第一篇：新題快遞：第二輪中美戰(zhàn)略與經(jīng)濟對話開幕

新題快遞：第二輪中美戰(zhàn)略與經(jīng)濟對話開幕 山東

李梅

劉維忠

閱讀以下材料，回答問題。

材料一 中國網(wǎng)絡(luò)電視臺2010年5月24日消息（新聞聯(lián)播）： 第二輪中美戰(zhàn)略與經(jīng)濟對話今天在北京人民大會堂開幕。

材料二 新浪網(wǎng)2010年5月25日消息：科技部副部長曹建林24日表示，中美新能源研發(fā)合作主要集中在新能源汽車、建筑節(jié)能技術(shù)和清潔煤三領(lǐng)域。

材料三 中國能源信息網(wǎng) 2010年4月10日消息：美國即將于2011年建成的加州莫哈韋沙漠太陽能發(fā)電站短時間內(nèi)將成為全球最大的太陽能發(fā)電站之一。該發(fā)電站投入運行后的太陽能發(fā)電量將介于500兆瓦與850兆瓦之間。

材料四 美國本土及加利福尼亞州位置圖。

（1）首輪中美戰(zhàn)略與經(jīng)濟對話于2009年7月27日在美國首都華盛頓舉行，北京與華盛頓的城市職能分別為：北京_______________，華盛頓______________。會議期間華盛頓的氣候特征是______________，本輪中美戰(zhàn)略與經(jīng)濟對話期間，下列說法正確的是（）A.地球公轉(zhuǎn)速度由塊轉(zhuǎn)慢

B.太陽直射點位于北半球向南移動 C.北京正午太陽高度逐漸增大

D.華盛頓晝短夜長

（2）圖中農(nóng)業(yè)帶為A__________、B__________、C__________，我國與B帶相似的農(nóng)業(yè)帶位于__________平原；圖中字母D代表的城市名稱為__________，被譽為“__________”。城市E為__________，是美國__________工業(yè)中心。

（3）分析建設(shè)太陽能發(fā)電站的地理意義是什么？

（4）從我國能源現(xiàn)狀出發(fā)，談一談中美戰(zhàn)略與經(jīng)濟對話的意義。

解析

該題是以第二輪中美戰(zhàn)略與經(jīng)濟對話的召開及部分內(nèi)容為情境，考查美國區(qū)域地理、新能源等相關(guān)知識。第（1）題，對比北京和華盛頓的城市職能以及華盛頓的氣候類型。第（2）題，美國本土農(nóng)業(yè)專業(yè)化地區(qū)分布及主要工業(yè)城市等，A、C為小麥帶，B為玉米帶，在我國與之類似的是松遼平原。D為美國的底特律，汽車城。第（3）題，建設(shè)太陽能發(fā)電站的地理意義主要從常規(guī)能源與太陽能兩個角度進行分析，常規(guī)能源數(shù)量有限、利用過程中環(huán)境污染等問題嚴重，太陽能的優(yōu)勢是取之不盡、永不不竭，清潔沒有污染等。第（4）題，中美戰(zhàn)略與經(jīng)濟對話在很多方面都有意義，本題將其限定在能源方面，一方面著眼于中國能源現(xiàn)狀，另一方面與新能源的開發(fā)利用過程中產(chǎn)生的問題相結(jié)合。

參考答案

（1）政治、文化中心

政治中心

高溫多雨

C（2）小麥帶

玉米帶

小麥帶

松遼

底特律

汽車城

舊金山（圣弗朗西斯科）

電子

（3）生產(chǎn)生活對能源的需求與自然界中有限的能源之間的矛盾越來越突出，人類對常規(guī)能源的不合理利用造成了嚴重的環(huán)境問題；太陽能作為一種新能源，取之不盡、穩(wěn)定、廉價而且無污染，建設(shè)太陽能發(fā)電站可以在一定程度上緩解能源危機抑制全球變暖，對保護生態(tài)環(huán)境，實現(xiàn)可持續(xù)發(fā)展有重要意義。

（4）我國能源結(jié)構(gòu)主要以煤、石油、天然氣等為主，單位產(chǎn)值能耗高。在限排的情況下，我國必須發(fā)展太陽能、風能等清潔能源，雖然這些能源開發(fā)成本較高，但開發(fā)潛力巨大；美國的太陽能發(fā)電傳輸技術(shù)相對成熟，應該是我們今后重點引進的技術(shù)。

第二篇：奧巴馬向第二輪中美戰(zhàn)略與經(jīng)濟對話開幕的致辭

Statement of President Barack Obama to the U.S.-China Strategic & Economic Dialogue

Beijing, China

巴拉克·奧巴馬總統(tǒng)向在中國北京舉行的美中戰(zhàn)略與經(jīng)濟對話致辭

To the participants of the U.S.-China Strategic & Economic Dialogue，參加美中戰(zhàn)略與經(jīng)濟對話的各位人士

Last summer, I was proud to welcome many of you to the White House as our two countries launched this Strategic and Economic Dialogue.I want to thank President Hu, Vice Premier Wang, State Councilor Dai, and the entire Chinese delegation for their hospitality in hosting this year’s meeting.去年夏天，在我們兩國發(fā)起此戰(zhàn)略與經(jīng)濟對話之時，我曾自豪地歡迎你們中的許多人光臨白宮。我謹在此感謝胡主席、王副總理、戴國務委員以及整個中國代表團盛情主辦今年的會議。

I am pleased that our delegation in Beijing is led by two outstanding members of my Cabinet--Secretary of State Hillary Clinton and Treasury Secretary Tim Geithner--and that they are joined by officials from across my Administration.我很高興，我們在北京的代表團由本屆內(nèi)閣的兩位杰出成員—— 國務部長希拉里·克林頓和財政部長蒂姆·蓋特納——率領(lǐng)，并包括本屆政府各個部門的官員。

As I said when we began this dialogue, the relationship between the United States and China will shape the 21st century, which makes it as important as any bilateral relationship in the world.Together, we set out to build a positive, constructive, and comprehensive relationship, and we pledged to cooperate to advance our shared interests.That is what we have done.正如我在我們開始此對話時所說，美國和中國的關(guān)系將塑造21世紀，其重要性不亞于世界上任何一種雙邊關(guān)系。我們共同著手構(gòu)建積極、建設(shè)性和全面的關(guān)系，并且承諾通過合作促進我們的共同利益。這是我們已經(jīng)做的。

As two of the world’s largest economies, we have worked together, and with our G-20 partners, to sustain the global economic recovery.During my visit to China last fall, we forged clean energy partnerships, and at Copenhagen we made important commitments to confront climate change.作為世界上最大的兩個經(jīng)濟體，我們一直攜手努力，并與我們的G20合作伙伴一道，促進全球經(jīng)濟持續(xù)復蘇。在我去年秋天訪問中國期間，我們構(gòu)建了清潔能源伙伴關(guān)系，在哥本哈根，我們作出了重要的承諾，以對抗氣候變化。

To advance our common security interests, we are cooperating to prevent the spread of nuclear weapons and regional nuclear arms races that would endanger us all.I was pleased to welcome President Hu to our Nuclear Security Summit in Washington, and I thank China for its commitment to establish a center of excellence on nuclear security, which will help achieve our shared goal of securing vulnerable nuclear materials around the world.為了增進我們的共同安全利益，我們正在進行合作，防止核武器的傳播和危及我們所有人的地區(qū)性核軍備競賽。我愉快地歡迎胡主席出席華盛頓的核安全峰會，并感謝中國承諾建立一個關(guān)于核安全的卓越中心，這將有助于實現(xiàn)我們在全世界確保易散失的核材料安全的共同目標。

Over the next two days, our two countries have the opportunity to deepen our cooperation even further and advance the prosperity, health and security of our people.Together, we can promote economic growth that is balanced and sustained and trade that is free and fair.We can work to fulfill the commitments we made at Copenhagen.We can address pressing regional and global security challenges, including strengthening the global nonproliferation regime to ensure the rights and responsibilities of all nations.We need to improve communication between our militaries, which promotes mutual understanding and confidence.在接下來的兩天里，我們兩國有機會進一步加深合作，增進兩國人民的繁榮、健康和安全。我們可以共同促進平衡和持續(xù)的經(jīng)濟增長及自由和公正的貿(mào)易。我們可以努力實現(xiàn)我們在哥本哈根作出的承諾。我們可以應對緊迫的地區(qū)和全球安全挑戰(zhàn)，包括加強全球防擴散機制，以確保所有國家的權(quán)利和責任。我們需要改善我們兩軍之間的溝通，這方面的溝通能促進相互了解與信任。

Our two nations may not always agree on every issue, but this dialogue also allows us to communicate and understand one another better.This includes America’s abiding commitment to those human rights that are universal and to the dignity of all people.Indeed, we welcome our human rights dialogue with China, which we began this month and which I look forward to continuing.我們兩國也許不能總是就每一個問題達成共識，然而通過此對話我們能夠更好地交流和相互了解。這包括美國所恪守的對普世人權(quán)以及所有人的尊嚴的承諾。的確，我們歡迎我們與中國在本月初開始的人權(quán)對話，我期望它繼續(xù)下去。

Across all these areas, our relationship with China is guided by the recognition that we live in an interconnected world.As I said during my visit to China while standing beside President Hu in the Great Hall where you gather today, one country’s success need not come at the expense of another.Our progress can be shared.Indeed, the United States welcomes China as a strong, prosperous and successful member of the community of nations.我們與中國在所有這些領(lǐng)域的關(guān)系都基于一種認知，即我們生活在一個緊密聯(lián)系的世界里。上次訪華時，在你們今天聚集的人民大會堂里，我站在胡主席身旁說：一個國家的成功不需要以損害另一個國家為前提。我們的進步是可以分享的。的確，美國樂見中國成為一個強大、繁榮和成功的國際社會成員。

A truly comprehensive relationship, however, cannot be between governments alone.It must also be between our people.That is why my visit to China included a discussion with young men and women in Shanghai, and it is why we are working to deepen the ties between Americans and Chinese through educational and cultural exchanges.然而，真正的全面關(guān)系不能局限于政府之間，它還必須存在于兩國人民之間。為此，我的訪華之旅包括在上海與年輕人進行的一場討論，出于同樣的原因，我們正努力通過教育和文化交流加深美中人民之間的聯(lián)系。

As you meet in Beijing, the people of Shanghai are hosting the World Expo, which reflects the strength and creativity of China and its people.There, at the USA Pavilion, the United States is proud to showcase the spirit that has always defined our country, including our belief that we can join with other nations to build a better life for our children.你們在北京相聚之時，上海人民正在舉辦世博會，它反映出中國及其人民的力量與創(chuàng)造力。在博覽會的美國館中，美國自豪地展示始終體現(xiàn)我們國家特色的精神，包括我們可以與其他國家攜手為子孫后代創(chuàng)建更美好的生活的信念。

This is the spirit that brings our countries together in Beijing and the spirit that must guide our work as we deepen our positive, constructive, and comprehensive relationship.Thank you for participating in this Strategic and Economic Dialogue, and we look forward to welcoming you to the United States for our meeting next year and to continuing our progress.正是這種精神使我們兩國相聚在北京，在我們兩國加深積極、建設(shè)性和全面的關(guān)系時，我們必須以這種精神指導我們的工作。感謝你們參加此次戰(zhàn)略與經(jīng)濟對話，我們期待歡迎你們來美國參加明年的會議并繼續(xù)我們的進展。

Sincerely, President Barack Obama

順致敬意

巴拉克·奧巴馬總統(tǒng)

第三篇：希拉里-中美戰(zhàn)略與經(jīng)濟對話

Remarks at Plenary Session of the U.S.-China Strategic and Economic Dialogue Hillary Rodham Clinton, Secretary of State

Washington, DC July 27, 2009 希拉里·克林頓國務卿在美中戰(zhàn)略與經(jīng)濟對話全體會議上發(fā)表的講話

華盛頓哥倫比亞特區(qū) 2009年7月27日

Good morning.And Zhongxing Huanyin.早上好。[用中文說]衷心歡迎。

It is a privilege to open this inaugural meeting of the Strategic and Economic Dialogue between the United States and China.I am especially pleased to join my co-chair, Secretary Geithner, and to welcome State Councilor Dai and Vice Premier Wang.I look forward to resuming the productive discussions I had with Councilor Dai, President Hu, and Premier Wen on my trip to China in February, and to build on President Obama and President Hu’s meeting in London.十分榮幸能在美中兩國之間的戰(zhàn)略與經(jīng)濟對話首次會議開幕式上致辭。我特別高興能與蓋特納（Geithner）部長共同主持會議，并歡迎王岐山副總理和戴秉國國務委員。我期待著繼續(xù)我2月訪華期間與戴秉國國務委員、胡錦濤主席和溫家寶總理進行的富有成果的討論，并在奧巴馬總統(tǒng)和胡錦濤主席倫敦會晤的基礎(chǔ)上取得更多成果。

This is both a culmination, and a beginning.A culmination of actions taken by our predecessors 30 years ago, when the United States and China established formal diplomatic relations.What followed was a blossoming of Chinese economic growth and diplomatic engagement that has allowed our nations to reach this place of opportunity today.這一對話既是一個結(jié)果又是一個開端。作為結(jié)果，它源于我們的前任們30年前所采取的行動。那時，美中兩國建立了正式外交關(guān)系，鄧小平發(fā)起了中國的經(jīng)濟改革并實行對外開放。隨之而來的是中國經(jīng)濟的蓬勃發(fā)展和使我們兩國到達今天機遇之地的外交接觸。

This dialogue also marks a beginning – the beginning of an unprecedented effort to lay the foundation for a positive, cooperative, and comprehensive U.S.-Chinese relationship for the 21st century.這一對話也標志著一個開端——一個為建立21世紀積極、合作、全面的美中關(guān)系奠定基礎(chǔ)而作出前所未有努力的開端。

That so many members of President Obama’s cabinet are here reflects our belief that a stronger relationship will yield rewards, not only for our two nations, but for the world beyond.奧巴馬總統(tǒng)內(nèi)閣的眾多閣員今天與會反映了我們的一個信念，即更牢固的美中關(guān)系不僅會使我們兩國受益，而且會使整個世界受益。

For in the decades ahead, great countries will be defined less by their power to dominate or divide than by their capacity to solve problems.It is this reality – and the fact that no country can solve today’s challenges alone – that demands a new global architecture for progress.因為在未來數(shù)十年內(nèi)，偉大國家的特征將不是其控制和分割他國的力量，而是其解決問題的能力。正是這一現(xiàn)實——以及沒有任何國家能單獨應對今天面臨的挑戰(zhàn)這一事實——要求建立一個新的爭取進步的全球架構(gòu)。

Although past relations between the United States and China have been influenced by the idea of a balance of power among great nations, the fresh thinking of the 21st century can move us from a multi-polar world to a multi-partner world.And it is our hope that the dialogue we initiate today will enable us to shape that common agenda.盡管美國和中國以往的關(guān)系受到大國間權(quán)力平衡的觀點的影響，但21世紀全新的思維能使我們從一個多極世界走向一個多伙伴世界。我們希望今天啟動的對話將使我們能夠確立這個共同議程。

Our nations face common global threats, from the economic crisis, to non-proliferation, climate change and clean energy, pandemic disease and global poverty, North Korea, Iran, and extremism in Afghanistan and Pakistan.我們兩國面臨著同樣的全球性威脅，從經(jīng)濟危機到防擴散，從氣候變化到清潔能源，從大規(guī)模流行性疾病到全球貧困，從北韓到伊朗，還有阿富汗和巴基斯坦的極端主義勢力。

To meet these threats, we must find common ground and work together in common purpose, even as we may disagree on certain issues.為了應對這些威脅，我們必須找到共同之處并向著共同目標一起努力，即使我們可能在某些問題上存在分歧。

As we’ll hear from the President later this morning, the Obama Administration is committed to broader engagement – to using robust diplomacy and development and working with and beyond government to solve regional and global problems.今天上午我們將會聽到總統(tǒng)闡明，奧巴馬政府致力于更廣泛的接觸——利用有力的外交和發(fā)展手段，同政府及非政府人士合作解決區(qū)域性和全球性問題。

When I was in China in February, it was my first time back in almost a decade.And I was struck, as many visitors are, by the transformation that had taken place.Driving on the third ring road in Beijing, I felt like was watching a movie in fast-forward.From a few high rise buildings on my last trip, to a gleaming Olympic complex and corporate skyscrapers today.From millions of Flying Pigeon bicycles navigating the streets, to cars of every model traversing modern thoroughfares.And for those traveling to Shanghai, an already cosmopolitan city soon to add the Shanghai Expo.我今年二月訪問中國時，距我前一次訪問已有將近十年之久。我像很多來訪者一樣，被今昔的變化所震撼。驅(qū)車行駛在三環(huán)路上，我感到仿佛是在觀看一部快進的電影。我上次來時高樓大廈屈指可數(shù)，如今奧林匹克場館和摩天商務大廈令人眼花繚亂。過去有千百萬輛飛鴿牌自行車在大街小巷穿行，如今有各種型號的汽車在現(xiàn)代化公路上行駛。那些去上海的人還會看到上海世博會將為這個已經(jīng)發(fā)展成型的大都市增添光彩。

All are testaments to China’s dynamism and growth.And we welcome these signs of progress.這些都是中國蓬勃發(fā)展的見證。這些進步的氣象令我們感到高興。

We also welcome China’s role in promoting peace and stability in the Asia Pacific.Over the past 30 years, the United States has helped foster security in the region – a critical factor in China’s growth, and an important strategic interest of our own.In the future, we will remain actively engaged in promoting the security of Asia.When misunderstandings or disagreements arise, we will work through them peacefully and through intensive dialogue.我們還歡迎中國為促進亞太地區(qū)的和平與穩(wěn)定所發(fā)揮的作用。過去30年來，美國幫助建立該地區(qū)的安全，這對中國的增長至關(guān)重要，對我們自身的戰(zhàn)略利益也意義重大。未來，我們將繼續(xù)積極參與促進亞洲的安全。出現(xiàn)誤解或分歧時，我們將以和平方式并通過積極對話來予以解決。

This Strategic and Economic Dialogue differs from past dialogues in scope, substance, and approach.It is comprehensive by design, meant to enlist the full range of talent within our governments and to include cross-cutting challenges that are neither bureaucratically neat, nor easily compartmentalized.本屆戰(zhàn)略與經(jīng)濟對話在廣度、實質(zhì)乃至方法上均不同于過去的對話。其形式結(jié)構(gòu)力求全面，以便充分利用兩國政府內(nèi)部的聰明才智，解決那些在行政體制上無法按部門截然劃分的問題。

With this dialogue we are laying, brick by brick, the foundation of a stronger relationship – improving lines of communication;increasing understanding;setting priorities;and creating a work plan.通過這一對話，我們正腳踏實地為加強關(guān)系而奠定基礎(chǔ)，改善交流途徑，增強理解，制定重點目標和工作計劃。

Our agenda will focus on several areas: 我們的議程將側(cè)重于以下幾個方面：

First, the economic recovery.Repairing the global economy is a priority for both the United States and China.We have taken aggressive action at home to stimulate our economy and stabilize our financial institutions.China has taken similarly bold steps and we both agree that further economic and financial cooperation is necessary for global recovery.第一，經(jīng)濟復蘇。修復全球經(jīng)濟是美中兩國的首要目標。我們已在國內(nèi)采取果斷行動，以刺激經(jīng)濟和穩(wěn)定金融機構(gòu)。中國已采取類似的大膽措施，而且我們雙方均認為，進一步的經(jīng)濟和金融合作對全球復蘇是必要的。

Second, climate change and clean energy.As the world’s two biggest emitters, we must demonstrate to the developed and developing world that clean energy and economic growth can go hand-in-hand.We are already involved in promising partnerships.In Beijing, I toured a geo-thermal plant that is a true U.S.-Chinese collaboration.General Electric has provided high-tech equipment to produce heat and power with half the emissions, and far less water usage than the coal plants that are typically relied on.And Chinese businesses build the steam turbines that help to power the plant.This plant saves costs and provides clean energy – including heat for the U.S.Embassy.第二，氣候變化和清潔能源。作為世界上兩個最大的排放國，我們必須向發(fā)達和發(fā)展中國家表明，清潔能源和經(jīng)濟增長能夠同步進行。我們已在進行充滿希望的合作。在北京期間，我參觀了一家地熱工廠，這是名副其實的美中合作。通用電氣公司提供的高科技設(shè)備被用于產(chǎn)熱發(fā)電，與通常燃煤的火力發(fā)電相比，排放減少了一半，用水量也大大下降。中國公司則制造了工廠發(fā)電用的燃氣輪機。該廠在節(jié)省成本的基礎(chǔ)上提供了清潔能源，包括為美國大使館提供熱能。

Third, security challenges.I just attended the ASEAN conference in Thailand, where the North Korean regime’s recent provocations were a subject of great concern.China and the United States both appreciate the dangers of escalating tensions and a prospective arms race in East Asia;and the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction.第三，安全挑戰(zhàn)。我剛剛出席了在泰國舉行的東盟會議，北韓政權(quán)最近的挑釁行動成了大會十分關(guān)注的議題。中國和美國均認識到緊張局勢升級以及東亞可能發(fā)生的軍備競賽所導致的危險以及大規(guī)模毀滅性武器擴散的危險。

Already, China and the United States have worked together to contain dangerous actions on the part of North Korea.We are grateful for the Chinese government’s leadership in establishing the Six Party Talks and for its close cooperation in response to North Korean missile launches.中美兩國已經(jīng)在進行合作，以遏制北韓方面的危險行動。我們感謝中國政府為設(shè)立六方會談所發(fā)揮的主導作用以及在應對北韓導彈發(fā)射問題上所進行的密切合作。

We will also discuss our common concerns about the nuclear weapons capability of Iran, and explore ways to address violent extremism and promote stability in Afghanistan and Pakistan.我們還將討論我們對伊朗核武器能力的共同關(guān)注，并探討清除暴力極端主義、促進阿富汗和巴基斯坦穩(wěn)定的方法。

Fourth, development.Under President Obama, development, like diplomacy, is an equally important pillar of American foreign policy.Many of the world’s threats stem from lack of opportunity which, in turn, leads to poverty, social erosion, and political instability.By addressing global scourges such as hunger, illiteracy, disease, and economic marginalization from the bottom up, and by insisting on accountability and adherence to the rule of law, we can widen opportunity and prosperity for more people in more places.第四，發(fā)展。在奧巴馬總統(tǒng)領(lǐng)導下，發(fā)展同外交一樣，是美國對外政策的重要支柱。世界上許多威脅的根源來自機會的缺乏，而機會缺乏進而導致貧困、社會解體及政治動蕩。通過自下而上地消除饑餓、文盲、疾病以及經(jīng)濟邊緣化等全球性災難，堅持問責制和法治，我們能夠為更多地區(qū)的更多人帶來機會和繁榮。

None of these problems will be easy to solve, and results won’t happen overnight.We will not always see eye-to-eye, as is the case with human rights, where the United States will continue to be guided by the ideal that the rights of all people must be respected.Still, solutions to many of today’s global challenges are within reach if we work cooperatively where our interests intersect, and are honest with each other when they don’t.這些問題無一能輕易解決，也不會一夜之間就產(chǎn)生結(jié)果。我們的觀點并非全部一致，人權(quán)便是一例。美國將繼續(xù)恪守這樣的理念：所有人的權(quán)利都必須得到尊重。盡管如此，如果我們在利益一致的領(lǐng)域進行合作，并且在利益不一致時能做到開誠布公，那么我們就能夠成功應對當今的許多全球性挑戰(zhàn)。

A well-known Chinese saying speaks of a sacred mountain in northern China near Confucius’ home.It says: ―When people are of one mind and heart, they can move Mt.Tai."

中國有一句著名的俗語，講的是孔子家鄉(xiāng)附近的一座圣山。這句話是這樣說的：―人心齊，泰山移‖。

We cannot expect to be united at every turn, but we can be of one mind and heart on the need to find common ground as we confront the shared challenges of the 21st century.The Obama Administration has embraced this dialogue with China early and energetically because we want to see it to fruition.This is an issue of great importance to me as Secretary of State, and I know the same is true for my colleagues and for our President.我們無法期待事事處處都保持一致，但就面臨21世紀的共同挑戰(zhàn)有必要找到共同立足點而言，我們能夠齊心協(xié)力。奧巴馬政府上任伊始就決定大力與中國展開對話，因為我們希望看到它結(jié)出碩果。作為國務卿，這對我本人是一個十分重要的問題，并且我知道對我的同事們和奧巴馬總統(tǒng)也是如此。

And now, it is my great honor to introduce Vice Premier Wang.現(xiàn)在，我非常榮幸地向大家介紹王副總理。

第四篇：第三輪中美戰(zhàn)略與經(jīng)濟對話

中美關(guān)于促進經(jīng)濟強勁、可持續(xù)、平衡增長和經(jīng)濟合作的全面框架

遵循胡錦濤主席和奧巴馬總統(tǒng)于２０１１年１月２０日在華盛頓達成的共識，胡錦濤主席特別代表、中國國務院副總理王岐山和貝拉克·奧巴馬總統(tǒng)特別代表、美國財政部長蒂莫西·蓋特納在２０１１年５月舉行的第三輪中美戰(zhàn)略與經(jīng)濟對話上確立了中美關(guān)于促進經(jīng)濟強勁、可持續(xù)、平衡增長和經(jīng)濟合作的全面框架（以下簡稱“全面框架”）。

中美兩國確認，雙方將基于共同利益，從戰(zhàn)略性、長期性、全局性的角度，推進更為廣泛的經(jīng)濟合作，以共同建設(shè)全面互利的經(jīng)濟伙伴關(guān)系，增進兩國繁榮與福祉，推動實現(xiàn)世界經(jīng)濟強勁、可持續(xù)、平衡增長。

第一條

原 則

１．全面框架基于兩國各自促進經(jīng)濟強勁、可持續(xù)、平衡增長以及不斷增加就業(yè)的國家利益。同時，中美經(jīng)濟關(guān)系基于廣泛的共同利益和交匯利益。雙方認識到，對方經(jīng)濟的健康和持續(xù)增長對自身繁榮不可或缺。

２．作為世界上最大的兩個經(jīng)濟體，中美兩國的經(jīng)濟發(fā)展成果和政策行動對全球經(jīng)濟的健康有重要影響。雙方認識到并考慮其政策對全球經(jīng)濟的影響，并合作加強支持全球增長和穩(wěn)定的國際貿(mào)易和金融機構(gòu)。

３．作為更大規(guī)模、更加緊密和更為廣泛的經(jīng)濟合作的一部分，中美雙方正就影響對方利益的政策行動加大磋商力度。

４．依托現(xiàn)有對話和合作機制，落實中美合作框架。兩國重申落實中美戰(zhàn)略與經(jīng)濟對話框架下經(jīng)濟對話《聯(lián)合成果情況說明》中的承諾。

第二條

深化宏觀經(jīng)濟合作

雙方認識到，兩國關(guān)于促進強勁、可持續(xù)和平衡增長的目標從根本上是一致的，承諾進一步加強宏觀經(jīng)濟政策交流和協(xié)調(diào)。

５．雙方正進一步利用現(xiàn)有渠道，就與兩國經(jīng)濟和世界經(jīng)濟健康相關(guān)的宏觀經(jīng)濟、財政、金融和結(jié)構(gòu)性問題深化合作。

６．雙方重申支持二十國集團強勁、可持續(xù)和平衡增長框架，重申通過強勁的經(jīng)濟增長和擴大就業(yè)來提高全體人民的生活水平，并采取全方位措施鞏固全球經(jīng)濟復蘇，減少過度外部失衡并將經(jīng)常賬戶失衡保持在可持續(xù)水平。雙方確認積極支持二十國集團互評進程。

７．雙方承諾與其他國家共同努力，維護國際貨幣環(huán)境的穩(wěn)定。美方承諾對匯率過度波動保持警惕，中方承諾繼續(xù)增強人民幣匯率彈性。

第三條

發(fā)展更加平衡的貿(mào)易和投資關(guān)系

雙方認識到開放的貿(mào)易和投資對推動創(chuàng)新、創(chuàng)造就業(yè)、增加收入和促進經(jīng)濟增長的重要意義，雙方承諾進一步擴大雙邊貿(mào)易與投資，促進更加開放的全球貿(mào)易與投資，反對貿(mào)易和投資保護主義。

８．雙方承諾采取綜合性措施促進更加平衡的中美貿(mào)易。

９．雙方承諾本著建設(shè)性、合作性和互利性的態(tài)度積極解決雙邊貿(mào)易和投資爭端。

１０．雙方認識到在首輪和第二輪中美戰(zhàn)略與經(jīng)濟對話中雙方認同的政府采購和創(chuàng)新政策中非歧視原則的重要性，并重申繼續(xù)支持強有力的知識產(chǎn)權(quán)保護。

１１．雙方致力于營造開放、公平的投資環(huán)境，并繼續(xù)為兩國投資者增加透明度和可預見性。

１２．雙方同意在各自轉(zhuǎn)變經(jīng)濟發(fā)展方式和調(diào)整經(jīng)濟結(jié)構(gòu)的過程中，包括基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)中，探索新的合作機遇。

１３．雙方承諾積極開展地方層級經(jīng)濟合作，促進兩國企業(yè)、智庫、大學之間的溝通交流。雙方致力于完善中美投資論壇、中美省州長論壇、中美城市經(jīng)濟合作會議機制，進一步推動兩國企業(yè)界和學術(shù)界“二軌”對話機制。

第四條

深化在金融領(lǐng)域的合作

雙方承諾進一步深化在金融部門發(fā)展、投資和監(jiān)管領(lǐng)域的雙邊和多邊合作，合作支持生產(chǎn)性的資本流入兩國金融市場，促進兩國金融市場的效率與穩(wěn)定。

１４．雙方認識到公平、開放的投資環(huán)境的重要性，在符合審慎原則并與國家安全要求一致的情況下，支持為金融服務投資和跨境證券投資營造開放的環(huán)境。

１５．雙方承諾深化雙邊以及在二十國集團、金融穩(wěn)定理事會和國際標準制定機構(gòu)的合作，確保金融穩(wěn)定，加強金融監(jiān)管。

第五條

加強區(qū)域和國際經(jīng)濟合作

１６．美方歡迎中方在國際經(jīng)濟事務中發(fā)揮更大作用。中國承認美國在國際經(jīng)濟體系和亞太地區(qū)的重要作用，并歡迎美國參與亞太地區(qū)經(jīng)濟穩(wěn)定與繁榮并為其做出貢獻。

１７．雙方承諾加強交流和協(xié)作，支持二十國集團在國際經(jīng)濟和金融事務中發(fā)揮更大作用。

１８．雙方認可亞太經(jīng)合組織作為亞太經(jīng)濟合作平臺的重要作用，承諾加強在亞太經(jīng)合組織框架下的協(xié)調(diào)與合作。

１９．雙方承諾共同努力加強全球金融體系和改革國際金融框架。雙方繼續(xù)強有力的合作以提高國際貨幣基金組織、多邊開發(fā)銀行和其他涉及全球經(jīng)濟治理機構(gòu)的合法性和有效性。

２０．為實現(xiàn)聯(lián)合國千年發(fā)展目標，雙方共同促進國際社會援助發(fā)展中國家、特別是最不發(fā)達國家的努力。雙方致力于與多邊開發(fā)銀行協(xié)作，尋求合作支持全球減貧、發(fā)展和區(qū)域一體化，為包容性、可持續(xù)的經(jīng)濟增長做出貢獻。

中華人民共和國

代表

王岐山

二〇一一年五月十日于華盛頓

（人民網(wǎng)華盛頓５月１０日電）

美利堅合眾國 代表

蒂莫西·蓋特納

第五篇：在第二輪中美戰(zhàn)略與經(jīng)濟對話開幕式上的致辭

努力推動建設(shè)21世紀積極合作全面的中美關(guān)系

——在第二輪中美戰(zhàn)略與經(jīng)濟對話開幕式上的致辭

（2010年5月24日 北京）

中華人民共和國主席 胡錦濤

Endeavor to Build a Positive, Cooperative and Comprehensive China-US Relationship for the 21st

Century

—Address by H.E.Hu Jintao

President of the People's Republic of China

At the Opening Session of the Second Round of

The China-US Strategic and Economic Dialogues

Beijing, 24 May 2010

克林頓國務卿，蓋特納財長，各位來賓，女士們，先生們，朋友們：

Secretary Clinton,Secretary Geithner,Distinguished Guests,Ladies and Gentlemen,Dear Friends,第二輪中美戰(zhàn)略與經(jīng)濟對話今天在北京開幕。首先，我謹對遠道而來的美國朋友，表示熱烈的歡迎！The second round of the China-US Strategic and Economic Dialogues(S&ED)opens in Beijing today.Let me first of all extend a warm welcome to our American friends coming from afar.本輪對話是在國際政治經(jīng)濟形勢出現(xiàn)新變化、中美關(guān)系發(fā)展面臨新機遇的重要時刻舉行的。推動本輪對話取得積極成果，對我們兩國都具有重要意義。希望雙方圍繞共同關(guān)心的全局性、戰(zhàn)略性、長期性問題坦誠交流、深入溝通、增信釋疑，推進合作。

The second round of the S&ED takes places at an important moment when new developments are unfolding in the international political and economic landscape and when China and the United States face new

opportunities to further the bilateral relationship.It is of great significance for both of our two countries to achieve positive outcomes at this round of dialogues.I hope that through candid and in-depth discussions on overarching, strategic and long-term issues of mutual interest, the two sides will enhance trust and dispel misgivings, and further push forward China-US cooperation.女士們、先生們！

Ladies and Gentlemen,一年多以前，我同奧巴馬總統(tǒng)在倫敦首次會晤，我們一致同意，共同努力建設(shè)21世紀積極合作全面的中美關(guān)系，為新時期中美關(guān)系的發(fā)展確立了目標。這以后，我同奧巴馬總統(tǒng)多次會晤，特別是去年11月，奧巴馬總統(tǒng)成功訪華，雙方發(fā)表《中美聯(lián)合聲明》，為中美關(guān)系發(fā)展提供了政策框架。中美本著同舟共濟精神，合作應對歷史罕見的國際金融危機，進行相關(guān)宏觀經(jīng)濟政策協(xié)調(diào)，推動二十國集團領(lǐng)導人金融峰會取得積極成果，為推動世界經(jīng)濟復蘇作出重要貢獻。中美推動雙邊經(jīng)貿(mào)關(guān)系向前發(fā)展，加強新能源、清潔能源、節(jié)能減排、提高能效等領(lǐng)域互利合作，夯實交流合作基礎(chǔ)。中美就重大國際和地區(qū)問題保持溝通和協(xié)調(diào)，同各方一道推動妥善解決地區(qū)熱點問題。中美同各方一道應對日益增多的全球性問題，為國際社會應對氣候變化、大規(guī)模殺傷性武器擴散、重大自然災害等挑戰(zhàn)發(fā)揮了積極作用。Over one year ago, President Obama and I met for the first time in London.We agreed to work together to build a positive, cooperative and comprehensive China-US relationship for the 21st century, setting up the goal for the development of China-US relations in the new era.Since then, President Obama and I have met on many occasions.During President Obama's successful visit to China last November in particular, the two sides issued the China-US Joint Statement, offering a policy framework for the development of our bilateral ties.In a spirit of solidarity, China and the United States have worked together to counter the extremely severe international financial crisis.We have coordinated macroeconomic policies and facilitated efforts to bring about positive outcomes at the G20 financial summits, making important contribution to world economic recovery.We have furthered our economic and trade ties and stepped up mutually beneficial cooperation in new and clean energy, energy conservation, emissions reduction and energy efficiency enhancement to solidify the foundation of our exchanges.China and the United States have maintained communication and

coordination on major regional and international issues.We have worked with other parties to properly address regional hot-spot issues.The two countries have worked with other parties to manage a growing number of global issues and played a positive role in putting up an international response to such challenges as climate change, proliferation of weapons of mass destruction and natural disasters.毋庸置疑，中美國情不同，雙方難免存在一些矛盾和分歧，關(guān)鍵是要尊重和照顧對方的核心利益和重大關(guān)切，妥善處理相互之間存在的一些敏感問題，不斷增強互信基礎(chǔ)。

Admittedly, China and the United States differ in national conditions, and it is only natural that the two sides may disagree on some issues.What is important is to respect and accommodate each other's core interests and major concerns, appropriately handle the sensitive issues and strengthen the foundation of mutual trust.女士們、先生們！

Ladies and Gentlemen,當今世界正處在大發(fā)展大變革大調(diào)整時期。世界多極化和經(jīng)濟全球化深入發(fā)展，國際金融危機影響繼續(xù)顯現(xiàn)，全球性問題突出，國際和地區(qū)熱點問題此起彼伏。繼續(xù)推進人類和平與發(fā)展的崇高事業(yè)，需要世界各國人民加強合作。中美作為聯(lián)合國安理會常任理事國，分別作為世界上最大的發(fā)展中國家和最大的發(fā)達國家，無論是在推動世界經(jīng)濟全面復蘇和可持續(xù)增長方面，還是在處理地區(qū)熱點、應對全球性挑戰(zhàn)、維護世界和平與安全方面，都面臨著共同課題、肩負著重要責任。中國高度重視發(fā)展對美關(guān)系，發(fā)展長期健康穩(wěn)定的中美關(guān)系，符合兩國人民共同意愿、順應時代發(fā)展潮流，也有利于亞太地區(qū)乃至世界和平、穩(wěn)定、繁榮。

The world is in the midst of major developments, major changes and major adjustments.The trend toward a multi-polar world and economic globalization is gathering momentum, the impact of the international financial crisis continues to be felt, global issues are becoming more pronounced, and regional and international hot-spot issues keep cropping up.To further advance mankind's noble cause of peace and development requires greater cooperation among people of all countries.As permanent members of the UN Security Council and the largest developing country and the largest developed country, China and the United States face common tasks and shoulder important responsibilities ranging from promoting full recovery and sustainable growth of the world economy to managing regional hot-spots, meeting global challenges and safeguarding world peace and

security.China attaches great importance to its relations with the United States.To develop a long-term, sound and steady China-US relationship is a shared desire of our two peoples, accords with the trend of our times and contributes to peace, stability and prosperity in the Asia Pacific region and beyond.——我們要堅持中美關(guān)系的正確方向。無論國際風云如何變幻，無論遇到什么困難、遇到什么干擾，我們都要從戰(zhàn)略高度和長遠角度出發(fā)，牢牢把握和精心維護共同努力建設(shè)21世紀積極合作全面的中美關(guān)系這一目標，培育戰(zhàn)略互信，加強戰(zhàn)略合作，妥善處理分歧，促進兩國在雙邊、地區(qū)、全球?qū)用娴臏贤āf(xié)調(diào)、合作。

– We need to stick to the right direction of China-US relations.No matter how the international situation may evolve and what difficulties and interferences we may encounter, we should always follow a strategic and long-term perspective and stick to and safeguard the goal of working together to build a positive, cooperative and comprehensive China-US relationship for the 21st century.We should foster strategic mutual trust, strengthen strategic cooperation, appropriately handle differences and step up communication, coordination and cooperation on bilateral, regional and global issues.——我們要尊重彼此核心利益和重大關(guān)切。主權(quán)獨立和領(lǐng)土完整是國際關(guān)系基本準則賦予一國的最基本權(quán)利。對中國人民而言，沒有什么比維護國家主權(quán)和領(lǐng)土完整更為重要。相信經(jīng)歷過南北戰(zhàn)爭的美國人民，不難理解統(tǒng)一對一個國家多么重要和珍貴。

– We should respect each other's core interests and major concerns.Sovereignty, independence and

territorial integrity are a country's most basic rights recognized by the norms governing international relations.To the Chinese people, nothing is more important than safeguarding national sovereignty and territorial

integrity.I trust it is not difficult for the American people, who went through the American Civil War in their history, to understand how important and valuable unity is to a nation.——我們要尊重各國自主選擇發(fā)展道路的權(quán)利。應該承認各國文化傳統(tǒng)、社會制度、價值觀念、發(fā)展理念等方面的差異，努力推動不同文明和發(fā)展模式取長補短、相互促進、共同發(fā)展，不應該以一種模式來衡量豐富多彩的世界。

– We should respect the right of each and every country to independently choose its development path.We should recognize differences in countries' cultural traditions, social systems, values and development concepts, and encourage different civilizations and development models to learn from and reinforce one

another so as to achieve common development.It is not advisable to use one model to measure the diverse and colorful world we live in.——我們要保持兩國高層及各級別密切往來。充分溝通是促進合作的重要基礎(chǔ)。再先進的通信技術(shù)也取代不了面對面交流。今年4月12日我同奧巴馬總統(tǒng)在華盛頓會晤時，我們一致同意通過會晤、通話、通信等方式保持密切聯(lián)系。我們也應該加強戰(zhàn)略性對話和磋商，以加深了解、擴大共識、促進合作。

– We should maintain close interactions at the top and other levels.Full communication is an important basis for enhanced cooperation.Not even the most sophisticated telecommunication technology can replace face-to-face exchanges.In my meeting with President Obama in Washington on 12 April this year, we both agreed to stay in close touch through meetings, phone calls and correspondence.We should also step up strategic dialogues and consultations to deepen understanding, expand common ground and promote cooperation.——我們要發(fā)展互利雙贏的合作格局。中美應該加強宏觀經(jīng)濟政策協(xié)調(diào)，推動世界經(jīng)濟持續(xù)復蘇。中美應該加強經(jīng)貿(mào)、能源、環(huán)境、反恐、防擴散、執(zhí)法、科技、教育、農(nóng)業(yè)、衛(wèi)生、質(zhì)檢等方面交流合作，積極拓展民用航空、高速鐵路、基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)、空間探索等新的合作領(lǐng)域，不斷為中美關(guān)系發(fā)展注入新動力，讓兩國人民切身體會到中美合作成果。

– We should develop a pattern of mutually beneficial and win-win cooperation.China and the United States should step up macroeconomic policy coordination and promote sustained world economic recovery.The two sides should increase exchanges and cooperation in such areas as economy and trade, energy, the environment, counter-terrorism, non-proliferation, law enforcement, science and technology, education,agriculture, health and quality inspection, and actively develop cooperation in such new areas as civil aviation, high-speed railway, infrastructure construction and space exploration.In this way, we will lend fresh impetus to the growth of China-US relations and enable our peoples to reap tangible benefits from China-US cooperation.——我們要加強地區(qū)熱點和全球性問題上的協(xié)調(diào)。中美應該通過雙邊渠道和各種多邊機制加強在地區(qū)熱點問題上的溝通和協(xié)調(diào)，推進在氣候變化、核安全、能源安全、糧食安全、減災防災、打擊跨國犯罪、防治重大傳染病等全球性問題上的磋商和合作。中美應該同國際社會一道，推動國際體系朝著更加公正合理的方向發(fā)展。

– We should strengthen coordination on regional hot-spot and global issues.China and the United States should step up communication and coordination on regional hot-spot issues through bilateral channels and multilateral mechanisms.The two sides should increase consultations and cooperation on such global issues as climate change, nuclear security, energy security, food security, disaster reduction and preparedness, fighting trans-national crimes, and prevention and control of serious communicable diseases.China and the United States should work with the rest of the international community to make the international system more just and equitable.——我們要深化兩國人民相互了解和友誼。人民的相互了解和友誼是國與國關(guān)系發(fā)展的永恒動力和廣泛基礎(chǔ)。中美將建立人文交流機制，相信這一機制將為促進兩國文化、科技、教育等領(lǐng)域交流合作發(fā)揮積極作用。雙方應該支持兩國青年交往，為中美關(guān)系發(fā)展培養(yǎng)后備力量。雙方應該加強兩國工商、學術(shù)、媒體等各界以及地方交流合作，在兩國人民之間架起寬廣的友誼橋梁。

– We should deepen mutual understanding and friendship between our peoples.This provides an

enduring driving force and broad foundation for the growth of state-to-state relations.China and the United States will establish a mechanism of people-to-people exchange.I believe this mechanism will contribute to the cultural, scientific, technological and educational exchanges and cooperation between our two countries.The two sides should support youth exchanges so that the cause of China-US relations will be carried forward by the younger generation.We should also scale up exchanges and cooperation between the business, academic and media communities and between local authorities and institutions to build a broad bridge of friendship between our two peoples.女士們、先生們！

Ladies and Gentlemen,中華人民共和國成立60多年來特別是改革開放以來，中國的面貌發(fā)生了舉世矚目的變化。同時，我們也清醒地認識到，中國仍然是世界上最大的發(fā)展中國家，要全面建成惠及十幾億人口的更高水平的小康社會，進而基本實現(xiàn)現(xiàn)代化、實現(xiàn)全體人民共同富裕，還有很長的路要走。中國將繼續(xù)堅持改革開放，努力使經(jīng)濟更加發(fā)展、民主更加健全、科教更加進步、文化更加繁榮、社會更加和諧、人民生活更加殷實。中國將繼續(xù)奉行互利共贏的開放戰(zhàn)略，按照通行的國際經(jīng)貿(mào)規(guī)則擴大市場準入，支持完善國際貿(mào)易和金融體制、推進貿(mào)易和投資自由化便利化。中國將加快經(jīng)濟發(fā)展方式轉(zhuǎn)變，著力擴大國內(nèi)需求、增加居民消費，積極推動對外貿(mào)易健康平衡發(fā)展，反對各種形式的保護主義。中國將繼續(xù)按照主動性、可控性、漸進性原則，穩(wěn)步推進人民幣匯率形成機制改革。中國將繼續(xù)走和平發(fā)展道路，在和平共處五項原則的基礎(chǔ)上同所有國家發(fā)展友好合作，不干涉別國內(nèi)部事務，不把自己的意志強加于人，同世界各國一道努力，推動建設(shè)持久和平，共同繁榮的和諧世界。

Since the founding of the People's Republic of China over 60 years ago and particularly since reform and opening up, earthshaking changes have taken place in China.Yet we are keenly aware that China remains the world's largest developing country.We still have a very long way to go before we can fully build a moderately prosperous society of a higher level that will benefit over one billion people and achieve basic modernization and bring common prosperity to all our people.We will continue to pursue reform and opening up so that our economy will register greater growth, our democracy will be further enhanced, our science and education will make bigger strides, our culture will get more prosperous, our society will become more harmonious and our people's life will be better-off.China will continue to pursue a win-win strategy of opening up.We will expand market access in keeping with established international economic and trading rules, support the improvement of international trading and financial systems and advance trade and investment liberalization and facilitation.China will accelerate the transformation of its economic development pattern.We will make great effort to expand domestic demand and increase household consumption, vigorously promote sound and balanced

growth of external trade, and reject protectionism in all manifestations.China will continue to steadily advance the reform of the formation mechanism of the RMB exchange rate under the principle of independent

decision-making, controllability and gradual progress.China will remain committed to the path of peaceful development and pursue friendly cooperation with all countries on the basis of the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence.We will not interfere in other countries' internal affairs or impose our own will on others.We will work with all other countries to build a harmonious world of enduring peace and common prosperity.女士們、先生們！

Ladies and Gentlemen,建設(shè)21世紀積極合作全面的中美關(guān)系，是中美兩國和兩國人民根本利益所在，也是促進世界和平與發(fā)展的現(xiàn)實需要。讓我們共同努力，不斷開辟中美關(guān)系更為廣闊的前景！

To build a positive, cooperative and comprehensive China-US relationship for the 21st century is in the

fundamental interest of our two countries and our two peoples.It also meets the need to promote world peace and development.Let us work together to open up even broader prospects for China-US relations.