第一篇：美國內(nèi)布拉斯加醫(yī)學(xué)中心的藥學(xué)服務(wù)
美國內(nèi)布拉斯加醫(yī)學(xué)中心的藥學(xué)服務(wù)
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單選題（共10題，每題10分）.在美國醫(yī)院藥房工作的藥學(xué)人員是（）
? ? ? ? A.藥師 B.臨床藥師 C.技術(shù)員 D.藥師和技術(shù)員
我的答案： D 參考答案：D 答案解析： 暫無.在美國內(nèi)布拉斯加大學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)中心醫(yī)院中工作的藥師（）
? ? ? ? A.全部是臨床藥師 B.全部不是臨床藥師 C.部是分臨床藥師 D.不確定
我的答案： C 參考答案：C 答案解析： 暫無.美國醫(yī)院中的臨床藥師均以下病房直接參與臨床查房和患者用藥教育的方式開展臨床藥學(xué)服務(wù)（）
? ? ? ? A.全部是 B.全部不是 C.大部分是 D.小部分是
我的答案： D 參考答案：D 答案解析： 暫無.美國醫(yī)院中的靜脈藥物配置由（）
? ? ? ? A.護(hù)士在病區(qū)配置 B.由藥學(xué)部門統(tǒng)一配置 C.由護(hù)士統(tǒng)一配置
D.由在藥學(xué)部門工作的護(hù)士統(tǒng)一配置
我的答案： B 參考答案：B 答案解析： 暫無 5.美國內(nèi)布拉斯加大學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)中心醫(yī)院門診藥房與住院藥房的運(yùn)行模式（）
? ? ? ? A.一樣，都是醫(yī)院的藥房 B.不一樣，前者與醫(yī)院無關(guān) C.不一樣，但前者也由醫(yī)院管理 D.一樣，但前者不由醫(yī)院管理
我的答案： C 參考答案：C 答案解析： 暫無.在美國內(nèi)布拉斯加大學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)中心醫(yī)院的臨床治療團(tuán)隊可能不包括（）
? ? ? ? A.營養(yǎng)師 B.護(hù)士 C.檢驗師 D.藥師
我的答案： C 參考答案：C 答案解析： 暫無.在美國的臨床藥師有權(quán)直接修改醫(yī)生的不合理醫(yī)囑（）
? ? ? ? A.較小問題可以，較大問題需要取得同意 B.全部能 C.全部不能 D.不確定
我的答案： A 參考答案：A 答案解析： 暫無.美國有全國統(tǒng)一的抗菌藥物管理政策（）
? ? ? ? A.一直都有 B.原來沒有，現(xiàn)在有 C.原來有，現(xiàn)在沒有 D.一直沒有
我的答案： B 參考答案：D 答案解析： 暫無.美國內(nèi)布拉斯加大學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)中心醫(yī)院抗菌藥物管理團(tuán)隊的成員不包括（）
? ? ? ? A.信息系統(tǒng)專家 B.醫(yī)院管理人員
C.受過感染性疾病訓(xùn)練的臨床藥師 D.臨床微生物專家 我的答案： A 參考答案：B 答案解析： 暫無.美國內(nèi)布拉斯加大學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)中心醫(yī)院抗菌藥物管理的策略中不包括（）
? ? ? ? A.醫(yī)生替換 B.處方限制與授權(quán) C.藥物劑型替代 D.培訓(xùn)
我的答案： A 參考答案：A 答案解析： 暫無
第二篇：2018執(zhí)業(yè)藥師繼續(xù)教育--美國內(nèi)布拉斯加醫(yī)學(xué)中心的藥學(xué)服務(wù)
美國內(nèi)布拉斯加醫(yī)學(xué)中心的藥學(xué)服務(wù)
單選題（共10題，每題10分）.在美國醫(yī)院藥房工作的藥學(xué)人員是（）? A.藥師 ? B.臨床藥師 ? C.技術(shù)員 ? D.藥師和技術(shù)員
我的答案： D 參考答案：D 2.在美國內(nèi)布拉斯加大學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)中心醫(yī)院中工作的藥師（）
? A.全部是臨床藥師 ? B.全部不是臨床藥師 ? C.部是分臨床藥師 ? D.不確定
我的答案： C 參考答案：C 3.美國醫(yī)院中的臨床藥師均以下病房直接參與臨床查房和患者用藥教育的方式開展臨床藥學(xué)服務(wù)（）? A.全部是 ? B.全部不是 ? C.大部分是 ? D.小部分是
我的答案： D 參考答案：D 4.美國醫(yī)院中的靜脈藥物配置由（）
? A.護(hù)士在病區(qū)配置 ? B.由藥學(xué)部門統(tǒng)一配置 ? C.由護(hù)士統(tǒng)一配置 ? D.由在藥學(xué)部門工作的護(hù)士統(tǒng)一配置 我的答案： B 參考答案：B 5.美國內(nèi)布拉斯加大學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)中心醫(yī)院門診藥房與住院藥房的運(yùn)行模式（）
? A.一樣，都是醫(yī)院的藥房 ? B.不一樣，前者與醫(yī)院無關(guān) ? C.不一樣，但前者也由醫(yī)院管理 ? D.一樣，但前者不由醫(yī)院管理 我的答案： C 參考答案：C 6.在美國內(nèi)布拉斯加大學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)中心醫(yī)院的臨床治療團(tuán)隊可能不包括（）? A.營養(yǎng)師 ? B.護(hù)士 ? C.檢驗師 ? D.藥師 我的答案： C 參考答案：C 7.在美國的臨床藥師有權(quán)直接修改醫(yī)生的不合理醫(yī)囑（）
? A.較小問題可以，較大問題需要取得同意 ? B.全部能 ? C.全部不能 ? D.不確定 我的答案： A 參考答案：A 8.美國有全國統(tǒng)一的抗菌藥物管理政策（）
? A.一直都有 ? B.原來沒有，現(xiàn)在有 ? C.原來有，現(xiàn)在沒有 ? D.一直沒有
我的答案： D 參考答案：D 9.美國內(nèi)布拉斯加大學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)中心醫(yī)院抗菌藥物管理團(tuán)隊的成員不包括（）? A.信息系統(tǒng)專家 ? B.醫(yī)院管理人員
? C.受過感染性疾病訓(xùn)練的臨床藥師 ? D.臨床微生物專家 我的答案：B 參考答案：B 10.美國內(nèi)布拉斯加大學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)中心醫(yī)院抗菌藥物管理的策略中不包括（）? A.醫(yī)生替換 ? B.處方限制與授權(quán) ? C.藥物劑型替代 ? D.培訓(xùn) 我的答案： A 參考答案：A
第三篇：《內(nèi)布拉斯加》觀后感--難舍的情懷
《內(nèi)布拉斯加》觀后感--難舍的情懷
還記得前年的一出《后裔》（The Descendants），導(dǎo)演亞歷山大比恩（Alexander payne）把一個并沒什么特別的家庭故事拍得滿是戲味而奪得了該的金球獎最佳電影，兩年之后，這位導(dǎo)演再次拍了部同樣是講述一個家庭的電影，就是這出也在本屆奧斯卡獲得最佳電影提名的《內(nèi)布拉斯加》。
今次這部家庭片雖然沒有什么大卡士，影片畫面更是只以黑白示人，不過論到故事的劇力與及演員的演出，個人覺得比導(dǎo)演的前作更勝一籌。
《內(nèi)布拉斯加》故事大約是說家住蒙大拿州的老人家Woody（Bruce Dern飾）一天收到了一封獲獎通知信，然而經(jīng)他的家人證實這信件不過是訂購雜志的宣傳單張而己，可是固執(zhí)的Woody卻堅決要親身步行前往老遠(yuǎn)的內(nèi)布拉斯加州（Nebraska）領(lǐng)取信中提到的一百萬元獎金，因而帶給了家人不少麻煩，其小兒子David（Will Forte飾）為了要將事件盡快平息，于是便帶上老爸駕車前去領(lǐng)取那不存在的獎金。
劇情一開始以老頭男主角獨(dú)自在公路步行時被警察查截作序幕，從而帶出他的家庭背景和領(lǐng)取百萬獎金的主題，及后他們一家四口經(jīng)過擾攘了一陣子后，便說到男主角的小兒子不理老媽Kate（June Squibb飾）的反對而去一圓老父的獎金夢，之后就是描述他們兩人在前往領(lǐng)獎途中所遇到的各種際遇。
基本上這可算是一部公路電影來的，劇情的重點(diǎn)都放在主角父子二人在旅途中碰到的人和事上，當(dāng)中因為發(fā)生了一個意外而讓主角具家在其故鄉(xiāng)重聚，并通過老媽那張有點(diǎn)毒舌的嘴和與該處的鄉(xiāng)親父老多番接觸，讓他們一家人的疏離關(guān)系得到重新審視和了解，另外，由于領(lǐng)取巨額獎金一事曝光，于是惹來一些不懷好意的人垂注，透過他們的貪婪嘴臉從中也輕輕涉獵到人性丑惡的層面去。
而一家四口之中，大兒子Ross（Bob Odenkirk飾）的存在感不高，母親則只是輔助角色大多是從旁對三父子冷嘲熱諷搞氣氛而已，全片的焦點(diǎn)幾乎都是落在小兒子與其父親身上，從兒子最初只是不想再為獎金一事惹麻煩才硬著頭皮載老爸一程，到后來在途上經(jīng)歷了各種事情，從而拉近了彼此距離，而最有趣的是去到劇情末段，為兒的竟然想到了辦法苦心地去為父親設(shè)了一個下臺階讓其勉回面子，而最后兩人變得互有默契的一幕，看起來更是有幾分感動。
總括來說，《內(nèi)布拉斯加》導(dǎo)演以相當(dāng)平實的手法去把一件家庭瑣事仔細(xì)無遺的敘述出來，當(dāng)中的父子情刻劃更是很有層次感，至于劇情節(jié)奏無疑偏慢，不過整個過程卻不乏幽默之處，片長雖接近兩小時，唯并不覺冗長沉悶，而片中各個演員都有到位的演出就更是十分難得，個人覺得，本片是繼《虎父無犬子》（Like father,Like son）之后，又一部不可不看的親情片。
第四篇：駐美國大使張業(yè)遂在美國內(nèi)布拉斯加大學(xué)的演講
駐美國大使張業(yè)遂在美國內(nèi)布拉斯加大學(xué)的演講.txt2008太不正常了，一切都不正常！在這個關(guān)鍵時刻，中國男足挺身而出，向全世界證明：中國男足還是正常的！駐美國大使張業(yè)遂在美國內(nèi)布拉斯加大學(xué)的演講
時間:2011-01-07 12:20來源:口譯網(wǎng) 作者:口譯網(wǎng) 點(diǎn)擊:53次 2010年11月10日，張業(yè)遂大使應(yīng)邀在美國內(nèi)布拉斯加大學(xué)林肯分?！皽丈澜鐔栴}論壇”上就“全球化時代的中國與中美關(guān)系”發(fā)表演講。
全球化時代的中國與中美關(guān)系
——駐美國大使張業(yè)遂在美國內(nèi)布拉斯加大學(xué)的演講 2010年11月10日
China and China-US Relations in the Era of Globalization--Speech by Ambassador Zhang Yesui at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln November 10, 2010
尊敬的珀爾曼校長，尊敬的哈格爾前參議員，女士們，先生們：
Chancellor Harvey Perlman, Senator Chuck Hagel, Ladies and Gentlemen，首先，我感謝珀爾曼校長的盛情邀請和熱情介紹。我很榮幸同哈格爾前參議員一起出席今天的“湯普森世界問題論壇”。
Let me start by thanking you, Chancellor Perlman, for your kind invitation and warm introduction.It is a great privilege to join Senator Hagel in attending tonight's E.N.Thompson Forum on World Issues.這是我第一次訪問內(nèi)布拉斯加州。我知道，內(nèi)布拉斯加大學(xué)林肯分校非同一般，是內(nèi)布拉斯加州最大的公立大學(xué)和教育學(xué)術(shù)文化中心。你們的“Cornhuskers”橄欖球隊也非同一般，曾五次榮獲全美冠軍，而且目前在聯(lián)盟聯(lián)賽中表現(xiàn)出色。我相信你們會在不遠(yuǎn)的時間內(nèi)再次獲得冠軍。祝你們好運(yùn)！
This is my first time in Nebraska.I understand that the University of Nebraska-Lincoln is very special.It is Nebraska's biggest public university as well as an educational, academic and cultural center.Your football team, the Cornhuskers, is also very special.You have won five national championships and you currently are doing very well at the Big 12.I trust you will win back the national championship again very soon.So good luck!
今晚論壇的主題是“全球化的前景”。我愿先談一下全球化與中國，再就全球化時代的中美關(guān)系談些看法。
As tonight's theme is “Globalization's Promise”, I would like to speak first on globalization and China and then on China-US relations in the era of globalization.2008年國際金融危機(jī)爆發(fā)以后，許多人開始質(zhì)疑全球化進(jìn)程：全球化的趨勢會不會逆轉(zhuǎn)？如何看待全球化的影響？如何應(yīng)對全球化帶來的種種問題？
Since the outbreak of the international financial crisis in 2008, many people have started to question the globalization process.Will the trend of globalization be reversed? How to view the impact of globalization? And how to deal with the various issues arising from globalization?
雖然這幾年世界經(jīng)濟(jì)遭受重創(chuàng)，但經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化的大趨勢并沒有改變。推動全球化進(jìn)程的科技進(jìn)步、跨國貿(mào)易和投資、全球產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整這三大因素仍然在發(fā)揮作用。以環(huán)保、新能源、低碳經(jīng)濟(jì)和低碳技術(shù)為核心的新技術(shù)繼續(xù)成為新一輪經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化的動力。在應(yīng)對國際金融危機(jī)的過程中，全球產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整和產(chǎn)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)移也在深化。
In spite of the heavy blow to the world economy by the international financial crisis, the main trend of economic globalization has not changed.This is because the three major drivers of globalization remain effective, namely, scientific and technological advances, cross-border trade and investment, and international industrial restructuring.New technologies, with environmental protection, new energy, low-carbon economy and technology at the core, will continue to drive the new round of globalization.In responding to the international financial crisis, there has been more profound industrial restructuring and relocation of resources world wide.經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化的“雙刃劍”效應(yīng)繼續(xù)顯現(xiàn)。一方面，毋庸置疑，由于生產(chǎn)要素在全球范圍內(nèi)的流動和配置，降低了成本，提高了效率，進(jìn)一步提升了世界生產(chǎn)力的總體水平。但另一方面，它也造成了世界經(jīng)濟(jì)失衡加劇，不僅南北差距進(jìn)一步拉大，一些發(fā)達(dá)經(jīng)濟(jì)體也受到全球化的沖擊。一些國家的民眾對全球化的不滿和質(zhì)疑在增多，貿(mào)易和投資保護(hù)主義情緒在上升。金融全球化過度發(fā)展的風(fēng)險性和危害性進(jìn)一步凸顯。
The effects of economic globalization as a double-edged sword have become more obvious.On the one hand, the worldwide flow and distribution of elements of production has undoubtedly lowered costs, increased efficiency and further improved overall productivity;but on the other hand, it has aggravated world economic imbalance and widened the gap between different economies.There is growing public discontent and suspicion in many countries, and the mood for trade and investment protection is on the rise.The risks of excessive financial globalization have also been recognized.解決全球化帶來的問題，需要全球共同作出努力，尤其需要推動全球化向普惠、協(xié)調(diào)、均衡的方向發(fā)展。為更好地應(yīng)對全球性挑戰(zhàn)，應(yīng)改善全球治理，建立健全相應(yīng)的機(jī)制和規(guī)則。二十國集團(tuán)機(jī)制是加強(qiáng)全球治理的獨(dú)特平臺。同時，要繼續(xù)改革國際貨幣基金組織和世界銀行等機(jī)構(gòu)，加強(qiáng)國際合作。
Global efforts are needed to address the challenges of globalization.It is necessary to make globalization more universally beneficial, coordinated and balanced.Global governance, with corresponding rules, regulations and mechanisms that can rise to global challenges, needs to be improved.The establishment of the G20 provided a unique platform for enhanced global governance.The reforms of the IMF and World Bank are also necessary steps to improve international cooperation.自1978年實行改革開放政策以來，中國積極參與國際分工與合作，積極引進(jìn)外資、先進(jìn)技術(shù)和管理經(jīng)驗，促進(jìn)了產(chǎn)業(yè)升級和優(yōu)化經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)。30多年來中國的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展，從根本上講靠的是改革開放，當(dāng)然也得益于抓住了經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化帶來的機(jī)遇。
Since the policy of reform and opening up was adopted in 1978, China has actively participated in international division of labor and cooperation, attracted foreign capital, advanced technology and management expertise, upgraded industrial structure and improved economic pattern.China's economic development over the past 30 years and more is, in essence, attributable to reform and opening up;but at the same time, it has also benefited from the opportunities presented by economic globalization.中國在發(fā)展自己的同時，積極地促進(jìn)世界經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展?，F(xiàn)在，中國經(jīng)濟(jì)日益成為世界經(jīng)濟(jì)增長的重要引擎。據(jù)預(yù)測，2010年中國對世界經(jīng)濟(jì)增長的貢獻(xiàn)率將超過30%。在應(yīng)對國際金融危機(jī)的過程中，中國率先實現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟(jì)回升向好，為推動世界經(jīng)濟(jì)盡快企穩(wěn)復(fù)蘇發(fā)揮了重要作用。
While we pursue our own development in China, we are also making contributions to the growth of the world economy.The Chinese economy has increasingly become an important engine for world economic growth.It is estimated that China will account for more than 30% of world economic growth in 2010.In the wake of the international financial crisis, China was one of the first to recover and has played an important role in promoting an early world economic recovery.隨著中國經(jīng)濟(jì)日益融入世界經(jīng)濟(jì)，中國經(jīng)濟(jì)也面臨全球化帶來的越來越多的風(fēng)險與挑戰(zhàn)。國際金融市場的波動，使中國不少企業(yè)和個人手中的資產(chǎn)大幅縮水。國際能源、糧食價格的起落，也直接影響到中國人的生活。中國經(jīng)濟(jì)總量雖居世界前列，但人均國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值只有3700美元，不到美國人均國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值的十分之一，排在世界第100位以后。中國每年城市需要就業(yè)人口達(dá)2400萬。中國在前進(jìn)道路上還面臨經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)不合理、科技創(chuàng)新能力不強(qiáng)、資源環(huán)境約束強(qiáng)化、城鄉(xiāng)區(qū)域發(fā)展不平衡、經(jīng)濟(jì)社會發(fā)展不協(xié)調(diào)等問題和挑戰(zhàn)。這些問題和挑戰(zhàn)在全球化的背景下正變得越來越突出。
As China's economy is more integrated with the world economy, it is also exposed to more risks and challenges associated with globalization.Due to the fluctuations of the international financial market, many Chinese companies and individuals have seen the value of their assets drop significantly.The rise and fall of international energy and food prices also directly affect the life of the Chinese people.Although China's GDP is one of the biggest in the world, its per capita GDP is only 3,700 dollars, less than 10% of the per capital GDP in the US and ranking behind 100 other countries.Every year, 24 million people need jobs in Chinese cities.We still face such challenges as irrational economic structure, weak scientific innovation, worsening environmental and resource constraints, uneven development between urban and rural areas and between different regions, and imbalanced economic and social development.These challenges are becoming more acute in the time of globalization.在中國，不管多么小的問題，乘以13億就會成為很大的問題；不管多么可觀的財力、物力，除以13億就會成為很低的人均水平。這就是中國的實際。中國在發(fā)展進(jìn)程中遇到的問題和挑戰(zhàn)，無論是規(guī)模還是解決難度，在當(dāng)今世界都是罕見的。中國實現(xiàn)現(xiàn)代化，還有很長的路要走。中國仍然是一個發(fā)展中國家，必須繼續(xù)聚精會神搞建設(shè)，一心一意謀發(fā)展。中國始終不渝走和平發(fā)展道路，堅定奉行互利共贏的開放戰(zhàn)略。我們將繼續(xù)積極參與國際合作，履行國際責(zé)任和義務(wù)。
In China, any issue, no matter how small, will become a big one when multiplied by 1.3 billion, and any resources, no matter how abundant, will become very modest when divided by 1.3 billion.This is China's reality.In terms of magnitude and level of difficulty, the challenges and problems we have encountered in our development are rarely seen in the history of mankind.The road is still long for China to achieve modernization.As a developing country, China will continue to concentrate on development.China is firmly committed to the path of peaceful development and the strategy of mutually beneficial opening-up.We will continue to participate actively in international cooperation and fulfill international responsibilities and obligations.在全球化背景下，中美兩國的利益聯(lián)系從未像今天這樣緊密。目前，中美互為第二大貿(mào)易伙伴，中國是美國出口增長最快的海外市場。過去10年，美國對華出口增長了330%，今年前三季度又增長了33.8%。美國還是中國最大的外資來源地。中國公司到美國投資興業(yè)也呈增長態(tài)勢。
In this age of globalization, the interests of China and the United States have never been so closely connected.China and the US are now each other's second largest trading partner.China has been the fastest growing market for US export.US export to China has grown by 330% over the past decade.It grew by 33.8% in the first three quarters of this year.The US is the No.1 source of foreign investment in China.Investment from Chinese businesses in the US has also been increasing.中美經(jīng)貿(mào)關(guān)系是互利雙贏的。美國從對華經(jīng)貿(mào)合作中獲得了巨大實惠。
Economic and trade ties between China and the US are mutually beneficial.They have brought huge tangible benefits to the US.首先，美國對華出口迅速增長，為美國創(chuàng)造了大量就業(yè)機(jī)會。美國商務(wù)部長駱家輝曾指出，美國對亞洲出口每增加1個百分點(diǎn)，就為美國創(chuàng)造10萬個新的就業(yè)機(jī)會。據(jù)估算，2001年至2007年，美國對華出口為美國新增257萬個就業(yè)機(jī)會。摩根斯坦利公司測算，美國400萬至800萬個就業(yè)機(jī)會與中美貿(mào)易密切相關(guān)。
First, the rapid expansion of US export to China has created many job opportunities in the US.According to US Commerce Secretary Gary Locke, for every one percent increase in US export to Asia, 100,000 new jobs are created.It is estimated that between 2001 and 2007, US export to China created 2.57 million new jobs in the US.Research by Morgan Stanley has concluded that between four to eight million US jobs are closely associated with China-US trade.第二，中國向美國出口價廉物美的商品，既促進(jìn)了中國經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展，也滿足了美國市場需要，使美國消費(fèi)者節(jié)省了大量開支，據(jù)測算過去10年共節(jié)省了6000多億美元。美中貿(mào)易全國委員會一項研究顯示，對華貿(mào)易推動了美國經(jīng)濟(jì)增長，降低了美國通貨膨脹率，意味著每年為每一個美國家庭增加1000美元可支配收入。
Second, China's export of good quality but affordable commodities to the US has not just promoted China's economic growth, but also met the needs of American consumers and saved them lots of money.A total of over 600 billion dollars have been saved in the past 10 years, according to one estimate.One study by the US-China Business Council shows that trade with China has boosted economic growth and lowered inflation rate for the US, and that this means an increase of around 1,000 dollars in real disposable income per US household annually.第三，中國企業(yè)在美國投資，給當(dāng)?shù)貛砹舜罅烤蜆I(yè)。這里僅舉一例。中遠(yuǎn)集團(tuán)安排貨輪掛靠波士頓港，不僅避免了該港被關(guān)閉，而且為當(dāng)?shù)貏?chuàng)造了9000個就業(yè)崗位。
Third, investment by Chinese companies in the US has helped to create many local jobs.Just to cite one example, when the China Ocean Shipping Company(COSCO)started direct service to the Port of Boston in 2002, it not only saved the Port from being closed down and but also kept 9,000 jobs.第四，中國業(yè)務(wù)成為美國許多公司全球業(yè)務(wù)的重要增長亮點(diǎn)，有的公司在華企業(yè)甚至成為其唯一仍在贏利的分支。中國美國商會發(fā)布的《2010年在華美國企業(yè)商務(wù)環(huán)境調(diào)查》報告顯示，去年71%的在華美國企業(yè)實現(xiàn)贏利，91%的在華美國企業(yè)對未來5年的發(fā)展前景感到樂觀。以通用汽車公司為例，2009年通用汽車在美國申請破產(chǎn)保護(hù)，但當(dāng)年其在華銷量大幅增長67%，中國成為通用汽車全球第二大市場。
Fourth, the China business has become the highlight of growth for many American companies.For some, their China operation has been the only business generating profits.According to AmCham-China's 2010 White Paper on the State of American Business in China, 71% of US companies operating in China made profits in 2009 and 91% are optimistic about the prospect in the next five years.Taking General Motors for example, it filed for bankruptcy in 2009 in the US, but its sales in China went up by 67%, making China its second biggest overseas market.當(dāng)然，中美經(jīng)貿(mào)合作發(fā)展快，規(guī)模大，領(lǐng)域多，難免出現(xiàn)問題和摩擦，關(guān)鍵是要堅持通過對話與協(xié)商妥善處理。一段時間以來，美國一些人把中美貿(mào)易不平衡歸咎于人民幣匯率被低估。但事實上，中美貿(mào)易不平衡的根本原因不是人民幣匯率問題，而是貿(mào)易投資的結(jié)構(gòu)性差異，這恰恰是全球化背景下國際產(chǎn)業(yè)分工和轉(zhuǎn)移的結(jié)果。
Given the fact that our business ties are growing so fast in so many areas on such a large scale, problems and frictions are hardly avoidable.What is important is to address them properly through dialogue and consultation.For some time, there are some in the US who believe that the trade imbalance between us is caused by the under-valued exchange rate of the RMB.As a matter of fact, the root cause of the trade imbalance is the structural differences in trade and investment, rather than the RMB exchange rate.It is precisely the result of international division of labor and industrial transfer in the era of globalization.中國從不追求貿(mào)易順差。中國的貨物貿(mào)易是順差，但服務(wù)貿(mào)易是逆差。中國對美國和歐洲有貿(mào)易順差，但對日本、韓國和東盟國家有貿(mào)易逆差。中國對美國出口的產(chǎn)品絕大部分是勞動密集型、低附加值的消費(fèi)品，許多產(chǎn)品美國已不再生產(chǎn)，即使不從中國進(jìn)口，也會從其他國家進(jìn)口。靠人民幣升值解決不了美國的貿(mào)易逆差問題，也不會顯著降低美國的失業(yè)率。2005年至2008年，人民幣對美元升值了21.1%，但同期美國貿(mào)易逆差繼續(xù)增加。這充分說明，中美貿(mào)易不平衡問題不是人民幣匯率造成的。盡管如此，中國將繼續(xù)推進(jìn)人民幣匯率形成機(jī)制改革，但外部施壓只會適得其反。
China does not seek trade surplus.China has a surplus in trade of goods, but runs a deficit in trade of services.China has a surplus in trade with the US and Europe, but runs a deficit in trade with Japan, Republic of Korea and ASEAN countries.The majority of China's export to the US are labor-intensive, low value-added consumer goods.Many of them are no longer produced in the US.Even if the US does not import them from China, it will have to buy from other countries.Appreciation of the RMB will not solve the issue of trade imbalance for the US, nor will it noticeably reduce the US unemployment rate.From 2005 to 2008, the RMB has appreciated by 21.1% against US dollar, but the US trade deficit continued to grow during this period.This proves that the RMB exchange rate is not the cause of trade imbalance.Nevertheless, China will further advance the reform of its exchange rate regime, but external pressure can only be counterproductive.我們主張通過綜合的辦法緩解中美貿(mào)易不平衡問題。貿(mào)易戰(zhàn)、貨幣戰(zhàn)將使雙方都成為輸家。我認(rèn)為，雙方在以下三個方面加強(qiáng)合作至關(guān)重要：
We stand for a comprehensive approach to ease the trade imbalance between China and the US.Both sides will be losers should a trade war or currency war break out.In my view, it is of vital importance for us to cooperate in the following three areas:
一是繼續(xù)支持彼此的經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整。中國正立足擴(kuò)大內(nèi)需拉動經(jīng)濟(jì)增長，目前正在制訂“十二五”規(guī)劃，強(qiáng)調(diào)要堅持?jǐn)U大內(nèi)需戰(zhàn)略，轉(zhuǎn)變經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展方式，走科學(xué)發(fā)展的道路。預(yù)計今年中國國內(nèi)市場規(guī)模將超過2萬億美元，遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過中國的出口總額。同時，美國也在改變高負(fù)債、低儲蓄的增長方式。兩國應(yīng)支持彼此的結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整，特別是拓展在清潔能源、節(jié)能減排、環(huán)境保護(hù)、基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)和現(xiàn)代服務(wù)業(yè)等領(lǐng)域的合作。
First, to continue to support each other's economic restructuring.China is trying to achieve economic growth through boosting domestic demand.The 12th Five-Year Plan, which is being drafted, lays emphasis on continued effort to expand domestic demand, transform the mode of economic development and embark on the path of balanced development.The size of China's domestic market is expected to surpass two trillion US dollars this year, far more than China's total export.At the same time, the US is also changing its high spending, low saving mode of growth.We should support the restructuring efforts of each other and explore cooperation in such areas as clean energy, energy conservation and emission reduction, environmental protection, infrastructure and modern services industry.二是擴(kuò)大美國高技術(shù)產(chǎn)品對華出口。中國將繼續(xù)增加自美國的進(jìn)口。但2008年中國進(jìn)口的高技術(shù)產(chǎn)品中，自美國進(jìn)口比重只占6.9%，這與美國科技大國、強(qiáng)國的地位很不相稱。如果美國放寬高技術(shù)產(chǎn)品對華出口限制，真正推動自由貿(mào)易，美國對華出口將大幅增加。
Second, to increase US export of hi-tech products to China.China is prepared to further increase its import from the US.However, among the hi-tech products we imported in 2008, only 6.9% were from the US.This is not commensurate with the standing of US as the leading nation in science and technology.US export to China will be greatly enhanced if restriction on high-tech export to China be eased and real efforts be made to promote free trade.三是促進(jìn)中國企業(yè)對美國投資?，F(xiàn)在中國企業(yè)來美國投資面臨很多障礙和不確定性。希望美方為中國企業(yè)來美國投資提供公平競爭環(huán)境，這將有利于鼓勵更多中國企業(yè)到美國投資，促進(jìn)美國經(jīng)濟(jì)增長和創(chuàng)造就業(yè)。
Third, to encourage Chinese businesses to invest in the US.Currently, many Chinese companies face obstacles and uncertainties when making investment in the US.A level playing field needs to be created.This will encourage more Chinese companies to invest in the United States, which will be conducive to job creation and the growth of the economy in this country.中美兩國的合作具有日益重要的國際影響。在應(yīng)對國際金融危機(jī)方面，中美兩國加強(qiáng)了宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)政策協(xié)調(diào)，共同推動四次二十國集團(tuán)金融峰會取得積極成果，為促進(jìn)兩國經(jīng)濟(jì)和世界經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇作出了重要貢獻(xiàn)。兩國在反恐、防擴(kuò)散、氣候變化、朝核、伊朗核等一系列國際地區(qū)和全球性問題上也開展了富有成效的磋商與合作。
China-US cooperation has assumed greater international significance.In response to the international financial crisis, China and the US have stepped up macro economic coordination, worked together within the G20 framework, and made important contribution to economic recovery in both countries and in the world.We have also had productive consultation and cooperation on a series of regional and global issues such as counter-terrorism, non-proliferation, climate change, the Korean and Iranian nuclear issues.胡錦濤主席和奧巴馬總統(tǒng)已就共同努力建設(shè)21世紀(jì)積極合作全面的中美關(guān)系達(dá)成重要共識，為兩國關(guān)系的發(fā)展指明了方向。隨著中美兩國共同戰(zhàn)略利益不斷增加，兩國合作領(lǐng)域不斷拓展，中美關(guān)系發(fā)展的基礎(chǔ)將更加牢固，前景更加廣闊。
President Hu Jintao and President Obama have agreed to work together to build a positive, cooperative and comprehensive China-US relationship for the 21st century.This has set the direction for our bilateral relations.The China-US relationship will grow more solid and stronger as our two countries share more common strategic interests and cooperate with each other in more areas.最后，我想談?wù)勚袊c內(nèi)布拉斯加州的關(guān)系。
Finally, I wish to say a few words on China's relations with Nebraska.近年來，中國與內(nèi)布拉斯加州的交流合作不斷增強(qiáng)。內(nèi)布拉斯加州與中國貴州省結(jié)有友好省州關(guān)系。2000年至2009年，內(nèi)布拉斯加州對華出口增長了306%。2009年，內(nèi)布拉斯加州整體對外出口同比下降10%，但對華出口2.11億美元，同比增長6%。這充分說明了內(nèi)布拉斯加州對華出口的活力和潛力。中國已成為內(nèi)布拉斯加州第四大出口市場。今天下午，我同海涅曼州長進(jìn)行會見時，就加強(qiáng)中國與內(nèi)布拉斯加州的交流合作很好地交換了看法。
In recent years, China and Nebraska have increased mutual exchanges and cooperation.The state of Nebraska and Guizhou province of China have established sister relations.From 2000 to 2009, Nebraska's exports to China increased by 306%.In 2009, Nebraska's total export fell by 10%, but by contrast, its export to China rose by 6% to reach 211 million US dollars.This fully testifies to the strength and potential of Nebraska's export to China.China has become the fourth biggest export market for Nebraska.This afternoon, Governor Heineman and I had a good meeting and we explored ways to enhance cooperation Nebraska and China.教育文化交流是中國與內(nèi)布拉斯加州聯(lián)系的重要橋梁。目前，約12萬中國留學(xué)生正在美國學(xué)習(xí)深造，其中在內(nèi)布拉斯加州有1500人，在這里就有500多人。美國在華留學(xué)人數(shù)已達(dá)到近2萬人。美國政府已開始實施未來4年向中國派遣10萬留學(xué)生的計劃。我們歡迎更多的美國學(xué)生包括內(nèi)布拉斯加大學(xué)林肯分校的學(xué)生到中國學(xué)習(xí)和研究。我高興地得知，內(nèi)布拉斯加大學(xué)系統(tǒng)詹姆斯·米利肯校長正在中國訪問，這是他首次訪華，是推進(jìn)同中國高校交流合作的重要步驟。我祝愿貴校同中國高校開展的聯(lián)合培養(yǎng)博士生項目、聯(lián)合科研合作項目和孔子學(xué)院等越辦越好，為促進(jìn)中美教育文化交流和人民友誼作出新貢獻(xiàn)。
Educational and cultural exchanges can serve as an important bridge between China and Nebraska.At present, 120,000 Chinese students are studying in the US.There are 1,500 in Nebraska, including over 500 in UNL.Currently, there are about 20,000 American students studying in China.The US government has launched a 100,000 Strong Initiative by which it will send 100,000 American students to China in four years.We welcome more American students, including from UNL, to study and do research in China.I am pleased to learn that as we speak, President James Miliken is visiting China.This is his first trip to China, and it represents a major step to enhance exchanges and cooperation with Chinese universities.I hope that the Joint PhD programs, the Joint R&D projects and the Confucius Institute that the UNL has in partnership with Chinese universities will be more and more successful, thus making fresh contribution to the growth of our educational and cultural exchanges and friendship between our two countries.謝謝大家！
Thank you all very much.原文鏈接：http://
第五篇：口譯資料(來自可可)：駐美國大使張業(yè)遂在美國內(nèi)布拉斯加大學(xué)的演講
2010年11月10日，張業(yè)遂大使應(yīng)邀在美國內(nèi)布拉斯加大學(xué)林肯分?！皽丈澜鐔栴}論壇”上就“全球化時代的中國與中美關(guān)系”發(fā)表演講。
尊敬的珀爾曼校長，尊敬的哈格爾前參議員，女士們，先生們：
Chancellor Harvey Perlman, Senator Chuck Hagel, Ladies and Gentlemen，首先，我感謝珀爾曼校長的盛情邀請和熱情介紹。我很榮幸同哈格爾前參議員一起出席今天的“湯普森世界問題論壇”。
Let me start by thanking you, Chancellor Perlman, for your kind invitation and warm introduction.It is a great privilege to join Senator Hagel in attending tonight's E.N.Thompson Forum on World Issues.這是我第一次訪問內(nèi)布拉斯加州。我知道，內(nèi)布拉斯加大學(xué)林肯分校非同一般，是內(nèi)布拉斯加州最大的公立大學(xué)和教育學(xué)術(shù)文化中心。你們的“Cornhuskers”橄欖球隊也非同一般，曾五次榮獲全美冠軍，而且目前在聯(lián)盟聯(lián)賽中表現(xiàn)出色。我相信你們會在不遠(yuǎn)的時間內(nèi)再次獲得冠軍。祝你們好運(yùn)！
This is my first time in Nebraska.I understand that the University of Nebraska-Lincoln is very special.It is Nebraska's biggest public university as well as an educational, academic and cultural center.Your football team, the Cornhuskers, is also very special.You have won five national championships and you currently are doing very well at the Big 12.I trust you will win back the national championship again very soon.So good luck!
今晚論壇的主題是“全球化的前景”。我愿先談一下全球化與中國，再就全球化時代的中美關(guān)系談些看法。
As tonight's theme is “Globalization's Promise”, I would like to speak first on globalization and China and then on China-US relations in the era of globalization.2008年國際金融危機(jī)爆發(fā)以后，許多人開始質(zhì)疑全球化進(jìn)程：全球化的趨勢會不會逆轉(zhuǎn)？如何看待全球化的影響？如何應(yīng)對全球化帶來的種種問題？
Since the outbreak of the international financial crisis in 2008, many people have started to question the globalization process.Will the trend of globalization be reversed? How to view the impact of globalization? And how to deal with the various issues arising from globalization?
雖然這幾年世界經(jīng)濟(jì)遭受重創(chuàng)，但經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化的大趨勢并沒有改變。推動全球化進(jìn)程的科技進(jìn)步、跨國貿(mào)易和投資、全球產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整這三大因素仍然在發(fā)揮作用。以環(huán)保、新能源、低碳經(jīng)濟(jì)和低碳技術(shù)為核心的新技術(shù)繼續(xù)成為新一輪經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化的動力。在應(yīng)對國際金融危機(jī)的過程中，全球產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整和產(chǎn)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)移也在深化。
In spite of the heavy blow to the world economy by the international financial crisis, the main trend of economic globalization has not changed.This is because the three major drivers of globalization remain effective, namely, scientific and technological advances, cross-border trade and investment, and international industrial restructuring.New technologies, with environmental protection, new energy, low-carbon economy and technology at the core, will continue to drive the new round of globalization.In responding to the international financial crisis, there has been more profound industrial restructuring and relocation of resources world wide.經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化的“雙刃劍”效應(yīng)繼續(xù)顯現(xiàn)。一方面，毋庸置疑，由于生產(chǎn)要素在全球范圍內(nèi)的流動和配置，降低了成本，提高了效率，進(jìn)一步提升了世界生產(chǎn)力的總體水平。但另一方面，它也造成了世界經(jīng)濟(jì)失衡加劇，不僅南北差距進(jìn)一步拉大，一些發(fā)達(dá)經(jīng)濟(jì)體也受到全球化的沖擊。一些國家的民眾對全球化的不滿和質(zhì)疑在增多，貿(mào)易和投資保護(hù)主義情緒在上升。金融全球化過度發(fā)展的風(fēng)險性和危害性進(jìn)一步凸顯。
The effects of economic globalization as a double-edged sword have become more obvious.On the one hand, the worldwide flow and distribution of elements of production has undoubtedly lowered costs, increased efficiency and further improved overall productivity;but on the other hand, it has aggravated world economic imbalance and widened the gap between different economies.There is growing public discontent and suspicion in many countries, and the mood for trade and investment protection is on the rise.The risks of excessive financial globalization have also been recognized.解決全球化帶來的問題，需要全球共同作出努力，尤其需要推動全球化向普惠、協(xié)調(diào)、均衡的方向發(fā)展。為更好地應(yīng)對全球性挑戰(zhàn)，應(yīng)改善全球治理，建立健全相應(yīng)的機(jī)制和規(guī)則。二十國集團(tuán)機(jī)制是加強(qiáng)全球治理的獨(dú)特平臺。同時，要繼續(xù)改革國際貨幣基金組織和世界銀行等機(jī)構(gòu)，加強(qiáng)國際合作。
Global efforts are needed to address the challenges of globalization.It is necessary to make globalization more universally beneficial, coordinated and balanced.Global governance, with corresponding rules, regulations and mechanisms that can rise to global challenges, needs to be improved.The establishment of the G20 provided a unique platform for enhanced global governance.The reforms of the IMF and World Bank are also necessary steps to improve international cooperation.自1978年實行改革開放政策以來，中國積極參與國際分工與合作，積極引進(jìn)外資、先進(jìn)技術(shù)和管理經(jīng)驗，促進(jìn)了產(chǎn)業(yè)升級和優(yōu)化經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)。30多年來中國的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展，從根本上講靠的是改革開放，當(dāng)然也得益于抓住了經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化帶來的機(jī)遇。
Since the policy of reform and opening up was adopted in 1978, China has actively participated in international division of labor and cooperation, attracted foreign capital, advanced technology and management expertise, upgraded industrial structure and improved economic pattern.China's economic development over the past 30 years and more is, in essence, attributable to reform and opening up;but at the same time, it has also benefited from the opportunities presented by economic globalization.中國在發(fā)展自己的同時，積極地促進(jìn)世界經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展。現(xiàn)在，中國經(jīng)濟(jì)日益成為世界經(jīng)濟(jì)增長的重要引擎。據(jù)預(yù)測，2010年中國對世界經(jīng)濟(jì)增長的貢獻(xiàn)率將超過30%。在應(yīng)對國際金融危機(jī)的過程中，中國率先實現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟(jì)回升向好，為推動世界經(jīng)濟(jì)盡快企穩(wěn)復(fù)蘇發(fā)揮了重要作用。
While we pursue our own development in China, we are also making contributions to the growth of the world economy.The Chinese economy has increasingly become an important engine for world economic growth.It is estimated that China will account for more than 30% of world economic growth in 2010.In the wake of the international financial crisis, China was one of the first to recover and has played an important role in promoting an early world economic recovery.隨著中國經(jīng)濟(jì)日益融入世界經(jīng)濟(jì)，中國經(jīng)濟(jì)也面臨全球化帶來的越來越多的風(fēng)險與挑戰(zhàn)。國際金融市場的波動，使中國不少企業(yè)和個人手中的資產(chǎn)大幅縮水。國際能源、糧食價格的起落，也直接影響到中國人的生活。中國經(jīng)濟(jì)總量雖居世界前列，但人均國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值只有3700美元，不到美國人均國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值的十分之一，排在世界第100位以后。中國每年城市需要就業(yè)人口達(dá)2400萬。中國在前進(jìn)道路上還面臨經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)不合理、科技創(chuàng)新能力不強(qiáng)、資源環(huán)境約束強(qiáng)化、城鄉(xiāng)區(qū)域發(fā)展不平衡、經(jīng)濟(jì)社會發(fā)展不協(xié)調(diào)等問題和挑戰(zhàn)。這些問題和挑戰(zhàn)在全球化的背景下正變得越來越突出。
As China's economy is more integrated with the world economy, it is also exposed to more risks and challenges associated with globalization.Due to the fluctuations of the international financial market, many Chinese companies and individuals have seen the value of their assets drop significantly.The rise and fall of international energy and food prices also directly affect the life of the Chinese people.Although China's GDP is one of the biggest in the world, its per capita GDP is only 3,700 dollars, less than 10% of the per capital GDP in the US and ranking behind 100 other countries.Every year, 24 million people need jobs in Chinese cities.We still face such challenges as irrational economic structure, weak scientific innovation, worsening environmental and resource constraints, uneven development between urban and rural areas and between different regions, and imbalanced economic and social development.These challenges are becoming more acute in the time of globalization.在中國，不管多么小的問題，乘以13億就會成為很大的問題；不管多么可觀的財力、物力，除以13億就會成為很低的人均水平。這就是中國的實際。中國在發(fā)展進(jìn)程中遇到的問題和挑戰(zhàn)，無論是規(guī)模還是解決難度，在當(dāng)今世界都是罕見的。中國實現(xiàn)現(xiàn)代化，還有很長的路要走。中國仍然是一個發(fā)展中國家，必須繼續(xù)聚精會神搞建設(shè)，一心一意謀發(fā)展。中國始終不渝走和平發(fā)展道路，堅定奉行互利共贏的開放戰(zhàn)略。我們將繼續(xù)積極參與國際合作，履行國際責(zé)任和義務(wù)。
In China, any issue, no matter how small, will become a big one when multiplied by 1.3 billion, and any resources, no matter how abundant, will become very modest when divided by 1.3 billion.This is China's reality.In terms of magnitude and level of difficulty, the challenges and problems we have encountered in our development are rarely seen in the history of mankind.The road is still long for China to achieve modernization.As a developing country, China will continue to concentrate on development.China is firmly committed to the path of peaceful development and the strategy of mutually beneficial opening-up.We will continue to participate actively in international cooperation and fulfill international responsibilities and obligations.在全球化背景下，中美兩國的利益聯(lián)系從未像今天這樣緊密。目前，中美互為第二大貿(mào)易伙伴，中國是美國出口增長最快的海外市場。過去10年，美國對華出口增長了330%，今年前三季度又增長了33.8%。美國還是中國最大的外資來源地。中國公司到美國投資興業(yè)也呈增長態(tài)勢。
In this age of globalization, the interests of China and the United States have never been so closely connected.China and the US are now each other's second largest trading partner.China has been the fastest growing market for US export.US export to China has grown by 330% over the past decade.It grew by 33.8% in the first three quarters of this year.The US is the No.1 source of foreign investment in China.Investment from Chinese businesses in the US has also been increasing.中美經(jīng)貿(mào)關(guān)系是互利雙贏的。美國從對華經(jīng)貿(mào)合作中獲得了巨大實惠。
Economic and trade ties between China and the US are mutually beneficial.They have brought huge tangible benefits to the US.首先，美國對華出口迅速增長，為美國創(chuàng)造了大量就業(yè)機(jī)會。美國商務(wù)部長駱家輝曾指出，美國對亞洲出口每增加1個百分點(diǎn)，就為美國創(chuàng)造10萬個新的就業(yè)機(jī)會。據(jù)估算，2001年至2007年，美國對華出口為美國新增257萬個就業(yè)機(jī)會。摩根斯坦利公司測算，美國400萬至800萬個就業(yè)機(jī)會與中美貿(mào)易密切相關(guān)。
First, the rapid expansion of US export to China has created many job opportunities in the US.According to US Commerce Secretary Gary Locke, for every one percent increase in US export to Asia, 100,000 new jobs are created.It is estimated that between 2001 and 2007, US export to China created 2.57 million new jobs in the US.Research by Morgan Stanley has concluded that between four to eight million US jobs are closely associated with China-US trade.第二，中國向美國出口價廉物美的商品，既促進(jìn)了中國經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展，也滿足了美國市場需要，使美國消費(fèi)者節(jié)省了大量開支，據(jù)測算過去10年共節(jié)省了6000多億美元。美中貿(mào)易全國委員會一項研究顯示，對華貿(mào)易推動了美國經(jīng)濟(jì)增長，降低了美國通貨膨脹率，意味著每年為每一個美國家庭增加1000美元可支配收入。
Second, China's export of good quality but affordable commodities to the US has not just promoted China's economic growth, but also met the needs of American consumers and saved them lots of money.A total of over 600 billion dollars have been saved in the past 10 years, according to one estimate.One study by the US-China Business Council shows that trade with China has boosted economic growth and lowered inflation rate for the US, and that this means an increase of around 1,000 dollars in real disposable income per US household annually.第三，中國企業(yè)在美國投資，給當(dāng)?shù)貛砹舜罅烤蜆I(yè)。這里僅舉一例。中遠(yuǎn)集團(tuán)安排貨輪掛靠波士頓港，不僅避免了該港被關(guān)閉，而且為當(dāng)?shù)貏?chuàng)造了9000個就業(yè)崗位。
Third, investment by Chinese companies in the US has helped to create many local jobs.Just to cite one example, when the China Ocean Shipping Company(COSCO)started direct service to the Port of Boston in 2002, it not only saved the Port from being closed down and but also kept 9,000 jobs.第四，中國業(yè)務(wù)成為美國許多公司全球業(yè)務(wù)的重要增長亮點(diǎn)，有的公司在華企業(yè)甚至成為其唯一仍在贏利的分支。中國美國商會發(fā)布的《2010年在華美國企業(yè)商務(wù)環(huán)境調(diào)查》報告顯示，去年71%的在華美國企業(yè)實現(xiàn)贏利，91%的在華美國企業(yè)對未來5年的發(fā)展前景感到樂觀。以通用汽車公司為例，2009年通用汽車在美國申請破產(chǎn)保護(hù)，但當(dāng)年其在華銷量大幅增長67%，中國成為通用汽車全球第二大市場。
Fourth, the China business has become the highlight of growth for many American companies.For some, their China operation has been the only business generating profits.According to AmCham-China's 2010 White Paper on the State of American Business in China, 71% of US companies operating in China made profits in 2009 and 91% are optimistic about the prospect in the next five years.Taking General Motors for example, it filed for bankruptcy in 2009 in the US, but its sales in China went up by 67%, making China its second biggest overseas market.當(dāng)然，中美經(jīng)貿(mào)合作發(fā)展快，規(guī)模大，領(lǐng)域多，難免出現(xiàn)問題和摩擦，關(guān)鍵是要堅持通過對話與協(xié)商妥善處理。一段時間以來，美國一些人把中美貿(mào)易不平衡歸咎于人民幣匯率被低估。但事實上，中美貿(mào)易不平衡的根本原因不是人民幣匯率問題，而是貿(mào)易投資的結(jié)構(gòu)性差異，這恰恰是全球化背景下國際產(chǎn)業(yè)分工和轉(zhuǎn)移的結(jié)果。
Given the fact that our business ties are growing so fast in so many areas on such a large scale, problems and frictions are hardly avoidable.What is important is to address them properly through dialogue and consultation.For some time, there are some in the US who believe that the trade imbalance between us is caused by the under-valued exchange rate of the RMB.As a matter of fact, the root cause of the trade imbalance is the structural differences in trade and investment, rather than the RMB exchange rate.It is precisely the result of international division of labor and industrial transfer in the era of globalization.中國從不追求貿(mào)易順差。中國的貨物貿(mào)易是順差，但服務(wù)貿(mào)易是逆差。中國對美國和歐洲有貿(mào)易順差，但對日本、韓國和東盟國家有貿(mào)易逆差。中國對美國出口的產(chǎn)品絕大部分是勞動密集型、低附加值的消費(fèi)品，許多產(chǎn)品美國已不再生產(chǎn)，即使不從中國進(jìn)口，也會從其他國家進(jìn)口?？咳嗣駧派到鉀Q不了美國的貿(mào)易逆差問題，也不會顯著降低美國的失業(yè)率。2005年至2008年，人民幣對美元升值了21.1%，但同期美國貿(mào)易逆差繼續(xù)增加。這充分說明，中美貿(mào)易不平衡問題不是人民幣匯率造成的。盡管如此，中國將繼續(xù)推進(jìn)人民幣匯率形成機(jī)制改革，但外部施壓只會適得其反。
China does not seek trade surplus.China has a surplus in trade of goods, but runs a deficit in trade of services.China has a surplus in trade with the US and Europe, but runs a deficit in trade with Japan, Republic of Korea and ASEAN countries.The majority of China's export to the US are labor-intensive, low value-added consumer goods.Many of them are no longer produced in the US.Even if the US does not import them from China, it will have to buy from other countries.Appreciation of the RMB will not solve the issue of trade imbalance for the US, nor will it noticeably reduce the US unemployment rate.From 2005 to 2008, the RMB has appreciated by 21.1% against US dollar, but the US trade deficit continued to grow during this period.This proves that the RMB exchange rate is not the cause of trade imbalance.Nevertheless, China will further advance the reform of its exchange rate regime, but external pressure can only be counterproductive.我們主張通過綜合的辦法緩解中美貿(mào)易不平衡問題。貿(mào)易戰(zhàn)、貨幣戰(zhàn)將使雙方都成為輸家。我認(rèn)為，雙方在以下三個方面加強(qiáng)合作至關(guān)重要：
We stand for a comprehensive approach to ease the trade imbalance between China and the US.Both sides will be losers should a trade war or currency war break out.In my view, it is of vital importance for us to cooperate in the following three areas:
一是繼續(xù)支持彼此的經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整。中國正立足擴(kuò)大內(nèi)需拉動經(jīng)濟(jì)增長，目前正在制訂“十二五”規(guī)劃，強(qiáng)調(diào)要堅持?jǐn)U大內(nèi)需戰(zhàn)略，轉(zhuǎn)變經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展方式，走科學(xué)發(fā)展的道路。預(yù)計今年中國國內(nèi)市場規(guī)模將超過2萬億美元，遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過中國的出口總額。同時，美國也在改變高負(fù)債、低儲蓄的增長方式。兩國應(yīng)支持彼此的結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整，特別是拓展在清潔能源、節(jié)能減排、環(huán)境保護(hù)、基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)和現(xiàn)代服務(wù)業(yè)等領(lǐng)域的合作。
First, to continue to support each other's economic restructuring.China is trying to achieve economic growth through boosting domestic demand.The 12th Five-Year Plan, which is being drafted, lays emphasis on continued effort to expand domestic demand, transform the mode of economic development and embark on the path of balanced development.The size of China's domestic market is expected to surpass two trillion US dollars this year, far more than China's total export.At the same time, the US is also changing its high spending, low saving mode of growth.We should support the restructuring efforts of each other and explore cooperation in such areas as clean energy, energy conservation and emission reduction, environmental protection, infrastructure and modern services industry.二是擴(kuò)大美國高技術(shù)產(chǎn)品對華出口。中國將繼續(xù)增加自美國的進(jìn)口。但2008年中國進(jìn)口的高技術(shù)產(chǎn)品中，自美國進(jìn)口比重只占6.9%，這與美國科技大國、強(qiáng)國的地位很不相稱。如果美國放寬高技術(shù)產(chǎn)品對華出口限制，真正推動自由貿(mào)易，美國對華出口將大幅增加。
Second, to increase US export of hi-tech products to China.China is prepared to further increase its import from the US.However, among the hi-tech products we imported in 2008, only 6.9% were from the US.This is not commensurate with the standing of US as the leading nation in science and technology.US export to China will be greatly enhanced if restriction on high-tech export to China be eased and real efforts be made to promote free trade.三是促進(jìn)中國企業(yè)對美國投資?，F(xiàn)在中國企業(yè)來美國投資面臨很多障礙和不確定性。希望美方為中國企業(yè)來美國投資提供公平競爭環(huán)境，這將有利于鼓勵更多中國企業(yè)到美國投資，促進(jìn)美國經(jīng)濟(jì)增長和創(chuàng)造就業(yè)。
Third, to encourage Chinese businesses to invest in the US.Currently, many Chinese companies face obstacles and uncertainties when making investment in the US.A level playing field needs to be created.This will encourage more Chinese companies to invest in the United States, which will be conducive to job creation and the growth of the economy in this country.中美兩國的合作具有日益重要的國際影響。在應(yīng)對國際金融危機(jī)方面，中美兩國加強(qiáng)了宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)政策協(xié)調(diào)，共同推動四次二十國集團(tuán)金融峰會取得積極成果，為促進(jìn)兩國經(jīng)濟(jì)和世界經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇作出了重要貢獻(xiàn)。兩國在反恐、防擴(kuò)散、氣候變化、朝核、伊朗核等一系列國際地區(qū)和全球性問題上也開展了富有成效的磋商與合作。
China-US cooperation has assumed greater international significance.In response to the international financial crisis, China and the US have stepped up macro economic coordination, worked together within the G20 framework, and made important contribution to economic recovery in both countries and in the world.We have also had productive consultation and cooperation on a series of regional and global issues such as counter-terrorism, non-proliferation, climate change, the Korean and Iranian nuclear issues.胡錦濤主席和奧巴馬總統(tǒng)已就共同努力建設(shè)21世紀(jì)積極合作全面的中美關(guān)系達(dá)成重要共識，為兩國關(guān)系的發(fā)展指明了方向。隨著中美兩國共同戰(zhàn)略利益不斷增加，兩國合作領(lǐng)域不斷拓展，中美關(guān)系發(fā)展的基礎(chǔ)將更加牢固，前景更加廣闊。
President Hu Jintao and President Obama have agreed to work together to build a positive, cooperative and comprehensive China-US relationship for the 21st century.This has set the direction for our bilateral relations.The China-US relationship will grow more solid and stronger as our two countries share more common strategic interests and cooperate with each other in more areas.最后，我想談?wù)勚袊c內(nèi)布拉斯加州的關(guān)系。
Finally, I wish to say a few words on China's relations with Nebraska.近年來，中國與內(nèi)布拉斯加州的交流合作不斷增強(qiáng)。內(nèi)布拉斯加州與中國貴州省結(jié)有友好省州關(guān)系。2000年至2009年，內(nèi)布拉斯加州對華出口增長了306%。2009年，內(nèi)布拉斯加州整體對外出口同比下降10%，但對華出口2.11億美元，同比增長6%。這充分說明了內(nèi)布拉斯加州對華出口的活力和潛力。中國已成為內(nèi)布拉斯加州第四大出口市場。今天下午，我同海涅曼州長進(jìn)行會見時，就加強(qiáng)中國與內(nèi)布拉斯加州的交流合作很好地交換了看法。In recent years, China and Nebraska have increased mutual exchanges and cooperation.The state of Nebraska and Guizhou province of China have established sister relations.From 2000 to 2009, Nebraska's exports to China increased by 306%.In 2009, Nebraska's total export fell by 10%, but by contrast, its export to China rose by 6% to reach 211 million US dollars.This fully testifies to the strength and potential of Nebraska's export to China.China has become the fourth biggest export market for Nebraska.This afternoon, Governor Heineman and I had a good meeting and we explored ways to enhance cooperation Nebraska and China.教育文化交流是中國與內(nèi)布拉斯加州聯(lián)系的重要橋梁。目前，約12萬中國留學(xué)生正在美國學(xué)習(xí)深造，其中在內(nèi)布拉斯加州有1500人，在這里就有500多人。美國在華留學(xué)人數(shù)已達(dá)到近2萬人。美國政府已開始實施未來4年向中國派遣10萬留學(xué)生的計劃。我們歡迎更多的美國學(xué)生包括內(nèi)布拉斯加大學(xué)林肯分校的學(xué)生到中國學(xué)習(xí)和研究。我高興地得知，內(nèi)布拉斯加大學(xué)系統(tǒng)詹姆斯·米利肯校長正在中國訪問，這是他首次訪華，是推進(jìn)同中國高校交流合作的重要步驟。我祝愿貴校同中國高校開展的聯(lián)合培養(yǎng)博士生項目、聯(lián)合科研合作項目和孔子學(xué)院等越辦越好，為促進(jìn)中美教育文化交流和人民友誼作出新貢獻(xiàn)。
Educational and cultural exchanges can serve as an important bridge between China and Nebraska.At present, 120,000 Chinese students are studying in the US.There are 1,500 in Nebraska, including over 500 in UNL.Currently, there are about 20,000 American students studying in China.The US government has launched a 100,000 Strong Initiative by which it will send 100,000 American students to China in four years.We welcome more American students, including from UNL, to study and do research in China.I am pleased to learn that as we speak, President James Miliken is visiting China.This is his first trip to China, and it represents a major step to enhance exchanges and cooperation with Chinese universities.I hope that the Joint PhD programs, the Joint R&D projects and the Confucius Institute that the UNL has in partnership with Chinese universities will be more and more successful, thus making fresh contribution to the growth of our educational and cultural exchanges and friendship between our two countries.謝謝大家！
Thank you all very much.
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