第一篇：浙大2011考博英語部分題目及答案

聽力第一篇

Among my experiences as a college president is the all-too-frequent phone call in the night that begins: “One of your students is in the emergency room with alcohol poisoning.” The whole country got a similar wake-up call in June when it was reported that alcohol abuse on college campuses is on the rise, especially for women, and that college students drink far more than nonstudents.One statistic showed that college students spend more money on alcohol while in college than on books.Alcohol abuse, although tragic, is but one symptom of a larger campus crisis.A generation has come to college quite fragile, not very secure about who it is, fearful of its lack of identity and without confidence in its future.Many students are ashamed of themselves and afraid of relationships.Students use alcohol as an escape.It's used as an excuse for bad behavior: the insanity defense writ large on campus.This diminished sense of self has caused a growth in racism, sexism, attempted suicide, theft, property-damage and cheating on most campuses.This is not the stuff of most presidents' public conversations.Nor can it be explained away as an “underclass” problem;it is found on our most privileged campuses.It is happening because the generation now entering college has experienced few authentic connections with adults in its lifetime.I call this the “Culture of Neglect,” and we — parents, teachers, professors and administrators — are the primary architects.It begins at home, where social and economic factors — such as declining incomes requiring longer work hours — result in less family time.Young people have been allowed to or must take part-time jobs rather than spending time in school, on homework or with their families.More children and youths are being reared in a vacuum, with television as their only supervisor, and there is little expectation that they learn personal responsibility.Immersed in themselves, they are left to their peers.31.The main idea of the first paragraph is that().× 正確答案為C

[A] it is easy to be a college president

[B] a college president has to sit up till midnight

[C] alcohol abuse is quite common on campus

[D] it is harmful for college students to drink alcohol

32.According to the author, college students turn to alcohol as a(n)().× 正確答案為C

[A] inspiration

[B] stimulation

[C] escape

[D] relaxation

33.The word “architects” in Para.2 can be best replaced by().× 正確答案為D

[A] artists

[B] experts

[C] discoverers

[D] designers

34.How do parents react to the “Culture of Neglect”?()× 正確答案為B

[A] Parents have lowered their expectations on children.[B] Parents take little care of the growth of their children.[C] Parents spend too much time watching television.[D] Parents fail to cooperate with teachers and administrators.35.What is the main problem with the children brought up in the “ Culture of Neglect?”()× 正確答案為C

[A] They can't read or write well.[B] They can hardly find a good job.[C] They don't have the sense of responsibility.[D] They are more likely to commit crimes.第二篇

Conventional wisdom about conflict seems pretty much cut and dried.Too little conflict breeds apathy(冷漠)and stagnation(呆滯).Too much conflict leads to divisiveness(分裂)and hostility.Moderate levels of conflict, however, can spark creativity and motivate people in a healthy and competitive way.Recent research by Professor Charles R.Schwenk, however, suggests that the optimal level of conflict may be more complex to determine than these simple generalizations.He studied perceptions of conflict among a sample of executives.Some of the executives worked for profit-seeking organizations and others for not-for-profit organizations.Somewhat surprisingly, Schwenk found that opinions about conflict varied systematically as a function of the type of organization.Specifically, managers in not-for-profit organizations strongly believed that conflict was beneficial to their organizations and that it promoted higher quality decision making than might be achieved in the absence of conflict.Managers of for-profit organizations saw a different picture.They believed that conflict generally was damaging and usually led to poor-quality decision making in their organizations.Schwenk interpreted these results in terms of the criteria for effective decision making suggested by the executives.In the profit-seeking organizations, decision-making effectiveness was most often assessed in financial terms.The executives believed that consensus rather than conflict enhanced financial indicators.In the not-for-profit organizations, decision-making effectiveness was defined from the perspective of satisfying constituents.Given the complexities and ambiguities associated with satisfying many diverse constituents executives perceived that conflict led to more considered and acceptable decisions.31.In the eyes of the author, conventional opinion on conflict is________.A)wrong

B)oversimplified

C)misleading

D)unclear 注：文章第一句

32.Professor Charles R.Schwenk's research shows________.A)the advantages and disadvantages of conflict B)the real value of conflict

C)the difficulty in determining the optimal level of conflict

D)the complexity of defining the roles of conflict

注：文章第二段

33.We can learn from Schwenk's research that________.A)a person’s view of conflict is influenced by the purpose of his organization

B)conflict is necessary for managers of for-profit organizations

C)different people resolve conflicts in different ways

D)it is impossible for people to avoid conflict

注：文章第三段 34.The passage suggests that in forfor425B.C.）被稱為“歷史之父”

所著的《歷史》為西方第一部歷史著作

10． Polynesian：波利尼西亞人 指太平洋島嶼居民

11． the Goths: 哥特族（日耳曼族的一支 在３至５世紀(jì)侵入羅馬帝國）； barbarian: 未開化的人 野蠻人；pillage:（尤指戰(zhàn)爭中的）掠奪

12． Tahiti: 塔希提島

位于南太平洋；rite of passage:通過禮儀（指為人生進(jìn)入一個(gè)新階段 如出生、成年等舉行的儀式）

13.souvenir: 紀(jì)念品；of choice : 特別的；globetrot:周游世界[globe-trotter的逆構(gòu)］

14.parlor: <美>（接待顧客的）店堂

15.underworld: 下流社會(huì) 以犯罪活動(dòng)為生的人們

16.delinquent: 違法者

17.pricking: 刺 戳

18.生活在北極圈內(nèi)及其附近的一些北方部落的人（主要是因紐特人）用針刺破皮膚

再把染成炭黑色的線穿進(jìn)去

Inuit：生活在北極地區(qū)的因紐特人 即愛斯基摩人； soot: 炭黑色

19.pigment: 顏料； rake-like: 齒叉形的20.bone-cutting: 用骨頭削成的；groove: 溝 紋（道）；buttocks：臀部

21.hand-held: 手持的

便攜式的； contraption：裝置

22.dermis: 真皮

23.直到1929年經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)爆發(fā)前 文身一直十分風(fēng)靡

all the rage: <口>風(fēng)靡一時(shí)的事物 時(shí)尚

24.sport: <口> 惹人注目地穿戴

25.omnipresent: 無所不在的 26.fad:（穿著、行為、言談等方面）一時(shí)的風(fēng)尚

第二篇：浙大考博英語實(shí)用聽力-答案

Test One

Section A-Section B

1C ／ 2D ／ 3D ／ 4C ／ 5D ／ 6D ／ 7C ／ 8A ／ 9B ／ 10C ／ 11C ／ 12B ／ 13A ／ 14A ／ 15B ／ 16A ／ 17D ／ 18B ／ 19C ／ 20C

Section C

Part A

1.a bright light

2.face masks

3.frightened

4.piece of metal

5.kind of souvenir

Part B

6.Italy

7.four English victories, four ties

8.70,000

9.at the 52nd minute

10.107

Part C

11C ／ 12A ／ 13C

Part D

14D ／ 15C ／ 16B ／ 17E ／ 18A

Test Two

Section A-Section B

1C ／ 2A ／ 3B ／ 4D ／ 5C ／ 6B ／ 7D ／ 8C ／ 9D ／ 10B ／ 11C ／ 12C ／ 13D ／ 14B ／ 15B ／ 16D ／ 17C ／ 18D ／ 19A ／ 20B

Section C

Part A

1.snow showers

2.more consistent snowfall

3.cloudy

4.rain showers

5.89 degrees

Part B

6.at least 324 square miles

7.an important earthquakes source

8.magnitude, depth, the surface structures

9.$358 million

10.once every 500-2,000 years

Part C

11B ／ 12D ／ 13A

Part D

14A ／ 15B ／ 16C ／ 17A

Test Three

Section A-Section B

1A ／ 2D ／ 3B ／ 4D ／ 5B ／ 6B ／ 7D ／ 8D ／ 9C ／ 10D ／ 11C ／ 12C ／ 13B ／ 14D ／ 15A ／ 16C ／ 17C ／ 18B ／ 19D ／ 20C

Section C

Part A

1.on a picnic

2.looking for firewood

3.slowly as possible

4.two small incisions / cuts

5.the hospital overnight

Part B

6.early Saturday

7.a merchant vessel

8.mechanical problem

9.29

10.immigrant smuggling

Part C

11D ／ 12B ／ 13A

Part D

14C ／ 15A ／ 16D

Test Four

Section A-Section B

1B ／ 2C ／ 3B ／ 4A ／ 5D ／ 6A ／ 7C ／ 8C ／ 9C ／ 10C ／ 11B ／

13C ／ 14D ／ 15C ／ 16D ／ 17A ／ 18D ／ 19D ／ 20C

Section C

Part A

1.a cooperation agreement

2.broadband communications network

3.negotiations and discussions

4.technologies, management expertise

5.responsible departments

Part B

6.a young architect

7.old and lovely

8.very frightened

9.write his ghost a letter

10.they lived happily together

Part C

11C ／ 12B ／ 13A ／ 14D

Part D

15A ／ 16C ／ 17D

Test Five

Section A-Section B

1B ／ 2C ／ 3D ／ 4C ／ 5D ／ 6A ／ 7B ／ 8D ／ 9A ／ 10D ／ 11B ／

13A ／ 14D ／ 15C ／ 16C ／ 17D ／ 18C ／ 19A ／ 20D

Section C

Part A

1.write

2.a VCR

3.purchase stolen goods

4.get a bargain

5.more thefts

Part B

6.with an enthusiastic smile

7.he gave a lively commentary

8.they smiled

9.his dream was in jeopardy

10.emotional intelligence

Part C

11A ／ 12B / 13A / 14B

Part D

15A ／16D ／17C ／18A

Test Six

Section A-Section B

1C ／ 2A ／ 3D ／ 4B ／ 5A ／ 6C ／ 7C ／ 8A ／ 9B ／ 10D ／ 11B ／／／／ 12C12B12B

13D ／ 14C ／ 15B ／ 16A ／ 17A ／ 18B ／ 19A ／ 20B

Section C

Part A

1.swept by emotion

2.change a bad mood / change bad moods

3.deal with / relieve

4.more positive light

5.distraction

Part B

6.a positive attitude

7.gathering of enthusiasm, zeal, confidence

8.clear goals, optimistic, cando attitude

9.the situation, not themselves

10.with effort and practice

Part C

11A ／12A ／13B ／14C

Part D

15B ／16D ／17B ／18C

Test Seven

Section A-Section B

1C ／ 2B ／ 3C ／ 4C ／ 5A ／ 6D ／ 7A ／ 8D ／ 9D ／ 10B ／ 11B ／

13C ／ 14D ／ 15D ／ 16A ／ 17A ／ 18B ／ 19C ／ 20C

Section C

Part A

1.delay impulse

2.children / kids / preschoolers

3.twofruit reward

4.pursuing their goals

5.through practice

Part B

6.others feel

7.subtle, almost imperceptible

8.academic I.Q.tests

9.reliable networks

10.interpersonal skills / emotional intelligence

Part C

11D ／12D ／13B ／14C

Part D

15C ／16C ／17D ／18A

Test Eight

Section A-Section B

1C ／ 2D ／ 3D ／ 4B ／ 5D ／ 6B ／ 7B ／ 8A ／ 9D ／ 10A ／ 11A ／

13A ／ 14D ／ 15A ／ 16D ／ 17C ／ 18C ／ 19D ／ 20A

Section C

Part A

1.a good name

2.unmarried mothers

3.teenager drug abuse

4.cultural influences

5.sense of shame

Part B

6.to get comfort

7.an adventurous and independent woman

8.a master's degree in linguistics

9.searchandrescue work／／ 12A12C

10.100 times greater

Part C

11D ／12C ／13A ／14C

Part D

15C / 16A / 17B / 18D

Test Nine

Section A-Section B

1D ／ 2C ／ 3D ／ 4B ／ 5A ／ 6C ／ 7A ／ 8C ／ 9B ／ 10D ／ 11A ／ 12D ／

13A ／ 14D ／ 15C ／ 16A ／ 17C ／ 18C ／ 19B ／ 20D

Section C

Part A

1.entertaining and constructive

2.his marriage

3.in 1965

4.vigorously condensing / focusing on essentials

5.in 19 languages

Part B

6.forgetting about calories

7.a doctor

8.that on the package's label

9.25 percent

10.a strong willpower and persistence

Part C

11C / 12C / 13A / 14D

Part D

15B / 16B / 17D / 18D Test Ten

Section A-Section B

1B ／ 2A ／ 3D ／ 4C ／ 5C ／ 6B ／ 7A ／ 8C ／ 9A ／ 10D ／ 11B ／

13A ／ 14D ／ 15B ／ 16B ／ 17B ／ 18C ／ 19C ／ 20B

Section C

Part A

1.the video taperecorder

2.more efficient

3.more than doubled

4.rising Japanese company

5.repeatable and editable

Part B

6.a dozen silicon chips

7.creating the microprocessor

8.by advertising in Electronic News

9.the heart of computers

10.a consultant in patent cases

Part C

11A / 12C / 13B / 14D

Part D

15B / 16C / 17D / 18C

／12C

第三篇：2016年浙大考博英語真題部分試題

2016年浙江大學(xué)博士生英語

聽力 PART A Welcome to Everglades National Park.The Everglades is a watery plain covered with saw grass that's home to numerous species of plants and wildlife.At one and a half million acres, it's too big to see it all today, but this tour will offer you a good sampling.Our tour bus will stop first at Taylor Slough.This is a good place to start because it's home to many of the plants and animals typically associated with the Everglades.You'll see many exotic birds and, of course, our world famous alligators.Don't worry, there's a boardwalk that goes across the marsh, so you can look down at the animals in the water from a safe distance.The boardwalk is high enough to give you a great view of the saw grass prairie.From there we'll head to some other marshy and even jungle like areas that feature wonderful tropical plant life.For those of you who'd like a closer view of the saw grass prairie, you might consider renting a canoe sometime during your visit here.However, don't do this unless you have a very good sense of direction and can negotiate your way through tall grass.We'd hate to have to come looking for you.You have the good fortune of being here in the winter—the best time of year to visit.During the spring and summer, the mosquitoes will just about eat you alive!Right now they're not so bothersome, but you'll still want to use an insect repellent.Welcome to Everglades National Park.The Everglades is a watery plain covered with saw grass that's home to numerous species of plants and wildlife.At one and a half million acres, it's too big to see it all today, but this tour will offer you a good sampling.Our tour bus will stop first at Taylor Slough.This is a good place to start because it's home to many of the plants and animals typically associated with the Everglades.You'll see many exotic birds and, of course, our world famous alligators.Don't worry, there's a boardwalk that goes across the marsh, so you can look down at the animals in the water from a safe distance.The boardwalk is high enough to give you a great view of the saw grass prairie.From there we'll head to some other marshy and even jungle like areas that feature wonderful tropical plant life.For those of you who'd like a closer view of the saw grass prairie, you might consider renting a canoe sometime during your visit here.However, don't do this unless you have a very good sense of direction and can negotiate your way through tall grass.We'd hate to have to come looking for you.You have the good fortune of being here in the winter—the best time of year to visit.During the spring and summer, the mosquitoes will just about eat you alive!Right now they're not so bothersome, but you'll still want to use an insect repellent.-----文章來源 托福聽力

聽力是 托福內(nèi)容，完型填空 是大學(xué)英語教程第四冊(cè)里面的內(nèi)容~~~

完型閱讀

Gold Mankind's fascination with gold is as old as civilization itself.The ancient Egypitains esteemed23 gold ,which had religious significance to them ,and King Tutankhamen was buried in a solid gold coffin 3,300 years ago.The wandering Israelites worshiped a golden calf ,and the legendary26 King Midas asked that everything he touched be turned into gold.Not only is gold beautiful ,but it's virtually indestructible.It will not rust or corrode;gold coins and products fabricated from the metal have survived undamaged for centuries.Gold is extremely easy to work with;one ounce ,which is about the size of a cube of sugar can be beaten into a sheet nearly 100 square feet in size ,and becomes so thin that light pass through it.An ounce of gold can also be strethced into a wire 50 miles long.Gold conducts electricity better than any other substance except copper and silver ,and it is particularly important in the modern electronics industry.People have always longed to possess gold.Unfortunately ,this longing30 has also brought out the worst in the human character.The Spanish conquistadores robbed palaces ,temples ,and graves and killed thousands of Indians in their ruthless search for gold.Often the only rule in young California during the days of the gold rush was exercised by the mob with a rope.Even today ,the economic running of South Africa's gold mines depends largely on the employment of black laborers who are paid about &40 a month ,plus room and board ,and who must work in conditions that only be described as cruel.About 400 miners are killed in mine accidents in South Africa each year ,or one for every two tons of gold produced.Historically ,the desire to hoard gold at home has bee primarily an occupation of the working and peasant classes ,who have no faith in paper money.George Bernard Shaw defended their instinct eloquently :“You have to choose between trusting to the natural stability of gold and the natural stabilityof the honesty and intelligence fo the members of the government ,”he said ,“and with due respect to these gentlemen ,I advise you---to vote for gold.”

PS：聽力第一題 五個(gè)答案為：1.a good sampling 2.exotic birds 3.a safe distance 4.running a canoe 5.a close view

2016年浙大英語考博完形填空原文，各位考生可以回憶下 你選對(duì)了幾個(gè)~~~~~Gold

Mankind's fascination with gold is as old as civilization itself.The ancient Egypitains esteemed23 gold ,which had religious significance to them ,and King Tutankhamen was buried in a solid gold coffin 3,300 years ago.The wandering Israelites worshiped a golden calf ,and the legendary26 King Midas asked that everything he touched be turned into gold.Not only is gold beautiful ,but it's virtually indestructible.It will not rust or corrode;gold coins and products fabricated from the metal have survived undamaged for centuries.Gold is extremely easy to work with;one ounce ,which is about the size of a cube of sugar can be beaten into a sheet nearly 100 square feet in size ,and becomes so thin that light pass through it.An ounce of gold can also be strethced into a wire 50 miles long.Gold conducts electricity better than any other substance except copper and silver ,and it is particularly important in the modern electronics industry.People have always longed to possess gold.Unfortunately ,this longing30 has also brought out the worst in the human character.The Spanish conquistadores robbed palaces ,temples ,and graves and killed thousands of Indians in their ruthless search for gold.Often the only rule in young California during the days of the gold rush was exercised by the mob with a rope.Even today ,the economic running of South Africa's gold mines depends largely on the employment of black laborers who are paid about &40 a month ,plus room and board ,and who must work in conditions that only be described as cruel.About 400 miners are killed in mine accidents in South Africa each year ,or one for every two tons of gold produced.Historically ,the desire to hoard gold at home has bee primarily an occupation of the working and peasant classes ,who have no faith in paper money.George Bernard Shaw defended their instinct eloquently :“You have to choose between trusting to the natural stability of gold and the natural stabilityof the honesty and intelligence fo the members of the government ,”he said ,“and with due respect to these gentlemen ,I advise you---to vote for gold.”

翻譯原文

Researchers found that sport shoppers don't just bargain hunt for the best deals, but also for the thrill of it.研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，“運(yùn)動(dòng)型消費(fèi)者”不僅在尋找最優(yōu)價(jià)，他們還很享受買促銷品帶給他們的興奮感。

Professors from San Francisco State University revealed this new breed of shoppers and presented evidence that they have similar behaviors of competitive athletes in that they view bargain shopping as an achievement domain.Achievement goal theory, which describes the motivational behavior of sports athletes in achieving their athletic goals, was used in the study to better understand the motivation of sport shoppers.The study looked at American undergraduate students, who filled out open-ended surveys, participated in interviews and took part in closet inventories.The researchers then analyzed the information using three categories: task, ego and social approval.'This is somebody who takes great pride in their ability to get the thing they want at a discount,' said Kathleen O'Donnel, associate dean of the School of Business.'It's not about spending the least, it's about saving the most.' O'Donnell is the lead author on an article published online Nov.14 in the Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, with Judi Strebel, chair of the marketing department, and their Australian colleague Gary Mortimer of Queensland University as co-authors.The article, titled, 'The thrill of victory: Women and sport shopping,' will be published in print early in 2016.

第四篇：2013人大考博英語

2013英語

20分單選20個(gè) 20分完型20個(gè) 20分閱讀20個(gè)

20分翻譯英譯漢漢譯英 20分寫作 寫作題目

Major study and English learning

不少于200字 必須包括以下內(nèi)容

1.major study is your future 2.English study is important 3.How to manage the time between them

另外，翻譯挺難，英譯漢是關(guān)于communication technology的，里面有一些專業(yè)詞匯。漢譯英更變態(tài)，是一個(gè)青州佛像的翻譯，比如青州佛像最令人難忘的是它的笑容，他細(xì)細(xì)的眉眼，兩腮若隱若現(xiàn)的笑容，仿佛蕩漾著愉悅等等…..

第五篇：2016武大考博英語試題及答案

答案見附錄

2016武大博士生英語入學(xué)考試真題答案

I．Reading Comprehension(40分)(黃老師提供)BCAD ACBA DDCA DCAB CCBA

Part II English-Chinese Translation(5*4=20分)（方老師提供：標(biāo)答）

1.如果我們的時(shí)間使用得當(dāng)，就能生產(chǎn)出有用和重要的產(chǎn)品，在市場上買得一定的價(jià)錢；或者充實(shí)我們的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，增長我們的才干，待到適當(dāng)時(shí)機(jī)我們就能掙到金錢。

2.我們想到死便震驚不已，因而不惜一切努力、麻煩和費(fèi)用以保全生命?？墒俏覀儗?duì)于損失一個(gè)鐘頭或者一天時(shí)間往往漠不關(guān)心，忘記生命原來就是我們生活的每一天、每一小時(shí)的總和。

3.現(xiàn)在如果從我們的壽命中減去所有這些歲月，我們將發(fā)現(xiàn)，能讓我們用于有效工作的時(shí)間大概是15或20年左右。誰能記住這一點(diǎn)，就不會(huì)心甘情愿地浪費(fèi)他生命的每時(shí)每刻。

4.如果我們讓生命的早晨時(shí)光悄悄溜走而未加利用，我們將永遠(yuǎn)無法彌補(bǔ)這種損失。等我們長大了，獲得知識(shí)的能力就變得遲鈍了，因此在童年和青年時(shí)期沒能獲得的知識(shí)或技能將永遠(yuǎn)不能獲得了。

Part III Chinese-English Translation(20分)（方老師提供：標(biāo)答）

We are not sure what “intelligence” is, not what is passed on.However, the fact does not prevent us from finding it a very useful concept, and placing a certain amount of reliance on tests which “measure” it.In an intelligence test we take a sample of an individual’s ability to solve puzzles and problems of various kinds, and if we have taken a representative sample, it will allow us to predict successfully the level of performance he will reach in a wide variety of occupations.The Education Act 1944 passed by the British parliament made secondary schooling for all become law.Grammar schools, with the exception of small number of independent foundation schools, became available to the whole population.Since the number of grammar schools in the country could accommodate at most approximately 25 percent of the total child population of eleven-plus, some kind of selection had to be made.Narrowly academic examinations and tests were considered to be in favor of children who had had the advantage of highly-academic primary schools and academically biased homes.Intelligence tests were then devised to counteract this narrow specialization, by introducing problems which were not based on knowledge from books.In other words, the intelligence test attempts to assess the general ability of any child to think, reason, judge, analyze and synthesize, mainly by presenting him with different actual situations within his range of competence and understanding.Part IV Writing 20分（牟老師提供）Sample1

Paper Book or Electronic Book Nowadays many electronic devices emerge, such as kindle, providing possibility for electronic books.However, most of the readers still prefer reading in the traditional way instead of electronic books.Why do the paper books win the landslide victory? Apparently, paper books are of greater collection value than the electronic book.Some readers are looking forward to a blissful atmosphere with a book in hand, sitting in the sunshine comfortably.An electronic book can never fulfill the desire for this atmosphere.What’s more, the paper book is better for the eyes while the screen of electronic book may do harm to the retina to some extent.Using the electronic devices, the readers are absent-minded more easily as there exist many temptations.What we can’t deny, nevertheless, is that the electronic book has its own special merits as well.First of all, it’s much cheaper.Then, it’s easier to be carried with.While some readers have to put a heavy paper book in the bag, the e-book reader merely take the phone.Also, the electronic book has a larger coverage as some books or essays don’t have the paper version.Generally speaking, the paper books are irreplaceable, still playing the dominant role in reading market.Electronic books are also indispensable.We readers should use these ways correctly.Sample 2

Reading in an Old-fashioned Way As scientific development has been a new trend of this era, words prefixed with an “e-” has been widely-used and gradually become a part of our daily routine.It’s an era of information explosion and the creation and innovation of E-book technology meets the requirements and developments of the network society.However, according to the survey, e-book sales dropped in the United States, as well as in the United Kingdom.It seems that people tend to read in the old-fashioned way.In my point of view, the reasons of this phenomena are as follows.First of all, paper books can easily make people calm down.Leafing through pages and feeling the unique scent of paper is absorbing and intriguing.Secondly, books printed on paper are easily shared by people, since reading is not an individual activity.Thirdly, nowadays people enjoy the relative informality of reading, and reading paper books is a good way to make people totally unrestricted by time and space.Last but not the least, paper books are cheaper than an e-book electronic screen.Generally speaking, reading in an old-fashioned way can also meet the multiple needs of people nowadays.Scientific innovation gives us more choices and we are happy to enjoy the convenience of this golden times.However, reading in an old-fashioned way in the era of information fragmentation is some kind of habit that we should retain.