第一篇:(英語畢業(yè)論文)中西文化差異在廣告創(chuàng)意中的影射
2016年最新全英原創(chuàng)畢業(yè)論文,都是近期寫作
從女性主義分析《紅字》與《傲慢與偏見》
文化視角下的英漢習(xí)語對(duì)譯(開題報(bào)告+論文+)從小說《百萬英鎊》中看對(duì)當(dāng)今社會(huì)的諷刺意義
淺析英語無靈句中的漢英認(rèn)知思維方式差異 An Application of Schema Theory in Interpreting 傲慢與偏見的電影與原著比較 英語財(cái)經(jīng)報(bào)道中的詞匯銜接研究 從目的論角度看漢語廣告的英譯
論婦女解放歷程在《紫色》中的體現(xiàn)——以主人公西麗為例 英文電影題目翻譯的異化與歸化研究
論“看,易,寫”方法在旅游翻譯中的應(yīng)用 戰(zhàn)爭對(duì)美國文學(xué)的影響
從跨文化角度看導(dǎo)游詞翻譯的詞匯空缺現(xiàn)象
⑧ 0 ⑤⑨⑨ 0⑦④⑨ 15 文檔所公布均英語專業(yè)全英原創(chuàng)畢業(yè)論文。原創(chuàng)16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 Analysis of the Personality Changes of the Characters in The Grapes of Wrath 《霧都孤兒》中的反猶主義
《湯姆叔叔的小屋》人物性格的宗教色彩剖析 淺析《小婦人》中喬的女性意識(shí)及其成長過程 從文化差異的角度看《紅樓夢》顏色詞的英譯
電影《穿普拉達(dá)的女魔頭》中反語的運(yùn)用與人物性格塑造 透過電影《假結(jié)婚》看中美傳統(tǒng)婚姻習(xí)俗差異 禮貌原則視角下奧巴馬演講技巧的分析
顯現(xiàn)的被動(dòng)隱現(xiàn)的自我——《看不見的人》中被動(dòng)語態(tài)的身份建構(gòu)功能研究 從《悲悼三部曲》看尤金奧尼爾對(duì)古希臘悲劇的繼承性超越
出人意料的結(jié)局和夸張-基于歐亨利的短篇小說《忙碌經(jīng)紀(jì)人的羅曼史》 從商業(yè)性角度論電影名稱的翻譯 英國足球文化研究 中美稱贊語的對(duì)比分析 淺析《白牙》中愛的力量
Conflicts between Chinese Culture and American Culture in The Joy Luck Club The Symbolic Meanings of Letter “A” in The Scarlet Letter 英漢災(zāi)難性新聞導(dǎo)語寫作手法初探
剖析《麥田里的守望者》主人公霍爾頓的復(fù)雜個(gè)性 從傳播美學(xué)分析國內(nèi)暢銷知名化妝品廣告中的譯文 從《傲慢與偏見》看簡奧斯丁的婚姻觀
雙重文化下的文化選擇——解析電影《刮痧》中中國移民的文化身份危機(jī) Exploring How to Increase Students' Interest in English 論科技英語翻譯中科學(xué)性與藝術(shù)性的和諧統(tǒng)一
對(duì)《傲慢與偏見》中貝內(nèi)特太太及其女兒們的人物評(píng)論
Business English Translation from the Perspective of Functional Equivalence Theory
論《黑夜中的旅人》中主人公的信仰沖突與融合 角色扮演活動(dòng)在小學(xué)英語教學(xué)中的應(yīng)用 淺析詹姆斯喬伊斯《阿拉比》中的精神頓悟 英漢招呼語對(duì)比與應(yīng)用研究 英文電影片名漢譯策略研究 從目的論看汽車廣告的翻譯策略
性格決定命運(yùn)----淺談《老人與?!飞L醽喐缧愿裉攸c(diǎn) 英漢拒絕言語對(duì)比研究
字幕中的幽默翻譯—以《老友記》為例 《白雪公主》的后現(xiàn)代主義創(chuàng)作技巧
淺析奧尼爾劇作《馬克百萬》中的道家思想 解析凱瑟琳的愛情與婚姻之分離
An Analysis of the Fatalism and Pessimistic View in Tess of the D’Urbervilles 商務(wù)英語寫作中的語用失誤研究 初中英語詞匯教學(xué)法研究綜述 對(duì)《嘉莉妹妹》中搖椅意象的解讀
邊緣人群的孤獨(dú)與無奈——對(duì)《夜訪吸血鬼》中路易斯的研究 從合作原則的視角探析《神探夏洛克》人物話語風(fēng)格 Gone with the Wind: From Novel to Film 《傲慢與偏見》中的三種不同婚姻的分析 新課標(biāo)下高中英語學(xué)習(xí)策略調(diào)查 漢英諺語中關(guān)于文化價(jià)值觀的比較 從心理學(xué)角度看霍爾頓的內(nèi)心世界 中學(xué)英語口語教學(xué)中的互動(dòng) 解析《愛瑪》中女主人公的形象 論《純真年代》的女性意識(shí)
從消費(fèi)心理學(xué)角度談汽車品牌名稱的翻譯 通過苔絲透析托馬斯哈代的現(xiàn)代女性意識(shí) 《三國演義》中帶數(shù)字的詞語翻譯研究 英語新詞的形成特征 英語詞匯的記憶方法
艾米麗狄金森的詩歌《我不能與你一起生活》的多重主題研究 論關(guān)聯(lián)理論對(duì)旅游資料英譯的指導(dǎo)意義 《湯姆索亞歷險(xiǎn)記》的藝術(shù)魅力
從電視劇《絕望主婦》看委婉語的交際功能 從《培根論人生》分析弗朗西斯培根的人生觀 論翻譯方法的選擇
小說與電影的空間敘事:以《追風(fēng)箏的人》為例 To Foster Pupils’Interests in English Teaching
從象征主義視角看《阿拉比》和《一個(gè)干凈明亮的地方》 從意象看《喜福會(huì)》的主題 話語風(fēng)格的性別差異
從上海迪士尼的興建看中西文化異同 從跨文化交際角度看中西方商務(wù)談判
中西方跨文化交際中非語言行為的文化差異
An Analysis of Vampire Image in Fevre Dream by George Martin 88 初中英語教學(xué)中的角色扮演
The Application of Functionalist Approaches in Advertisement Translation 90 An Analysis of the Names in Tess of the d’Urbervilles
從《羅密歐與朱麗葉》和《牡丹亭》看中西方古典文學(xué)中的性別歧視 92 英文電影片名翻譯的歸化與異化 93 論《魯濱遜漂流記》中的殖民主義
從《哈利波特與火焰杯》看文學(xué)翻譯中的文化沖突 95 淺析隱藏在“面紗”之后的伯莎梅森
Effects of First Person Narration on Thematic Expression in Araby 97 回譯在翻譯教學(xué)中的作用 98 論遠(yuǎn)大前程中皮普的道德觀 99 淺析《飄》中的女性意識(shí)
論英語課堂教學(xué)中的非語言交際
淺談中外記者招待會(huì)中口譯者的跨文化意識(shí) 102 英語基本味覺詞“甜/苦”的隱喻機(jī)制 103 初中英語詞匯教學(xué)
分析《土生子》中的種族主義的惡性影響
阿瑟·米勒《推銷員之死》中小人物的悲劇之源 106 論原聲電影對(duì)提高大學(xué)生英語聽說能力的作用 107 “工業(yè)小說”《瑪麗巴頓》的宗教解析
命運(yùn)與社會(huì)的犧牲品—苔絲的悲劇根源探析 109 諸神形象折射中西方價(jià)值觀不同 110 英漢化妝品說明書對(duì)比及漢譯策略 111 《蒂凡尼的早餐》:從小說到電影 112
《戀愛中的女人》人物及其人物關(guān)系的象征分析 114 中學(xué)英語教學(xué)到大學(xué)英語教學(xué)銜接問題研究 115 從會(huì)話含義分析鮑西婭人物形象
論海明威《一天的等待》的冰山原則寫作風(fēng)格
情景法在新概念英語教學(xué)中的應(yīng)用——以杭州新東方為例 118 從酒文化中透析中西文化差異 119 職場女性的言語行為的禮貌原則
中國英語學(xué)習(xí)者道歉言語行為的中介語石化現(xiàn)象 121 廣告英語修辭特點(diǎn)及其翻譯
從語用學(xué)角度分析《復(fù)仇者聯(lián)盟》中的言語幽默 123 《紅樓夢》委婉語翻譯探究 124 《嘉莉妹妹》的自然主義解讀 125 中英愛情隱喻的對(duì)比研究
國際商務(wù)談判中的文化差異分析 127 中英道歉語的比較分析 128 企業(yè)資料的翻譯原則
對(duì)比分析在英語語音教學(xué)中的應(yīng)用
淺談?dòng)⒄Z教學(xué)中的情感教學(xué)
英語專業(yè)本科畢業(yè)論文摘要的體裁分析 132 歐亨利《最后一片葉子》解讀 133 淺析哈代主要小說作品中鳥的意象
An Analysis of English Euphemisms Used in Literary Works 135 美國俚語中所折射出的美國亞文化現(xiàn)象 136 對(duì)圣經(jīng)文學(xué)性之賞析
從奈達(dá)翻譯理論初探英漢新聞導(dǎo)語翻譯策略 138 《玻璃動(dòng)物園》中的逃避主義解讀
American Individualism and Its Reflection in the Film Erin Brockovich 140 米蘭?昆德拉《生命中不能承受之輕》的哲學(xué)體現(xiàn) 141 試分析《牡丹亭》與《羅密歐與朱麗葉》的愛情模式 142 論托馬斯哈代詩歌中的死亡意識(shí) 143 從數(shù)字看中西方文化差異
On the Female Character During the War Through A Farewell to Arms 145 On Relationship Between Mothers-and-Daughters-in-Law in China and the West 146 A Comparison of Values between China and the West 147 哈克貝里·費(fèi)恩與湯姆·索亞性格的對(duì)比分析 148 淺析隱藏在“面紗”之后的伯莎梅森 149 A Comparison of the English Color Terms 150 淺析《飄》中的女性意識(shí) 151 中西禮儀對(duì)比
152 淺析隱藏在“面紗”之后的伯莎梅森
153 “小紅帽”符號(hào)的跨文化解讀—《小紅帽》的文本旅行與接收 154 扼殺在萌芽中的期許— “一小時(shí)里故事”中的女權(quán)渴望
155 A General Analysis of Mr.Xu Yuanzhong’s Translation Art of Language Variation in Classic Poems 156 Pragmatic Consciousness in College English Teaching 157 論《英國病人》中角色的自我認(rèn)知 158 英語詞匯中的性別歧視
159 英語閱讀理解中的若干信息處理手段
160 《基督山伯爵》與亞歷山大大仲馬的金錢觀 161 從合作性原則看品牌代言中廣告語的使用 162 論交際法在初中英語教學(xué)中的運(yùn)用 163 淺析英語動(dòng)物類習(xí)語的翻譯
164 The Pragmatic Analysis of English Euphemism 165 On the Character of Scarlett O’Hara and the Transition of American Society 166 淺析隱藏在“面紗”之后的伯莎梅森 167 淺析美國電影對(duì)白中俚語的翻譯技巧
168 Influence of Western Food Culture upon Chinese People 169 《青春》中的孤獨(dú)主題分析 170 論《金色筆記》的多元主題
171 愛德華摩根福斯特《看得見風(fēng)景的房間》的人文主義解讀 172 揚(yáng)馬特爾《少年P(guān)i的奇幻漂流》中的空間敘事與空間形式
173
174 The Glossology and Translation of Rhetorical Devices of Harry Potter 175 論順句驅(qū)動(dòng)在英漢同聲傳譯中的運(yùn)用 176 增譯法在商務(wù)英語漢譯中的應(yīng)用 177 美國英語新詞匯特點(diǎn)
178 英語專業(yè)學(xué)生詞匯學(xué)習(xí)策略特點(diǎn)研究 179 禮貌原則在商務(wù)英語中的運(yùn)用
180 論《喜福會(huì)》中的中美文化沖突與兼容 181 《霧都孤兒》中南希的人物性格分析 182 淺析奧斯丁的女性意識(shí)
183 英漢“悲傷”情感隱喻認(rèn)知對(duì)比分析 184 《玻璃動(dòng)物園》中的逃避主義解讀 185 A Study of Nonverbal Communication 186 提高學(xué)生寫作能力的途徑和方法
187 高中英語閱讀教學(xué)中學(xué)生自主學(xué)習(xí)能力的培養(yǎng) 188 從文化視角看中西方的禮節(jié)差異 189 淺析隱藏在“面紗”之后的伯莎梅森 190 從功能對(duì)等理論看字幕翻譯 191 英漢問候語對(duì)比研究
192 從文化翻譯觀看異化與歸化的相對(duì)性 193 英漢習(xí)語中的文化差異及翻譯研究 194 漢英諺語中關(guān)于文化價(jià)值觀的比較 195 淺析隱藏在“面紗”之后的伯莎梅森
196 愛默生的自然觀--生態(tài)批評(píng)視域下的《論自然》(開題報(bào)告+論)197 英語口語教學(xué)中的不足之處以及改善方法 198 中英委婉語文化內(nèi)涵特征對(duì)比研究 199 中美家庭價(jià)值觀差異淺析
200 英美國家政治委婉語的文化解讀
第二篇:英語畢業(yè)論文-論中西飲食文化差異
Content Abstract On Differences Between Chinese and Western Dietary Cultures Abstract Diet is absolutely necessary in the life of mankind, and even in the existence or development.Because of the differences between Chinese and western cultural traditions, the Chinese and western dietary cultures are different in concept, target, pattern, attribution and nature.We study these differences and then find out the points that can be digested, in order to facilitate the communication about cultures between China and the west.Taiwan Professor Zhang Qijun said, “The old saying, 'Eat, drink, man, woman who wishes greatly'.For such a standard fair, western culture(in particular, modern American culture)can be said to be male and female culture.But the Chinese culture can be said to be a dietary culture.“As the reason of the cultural traditions, the western lives tend to men and women, but because of the narrow gender relations, Chinese people are dumping guidance on life in the restaurants.Thus the diet is rich in culture.Food culture in the west is not developed enough, but this underdevelopment itself is the result of the development of a culture, so it is still significant to study the dietary cultures of Chinese and Western diet.By the analysis of the differences between Chinese and western dietary cultures, we can comprehend the respective cultural traditions of China and the west.And we can also improve and create the culture of China.Key Words dietary culture;cultural tradition;differences 摘 要 飲食是人類生活、生存與發(fā)展的必需,可是由于中西方文化傳統(tǒng)的差異,導(dǎo)致了中西方飲食文化在觀念、對(duì)象、方式、歸屬與性質(zhì)方面產(chǎn)生了差異,研究這些差異,找出可以融會(huì)貫通的地方,促進(jìn)中西文化交流。臺(tái)灣張起鈞教授說過“古語說‘飲食男女人之大欲存焉’。就這樣的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)而論,西方文化(特別是近代美國式的文化)可說是男女文化,而中國可說是一種飲食文化?!庇捎谖幕瘋鹘y(tǒng)的緣故,西方人的人生傾向男女關(guān)系,而中國人由于對(duì)男女關(guān)系的褊狹,把人生精力傾泄導(dǎo)向于飲食。由此賦予飲食以豐富的文化內(nèi)涵,雖然飲食文化在西方不夠發(fā)達(dá),但這種不發(fā)達(dá)本身也是一種文化發(fā)展的結(jié)果,所以對(duì)中西飲食文化的比較仍有意義。通過對(duì)中西飲食文化差異的分析,我們可以了解中西方各自的文化傳統(tǒng);同時(shí)能對(duì)中國文化進(jìn)行改善與創(chuàng)新。關(guān)鍵詞 飲食文化;文化傳統(tǒng);差異 Introduction Once there is a saying that ”Food is eating well-deserved for human life”, so food is an indispensable condition for the survival and development of human beings.There are two desires in life: one is feasting them to survive;and another is the lust of men and women, which can help the mankind to carry on the family line.Facing the two desires, China pays more attention to the former, while the west tends to the latter.Such phenomenon affects the cultural trend.Diet is actually the contents of our daily lives, but why we call it culture? That is because the diet has special status in the Chinese culture, and it also has a great distinction between China and the west.As one of the world ancient nations, China’s diet has a history almost as long as that of Chinese civilization.But in western countries, ancient thinkers devoted less attention to the food problem than the Chinese philosophers did, and there is even not aware of it to the “heaven” degree.With the opposite, they recognized and interpreted the world in the perspective of the lust or love of men and women more.Whether the awareness of original sin of Christianity, Adam and Eve legend, or ancient Greek philosophy(such as Plato's dialogue)who considered the personal relationships “l(fā)ove” as the love of ontology of beauty, and regarded it as a reality thinking of philosophy, all these ideas become the basis of western philosophers’ cultural thoughts.All these had potential effects on the development of western culture and westerners’ characters.Receiving the influence of respective cultural tradition, the Chinese and western dietary culture has had different characteristic.The differences in concepts, targets, patterns, attribution and nature had reflected the different dietary culture in the different state characteristic;such characteristic has enriched the research value of dietary culture.Studying these cultural differences, we can find out a joint enhancing the communication between China and the west through a comprehensive study of the subject.It may be a great help to the communication of the Chinese and western cultures.I.Differences in Concepts First, the Chinese and western diet have the differences that cannot be ignored in concepts.Nobody will deny that the Western diet is a rational concept, regardless of the color of food, incense, flavor and shape, but nutrition must be assured.It cares about the intake of calories, vitamins, protein and so on during a day.Comparing with the Chinese diet, western diet tastes stereotyped, as simple as chewing the candle, but the sense tells them: We must eat them all because of the nutrition.And then they put it bluntly, just like refueling machine.The concept of western diet is compatible with the whole western philosophy.Metaphysics is the main feature of western philosophy.Such kind of philosophy brings vitality to western culture, so the natural sciences, psychology and methodology achieve a rapid development.In some other aspects, such philosophy proposition is a significantly obstacle, such as the dietary culture, which is the inevitable thing to drop behind, and just the metaphysics of methodology marks everywhere.In celebration, it stresses tableware, stresses the staple, stresses the servings, and stresses the color and shape mix of raw materials.But no matter how luxurious the grade is;from Los Angeles to New York, only one taste of steak, it is no art to speak of.And as dishes, the chicken is chicken;steak is steak, even in groups, which are also conducted in a shallow dish.In a dish of “French Muttonchops”, one side is potato mud, and muttonchops sits next to it, another side is allocation of cooking beans, and plus a few tablets of tomato.Color is on clear, but the tastes of the various materials are separated, not to reconcile, and the entire flavor is also simple and clear.Chinese diet is a sense of beauty diet.When people sample dishes, they often say this dish is “delicious”, and that dish is “not delicious”.But if you ask what is meant by “delicious”, why “tasty” and what are the aspects of “delicious”, I am afraid that it will be difficult to answer.This shows that which Chinese people hanker on a diet is just the “mood” that is difficult for one to say anything.Even using the “color, flavor, shape and implement ”which people often said to make the“ realm ”reification, I am afraid it is still difficult to crown all.The beauty pursuit of Chinese cuisine is clearly overriding the rational pursuit.This concept of diet is also coinciding with the traditional Chinese philosophy.Chinese philosophy as a representative of oriental philosophy, its distinguishing features is the macro, visual, vague and evasive.Chinese cooking method is to reconcile, and the ultimate goal is to reconcile out of a beautiful taste.The main stress is measure and the overall co1q-ordination.It contains a wealth of dialectics of Chinese philosophy, and all these depend on the degree of the wonderful flavor and harmony of dish.The ever-changing within degrees decides the changeable of Chinese food, and it also decides the characteristics of Chinese food as well as the characteristics on each of the chefs.II.Differences in targets All diet cannot be done without vegetables.The word “dish” is for the sound in China, and it always has something to do with the plants.According to a survey of western plants scholar, there are 600 varieties of vegetables, six times more than in the west.In fact, the Chinese dishes, vegetable dish is usual food.Meat dish entered the normal diet only on holidays or higher living standards, so since ancient times, and there was a saying of “fresh vegetables”.Chu ? Mandarin language: “Common people eat fresh vegetables, fish only offered in the worship.” It is said that fresh vegetables are mainly to the civilian in general, only being able to eat meat only in worship.Vegetarian diet takes the dominant position in the normal structure.Chinese people consider the vegetables as the main dish;it has inextricably linked with the advocacy of Buddhists.They deem animals as “people” and plants have “no soul.” So, they advocate vegetarianism.Westerners do not seem to have such a good habit.They uphold a cultural origin of nomadic, seafaring nation.Living mainly by fishing and hunting, collection and planting are just the complement.There are more meat dishes in their lives.Feeding, clothing, and using are taken from the animals, and even Western medicine is derived from animals.When the westerners introduce the diet characteristics of their countries, they always feel that their diet is more reasonable on the mix of nutrition than China.food industry is more developed, such as cans, fast food, although the taste is monotonous, but it saves time, and it also has good nutrition.Therefore, in their countries: people are generally healthier and taller than Chinese, and the people have strong shoulders and developed muscles;but Chinese people look short, their shoulders narrow and legs thin, their skin yellow and their body weak.The differences between Chinese and western food for Westerners to judge the merits of the two diet is not justified.Mr.Sun Yat-sen had profound study of the culture of food and incisive exposition.In his composing The Scheme for National Reconstruction, detailing the differences between Chinese and Western diet phenomenon, he concludes: “Chinese ordinary people drink green tea, and eat simple food such as vegetables and tofu for meal.Such kinds of food are the most healthy and beneficial according to the research of hygienist.Therefore, the remote people in china, whose diet are far from meat and wine, always live a long life.Also China has a big population, and Chinese people have enormous power to resist disease, but they never try the non-diet.“He added:” The Chinese vegetarians all eat tofu.Tofu is expected as the real meat in plants, as it has the nutrition that meat has.It is the meat without toxic materials.So the Chinese are vegetarian used to be a custom without the promotion of scholars.It is also a custom that the European and American drink thick Wine, eat meat and fish.So there was science promotion before and a severe law later, such as the United States Prohibition.And the transfer will not carry out in a short time.“Mr.Sun’s words tell out the scientific benefits of Chinese diet and disadvantages of Western diet.According to the characteristics of the significant differences between Chinese and Western diet targets, the Chinese character is called the plant character, while the Westerners’ is animal character.In response to the cultural behaviors, Westerners love adventure, exploration, conflict;but the Chinese people only like to live banally.According to American expert on folklore Ruth’s opinions on the ”cultural pattern“ theory, Chinese culture is quite similar to the classical world Apollo-type character and Westerners’ is similar to the modern world Faust-type.Indeed, the Westerners such as Americans in the development of the west, they put the whole family on the truck, and go out of the city in amid rumbling with the supplies.The Chinese people are always thinking about ”home“ and ”roots“, despite the promotion that young people should take the world as home.But after a few decades, the overseas Chinese will come back to the mainland with crutch to seek their roots.This concept of return and such human spirit that can only be said to cooperate with the accumulation in the diet.Then it brings cohesiveness to the Chinese nation and then makes the human folk full of energy.III.Differences in Dietary Patterns The Chinese and Western dietary patterns can be very different, and these differences affect the national character.In China, a celebration, no matter what, there will be only one form, as sitting together, sharing one feast.Banquet uses round table, which has created a unity of form, which is courtesy, comity atmosphere.Cate are in the center of the table.It is the objects for people to appreciate and taste, and it is also an intermediate of communication.People toast each other and share the vegetables, which reflect the mutual respect between people in the face of the good things, also show the virtues of comity.Although from the health point of view, this approach has obvious deficiencies, but it is in our national ”happy“ mentality, it reflects the classical Chinese philosophy area of ”and“ impact for future generations.It is helpful to facilitate the collective emotional exchanges and consequently difficult to reform.The western-style banquets, although the food and wine are very important, but in fact they are just foil.The core of Banquet is friendship, by the conversation with the guests who sitting next to achieve the purpose of recreation.If making an analogous compare between the recreation of the banquets and dancing, it may be said that the Chinese banquet is like group dance, and the western banquet is like men and women dancing.This shows that communication purpose of Chinese banquet and western banquet are very obvious.Only the Chinese banquet is more popular in the communion, but western banquet shows guests reflected in the friendship between neighbors.The more obvious differences between Chinese and western dietary patterns is buffet dinner which is popular in the West.This method is to display all food, and everybody is picking not fixed in his or her places to eat.They walk freely.This approach would provide the emotional interaction between individuals;they never need to put every word on the table.This also shows a western personality and self-respect.However, all the eating without jamming lacks the real affective tone like the Chinese people.Some people want to put the buffet in the Chinese food, but I think it is not feasible.Zhang Qijun in the Principles of Cooking tells us the main reason: ”First, buffet is not like drinking tea.Drinking tea is just the thing to you before you choose, and displayed in the cafeteria there is a large number of food to eat, so when you want to have it, it is cold yet.Chinese cuisine will serve hot, if cold, nothing to eat.Secondly, buffet dishes only can do hard dishes and beneficial dishes.Then you can access for large plots.And those most representative of the Chinese culinary arts, such as the tender and lighter dishes, are not in this show.Third, the buffet can do stewing pot;it means a big pot in terms of food.Any sophisticated cooking of a dish can only be cooked in a pot at two most, and it is not able to cook the dish for dozens of people.So it will not be delicious, never talking of the taste.Under such circumstances, it is clear that the use of buffet dinner will deny Chinese culinary arts.“The Chinese people are drinking around the table to show harmony and unity, but the buffet has broken such pattern.It raises the personal independence and self-mentioned at the first place.This is the opposite of the scale of the great unity of all Chinese traditional culture.IV.Differences in Diet Attribution There are differences between Chinese and western diet attribution.Western diet tends to be scientific and rational, but the Chinese diet tends to be art and sentimental.During the underdevelopment era of diet, these two trends have only one aim – to live and never be hungry.And when the dietary culture is full developed, the tendency is shown in this different purpose: the former is in the development of nutrition, the latter is expressed as the stress on the flavor Cooking is from diet;the origin of food is a life-sustaining nutrition.Therefore, the focus of western diet is only the extension of the original diet practicality.The emphasis on the flavor of Chinese cuisine caters the diet to the arts field.Mencius said: ”Flavor in the mouth has the same interests“.”Interests“ points out the key from nutrition to arts.Such interests are from the meaning of flavor.In China, eating is not meant to have enough.It is about nutrition.Sometimes we eat though we are full.We are overloaded with food.Why? Saying bluntly, it is to appreciate the art of cooking;and not saying it nicely, it is the temptation of ”delicious“ for the enjoyment of taste.Watching the rational diet in the west, it is not only waste, but also harmful to the men body.In fact, the herbalist doctors are also opposed to overeat, claiming ”dietary restraint“.But the dialectics tell us Chinese people, occasionally the ”overload“ and once we are comfortable, we can absorb and store.Qigong masters at the situation of non-eat and non-drink at home is still in good spirits, although their weight loses, but it is intact on the human.doctor also advocates winter nutrition.It is also in order to store for keeping energy in the coming year.Chinese people's views are more dialectical than the western diet propositions opposing overloaded stubbornly.It is closer to the science truth, and has been checked up for thousands of Chinese medicine practice.Psychologists Spinoza said: ”The desire is human nature than other.” The human desire for delicious is the nature of human beings which is fully reflected.In process of the taste enjoyment, it is imbued with the shares of élan vital.Life should not be a yoke, but also not be a repressed desire.We can not use the absolute reason to regulate the behavior of all people.On the diet, it is not the purpose of “science” and “nutrition” and some delicious are excluded from the table outside.Only delicious things can satisfy people's appetite and then give the arrival of physical and mental pleasure.Chinese diet shows the transformation about sentimental form to rational form from the old days till now, and cause the Chinese dietary culture brimming with imagination and creativity.The sensibility of Chinese culinary culture is a sublime sensibility, infiltrating rational sense, also the realization of the nature of life.In addition, gustatory enjoyment is one of the main objectives pursued of the human struggle.The art of Chinese cuisine is compatible with the development of human history in the process, more scientific than the progress of the western diet.As Zhang Qijun in his work Cooking Principles said: “The United States is unprecedented least affluent society, but till today, in essence it is still 'food to eat' stage.There are still some distances from entering the realm of art.” In China, The role of diet goes beyond the subsistence of existence, which is designed not only to have the physical presence, but also to meet people's spiritual needs for pleasure.It is positive to enrich people's life performance, and fine arts, music, literature, etc.which have the same level of significance to the improvement of life.Chinese diet tends to artistry, the so-called art realm, in fact, that is a complete leap from the necessity to freedom.It is characterized by randomness.For example, similar dishes, because of the differences in area, season, target, function and grade, it has different treatments on operation.Set braised fish for example, in winter deep colors are advised and tastes are advised strongly, but in summer it should be light color and flavor.And for the people in Zhejiang province, their dishes can be put up more sugar in the braised fish, and if facing Chuanxiang customers it should allocate spicy.It easy to see that if out of the arbitrary, there would be no cooking variety;we will lose the unique charm of Chinese cuisine.Whereas in the west, dishes in different areas and different seasons and facing different customers, is the same flavor, no changes.Although it is the most valuable banquet, which is just tableware known, conducted layout, and the vegetables remain the same as before.Moreover, as for materials, westerners think the food is to eat, eating special “hard vegetables” such as large piece of meat, chicken block.China's cuisine is “taste”.The Chinese cooking in materials has shown tremendous arbitrariness: The things which many, many westerners consider as disposable things in China are excellent raw materials.Foreign cooks are not able to deal with things, but in the hands of a Chinese chef, it can get a magic result.Chinese cuisine is evident in the wide use of materials.Besides skills, an excellent cook, of course, can do more complicated dishes.But facing the real simple materials and condiments, the cooks are often able to produce delicious flavors.It is the arbitrariness of skills.In the surface, the menu seems to be scientific.Westerners always use menu to buy ingredients to produce dishes, but in comparison, it is the machinery, and often powerless facing the complex specific situation.Of course, this mechanical science is still can be said as science, but it is primitive science, and it is not the complete science.Chinese cooking talks about artistry, but it still fit the requirements among the ever-changing, it can be said such science is a real science.The characters of western food which lacks nutrition and artistic atmosphere have great distinction from the artistic realm of Chinese cuisine.V.Differences in the Nature Differences in the nature of the Chinese and western diet are inosculated with the respective lifestyle and the pace of life.In the west, people do the duplication of pipeline operations, and implement piece-wage system, so the paces of their lives are so fast.People fall under the mechanical method either intentionally or unintentionally, and believe that “Work is work, and game is game.” Mechanical lives led to oneness of diet or a single blind about diet, and eat beefsteak and potatoes every day.Monotonous diet is the same as work, for which the purposes is to fulfill the “incident”, naturally with no interests, and all these have no word in terms of taste.But China is not, “The game is work, and the work is of a game”.Such life manner is also emerged in diet.A baker sells bread in the street, he likes using the rolling pole to beat the chopping board rhythmically when they knead flour.When the cooks fry a dish, even beating scoop, they also care the sense of rhythm during cooking.These would not work for any conveniences, but it increases the interests of workers.Only in such an atmosphere work will be meaningful, and it will have more creativity and artistry of Chinese cuisine.There still exist various differences between Chinese and western dietary cultures.But with the development of cultural communication between China and the west, along with the strengthening of communication between China and the west, China has imported various kinds of western food, known as the ”KFC“ ”DICOS“, ”McDonald“.This marks a new western dietary culture exchanges and infiltration.We believe that with the development of society, the cultural differences between Chinese and western dietary will no longer be the difference.Conclusion By the text from this thesis, we can easily find that there still exist various differences between Chinese and western dietary cultures.But with the development of cultural communication between China and the west, along with the strengthening of communication between China and the west, China has imported various kinds of western food, known as the ”KFC“ ”DICOS“, ”McDonald".These mark a new western food culture exchanges and infiltration.The impact brought about by economic globalization is stronger and deeper than the internationalization.Economic globalization is a double-edged sword, on one hand, it brings the vitality of economic growth, and on the other hand, the dominant culture is put into other countries through strong economic and infiltrated every corner of the globe.Therefore, the cultural communication focus on how to assimilate advantages of the other countries’ culture, abandon its shortcoming, and learn how to transform and make it localized, all countries need to study the issue.So in the face of the dietary cultural exchange problems between China and the West, we should find each other's advantages and draw the mutual advantages, as China can learn from the point that western diet stresses nutrition match, and make the Chinese cuisine more outstanding.China is the country of a long history with an ancient culture, and enriching in cultural traditions.She feeds the 1.3 billion Chinese people, and Chinese culture is very inclusive;in the course of development it absorbs a lot of different cultures.Moreover, now China does more efforts to draw all the outstanding achievements in the World.China's reform and opening up policy create the conditions on international relations and cultural exchanges.We need to use such an opportunity to absorb the excellent cultures from other countries, to develop and create China's new culture.This work can make the world to know China better and let China go to the world.Acknowledgements I am deeply grateful to assistant professor, Guo Jun, my tutor, to whom I owe a great deal of gratitude and appreciation.Mr.Guo gave me many invaluable instructions and helped me much in every stage of my thesis writing.And I also greatly appreciate the help coming from my respectable teachers, Professor Deng Xingyi, assistant professor, Liao Hong, Zhang Chun and Sun Peng.Moreover, my numerous thanks go to my dear friends and my lovely roommates, Wu chengying, Zou Yan and Hu Ping, who spend much time with me on my thesis.And I also want to thank my dear parents;they give me the best love and supporting for my study.Finally, I would like to offer my sincere gratitude to those who spend their precious time in reading this thesis.Bibliography [1] 安靜.解讀美國[M].北京:中國旅游出版社,2007.[2] 陳潔.得心應(yīng)手---西餐禮儀[M].北京:世界知識(shí)出版社, 2005.[3] 金炳鎬.民族理論通論[M].北京:中央民族大學(xué)出版社,1994.[4] 劉枋.吃的藝術(shù)[M].山東:山東畫報(bào)出版社,2003.[5] 劉玫君,陳加真.出國點(diǎn)菜不求人---別人不會(huì)告訴你的旅行智慧[M].北京:中國旅游出版社,2005.[6] 馬文.哈里斯(美).好吃:食物與文化之迷[M].山東:山東畫報(bào)出版社,2001.[7] 蘇珊.羅德里格.亨特.巴黎:一席浮動(dòng)的豪宴[M].北京:生活.讀書.新知三聯(lián)書店,2004.[8] 唐魯孫.天下味[M].桂林:廣西師范大學(xué)出版社,2004.[9] 王曉昕,李學(xué)友.傳統(tǒng)文化與道德建設(shè)[M].貴陽:貴州民族出版社,2004.[10] 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第三篇:中西餐桌禮儀中的文化差異
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《呼嘯山莊》和《暮色》系列的對(duì)比研究:《呼嘯山莊》再次熱銷引發(fā)的思考 78 從春節(jié)與圣誕節(jié)習(xí)俗看中西方文化差異 79 漢英禮貌原則對(duì)比淺析
至美的追求—美學(xué)視角下泰戈?duì)柕摹都村壤?81 淺談西方情人節(jié)及其對(duì)中國文化的影響 82 中西方節(jié)日文化差異研究
目的論指導(dǎo)下《頁巖》英譯漢中的詞類轉(zhuǎn)譯現(xiàn)象 84 中西方婚禮禮服顏色的對(duì)比研究 85 商標(biāo)的特征及其翻譯的分析 86 試析英語廣告中雙關(guān)語的翻譯 87 華茲華斯自然觀淺析
Racism in Heart of Darkness 89 英語漢源借詞研究
從電視劇《絕望主婦》看委婉語的交際功能
Domestication and Foreignization in Idioms Translation 92 A Comparison of the English Color Terms 93 析喬治艾略特在《織工馬南》中的語言特色 94 《寵兒》的非線性敘事模式 95 從弗洛伊德解讀《好人難尋》 96 非語言交際中體語的文化分析
一首平凡女性成長的贊歌—用“成長小說”理論來解讀《簡愛》 98 論《兔子歸來》中黑人民權(quán)意識(shí)的覺醒 99 英語中法語借詞芻議
《收藏家》中空間與人物心理關(guān)系的解讀 101 從合作原則淺析《飛屋環(huán)游記》中的言語幽默 102 幻滅的美國夢:《夜色溫柔》的象征意義解讀 103 論商標(biāo)翻譯的原則及策略
從華裔女性文學(xué)看東西方女性主義的發(fā)展與融合—— 以華裔女作家林湄及其作品《天望》為例
漢語茶文化特色詞的英譯研究——以《茶經(jīng)》和《續(xù)茶經(jīng)》為例 106 《了不起的蓋茨比》中的象征手法 107 論《進(jìn)入黑夜的漫長旅程》的悲劇成因 108 關(guān)聯(lián)理論視角下的英語新聞標(biāo)題研究
An Analysis of Angel's Ambivalent Personality In Tess of the D'Urbervilles 110 中西方文化面子觀差異分析 111 漢英交替?zhèn)髯g中的語篇銜接分析 112 從交際方式的角度比較中美課堂差異 113 淺析羅斯福就職演說中的美國精神 114 跨文化背景下廣告漢英翻譯策略研究
男女二元等級(jí)對(duì)立的顛覆--《奧蘭多》之女性主義解讀 116 被忽視的主人公——析《簡愛》中的瘋女人 117 淺談?dòng)⒄Z影片名的翻譯
極致現(xiàn)實(shí)主義與現(xiàn)代自然主義──分析杰克倫敦小說《野性的呼喚》 119 中餐菜名的英譯與飲食文化傳播
A Study of Maggie’s Tragedy in The Mill on the Floss
許淵沖的“三美”原則在國外化妝品品牌名漢譯中的應(yīng)用 122 從精神分析法角度分析《麥田里的守望者》中霍爾頓的成長 123 從《簡?愛》與《藻海無邊》看女性話語權(quán)的缺失 124 勃朗特兩姐妹創(chuàng)作風(fēng)格差異探究 125 英語動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)的認(rèn)知及隱喻概念研究 126 面部表情和目視行為的跨文化研究
父權(quán)制社會(huì)的傀儡—從安吉爾看父權(quán)主義思想 128 世紀(jì)美國男權(quán)社會(huì)下女性的成長——解讀《覺醒》中埃德娜的覺醒過程和原因 129 忠實(shí)與變通策略在科技翻譯中的運(yùn)用
淺析《戀愛中的女人》的圣經(jīng)意象原型——從原型批評(píng)角度解讀 131 美國影視劇中的俚語翻譯 132 薩拉的性格魅力
論文化對(duì)國際市場營銷的重要性--以迪斯尼樂園為例 134 從中美非語言差異看國際商務(wù)談判的影響及其對(duì)策
從認(rèn)知語境的角度解讀《一個(gè)干凈明亮的地方》的隱含意義 136 The Growth of Humphrey Weyden in The Sea Wolf 137 中式英語特點(diǎn)及發(fā)展趨勢
母語正遷移在初中英語教學(xué)中的研究與應(yīng)用 139 Consumerism in The Great Gatsby 140 論《格列佛游記》的社會(huì)意義
Application of Foregrounding Theory to Translation of Simile and Metaphor 142 現(xiàn)代敘事藝術(shù)與海明威的《永別了武器》
Difference between Chinese Buddhism and American Christianity 144 淺談中學(xué)英語教學(xué)中的情感教學(xué)方法
On the Translation of Tourism Advertisements 146 影響大學(xué)生英語自主學(xué)習(xí)的因素研究
從原型批評(píng)角度淺析《小伙子古德曼?布朗》 148 網(wǎng)絡(luò)環(huán)境下英語自主學(xué)習(xí)模式的調(diào)查
跨文化視角下研究英漢民俗詞語的不等值翻譯 150 兒童本位主義在兒童文學(xué)翻譯中的應(yīng)用—《哈克貝利費(fèi)恩歷險(xiǎn)記》兩種譯本的對(duì)比分析 151 從目的論角度分析商業(yè)電視廣告中雙關(guān)語的翻譯 152 抱怨類外貿(mào)信函的語篇分析
153 An Analysis of English Euphemisms Used in Literary Works 154 從體育舞蹈看中西方社會(huì)的審美文化差異 155 英漢白色詞的文化象征意義及翻譯 156 從文化角度論動(dòng)物詞匯的比喻與翻譯 157 從跨文化交際層面談口譯譯者能力的提高 158 中西餐桌禮儀文化差異 159 旅游宣傳品的翻譯
160 A Cultural Approach to the Translation of Movie Titles 161 中西方思維方式對(duì)比研究及其在廣告中的體現(xiàn) 162 目的論視角下新聞標(biāo)題漢譯英研究
163 A Study on Chinglish of EFL Learners in Junior High Schools in China 164 從美國婦女社會(huì)地位的提升看英語歧視性詞匯的變化 165 跨文化交際中的文化心理準(zhǔn)備分析 166 《理智與情感》的現(xiàn)實(shí)主義特征 167 論英文電影片名翻譯方法的應(yīng)用 168 從功能對(duì)等理論談漢語成語的英譯
169 圣經(jīng)對(duì)J.K.羅琳創(chuàng)作《哈利?波特》的影響——對(duì)《哈利?波特與鳳凰社》的寫作手法及其宗主題的研究
170 從《瓦爾登湖》看“天人合一”與梭羅超驗(yàn)思想 171 On Children’s Psychological Needs from Harry Potter 172 關(guān)于數(shù)字在英語商務(wù)合同中的應(yīng)用的討論 173 基于語義場理論的英語詞匯習(xí)得研究
174 析《麥田里的守望者》霍爾頓?考爾菲德的性格特征 175 國際商務(wù)談判中模糊語言應(yīng)用的語用分析 176 淺談高中英語練習(xí)課教學(xué)
177 中外經(jīng)典英文廣告的語言特征淺析 178 無盡的欲望致使毀滅
179 D.H.勞倫斯《東西》中象征主義的運(yùn)用 180 性格和命運(yùn)--《小婦人》中四姐妹分析
181 莊子和梭羅自然觀比較——以《莊子》與《瓦爾登湖》為例 182 初中英語教學(xué)中的角色扮演
183 中國英語與中式英語的對(duì)比研究——從英漢民族思維差異的角度 184 英漢禁忌語的文化差異
185 On the Character of Scarlett O’Hara and the Transition of American Society 186 淺析當(dāng)今網(wǎng)絡(luò)英語交流中的縮略語
187 The Problems in English and Chinese Trademark Translation and Relevant Countermeasures 188 論“看,易,寫”方法在旅游翻譯中的應(yīng)用 189 A Comparison of the English Color Terms 190 中西餐桌禮儀中的文化差異
191 硬漢形象-淺析厄內(nèi)斯特海明威《殺人者》
192 從四個(gè)主要人物的敘述結(jié)構(gòu)來分析《蠅王》的主題意義 193 The Sociolinguistic Interpretation of Euphemism 194 華盛頓?歐文與陶淵明逃遁思想對(duì)比研究
195 The Study of the Positive Effects of Native Language on Junior School English Teaching 196 不同國家的商務(wù)談判風(fēng)格及其對(duì)策 197 淺談自有品牌在中國零售企業(yè)的發(fā)展 198 中英愛情隱喻的對(duì)比研究
199 論《外婆的家什》中的象征意義 200 論中西飲食文化差異
第四篇:中西文化差異在廣告中的體現(xiàn)
中西文化差異在廣告中的體現(xiàn)
摘 要:隨著中國市場的發(fā)展,各國文化都在進(jìn)行著前所未有的交流,現(xiàn)代廣告是社會(huì)的新生代文化形態(tài),而且廣告不僅僅是緊急發(fā)展的產(chǎn)物,也是與文化差異息息相關(guān)的,所以廣告人在這個(gè)機(jī)遇與挑戰(zhàn)并存的時(shí)代,更應(yīng)該未雨綢繆,“知己知彼百戰(zhàn)不殆”。本文著力探討中西廣告差異在廣告中的體現(xiàn),希望那能夠?yàn)槲覈膹V告文化把脈,在中西文化的差異中發(fā)現(xiàn)我國廣告文化的弱點(diǎn)和對(duì)方的文化精髓,正如俗語云“取其精華,去其糟粕”,使之為我國廣告文化做出正確的導(dǎo)向和突出的貢獻(xiàn)。使得我國的廣告文化屹立與世界之巔。
關(guān)鍵字:文化;差異;廣告
一、中西方文化差異
中國經(jīng)歷過上下五千年的歷史后,對(duì)國人影響最深遠(yuǎn)的莫過于文化,而中 國的文化一直都存在著“百家爭鳴”的現(xiàn)象,不同的時(shí)代造就不同的思想,思想也就決定著某個(gè)時(shí)代的意識(shí)形態(tài)以及文化形式。中國具有深厚的文化底蘊(yùn),自古至今占據(jù)人們最深的便是儒家思想了。眾所周知,儒家思想一直秉承著“仁”、“義”、“禮”、“智”、“信”的思想來指導(dǎo)每個(gè)人的行為,為人處世上也體現(xiàn)了中國人的價(jià)值觀。到后來的馬克思主義和毛澤東思想也一直貫徹著舍小家,為大家、少數(shù)服從多數(shù)的思想,這種思想將群眾利益高于個(gè)人利益坦露無遺,進(jìn)而有了現(xiàn)在人的文化思想。
西方文化也可以追溯到幾次的文化運(yùn)動(dòng),在文化運(yùn)動(dòng)中而以文藝復(fù)興為大家所熟悉。其中他們大多在強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)人。與中國不同的是西方文化大力推崇以個(gè)人主義為上,個(gè)人利益高于群體利益。這也造成了之后與中國大為不同的文化發(fā)展和帶來經(jīng)濟(jì)上的深遠(yuǎn)影響。
正因如此,中西兩種文化是截然不同的,不管是在文化底蘊(yùn),還是后來的個(gè)人價(jià)值和群體價(jià)值的觀念上。中國強(qiáng)調(diào)委婉保守,與西方的開放進(jìn)取形成了鮮明的對(duì)比。
1.1 思維方法不同
思維方式是人類文化的重要組成部分,也是人類文化的凝聚,在文化的流傳中扮演著設(shè)計(jì)者和承擔(dān)者的角色??偠灾季S方式是更深層次的文化本質(zhì),是現(xiàn)象背后的不易挖掘的重要因素。
思維方式滲透在各個(gè)領(lǐng)域,也許你看不見,摸不著,但是 你觀察和處理的一切問題,都反映 出你的思維方式。比如一個(gè)美國人給日本人寫信,日本人看到信,準(zhǔn) 馬上就上火。因?yàn)槊绹碎_門見 山,將自己的要求放在最前面,后 面才講些客套話。日本為了保持心 理平衡,看美國人的來信往往先看后面。而美國人看日本人的信,越看越糊涂,到信的末尾有幾句才是對(duì)方真正要談的問題,前面都是寒喧。美國人讀日本人的信也是倒過來看。這種不同的寫法反映不同的思維方式。我們國內(nèi)的宴請(qǐng),主人在宴會(huì)開始前就開始致詞,而國外的祝酒詞是在主菜以后甜食以前。有人問 為什么要放在后面呢?講完再吃飯不是更好嗎?不然老想到等會(huì)還要講話,心里不安,吃得不消化。這里.也有思維方式的問題。.一個(gè)民族的思維方式有相對(duì)的穩(wěn)定性。不是說幾年,或者一代、兩代人就可改變的,所謂本性難移。
中國佛教的禪宗是以“不立文字,教外別傳,直指人心,見性成佛”而成名并為大家所接受的,其精華的地方便是“頓悟成佛”,由此可見中國的文化偏向直覺,換言之就是心理的活動(dòng),只要我心向善,便可成佛。這也在中國幾千年的傳統(tǒng)文化中占有很重要的地位。
愛因斯坦在總結(jié)西方文化成就時(shí)曾說:西方科學(xué)成就應(yīng)歸功于兩大因素,即亞里士多德創(chuàng)立的形式邏輯合近代興起的科學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)活動(dòng)。邏輯學(xué)在西方文化中是一支耀眼的奇葩,邏輯思維則是西方文化中占統(tǒng)治地位的思維方式,他是其本位觀念之一。
中西這兩種不同的思維方式在諸多廣告種均有見證,留給我印象最深的是中西兩則不同的電信形象廣告。為了傳達(dá)“電信溝通,心意互通”這個(gè)理念,中國電信廣告不惜用五個(gè)不同的生活片斷:溝通就是關(guān)懷(父與子篇),溝通就是愛(礦工相親篇),溝通就是分擔(dān)(夫妻吵架篇),溝通就是理解(父與子篇),溝通就是尊敬(老師與學(xué)生篇),很直接、明白地告訴消費(fèi)者,電信拉近人與人之間的距離,方便了人與人之間的溝通,電信可以使人達(dá)到心意互通,你我之間沒有距離、沒有芥蒂,只有真情真意流動(dòng)。中國電信的這則廣告片可謂濃墨潑彩,運(yùn)用多個(gè)生活場景,耗時(shí)之長,如此不惜筆墨,不惜成本,其目的只有一個(gè):直接、清晰地把廣告理念傳達(dá)給受眾。從這則廣告中,我們不難看出其創(chuàng)意的思維方式就是直覺思維,既符合中國傳統(tǒng)文化的思維方式,也符合中國受眾的文化習(xí)慣,在“傳情達(dá)意”的同時(shí)也收到了良好的廣告效果。
而同樣是電信廣告,美國的一則廣告則只巧妙地采用了一個(gè)生活細(xì)節(jié):打哈欠。一名男子走在街上不經(jīng)意地打了一個(gè)哈欠,不遠(yuǎn)處一名女子跟著打了一個(gè)哈欠,接著一個(gè)老人也受感染似的打了一個(gè)哈欠,更為有趣的是連老人手中牽著的寵物狗也不例外的打了一個(gè)哈欠,剛看到這組畫面時(shí)我一時(shí)還沒反應(yīng)出廣告到底要訴求什么,而文案一語道破天機(jī):“communicating is very simple”(溝通其實(shí)很簡單),在為此廣告拍案叫絕的同時(shí)我不得不佩服西方人的邏輯思維能力,打哈欠本是人的一種平常的生理現(xiàn)象,通過西方廣告人的邏輯思維加工,由個(gè)別引出一般,一個(gè)人打哈欠會(huì)感染周圍的許多人,甚至連動(dòng)物也不會(huì)幸免。溝通就像打哈欠這么簡單,只要你愿意,你可以隨時(shí)隨地與他人溝通。
1.2 心理結(jié)構(gòu)不同
中國國民穩(wěn)固的心理結(jié)構(gòu),以“仁”、“務(wù)實(shí)”、“忍耐”為基本內(nèi)容,形成了中國人特有的心理文化。具體有以下的幾點(diǎn)不同體現(xiàn):
1.2.1大統(tǒng)一觀念 :重權(quán)威,輕事實(shí)
在中國的近些年來的廣告中,大多都是某某專家和某某名人所代言的,其實(shí),大家也許并沒有看到多少的效果,就只是沖著某一位專家去的,因?yàn)樵谥袊鴩竦男哪恐袑<沂亲罹哂袡?quán)威性的。而真正關(guān)心事實(shí)的廣告可謂是鳳毛麟角。
1.2.2 從眾心理:重群體,輕個(gè)體
同樣如此,因?yàn)橐恢倍急还喔戎鄶?shù)服從少數(shù)的心理,所以群體的力量便在中國的這種大環(huán)境之下扮演著很重要的地位了。也正如此,即使事實(shí)不是那個(gè)樣子,可在大家伙看來,個(gè)體的的說服力的確很差。
1.2.3小農(nóng)意識(shí):重實(shí)惠,輕意念
在中國這樣的農(nóng)業(yè)大國中,小農(nóng)意識(shí)的確占有這很大一部分。大家甚至不會(huì)考慮某種東西的實(shí)用性,甚至只是看到在降價(jià)或者有某種對(duì)自己無益的優(yōu)惠,而讓自己的口袋“減肥”。這種意識(shí)也給中國的一些廣告商制造的很多銷售的機(jī)會(huì)。
1.2.4人情至上:重道德,輕效果
其實(shí)在好久以前,在那個(gè)孔子的時(shí)代開始,中國人就很重視道德的發(fā)揚(yáng),但是現(xiàn)在廣告盛行的時(shí)代,有一些廣告商可能并不考慮多數(shù)消費(fèi)者的權(quán)益,而只是根據(jù)自己的利益來夸大產(chǎn)品的效果。而許多的消費(fèi)者就因?yàn)閺V告中的煽情情節(jié)而花了冤枉錢。
1.3 地域環(huán)境和人文環(huán)境不同
中國是聞名世界的四大古國之一。既是“古國”,則國家的文化底蘊(yùn)的深度和其他非傳統(tǒng)古國的文化可能會(huì)大相徑庭。中國流傳了幾千年的文化根基莫過于親人之間的感情、愛人之間的感情和朋友之間的感情,所以廣告商也會(huì)把握時(shí)代的脈搏,在這幾方面做功夫。甚至連一瓶普通的飲料也會(huì)冠其名為“家庭團(tuán)聚”的象征,抑或在家庭團(tuán)聚的時(shí)候必飲的飲品。而西方的文化的確不如中國這樣歷史悠久,所以在一些價(jià)值觀甚至在世界觀方面也是不同的。西方更偏向與自由和追求刺激。比如,萬寶路香煙的廣告就非常經(jīng)典,就是美國的那種追求自我的精神。
所以綜上所述,中國的廣告就像是中國的女性一樣,有著賢惠,內(nèi)斂,婉約甚至有些害羞的性格。與之相反,西方的廣告和西方的女性也一樣,有著外向的性格、敢于追求自我。但是不論每一個(gè)國家,每一種文化都有其存在的價(jià)值和其合理性,當(dāng)然也存在某些方面的不足。
因此,“取其精華,去其糟粕”的現(xiàn)象將是中西方廣告界的一種新的并將一直延續(xù)下去的趨勢,只有這樣才能更好的發(fā)展。同“君子和而不同”一樣,中西方廣告會(huì)展現(xiàn)一種更和諧的現(xiàn)象。
二、中西文化差異在廣告中的體現(xiàn)
中國文化是歷經(jīng)了幾千年的積淀下來的,而“和”字則是這么博大精深文化的最底層,最本質(zhì)的東西。每一個(gè)中國人都希冀自己擁有和平的世界,擁有和諧的家庭,擁有和睦的鄰里,擁有和美的婚姻。所以中國的文化歸根結(jié)蒂還是歸于“和”,而中國人對(duì)家庭情感上的東西也很執(zhí)著。
前面也有提到,西方文化是無法和中國源遠(yuǎn)流長的文化相媲美的,但是她也有自己獨(dú)特的個(gè)性,就是那種不羈的情感。但是對(duì)于家庭的情感就表現(xiàn)的不如中國人了。西方人的崇尚自由、張揚(yáng)個(gè)性在廣告中也體現(xiàn)的淋漓盡致。
曾經(jīng)在蘇美冷戰(zhàn)時(shí)期,百事可樂為了同可口可樂競爭,大力宣傳自己的“世紀(jì)頌”,同時(shí)也提出了“百事可樂,新一代的選擇”的廣告口號(hào)。很明顯,百事可樂是與可口可樂進(jìn)行競爭的,但在這樣的廣告語中我們也不難看出新一代的選擇明示了與可口可樂競爭,也暗示了新一代應(yīng)該有自己獨(dú)特的選擇,而不是同上代人一樣,繼續(xù)選擇上一代的東西。僅僅是在可樂的選擇上就可以透視西方那種追求新一代自我的個(gè)性。
同樣是一則可樂的廣告,在近期播出的一段可樂廣告中,在中國傳統(tǒng)的春節(jié)即將到來之際,一位喪偶的父親獨(dú)自在一桌宴席上黯然神傷,自己的兒女都在外而回不來一同慶祝新一年的到來,一位朋友古天樂看到這樣的情形,找到其兒女,給了他們每人一瓶這個(gè)牌子的可樂,并用父親曾經(jīng)的口氣說了句“別想一口氣喝完”,就這樣的一句話,兒子的演唱會(huì)便搬到了父親的家門口舉行了,臺(tái)底下父親喝著這個(gè)可樂看著臺(tái)上的兒子,開心的笑著??
中國文化強(qiáng)調(diào)了要重孝道,并一直流傳至今那句“百善孝為先”。所以這樣的廣告更能適應(yīng)中國的市場。因?yàn)檫@樣的廣告更能抓住中國人那種最心底,最真實(shí)的情感,從而從其他方面刺激了消費(fèi)者的購買欲。于是,這個(gè)可樂的廣告效果也就是不言而喻了。
2.1 表達(dá)側(cè)重點(diǎn)不同
中國是一個(gè)歲月積淀下來的農(nóng)業(yè)大國,從母系氏族開始,人們就開始了群居的生活,而且慢慢演變成了以家族為單位了,導(dǎo)致了后來的人際甚至是社會(huì)之間的關(guān)系都家庭化了。所以中國人的這種家庭意識(shí)是超乎其他意識(shí)的,在處理各方面的事情的時(shí)候。華僑對(duì)祖國的企盼,游子對(duì)故鄉(xiāng)的企盼,這種發(fā)乎情的意識(shí)似乎是從娘胎就開始的情結(jié)。而且國內(nèi)的廣告之所以會(huì)成功,也是因?yàn)槠淞私獠⒍脻M足國內(nèi)消費(fèi)者在這種心理上的需要。香港的“榮華月餅”就是一個(gè)典型的案例。
香港的榮華月餅應(yīng)情應(yīng)景在中秋節(jié)銷售,恰如其分的應(yīng)用了中國人民在象征團(tuán)圓的中秋節(jié)。中秋節(jié)是一個(gè)中華民族特有的傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日。月餅就足夠象征了月圓人團(tuán)圓,再加上廣告本身的意境,就使得這種團(tuán)圓的氣氛更加濃了。一個(gè)相聚的日子,卻面臨這離別,而當(dāng)主角拿出這個(gè)“榮華月餅”的時(shí)候,其女兒便決定了不在這樣的日子離開家??有多少的中國孩子在中秋節(jié)不能回家,要在外打工,而在家的父母便整日的期待孩子的歸來,看到這樣的廣告,絕對(duì)有購買“榮華月餅”的欲望,哪怕僅僅是一種希望,希望自己的孩子可以在中秋節(jié)團(tuán)聚。這個(gè)廣告非常巧妙地把家庭與團(tuán)圓,中秋節(jié)融合進(jìn)去了。所以,“榮華月餅”的成功在于善于應(yīng)用“團(tuán)圓”這個(gè)主題和“家”的理念。
除此之外,還有不勝枚舉的成功廣告案例應(yīng)用了“團(tuán)圓”、“家”這樣的理念。像黃金酒的廣告,里面的廣告語“送爸媽,黃金酒”,似乎這樣的寓意就是這種酒就是為了送爸媽而生的,并沒有特意的夸張產(chǎn)品的效果之類的,而是挖掘了一個(gè)消費(fèi)群體—孝順的孩子。給普通的酒冠名為送爸媽的對(duì)象,更加可以博得消費(fèi)者的需求。另外還有許多的飲料廣告也是以“家”、“團(tuán)圓”為主題而進(jìn)行宣傳,很有力的證明了國內(nèi)廣告的表達(dá)側(cè)重點(diǎn)。
與中國文化大為不同的西方文化,其最重要的區(qū)別在于西方強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)人的個(gè)性,追求自我和冒險(xiǎn)精神。張揚(yáng)屬于自己的個(gè)性,像阿迪達(dá)斯的廣告語“Impossible is nothing.(沒有不可能)”似乎與其實(shí)體的鞋子沒有多大的關(guān)系,但是我們已經(jīng)可以感覺到其中的張揚(yáng),時(shí)尚,也足以展示自己的個(gè)性。這個(gè)廣告語不僅代表了運(yùn)動(dòng)的精髓,更凸顯了阿迪的運(yùn)動(dòng)精神和西方的文化。
運(yùn)動(dòng)者,青少年甚至是追求個(gè)性的人是阿迪達(dá)斯的消費(fèi)群。這樣的群體都有一個(gè)共同點(diǎn)就是充滿熱情,尤其是青少年甚至?xí)悬c(diǎn)叛逆,敢于追求,敢于嘗試,所以這樣的廣告語更能適應(yīng)西方的文化,以及西方文化熏陶下的西方人。這也是這個(gè)廣告成功的所在之處。
2.2語義重心不同
從某種程度上說,敬與愛是一對(duì)同義詞,因?yàn)樗鼈冇兄叨鹊南嗤ㄖ帲删瓷鷲?,由愛升華至敬都只是一個(gè)量變與質(zhì)變的問題。但并不是說二者可以等同,敬是自下而上的,而愛則是平等的,不分高低,不分上下。受各自傳統(tǒng)文化的影響,中國的廣告文化偏重尊敬,西土廣告更倚重“愛”的主題。如果追根溯源的話,中國文化崇尚尊敬是因?yàn)樽怨乓詠恚袊彝テ?,親屬眾多,相互之間也容易產(chǎn)生猜忌,所以不得不以禮法維護(hù)秩序,而子輩視父母如嚴(yán)君,夫妻之間則相敬如賓。西方家庭一般都比較小,家人父子之間,沒有太多的禮儀約束,因而其親子夫婦相愛之情,都大大方方地展現(xiàn)出來,不似中國人之含蓄而蘊(yùn)藉。這一點(diǎn)在西方廣告中有明顯體現(xiàn)。
讓我們來看兩則藥品類廣告:
今日洋參保健品電視廣告:畫面上由影星黃日華扮演的兒子因?yàn)殛P(guān)心父親的身體,給他買了整盒的今日洋參,但可能因?yàn)槠綍r(shí)懾于父親的威嚴(yán)而與父親溝通極少,不知道該以怎樣的方式把洋參送給父親,也不知道對(duì)父親說什么好。正當(dāng)兒子小心、緊張地面對(duì)父親緊閉的房門練習(xí)說:“爸爸,我愛你”時(shí),房門突然開了,露出父親驚訝而又迷惑不解的臉孔,兒子終于把洋參遞到父親的面前,大膽地說:“爸爸,我愛你。”父親的眼里閃爍著激動(dòng)的淚花。
Adalat Oros預(yù)防心血管病的藥品廣告:畫面上一個(gè)白發(fā)蒼蒼但是精神矍鑠的老年人和他年輕漂亮的穿著婚紗的新婚妻子站在教堂的前面,臉上露出自信迷人的微笑。廣告語是:“他比他期待的活得要長?!?/p>
這兩則廣告都不失為好廣告,也正好說明東西方不同的文化底蘊(yùn),一個(gè)尚敬,一個(gè)尚愛。今日洋參廣告通過兒子給父親送洋參這一事件,展現(xiàn)了中國家庭中,孩子對(duì)父親首先是敬,然后是愛,廣告片充分利用中國文化中的敬,達(dá)到了洋參不僅僅只是是保健品,而且是父子之間傳遞“愛”的信物的廣告效果。同樣是藥品廣告,Adalat Oros則利用幽默的表現(xiàn)手法,讓一老一少年齡相差懸殊的兩人結(jié)為夫婦,略帶調(diào)侃的廣告語輕松而又直率地傳達(dá)了品牌理念:“愛”使你珍惜健康,珍惜生命!從自信的女士高昂的頭和小老頭狡黠的笑容,我們分明看到愛與生命的較量。
參考文獻(xiàn):
1.《四川黨的建設(shè)城市版》2001年第Z1期 2.《關(guān)于“禪”與禪宗的反思》
第五篇:中西文化差異對(duì)英語俚語翻譯的影響
英語專業(yè)全英原創(chuàng)畢業(yè)論文,是近期寫作,公布的題目可以用于免費(fèi)參考
最新英語專業(yè)全英原創(chuàng)畢業(yè)論文,都是近期寫作
567
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海明威的“冰山原則”與其短篇小說的人物對(duì)話
跨文化交際在寶潔公司營銷戰(zhàn)略中的應(yīng)用
淺析《獻(xiàn)給艾米莉的玫瑰》中漸漸消失的玫瑰
模糊語在國際商務(wù)談判中的語用功能研究
Comparative Studies on Metaphors with Animal Images in Chinese and English
論《傲慢與偏見》中簡奧斯丁的女性意識(shí)
淺析英語擬聲詞的功能
《遠(yuǎn)大前程》中的幽默與諷刺分析 從《魯賓遜漂流記》看性格對(duì)命運(yùn)的影響 從許淵沖“三美論”評(píng)析《聲聲慢》三個(gè)譯本 論環(huán)境和社會(huì)制度對(duì)人的行為和品格的影響——以《霧都孤兒》中南希的形象分析為例 67 英漢“悲”、“喜”情感隱喻的認(rèn)知比較研究
由《麥琪的禮物》看歐亨利寫作特色
小議非語言交際中的身體語言
英語中的性別歧視
儒家文化與和諧世界的構(gòu)建
英漢禁忌語對(duì)比分析
Maternal Love in The Millstone
從《遠(yuǎn)眺》看翁達(dá)杰的立體主義敘事形式
廣告英語的特色與翻譯技巧
從自然主義視角解讀德萊賽《珍妮姑娘》中珍妮的形象
Cultural Differences on West-Eastern Business Negotiations
Jude the Obscure and Hardy’s World View
淺析當(dāng)代美國跨種族領(lǐng)養(yǎng)的現(xiàn)狀
從《湯姆叔叔的小屋》分析當(dāng)時(shí)美國黑人的命運(yùn)選擇
《論語》中“孝”的英譯——基于《論語》兩個(gè)英譯本的對(duì)比研究
《呼嘯山莊》男主人公希斯克里夫的性格分析
英漢“走類”動(dòng)詞短語概念隱喻的對(duì)比研究
淺析歐洲中世紀(jì)騎士和中國俠士精神的差異─西歐中世紀(jì)初期騎士和中國秦漢游俠 85 探析《霍亂時(shí)期的愛情》的悲劇美
《愛瑪》女主角愛瑪伍德豪斯人物分析
從兒童心理角度看兒童文學(xué)中的對(duì)話翻譯 淺析焦慮對(duì)英語專業(yè)學(xué)生英語口語的影響 中學(xué)英語寫作中的中介語錯(cuò)誤分析 從意象的角度看勞倫斯短篇小說中女性的婚姻愛情觀
淺析中國企業(yè)的國際化模式和策略
劉易斯小說《巴比特》中的都市景觀和人物描寫分析
任務(wù)型教學(xué)的真實(shí)性原則在我國現(xiàn)行初中英語教材中的應(yīng)用體現(xiàn)
《荷塘月色》的兩個(gè)英譯版本的比較研究
對(duì)狄金森詩歌中四個(gè)主題的分析
從廣交會(huì)現(xiàn)場洽談角度論英語委婉語在國際商務(wù)談判中的功能與應(yīng)用
英雄還是魔鬼-論亞哈船長的雙重性格
論《喧嘩與騷動(dòng)》中凱蒂康普生的悲劇
淺析《湯姆叔叔的小屋》中黑奴的命運(yùn)
機(jī)器翻譯回顧--案例分析谷歌
Effects of Globalization on Translation–An Analysis of Domestication and Foreignization 102 荒島主義在《蠅王》中的映射
呼嘯山莊之人性的泯滅
從《生活大爆炸》中看中西幽默的差異
Cross-cultural Differences in Business Etiquette Between China and America
從歸化角度分析英文廣告的漢譯
影響英語詞匯發(fā)展的言外因素
跨文化視角中中英顏色詞的對(duì)比及翻譯
An Analysis of the Religious Elements in Robinson Crusoe
Sino-American Business Negotiations:An Intercultural Communication Perspective 111 英國貴族精神和紳士教育研究
解讀《小鎮(zhèn)畸人》中三位畸形女性
A Contrastive Study of English and Chinese Cohesiveness
合作學(xué)習(xí)在小學(xué)英語詞匯教學(xué)中的應(yīng)用研究
從《老友記》看美國幽默
功能目的論視角下的仿擬翻譯的應(yīng)用分析
英語報(bào)刊標(biāo)題的詞匯特點(diǎn)和修辭特點(diǎn)
愛米麗的悲劇成因—評(píng)??思{的小說《獻(xiàn)給愛米麗的一朵玫瑰花》
《達(dá)洛維夫人》中的生死觀初探
從中美送禮習(xí)俗分析兩國文化價(jià)值觀的差異
從關(guān)聯(lián)理論看中國電影名稱的翻譯
On the Application of Polysystem Theory In the Two Versions of Hamlet
《好人難尋》的冷漠主題分析
從《競選州長》看馬克?吐溫的幽默藝術(shù)
《了不起的蓋茨比》:蓋茨比的性格對(duì)其一生的影響及其對(duì)當(dāng)代中國青年的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義 126 從功能對(duì)等理論談中國小吃名英譯
英語學(xué)習(xí)能力與風(fēng)格的性別差異研究
從關(guān)聯(lián)理論看《博物館奇妙夜》的字幕翻譯
英語教學(xué)中如何提高學(xué)生的跨文化交際能力
淺談經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化背景下的商務(wù)英語
從功能派目的論角度看商品說明書的英漢翻譯
A Comparison of the English Color Terms
從生態(tài)女性主義角度解讀《苔絲》
英語課堂中的教師提問策略
論《推銷員之死》中威利的死因
《哈克貝利?費(fèi)恩歷險(xiǎn)記》的藝術(shù)特色分析
論廣告英語的用詞特點(diǎn)
析《道林格雷》中王爾德用來揭示生活與藝術(shù)沖突的方法
淺析《德伯維爾家的苔絲》中造成苔絲悲劇的因素
道德與歸屬地的一致性--《曼斯菲爾德莊園》空間維度分析
從《胎記》看霍桑對(duì)科學(xué)的態(tài)度
從功能分析的角度試析廣告英語中語言的性別差異
廣播英語的語言學(xué)分析
淺析廣告英語中修辭的魅力
《基督山伯爵》中等待和希望的哲學(xué)
On the Main Practice of the Corporate Social Responsibility of the Multinational Corporations
探索《小王子》中主人公的性格
淺談文化差異與英漢翻譯
淺談商務(wù)合同
從女性主義角度看《覺醒》中愛德娜的女性主體意識(shí)覺醒
151 交際法在初中英語教學(xué)中的應(yīng)用
152 濟(jì)慈六大頌詩的意象
153 威廉?麥克佩斯?薩克雷《名利場》的道德研究
154 文化視角下的品牌名翻譯研究
155 Analysis of American Culture in Friends
156 《時(shí)時(shí)刻刻》中女性自我構(gòu)建的研究
157 英語語言中的性別差異研究
158 論英漢植物詞語的文化附加義
159 中西方茶文化對(duì)比研究——以紅茶為例
160
161 臻于完美的人物魅力——對(duì)簡?奧斯丁《勸導(dǎo)》中的女主人公的分析
162 從認(rèn)知語境的角度解讀《一個(gè)干凈明亮的地方》的隱含意義
163 英漢稱謂的文化差異研究
164 自救或被救: 小說《紅字》分析
165 論希斯克利夫出走的必然性
166 《喜福會(huì)》體現(xiàn)的中美家庭觀念沖突解析
167 淺析MSN交談中的話語標(biāo)記語
168 從生態(tài)和消費(fèi)的角度解讀《瓦爾登湖》中梭羅的思想
169 經(jīng)典英語電影臺(tái)詞的語言特征和文化態(tài)度
170 詞組詞匯學(xué)習(xí)方法
171 Cultural Factors in the Translation of English Idioms
172 中西方創(chuàng)世神話文化的比較
173 動(dòng)物習(xí)語翻譯中的歸化和異化
174 The Comparison of Marriage Traditions between China and America
175兩種文化中不同的生存希望——以電影《肖申克的救贖》和《活著》人物命運(yùn)分析為例
176 試析廣告英語中語言的性別差異——從功能分析的角度著手
177 從跨文化的視角分析美國動(dòng)畫“辛普森一家”中的習(xí)語現(xiàn)象
178 論狄更斯《霧都孤兒》中的批判現(xiàn)實(shí)主義
179 《詠水仙》兩個(gè)翻譯版本的文體分析
180 《弗朗西斯麥康伯短促的幸福生活》中麥康伯個(gè)性轉(zhuǎn)變之分析
181 肢體語言在商務(wù)談判中的應(yīng)用分析
182 試析杰克倫敦的《野性的呼喚》中的自然主義
183 A Psychological Analysis of Mary in The Grass is Singing
184 Influence of Cross-Cultural Differences on the Translation of Chinese and English Idioms 185 A Comparative Study on the Celebrations of Traditional Chinese and Western Festivals 186 論《家》和《兒女一籮筐》中的中美家庭文化差異
187 文化差異對(duì)中美商務(wù)談判的影響
188 電影《暮色》中人物對(duì)白的言語行為分析
189 旅游資料翻譯中文化因素的處理
190 《屋頂上的女人》和A & P 中的人物比較及分析
191 析《麥田里的守望者》主人公霍爾頓的人生選擇
192 《厄舍古屋的倒塌》中哥特式文學(xué)特點(diǎn)分析
193 An Analysis of Symbolic Metaphor in To the Lighthouse
194 淺談?dòng)⒄Z教學(xué)中的”合作學(xué)習(xí)法”
195 Jane Austen’s Opinion towards Marriage in Pride and Prejudice
196 從合作性原則看品牌代言中廣告語的使用
197 論中英情感隱喻的異同點(diǎn)
198 An Analysis of the Religious Elements in Robinson Crusoe
199 從新聞?dòng)谜Z特點(diǎn)對(duì)比中西方文化差異
200 中西文化差異對(duì)英語俚語翻譯的影響