第一篇：高中英語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)從句用法詳細(xì)解析

高中英語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)從句用法詳細(xì)解析

一、定義：

在句中作狀語(yǔ)的從句是狀語(yǔ)從句，修飾主句中的動(dòng)詞、形容詞或副詞等。狀語(yǔ)從句由從屬連詞引導(dǎo)，從屬連詞在句中不充當(dāng)句子成分，只起連接作用，狀語(yǔ)從句放在句首時(shí)，要用逗號(hào)，放在句尾時(shí)不用。

二、分類(lèi)

根據(jù)意義上的不同，狀語(yǔ)從句可分為：①時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句②地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句③原因狀語(yǔ)從句④目的狀語(yǔ)從句⑤條件狀語(yǔ)從句⑥結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句⑦讓步狀語(yǔ)從句⑧方式狀語(yǔ)從句⑨比較狀語(yǔ)從句

三、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句

（一）引導(dǎo) 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的連詞有：as, when(whenever), before, after, as soon as, until(till), since, every time, once.（二）、“as” as, when, while都有“當(dāng)??的時(shí)候”，可以互用 When she was a child.While she was a child.She Lived in Paris.As she was a child.as有“一邊?一邊”的意思 He sang as he walked.“when”

When the clock struck twelve, all the lights went out.I was sleeping when she came in.動(dòng)補(bǔ)

When we arrived at the station, the train had left.“while” 主、從句動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)同時(shí)發(fā)生。用while引導(dǎo)的從句用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，常表示較長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間或一個(gè)過(guò)程。

While we were having supper, all the lights went out.Please keep quiet while others are studying.While I was writing letters last night, he was watching TV.when, while并列連問(wèn)。when和while都可用作并列連問(wèn)，連接并列分句。When表示“就在??的時(shí)候”, while意反而，可是，表示轉(zhuǎn)折。One evening Beethoven was walking in a street, when he suddenly stopped outside a little house.并列連詞引導(dǎo)并列句，意思是就在那時(shí)。

（三）、主句是一般將來(lái)時(shí)，時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來(lái)，主句是過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)，從句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)，主句是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，從句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。

1.I' ll call you when I get there.2.They said they would leave when they got the new.3.They left as soon as they got the new.Whenever 無(wú)論什么時(shí)候，隨時(shí)

1.Whenever someone throws in some rubbish, the truck produces a piece of music.每當(dāng)有人扔進(jìn)一些垃圾時(shí)，它（汽車(chē)）就放一段音樂(lè)。2.Whenever we' re in trouble, they will help us.3.I go to the theatre, whenever I am free.4.Come and see me whenever you want to.你隨時(shí)來(lái)看我。

till和until(表示“直到??”)句首多用until

1、在肯定句中表示“直到??為止”，主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。I was waiting until/till he arrived.2、在否定句中表示“直到??才”主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常用終止性動(dòng)詞，這時(shí)until和till常被before替換。

I didn' t leave till/until she came back.since: 主句用完成時(shí)，從句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，since引導(dǎo)的從句間或可用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。

It is two years since I have studied English.1.We have known each other since we were children.2.We have been friends(ever since)since we met at school.3.It is ??(一段時(shí)間)+since+一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)句子。It is two years since my sister married.??(一段時(shí)間)have/has passed since +一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)句子 Two sisters have/has passed since my sister married.Since+時(shí)間點(diǎn) 1.I have been at home since three o' clock this afternoon.2.Maria has been in China since two years ago.*every time, each time, next time Every time you get back at night, you drop your boots on the floor.Every time I catch cold, I have pain in my back.(every time 分寫(xiě)不可以合寫(xiě))比較everyday(adj)日常的，普通的 every day 是名詞短語(yǔ)，每天，天天

Next time I go there, I will visit them.* once 一旦?就

Once you begin, you must go on.你一開(kāi)了頭，就應(yīng)該繼續(xù)下去。

四、地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句

地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句用where, wherever引導(dǎo)

We should go where the people need us.我們應(yīng)該去人民需要我們的地方。

Where there is a will, there is a way.有志者，事竟成。Wherever they went, they received a worm welcome.無(wú)論他們走到哪兒都受到熱烈歡迎。

She follow him whose he goes.他無(wú)論到哪里她總跟著。

五、原因狀語(yǔ)從句

原因狀語(yǔ)從句用because(因?yàn)?，since(既然), as(由于)引導(dǎo)

1、字母由多到少，語(yǔ)氣由強(qiáng)到弱。

2、由why提問(wèn)必須用because回答。Since, as不回答why的提問(wèn)，而且從句一般放在句首，because一般放在主句之后。

3、before of +名詞

Because of the rain, we didn' t go to the park.4、because 和so不可連用，只能選其一。（另有although, but）Why didn' t he come to school? Because he was ill.Since I must die, I must.既然我一定要死，我一定這樣做。

Since a lot of people make mistakes in life, Mr Smith wanted to give John a Chance.5、for并列連詞，不能放在句首，主要放在兩個(gè)并列句之間。For所提供的理由為一個(gè)補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明，而且前面常有逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)。The days we short, for it is December now.*改錯(cuò) Because he is ill is the reason why he can' t come.(Because改為that)

六、目的狀語(yǔ)從句

目的狀語(yǔ)從句用so(常用于口語(yǔ)), that, so that, in order that引導(dǎo) 目的狀語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)常含有may, might, can, could, should, would等情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。

1.We' ll sit never to the front so we can hear better.2.He studied hard so that he might succeed.他努力學(xué)習(xí)，以便成功。

3.I' ll speak slowly so that you can take notes.我慢慢講，以便你們能做筆記。

4.They hurried to the station in order that they could catch the train.他們急忙趕往火車(chē)站，以便能趕上火車(chē)。

5.I took a taxi so that I could get there earlier.6.I' m going to the lecture early so that I may get a good seat.我打算早些去聽(tīng)講座，以便找個(gè)好座位。

七、條件狀語(yǔ)從句

條件狀語(yǔ)從句由if, unless,(so)as long as(只需)引導(dǎo)

在條件狀語(yǔ)從句中要用一般時(shí)表示將來(lái)時(shí)（與時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句相同）

We will miss the train if you don' t hurry.He said we would miss the train if we didn' t hurry.You will fail the exam unless you study hard.(if you don' t study hard)He won' t come unless he is invited.(if he isn' t invited)Eat less food unless you want to become fatter.(if you don' t want to become better)As long as you are not afraid of difficulties, you are sure to succeed.As long as you don' t lose heart, you will succeed.八、結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句

結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句由such?that, so?.that, so that, that 引導(dǎo) 1.such? that 的常用句型

such +a/an +形容詞+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)+that such +形容詞+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)+that Such+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)（不可數(shù)名詞）+that

注意so many(much, few, little)+名詞，such a lot of(或lots of)+名詞是慣用法，不可亂用。

She is such a beautiful girl that we all like her.They were such beautiful flower that we bought home.It was such delicious food that they ate it up.2.so+形容詞或副詞+that so+形容詞+a/an+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)+that He is so rich that he can buy lot of things for himself.He works so hard that he did everything well.It was so hot a day that we all went swimming.It was such a good day that we all went swimming.3.so that, that都可以引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句

He didn' t study hard,(so)that he failed the exam.4.too?to, enough?to 可以引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句與so?that 替換，so?that結(jié)構(gòu)可以用too?to替換必須具備兩個(gè)條件，一是主句和結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)必須一致，二是從句中的謂語(yǔ)部分必須含有can(could)not.She is young that she can' t go to school.She is too young to go to school.She isn' t old enough to go to school.九、讓步狀語(yǔ)從句 although, though even though = even if, whether?or however = no matter how whatever = no matter what whoever = no matter who whenever = no matter when wherever = no matter where

*although和though都表示“雖然”只是although 更正式，多用于句首，而though用于句中，二者都可與yet, still連用，但不與but連用

Although/Though they are poor, they often help others.They are poor, but they often help others.Although he has failed many times, he doesn' t give up trying.Whatever/No matter what you say, I won' t believe you.No matter what you say, I don' t care.No matter who you are, you must obey the rules of our school.However hard he tried, he failed again.No matter what the weather is like, you can always find surfers out riding the waves.十、方式狀語(yǔ)從句

方式狀語(yǔ)從句由as(如同，按照)，as if(though)引導(dǎo)

*as和like都有“像”的意思，as是連詞，后面連接句子，like是介詞后面可加名詞、代詞或名詞性短語(yǔ)。

I did the work as others did.相當(dāng)于 I did like others.You must do as I do.as if(though)兩者意義相同，從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，但實(shí)現(xiàn)可能性較大，則用連接詞。

It seems as if/though it' s going to rain.They are talking as if/though they were old friends.She treats me as if I were her brother.When you are in home, do as the Romans do.例 You must do ______ I told you.A.after B.before C.where D.as(D)The students must do ______ the teacher told them.A.as B.before C.after D.if(A)

十一、比較狀語(yǔ)從句

比較狀語(yǔ)從句由as?as, not as(so)?as, than, the+比較級(jí)，the+比較級(jí)引導(dǎo)

He swims as well as you.(do)He doesn' t swim as well as you(do).He got here earlier than you.(did)The busier he is, the happier he feels.英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法狀語(yǔ)從句類(lèi)型綜述

狀語(yǔ)從句主要用來(lái)修飾主句或主句的謂語(yǔ)。一般可分為九大類(lèi)，分別表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因、目的、結(jié)果、條件、讓步、比較和方式。盡管種類(lèi)較多，但由于狀語(yǔ)從句與漢語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)和用法相似，所以理解和掌握它并不難。狀語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)鍵是要掌握引導(dǎo)不同狀語(yǔ)從句的常用連接詞和特殊的連接詞即考點(diǎn)?，F(xiàn)分別列舉如下: 1． 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句

常用引導(dǎo)詞：when, as, while, as soon as, while, before, after, since , till, until

特殊引導(dǎo)詞：the minute, the moment, the second, every time, the day，the instant, immediately , directly, no sooner … than, hardly …when, scarcely … when

I didn’t realize how special my mother was until I became an adult.While John was watching TV, his wife was cooking.The children ran away from the orchard(果園)the moment they saw the guard.No sooner had I arrived home than it began to rain.Every time I listen to your advice, I get into trouble.2． 地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句

常用引導(dǎo)詞：where

特殊引導(dǎo)詞：wherever, anywhere, everywhere

Generally, air will be heavily polluted where there are factories.Wherever you go, you should work hard.3． 原因狀語(yǔ)從句

常用引導(dǎo)詞：because, since, as, since

特殊引導(dǎo)詞：seeing that, now that, in that, considering that, given that, considering that, inasmuch as, insomuch as

My friends dislike me because I’m handsome and successful.Now that everybody has come, let’s begin our conference.The higher income tax is harmful in that it may discourage people from trying to earn more.Considering that he is no more than 12 years old, his height of 1.80 m is quite remarkable.4． 目的狀語(yǔ)從句

常用引導(dǎo)詞：so that, in order that

特殊引導(dǎo)詞：lest, in case, for fear that，in the hope that, for the purpose that, to the end that

The boss asked the secretary to hurry up with the letters so that he could sign them.The teacher raised his voice on purpose that the students in the back could hear more clearly.5． 結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句

常用引導(dǎo)詞：so … that, so… that, such … that，特殊引導(dǎo)詞：such that, to the degree that, to the extent that, to such a degree that，He got up so early that he caught the first bus.It’s such a good chance that we must not miss it.To such an degree was he excited that he couldn’t sleep last night.6． 條件狀語(yǔ)從句

常用引導(dǎo)詞：if, unless，特殊引導(dǎo)詞：as/so long as, only if, providing/provided that, suppose that, in case that, on condition that

We’ll start our project if the president agrees.You will certainly succeed so long as you keep on trying.Provided that there is no opposition, we shall hold the meeting here.7． 讓步狀語(yǔ)從句

常用引導(dǎo)詞：though, although, even if, even though

特殊引導(dǎo)詞： as(用在讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中必須要倒裝)，while(一般用在句首)，no matter …，in spite of the fact that, while, whatever, whoever, wherever, whenever, however, whichever

Much as I respect him, I can’t agree to his proposal.盡管我很尊敬他，我卻不同意他的建議。

The old man always enjoys swimming even though the weather is rough.No matter how hard he tried, she could not change her mind.He won’t listen whatever you may say.8． 比較狀語(yǔ)從句

常用引導(dǎo)詞：as(同級(jí)比較), than(不同程度的比較)

特殊引導(dǎo)詞：the more … the more …;just as …，so…;A is to B what /as X is to Y;no … more than;not A so much as B

She is as bad-tempered as her mother.The house is three times as big as ours.The more you exercise, the healthier you will be.Food is to men what oil is to machine.食物之于人，猶如油之于機(jī)器。

9． 方式狀語(yǔ)從句

常用引導(dǎo)詞：as, as if, how

特殊引導(dǎo)詞：the way

When in Rome, do as the Roman do.She behaved as if she were the boss.Sometimes we teach our children the way our parents have taught us.英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法狀語(yǔ)從句練習(xí)50

l.Yes,___she is on duty, she must be there

A.since B.until

C.while

D.if 2._______ journalism seems like a good profession(職業(yè)), I would prefer to be a teacher.A.Although

B.Even

C.No matter

D.Now that 3._______ he wants to fire you, l suggest you stop wearing sport clothes in the office.A.If

B.Since

C.Until

D.Ualess 4.She tried to phone him, _______there was no answer because he was abroad.A.since

B.while

C.so

D.but

5._______ I prefer a color TV, I have to buy a black and white one this time.A.As

B.Since

C.Because

D.Although 6.I had just started back for the house to change my clothes _______ I heard the voices.A.as

B.for

C.while

D.When 7.You can speak French well _______ you practise it with a Frenchman every day.A.unless

B.although

C.as long as

D.so that 8.The lady will have to wait all day _______ the doctor Works faster.A.if

B.unless

C.whether

D.that 9.The class went on with the story _______they had left it before the holiday.A.where

B.which

C.in which

D.when 10.Would you like to have a break--_______ shall we go on with the work?

A.and

B.then

C.therefore

D.or 11.We didn't plan to meet.We meet ___ in the street.A.by the way

B.by chance

C.on purpose

D.in surprise 12.---What are you going to do this afternoon? Could you tell me where Jim lives?

--_______Jim used to live next doo to us, and now he is living in another town.A.At the time B.At one time

C.At a time

D.At times

l5.In order to continue to learn by ourselves when we have left school, we must________ study how to 1earn in the school now.A.in all

B.after all

C.for all

D.at all l6.I came home very late last night, ___, early this morning.A.at latest B.on the whole C.in a word D.or rather

17.I'm sure ghosts(at)do not exist._____, I have never seen one.A.First of all B.Now and then

C.Day and nigh

D.At least 18.The day must be breaking, _______ the birds have begun singing.A.because

B.as C.for

D.since

19.You can go out _______ you Promise to be back before 10 o'clock.A.now that

B.so long as

C.so that

D.as far as 20.Smoking does great harm to our health._______many people smoke in Public Places.A.Therefore B.However

C.Although

D.No matter 2l.Dr.Bethune began to work _______ he arrived at the front.A.the moment

B.by the time C.before

D.at the moment 22.This class named _______Lei Feng is one of the best classes in this school.A.in honour of

B.in the place of

C.in favour of

D.in the way of 23.We had to he patient because it_______ some time _______we got the full result.A.have been;since

B.had been;until

C.was;after

D.would be;before

24.I am sorry I didn't do a good job.-Never mind., _______you have tried your best.A.Above all

B.In all

C.At all

D.After all l 25.Whoever is_______ advanced can pass this test.A.more and mor

B.more or less

C.no more

D.any the less

26._______ others say, the Professor is sure that his theory is correct.A.No matter

B.It doesn't matter

C.Whatever

D.What 27.l won't give you any help_______ you tell me the truth.It's none of my business.A.unless

B.since

C.if

D.even if

28.Only one third of the people present at the meeting were ______the revision(修訂)of the rules.A.in agreement of

B.in favour of

C.in for

D.with the side of 29.Many places are flooded by heavy rainfalls, so they can't walk _______they like these days.A.when

B.whenever

C.where

D.Wherever 3O.I had told you it would easily break_______ it was the weakest.A.when

B.where

C.unless D.since 35.The crowd started cheering _______he rose to speak.A.as

B.since C.till D.where

36.I had worked here _______you came here.But l shall leave for England_______.A.before long;before long

B.bore long;long before C.long before;before long D.long before;long before

37.Scientists say it may be five or ten years_______it is possible to test this medicine on human patients.A.since

B.before

C.after

D.when 38.We called the FirstYes, _______ the car doesn't break down.A.even if

B.unless

C.until

D.so long as 4l..-Let Jack take the place.He's older and should be more experienced.-I don't think so.A man doesn't necessarily grow wiser_______ he grows older.A.because

B.that

C.than

D.as 42.______you understand this rule, you will have no further difficulty.A.While B.Once

C.Though D.Unless 43.-Was he pleased to hear the news?

--_______ Pleased, even excited.A.No more than

B.More than

C.More

D.More or less 44._______, his wife will stand at the gate to wait for him to come back.A.However he is late

B.However is he late

C.However late he is D.However late is he 45.– Haven't the curtains been drawn yet?-No, ____ the lamps outside have already been lighted.A.though

B.since C.when

D.after 46.Of course they were later than expected;but_______ they were in time to start the game.A.at all

B.after all

C.in all

D.for all 47.I'll give him your message______ he comes back from lunch.A.until

B.as soon as C.while D.before

48.He whispered to his wife_______ he might wake up the sleeping baby.A.so that

B.on condition that

C.for fear that D.so long as 49.---May l come in right now?

-Certainly, ______only two are allowed at a time.A.so

B.therefore

C.but

D.unless 50.I don't believe ____ he says now.He is a cheat.A.no matter what B.everything

C.whatever

D.how

高一英語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)從句專(zhuān)項(xiàng)練習(xí)

1.I get to Pairs,I×ll call you up at the airport.A.Since B.While C.Once D.Altough 2.the headmaster comes, we won×t discuss this plan.A.Unless B.If not C.Except D.Whether 3.Bill must have been away from the office.how many times I phoned him,nobody answered it.A.Whatever B.No matter C.In spite of D.Though 4.I had been to Beijing long you visited it.A.before B.till C.after D.when 5.,he is good at drawing.A.To be a child B.A child as he is C.As a child D.Child as he is 6.Don×t be discouraged you have fallen behind others.A.whether B.as if C.even if D.however 7.We can get there on time the car doesn×t break down.A.while B.as long as C.so that D.even if 8.The vase on the left is than the one on the right,and not.A.more nicer；so expensive B.much more better；as expensive C.nicer；as expensive D.better；such expensive 9.It wasn×t long he joined the job.A.that B.before C.until D.and 10.These planes can fly than the old ones.A.as fast three times B.three times as fast C.three times fast D.three times faster 11.had the bell rung the students took their seats.A.Hardly；when B.No sooner；when C.Hardly；than D.No sooner；then 12.many times，but he still couldn×t understand it.A.Having been told B.Though had been told C.He was told D.Having told 13.we have come,let×s stay and enjoy it.A.For B.As C.Because D.Since 14.You×d better do you are required.A.like B.which C.that D.as 15.that none of us could follow him.A.He spoke very fast B.So fast he spoke C.Too fast he spoke D.So fast did he speak 16.I×ll start early, it may be dark.A.however B.whether C.if D.though 17.the baby fell asleep the room.A.After；did the mother leave B.Not until；did the mother leave C.Not until；the mother left D.Soon after；the mother had left 18.the day went on,the weather got worse.A.With B.Since C.As D.While 19.He can×t have gone out, the light is still on.A.because B.since C.as D.for 20.I was walking along the river I heard a cry for help.A.while B.since C.when D.as 21.We shouldn×t do that dangerous experiment the teacher is with as.A.if not B.if C.unless D.as long as 22.He has little education he is unable to find a job.A.such；that B.so；and C.so；that D.such；and 23.The soldier was wounded，he pushed on.A.for B.and C.so D.yet 24.The full letter reads follows.A.like B.as C.that D.which 25.Will you go our motherland needs us most after graduation? A.that B.where C.in which D.to the place which 26.This is a revision paper.When you do it,you×d better make a mark you have questions.A.where B.the place C.as if D.since 27.Water power station are built big water falls.A.where there are B.where there have C.which has D.which are 28.I am sure I×ll meet kind－h(huán)earted man I go.A.where B.to the place where C.wherever D.the place 29.She is so good at playing table－tennis that she can hit the ball she wants it to go.A.the place where B.that C.in which D.where 30.It was his mother came in to prepare his lessons.A.not until；did the boy begin B.until；that the boy began C.until；did the boy begin D.not until；that the boy began

答案：

1－5 C A B A D 6－10 C B C B D 11－15 A C D D D 16－20 D B C D C 21－25 C C D B B 26－30 A A C D D

第二篇：狀語(yǔ)及狀語(yǔ)從句解析

狀語(yǔ)(adverbial)是句子的重要修飾成分。狀語(yǔ)是謂語(yǔ)里的另一個(gè)附加成分，它附加在謂語(yǔ)中心語(yǔ)的前面，從情況、時(shí)間、處所、方式、條件、對(duì)象、肯定、否定、范圍和程度等方面對(duì)謂語(yǔ)中心進(jìn)行修飾或限制。在英語(yǔ)中，狀語(yǔ)修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞等的句子成分。

狀語(yǔ)的功用：狀語(yǔ)說(shuō)明地點(diǎn)、時(shí)間、原因、目的、結(jié)果、條件、方向、程度、方式和伴隨狀況等。

狀語(yǔ)一般由副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)、分詞和分詞短語(yǔ)、不定式或相當(dāng)于副詞的詞或短語(yǔ)來(lái)?yè)?dān)當(dāng)。其位置一般放在句末，但也可放在句首或句中。

副詞是一種用來(lái)修飾動(dòng)詞,形容詞,副詞或全句的詞,說(shuō)明時(shí)間,地點(diǎn),程度,方式等概念。1.副詞一般在句子中做狀語(yǔ)．

He speaks English very well.他英語(yǔ)說(shuō)得非常好.中的very是程度副詞，用來(lái)修飾well。very well是修飾speak的程度狀語(yǔ)。

2.不定式在句子中可以作目的狀語(yǔ)。I come specially to see you.我專(zhuān)門(mén)來(lái)看你.3.介詞短語(yǔ)

Ten years ago, She began to live in Dalian.十年前,她開(kāi)始住在大連。

The boy was praised for his bravery.4.從句作狀語(yǔ)

When she was 12 years old, she began to live in Dalian.If I am not busy tomorrow, I will play football with you.5.分詞作狀語(yǔ)

Having had a quarrel with his wife, he left home in a bad temper。

Inhibited in one direction, it now seems that the Mississippi is about to take another.狀語(yǔ)簡(jiǎn)介

概述

狀語(yǔ)與定語(yǔ)相同的地方是,都是前者附加成分;不同的地方是,它是謂語(yǔ)里的附加成分,而定語(yǔ)是主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)里的附加成分.從句子的層次上看,狀語(yǔ)是在第二個(gè)層次和第三個(gè)層次里的成分,有時(shí)甚至是更低層次的成分.狀語(yǔ)的構(gòu)成

狀語(yǔ)的構(gòu)成經(jīng)常充當(dāng)狀語(yǔ)的有形容詞,副詞,時(shí)間處所名詞,能愿動(dòng)詞,指示代詞,以及方位短語(yǔ),介詞短語(yǔ),動(dòng)賓短語(yǔ),謂詞性聯(lián)合短語(yǔ),謂詞性偏正短語(yǔ),謂詞性主謂短語(yǔ)等.含有動(dòng)量詞的數(shù)量短語(yǔ)以及重疊式的數(shù)量短語(yǔ)(不論動(dòng)量,物量)也可以充當(dāng)狀語(yǔ).此外,少數(shù)名詞帶上表比況的助詞也可以作狀語(yǔ).狀語(yǔ)的書(shū)面標(biāo)志——“地”

狀語(yǔ)的書(shū)面標(biāo)志是結(jié)構(gòu)助詞“地”.狀語(yǔ)后面帶或者是不帶“地”,情況比較復(fù)雜.一般講來(lái),數(shù)量短語(yǔ),主謂短語(yǔ),動(dòng)賓短語(yǔ)等作狀語(yǔ)時(shí),大都帶“地”;而介詞短語(yǔ),方位短語(yǔ),能愿動(dòng)詞,時(shí)間處所名詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)不能帶“地”,副詞,單音節(jié)形容詞作狀語(yǔ)一般也不帶“地”.多層狀語(yǔ)

如果一個(gè)中心語(yǔ)前面有好幾個(gè)狀語(yǔ)(多層狀語(yǔ)),那就應(yīng)當(dāng)注意它們的語(yǔ)序.多層狀語(yǔ)的狀語(yǔ)個(gè)數(shù)一般比多層定語(yǔ)的定語(yǔ)個(gè)數(shù)要少些,其語(yǔ)序也比多層定語(yǔ)的語(yǔ)序要靈活一些.多層狀語(yǔ)的一般語(yǔ)序: a.表時(shí)間的名詞或方位短語(yǔ),介詞短語(yǔ);b.副詞.c.表處所的介詞短語(yǔ)或名詞,方位短語(yǔ);d.表情態(tài)的形容詞或謂詞短語(yǔ);e.表對(duì)象的介詞短語(yǔ).其中副詞的位置較為靈活,也可放置在第三項(xiàng)之后.一般狀語(yǔ)和句首狀語(yǔ)

狀語(yǔ)在句子中有兩種位置:一種是在主語(yǔ)之后,謂語(yǔ)中心之前,如上文所舉各例,這是狀語(yǔ)的一般位置;另一種是放在主語(yǔ)的前面的,這是狀語(yǔ)的特殊位置,這種狀語(yǔ)可稱(chēng)“句首狀語(yǔ)”.狀語(yǔ)的分類(lèi)

狀語(yǔ)按其修飾的功能不同可分為八大類(lèi)：

時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，條件狀語(yǔ)，原因狀語(yǔ)，目的狀語(yǔ)，結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)，讓步狀語(yǔ)和比較狀語(yǔ)

時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句

要點(diǎn): 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，由以下連詞引導(dǎo)： when，while，as，after，before，as soon as，since，till /until by the time 在時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中，要注意時(shí)態(tài)一致。一般情況下主句是將來(lái)時(shí)的時(shí)候，從句要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。

1.when當(dāng).....的時(shí)候

Mozart started writing music when he was four years old.2.while當(dāng).....時(shí)

He visited a lot of places while he was traveling.3.as在.....的同時(shí)；一邊....一邊.....He smiled as he stood up.4.after在....之后

He left the classroom after he had finished his homework the other day.5.before 在......之前

Mr.Brown had worked in a bank for a year before he came here.6.as soon as 一.....就（scarcely/hardly...when,no sooner than,the minute/moment,on/upon,directly等等）

We began to work as soon as we got there.I will write to you as soon as I get home.7.since 自......以來(lái)到現(xiàn)在

表示自過(guò)去的一個(gè)起點(diǎn)時(shí)間到目前(說(shuō)話(huà)時(shí)間)為止的一段持續(xù)時(shí)間。主句一般用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，從句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。

Mr Green has taught in that school since he came to China three years ago.(還可以用作介詞，本句從句還可以用短語(yǔ)：since three years ago(自三年前以來(lái))表示。)8 till /until 都可以作連詞，連接時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，也可以作介詞，與其它詞構(gòu)成介詞短語(yǔ)，在句中作狀語(yǔ)。They walked till /until it was dark.Xiao Ming didn’t leave home till / until his father came back.9.by the time 到......為止(所在句子的主句應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在或過(guò)去完成時(shí))By the time he gets there , his father has already gone.By the time I got to school, the class had already began.一.由when, while, as引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。例如：

When you think you know nothing, then you begin to know something.當(dāng)你以為自己一無(wú)所知的時(shí)候，你就是在開(kāi)始知道一些事物了。

When truth is buried under the ground it grows, it chokes, it gathers such an explosive force that on the day it bursts out , it blows up everything with it.當(dāng)真理被埋在地下的時(shí)候，它在生長(zhǎng)，它感到壓抑，它蓄存著這么一種爆炸性力量，一旦冒出，它就會(huì)炸破一切！

Strike while the iron is hot.趁熱打鐵。

Will you watch my clothes while I have a swim.我游泳的時(shí)候，請(qǐng)你照看一下我的衣服。

You can feel the air moving as your hand pushes through it.當(dāng)你的手在空氣中揮動(dòng)的時(shí)候，你就能感覺(jué)到空氣在流動(dòng)。

Our headmaster laughed as she spoke.我們的校長(zhǎng)邊談邊笑。a.when, while和as的區(qū)別

when引導(dǎo)的從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可以是延續(xù)性的動(dòng)詞，又可以是瞬時(shí)動(dòng)詞。并且when有時(shí)表示“就在那時(shí)”。When she came in, I was eating.(瞬時(shí)動(dòng)詞)When I lived in the countryside, I used to carry some water for him.（延續(xù)性的動(dòng)詞）

While引導(dǎo)的從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作必須是延續(xù)性的，并強(qiáng)調(diào)主句和從句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生（或者相對(duì)應(yīng)）。并且while有時(shí)還可以表示對(duì)比。例如： While my wife was reading the newspaper, I was watching TV.(was reading是延續(xù)性的動(dòng)詞，was reading和was watching同時(shí)發(fā)生)I like playing football while you like playing basketball.（對(duì)比）

b, As表示“一邊??一邊”，as引導(dǎo)的動(dòng)作是延續(xù)性的動(dòng)作，一般用于主句和從句動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生；as也可以強(qiáng)調(diào)“一先一后。例如：We always sing as we walk.（as表示“一邊??一邊”）As we was going out, it began to snow.（as強(qiáng)調(diào)句中兩個(gè)動(dòng)作緊接著先后發(fā)生，而不強(qiáng)調(diào)開(kāi)始下雪的特定時(shí)間）

c, as when while的辨析

as when while都表示主、從句動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，三者差異如下： 表示“一邊。。一邊“的意思

as 強(qiáng)調(diào)兩個(gè)動(dòng)作同時(shí)進(jìn)行，并表示對(duì)比時(shí) 用于發(fā)生時(shí)間較段時(shí) d when

1、還可以表示從句動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作在主幾句動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作”之前 “或”之后“發(fā)生。

2、when=and then;at that moment(正在那個(gè)時(shí)候)3.常用于常見(jiàn)搭配中 e while

1、用于時(shí)間較長(zhǎng)時(shí)

2、強(qiáng)調(diào)兩個(gè)動(dòng)作同時(shí)進(jìn)行，并表示對(duì)比時(shí) 有時(shí)這三個(gè)連詞可以互換，有時(shí)不可以。

lt was raining hard when(as)I got there.(動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，when可換為as, 但不能換為while，因?yàn)間et是點(diǎn)動(dòng)詞.)When I had read the article, he called me.(從句動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句之前，注意時(shí)態(tài)表達(dá)，只能用when)When I got to the cinema, the film had begun.(從句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句之后，只能用when,并要注意時(shí)態(tài))He was about to leave, when the telephone rang.(此時(shí)不能放在句首。主句動(dòng)詞一般表達(dá) “正在” “即將”.while, as不能代替

She thought I was talking about her daughter, while, in fact, I was talking about my daughter.(表轉(zhuǎn)折，對(duì)比，when, as都不能代替它)While the alien was buying a souvenir, the girl called the police.(表示主句，從句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，while后引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句的動(dòng)詞必須是延續(xù)動(dòng)詞不能是點(diǎn)動(dòng)詞，因?yàn)樗硎据^長(zhǎng)時(shí)間)Mother was worried because little Alice was ill, especially as(when/ while)father was away.(此時(shí)as ,when, while可通用)二.由before和after引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。

注意before引導(dǎo)的從句不再用否定式的謂語(yǔ)，并且當(dāng)before引導(dǎo)的從句位于主句之后，有時(shí)譯成“就，才”。還要注意主句和從句之間的時(shí)間關(guān)系。當(dāng)主句用將來(lái)時(shí)，從句總是用現(xiàn)在時(shí)；如果before引導(dǎo)的從句謂語(yǔ)用的是過(guò)去時(shí)，則主句動(dòng)詞多用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，這樣以便體現(xiàn)動(dòng)作發(fā)生的先后。After表示主句動(dòng)作發(fā)生在從句動(dòng)作之后。主句和從句的動(dòng)作的時(shí)間關(guān)系正好與before引導(dǎo)的從句相反。例如：

It will be four days before they come back.Einstein almost knocked me down before he saw me.My father had left for Canada just before the letter arrived.They had not been married four months before they were divorced.After you think it over, please let me know what you decide.After we had finished the work, we went home.（從句用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，主句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)）

三.由till或until引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。

till和until一般情況下兩者可以互換，但是在強(qiáng)調(diào)句型中多用until。并且要注意的是：如果主句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是瞬時(shí)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，必須用否定形式；如果主句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞時(shí)，用肯定或否定形式都可以，但表達(dá)的意思不同。例如：

I didn't go to bed until（till）my father came back.直到我父親回來(lái)我才上床睡覺(jué)。It was not until the meeting was over that he began to teach me English.直到散會(huì)之后他才開(kāi)始教我英語(yǔ)。

I worked until he came back.我工作到他回來(lái)為止。I didn't work until he came back.他回來(lái)我這才開(kāi)始工作。Please wait until I arrived.在我到達(dá)之前請(qǐng)等我。四.由since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。

since引導(dǎo)的從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可以是延續(xù)性的動(dòng)詞，又可以是瞬時(shí)動(dòng)詞。一般情況下，從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，而主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。但在It is +時(shí)間+since從句的句型中，主句多用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。例如：

I have been in Beijing since you left.Where have you been since I last saw you?

It is four years since my sister lived in Beijing.我妹妹不在北京住有四年了。It is five months since our boss was in Beijing.我們老板離開(kāi)北京有五個(gè)月了。五 知識(shí)擴(kuò)展

1.It is since從。。以來(lái)多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間了(因?yàn)閟ince +從句或名詞，表示一段時(shí)間)It is five years since we met last time.從我們上次見(jiàn)面已經(jīng)五年了。2.It is +before?(。。才)It was a long time before I went to sleep again.It was an hour before(=until)the police arrived.3.由as soon as, immediately, directly, instantly, the moment, the instant, the minute, 等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。這些連詞都表示“一??就”。例如：

I will go there directly I have finished my breakfast.吃完早飯，我立即到那里去。The moment I heard the news, I hastened to the spot.我一聽(tīng)到消息，馬上趕到了出事地點(diǎn)。

As soon as I reach Canada, I will ring you up.我一到加拿大，就給你來(lái)電話(huà)?！咀⒁狻縣ardly(scarcely, rarely)?when / before, no sooner?than相當(dāng)于as soon as之意。主句用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，從句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。當(dāng)hardly, scarcely, rarely和no sooner位于句首時(shí)，主句應(yīng)用倒裝語(yǔ)序。例如：

He had no sooner arrived home than he was asked to start on another journey.他剛到家，就被邀請(qǐng)開(kāi)始另一旅程。

No sooner had the sun shown itself above the horizon than he got out of bed to commence work.太陽(yáng)剛從地平線(xiàn)上升起，他就起床勞動(dòng)去了。

Hardly had I sat down when he stepped in.我剛坐下，他就進(jìn)來(lái)了。

He had hardly fallen asleep when he felt a soft touch on his shoulder.這個(gè)阿拉伯人剛要入睡就感到肩膀上被輕輕一觸。

六.由by the time引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。

注意時(shí)態(tài)的變化：在一般情況下，如果從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去完成時(shí)；如果從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用將來(lái)完成時(shí)。例如： By the time you came back, I had finished this book.到你回來(lái)時(shí)，我已經(jīng)寫(xiě)完這本書(shū)了。

By the time you come here tomorrow, I will have finished this work.你明天來(lái)這兒的時(shí)候，我將已經(jīng)完成此工作了。

七 由each time, every time和whenever引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。例如：

Each time he came to Harbin, he would call on me.他每次來(lái)哈爾濱，總是來(lái)看我。Whenever that man says“To tell the truth”, I suspect that he's about to tell a lie.每當(dāng)那個(gè)人說(shuō)“說(shuō)實(shí)在話(huà)”的時(shí)候，我猜想他就要說(shuō)謊了。

You grow younger every time I see you.每次遇到你，見(jiàn)你更年輕了。

八.由as long as和so long as引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。這兩個(gè)連詞表示“有多久??就多久”。例如：

You can go where you like as long as you get back before dark.你可以隨意到哪里去，只要在天黑以前回來(lái)就行。

I will fight against these conditions as long as there is a breath in my body!只要我一息尚存，我就要反對(duì)這種境況。

地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句

一 地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句(adverbial clause of place)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句一般由連接副詞where, wherever等引導(dǎo)，已經(jīng)形成了固定的句型，要點(diǎn): 由連詞where和復(fù)合關(guān)系詞wherever(=no matter where)引導(dǎo).例如：

句型1：Where+地點(diǎn)從句，（there）+主句。

【注意】此句型通常譯成“哪里??哪里就??”；主句在從句后面時(shí)，there可用可不用；如果主句在從句的前面時(shí)，一般都不用there。例如：

Where there is no rain, farming is difficult or impossible.在沒(méi)有雨水的地方，耕作是困難的，或根本不可能的。

They were good persons.Where they went, there they were warmly welcomed.他們都是好人。因此他們走到哪里都受到熱烈歡迎。

You should have put the book where you found it.你本來(lái)應(yīng)該把書(shū)放回原來(lái)的地方。Where the Communist Party of China goes, there the people are liberated.哪里有了中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨，哪里人民得解放。

句型2：Anywhere/ wherever+地點(diǎn)從句，+主句。

【注意】anywhere本身是個(gè)副詞，但是，?？梢砸龑?dǎo)從句，相當(dāng)于連詞，意思相似于wherever, anywhere引導(dǎo)的從句可位于主句之前，也可以位于主句之后。而wherever本身就是個(gè)連詞，表示“在何處，無(wú)論何處”。例如：

Wherever the sea is , you will find seamen.有海就有海員。二 知識(shí)擴(kuò)展

1.Where there is a will , there is a way.有志者事竟成。(諺語(yǔ))1.It will be mixed school where not all the children are disabled.他將是一所混合式學(xué)校，那里的兒童并不都是殘疾。(在限定性定語(yǔ)從句中對(duì)先行詞起著限定作用。)2.Wherever you go , I go too.無(wú)論你到什么地方，我都去。(wherever=no matter where)無(wú)論何處，多用于句首。3.Wherever there is smoke , there is fire.無(wú)風(fēng)不起浪。(諺語(yǔ))4.While she was wondering where to go , she met a policeman.疑問(wèn)副詞where后跟不定式,構(gòu)成不定式短語(yǔ).條件狀語(yǔ)從句

要點(diǎn)： 表示狀語(yǔ)從句由連詞if, unless(=if not)意思為除非引導(dǎo)。(讓步)1.If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we will go hiking.如果明天不下雨, 我們就去遠(yuǎn)足.2.You will get good grades if you study hard.如果你努力學(xué)習(xí),就會(huì)取得好成績(jī).3.I won't/ will not go to the party unless he goes there too.我不會(huì)去參加聚會(huì)的, 除非他也去.(如果他不去,我也不去.)4.You will be late unless you leave immediately.如果你不馬上走,你將會(huì)遲到的.(=If you don’t leave immediately, you will be late.)難點(diǎn)提示：用條件狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)要注意時(shí)態(tài)的正確使用,當(dāng)主句是將來(lái)時(shí)的時(shí)候,從句要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí).lHe will not leave if it isn’t fine tomorrow.一般將來(lái)時(shí)，一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)

lThey are going to have a picnic if it doesn’t rain next week.一般將來(lái)時(shí), 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) 原因狀語(yǔ)從句

要點(diǎn): 由連詞because, since, as引導(dǎo), 也可由for, now that 等詞引導(dǎo) 目的、結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句

要點(diǎn)： 目的狀語(yǔ)從句由連詞that, so that, so?that , in order that 引導(dǎo)。結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句由連詞(so)that, so?that, such?that, so much/many?that引導(dǎo)。1.so?that 如此?以至于 2.so that 以至于, 以便于

I opened the window so that fresh air might come in.(目的)我把窗戶(hù)打開(kāi)以便于使新鮮空氣可以進(jìn)來(lái)。3.such?that 如此。。以至

It’s such nice weather that all of us want to go to the park.天氣是如此的好，我們大家都想去公園玩。4.in order that=so that:為了

We shall let you know the details soon in order that you can/may make your arrangements.不久我們將會(huì)讓你知道詳情,以便你們能夠做出安排。(目的)5.比較：so和 such 其規(guī)律由so與such的不同詞性決定。such 是形容詞，修飾名詞或名詞詞組，so 是副詞，只能修飾形容詞或副詞。so 還可與表示數(shù)量的形容詞many, few, much, little連用，形成固定搭配。

so foolish such a fool so nice a flower such a nice flower so many / few flowers such nice flowers so much / little money.such rapid progress so many people such a lot of people（so many 已成固定搭配，a lot of 雖相當(dāng)于 many，但 a lot of 為名詞性的，只能用such搭配。）

so?that與such?that之間的轉(zhuǎn)換既為 so與such之間的轉(zhuǎn)換。The boy is so young that he can’t go to school.He is such a young boy that he can’t go to school 難點(diǎn)

+形容詞或副詞 +形+a(an)+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞

so +many 或few+復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞 +that +much或 little+不可數(shù)名詞

so that ,such?that 都可以in order that兩者皆可引導(dǎo)目的地狀語(yǔ)從句和結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句，當(dāng)他們引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，從句的謂語(yǔ)里常常有can, could, may, might, will, would等次。

so +adj或adv.+ that，such +n.+ that 以上兩種句型都表示結(jié)果,其中so為副詞,后接形容詞，副詞原型，當(dāng)可數(shù)名詞前有many, few；不可數(shù)名詞前有much, little修飾時(shí)，應(yīng)采用句型：so many(few, much, little)+n.。such為形容詞, 后只能接名詞。這名詞既可以地可數(shù)的，也可以是不可數(shù)的。如果這名詞是可數(shù)的,則必須在名詞前加不定冠詞a(an).常見(jiàn)的形式是:such a(beautiful)garden, such(nice)people.1。I’ve had so many falls that I’m black and blue all over.2。there are so few notebooks that I can’t give you any.3。It is such nice weather that I’d like to take a walk.4。Mike is so honest a man that we all believe him.(=Mike is such an honest man that we all believe him.)5。The weather is so nice that I’d like to take a walk.讓步狀語(yǔ)從句

要點(diǎn): 表示讓步的狀語(yǔ)從句由連詞 though, although引導(dǎo).難點(diǎn)：

though, although當(dāng)雖然講, 都不能和but連用.Although,(though)?but的格式是不對(duì)的.但是他們都可以同yet(still)連用.所以thought(although)?yet(still)的格式是正確的.Wrong: Although he is rich but he is not happy.Right : Although he is rich, yet he is not happy.雖然他很富有, 然而他并不快樂(lè).although, though 辨析

although 不能though 那樣用作副詞, 放在句末表示強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)要用even though.1。He is looking fit, though.2。Even though I did not understand a word, I kept smiling.3。He is quite experienced, he is young, though.2)as, though 引導(dǎo)的倒裝句

as / though引導(dǎo)的讓步從句必須表語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)提前（形容詞、副詞、分詞、實(shí)義動(dòng)詞提前）。

Child as /though he was, he knew what was the right thing to do.= Though he was a small child, he knew what was the right thing to do.【注意】a.句首名詞不能帶任何冠詞。

b.句首是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，其他助動(dòng)詞放在主語(yǔ)后。如果實(shí)義動(dòng)詞有賓語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)，隨實(shí)義動(dòng)詞一起放在主語(yǔ)之前。

Try hard as he will, he never seems able to do the work satisfactorily.= Though he tries hard, he never seems? 雖然他盡了努力，但他的工作總做的不盡人意。c ever if, even though.即使

We’ll make a trip even though the weather is bad.d whether?or-不管??都

Whether you believe it or not, it is true.e ”no matter +疑問(wèn)詞“ 或”疑問(wèn)詞+后綴ever“ No matter what happened, he would not mind.Whatever happened, he would not mind.替換：no matter what = whatever no matter who = whoever no matter when = whenever no matter where = wherever no matter which = whichever no matter how = however 注意：no matter 不能引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句和賓語(yǔ)從句。（錯(cuò)）No matter what you say is of no use now.（對(duì)）Whatever you say is of no use now.你現(xiàn)在說(shuō)什么也沒(méi)用了。(Whatever you say是主語(yǔ)從句)（錯(cuò)）Prisoners have to eat no matter what they’re given,（對(duì)）Prisoners have to eat whatever they’re given.囚犯?jìng)冎荒芙o什么吃什么。比較狀語(yǔ)從句

要點(diǎn)：比較狀語(yǔ)從句主要運(yùn)用于形容詞和副詞的原級(jí)，比較級(jí)及最高級(jí)的句子之中。原級(jí)

1.as?as 和。。一樣 Jack is as tall as Bob.捷克和湯姆一樣高。2.not so(as)?as ?和不一樣

She is not so(as)outgoing as her sister.她不如她姐姐外向。比較級(jí)

more?than(更)This book is more instructive than that one.這本書(shū)比那本書(shū)由教育意義。最高級(jí)

1.The most?in/of This book is the most interesting of the three.這本書(shū)是三本中最有趣的。2.the + 形容詞+est?of/in This road is the busiest street in our city.知識(shí)擴(kuò)展

no more than只不過(guò)(嫌少的意思)1。I have no more than two pens.2。It’s no more than a mile to the shops.not more than不如。。；(前者不如后者)1。Jack is not more diligent than John.2。one of the + 名詞(復(fù)數(shù))?.之一(用于最高級(jí))She is one of the best students in our school.方式狀語(yǔ)從句

1）方式狀語(yǔ)從句通常由as,(just)as?so?, as if, as though引導(dǎo)。

as,(just)as?so?引導(dǎo)的方式狀語(yǔ)從句通常位于主句后，但在(just)as?so?結(jié)構(gòu)中位于句首，這時(shí)as從句帶有比喻的含義，意思是”正如?“，”就像“，多用于正式文體，例如：

1。Always do to the others as you would be done by.2。As water is to fish, so air is to man.3。Just as we sweep our rooms, so we should sweep backward ideas from our minds.2）as if, as though 兩者的意義和用法相同，引出的狀語(yǔ)從句謂語(yǔ)多用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，表示與事實(shí)相反，有時(shí)也用陳述語(yǔ)氣，表示所說(shuō)情況是事實(shí)或?qū)崿F(xiàn)的可能性較大。漢譯常作”仿佛??似的“，”好像??似的"，例如：

1。They completely ignore these facts as if(as though)they never existed.2。He looks as if(as though)he had been hit by lighting.3。It looks as if the weather may pick up very soon.[說(shuō)明]as if / as though也可以引導(dǎo)一個(gè)分詞短語(yǔ)、不定式短語(yǔ)或無(wú)動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)，例如： 1。He stared at me as if seeing me for first time.2。He cleared his throat as if to say something.3。The waves dashed on the rocks as if in anger.

第三篇：狀語(yǔ)從句

Clauses of Condition, Concession and Contrast(條件、讓步和對(duì)比從句)條件從句

由 if, unless, as(so)long as, provided / providing(that), suppose / supposing(that), in case等引導(dǎo)，如：

If he comes I'll tell you.You would have succeeded if you had tried harder.You will fail unless you work hard.(=You will fail if you don't work hard.)

Supposing / Suppose it rains, shall we have the match as scheduled?

In case you need anything else, please let me know.讓步從句

由 although, though, even though, even if, whether...or, while, as, wh-words + ever(= no matter + wh-words)等從屬連詞引導(dǎo)，如：

He is quite modest though he is the best student in the class.The needle has the same mass whether it is hot or cold.Whichever(No matter which)plan you adopt, you will meet with difficulties.使用上述讓步從句的某些從屬連詞時(shí)注意以下幾點(diǎn)：

a.although(though)不可與連詞 but 連用；

b.as 引導(dǎo)的從句意義和 though 相似，但表示的語(yǔ)氣較強(qiáng)，并須將強(qiáng)調(diào)的詞放在句首（但不用 although），如：

Simple as(though)the question may seem, it is not at all common in nature.c.however / no matter how 引導(dǎo)的從句中，however / no matter how 后須緊跟形容詞或副詞，如：

However / No matter how hard I tried, I couldn't remember all the questions.對(duì)比從句

表示兩個(gè)人或兩件事之間的對(duì)比，常用 while 或 whereas 引導(dǎo)，如：

He is idle, while his brother is diligent.Some people like fat meat, whereas others hate it.Clauses of Cause, Result and Purpose(原因、結(jié)果和目的從句)原因從句

主要由下列從屬連詞引導(dǎo)：

1． Because, as, since。其中 because 語(yǔ)氣最強(qiáng)，表示直接、主要原因，通常引導(dǎo)的從句放在句尾，特別是回答 why 提出的問(wèn)題只能用 because;as 和 since 表示明顯的、已知的原因，since 比 as 正式，如：

They had to move because their building was to be pulled down.As Mary was the eldest, she looked after the others.Since they live near the sea, they often go sailing.2． now that, seeing(that), considering(that), in that。這些連詞與 as, since 意思相近，通常用于書(shū)面語(yǔ)，并且它們兼有其它意義。now that 有“時(shí)間”含義，表示”既然”，說(shuō)明一種新

情況；seeing(that)和 considering(that)有“條件”含義；in that 有”某一方面”含義，如：

Now that you are well again you can travel.Seeing(that)they are just beginners, they are doing quite a good job.I was lucky in that I was able to find a good baby-sitter（保姆）.結(jié)果從句

常用 so that, so...that, such...that, that 等連詞引導(dǎo)，如：

I was caught in a shower, so that all my clothes got wet.I was so tired that I could hardly keep my eyes open.He was such a good runner that I couldn't catch him.目的從句

常用 so that, in order(that), lest, for fear that 等連詞引導(dǎo)，如：

I took a taxi so that I could be in time for the meeting.Come closer in order that you may see the blackboard better.so that 既可引導(dǎo)結(jié)果從句也可引導(dǎo)目的從句，但結(jié)果從句表示事實(shí)，通常不含情態(tài)動(dòng)詞；目的從句表示希望或想要實(shí)現(xiàn)的事實(shí)，通常含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，如：

He got up early so that he caught the train.（結(jié)果）

He got up early so that he could(might)catch the train.（目的）

Lest 和 for fear(that)含有否定意義，并且從句中動(dòng)詞須用 “動(dòng)詞原形”或 ”should + V.” 的虛擬語(yǔ)氣，如：

He ran away lest he(should)be caught.(= He ran away in order that he would not be caught.)

I checked all the results time and again for fear that there should be any mistakes.(= I checked all the results time and again so that there wouldn't be any mistakes.)

Clauses of Manner and Comparison(方式和比較從句)方式從句

主要由 just as, as, as if, as though 等連詞引導(dǎo)，如：

He doesn't speak the way as other people do.Our bodies are made up of millions of very small cells, just as a building is made of many stones or bricks.He speaks French as if(as though)he were a Frenchman.由 as if 或 as though 引導(dǎo)的從句通常用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，但如果主句謂語(yǔ)是感官動(dòng)詞，并且所述情況實(shí)現(xiàn)可能性大，也可用陳述語(yǔ)氣，如：

It looks as if the coming autumn harvest will be even better than the last one.比較從句

主要由 as...as, not so(as)...as, than 等連詞引導(dǎo)，如：

This table is as wide as that one.Mary can not run so(as)fast as Tom.Silver conducts electricity better than other metals.Clauses of Proportion and Other Types(比例從句和其它從句)比例從句

由關(guān)聯(lián)詞 the...the...連接形容詞或副詞比較級(jí)構(gòu)成，如：

The more she thought about it, the more she liked it.其它從句

如 as...so 和 what...that 引導(dǎo)的類(lèi)比從句；so(as)far as 引導(dǎo)的范圍從句；except that 引導(dǎo)的例外從句；rather / sooner than 和 would / had rather than 引導(dǎo)的擇比從句等，如：

As the desert is like a sea, so is the camel like a ship.（沙漠似海，駱駝似舟。）

What blood vessel is to a man's body, that railway is to transportation.（鐵路對(duì)于運(yùn)輸，好比血管對(duì)于人的身體。）

As(So)far as I know, he is an honest man.（據(jù)我所知，他是一個(gè)誠(chéng)實(shí)的人。）

I would do it with pleasure, except that I am too busy.（要不是我太忙了，我會(huì)很高興去做的。）

Rather than get money in such a dishonest way, he would beg in the streets.（他寧可沿街乞討，也不愿意用欺騙手段騙取錢(qián)。）

He would rather have the small one than the large one.（他寧可要那個(gè)小的，而不愿要那個(gè)大的。）

第四篇：高中英語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)從句練習(xí)與講解

狀語(yǔ)從句

狀語(yǔ)從句在句中相當(dāng)于副詞做狀語(yǔ),又叫副詞性從句。狀語(yǔ)從句分為時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句、條件狀語(yǔ)從句、地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句、原因狀語(yǔ)從句、目的狀語(yǔ)從句、讓步狀語(yǔ)從句、結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句和比較狀語(yǔ)從句。掌握狀語(yǔ)從句應(yīng)當(dāng)引導(dǎo)詞入手，注意引導(dǎo)詞的詞義,引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞都有詞思,所以,了解引導(dǎo)詞的意思尤為重要。引導(dǎo)詞按意義分為九類(lèi):

1)時(shí)間when , as , while , till , until , before, after , since

2)地點(diǎn)where

3)原因because , as , since , now that

4)條件if , unless , once.so(as)long as.in case

5)讓步though , whatever(--ever)as, even though, even if

6)目的so that, in order that

7)結(jié)果so...that

8)比較than, as..as

9)方式as , as if

例如:

1．I fell asleep when(as , while)he was doing his exercises.他正作練習(xí)時(shí)我睡著了。（時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句）

2．When he arrived in Shanghai , his mother met him at the station.他到上海時(shí)，他媽媽到車(chē)站接他。（時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句）

3．She always sings as she walks.她總是一邊走一邊唱。（時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句）

4．I waited until he had finished his work.我等到他做完活。（時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句）

5．It was not long before he told me about this affair.不久，他就告訴我這件事。（時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句）

6．He has worked very hard since he entered the factory.自從他進(jìn)廠(chǎng)，工作一直很努力。（時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句）

7．After he had finished the work , he went home.他干完活，回家了。（時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句）

8．Where there is a will，there is a way.有志者，事竟成。（地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句）

9．She didn't come to school because she was ill.她由于有病沒(méi)來(lái)上學(xué)。（原因狀語(yǔ)從句）

10．As he did not know much English , he looked up the word in the dictionary.由于他不懂什么英語(yǔ)，所以查字典。（原因狀語(yǔ)從句）

11．Now that(Since)I've told you twice , you must know it.既然我告訴你兩次了，你必須記住。（原因狀語(yǔ)從句）

12．Once he says that , he will do it.一旦他說(shuō)了，他就會(huì)做。（條件狀語(yǔ)從句）

13．Unless I receive the letter from him , I won't write to him again.如果我不收到他的信，就不給他寫(xiě)回信。（條件狀語(yǔ)從句）

14．So long as you work hard , you are sure to succeed.只要你努力工作，就一定能成功。（條件狀語(yǔ)從句）

15．Thoughwewere neither very big nor very strong , we were a good team.雖然我們個(gè)兒不大，身體不壯，但是個(gè)好隊(duì)。（讓步狀語(yǔ)從句）

16．No matter who she is , she'll have to wait.無(wú)論她是誰(shuí)，也得等。（讓步狀語(yǔ)從句）

17．Poor as he was , he was honest.雖然他很窮，但很誠(chéng)實(shí)。（讓步狀語(yǔ)從句）

18．It also shows you the caller's telephone numberin order that you can recognize who it is.它能向你顯示打電話(huà)人的號(hào)碼以便能夠認(rèn)出是誰(shuí)。（目的狀語(yǔ)從句）19．He was so excited that he could not say a word.他如此激動(dòng)以至于說(shuō)不出話(huà)來(lái)。（結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句）20．He works as hard as he used to.他工作與過(guò)去一樣努力。（方式狀語(yǔ)從句）21．You must do as I told you.你必須按我告訴你的去做。（方式狀語(yǔ)從句）

運(yùn)用狀語(yǔ)從句應(yīng)注意的幾個(gè)問(wèn)題:

1)狀語(yǔ)從句中用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替一般將來(lái)時(shí)

2)because不與so連用,表示“因?yàn)?..所以”二者只能選擇其一;though(although)不與but連用,表示“雖然...但是” ,二者只能選擇其一.3)同一引導(dǎo)詞可以引導(dǎo)不同種類(lèi)的從句.如: where

You'll find itwhere it was.(地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句)

Tell me the addresswhere he lives.(定語(yǔ)從句)

I don't knowwhere he came from.(賓語(yǔ)從句)

Where he has goneis not known yet.(主語(yǔ)從句)

This is where they once lived.(表語(yǔ)從句)

since , as, when也分別可以引導(dǎo)不同種類(lèi)的從句.練習(xí)題

I.填入適當(dāng)?shù)囊龑?dǎo)詞

1.I haven't heard from him _____ he went to America.2.He won't be here _____ he is invited.3.He will not go to the cinema _____ he is very busy.4.We found the key _____ she lad left it.5.We found the books two days ____ he had gone away.6.We had no sooner got to the station _____ the train left.7.He speaks English ______ he were an Englishman.8.He is explaining clearly _______ they could understand.9.Do not leave the room _____ you have finished the test.10.She sang ______ she went along.答案：1.since 2.unless 3.because 4.where 5.after 6.than 7.as if8.so that9.before 10.as II.改錯(cuò)

1.The children were running on the playground as fast as they can.2.Since her husband had died , so she had to supporther family.3.He won't go out until his mother will come.4.He was very foolish that he didn't pass such an easy exam.5.Tom had gone out as soon as his mother got home.6.It was three months since he came to our school.7.The playground of our school is larger than their school.8.The streets in Nanjing are wider than Shanghai.9.Whatever there is plenty of sun and rain , the fields are green.10.She singssongsas ifshe is a bird.答案：1.can改為could 2.去掉so 3.will come改為comes 4.very改為so 5.as soon as改為when 6.was改為is 7.than之后加上that of8.than后加those in9.whatever改為wherever 10.is改為were

III.找出從句并指出是那類(lèi)從句

1.It depends on whether we have enough time.2.The question he asked was where the electrical equipment should be stored.3.The mountain is no longer what it used to be.4.The fact that she works hard is well known to us all.5.He wasnotthe man that he was before.6.Nowyou was free , why not go swimming with us ?

7.Where there are schools and colleges , there are examinations.8.Bad habits , once firmed , are difficult to give up.9.She often wears the same kind of skirt as her twin sister does..The moment he opened the window , a bird flew in.答案：

1.whether we have enough time介詞賓語(yǔ)從句

2.he asked定語(yǔ)從句where the electrical equipment should be stored表語(yǔ)從句

3.what it used to be表語(yǔ)從句

4.that she works hard同位語(yǔ)從句

5.that he was before定語(yǔ)從句

6.Nowyou was free讓步狀語(yǔ)從句now= now that

7.Where there are schools and colleges地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句

8.once firmed時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句

9.as her twin sister does定語(yǔ)從句

10.The moment he opened the window時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句

IV.填入適當(dāng)?shù)囊龑?dǎo)詞完成句子

1.____ will do the experiment comes to the professor's office.2.___ will do the experiment hasn't been decided.3.The teacher didn't leave ______ twelve o'clock.4.______ the day went on , the weather got worse.5._____ she is young , she knows quite a lot.6.It worried her a bit ____ her hair was turning grey.7.You will be late ____ you leave immediately.8.Go and get your coat.It's ______ you left it.9.______ is mentioned above , the number of the students in senior high schools is increasing.10.____ had I entered the room ____ the phone rang.答案：1.Whoever 2.Who 3.until 4.As 5.Although 6.that 7.unless 8.where 9.As 10 Hardly, when(No sooner , than)V.改錯(cuò)

1.Is this the watch for which he is looking now ?

2.This is all which I can do for you.3.Do you know the old man at the back of the room, whom has been chosen head of the factory.4.I want to know the way which you learn new words.5.Can you tell me that there's a bookstore near here ?

6.Our school quite different from that it was before.7.If she likes the present is not clear to me.8.For she is ill , shehasn't come to school.9.It gave him so a big shock that his face turned pale.10.He is cleverer than any boy in his class.答案：1.for放在looking之后2.which改為that3.whom改為who 4.which改為how 5.that改為whether 6.that改為what 7.If改為Whether 8.For改為Because 9.so改為such 10.any后加other

第五篇：2013年高考定語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)從句解析

2013年高考英語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)從句試題分類(lèi)解析

【2013新課標(biāo)I卷】33.”You can’t judge a book by its cover,”_______.A.as the saying goes oldB.goes as the old saying

C.as the old saying goesD.goes as old the saying

【答案】C

【解析】考查定語(yǔ)從句。考查as引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，意為：正如古語(yǔ)所說(shuō)。

【2013新課標(biāo)II卷】4.When I arrived, Bryan took me to see the house________ Iwould be staying.A.whatB.whenC.whereD.which

【答案】C

【解析】考查定語(yǔ)從句。定語(yǔ)從句中stay為不及物動(dòng)詞，故不缺主干成分，用關(guān)系副詞；先行詞為house，指地點(diǎn)，故用關(guān)系副詞where。

【2013湖南】21.Happiness and success often come to those ________ are good at recognizing their own strengths.A.whomB.whoC.whatD.which

【答案】B

【解析】考查定語(yǔ)從句。先行詞為those，指人；定語(yǔ)從句中缺少主語(yǔ)，故使用關(guān)系代詞who。

【2013江西】33.He wrote a letter ______ he explains what had happened in the accident.A.whatB.whichC.whereD.how

【答案】C

【解析】考查定語(yǔ)從句。先判斷從句類(lèi)型為定語(yǔ)從句，定語(yǔ)從句中謂語(yǔ)explain后接what引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句作賓語(yǔ)，因此不缺少主干成分，排除B項(xiàng)，答案為C。

【2013福建】27.The book tells stories of the earthquake through the eyes of those _______ lives were affected.A.whoseB.thatC.whoD.which

【答案】A

【解析】考查定語(yǔ)從句。其中those作為先行詞，定語(yǔ)從句中缺少lives的定語(yǔ)，故用whose。

【2013江蘇】32.The president of the World Bank says he has a passion for China__________, he remembers starting as early as his childhood.A.whereB.whichC.whatD.when

【答案】B

【解析】考查定語(yǔ)從句。先行詞為passion，定語(yǔ)從句中缺少賓語(yǔ)，故用關(guān)系代詞which。

【2013遼寧】34.He may win the competition, _____ he is likely to get into the national team.A.in which caseB.in that caseC.in what caseD.in whose case

【答案】A

【解析】考查定語(yǔ)從句。兩分句間無(wú)連詞，故排除B項(xiàng)（不能用作連詞，in this/ that case用于并列句中）。此處which指代前面主句，in which case引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句用語(yǔ)替代并列句中的in this/ that case。句意為：他可能贏(yíng)得這場(chǎng)比賽，如果這樣的話(huà)，他就可能進(jìn)入國(guó)家隊(duì)。

【2013北京】27.Many countries are now setting up national parks_________ animals and plants can be protected.A.whenB.whichC.whoseD.where

【答案】D

【解析】考查定語(yǔ)從句。定語(yǔ)從句中不缺少主干成分，故使用關(guān)系副詞；先行詞指地點(diǎn)，故選where。

【2013山東】31.There is no simple answer, _____ is often the case in science.A.asB.that C.when D.where

【答案】A

【解析】考查定語(yǔ)從句。此處as引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句指代整個(gè)主句內(nèi)容，含有“正如”之意，定語(yǔ)從句部分譯為“在科學(xué)上這是常有的事”。

【2013山東】35.Finally he reached a lonely island _________ was completely cut off from the outside world.A.whenB.whereC.which D.whom

【答案】C

【解析】考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意為：最后他到達(dá)一個(gè)完QQ： 1084591801 首發(fā)全與世隔絕的孤島。定語(yǔ)從句中缺少主語(yǔ)，因此使用關(guān)系代詞；先行詞island指物，故使用關(guān)系代詞which.【2013陜西】16._____is often the case with children, Amy was better by the time the doctor arrived.A.ItB.ThatC.WhatD.As

【答案】D

【解析】考查定語(yǔ)從句。此處as引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句位于主句之前，指代整個(gè)主句內(nèi)容。意為：正如孩子們常有的情況一樣，醫(yī)生到的時(shí)候Amy就好了。

【2013四川】9.Nowadays people are more concerned about the environment ______ they live.A.whatB.whichC.whenD.where

【答案】D

【解析】考查定語(yǔ)從句。此處先判斷從句類(lèi)型為定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞為the environment，定語(yǔ)從句中l(wèi)ive為不及物動(dòng)詞，因此不缺少主干成分，應(yīng)填關(guān)系副詞；且先行詞environment指地點(diǎn)，故用where，相當(dāng)于in which。

【2013天津】6.We have launched another man-made satellite, _____ is announced in today’s newspaper.A.thatB.whichC.whoD.what

【答案】B

【解析】考查定語(yǔ)從句。此處關(guān)系代詞which指代整個(gè)主句引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。翻譯為：我們又發(fā)射了一顆人造衛(wèi)星，這是在今天的報(bào)紙上宣布的。故答案選B。

【2013浙江】5.The children, ______ had played the whole day long, were worn out.A.all of whatB.all of whichC.all of themD.all of whom

【答案】D

【解析】考查定語(yǔ)從句。先判斷為定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞為children，故答案為D。

【2013浙江】13.The museum will open in the spring with an exhibition and a viewing platform ______ visitors can watch the big glasshouses being built.A.whatB.whereC.whenD.why

【答案】B

【解析】考查定語(yǔ)從句。定語(yǔ)從句中不缺少主干成分，且先行詞platform指地點(diǎn)，故用where。

【2013重慶】24.John invited about 40 people to his wedding, most of _____ are family members.A themB.thatC.whichD.whom

【答案】D

【解析】考查定語(yǔ)從句。先行詞為40 people，定語(yǔ)從句中缺少主語(yǔ)，故使用whom。介詞之后不能用that，應(yīng)予以排除；which指先行詞為物；them為人稱(chēng)代詞，應(yīng)用于并列句中。

【2013安徽】29.Mo Yan was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 2012, ___made one of the Chinese people’s long-held dreams come true.A.itB.thatC.whatD.which

【答案】D

【解析】考查定語(yǔ)從句。此處which指代前面整個(gè)主句內(nèi)容引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。句意：莫言2012年被授予諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)，使中國(guó)長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)的夢(mèng)想之一成為現(xiàn)實(shí)。

2013年高考英語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)從句試題分類(lèi)解析

【2013年新課標(biāo)I卷】33.“You can’t judge a book by its cover,” ________.A.as the saying goes oldB.goes as the old saying

C.as the old saying goesD.goes as old the saying

【答案】C 本題考查as引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句。go old意思是“變老”，和題意不符，故排除選項(xiàng)A。選項(xiàng)B和D顯然使用了全倒裝語(yǔ)序，但本句不滿(mǎn)足條件，不可能作為本題的正確答案。所以最佳答案是選項(xiàng)C，其中的as引導(dǎo)一個(gè)方式狀語(yǔ)從句，意思是“如??一樣”。

【2013年上海卷】30.They promised to develop a software package by the end of this year, ______ they might have.A.however difficult

C.whatever difficultyB.how difficult D.what difficulty

.答案：C解析：題干的意思是：“他們承諾，無(wú)論可能有什么困難，到今年底都要開(kāi)發(fā)出一個(gè)軟件包”。本題是一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句，由句意“無(wú)論”可知是讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，從而排除選項(xiàng)B，D。從句中的關(guān)鍵詞是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞have，用還原法，可知是短語(yǔ)have difficulty，所以從句為whatever difficulty they might have。如果選B，則從句要改為：however difficult it might be。

【2013年安徽卷】23.It’s much easier to make friends ______ you have similar interests.A.unless B.when C.even though D.so that

【答案】B。本題考查狀語(yǔ)從句的連詞。本題可以把四個(gè)選項(xiàng)分別放到空處，其中只有選項(xiàng)B能使語(yǔ)意通順，為正確答案；其他三個(gè)選項(xiàng)的意思分別是“除非”，“即使”，“以便”，都不合乎句意，排除。

【2013年北京卷】30.I took my driving license with me on holiday, ______ I wanted to hire a car.A.in case B.even if C.ever since D.if only

【答案】A。本題考查狀語(yǔ)從句的連詞。本題的解題關(guān)鍵是弄清“我?guī)я{照”跟“租車(chē)之間”之間的邏輯關(guān)系，這樣正確答案就很容易鎖定了。

【2013年湖南卷】23．You must learn to consult your feelings and your reason______ you reach any decision.A．a(chǎn)lthoughB．beforeC．becauseD．unless

【答案】B?？疾闋钫Z(yǔ)從句。解題思路：理清邏輯關(guān)系。對(duì)比reach any decision 和consult your feelings and your reason關(guān)系，不難看出，兼顧好情感與理智在前，做任何決定在后。

【2013年江蘇卷】28.In the global economy, a new drug for cancer, ______ it is discovered, will create many economic possibilities around the world.A.whatever B.whoever C.wherever D.whichever

【答案】 C。本題考查讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。在狀語(yǔ)從句_____ it is discovered中，不缺少任何主要成分，所以引導(dǎo)詞只能在從句中作狀語(yǔ)，只可以選擇副詞性質(zhì)的，所以答案很明顯，選C。

【2013年遼寧卷】24.One can always manage to do more things, no matter____ full one’s schedule is in life.A.howB.whatC.whenD.where

【答案】 A。本題考查讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中，no matter how=however。根據(jù)how+adj./adv.的原則，本題中full是形容詞，所以選擇A。

【2013年陜西卷】18.I have heard a lot of good things about you ______ I came back from abroad.A.sinceB.untilC.beforeD.when

【答案】 A。本題考查狀語(yǔ)從句的連詞?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)的其中一個(gè)用法是表示一個(gè)動(dòng)作“從過(guò)去的某個(gè)時(shí)候發(fā)生，一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在”，從本句中的主句是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，從句是一般過(guò)去時(shí)來(lái)看，整個(gè)句子表達(dá)的正是這樣的一個(gè)動(dòng)作，故連詞用since；如果用until或者before，則主句表示的動(dòng)作都是發(fā)生在從句之前，都應(yīng)該用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，排除B，C；如果用when，則主句應(yīng)該用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，排除D。

【2013年四川卷】7.He is so busy.He cannot afford enough time with his son ______ he wants to.A.even ifB.as ifC.becauseD.before

【答案】 A。本題考查狀語(yǔ)從句。句子的前段說(shuō)他不能騰出時(shí)間，后段說(shuō)他想，前后之間明顯是讓步關(guān)系，“即使想，也不能”，故正確答案是even if。其他三個(gè)選項(xiàng)的意思分別是好像，因?yàn)椋凇?，均不合句意，排除?/p>

【2013年重慶卷】25.______ we have enough evidence, we can't win the case.A.Once B.As long as C.Unless D.Since

【答案】C。本題考查狀語(yǔ)從句的連詞。“我們有足夠的證據(jù)”和“我們不能贏(yíng)得這個(gè)案子”之間的關(guān)系有可能是兩種：（1）讓步關(guān)系；（2）否定前面的意思。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，沒(méi)有表讓步關(guān)系的although/though,，那么答案就應(yīng)該是否定前面的意思，用unless，“如果我們沒(méi)有……，我們就不能……”；其他三個(gè)連詞明顯與句意不符，排除。