第一篇：2007年10月自學(xué)考試英語(二)試題

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全國2007年10月自學(xué)考試英語

（二）試題

課程代碼：00015

本試卷分為兩部分，滿分100分，考試時間150分鐘。

第一部分為選擇題，1頁至7頁，共7頁。應(yīng)考者必須在“答題卡”上按要求填涂，不能答在試卷上。

第二部分為非選擇題，8頁至9頁，共2頁。應(yīng)考者必須在“答題紙”上答題。PART ONE（50 POINTS）

Ⅰ.Vocabulary and Structure(10 points, 1 point for each item)

從下列各句四個選項中選出一個最佳答案，并在答題卡上將相應(yīng)的字母涂黑。1．It makes good＿to bring an umbrella;it seems to be raining today.A.sense

B．reason

C.suggestion D.advice 2．If you are too＿of your children, they will never learn to deal with difficulties in life.A.respective B.detective

C．protective D．effective.3．His intelligence will＿h(yuǎn)im to get a scholarship to college.A.enable B.persuade

C.suggest D.employ 4．The professor asked a question, and David＿a good answer.A.put up with B.stood up for

C．came up with D．looked down upon 5．No sooner had we reached home＿a violent storm broke out.A.when B.that

C．until D．than 6．People differ＿one another＿their ability to handle stress.════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════

享受網(wǎng)絡(luò) 享受學(xué)習(xí)中國遠(yuǎn)程教育領(lǐng)航者

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A.from...to

B．from...in

C.for...in

D.in...from 7．They should try to＿their usual inhibitions and join in the fun.A.send off B．lay aside

C．take to

D.turn off 8．During the past two decades, research has＿our knowledge of daydreaming.A.expanded B.emerged

C.descended D.conquered 9．The students are required to＿the main ideas of the article in their own words.A.symbolize

B.minimize

C．synchronize D.summarize 10．The outline of rooftops and chimneys＿against the pale sky.A.pulled out B.looked out

C．held out

D．stood out Ⅱ．Cloze Test(10 points, 1 point for each item)

下列短文中有＋個空白，每個空白有四個選項。根據(jù)上下文要求選出最佳答案，并在答題卡上將相應(yīng)的字母涂黑。

Curiosity is not only a possible motivation, it is also a great help in your learning languages.Remember that a language is not 11 a grammatical system.It is the 12 of a certain culture of different cultures.It is no good 13 strings of words and lists of grammatical rules 14 you know as much as possible about the background of the language, so that you can understand the ideas conveyed and the references made, as well as the inferences which can 15 the information clearly given.So learn as much as you can about the different cultures which 16 English-watch television programs, listen to the radio, try to obtain 17 and magazines written by native speakers, look at advertisements, and, above all, read-not textbooks, 18 novels, poems and plays.They will show you how a language is 19 used.The English language is a living form of expression which derives much of its 20 from the context, and much of its effect from a whole network of extra-linguistic knowledge.11．A.just B.even C.so D.that ════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════

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12．A.outlook B.outcome C.outset D.outline

13．A.have learnt B.learn C.learning D.learnt

14．A．since B．until C．when D．unless

15．A．be carried over B．be freed from C．be held up D．be drawn from

16．A．influence B．a(chǎn)bandon C．restore D.furnish

17．A.film B.television C．radio D.newspapers

18．A．but B．or C．a(chǎn)nd D．a(chǎn)s

19．A．occasionally B．really C．casually D．scarcely

20．A．structure B．implication C．meaning D．indication Ⅲ．Reading Comprehension(30 points, 2 points for each item)

從下列每篇短文的問題后所給的四個選擇項中選出一個最佳答案，并在答題卡上將相應(yīng)的字母涂黑。

Passage One Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.How often one hears children wishing they were grown up, and old people wishing they were young again.Each age has its pleasures and its pains, and the happiest person is the one who enjoys what each age gives him without wasting his time in useless regrets.Childhood is a time when there are few responsibilities.If a child has good parents, he is well fed, looked after and loved.It is unlikely that he will ever again in his life be given so much without having to do anything in return.In addition, life is always presenting new things to the child-things that have lost their interest for older people because they are too well known.A child finds pleasure in playing in the rain, or in the snow.His first visit to the seaside is a marvelous adventure．But a child has his pains：he is not so free to do as he wishes as he thinks older people are;he is continually being told what to do and what not to do．Therefore, a child is not happy as he wishes to be.When the young man starts to earn his own living, he becomes free from the discipline of school and parents;but at the same time he is forced to accept．responsibilities.With no one to pay for his food, his clothes, or his room, he has to work if he wants to live comfortably.If he spends most of his time playing about in the way that he used to as a child, he will go hungry.And if he breaks the laws of society as he used to break the laws of his parents, he may get himself into trouble.If, however, he works hard, goes by the law and has good health, he may feel satisfied in seeing himself ════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════

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make steady progress in his job and in building up for himself his own position in society.Old age has always been thought of as the worst age to be;but it is not necessary for the old to be unhappy.With old age comes wisdom and the ability to help others with advice wisely given.The old can have the joy of seeing their children making progress in life;they can watch their grandchildren growing up around them;and, perhaps best of all, they can, if their life has been a useful one, feel the happiness of having come through the battle of life safely and of having reached a time when they can lie back and rest, leaving everything to others.21．The happiest people should be those who A．face up to difficulties in life B．hope to be young again C．enjoy life in different ages D．wish to be grown up 22．The word “they” in Line 5，Para.2 refers to＿． A．older people B．new things C．children D．interests 23 ．A child has his pains because＿． A．he can not do whatever he wants to B．he is not allowed to play in rain C．he has a lot of new things to learn D.he can not play at the seaside freely 24．When a child becomes a grown-up, he is supposed to＿． A．live comfortably B．take responsibilities C．make progress in job D．impress the society 25．The best title of the passage might be＿．

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A．Pains and Ages B．Differences in Ages C．The Best Age to Be D．Happiness and Ages

Passage Two Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.We all know that humans are damaging the environment, but what can we do about it? Some people are trying to do their bit to be more environmentally friendly.Local councils in Britain encourage certain aspects of green living, such as recycling paper, tin, plastic and glass.They want to reduce the amount of rubbish going into landfill sites（填埋場），because they are running out of places to dump（傾倒）rubbish.In some areas rubbish for recycling is collected from your doorstep, but in other areas, you have to take it to a special recycling place, such as a bottle bank.Another way of reducing the amount of rubbish you create is to use reusable products instead of disposable ones For example, some people use strong shopping bags or boxes for their groceries instead of plastic carrier bags, or use washable nappies instead of disposables.More people are becoming interested in reducing their carbon footprint—the amount of carbon they use up.They try to reduce their carbon emissions（釋放）by cycling, using public transport or an electric car, rather than driving gas-consuming vehicles.Some people choose not to fly for holiday trips because planes are the biggest producers of carbon emissions.You can make‘green’ choices when buying food too.It's best to buy food which was locally grown or produced so that it hasn't been imported by air, or shipped by road from far away.Houses can be environmentally friendly too.It takes less energy to heat a house if it has good insulation（絕緣，隔熱）and double glazing(雙層玻璃）．You can also create your own energy it you have solar panels or a wind turbine fitted though these can be expensive.You can also save water by using a rain water container for washing the car or watering the garden.It's even possible to use a system where‘grey water’—water which has been through a tap（水龍頭）once already, is used to flush（沖洗）toilets.Some new housing projects are being built specifically to be as environmentally friendly as possible.════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════

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26．The purpose of collecting reusable wastes is to＿．

A．save energy consumed in daily life

B．reduce the amount of rubbish dumped

C．create a new way of green living

D．decrease the amount of carbon produced 27．In order to cut down on the carbon emission, more people choose to travel＿．

A．by electric car, bicycle or plane

B．by private car, bicycle or bus

C．by bus, electric car or plane

D．by bicycle, bus or electric car 28．It is best for people to buy food＿when making‘green’ choices.A．produced locally B．imported abroad C．transported by road D．grown in green houses 29．As mentioned,‘grey water’ can be used to＿，A．wash the car B．water the garden C．clean the toilet D．dispose of wastes 30．The passage is intended to advise people＿． A．to make use of rubbish B．to save energy and water C．to recycle reusable products D．to have a green living Passage Three Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════

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Americans are a very energetic and mobile people, always on the run;rushing from one appointment to another, from a PTA(Parent Teacher Association)meeting to a social planning committee.They have very little time to spend preparing elaborate（精致的，復(fù)雜的）everyday meals to be eaten at leisure.In many homes it is rare for the whole family to sit down at supper together.Clubs and committees force them to grab a quick meal rather than a sit-down supper.When they do have the chance to eat at home, often the working housewife prefers to prepare meals that can be quickly heated and consumed.It is no wonder, therefore, that America has become a shelter for fast food consumption.This great transformation occurred after World War Ⅱ when many women began to work full time and spend less time at home with their families.Women, however, wanted to function well in the capacity of homemaker, as well as that of career woman but time became a precious commodity（商品）which had to be carefully used.Therefore, it was necessary to make her life easier at home in the preparation of the family dinner.Simultaneously with women entering the job market there was also a shifting of the focus of home entertainment from the radio to the television.Television became the latest fashion in the 1950s and no one wanted to miss his or her favorite programs.And then, the place for supper shifted from the dining room to the living room.As the customs changed, so did the culture.The immediate solution for this was the invention of the TV dinner.These were frozen meals which were divided into portions of meat and vegetables.They could easily be put into an oven（鍋）and prepared within minutes.The tin trays（托盤）in which they were served were conveniently carried into the living room and dinner was consumed in front of a TV set.Cleaning up afterwards was no problem.The tin trays were easily thrown into the garbage.From fast dinners at home the next step was quick eating while on the road.Love for TV was combined with the fascination for the automobile.It is not odd that with the development of the superhighways America saw the beginning of fast food chains.McDonald's paved the way with its variety of burgers and cold drinks soon to be followed by all kinds of other foods.Today dozens of fast-food chain stores can be found along highways, in modern shopping malls and scattered throughout neighborhoods in America.Taco Bell, Pizza Hut, Roy Roger's, Burger King and Wendy's are just a few of the fast-food chains which are now part of American culture． They offer chicken, donuts, tacos and pizza, all quickly produced in great quantities for the masses.These establishments have given shape to the modern lifestyles and diet of the American people.════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════

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31．In America, the whole family seldom have dinner together at home because＿． A．they have so many social activities B．they have a lot of meetings to attend C．they rush from one appointment to another D．they often move from one place to another 32．America has become a shelter for fast food consumption because A．some women are engaged in entertainments B．few women are able to make meals at home C．women are unwilling to cook for their families D．many women are mostly occupied with work 33．The passage tells that nowadays Americans have their supper＿． A．in the dinning room B．in the living room C．in the grocery stores D．in the fast food chains 34．The word “establishments” in the last paragraph probably means＿． A．fast foods B．TV dinners C．shopping malls D．snack bars 35．The main idea of the passage is about＿.A．women's role in American families B．a(chǎn)dvantages of fast food for Americans C．modern lifestyles and diet in America D．shift of American home entertainment PART TWO（50 POINTS）

Iv．Word Spelling(10 points, 1 point for two items)════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════

享受網(wǎng)絡(luò) 享受學(xué)習(xí)中國遠(yuǎn)程教育領(lǐng)航者

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將下列漢語單詞譯成英語。每個單詞的詞類、首字母及字母數(shù)目均已給出。

請將完整的單詞寫在答題紙上。

36.角力，摔跤 vi w_ _ _ _ _ _

37．打哈欠 vi.y_ _ _ 38．天氣，氣象 n.w_ _ _ _ _ _

39．志愿者，志愿兵 n.V_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 40.唯一的，獨特的a.u_ _ _ _ _

41．打字機n.t_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 42．絆跌，絆倒vi.S_ _ _ _ _ _

43．保持，保留n.r_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 44．提及，參考n.r_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

45．預(yù)期的，未來的a.p_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 46．忽略，眺望vt.o_ _ _ _ _ _ _

47.功能的，實用的a.f_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 48．部長，大臣n.m_ _ _ _ _ _ _

49．使地方化vt.l_ _ _ _ _ _ _ 50．夾克衫n.j_ _ _ _ _

51．注射，針劑n.i_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 52．女主人n.h_ _ _ _ _ _

53．真正的，真誠的a.g_ _ _ _ _ _ 54．侄子，外甥n.n_ _ _ _ _

55．懷疑的，可疑的a.d_ _ _ _ _ _ _ V．Word Form(10 points, 1 point for each item)

將括號中的各詞變?yōu)檫m當(dāng)?shù)男问教钊肟瞻?。答案寫在答題紙上。56．I would play football with you if I＿20 years younger.(be)57．Just as she was about＿，she was handed a note．(speak)58．I don't want to make a show of＿before strangers.(Ⅰ)59．__is the mother of invention.This is remarkably true.(Necessary)60．The mayor gave a＿speech to call up the citizens against pollution.(convince)61．He was hurt by a flower vase＿from the balcony（陽臺）．(drop)62．Neither the prices nor the quality＿in the last contract.(specify)63．The beauty of the place is beyond＿．(describe)64．It is the first time I＿with native speakers in English.(talk)65．The family spent a＿h(yuǎn)oliday in the country last month.(delight)Ⅵ．Translation from Chinese into English(15 points, 3 points for each item)

將下列各句譯成英語并將答案寫在答題紙上。

66.上周末的音樂會上，那位歌唱家的演唱由她的學(xué)生擔(dān)任鋼琴伴奏。

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67.那些年輕人盡了全力才達到了他們的目標(biāo)。68.全家人都同意去澳大利亞過新年。

69．直到最近我才意識到語言與文化密切相關(guān)。70．科學(xué)技術(shù)從未像現(xiàn)在這樣高速發(fā)展。Ⅶ．Translation from English into Chinese(15 points)

將下列短文譯成漢語并將答案寫在答題紙上。

Books are to mankind what memory is to the individual.They contain the history of our race, the discoveries we have made, the accumulated knowledge and experience of ages．They picture for us the marvels and beauties of nature, help us out of difficulty, comfort us in sorrow, change hours of tiredness into moments of delight, fill our minds with good ideas and happy thoughts, and lift us out of and above ourselves.And also, books can help transport us to mountains or the seashore, and visit the most beautiful parts of the earth, without fatigue, inconvenience, or expense.In a sense they give us an even more vivid idea than the actual reality.So, precious and priceless are the blessings which the books scatter around our daily paths．We walk, in imagination, with noblest spirits, through the most fascinating regions.查看《英語

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第二篇：全國自學(xué)考試英語二考試試題及答案解析

上大學(xué)就上004km.cn 高等教育自學(xué)考試全國統(tǒng)一命題考試

英語

（二）（試卷）

課程代碼：0015 本試卷分為兩部分，滿分100分；考試時間為150分鐘。

第一部分為選擇題，共50分。應(yīng)考者必須在“答題卡”上按要求填涂，不能答在試卷上。第二部分為非選擇題，共50分。應(yīng)考者必須將答案寫在“答題紙”的相應(yīng)位置上，否則不計分。

PART ONE（50 POINTS）

Ⅰ、Vocabulary and Structure（10 points，1 point for each item）從下列各句四個選項中選出一個最佳答案，并在答題卡上將相應(yīng)的字母涂黑。

1.Wouldn’t you rather your child ______ successful with his study and won the scholarship？

A.became B.become C.would become D.becomes 2.Although Tom is satisfied with his academic achievement，he wonders_______will happen to his family life.A.it B.that C.what D.this 3.We hope that all the measures against sandstorms，________ was put forward by the committee，will be considered seriously at the meeting.A.while B.after C.since D.as 4.We cannot leave this tough job to a person_________.A.who nobody has confidence B.in whom nobody has confidence C.for whom nobody has confidence D.who everyone has confidence of 5.You are the best for the job _____ you apply your mind to it.A.until B.if only C.in case D.unless 6.Hey，leave_____！I hate people touching my hair.A.behind B.out C.off D.over 7.I thought the problem of water shortage would ________ at the meeting but nobody mentioned it.上大學(xué)就上004km.cn A.come up B.come up to C.come over D.come to 8.Mr.Smith，can I ________ you for a minute？ I’d like to hear your opinion on this issue.A.say a word with B.have words with C.mention a word with D.have a word with 9.There is a deadlock（僵局）in the discussion when neither side gives ________ to the other.A.a way B.way C.the way D.its way 10.This type of desk and chair can be adjusted ________ the height of students at different ages.A.with B.for C.to D.in Ⅱ、Cloze Test（10 points，1 point for each item）

下列短文中有十個空白，每個空白有四個選項。根據(jù)上下文要求選出最佳答案，并在答題卡上將相應(yīng)的字母涂黑。

For over a hundred years Japan has consistently spent large sums of money and considerable human resources in an effort to obtain technology.Her ability to negotiate __11______ by the fact that most of the technology she wanted was no commercial secrets.Japan’s _____12____has also been strengthened by the fact that her internal market was large，so that _13______ to this market could be offered to multinational companies as an attraction to them to grant licenses.Besides，Japan’s work force was disciplined，so it was capable __14___ applying the information it acquired.Finally，American and European companies，who were _15________licensers，felt that the Japanese companies might take a large share of the world market __16______ they were not limited by licensing agreement.Conditions of this sort，____17____ together in one nation，may well be unique，and the case of Japan may therefore not actually demonstrate that licensing is just as efficient as multinational ownership for the _18_______ of technology.In fact，Japan may be finding this method of operation __19______effective than in the past，as her needs for outside technology now require information which _20_______ only

上大學(xué)就上004km.cn a few companies and is more closely held.11.A.was strengthened B.will be strengthened C.will have been strengthened D.has been strengthened 12.A.position B.location C.place D.point 13.A.entry B.access C.presence D.acceptance 14.A.at B.in C.for D.of 15.A.potential B.feasible C.liable D.inevitable 16.A.until B.before C.if D.after 17.A.came B.come C.will come D.coming 18.A.transformation B.transfer C.transmission D.shift 19.A.much B.little C.less D.more 20.A.sticks to B.belongs to C.draws on D.takes on Ⅲ、Reading Comprehension（30 points，2 points for each item）從下列每篇短文的問題后所給的四個選擇項中選出一個最佳答案，并在答題卡上將相應(yīng)的字母涂黑。Passage One Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.One day，the principal came into our room and，after talking to the teacher，for some reason said ：“I wish all of the white scholars to stand for a moment.”I rose with the others.The teacher looked at me and，calling my name，said：“You sit down for the present，and rise with the others.”I did not quite understand her.She repeated ：“Yous it down now，and rise with the others.”I sat down puzzled and dumb.I saw and heard nothing.When the others were asked to rise，I did not know it.When school was dismissed，I went out unconsciously.A few of the white boys laughed at me，saying：“Oh，you’re a nigger，too.”

I hurried on as fast as I could to where my looking –glass hung on the wall in my own little room.For an instant I was afraid to look，but when I did，I looked long and earnestly.I was accustomed to hearing remarks about my beauty； but now，for the first time，I became conscious of it and recognized it.I noticed the ivory（象牙）whiteness of my skin，the beauty of my mouth，the size and liquid darkness of my eyes.I ran downstairs and rushed to where my mother was sitting.I buried

上大學(xué)就上004km.cn my head in her lap and cried out：“Mother，tell me，am I a nigger ？”I could not see her face，but I felt her hands on my head.I looked up into her face.There were tears in her eyes and I could see that she was suffering for me.And then it was that I looked at her critically for the first time.I had thought of her in a childish way only as the most beautiful woman in the world； now I looked at her searching for defects.I could see that her skin was almost brown，and that she did differ in some way from the other ladies who came to the house； yet，even so I could see that she was more beautiful than any of them.She must have felt that I was examining her，for she hid her face in my hair and said with difficulty：“No，my darling，you are not a nigger.”She went on ：“If anyone calls you a nigger，don’t notice them.”But the more she talked，the less was I reassured，and I stopped her by asking ：“Well，mother，am I white ？ Are you white？” She answered tremblingly：“No，I am not white，but your father is one of the greatest men in the country.The best blood of the South is in you.”This suddenly opened up in my heart a fresh fear，and I almost fiercely demanded：“Who is my father ？ Where is he ？”She stroked my hair and said ：“I’ll tell you about him some day.”I sobbed：“I want to know now.”She answered：“No，not now.” 21.We can infer from the passage that “a nigger ”means________.A.a white person B.a black person C.anyone that is not white D.anyone that is not black 22.When the teacher asked him to sit down and rise with the others，the author was confused because_________.A.he never considered himself a non-white person B.he thought the teacher didn’t recognize him C.he thought he should be considered a scholar D.he thought it rude for the teacher to call his name 23.It was on that day that he began to realize that _________.A.he was a nigger B.he was different from others because of his beauty C.his color was like that of his mother

上大學(xué)就上004km.cn D.he differed from other white people even with his beauty 24.From the passage we can learn that _________.A.the boy‘s father left them for some reasons B.the boy‘s mother didn’t want to mention his father at all C.the boy never met his father before D.the boy‘s mother hated his father 25.This passage generally tells us a story of ________.A.a boy who suddenly realized that he was a colored person B.a boy who had been looked down upon because he had no father C.the miserable life of colored people D.the life of a one-parent family Passage Two Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.For Americans，time is a “resource” that，like water or coal，can be used well or poorly.“Time is money，” they say.“You only get so much time in this life； you’d best use it wisely.” The future will not be better than the past or the present unless people use their time fro constructive，future-oriented activities.Thus，Americans admire a “well-organized” person，one who has a written list of things to do and a schedule for doing them.The ideal person is punctual and treasures other people’s time.The American attitude towards time is not necessarily shared by others，especially non-Europeans.They are more likely to consider time as something that is simply there around them，not something they can “use”。One of the more difficult things many foreign businessmen and students must adjust to in the States is the notion that time must be saved whenever possible and used wisely every day.In their efforts to use their time wisely，Americans are sometimes seen by foreign visitors as automatons，unhuman creatures who are so tied to their clocks and their schedules that they cannot participate in or enjoy the human interactions that are the truly important things in life.“They are like little machines running around，” one foreign visitor said.上大學(xué)就上004km.cn The emphasis Americans place on efficiency is closely related to their concepts of the future，change and time.To do something efficiently is to do it in the way that is quickest and requires the smallest investment of resources.American businesses sometimes hire “efficiency experts” to review their operations and suggest ways in which they could accomplish more than they are currently accomplishing with the resources they are investing.Popular periodicals carry suggestions for more efficient ways to clean house，raise children，tend the yard，and so on.In this context the “fast-food industry” can be seen as a clear example of an American cultural product.McDonald’s，Kentucky Fried Chicken，Pizza Hut，and other fast-food establishments prosper in a country where many people want to minimize the amount of time they spend preparing and eating meals.The millions of Americans who take their meals at fast-food restaurants cannot have much interest in lingering over their food while conversing with friends，as millions of Europeans do.As McDonald’s restaurants have spread around the world，they have been viewed as symbols of American society and culture，bringing not just hamburgers but an emphasis on speed，efficiency，and shiny cleanliness.The typical American food，some observers argue，is fast food.26.If a person treasures other people’s time，he.A.does not waste people’s time with conversation or activity that has no beneficial outcome B.does not believe the future will be any better than the present or the past C.likes to deep a written schedule of the daily activities with him D.likes to have his meals at the fast-food restaurants to save time 27.In the eyes of the foreign visitors in the States，American people.A.think that time is always there which needs budgeting B.enjoy saving and using time wisely everyday C.are indifferent in that they are like feelingless machines D.are so fully engaged that they are unable to enjoy the important things in life 28.What is the job of an efficiency expert？

上大學(xué)就上004km.cn A.Writing articles for periodicals.B.Recommending ways of efficient investment C.Examining the quality of a company‘s products D.Teaching people how to take care of their yard 29.Which of the following can be inferred from the last paragraph？ A.Many Americans love having meals at fast-food restaurants B.Americans are busier than other people in the world C.The American fast-food industry helps spread the American culture around the world D.The United States is the father of the world’s fast-food industry 30.The best title for this passage is A.The American Concept of Time B.The Development of the American Fast Food Industry C.How to Raise Efficiency D.The American Food and Culture Passage Three Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.It is difficult to estimate the number of youngsters involved in home schooling，where children are not sent to school and receive their formal education from one or both parents.Legislation and court decisions have make it legally possible in most states for parents to educate their children at home，and each year more people take advantage of that opportunity.Supporters of home education claim that it is less expensive and far more efficient than mass public education.Moreover they quote several merits： relief of school overcrowding，added curricular and pedagogical（課程和教學(xué)法）alternatives，strengthened family relationships，lower dropout rates，increased motivation，higher standardized test scores，and reduced discipline problems.Supporters of home schooling also believe that it provides the parents with the opportunity to reinforce their moral values through education.Critics of home schooling movement claim that it creates as many problems as it solves.They acknowledge that，in a few cases，home schooling offers educational

上大學(xué)就上004km.cn opportunities superior to those found in most public schools，but few parents can provide such educational advantages.Some parents who withdraw their children form the schools in favor of home schooling have an inadequate educational background and insufficient formal training to provide a satisfactory education for their children.Typically，parents have fewer，not more technological resources available than do schools.However，the relatively inexpensive computer technology that is readily available today is causing some to challenge the notion that home schooling is in any way not so good as more highly structured classroom education.Finally，a sociological（社會學(xué)）concern is the restricted social interaction experienced by children who are educated at home.Technology will never replace the pupil-teacher relationship.Also，while relationships with parents and brothers and sisters may be improved，children taught at home may develop a distorted（歪曲的）view of society.31.The main idea of the passage is that.A.more and more parents are in favor of home schooling B.home schooling is superior to school education because it has been legally approved C.though home schooling has its advantages，it creates as many new problems at the same time D.school education is no doubt better than home education 32.Those who support home schooling think that.A.it’s less expensive and more efficient apart from other merits B.it has added curricular and pedagogical alternatives C.it will cause fewer discipline problems D.it’s more important to reinforce moral values 33.Critics believe that.A.few parents can afford computers and technology when providing home education B.few parents are qualified enough to provide a satisfactory home education？ C.school teachers are better than parents D.classroom environment can provide most satisfactory education

上大學(xué)就上004km.cn 34.According to the author，home schooling cannot help children.A.acquire social knowledge B.build up a relationship with family members C.build up pupil-teacher relationship D.develop a right view of society 35.The attitude of the author toward home schooling is.A.vague B.positive C.totally negative D.straight-forward PART TWO（50POINTS）

IV、Word Spelling（10 points，1 point for two items）將下列漢語單詞譯成英語。每個單詞的詞類、首字母及字母數(shù)目均已給出。請將完整的單詞寫在答題紙上。36.破壞，使?遇難 vt w_ _ _ _ 37.自愿的，自發(fā)的 a.v_ _ _ _ _ _ _ 38.緊要的，緊迫的 a.u_ _ _ _ _ 39.容忍，忍受 vt.t_ _ _ _ _ _ 40.癥狀，征兆 n.s_ _ _ _ _ _ 41.最近，不久前 ad.l_ _ _ _ 42.放大，夸大 vt.m_ _ _ _ _ _ 43.概念，想法 n.n_ _ _ _ 44.服從，聽從 vt.o_ _ _ 45.苦干的，費力的 a.p_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 46.達到；造詣 n.a_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 47.使平衡；權(quán)衡 vt.b_ _ _ _ _ 48.戰(zhàn)役，運動 n.c_ _ _ _ _ _ _ 49.裝修，裝飾 vt.d_ _ _ _ _ _ 50.基本的，初級的 a.e_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 51.忠誠的，忠實的 a.f_ _ _ _ _ _ 52.姿勢，手勢 n g_ _ _ _ _ _ 53.高度地，非常 ad.h_ _ _ _ 54.模仿的，仿制的 a.i_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 55.正義，公正 n.j_ _ _ _ _ _ V、Word FORM（10 points，1 point for each item）將括號中的各詞變?yōu)檫m當(dāng)?shù)男问教钊肟瞻?。答案寫在答題紙上。

56.Once harm（do）to the environment，it takes years to have the system recovred.57.With the strike（settle），the work on the new assembly line went ahead like wildfire.58.The child was playing（danger）near the edge of the swimming pool.59.This project ________（accomplish）by the end of 2006 will greatly improve the

上大學(xué)就上004km.cn basic facility of the city.60.People appreciate______（talk）with him because he is knowledgeable and humorous.61.Since the author did not stick to the topic，I found his article very ______（confuse）and hard to follow.62.With all this done，I ______（free）from all troubles and responsibilities.63.Had he been treated well，he ________（get over）this disease.64.Investigations into the cause of the shipwreck show that the ship _______（sink）the moment it hit the rock.65.If only the board ________（approve）the proposal and put it into effect.VI、Translation from Chinese into English（15 points，3 points for each item）將下列各句譯成英語并將答案寫在答題紙上。66.時間是世界上最容易浪費也是最難以把握的東西。

67.雖然管理者不能預(yù)測未來，但他們的許多決策還是要求他們考慮到未來可能發(fā)生的事情.68.愛因斯坦聲稱物質(zhì)和能量是可以相互轉(zhuǎn)化的，因此沒有絕對的時間和空間。69.這次考試不及格人數(shù)多得驚人。

70.二十世紀(jì)六十年代美國民間音樂除表現(xiàn)愛情與希望外，還表現(xiàn)反戰(zhàn)情緒。VII、Translation from English into Chinese（15 points）將下列短文譯成漢語并將答案寫在答題紙上。

Planning is a very important activity in our lives.It can give pleasure and even excitement，but cause quite severe headaches.The more significant the task ahead，the more careful the planning required.Getting to school or to work on time is a task requiring little or no planning.It is almost a routine.A month’s touring holiday abroad，or better still，getting married，is a different matter altogether.If the holiday involves a church wedding，with 50 guests，a reception，a honeymoon in Italy，and returning to a new home，this requires even more planning to make sure that is successful.Planning is our way of trying to ensure success and of avoiding costly failures we cannot afford.It is equally essential to mankind as a whole，to nations，to families and to each individual ； the scale may vary，but the degree of importance does not.上大學(xué)就上004km.cn

上大學(xué)就上004km.cn

上大學(xué)就上004km.cn

第三篇：自學(xué)考試“英語(二)”熱門問題解答分析

自學(xué)考試“英語

（二）”熱門問題解

答

英語

（二）教學(xué)大綱是從1998年的5月份制定的，目前還沒有改變，所以根據(jù)教學(xué)大綱題型，試卷結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)該是一樣的，大家應(yīng)該注意一下結(jié)構(gòu)有70%是客觀性題目，30%是主觀性題目。所謂主觀性題目就是自己要思考、要寫的，就像漢譯英、英譯漢，卷還是兩個卷子，1卷和2卷，1卷是選擇題，2卷是非選

擇題。

英語

（二）包括英語

（一）的內(nèi)容

嗎？

從近兩年的試卷來看，英語一課文中的內(nèi)容很少，最多一兩句，但是英語一是英語二的一個基礎(chǔ)，所以里邊的語法內(nèi)容還有詞匯、短語肯定要考的。所以有人說考英語二不考英語一，是不對的，英語一只能說考的不是原句。

英語

（二）備考需要背課文嗎？

教材的課文一定要看，都要讀一004km.cn 學(xué)招網(wǎng) 成都培訓(xùn)招生 d7f78bc 遍，讀懂里邊的語法要點，不是讀課文，有的同學(xué)說把課文都背下來了，但是考試還沒通過，原因不是讓你背課文，是把所有課文里邊的知識點、語法點要弄

通。

英語

（二）考語法嗎？

語法題是體現(xiàn)在題目中，比如結(jié)構(gòu)題、詞性變化題，以及完形題，這里邊主要是考英語語法。所以必須把語法弄通，因為英語是一種有規(guī)則的語言，有規(guī)則的語言不懂這個規(guī)則就不能掌握這

門語言。

英語

（二）閱讀理解題備考技巧

這個閱讀理解有一個應(yīng)試技巧，簡單說一說，在平常要多讀，要加大速度，要知道后邊問的題目，每個閱讀的段后邊都有5個題目，5個題目大概要問的有幾類，主要的有問作者觀點，或者問這個字是什么意思，這都是直接的。最難回答的就是推理性的，如果看不懂就不會做對。所以在閱讀理解的時候要抓住兩個“要”，一個要是要閱讀快，再有一004km.cn 學(xué)招網(wǎng) 成都培訓(xùn)招生 d7f78bc 個抓住要點。提醒考生，每段里面的第一句一定要注意。

英語

（二）英譯漢備考技巧英譯漢是一段小短文，英譯漢的翻譯首先要留出足夠的時間，因為是最后一個題目，最后一個題目我的很多同學(xué)跟我說，其實我都能夠翻譯，但是最后都沒有時間了，就簡單的胡亂寫了幾句，這是一個失誤。因為英譯漢有15分，這個短文相對來說雖然有一定的難度，但是相對整個考卷來說這部分應(yīng)該是能夠拿分的題，所以大家一定要留出足夠的時間。前邊的題目要做，像我剛剛說的選擇題，有的可以留在后邊，實在沒有時間了選擇題可以瞎蒙，但是主觀性的題目，像英譯漢、漢譯英，這個可以先做，如果是因為時間問題丟了必得分，那就太劃

不來了。

英語

（二）比英語四級考試難嗎？

首先自考英語跟四級的考試性質(zhì)不太一樣，自考英語主要是考大家的閱讀能力，就是英語的閱讀能力，讀英語004km.cn 學(xué)招網(wǎng) 成都培訓(xùn)招生 d7f78bc 的能力。而四級是全面的，比如說聽力，自考英語就沒有，考研也是，自考英語的性質(zhì)不太一樣。但是自考大家認(rèn)為英語比較難過，主要是對于非英語專業(yè)的考生在比較短的時間內(nèi)要使英語達到很高的水平，這個難度是非常大，大家知道我們自考英語不要求聽說讀寫各種語言能力，只要求了解一些閱讀，根據(jù)大綱要求，重點放在閱讀能力以及英漢互譯能力，實際上就是考大家的這種能力，所以跟四級的性質(zhì)還是不太一樣。

英語二是我們?？飘厴I(yè)以后考自考本科畢業(yè)，四級是大學(xué)生四年大學(xué)公共英語學(xué)完了兩年以后要考的，測試的方向還是跟剛才我講的不一樣。我們自考就是強調(diào)重點放在閱讀和英漢互譯能力，難度應(yīng)該是一樣的，比如說詞匯量要求是一樣的，還有要求的詞組和詞匯兩個方面掌握應(yīng)該是一樣的，但是側(cè)重

點不一樣。

英語

（二）詞匯記憶方法

英語二詞匯要求達到3800詞，詞004km.cn 學(xué)招網(wǎng) 成都培訓(xùn)招生 d7f78bc 組750.有的同學(xué)問是不是就只要背下冊書的詞匯就行了，回答是不夠的，肯定是不夠的，因為詞匯沒有說只考下冊，上冊也要背。但是有人說我短期內(nèi)怎么記住這些大量的詞匯呢？大家詞匯學(xué)習(xí)第一個應(yīng)該是有一定的時間，因為有的同學(xué)說一個星期或者兩個星期教給你方法能夠記住幾千，他這個方法有點兒像變魔術(shù)，不太現(xiàn)實，我覺得詞匯是一個積累。因為從心理學(xué)角度來講學(xué)詞匯有兩個方向，一個方向是要把詞匯學(xué)習(xí)的時候印象深刻，一個詞能夠像串葡萄似的串出一串來，比如同義詞、反義詞、近義詞，應(yīng)該把有關(guān)聯(lián)的詞相互記憶。第二，詞匯一定得重復(fù)，從心理學(xué)角度

學(xué)詞必須這樣。

英語

（二）學(xué)習(xí)重點

英語是一種語言，任何語言都是由詞和句子構(gòu)成的，所以光會了詞，不會把這些詞組成句子是不行的，因此怎么組成句子呢？得知道組成句子的規(guī)則，還有一些習(xí)慣用法，你必須要了解這種004km.cn 學(xué)招網(wǎng) 成都培訓(xùn)招生 d7f78bc 語言的文化，所以說學(xué)英語光學(xué)詞是不行的，因此是除了學(xué)詞以外還得學(xué)詞的用法以及文化，習(xí)慣用法就是一種文化，死背根本記不住。為什么記不?。勘车倪@個詞應(yīng)該是靈活的，怎么靈活呢？這個詞首先要知道詞性是什么，做個句子，學(xué)了一個詞不會做句子造一個短語，還要大聲的念，李陽瘋狂英語為什么風(fēng)靡全國，就是要把詞大聲地念出來，這樣從耳朵里能夠聽進去的，對大腦的刺激比眼睛里看見的要強得多，所以學(xué)習(xí)詞匯的一個技巧要大聲念，要組一個詞或者組一個短語，這樣記憶比光看兩遍、寫幾遍要好得多。

英語

（二）考前沖刺方法

最好的方法應(yīng)該是做沖刺的題目，所謂沖刺的題目就是要做一些題目跟考試的真題一樣的，每一部分都是給自己做測試，做模擬題，比如要設(shè)定時間是2個半小時，考試是2個半小時，你就要用2個半小時做模擬卷然后做考試題，因為考試的真題都有答案，最后對一下004km.cn 學(xué)招網(wǎng) 成都培訓(xùn)招生 d7f78bc

答案看得多少分。

沒有學(xué)過的，像一個月以前根本就沒有接觸過教材，不要盲目地去參加考試，一個月時間絕對不可能一下子英語成績突飛猛進，在最后這一個月時間只能安下心把英語要考什么內(nèi)容先做一個了解，現(xiàn)在在一個月背下3800詞是不可

能的。

英語

（二）考試與教材關(guān)系大嗎？

2005年4月份的考題題目，出自于課文的句子很多，比如說第一個題，是課文中的原題，這個我跟大家講，因為大綱要求可能是出題完全跟書上一樣的，也有可能根據(jù)書上的題目改編的，所以不一定完全是書上的一模一樣的句子，但是考的考點或者詞、語法點都是屬于跟我們的講課重點一致的。像我們2005年的試題我做一個簡單的分析，像結(jié)構(gòu)題，比如說主要的還是考語法的從句部分的關(guān)聯(lián)詞，關(guān)聯(lián)詞10個里邊就考了4個。另外有考虛擬語氣的，還有考固定搭配的就考了4個，所以這些搭配，004km.cn 學(xué)招網(wǎng) 成都培訓(xùn)招生 d7f78bc 像關(guān)聯(lián)詞，雖然句子不是原來書上的句子，但是是我們要重點復(fù)習(xí)的語法內(nèi)容，一個是從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞，再有一些固定搭

配。

再有，后邊的詞型變化，也應(yīng)該是出自于書上，但是它大部分還不是書上的原句，基本上是改編的，但是考的語法點都是我們重點要強調(diào)的主要是一些動詞的變化，基本上考10個題里有四五個都是考動詞的變化，所以要分清句子，是謂語動詞還是非謂語動詞。

英語

（二）考試如何安排考場時間

考試時間安排，總有最后的翻譯題來不及做的這種情況，所以我跟大家講主觀性題目，我剛才說了有30%，一定要留出足夠的時間，至少三分之一的時間來做。有一部分比較難的，就像完形填空，那個只有10分，但是有大部分同學(xué)在那兒花的時間太多了，完形填空一段文章是比較難的，把10個空填進去，如果耗費了很多時間不值得。因為完形填空一般的同學(xué)語法知識比較差的話，004km.cn 學(xué)招網(wǎng) 成都培訓(xùn)招生 d7f78bc 做不好這道題。但是像第一個題目詞匯結(jié)構(gòu)題，如果有一定的語法知識這道題應(yīng)該是可以拿到分的。再有閱讀理解題，也是30分，有的同學(xué)最后來不及把文章仔細(xì)看，就隨便亂選了很容易選錯，所以把三分之一的時間一定要留給閱讀理解，還有三分之一的時間留給主觀性題

目就是翻譯題。

再有詞形變化的10分題是比較難的，這跟完形填空一樣，這個也是10分，語法知識不好這個題目也可以放在最后

做。

再有單詞拼寫，20個，大部分同學(xué)做得不好就是平常的基本功不夠，大家拼寫20個題里肯定有容易拼的，像比較短的盡量做，比較長的放棄就放棄算了，所以時間分配大家應(yīng)該多考慮，把考試的兩個卷1卷、2卷都有什么內(nèi)容心中要有數(shù)?？记岸嘧瞿M試題，感覺一下，設(shè)定時間2個半小時，這樣時間分配心

里就有數(shù)了。

考過英語

（一）的考生如何備戰(zhàn)英004km.cn 學(xué)招網(wǎng) 成都培訓(xùn)招生 d7f78bc

語

（二）有同學(xué)說通過英語一很容易，為什么英語二考了很多次通不過，這因為作為英語學(xué)習(xí)還沒有達到一定的水平，英語一是?？扑剑奖扔⒄Z二低，考的容易。想考好英語二，不下工夫不花一定的時間做努力是不行的，精講課程要聽，考前要做一個努力的復(fù)習(xí)，如果沒有這個階段想要走捷徑，我告訴大家學(xué)英語二是沒有捷徑可走的，一定要經(jīng)過勤學(xué)苦練，才能夠把這門課程真正學(xué)到手，順利通過考試。

《大語》(本)導(dǎo)學(xué)：扎扎實實打基礎(chǔ)

《大學(xué)語文（本）》是文科類學(xué)生的專業(yè)必修課。《大學(xué)語文》的目的是為了使學(xué)生進一步提高閱讀能力與寫作能力，為學(xué)好高等教育文科類各專業(yè)的課程，及接受通才教育，成為復(fù)合型人才打下扎實的基礎(chǔ)。該課程知識點多，內(nèi)容豐富，課文中每句話都可以作為一個004km.cn 學(xué)招網(wǎng) 成都培訓(xùn)招生 d7f78bc 考點來出題考試，因此這門科學(xué)習(xí)起來有一定的難度，歷年來考試通過率也不是很高。本文針對學(xué)生在學(xué)習(xí)《大學(xué)語文》的過程中存在的問題，有針對性地提出學(xué)習(xí)，考試時應(yīng)該注意的問題，以期對學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)，考試有所幫助。

一，《大學(xué)語文（本）》教材的內(nèi)容體系。

《大學(xué)語文（本）》分為四個單元，即議論文單元（收有14篇課文），記敘文單元（收有14篇課文），詩詞單元（收有30篇課文），小說單元（收有8 篇課文）。每篇課文要求掌握的知識點，在書后面的考試大綱里都能找到。每單元要求掌握的知識點，在每單元后面的《議論文的特點與寫作》《記敘文的特點與寫作》《詩詞曲賦的特點與寫作》《小說的特點與寫作》中都有詳細(xì)的介紹。對于考試大綱要求掌握的知識點，學(xué)生在學(xué)習(xí)時一定要一個一個對應(yīng)起來，一個一個地掌握，不能有所遺漏。同時，課程還有三方面知識要求掌握，即表現(xiàn)手法，004km.cn 學(xué)招網(wǎng) 成都培訓(xùn)招生 d7f78bc 修辭手法，古漢語語法知識。這三方面的內(nèi)容掌握起來有一定的難度，但是學(xué)生要下大氣力去鉆研，力求弄通弄懂。

二，學(xué)好《大學(xué)語文》的關(guān)鍵。

學(xué)好《大學(xué)語文》的關(guān)鍵就在于熟讀教材上面的課文，夯實基礎(chǔ)。

這類話好像是廢話，老生常談，沒有新意。確實，要想學(xué)好每一門課程，首要就是要認(rèn)真鉆研教材，刻苦學(xué)習(xí)，這是放之四海皆準(zhǔn)的真理。對于《大學(xué)語文》的學(xué)習(xí)尤其是這樣。有這樣一種教學(xué)理念，就是提高學(xué)生的語文素養(yǎng)，語文水平，不是空話，而需要有途徑，就是通過認(rèn)真閱讀典范的，優(yōu)秀的語文范文這條途徑來達到目的。因此《大學(xué)語文》考試，教材里犄角旮旯每個點全考，就是考查學(xué)生是不是認(rèn)真閱讀教材上面這些典范的，優(yōu)秀的課文了。

其中專門有一類題，沒有難度，只要學(xué)生認(rèn)真閱讀了課文就能答出。

比如，去年10月考題第一道選擇題：

004km.cn 學(xué)招網(wǎng) 成都培訓(xùn)招生 d7f78bc

孟子認(rèn)為達到“數(shù)口之家，可以無饑”這一目標(biāo)的主要措施是，五畝之宅，樹之以桑； 2，雞豚狗彘之畜，無失其時；，百畝之宅，勿奪其時； 4，謹(jǐn)庠序之教，申之以孝悌；

這道題沒有任何難度，只要閱讀了課文，馬上就能答出是3.如果對課文不熟悉，恐怕就答不出來了。

2001年一道考題：司馬光指責(zé)王安石新法是“生事”，王安石在駁斥這一指責(zé)時，所依據(jù)的主要理由是

1，“受命于人主” 2，“辟邪說，難壬人”

3，“為天下理財” 4，“舉先王之政”

這道題也沒有難度，只要閱讀了課文，就能很順利地答出來。

這類題在歷年考題中占比較重要的份量。占分值較多。其他類的題目，也同課文有密切的關(guān)系。

就是只要掌握了課文，回答考題應(yīng)004km.cn 學(xué)招網(wǎng) 成都培訓(xùn)招生 d7f78bc 該是沒有什么問題的。

因此學(xué)生要學(xué)好《大學(xué)語文》沒有別的捷徑可走，什么“押題”“漏題”，什么“權(quán)威模擬題”

等等，全不要相信。只要扎扎實實夯實基礎(chǔ)，認(rèn)真閱讀課文，掌握課文，就會考出好成績。

三，要認(rèn)真學(xué)習(xí)考試大綱，考試大綱上面的每一個要求，不能有遺漏地全要掌握。

高等教育自學(xué)考試實行“考-教分離”的教學(xué)制度，就是教課的老師不參與出題，出題的老師不參與教學(xué)?！洞髮W(xué)語文》全國一張卷。考試大綱把教學(xué)的，出題的，學(xué)習(xí)的這三者聯(lián)系起來。也就是教學(xué)的按照考試大綱來教，學(xué)習(xí)的按照考試大綱來學(xué)，出題的按照考試大綱來出題?？荚嚧缶V是連起教-學(xué)的橋梁，必須高度重視?，F(xiàn)在市場上賣的參考書，也都是根據(jù)考試大綱來編寫的。因此在學(xué)習(xí)時，對考試大綱上面的知識點要一個一個鉆研，弄通弄懂。從歷年《大學(xué)004km.cn 學(xué)招網(wǎng) 成都培訓(xùn)招生 d7f78bc 語文》考題來看，全部是考試大綱上要求掌握的內(nèi)容，沒有出大綱的要求。因此學(xué)生不要迷信什么“模擬試卷”，更不能聽信什么“押題”“漏題”之說。

四，從歷年考試情況看，以下三部分知識，學(xué)習(xí)起來有一定的難度，學(xué)生丟分很多，要引起學(xué)生高度重視。

1，文學(xué)表現(xiàn)手法。

2，修辭手法；

3，文言語法知識。

這三部分在考試中占三類題，分值雖不很多，但是學(xué)生丟分很多，有的學(xué)生甚至一分都得不到，因此學(xué)生在學(xué)習(xí)時要高度重視起來。，文學(xué)表現(xiàn)手法，教材上面共介紹9 種。對比，烘托，鋪墊，暗示，比興，象征，白描，夾敘夾議，托物言志。學(xué)生在學(xué)習(xí)時可以通過自己整理來掌握。

譬如烘托，主要在《兵車行》，《**》中運用；

鋪墊主要在《種樹郭橐駝傳》《兵004km.cn 學(xué)招網(wǎng) 成都培訓(xùn)招生 d7f78bc 車行》《杜陵叟》中運用；

比興主要在詩詞中運用，《摸魚兒》是全篇比興；

白描在《**》《背影》中運用；

托物言志主要在《往事》中運用。等等。

通過自己整理，找出規(guī)律，就容易掌握這部分內(nèi)容了。，修辭手法，教材上面共介紹了12種修辭手法，比喻，夸張，對偶，排比，用典，反語，反詰，設(shè)問，借代，反復(fù)，層遞。其中“借代”在課文中沒有涉及，可以不管它。余下11種，可以分析一下。

反復(fù)，反語很容易識別，先把它們排除；

一看到有問號的，就在“設(shè)問”“反詰”兩個里找。從正面問的是設(shè)問，《論毅力》《人的正確思想是從哪里來的》；從反面問的，又沒有回答的是“反詰”，《趙威后問齊使》《秋水》《諫逐客書》《燈下漫筆》等等。

004km.cn 學(xué)招網(wǎng) 成都培訓(xùn)招生 d7f78bc

一看到幾個句子連排的，就在“排比”“對偶”中找，一般來說，三個或三個以上的句子連排為排比，《秋水》《諫逐客書》《寡人之于國也》等等；兩個句子為對偶，《諫逐客書》《答李翊書》

等等。

引用典故來說明問題的是“用典”。

4，文言語法知識。學(xué)生可以學(xué)習(xí)教材后面的“古代漢語語法常識”一節(jié)，如果學(xué)習(xí)起來有困難，還有一個相對變通的方法，就是把教材中每篇古文后面“思考與練習(xí)”的最后一道題認(rèn)真做出來，也可以在一定程度上彌補。

五，認(rèn)真寫作作文。

作文水平的提高非一日之功。而且作文要靠練習(xí)，光講是沒有什么用處的。

只提醒學(xué)生在考試時注意幾點，在現(xiàn)有作文水平的基礎(chǔ)上面，盡量考得好一些。，審題。這問題又是老生常談。但是是關(guān)鍵。作文只要不跑題，基本就是勝利，基本就可以拿到15分以上（滿004km.cn 學(xué)招網(wǎng) 成都培訓(xùn)招生 d7f78bc 分30分）。從歷年來看，學(xué)生作文分?jǐn)?shù)不高的主要原因就是跑題，扣題不緊，或扣題不準(zhǔn)。

《大學(xué)語文（本）》的作文題大部分是議論文。

（1）要緊扣題目來寫。寫的每一個論據(jù)全要緊扣題目，這點務(wù)必注意?？梢圆扇〗?jīng)?！包c題”

的辦法，也就是在作文中敘述一段內(nèi)容，就點一下題目，用這種辦法防止跑題。

（2）尤其要注意作文題是給學(xué)生一段短文，然后讓學(xué)生根據(jù)短文的意思來寫作文。這類作文，學(xué)生不要一上來拿筆就寫，而是一定要認(rèn)認(rèn)真真讀懂短文的意思，然后根據(jù)這篇短文提供的“特殊意思”

來寫。千萬不要另起爐灶。，議論文要注意論據(jù)的運用。

（1）說明論點要用事實，也就是要用論據(jù)。要注意的是論據(jù)的寫作不要展開，點到為止，能夠說明論點就行了，004km.cn 學(xué)招網(wǎng) 成都培訓(xùn)招生 d7f78bc 論據(jù)千萬不要加以描寫，加以展開論述。

（2）議論文要多談道理，也就是多談理論，少舉例子，例子點到為止。要特別防止一篇議論文，開頭講一兩句理論，然后就大量舉例子，或者是通篇全是一個例子。，注意字?jǐn)?shù)。

千萬要注意試題上面要求寫的字?jǐn)?shù)。這點學(xué)生要特別注意。一般來說，《大學(xué)語文（本）》作文要求寫作600 字（有時要求寫作700 字）。寫作時既不能寫作字?jǐn)?shù)太多，更不能少于要求的字?jǐn)?shù)。一般來說，作文字?jǐn)?shù)以多出所要求的字?jǐn)?shù)100 字為宜。，卷面要清楚，整潔。

從考試情況來看，有一些學(xué)生作文字跡太亂，卷面十分不清楚，字跡龍飛鳳舞，卷面溝的，畫的，涂的，摸的，亂七八糟，讓判卷教師先從感情上面就有一個不好的印象。判卷老師每天要判幾百份試卷，根本沒有時間一個字一個字去認(rèn)。卷面不清楚，字跡老師認(rèn)不得，004km.cn 學(xué)招網(wǎng) 成都培訓(xùn)招生 d7f78bc 很可能就影響了學(xué)生的成績。

這點也務(wù)請學(xué)生注意。

大學(xué)的課程全有一定的難度。但是，難與不難都是相對的。一般來說，只要認(rèn)真掌握了教材上面要求的內(nèi)容，按照考試大綱上面的知識點一個一個地去攻克，學(xué)習(xí)方法對頭，《大學(xué)語文（本）》定會考出一個好成績的。

004km.cn 學(xué)招網(wǎng) 成都培訓(xùn)招生 d7f78bc

第四篇：山東省2006年4月高等教育自學(xué)考試英語二試題

山東省2006年4月高等教育自學(xué)考試

英語

（二）試卷[14學(xué)分]

（課程代碼：0015 考試時間：150分鐘）

PART ONE(50 POINTS)Ⅰ.Vocabulary and Structure(10 points,1 point for each item)從下列各句四個選項中選出一個最佳答案，并在答題紙上將相應(yīng)的字母填在題號后括號內(nèi)。

1.America became independent _____ the control of Britain on July 4th, 1776.A.of B.on C.in D.at 2.We can’t help _____ him for his great achievements in scientific research.A.admire B.to admrie C.admiring D.admired 3.Three years after her marrige, Kate gave birth to a _____ boy.A.gold-skin B.golden-skin C.golden-skinned D.golden-skinned 4.The teachers seemed to be happy to have a try of this new teaching method, but _____ that it could make a difference.A.convinced B.unconvinced C.convincing D.unconvincing 5.The art of China have not declined _____ western influence.A.in spite B.despite of C.in spite of D.regardless 6.What is feared as failurein the US is,_____, loneliness.A.above all B.all the same C.at all D.of all 7.By the end ofmeeting, he felt quite stressed and was _____from having to deal with so many things.tribule A.given out B.worn out C.torn out D.drawn out 8.In ourlife, many impotant things that _____ to our overall objectives and give mearning to life don’t tend to act _____ us orpress us.A.contribute… on B.contribute…against C.attribute…on D.attribute…against 9.Like the national _____ for Asian literacy in Australia , there has been foreign langues _____ in China.A.push…favor B.pull…favor C.pull…fervor D.push…fervor 10.We received _____ help from many students in our research.A.valueless B.invaluable C.worthless D.worthwhite Ⅱ.Close Test(10points , 1 point for each item)下面短文中有十個空白，每個空白有四個選項。根據(jù)上下文要求選出最佳答案，并在答題紙上將相應(yīng)的字母填在題號后括號內(nèi)。

There are many ways of attaining education at all ___11__, Mary hight schools, colleges, community or district adult schools __12___ business and industrial institutiongs __13__ daytime or everning classes in dozens of fields and skills.It is reported that about 13 millions Americ-ans __14___ different froms of adults education through schools, job training ,or cor-respondence courses.About one __15___four American adults participate __16__ an organized learning group cach year.I-n recent years,There has been a trrend of older students to return for post-secondary education degree.___17__ has been mentionged, the community college has made it possible for all secti-ons of the population to have higher education.Other colleges and universities, both public a-nd ___18__, also have what is now called” continuing education” programs or “l(fā)ifelong educati-on” programs of associate degrees, graduate studies or professional develop-ment.In such a system, a worker may continue his study even __19__ a part –time basis, and a retried person many return to college at a(n)__20___ age.11.A.ranks B.levels C.layers D.fields 12.A.also B.plus C.as well D.as well as 13.A.ofter B.take C.supply D.reserve 14.A.join B.enter C.accept D.receive 15.A.of B.from C.in D.every 16.A.in B.during C.at D.under 17.A.It B.Which C.As D.Like 18.A.personal B.private C.secret D.hidden 19.A.with B.in C.from D.on 20.A.hign B.big C.tall D.advanced Ⅲ.Reading Comprehension(30 points ,2 points for each item)從下列每篇短文的問題后所給的四個選項中選出一個最佳答案，并在答題紙上將相應(yīng)的字母填在題號后括號內(nèi)。

Passage One Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.Here in the hills were buffaloes(野牛).I had even, in my very young days---when I could not l-ive till I had killed one of each kind of American animal---shout bull out here.Later on, wh-en I was not so interested in shouting as in watching the wild animals, I had been out to see t-hem again, but twice I had to go back without success.But one afternoonsa I was having tea with some friends outside the house, Denys came fly-ing from Nairobi and went over our heads westwards.A litter while later, he turned and came back and landed on the farm.I drove down to the plain to bring him back, but he would not g-et out of his plane.“ The buffaloes are out feedingin the hills,”he said,”come out and have a look at them.” “ I cannot come,” I said.” I have got a tea-party up at the house.” “ But we will go and see the, and be back in a quarter of an hour,”he said.This sounded to me like the suggestions which people make to you in a dream.So I went up with him.It did not take us long to see the buffaloes from the air;we counted them as they peacefully mixed and separated on the open ground enclosed in by bushes.There was one ve-ry old big black bull, and a number young ones: if a stranger had come near to them they wo-uld have heard or our machine and stopped feeding, but they didi not seem to be able to look up.In the end they realized that something very strange was about;the old bull first walked out in front of the others.Suddenly he began to go down the valley side and after a moment he broke into a run.The whole group now follwed him, rushing hurriedly down into the bush-es.In a small wood of low trees they stopped and kept close together.Here they believed the-mselves to be out of sight.We flew up and away.It was like having been taken there by a sec-ret unknown route.When I came back to my tea-party the teapot on the stone was still so hot that I burned my fingers on it.21.When young, the writer_____.A.was interested in killing as many animals as possible B.enjoyed shooting one of every sort of African animal C.had failed to find the buffalo D.used to camp in the hills and watch the buffalones in a plane.22.The writer went to plane _____.A.to persuade Denys to leave the plane.B.to have a talk with Denys.C.because they wanted to go up in the plane.D.to pick Denys up and take him back to the tea-party.23.Denys said it would only take a quarter of an hour to go and see the buffaloes _____.A.and he was right.B.but it look much longer than that C.but it wasn’t a serious suggestion D.if they went by a secret route.24.When the buffaloes initially heard the noise of the plane, they _____..A.looked up B.ran away immediately C.continued feeding D.were uncertain what to do 25.The buffaloes felt safe when they reached the wood because they _____.A.should only be seen iff the plane flew higher.B.could only be seen from the ground.C.thought they couldn’t be seen D.could not see the plane

Passage Two Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.England’s highest main-line railway station hangs on to life by a thread: deserted and unm-anned since it was officially closed in 1970.Dent Station, situated high in the hills of Yours-hire,wakes up on six summer weekends each year, when a special charter(包，租）train unl-oads walkers,sightseers and people who simply want to catch a train from the highest statio-n,on to its platform.But even this limited existence may soon be brought to an end.Dent Station is situated on the Settle to Carlisle railway line, said to be the most scenic(景色迷人的）in the country.But no amount of scenic beauty can save the line from British Rail’s cash(現(xiàn)金）problem.This year, for the sake of economy, the express, which used to pass through Dent Station, have been out put on to another route.It is now an open secret that British Rail sees no future for this railway line.Most of tis trai-ns disappeared some time ago.Its bridge, built on a grand scale a century ago, is falling dow-n.It is not alone.Half a dozen railway routes in the north of England are facing a similar threat.The problem is an outdated system and an almost total lack of cash to repair it.Bridges and tunnels(隧道)are showing their age, the wooden support for the tracks are rotting and engines and coaches are getting old.On major lines between large cities, the problem is nor too bad.These lines still make a pro-fit and cash can be found to maintain them.But on the country branch line, the story is differ-ent.Although tracks have been much used, they are not replaced Instead, speed limits are int-roduced, making journeys longer than necessary and discouraging customers.26.Since 1970 Dent Station has been used _____.A.only bu hill walkers B.only by local people C.only in some years D.only for a part of each year.27.Of all the railways routes in Britain, the one that passes Dent Station _____.A.is the most expensive to maintain B.passes through the most beautiful countryside C.is the most historic D.carries the largest number of tourists.28.Which of the following is NOT a problem facing many country railway lines in Britain? A.renewing coaches B.enlarging station C.rebuilding bridges D.repairing engines 29.By “hangs on to life by a thread “(Para.1)the author most probably means ______.A.it is dangerous for Dent Station to be situated high in the hills B.even the limited use of Dent Station may soon come to a close C.many people still come to Dent despite the official closedown of Dent Station.D.British Rail is faced with the cash problem.30.The prospect（前景）that the country railway might be closed is viewed by te author with _____.A.surprise B.approval C.regret D.anger

Passage Three Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.Urban life has always involved a balancing of opportunities and reward against dangers and stress;its motivating force is, in the broadest sense, money, Opportunities to make money me-an competition, and competition is stressful;it is often at its most intense in the largest cities, where opportunities are greatest.The presence of huge numbers of people inevitably involves more conflict, more traveling, overloading of public services and exposure to those crimin-als(罪犯）who are drawn by the wealth in large cities.Crime has always flourished in the rel-ative anonymity(無名）of urban life, but today’s ease of movement makes its communities.City dwellers may become trapped in their homes by the fear of crime around them.As a defense against these developments, city dwellers tend to use various strategies(策略）to try reduce the pressure upon themselves: contacts with other people are generally made brief and impersonal;doors are kept locked;journeys outside the home are usually hurried,ra-ther than a source of pleasure.There are other strategies, too, which are positively harmful to the individual;for example, reducing awareness through drugs and alcohol.Furthermore, all these defensive forms of behavior are harmful to society in general;they cause widespread loneliness and destroy the community’s concern for its members.Lack of informal social contact and indifference to the misfortunes of others, if they are not personally known, are among the major cause of urban crime.31.According to the author, living in a city cause stress because there are so many people who are _____.A.like to commit crimes B.naturally aggressive C.in need of help D.anxious to succeed 32.In the author’s opinion, the MAIN reason why there are many criminals in large cities is that _____.A.people do not communicate with their neighbors B.criminal are difficult to tract in large population C.people feel anonymous in large cities D.The wealth in large cities is attractive to criminals 33.Which of the following problem facing people living in cities is NOT mentioned in the passage? A.crime B.finding somewhere to live in C.Loneliness D.Drugs and alcoholism 34.The biggest attraction to live in a city is _____.A.Rewards B.Monet C.Stress D.Competition 35.According to the author, crime is caused by several factors, one of which is _____.A.hurried journes B.personal misfortunes C.defensive behavior D.social isolation(隔離）

PART TWO(50 POINTS)IV.Word Spelling(10 points , 1 point for two items)

將下列漢語單詞譯成英語。作為提示，每個單詞的詞類、首字母及字母數(shù)目均已給出。請將完整的單詞寫在答題紙上。

36.復(fù)雜性，復(fù)雜的事物 n.c _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 37.登記，入伍，入會，入學(xué)參加 vt＆vi e _ _ _ _ _ 38.過多的，過度的，極端的 adj e _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 39.經(jīng)濟，經(jīng)濟學(xué) n e _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 40.地平線，范圍，視野 n h _ _ _ _ _ _ 41.使結(jié)合，與 ……結(jié)合 vt i _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 42.流利 n f _ _ _ _ _ _ 43.采用 vt a _ _ _ _ 44.小冊子 n p _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 45.擢升，晉級，提升 n p _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 46.不耐煩的，急躁的 adj i _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 47.容量，生產(chǎn)量，才能 n c _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 48.奢侈，奢華 n l _ _ _ _ _ 49.不理，忽視 vt i _ _ _ _ _ 50.嘗試，企圖 vt a _ _ _ _ _ _ 51.使服從，使順從 vt＆vi s _ _ _ _ _ 52.打擾，擾亂 vt d _ _ _ _ _ _ 53.情況，形式 n c _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 54.單身漢，學(xué)士 n b _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 55.殖民地 n c _ _ _ _ _ V.56.It’s only a _____(mionr)of people who are causing the violence.Word Form(10 points , 1 point for each item)將括號中的各詞變?yōu)檫m當(dāng)?shù)男问教钊肟瞻祝鸢笇懺诖痤}紙上。57.She has a lot of interesting ideas, but she’s not very _____(practice).58.He is deeply _____(religion)and goes to church twice a week.59.Many people died of _____(starve)that year.60.Now large areas of forests _____(threaten)with destruction.61.I know she has caused trouble, but I’m sure she has done this _____(intention)’ 62.This book is on the different _____(variety)of English spoken in the world.63.The girl played the piano _____(assertive)throughout the whole concert.64.I enjoy my job, but I’d like to do something more _____(create).65.Theses cakes are really nice.They are _____(delicious)cakes I’ve ever had.VI.Translation from Chinese into English(15 points, 3 points for each item)將下列各句譯成英語并將答案寫在答題紙上。

66.很多重要的事情由于耽誤或者計劃不周而變得緊迫。67.你務(wù)必于下午兩點半來參加會議。68.他總是忙于新的發(fā)現(xiàn)而根本無暇顧及賺錢。

69.同中國婦女相比，美國婦女似乎不愿向上司表述自己的意見。70.英語背景知識既吸引了大量的學(xué)習(xí)者，同時也使一些人喪失信心。

VII.Translation from English into Chinese(15 points)將下面短文譯成漢語并將答案寫在答題紙上。

Thanksgiving Day comes on the fourth Thursday in November.Every year, the president writes a letter to the phone.He writes that the fourth Thursday in November will be national holiday.All the stores, banks, schools and offices close.Thanksgiving has hardly changed at all in its intention and manner of celebration.Thanksgi-ving is a family holiday, for it is customary for all members of the family to gather at the ho-me of the father and mother.All over the country, husbands and wives, sons and daughters, grandchildren and great-grandchildren travel from city to town, from town to village, or from village ti farm ti spend the day at their old homes.Many speak to their parents or grandchildr-en by long distance telephone.On Thanksgiving Day, the churches hold Thanksgiving services.Thanksgiving is a chance to renew friendship.Above all, Thanksgiving Day is a time for remembrance and foe giving thanks.山東省2006年4月高等教育自學(xué)考試

英語

（二）試題答案及評分參考

（課程代碼：0015）

I.Vocabulary and Structure(10points, 1 point for each item)從下列各句四個選項中選出一個最佳答案，并在答題紙上將相應(yīng)的字母涂黑。

1.A 2.C 3.C 4.B 5.C 6.A 7.B 8.A 9.D 10.B II.Close Text(10 points, 1 points for each item)下面短文中有十個空白，每個空白有四個選項。根據(jù)上下文要求選出一個最佳答案，并在答題紙上將相應(yīng)字母涂黑。

11.B 12.D 13.A 14.D 15.C 16.A 17.C 18.B 19.D 20.D Ⅲ.Reading Comprehension(30 points ,2 points for each item)從下列每篇短文的問題后所給的四個選項中選出一個最佳答案，并在答題紙上將相應(yīng)的字母填在題號后括號內(nèi)。

21.B 22.D 23.A 24.D 25.C 26.D 27.B 28.B 29.B 30.C 31.D 32.D 33.B 34.B 35.D IV.Word Spelling(10 points , 1 point for two items)

將下列漢語單詞譯成英語。作為提示，每個單詞的詞類、首字母及字母數(shù)目均已給出。請將完整的單詞寫在答題紙上。

36.complexity 37.Enroll 38.Excessive 39.Economics 40.Horizon 41.Integrate 42.Fluence 43.Adopt 44.Pamphlet 45.Promotion 46.Impatient 47.Cspacity 48.Luxury 49.Ignore 50.Attempt 51.Submit 52.Disturb 53.Circumstance 54.Bachelor 55.Colony V.56.Minority 57.Practical 58.Religious 59.Starvation 60.Are threatened 61.Unintentionally 62.Varieties 63.Assertively 64.Creative 65.The most delicious Word Form(10 points , 1 point for each item)將括號中的各詞變?yōu)檫m當(dāng)?shù)男问教钊肟瞻?，答案寫在答題紙上。

VII.Translation from English into Chinese(15 points)將下面短文譯成漢語并將答案寫在答題紙上。

66.Many important activities become urgent through delay, or because of a lack of planning.67.Be sure to attend the meeting at half past two in the afternoon.68.He is always too busy with his new discoveries to bother with making money.69.Compared with Chinese women, American women seem less inclined to speak uo easily to their bosses.70.The background knowledge of English fascinates a lot of learners, but at the same time disheartens quite a few.

第五篇：自學(xué)考試互聯(lián)網(wǎng)及其應(yīng)用試題月至月

全國2009年1月自考互聯(lián)網(wǎng)及其應(yīng)用試題

課程代碼：03142

二、填空題（本大題共20空，每空1分，共20分）請在每小題的空格中填上正確答案。錯填、不填均無分。

21．計算機網(wǎng)絡(luò)是指將地理位置不同，并具有獨立功能的多個計算機系統(tǒng)通過__________和線路連接起來，以功能完善的網(wǎng)絡(luò)軟件實現(xiàn)網(wǎng)絡(luò)中________的系統(tǒng)。

通信設(shè)備 資源共享

23．環(huán)球網(wǎng)服務(wù)器是Intranet的中心，它使用__________對信息進行組織。HTTP 28．在網(wǎng)絡(luò)實施時，工作站到HUB的雙絞線的理論最長距離為___________米，如果是用同軸細(xì)纜來布線時，要注意一段細(xì)纜長度理論應(yīng)小于___________米。100 183 29．發(fā)信者與收信者不在同一部主機內(nèi)，但都在Internet內(nèi)，發(fā)信主機可以不需直接將信送抵目標(biāo)，它可以選擇一個中繼站將信轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)至目標(biāo)，這種中繼站一般稱為__ _________。郵件交換站

30．當(dāng)用Telnet登錄進入遠(yuǎn)程計算機系統(tǒng)時，用戶事實上啟動了兩個程序，其中一個是_________程序，它運行在要登錄的遠(yuǎn)地計算機上。服務(wù)器

31．在信息的檢索中，可以采用關(guān)鍵字對文件內(nèi)容進行全文檢索的查詢工具是________。WAIS Wide Area Information System（廣域信息查詢系統(tǒng)）基于關(guān)鍵詞的Internet信息檢索工具

32．Web的工作過程可以分成4個階段，他們是連接、________、應(yīng)答、_________。請求 關(guān)閉 33．通常FTP用戶主目錄下包含了4種目錄，其中___________目錄存放共享文件，其他目錄為系統(tǒng)目錄。Pub

34．采用一臺插有兩塊網(wǎng)卡的計算機來實現(xiàn)的防火墻的應(yīng)用系統(tǒng)稱為_________系統(tǒng)。雙宿主網(wǎng)關(guān)

36．VRML通過紅、________、_________三色的比例調(diào)配控制物體的顏色和材質(zhì)。藍 綠

三、名詞解釋題(本大題共5小題，每小題3分，共15分)37．網(wǎng)絡(luò)工作站

是通過網(wǎng)卡連接到網(wǎng)絡(luò)的個人計算器。工作站之間可以進行通信，也可以共享網(wǎng)絡(luò)上的其他資源。38．ODBC 是Open Datebase Connectivity的縮寫，中文譯為開放數(shù)據(jù)庫連接，是由微軟公司提出的一個用于訪問數(shù)據(jù)庫的統(tǒng)一界面標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。39．動態(tài)IP地址

是指網(wǎng)絡(luò)設(shè)備每次連接到網(wǎng)絡(luò)是由DHCP服務(wù)器分配的一個臨時的IP地址 40．缺省網(wǎng)關(guān)

不同網(wǎng)段的通信必須由路由器進行轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)，可以通過設(shè)置至少一臺路由器的IP地址作為缺省路由，通過缺省網(wǎng)關(guān)進行轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)，使得不同網(wǎng)段的主機能夠互相訪問 41．超鏈接

超鏈接是HTML中的一個標(biāo)記，用于將不連續(xù)兩端文字或文件聯(lián)系起來

四、簡答題(本大題共5小題，每小題5分，共25分)42．簡述星型結(jié)構(gòu)的概念及優(yōu)缺點。

星型結(jié)構(gòu)是以一個節(jié)點為中心的系統(tǒng)，各種類型的入網(wǎng)及其均與該中心通過物 理鏈路直接相連，其他節(jié)點間不能直接通信，需要通過中心節(jié)點轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)。優(yōu)點是結(jié)構(gòu)簡單、建網(wǎng)容易、控制相對簡單。缺點是中心節(jié)點負(fù)載過重，可靠性低，通信鏈路利用率低。

43．簡述TCP報文交換的過程。

建立連接，發(fā)送數(shù)據(jù)，發(fā)送確認(rèn)，通知窗口大小，數(shù)據(jù)發(fā)送完畢后關(guān)閉連接。44．簡述網(wǎng)橋的特點。

網(wǎng)橋是連接兩個局域網(wǎng)的一種存儲轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)設(shè)備，工作在數(shù)據(jù)鏈路層，由于大多數(shù)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的結(jié)構(gòu)差異表現(xiàn)在MAC子層，所以網(wǎng)橋被用于局域網(wǎng)的MAC子層的轉(zhuǎn)換?？梢杂脕砜刂茢?shù)據(jù)流量，處理傳送差錯、提供物理尋址以及介質(zhì)訪問算法 45．簡述DNS域名系統(tǒng)的功能。

在Internet內(nèi)部使用IP地址進行數(shù)據(jù)傳輸，但對于用戶來說，域名比IP地址友好。從域名到IP地址轉(zhuǎn)換使用域名系統(tǒng)。DNS實際上是一個服務(wù)器軟件，運行在指定的計算機上。46．簡述URL的組成部分。

URL由訪問方法、主機地址、資源路徑三部分組成。訪問方法指的是Internet上的一種協(xié)議，如HTTP、FTP、等。主機地址是計算機在Internet上的地址，既可以是域名，可以是IP地址。文件在服務(wù)器上路徑名。

五、綜合題(本大題共2小題，每小題10分，共20分)47．給定一個C類網(wǎng)絡(luò)202.168.54.0，圖中路由器RTA不支持全0和全1的子網(wǎng)，請回答下列問題：

1)網(wǎng)段LAN1和網(wǎng)段LAN2都有60臺主機，請為兩個網(wǎng)段分配網(wǎng)絡(luò)號。2)若網(wǎng)段LAN1有64臺主機，請問可以分配嗎?如果不可以，說明原因。3)若將路由器換成網(wǎng)橋，LAN1的主機PC1能訪問LAN2的主機PC2嗎?為什么?

48．在UNIX下域名服務(wù)器的數(shù)據(jù)庫中，每條域名與其IP地址的映射關(guān)系都是以資源記錄的方式存放的，下表描述了一些資源記錄類型的含義，根據(jù)要求寫出主要的域名到IP地 址的映射配置。

要求：假設(shè)某個域為mmt.com的主域服務(wù)器為s1.mmt.com(IP地址為123.33.0.1)，該域中有兩臺主機，名字分別為ftp.mmt.com(IP地址為123.33.0.10)，web.mmt.com(IP地址為123.33.0.20)。主域服務(wù)器s1.mmt.com又叫做t1.mmt.com。

類型

意義

內(nèi)容

SOA 授權(quán)開始

標(biāo)識一個資源記錄集合(稱為授權(quán)區(qū)段)的開始 A

主機地址

32位二進制值IP地址 NS 域名服務(wù)器

域的授權(quán)名子服務(wù)器名 CNAME 別名

別名的規(guī)范名字

PTR

指針

對應(yīng)于IP地址的主機名 HINFO 主機描述

ASCII字符串，CPU和OS描述 TXT

文本

ASCII字符串，不解釋

1)mmt.com.in ① s1.mmt.com.root.s1.mmt.com． 2)in ② s1.mmt.com． 3)sl

in ③ ④ 4)tl

in ⑤ ⑥ 5)ftp in ⑦ ⑧ 6)web in ⑨ ⑩

全國2009年10月自學(xué)考試互聯(lián)網(wǎng)及其應(yīng)用試題

課程代碼：03142

二、填空題（本大題共20小題，每小題1分，共20分）

請在每小題的空格中填上正確答案。錯填、不填均無分。26．在網(wǎng)絡(luò)層交換的數(shù)據(jù)單元是________。分組

29．通過撥號方式連入Internet的方式主要有兩種，一種為模擬終端的方式，另一種為________。PPP

30．在網(wǎng)卡與HUB相連接時，兩端的RJ-45的線序一一對應(yīng)，即網(wǎng)卡的發(fā)送信號線為1、2，接收信號線為________。3,6 31．根據(jù)連接LAN的類型的不同，網(wǎng)橋分為4種類型，分別是封裝網(wǎng)橋、轉(zhuǎn)換網(wǎng)橋、源路由選擇網(wǎng)橋和________。透明網(wǎng)橋

34．虛擬現(xiàn)實是計算機模擬的三維環(huán)境，三維環(huán)境的可交互性及________是其 主要特征。實時性

39．網(wǎng)絡(luò)攻擊是網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全潛在的威脅，有一些攻擊者闖入計算機破壞系統(tǒng)和數(shù)據(jù)。通常將這種攻擊者稱為________。網(wǎng)絡(luò)入侵者（黑客）40．網(wǎng)絡(luò)的可靠性是指網(wǎng)絡(luò)系統(tǒng)的________。容錯能力

三、名詞解釋（本大題共5小題，每小題3分，共15分）41．ADSL P76

43．PGP（Pretty Good Privacy）技術(shù) 44．分布式數(shù)據(jù)庫 P172 45．域名解析器 P189

四、簡答題（本大題共5小題，每小題5分，共25分）

46．C類網(wǎng)絡(luò)為網(wǎng)絡(luò)地址分配了24個二進制位，只為主機地址分配了8個二進制位。若主機地址的前4位用于劃分子網(wǎng)，主機地址禁止使用全“0”或全“1”碼，則每個子網(wǎng)最多還能容納多少臺主機?給出子網(wǎng)中主機地址段全部主機地址碼。

47．簡述在實現(xiàn)遠(yuǎn)程注冊時，本地機上的“客戶”程序需完成的主要功能。48．簡述VRML的工作方式。

50．單一網(wǎng)絡(luò)過濾系統(tǒng)是最簡單的防火墻，屬于網(wǎng)絡(luò)層防火墻，通常采用包過濾技術(shù)，邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)如本題圖所示。簡述這種防火墻的工作原理。

五、綜合題（本大題共2小題，每小題10分，共20分）

51．SNMP V.1的網(wǎng)絡(luò)管理模型如本題圖所示，仔細(xì)閱讀，然后回答下列問題：(1)SNMP的含義是什么?(2)SNMP工作在OSI模型的哪一層?(3)“NMC”的主要作用是什么?(4)“代理”的主要作用是什么?(5)“MIB”的主要作用是什么?

52．下列源代碼段在瀏覽器中的顯示結(jié)果如本題圖所示，仔細(xì)閱讀，并按要求完成后面各題。

8.4 VRML語言

VRML是“Virtual Reality Modeling Language”的縮寫，中文可譯成“虛擬現(xiàn)實造型語言”。它是一種模型語言，用來描述一個目標(biāo)對象是如何呈現(xiàn)在Web上的。