第一篇：華北電力大學熱能與動力工程專業(yè)英語課堂作業(yè)翻譯

1.如圖1-1(a)所示，由活塞和氣缸組成的裝置中裝有1kg水。假定活塞和其上的重物使氣缸內壓強維持在0.1Mpa，初始溫度20℃。當有熱量開始傳遞給水時，缸內水溫迅速上升，而比容略有增加，氣缸內壓強保持恒定不變。當水溫達到99.6℃時，如若再增加傳熱量，水將發(fā)生相變，如圖1-1(b)所示。也就是說，一部分水開始氣化變?yōu)檎羝诖讼嘧冞^程中，溫度和壓強始終保持不變，但比容卻有大幅度的增加。當最后一滴液體被氣化時，進一步的加熱將使蒸汽溫度和比容均有所增加，如同1-1(c)所示。

現(xiàn)代660MW燃煤鍋爐有大約6000噸的壓力部件，包括500千米的受熱面管材，3.5千米連接管與聯(lián)箱和30000個管接頭焊口。

這是經過大約50年發(fā)展的結果，并形成了煤粉在具有蒸發(fā)管束的爐膛燃燒，煙氣然后流經對流過熱器和熱回收表面的基本概念并保留至今。蒸汽參數的提高，機組容量的增大及燃料燃燒特性的改進都要求在材料、制造技術和運行程序上相應發(fā)展。

所有大型汽輪發(fā)電機轉子在制造時，都規(guī)定要做耐超速20%試驗。這樣在轉子的運行轉速范圍內，能夠保證很好的轉子平衡。從而在由電網系統(tǒng)擾動引起的正常超速和超速螺栓試驗中經常的10%超速中，能有足夠的余度。另外對轉子進行超速試驗還能驗證鍛件，因為在超速運行時，轉子的離心應力要大于常規(guī)運行中的離心應力，由此為衡量防止轉子自發(fā)快速斷裂的裕度提供了定量手段

凝汽器是一個大型表面式換熱器，進入凝汽器的蒸汽被凝結，從附近的河或湖中抽取的循環(huán)水將所產生的潛熱帶走。循環(huán)水由電動或汽動循環(huán)水泵泵入凝汽器。因為進入凝汽器蒸汽的流量極大，不可避免的會有一定比例的氣體不發(fā)生凝結。為了在凝汽器中建立并保持一個非常接近真空狀態(tài)的負壓，必須從凝汽器殼體中去除這些“不凝結氣體”。通常通過射汽抽氣器去除這些氣體，它的主要組成是一個噴嘴，蒸汽通過噴嘴獲得很高的流速，從而帶走那些不凝結的的氣體。然后流經噴嘴的蒸汽(作為原動力的蒸汽)和被其機械攜帶的不凝結氣體進入通常被稱作二次凝汽器的換熱裝置，蒸汽在環(huán)境壓力下凝結，不凝結氣體被排入大氣。射汽抽氣器置于一個或兩個級內，本質上是一臺壓縮機，它將不凝結蒸氣的壓力從幾乎完全真空提高到大氣壓來清除掉。

5.如圖5-6所示的三沖量就是汽包水位蒸汽流量和給水流量。該系統(tǒng)中基本的控制是依據蒸汽流量和給水量之間的關系。該閉環(huán)系統(tǒng)中在正常的穩(wěn)定狀態(tài)下汽包水位處于恰當值此時蒸汽流量和給水流量之比為11。該條件的仸何變化都將產生一施加在給水控制閥上的控制信號液位信號也會引起給水閥的重新調整仍而把液位信號調整回期望值?？刂葡到y(tǒng)中的給水流量測量信號用于決定給水管路中調節(jié)閥的開度仍而使得流入的給水量和鍋爐的蒸汽輸出量相等。因此調節(jié)閥前給水壓力的仸何變化所導致的給水流量變化將由流量計立刻檢測出來調節(jié)閥將起作用。

第二篇：熱能與動力工程專業(yè)英語

強度量：intensive properties do not depend on mass（e,g,p,ρ,ν=1/ρ,u and h）,extensive properties depend on the total mass of the system（e,g,V,M,U,and H）.Uppercase letters are usually used for extensive properties.準平衡：equilibrium：states of a system are most conveniently described when the system is in equilibrium, i.e.it is in steady-state.Often we will consider process thatchange “slowly”-termed quasi-equilibrium or quasi-static process.A process is quasi-equilibrium if the time rate of change of the process is slow relative to the time it takes for the system to reach thermodynamic equilibrium.It is necessary that a system be quasi-equilibrium before applying many of the thermodynamics relations to that system.熱力學第一二定律：In simplest terms,the law of thermodynamics dictate the specific for the movement of heat andwork.Basically,the First Law of Thermodynamic is a statement of the conservation of energy-the Second Law is a statement about the direction of that conservation-and the Tired Law is a statement about reaching absolute Zero.The first law of thermodynamic is a statement of the principle of conservation of energy.It can also be considered as defining a property,the internal energy.The Second law of Thermodynamic states that in all energy exchanges,if no energy enters or leaves the system,the potential energy of the state will always be less than that of the initial states.This is also commonly referred to as entropy.舉例說明熱力學定律應用：a cup of hot coffee left on a table eventually cools,but a cup of cool coffee in the same room never gets hot by itself.The high-temperature energy of the coffee is degraded(transformed into a less useful form at a lower temperature)once it is transferred to the surrounding air.An ordinary house is,in some respects,an exhibition hall filled with womders of thermodynamics.Many ordinary household utensils and applicances are designed,in whole or in part,by using the principles of thermodynamics.Some examples include the electric or gas range,the heating and air-condition systems,the refrigerator,the humidifier,the pressure cooker,the water heater,the iron,and even the computer,and the TV.On a large scale,thermodynamics plays a major part in the design and analysis of automotive engines,rockets,jet engine,and conventional or nuclear power plans,solar collectors,and the design of vehicle form ordinary cars to airplanes.絕熱系統(tǒng)：isolated systems：not exchangeing heat,matter or work with their environment.開口系統(tǒng)：exchanging energy(heat and work)and matter with their environment.閉口系統(tǒng)：exchangeing energy(heat and work)but not matter with their environment.孤立系統(tǒng)：rigid boundary :not allowing exchange of work.輻射換熱:The mechanism in this case is electromagnetic radiation.We shall limit our discussion to electromagnetic radiation which is propagated as a result of a temperature difference;this is called thermal radiation.對流傳熱:when a fluid at rest or in motion is in contact with a surface at a temperature different from the plate ,energy flows in the direction of the lower temperature as required by the principle of thermodynamics.we say that heat is convected away ,and we call the process convection heat transfer.對流傳熱的方式:There are two convection modes :forced convection and natural convection.If a heated plate were exposed to ambient room air without an external source of motion ,a movement of the air would be experienced as a result of the density gradients near the plate.We call this natural ,or free ,convection as opposed to forced convection ,which is experienced in the case of the fan blowing air over a plate.傳熱學:Heat transfer is the science that seeks to predict the energy transfer that may take place between material bodies as a result of a temperature difference.傳熱學和熱力學的區(qū)別:Thermodynamics teaches that this energy transfer is defined as heat.The science of heat transfer seeks not merely to explain how heat energy may be transferred ,but also to predict the rate at which the exchange will take place under certain specified conditions.The fact that a heat-transfer rate is the desired objective of an analysis points out the difference between heat transfer and thermodynamics.Thermodynamics deals with systems in equilibrium;it may be used to predict the amount of energy required to change a system from one equilibrium state to another;it may not be used to predict how fast a change will take place since the system is not in equilibrium during the process.Heat transfer supplements the first and second principles of thermodynamics by providing additional experimental rules which may be used to establish energy-transfer rates.As in the science of thermodynamics ,the experimental rules used as a basis of the subject of heat transfer are rather simple and easily expanded to encompass a variety of practical situations.影響輻射傳熱的因素：To take account of the “gray” nature of such surface we introduce another factor into

Equation ,called the emissive ε:which relates the radiation of the “gray”surface to that of an ideal black surface.We must take into account the fact that not all the radiation leaving one surface will reach the other surface since electromagnic radiation travels in straight lines and some will be lost to the surroundings.熱能與動力工程thermal energy and power engineering 能量轉化energy-transfer 比例常數proportionality constant 比例系數proportionality factor 活性中心active center 對流傳熱convection heat transfer 電磁輻射electromagnetic radiation 角系數view factor 準靜態(tài)過程quasi-static process 準平衡quasi-equilibrium 靜態(tài)平衡static equilibrium 強度參數intensive property 廣延參數extensive property 燃燒機理combustion mechanism平均分子運動average molecular motion 熱反應堆thermal reactor 熱力學性質 thermodynamic property 摩爾熱容molar heat capacity 動能kinetic energy 壓縮因子compressibility factor 溫度傳感器temperature sensor 測量電路measurement circuit 電壓輸出voltage output 靜電荷electrostatic charge 勵磁電源excitation power 內能internal energy 能量原理energy principle 能量平衡energy balance 能量守恒conservation of energy 剪切應力shear force/stress 角速度angular velocity 速度梯度velocity gradient 溫度梯度temperature gradient 一維one-dimensional 機械能mechanical energy 內能internal energy 動能kinetic energy 勢能potential energy 凝固/硬化take a set 流體動力學fluid dynamic hydrodynamics 蒸汽發(fā)生系統(tǒng)steam generating system 輔助設備auxiliary equipment 空煤比the air-coal ratio 質量作用定律the law of mass action 阿倫尼烏斯定律arrhennius law 活化分子active molecule 活化分子碎片active molecule fragments 活化能activation energy

自由價free valency 支鏈反應定律the law of branched chain reactions 化學反應方程式stoichiometric equation 活化中心active centres 能級energy levels 甲烷methane ch4 壓縮機compressor 冷凝器condenser 膨脹閥expansion valve 可逆reversible 絕熱adiabatic 等熵isentropic 余隙容積clearance volume 比容specific volume 壓力損失pressure loss 溶液給水溫度liquid feed temperature 體積流速the volume flow rate 液壓頭liquid head 成比例的proportional 成反比例的inversely proportional 熱力學定律principles of thermodynamics平衡溫度equilibrium temperature 相變phase change 導熱性thermal conductivity 傳熱系數heat transfer coefficient 強制對流forced convection 自然對流natural convection 外表面external surface 焓enthalpy 熵entropy 對流傳熱convection heat transfer 牛頓冷卻公式Newton law of cooling 流體物性properties of the liquid 質量流量比mass flow ratio 電磁輻射能electromagnetic energy 熱輻射thermal radiation 凈輻射量net radiation 流體力學fluid mechanics 熱力學性質thermodynamic property 牛頓粘性定律Newton law of vosicosity 溫熵圖temperature-entropy diagram 回轉式發(fā)動機rotary engine 汽輪機steam turbine 光化學煙霧photochemical smog 核電站nuclear power plant 流化床燃燒fluildized bed combustion 余熱鍋爐a heat recovery builer 表面積surface area

強度量：intensive properties do not depend on mass（e,g,p,ρ,ν=1/ρ,u and h）,extensive properties depend on the total mass of the system（e,g,V,M,U,and H）.Uppercase letters are usually used for extensive properties.準平衡：equilibrium：states of a system are most conveniently described when the system is in equilibrium, i.e.it is in steady-state.Often we will consider process thatchange “slowly”-termed quasi-equilibrium or quasi-static process.A process is quasi-equilibrium if the time rate of change of the process is slow relative to the time it takes for the system to reach thermodynamic equilibrium.It is necessary that a system be quasi-equilibrium before applying many of the thermodynamics relations to that system.熱力學第一二定律：In simplest terms,the law of thermodynamics dictate the specific for the movement of heat andwork.Basically,the First Law of Thermodynamic is a statement of the conservation of energy-the Second Law is a statement about the direction of that conservation-and the Tired Law is a statement about reaching absolute Zero.The first law of thermodynamic is a statement of the principle of conservation of energy.It can also be considered as defining a property,the internal energy.The Second law of Thermodynamic states that in all energy exchanges,if no energy enters or leaves the system,the potential energy of the state will always be less than that of the initial states.This is also commonly referred to as entropy.舉例說明熱力學定律應用：a cup of hot coffee left on a table eventually cools,but a cup of cool coffee in the same room never gets hot by itself.The high-temperature energy of the coffee is degraded(transformed into a less useful form at a lower temperature)once it is transferred to the surrounding air.An ordinary house is,in some respects,an exhibition hall filled with womders of thermodynamics.Many ordinary household utensils and applicances are designed,in whole or in part,by using the principles of thermodynamics.Some examples include the electric or gas range,the heating and air-condition systems,the refrigerator,the humidifier,the pressure cooker,the water heater,the iron,and even the computer,and the TV.On a large scale,thermodynamics plays a major part in the design and analysis of automotive engines,rockets,jet engine,and conventional or nuclear power plans,solar collectors,and the design of vehicle form ordinary cars to airplanes.絕熱系統(tǒng)：isolated systems：not exchangeing heat,matter or work with their environment.開口系統(tǒng)：exchanging energy(heat and work)and matter with their environment.閉口系統(tǒng)：exchangeing energy(heat and work)but not matter with their environment.孤立系統(tǒng)：rigid boundary :not allowing exchange of work.輻射換熱:The mechanism in this case is electromagnetic radiation.We shall limit our discussion to electromagnetic radiation which is propagated as a result of a temperature difference;this is called thermal radiation.對流傳熱:when a fluid at rest or in motion is in contact with a surface at a temperature different from the plate ,energy flows in the direction of the lower temperature as required by the principle of thermodynamics.we say that heat is convected away ,and we call the process convection heat transfer.對流傳熱的方式:There are two convection modes :forced convection and natural convection.If a heated plate were exposed to ambient room air without an external source of motion ,a movement of the air would be experienced as a result of the density gradients near the plate.We call this natural ,or free ,convection as opposed to forced convection ,which is experienced in the case of the fan blowing air over a plate.傳熱學:Heat transfer is the science that seeks to predict the energy transfer that may take place between material bodies as a result of a temperature difference.傳熱學和熱力學的區(qū)別:Thermodynamics teaches that this energy transfer is defined as heat.The science of heat transfer seeks not merely to explain how heat energy may be transferred ,but also to predict the rate at which the exchange will take place under certain specified conditions.The fact that a heat-transfer rate is the desired objective of an analysis points out the difference between heat transfer and thermodynamics.Thermodynamics deals with systems in equilibrium;it may be used to predict the amount of energy required to change a system from one equilibrium state to another;it may not be used to predict how fast a change will take place since the system is not in equilibrium during the process.Heat transfer supplements the first and second principles of thermodynamics by providing additional experimental rules which may be used to establish energy-transfer rates.As in the science of thermodynamics ,the experimental rules used as a basis of the subject of heat transfer are rather simple and easily expanded to encompass a variety of practical situations.影響輻射傳熱的因素：To take account of the “gray” nature of such surface we introduce another factor into

Equation ,called the emissive ε:which relates the radiation of the “gray”surface to that of an ideal black surface.We must take into account the fact that not all the radiation leaving one surface will reach the other surface since electromagnic radiation travels in straight lines and some will be lost to the surroundings

熱能與動力工程thermal energy and power engineering 能量轉化energy-transfer 比例常數proportionality constant 比例系數proportionality factor 活性中心active center 對流傳熱convection heat transfer 電磁輻射electromagnetic radiation 角系數view factor 準靜態(tài)過程quasi-static process 準平衡quasi-equilibrium 靜態(tài)平衡static equilibrium 強度參數intensive property 廣延參數extensive property 燃燒機理combustion mechanism平均分子運動average molecular motion 熱反應堆thermal reactor 熱力學性質 thermodynamic property 摩爾熱容molar heat capacity 動能kinetic energy 壓縮因子compressibility factor 溫度傳感器temperature sensor 測量電路measurement circuit 電壓輸出voltage output 靜電荷electrostatic charge 勵磁電源excitation power 內能internal energy 能量原理energy principle 能量平衡energy balance 能量守恒conservation of energy 剪切應力shear force/stress 角速度angular velocity 速度梯度velocity gradient 溫度梯度temperature gradient 一維one-dimensional 機械能mechanical energy 內能internal energy 動能kinetic energy 勢能potential energy 凝固/硬化take a set 流體動力學fluid dynamic hydrodynamics 蒸汽發(fā)生系統(tǒng)steam generating system 輔助設備auxiliary equipment 空煤比the air-coal ratio 質量作用定律the law of mass action 阿倫尼烏斯定律arrhennius law 活化分子active molecule 活化分子碎片active molecule fragments 活化能activation energy 自由價free valency

支鏈反應定律the law of branched chain reactions 化學反應方程式stoichiometric equation 活化中心active centres 能級energy levels 甲烷methane ch4 壓縮機compressor 冷凝器condenser 膨脹閥expansion valve 可逆reversible 絕熱adiabatic 等熵isentropic 余隙容積clearance volume 比容specific volume 壓力損失pressure loss 溶液給水溫度liquid feed temperature 體積流速the volume flow rate 液壓頭liquid head 成比例的proportional 成反比例的inversely proportional 熱力學定律principles of thermodynamics平衡溫度equilibrium temperature 相變phase change 導熱性thermal conductivity 傳熱系數heat transfer coefficient 強制對流forced convection 自然對流natural convection 外表面external surface 焓enthalpy 熵entropy 對流傳熱convection heat transfer 牛頓冷卻公式Newton law of cooling 流體物性properties of the liquid 質量流量比mass flow ratio 電磁輻射能electromagnetic energy 熱輻射thermal radiation 凈輻射量net radiation 流體力學fluid mechanics 熱力學性質thermodynamic property 牛頓粘性定律Newton law of vosicosity 溫熵圖temperature-entropy diagram 回轉式發(fā)動機rotary engine 汽輪機steam turbine 光化學煙霧photochemical smog 核電站nuclear power plant 流化床燃燒fluildized bed combustion 余熱鍋爐a heat recovery builer 表面積surface area

第三篇：熱能與動力工程專業(yè)英語重點 原版

1.開口系統(tǒng)：與外界既有物質交換又有能量交換，把研究對象控制在某個空間。---定容積系統(tǒng) An Open system(or a control volume 控制體積）is a properly selected region in space.Both mass and energy can cross the boundary of a control volume.such as, A Water heater, a turbine and acompressor, etc

2.閉口系統(tǒng)：系統(tǒng)與外界只有能量（功量、熱量）的交換而無質量交換?！ㄙ|量系統(tǒng)A Closed system(a control mass控制質量)consists of a fixed amount of mass, and no mass can cross its boundary.That is, no mass enters or leave a closed system.such as, Piston-cylinder device(汽缸-活塞裝置）

3.絕熱系統(tǒng)：系統(tǒng)與外界只有功量和質量的交換，而無熱量的交換。Adiabatic system is that no heat cross the boundary or heat is negligible compared with work cross the boundary

4.孤立系統(tǒng)：系統(tǒng)與外界既無能量交換又無質量交換，即系統(tǒng)與環(huán)境不發(fā)生任何作用。Isolated system is a special case that no mass and energy cross the boundary.5.熱力學第一定律：自然界一切物體都具有能量，能量有各種不同形式，它能從一種形式轉化為另一種形式，從一個物體傳遞給另一個物體，在轉化和傳遞過程中能量的總和不變。The first explicit statement of the first law of thermodynamics：“In all cases in which work is produced by the agency of heat, a quantity of heat is consumed which is proportional to the work done;and conversely, by the expenditure of an equal quantity of work an equal quantity of heat is produced.”

6.熱力學第二定律：不可能把熱從低溫物體傳到高溫物體而不產生其他影響；不可能從單一熱源取熱使之完全轉換為有用的功而不產生其他影響；不可逆熱力過程中熵的微增量總是大于零。

Second law of thermodynamics： Impossible to heat from low temperature to high temperature object object does not produce other effects;not possible from a single heat source heat so completely converted into useful work and does not produce other effects;irreversible thermodynamic entropy in the process of the incremental volume is always greater than zero.7.鍋爐：鍋爐利用熱量使水轉變成蒸汽以進行各種利用。Boilers use heat to convert water into steam for a variety of applications.8.汽輪機：將蒸汽的熱能轉換為機械能的葉輪式旋轉原動機。

Steam Turbine is the impeller rotating prime moverthatthe thermal energy of the steam is converted to mechanical energy。

9.省煤器：省煤器（英文名稱Economizer）就是鍋爐尾部煙道中將鍋爐給水加熱成汽包壓力下的飽和水的受熱面。The economizer(Name Economizer)is the rear of the boiler flue of the boiler feed water is heated into steam drum pressure saturated water heating surface。

10.空預器：空氣預熱器就是鍋爐尾部煙道中的煙氣通過內部的散熱片將進入鍋爐前的空氣預熱到一定溫度的受熱面。The air preheater through the fins of the internal heating surface will enter the air is preheated to a certain

temperature in the boiler before the flue gas in the rear of the boiler flue.11.反動度：蒸汽在動葉柵中的等熵焓降與級的等熵焓降之比

The degree of reaction is steam Rotor Cascade isentropic enthalpy drop class isentropic enthalpy drop ratio.12.狀態(tài)：某一瞬間熱力系所呈現(xiàn)的宏觀狀況

State: it reveals the physical condition of a system.13.狀態(tài)參數：描述系統(tǒng)宏觀物理狀況的物理量,簡稱參數Properties are used todepictanycharacteristic of a system.14.比體積：單位質量的物質所占有的體積，用v表示。

Specific volume is the reciprocal of density and is defined as volume per unit mass.15.真空度：表示絕對壓力低于大氣壓力的量值

Vacuum pressure（真空度）：Pressures below atmosphere pressure.It is the pressure difference between atmospheric and system pressure when system pressure is lower than atmospheric And it is denoted as PVAC or H.16.如果兩個系統(tǒng)分別與第三個系統(tǒng)處于熱平衡，則兩個系統(tǒng)彼此必然處于熱平衡。

If two bodies are in thermal equilibrium with a third body, they are also in thermal equilibrium with each other.17.平衡狀態(tài)：所謂平衡狀態(tài)就是指在沒有外界影響的情況下，系統(tǒng)的狀態(tài)不隨時間而發(fā)生變化。

A system in equilibrium experiences no changes with time when it is isolated from its surroundings.18.熱力系統(tǒng)經過一系列變化回到初態(tài)，這一系列變化過程稱為熱力循環(huán)。

A system is said to have undergone a cycle if it returns to its initial state at the end of the process

12.A turbine cylinder(汽輪機汽缸）isessentialapressurevesselwithit’sweightsupportedateachend onthehorizontalcenterline.19.熱力系統(tǒng)的定義（Definition）

系統(tǒng)就是指被選做研究對象的物體或空間。（A quantity of matter or a region in space chosen for study.）

20.熱平衡（Thermal equilibrium）

If the temperature is the same throughout the entiresystem.

第四篇：熱能與動力工程

熱能與動力工程

業(yè)務培養(yǎng)目標

本專業(yè)培養(yǎng)具備熱能工程、傳熱學、流體力學、動力機械、動力工程等方面基礎知識，能在國民經濟和部門，從事動力機械(如熱力發(fā)動機、流體機械、水力機械)的動力工程(如熱電廠工程、水電動力工程、制冷及低溫工程、空調工程)的設計、制造、運行、管理、實驗研究和安裝、開發(fā)、營銷等方面的高級工程技術人才。考慮學生在寬厚基礎上的專業(yè)發(fā)展，將熱能與動力工程專業(yè)分成以下四個專業(yè)方向：

（1）以熱能轉換與利用系統(tǒng)為主的熱能動力工程及控制方向(含能源環(huán)境工程方向)；

（2）以內燃機及其驅動系統(tǒng)為主的熱力發(fā)動機及汽車工程方向；

（3）以電能轉換為機械功為主的流體機械與制冷低溫工程方向；

（4）以機械功轉換為電能為主的水利水電動力工程方向。

業(yè)務培養(yǎng)要求

本專業(yè)學生主要學習動力工程及工程熱物理的基礎理論，學習各種能量轉換及有效利用的理論和技術，受到現(xiàn)代動力工程師的基本訓練；具有進行動力機械與熱工設備設計、運行、實驗研究的基本能力。

畢業(yè)生應獲得以下幾方面的知識和能力：

1.具有較扎實的自然科學基礎，較好的人文、藝術和社會科學基礎及正確運用本國語言、文字的表達能力；

2.較系統(tǒng)地掌握本專業(yè)領域寬廣的技術理論基礎知識，主要包括工程力學、機械學、工程熱物理、流體力學、電工與電子學、控制理論、市場經濟及企業(yè)管理等基礎知識；

3.獲得本專業(yè)領域的工程實踐訓練，具有較強的計算機和外語應用能力；

4.具有本專業(yè)領域內某個專業(yè)方向所必要的專業(yè)知識，了解其科學前沿及發(fā)展趨勢；

5.具有較強的自學能力、創(chuàng)新意識和較高的綜合素質。

培養(yǎng)目標

本專業(yè)主要培養(yǎng)能源轉換與利用和熱力環(huán)境保護領域具有扎實的理論基礎，較強的實踐、適應和創(chuàng)新能力，較高的道德素質和文化素質的高級人才，以滿足社會對該能源動力學科領域的科研、設計、教學、工程技術、經營管理等各方面的人才需求。學生應具備寬廣的自然科學、人文和社會科學知識，熱學、力學、電學、機械、自動控制、系統(tǒng)工程等寬厚理論基礎、熱能動力工程專業(yè)知識和實踐能力，掌握計算機應用與自動控制技術方面的知識。畢業(yè)生能從事能源與動力工程及相關方面的研究、教學、開發(fā)、制造、安裝、檢修、策劃、管理和營銷等工作。也可在本專業(yè)或其它相關專業(yè)繼續(xù)深造，攻讀碩士、博士學位。

主干學科

動力工程與工程熱物理、機械工程

主要課程

工程力學、機械設計基礎、機械制圖、電工與電子技術、工程熱力學、流體力學、傳熱學、控制理論、測試技術等

主要實踐性教學環(huán)節(jié)：包括軍訓、金工、電工、電子實習、認識實習、生產實習、社會實踐、課程設計、畢業(yè)設計(論文)等，一般應安排40周以上。

主要專業(yè)實驗

傳熱學實驗、工程熱力學實驗、動力工程測試技術實驗等

知識結構要求

工具性知識

比較系統(tǒng)地掌握一門外語，掌握外文科技寫作知識。掌握計算機軟、硬件技術的基本知識，具有在本專業(yè)與相關領域的計算機應用與開發(fā)能力；掌握通過網絡獲取信息的知識、方法與工具。能夠進行中外文文獻檢索。自然科學知識

掌握高等數學、大學物理、工程化學、生命科學、環(huán)境科學等方面的知識。

學科技術基礎知識

掌握工程制圖、工程數學、理論力學、材料力學、機械設計基礎、金屬工藝學、電工學、電子技術基礎、工程流體力學、工程熱力學、傳熱學、計算機原理與應用、自動控制原理等方面的知識(對水利水電動力工程方向，工程熱力學、傳熱學知識要求可適當降低)。

專業(yè)知識

根據本專業(yè)人才培養(yǎng)目標和培養(yǎng)規(guī)格，因專業(yè)方向的不同而有所差別。

（1）熱能動力及控制工程方向(含能源環(huán)境工程方向)

主要掌握熱能與動力測試技術、鍋爐原理、汽輪機原理、燃燒污染與環(huán)境、動力機械設計、熱力發(fā)電廠、熱工自動控制、傳熱傳質數值計算、流體機械等知識。

（2）熱力發(fā)動機及汽車工程方向

掌握內燃機（或透平機）原理、結構，設計，測試，燃料和燃燒，熱力發(fā)動機排放與環(huán)境工程，能源工程概論，內燃機電子控制，熱力發(fā)動機傳熱和熱負荷，汽車工程概論等方面的知識。

（3）制冷低溫工程與流體機械方向

掌握制冷、低溫原理、人工環(huán)境自動化、暖通空調系統(tǒng)、低溫技術學、熱工過程自動化、流體機械原理、流體機械系統(tǒng)仿真與控制等方面的知識。使學生掌握該方向所涉及的制冷空調系統(tǒng)、低溫系統(tǒng)，制冷空調與低溫各種設備和裝置，各種軸流式、離心式壓縮機和各種容積式壓縮機的基本理論和知識。

（4）水利水電動力工程方向

掌握水輪機、水輪機安裝檢修與運行、水力機組輔助設備、水輪機調節(jié)、現(xiàn)代控制理論、發(fā)電廠自動化、電機學、發(fā)電廠電氣設備、繼電保護原理等方面的知識，以及水電廠計算機監(jiān)控和水電廠現(xiàn)代測試技術方面的知識。

也就是說，本專業(yè)學生應具有如下知識和能力，并根據培養(yǎng)規(guī)格的不同而有所側重：

（1）具有較扎實的自然科學基礎，熟練掌握高等數學、工程數學、大學物理、工程化學等基礎性課程的基本理論和應用方法；具有較好的人文、藝術和社會科學基礎及正確應用本國語言、文字的表達能力。

（2）掌握一門外國語，具有較好的聽、說、讀、寫能力，能較順利地閱讀本專業(yè)的外文書籍和資料。若外語為英語應達到國家四級以上水平（含四級）。

（3）系統(tǒng)地掌握本專業(yè)必需的技術基礎理論，主要包括力學理論（理論力學、材料力學、流體力學），熱學理論（熱力學、傳熱學等），機械設計基本理論，電工與電子基本理論，自動控制理論，能源動力工程基礎理論等。

（4）熟悉本專業(yè)領域內1～2個專業(yè)方向或有關方面的專業(yè)知識，了解其學科前沿和發(fā)展趨勢。

（5）具有本專業(yè)必需的制圖、計算、測試、調研、查閱文獻和基本工藝、操作、運行等基本技能。

（6）具有一定計算機相關知識和較強的計算機應用能力，較熟練使用計算機工具，解決工程中的有關問題。

（7）具有較強的自學能力、分析能力和創(chuàng)新意識。

就業(yè)方向

畢業(yè)生可在大型企業(yè)、相關公司以及相關的研究所、設計院、高等院校和管理部門從事熱能工程方面的研究與設計、產品開發(fā)、制造、試驗、管理、教學等工作

修業(yè)年限四年

第五篇：熱能與動力工程

熱能與動力工程專業(yè)

熱能與動力工程專業(yè)業(yè)務培養(yǎng)目標：業(yè)務培養(yǎng)目標：本專業(yè)培養(yǎng)具備熱能工程、傳熱學、流體力學、動力機械、動力工程等方面基礎知識，能在國民經濟各部門，從事動力機械(如熱力發(fā)動機、流體機械、水力機械)的動力工程(如熱電廠工程、水電動力工程、制冷及低溫工程、空調工程)的設計、制造、運行、管理、實驗研究和安裝、開發(fā)、營銷等方面的高級工程技術人才。業(yè)務培養(yǎng)要求：本專業(yè)學生主要學習動力工程及工程熱物理的基礎理論，學習各種能量轉換及有效利用的理論和技術，受到現(xiàn)代動力工程師的基本訓練；具有進行動力機械與熱工設備設計、運行、實驗研究的基本能力。畢業(yè)生應獲得以下幾方面的知識和能力：1．具有較扎實的自然科學基礎，較好的人文、藝術和社會科學基礎及正確運用本國語言、文字的表達能力；2．較系統(tǒng)地掌握本專業(yè)領域寬廣的技術理論基礎知識，主要包括工程力學、機械學、工程熱物理、流體力學、電工與電子學、控制理論、市場經濟及企業(yè)管理等基礎知識；3．獲得本專業(yè)領域的工程實踐訓練，具有較強的計算機和外語應用能力；4．具有本專業(yè)領域內某個專業(yè)方向所必要的專業(yè)知識，了解其科學前沿及發(fā)展趨勢；5．具有較強的自學能力、創(chuàng)新意識和較高的綜合素質。主干課程：主干學科：動力工程與工程規(guī)物理、機械工程。主要課程：工程力學、機械設計基礎、電工與電子技術、工程熱力學、流體力學、傳熱學、控制理論、測試技術。主要實踐性教學環(huán)節(jié)：包括軍訓，金工、電工、電子實習，認識實習，生產實習，社會實踐，課程設計，畢業(yè)設計(論文)等，一般應安排40周以上。修業(yè)年限：四年授予學位：工學學士相近專業(yè)：熱能與動力工程 核工程與核技術 能源動力系統(tǒng)及自動化 工程物理 能源與環(huán)境系統(tǒng)工程專業(yè)前景 本專業(yè)（流體機械與流體工程方向）以流體工程及機械工程為基礎，主要研究流體機械的各種能量轉換及有效利用的理論和技術，掌握流體機械設計、制造、試驗、應用和管理等基本能力。隨著國民經濟和社會的不斷發(fā)展，流體機械與流體工程方向的研究領域已涵蓋農業(yè)、工業(yè)、水利、環(huán)保、航天、國防等各個部門，以上各行業(yè)對掌握流體機械及流體工程基礎理論的人才的需求不斷增加，尤其是近年來計算流體力學的發(fā)展使流體機械及流體工程在各行業(yè)的應用不斷深入，應用范圍不斷拓寬。培養(yǎng)目標 本專業(yè)培養(yǎng)具備流體工程、流體力學、流體機械、動力機械、水利工程等方面基礎知識，能從事流體機械（水泵、水輪機、灌排設備等）和流體工程的科研、設計、制造、試驗、運行管理和經營銷售等方面工作的高級工程技術人才。就業(yè)方向 學生畢業(yè)后可到相關的國家機關、科研院所、流體機械制造企業(yè)以及水電行業(yè)、航空航天部門、水利部門及與流體工程設計相關的其他單位從事生產、教學、科研、銷售、管理等工作。深造情況 可攻讀流體機械及工程、農業(yè)水土工程專業(yè)碩士學位和水動力學與水力機械、農業(yè)水土工程專業(yè)博士學位，也可碩博連讀。每年約有1/3的應屆本科畢業(yè)生考取研究生繼續(xù)深造