第一篇：托福英語考試作文題選編50題

托福英語考試作文題選編50題

1.Some people think that parents should plan their children’s leisure time carefully.Other people believe that children should decide for themselves how to spend their free time, Which idea do you agree with? Give reasons for your choice.2.People should be realistic rather than romantic in order to live a better life.Do you agree or disagree with the statement.Use specific reasons to support your answer.3.People should never be satisfied with what they have;they should always want something new or something different.Do you agree or disagree with the statement.Give reasons for your choice.4.Some people think that the family is the most important influence on young adults.Other people think that friends are the most important influence on young adults.Which view do you agree with? Use examples to support your position.5.Some students participate in school activities such as clubs and sports.Other students do not take part in such activities because they spend more time on their studies.Tell why you think the two groups of students spend their time differently? Which type of student do you prefer to be? Explain why.6.Travelling is more important than reading books insgroupsto understand the people and the world.Do you agree or disagree with the statement.Use specific reasons to support your answer.7.Some people like different friends.Others like similar friends.Compare the advantages of these two kinds of friends.Which kind of friend do you prefer.Explain why? 8.After they complete their university studies, some students live in their hometowns, others live in different towns or cities.Which do you think is better, living in your hometown or living in different towns or cities? Give specific reasons for your answer.9.Some people believe that newspaper are the best source of news.Others think that the news is presented better on radio or television.Which of these sources of news do you prefer? Use specific examples to support your choice.10.Some people learn best when a classroom lesson is presented in an entertaining , enjoyable way.Other people learn best when a lesson is presented in a serious, formal way.Which of these two ways of learning do you prefer? Give reasons to support your answer.11.Some people say that the best preparation for life is learning to be cooperative.Others take the opposite view and say that learning to be competitive is the best preparation.Tell which one you agree with and explain why.12.Some people pay money for the things they want or need.Other people trade products or goods for what they need.Compare the advantages of these two ways of obtaining things.Which way do you prefer? Explain why.13.Some people believe that growing up in a large family, with several sisters and brothers, offers more advantages than disadvantages.Other people think that being the only child is more advantageous.Write a short essay in which you discuss the advantages and disadvantages of each position.Explain which position you support.14.Some people think studying in a university is worthwhile only because you can get a degree.Do you agree or disagree with the statement? Give specific reasons to support your answer.15.Inventions such as eyeglasses and the sewing machine have had an important effect on our lives.Choose another invention that you think is important.Give specific reasons for your choice.16.Someone think that playing a game is fun only when you win.Do you agree or disagree with the statement.Use specific reasons to support your answer.17.A research center is going to be established in a university.There is an argument whether to establish an agricultural center or a business one.Which do your think is better.Use specific reasons to support your answer.18.“Fiction(such as short stories or novels)can teach us more about life than textbooks can”.Do you agree or disagree with the statement? Use specific examples to support your answer.19.Living in big cities has more advantages than living in small towns or countryside.Do you agree or disagree with the statement? Use specific reasons to support your answer.20.Some university students want to live in a room alone.Others prefer having roommates.Which do you like better, living alone or living with roommates? Give specific examples to support your answer.21.Some people like to travel alone, others like to travel together with several friends.Which do you prefer, Why? 22.Which is more important for you in your life, knowledge from books you read, or personal experiences in reality? Please use details to explain your answer.23.Newspapers contain many information topics such as sports, current event, business and entertainment.Which topic do you like to read most often.Give reasons to explain your answer.24.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: People should always show their strong emotions(such as excitement, anger, or joy).Use specific reasons and details to support your answer.25.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: Dissatisfaction leads to progress.Use specific reasons and examples to support your opinion.26.Do you agree or disagree with the following statement.A student’s main purpose in getting an education is to earn a lot of money.Use specific reasons and examples to support your opinion.27.Some students like to attend a large university that has many students.Others prefer to attend a small university that has fewer students.Which type of university do you prefer?Use specific reasons and example to support your answer.28.Some students like to have outdoor activities.Others like indoor activities.Which do you prefer? Give specific reasons and examples to illustrate your answer.29.How do movies or TV influence people’s behavior? Use reasons and specific examples to support your answer.30.Some people like to buy books to read, others like to borrow books from libraries or from other people.Compare the advantages of these two ways of reading.Which do you prefer? Why? 31.Some universities arrange a long period of vacation for students in the school year, others arrange several short vacations.Which kind of vacation do you prefer---a long vacation or a short one? Give specific reasons and examples for your answer.32.Some people like to communicate by telephone, Other people like to communicate by letter.Which do you prefer to communicate-by phone or by letter? Use specific and details to explain your answer.33.Some people like to listen to classical music, others like to listen to popular music(including popular songs).Which kind of music do you prefer? Give specific reasons for your answer.34.Games teach people about life.Do you agree or disagree with the statement? Give specific s for your answer.35.Many important natural resources such as water, forests, oil, etc, are running out in the world today.What should we do to protect them? Give specific examples to support your idea about one kind of these resources.36.“When people succeed, it is because of hard work;luck has nothing to do with success.” Do you agree or disagree with the quotation above? Use specific reasons and examples to explain your position.37.Sometimes it is fun to think of living in another time and place.If you could experience a different time and place, what time and what place would you choose? Use reasons and specific details to support your answer.38.Neighbors are the people who live near us.In your opinion, what are the qualities of a good neighbor? Use specific details and examples in your answer? 39.Some people like to eat at home and prepare food for themselves, others like to eat outside in restaurants or foodstands.Which way of eating do you prefer? give specific reasons and examples to illustrate your answer.40.Some say that the world would be a better place now if the automobile had never been invented.Decide if you agree or disagree with this statement and give specific reasons for your decision.41.Some people say that the best way to raise children is to encourage them to be independent thinkers.Others disagree and say that children need to be taught discipline insgroupsto become successful.Using specific examples, discuss these two opinions.State which one you agree with and why? 42.Some people like to work or study at night, others like to work or study during the day.Which do you prefer-work or study at night or during the day? Give specific reasons and examples to illustrate your answer.43.Some people like to study alone, others like to study with several people together.Which do you prefer—study alone or study with other people? Give specific reasons and examples to illustrate your answer.44.Some people like to use computers to type letter, others like to write letters with a pen.Which do you prefer and why? 45.Some companies like to employ younger and enthusiastic people, other companies like to employ older and experienced people.If you were a boss, which kind of people do you like to employ.Give reasons and specific examples to illustrate your answer.46.“It’s better to make wrong decision than make no decision at all” Do you agree or disagree with the statement.Give reasons or specific examples to illustrate your answer.47.Some people tend to work only for money, while others believe that people should enjoy what they do.Which opinion do you prefer? Explain why? 48.Some people tend to study a subject in a very intensive way over a short period of time, while others tend to study a subject constantly over a long period of time.What do you think is a better way of learning? Explain why.49.Should the money invested into a university be used to improve the library or to improve the physical training facilities? What do you think? Why? 50.Should the money invested into a university library be used to buy books or to buy computer? What do you think? Why?

第二篇：托?？谡Z第三題

托?？谡Z第三題模板及解析

托福口語第三題形式：閱讀+聽力+應(yīng)答托?？谡Z第三題閱讀：時間: 40秒至45秒 閱讀內(nèi)容：校園生活話題（75至100words）（大學(xué)的政策，規(guī)定或者辦事程序，大學(xué)的計劃，校園設(shè)施或校園內(nèi)生活質(zhì)量）

托?？谡Z第三題聽力：

時間：60s至80s內(nèi)容：話題同閱讀，說話者會針對相關(guān)話題持鮮明觀點(diǎn),觀點(diǎn)分支持反對兩種托?？谡Z第三題作答：

依據(jù)閱讀和聽力材料說明學(xué)生的觀點(diǎn)和學(xué)生所給出的理由,考生不需要說明自己的觀點(diǎn)！考察的關(guān)系：閱讀和聽力中綜合信息的能力：聽力必然和閱讀相關(guān)；答題必須與聽力相關(guān)，必須清楚聽力和閱讀之間的關(guān)系

時間： 準(zhǔn)備時間：30s;陳述時間：60s

TIPS: 注意邏輯組織：開始可以表明說話者的觀點(diǎn) agree or disagree，然后陳述理由?；卮鸨M可能完整。

托?？谡Z第三題備考TIPS:

1、閱讀的時候要注意記錄主題和支撐的觀點(diǎn)

2、聽力的部分主要記清楚主要人物的觀點(diǎn)，以及他支持或反對的理由

3、結(jié)構(gòu)一定要清楚，要用計時軟件，多鍛煉幾次才能在規(guī)定時間內(nèi)把要點(diǎn)說全說清楚。托福口語第三題備考模版：

1、“The school has implemented a new policy that...due to....And the man/woman holds a positive/negative view towards the announcement.The first reason s/he gives is that....And the second one is based on the fact that....”

2、From the reading material, we know that(the college)is going to...Obviously, the man/woman in the conversation thinks that this is a great/bad idea, due to the following reasons..One reason is that…….Another is…

(萬一有時間)So that's all the reasons s/he has to form that opinion.(盡量記，聽為主)

3、The man/woman’s opinion about STH is that…….(選擇方案型：聽選擇的原因。1.Firstly, the man/woman states that…….2.And then he/she states that…….)

(提出建議型：聽建議的利弊。1.Firstly, the man/woman talks about the positive aspect of this issue.He/she states that…….2.On the other hand, the man/man also talks about the negative aspect of this question.He/she points out that…….)（編輯：陳佳）

4、閱讀引用部分的模版

(1)In the reading material,(2)There is a/an announcement/message/notice/proposal about ****(填入記下的關(guān)鍵詞)

(3)The university/college is going to****(稍稍展開下)

(4)In the listening material, two students discuss about the***(填入關(guān)鍵詞)

聽力中人物表達(dá)觀點(diǎn)的模版:

(1)The man/woman is against/supporting the***

(2)He or she feels unhappy/less satisfied about***

(3)He or She thinks the*** is unfair/inconvenient/unaffordable for the following reasons:

(4)The man/woman’s opinion about STH is that…….理由展開部分的模版:

(1)First, he thinks/says****;Also, he points out that****

(2)Firstly, the man/woman states that…….;And then he/she states that…….(3)支持+反對

Firstly, the man/woman talks about the positive aspect of this issue.He/she states that…….On the other hand, the man/man also talks about the negative aspect of this question.He/she points out that…….5、范例： Bus Service Elimination Planned

Important Points（字?jǐn)?shù)102）

The university plans to eliminate the bus service because it is too expensive to run and too few students use it.（一句話概括閱讀材料的內(nèi)容）The man disagrees with the university plan.（談話人態(tài)度）He believes the reason few students take the bus is that the route goes to

neighborhoods where students do not live.If the routes were changed, many more students would ride the bus.（兩句話講談話人的第一個觀點(diǎn)：校車路線。注意改路線的建議是采用虛擬語氣來表述的）The man disagrees with the way the university plans to use the money it saves on the bus service.Building more parking lots on campus will encourage more students to drive on

campus.This would increase noise and traffic on campus.（談話人第二個觀點(diǎn)：增加停車場。首先講談話人觀點(diǎn)：Disagree with the way…然后將后果講后果）"

范例：字?jǐn)?shù)147

The man in the scene said he wanted to keep the bus service for the better being of students on campus, because there is some students who can not afford the car, therefore they use the free bus service even though it isn’t that much.The problem with bus service right now is going through wrong neighbour where it is too expensive for students to live, so what they should do is just change the course of bus.And that will take of the problem.Also, they should encourage more students to use the bus service instead of discourage them.Or()if they us the money that they use for bus service to increase the space of the parking lot for the students, which will add to the noise of the campus and will be more congested for all the people who already parking over there.自我測評標(biāo)準(zhǔn):Self-Assessment Checklist：

1.I noted the main points of the reading passage.2.I noted the main points of the listening

passage.3.I read the question carefully.4.I used careful planning to outline my response.5.I began with an overall topic statement.6.I used b supporting ideas.7.I used transitions to connect the supporting ideas.第三題：In this set of materials, the reading passage describes a notice(the title of the reading passage)and the listening passage is a discussion by two students on_________(summarize each passage with one sentence)

According to the reading passage, the notice explains(discusses)__________

In the listening passage, the students discuss the notice__________

第四題：In this set of materials, the reading passage describes________and the listening passage is a lecture by a professor on________

According to the reading passage ________

In the listening passage, the professor discusses____________

第五題：In this listening material, the woman(man)has a problem________(main points from the listening material).The man(woman)gives him or her two suggestion.One is __________As far as I am concerned, I think __________is better.First, because__________Also, ____________.第六題

In this listening material, the professor describes(explains)______________________(main points from the listening material)

task3 校園事物議論題

1.1

The announcement from the university newspaper says the school is going to add computer classes in the evening.There are two reasons.Firstly, the students numbers are increasing rapidly, Secondly there are limited seats in the computer lab.The man disagrees with this new policy.He has two reasons for holding his opinion.The first reason is that the students have full classes in the daytime, and they want to live personal life in the evening.The second reason is the school must pay the professors extra money for working beyond the regular hours, with that money the school can afford additional computers to meet all the students’ requirement.So that’s why the man disagrees with the new policy.1.2

The announcement from university newspaper says the school is going to close the art gallery and redecorate it into office building.There are two reasons.Firstly, art majors take advantage of the art gallery only occasionally.Secondly, less than half of the students visit the exhibition.The man disagrees with this new policy.He has two reasons for holding his opinion.The first reason is art majors take the chance of exhibiting in the art gallery seriously, they won’t send works to the exhibition until everything is perfect.The second reason is the school publicity of the exhibition is late and inaccurate.There were quite a few time when the school newspaper would introduce the information of new exhibition.1.3

The announcement from university newspaper says the school is going to build off campus apartment.There are two benefits.Firstly, it can save limited campus areas and leave more space for students’ activities.Secondly, it increases students’ daily communications with local community.The woman disagrees with this new policy.She has two reasons for holding her opinion.The first reason is that if the students don’t live on campus, they will drive to campus, thus they need more parking spaces.The second reason is by doing this, the students will lose the chance to participate in the school activities, after all, school activities are more important than social contact.So that’s why the woman disagrees with the new policy.1.4

The announcement from university newspaper says the school is going to postpone the school union election.There are two reasons.Firstly, many students are involved with finals and graduations in May.Secondly, new students are coming in September, they can vote for their favorite candidates.The man disagrees with this new policy.He has two reasons for holding his opinion.The first reason is that in September, they are equally busy, they have to select new courses, talk to professors and find new apartment.The second reason is the first year students’ No 1 issue is becoming familiar with the new environment, they are not familiar with the election candidates.So that’s why the man disagrees with the new policy.1.5

The announcement from university newspaper says the school is going to renovate the

students’ dormitory.Because the lodging rate of students’ dormitory has dropped 20 percent since last year, and many students keep moving out of the dormitory.The woman disagrees with this new policy.She has two reasons for holding her opinion.The first reason is that the whole

renovations will last 2 years, and during this time, it will make a lot of noise, thus the students will be driven to move out.The second reason is the dormitory fee will increase soon after the

dormitory is built because of the worker salary, new materials and new furniture.So that’s why the woman disagrees with the new policy.1.6

The announcement from university newspaper says the school is going to implement online library service.There are several purposes.By doing this, registered students can log into their personal accounts and view digital versions of book online.The man agrees with this new policy.He has three reasons for holding his opinion.The first reason is that by doing this, the school doesn’t need to spend millions of money rebuilding the library.The second reason is it is cheaper and faster than the traditional one.The third reason is there are new desk tops in the living room of dormitories , thus the students can access to the reference without any procedure and trouble.So that’s why the man agrees with the new policy.1.7

The announcement from university newspaper says the school is going to expand its

broadcasting.There are two benefits.Firstly, by doing this, more students would enjoy listening to the school radio.Secondly, the school can make more money by casting commercial

advertisement.The woman agrees with this new policy.She has two reasons for holding her

opinion.The first reason is that by doing this, it can not only broadcast the academic news but also diversify the channel of information, which can help us find job.The second reason is once the school makes money from the commercial, this money will be used to do research and set up the scholarship.So that’s why the woman disagrees with the new policy.1.9

The announcement from university newspaper says that the university has decided best

undergraduate students can attend the course of graduate school and their credits can be taken into grad study in order to encourage more students to learn the grad course in this college.The man disagrees with this new policy.He gives a couple of reasons for holding his opinion.The first reason is that if the undergraduate students take part in the seminar class, the class will be so large and harmful to everyone.The second reason is the students should change a university to study further, thus they can know new teachers and classmates and have a new experience.So that’s why the man disagrees with the new policy.2.0

The announcement from university newspaper says that the university is going to improve the cafeteria.There are two policys.Firstly, the old cafeteria will improve their quality through bringing in another cafeteria.Secondly, the university will force the cafeteria to improve the quality in limited days.The man disagrees with this new policy.He gives a couple of reasons for holding his opinion.The first reason is that there is no room for another cafeteria.The second reason is the time is so short for the cafeteria to improve the quality.So that’s why the man disagrees with the new policy.2.1

The announcement from university newspaper says that the university is going to set up computer classes in the evening.There are several reasons.Firstly, there are two many students who choose the computer classes in the morning.Secondly, the computers are not enough.The man disagrees with this new policy.He gives a couple of reasons for holding his opinion.The first reason is that many students may not choose the evening class, because they are busy in the

activities, such as going to club and social activities.The second reason is it must pay the teacher

extra wage, and it is better to buy more computers.The third reason is the computer room is large enough to place more computers.So that’s why the man disagrees with the new policy.2.2 activity of protecting environment

The letter from professor says that the university should terminate recycle program, because the students do not pay attention to it and it’s a waste of money.The man disagrees with this new policy.He gives a couple of reasons for holding his opinion.The first reason is that the university did not emphasize this program and the students didn’t know where the recycle sites were.The second reason is this program is supported by the city government, not the school, so this policy won’t save money for the university.So that’s why the man disagrees with the new policy.2.3 computer class

The letter from professor says that the university should set up the computer classes and teach more computer knowledge, because he didn’t master the computer skills when he graduated from the university 25 yeas ago.The man disagrees with this new policy.He gives a couple of reasons for holding his opinion.The first reason is that it is common to use computer, even in English class, so it is possible that almost everyone has master the computer skills and it’s a waste of money for the university to set up the class.The second reason is students who don’t master computer skills can learn them in the computer training organization after graduation.So that’s why the man disagrees with the new policy.

第三篇：雅思 托福是大學(xué)生留學(xué)必考的英語考試

雅思 托福是大學(xué)生留學(xué)必考的英語考試

GRE則是在外讀研究生所需的GRE最難 詞匯量要求在2W 分2組 閱讀和寫作 都是機(jī)考

新托福其次 詞匯量要求在8000左右 分4組 聽，說，讀，寫。主要以聽力為主 注重學(xué)校實(shí)踐交流 機(jī)考

雅思 詞匯量在5000左右 分4組 聽，說，讀，寫，以閱讀 寫作為主 筆試

第四篇：商務(wù)英語考試真題1

全國2011年4月高等教育自學(xué)考試國際商務(wù)英語及答案 課程代碼：05844 Ⅰ.Translate the following words and expressions from English into Chinese.(10%)1.in a detour 迂回 2.competitive devaluation 競爭性貶值 3.consignor 寄售人 4.customer mobility 客戶流動性 5.escape clauses 豁免條款 6.share holders 股東 7.potential loss 潛在損失 8.carrying vessel 運(yùn)載船只 9.negligent 粗心大意 10.specific duty 從量稅

Ⅱ.Translate the following words and expressions from Chinese into English.(10%)11.債權(quán)國 The credit country 12.國際合同

International contract 13.定期付款/分階段付款 Term payment 14.被保險人 The insured 15.人口計劃 The population plan 16.特惠稅 The preferential duty 17.基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施項(xiàng)目 Infrastructure construction project 18.裝箱單 Shipping list 19.破產(chǎn) Disrupted 20.土地和勞動力 Land and labor force Ⅲ.Match the words and expressions on the left with the explanations on the right.(10%)21.facilities(d)a.the price or cost of transportation 22.premises(g)b.easily to go bad 23.middleman(f)c.not to do something that has been arranged or decided upon 24.perishable(b)d.something designed, built or installed to serve a specific function or perform a particular service 25.access(j)e.the act of paying a bill, debt, charge, etc.26.controversy(i)f.trader through whom goods pass between the producer and the customer 27.carriage(a)g.a tract of land including its buildings 28.settlement(e)h.an official group of persons who direct or supervise some activities of a firm 29.board(h)i.public argument about something which many people disagree with 30.cancel(c)j.a way by which a place, esp.property can be reached or entered or used Ⅳ.Make brief explanations of the following terms or give the full name of the abbreviation in English.(10%)31.term draft 遠(yuǎn)期匯票

A draft which requires to pay after sight or in a given period of time after representation of relevant documents.32.transferable credit 可轉(zhuǎn)讓信用證

Credit which can be transferred to other parties during the transportation of goods.33.direct quote 直接報價

A certain amount of foreign currency, usually one unit or one hundred unit, is marked with equivalent amount of home currency.34.acquisition 收購

Buying existing facilities 35.GATT 關(guān)稅和貿(mào)易總協(xié)定 The General Agreement of Tariff and Trade.V.Answer the following questions in English.(20%)36.What are the five major modes of the modern freight transportation system? Water, air, road, rail, pipeline 37.What do ―valued‖ policies mean? Valued policies mean that a country provide investors with preferential policies for insured return in order to attract foreign investment.38.What is the purpose to establish GSP(the Generalized System of Preference)? The purpose of GSP is to help development of developing countries by provide tariff concession to them.39.What is the relationship between MNEs and their host countries? The relationship of MNEs and their host countries is interdependable and interactive.Ⅵ.Translate the following into Chinese.(15%)40.The Bank for International Settlement(BIS)is a unique institution.Many of its operations are of types normally performed by a commercial bank, but it is owned principally by central banks, and managed by central banks and its principal customers are central banks.The objects of BIS are to promote the cooperation among central banks and to provide additional facilities for international operations.國際結(jié)算銀行是一個獨(dú)特的機(jī)構(gòu)。盡管它擁有商業(yè)銀行的許多常規(guī)業(yè)務(wù)，但它卻是由中央銀行擁有，管理并將各國央行作為其主要客戶。它的目標(biāo)是促進(jìn)各國央行間的合作，從而為國際貿(mào)易提供額外的支持。

41.In the 1970s and 1980s counter trade was different from the old practice although some similarities remained.Current counter trade partners are not necessarily familiar partners and goods exchanged are sometimes vertically related.Current counter trade can be categorized as follows.20世紀(jì)七八十年代，對銷貿(mào)易盡管保留一些與過去相似的地方，但它卻與過去明顯不同。它的貿(mào)易伙伴不再是熟悉的伙伴，交易的商品也并不總是垂直相關(guān)的。現(xiàn)行的對銷貿(mào)易可分類如下。Ⅶ.Translate the following into English.(25%)

42．跨國公司是在一個以上國家擁有、控制和經(jīng)營資產(chǎn)的商業(yè)組織。

MNC refers to an commercial organization which owns, controls and manages asset in more other one country.43．世界各國被世界銀行分為三大領(lǐng)域：高收入國家，中等收入國家和低收入國家。

Countries in the world are grouped into four categaries by the World Bank:high-income, middle-income, and low-income countries.44．企業(yè)投保的主要刺激是他們可以騰出資金，進(jìn)行其他項(xiàng)目的投資。

The main stimulas for intreprises to insure is that they can release their funds and invest in other projects.45．信用證的付款方式對買賣雙方都提供了保障。The payment of credit provides assurance to both the buyers and the sellers.46．世界上任何一個地方任何一種社會的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長都與利用運(yùn)輸有直接的關(guān)系。In any place of the world, the economic growth of any society has a direct relation with the adoption of transportation.

第五篇：醫(yī)學(xué)博士英語考試詞匯題總結(jié)

詞匯題總結(jié)

輔導(dǎo)班綜合練習(xí)冊

Drill plus 1 1.in the long run: 從長遠(yuǎn)來看, 終究

at a stroke: 一下子, 一口氣兒, 一蹴而就

at a stretch: 一口氣（做完某事）;不休息地(一口氣地)in the same breath: 同時 at a time: 每次,一次

2.designed: 設(shè)計好的;故意的 distinctive: 有特色的, 出眾的

dynamic: 動力的;動態(tài)的;動力學(xué)的

intrinsic: 本身的;固有的;本質(zhì)的;內(nèi)在的 on the move: 在活動中

3.persistent: 固執(zhí)的, 持續(xù)的, 堅(jiān)持的

tranquilization: 鎮(zhèn)定;平靜;寧靜 go beyond: 超過(勝過)get over: 克服;把...忘懷;從中恢復(fù)過來;熬過 pull through: 度過難關(guān);恢復(fù)健康

give way to: 讓路;讓步(退卻,消除,衰退,代替,毀壞)4.unprecedented: 空前的

publish: 出版, 公開, 發(fā)行;出版, 發(fā)行;發(fā)表作品 estimate: 估計, 判斷, 評價 turn up: 出現(xiàn);發(fā)生

bring forward: 提出;顯示;提前 put down: 放下;鎮(zhèn)壓;拒絕 make up: 彌補(bǔ);縫制;虛構(gòu)

5.institute: 學(xué)會;協(xié)會;學(xué)院;/創(chuàng)立;制定;開始

type: 類型, 模范, 典型;/作為代表, 用打字機(jī)打, 測定類型;打字 allocate: 分派,分配,分配額

expand: 使膨脹;擴(kuò)張;詳述;張開;發(fā)展

sponsor: 發(fā)起者;倡議者;主辦者;保證人;/發(fā)起;倡議;主辦;為...做保證人 sum: 總數(shù), 金額, 和;/計算...的總和;概括;總結(jié);概述 6.threaten: 恐嚇, 預(yù)示...的兇兆, 威脅;威脅, 可能來臨, 恫嚇

fundamental: 基本原則, 根本法則;綱要;/基本的, 原音的, 重要的 formidable: 強(qiáng)大的, 艱難的, 可怕的

fatal: 致命的;命運(yùn)注定的;重大的;毀滅性的 favorable: 有用的,良好的,贊成的;有利的 fantastic: 極好的,難以相信的,奇異的,幻想的

7.publicist: 政治評論家;國際法學(xué)家或?qū)W國際法的學(xué)生;政治記者;打廣告者, 做廣告的公司

abruptly: 突然地;唐突地, 魯莽地;意外地;陡峭地

publicity: 公眾的注意,宣傳,宣揚(yáng),宣傳品,廣告;公開,人盡皆知 call off: 取消;喊走

call down: 祈求(責(zé)罵,命令)call up: 打電話;召集;打電話給;召喚, 使人想起, 應(yīng)征入伍, 提出議案 call for: 需要,邀請,要求

8.variable: 變數(shù), 可變物;可變的, 易變的, 不定的

data: 數(shù)據(jù), 資料

informative: 情報的, 見聞廣博的, 使知道消息的 inconclusive: 非決定性的, 不得要領(lǐng)的, 不確定的 inconspicuous: 不顯眼的, 不引人注意的

indisputable: 無可爭辯的(無可置疑的,明白的)9.sterilization: 消毒,滅菌;絕育

proportional: 比例的, 成比例的;成常比的;均衡的, 相稱的 subjected: 易受......的;受制于...的;服從的,易患的

susceptible: 易被感動的, 易動感情的;易受...影響的;多情的;敏感的, 過敏的 liable: 有義務(wù)的, 有...傾向的, 應(yīng)負(fù)責(zé)的 10.element: 成分;要素;分子

compose: 組成, 作曲, 寫作;作詩, 構(gòu)圖, 作曲;排字 contributing: 貢獻(xiàn)的,起作用的

11.religious: 宗教性的, 宗教上的, 虔誠的;修道士;/和尚;修女;尼姑

significance: 重要性, 重要;意思;意義, 含義 install: 安裝;使就職;安置

charge: 指控, 沖鋒, 費(fèi)用;電荷

/索價;課;對...索費(fèi);把...記入帳冊, 賒購;控訴, 使充滿, 加罪于;索價;沖鋒;收費(fèi);充電

12.dramatically: 戲劇性地;引人注目地

accordingly: 因此,于是,如前所說 照著 相應(yīng)地 markedly: 顯著地,醒目地,明顯地

absolutely: 絕對地,完全地;獨(dú)立地;確實(shí)地;一點(diǎn)不錯;正是如此 eventually: 最后;終于

13.turn down: 向下折轉(zhuǎn);拒絕

despise: 輕視

dissipate: 散失, 浪費(fèi), 驅(qū)散;消散, 放蕩 there is no point in: 做某事沒有意義

14.attribute: 歸于, 屬于;/屬性;標(biāo)志, 象征;特質(zhì), 特性;定語

expose: 使暴露, 陳列, 揭穿 endow: 捐贈, 賦予, 捐助

entitle: 取名為,給與名稱,叫做,使有權(quán)利 ascribe: 歸因于;歸咎于 15.indeed: 真正地;當(dāng)然;確實(shí)

crucial: 決定性的, 嚴(yán)厲的, 重要的;關(guān)鍵的 vigorous: 精力旺盛的, 健壯的, 有力的

acknowledge: 承認(rèn);告知收到;對...打招呼;答謝;確認(rèn);報償 recognize: 認(rèn)出, 識別;正式承認(rèn);認(rèn)識;認(rèn)可, 認(rèn)定

document：證明, 為...引證;記載,用文件等證明;/文件, 公文;證書;契約, 書寫文件 appraise: 評價, 鑒定, 估價

administer: 管理;經(jīng)營;掌管;實(shí)施, 執(zhí)行;擔(dān)任管理者;執(zhí)行遺產(chǎn)管理人職責(zé);幫助, 提供服務(wù)

16.desire: 愿望,欲望,情欲;/向往,要求,請求;渴望

split away from: 分裂(分離)symbol: 符號,標(biāo)志,象征

inspiration: 靈感;妙計, 好辦法;鼓舞人心的人;吸入, 吸氣 application: 申請;要求;完成;堅(jiān)持, 勤勉;運(yùn)用;適用 aspiration: 渴望;熱望;（醫(yī)）抽吸，吸引術(shù)，吸氣 motivation: 動機(jī), 推動, 刺激

17.peril: 危險, 冒險;/使有危險, 使臨險境;危及

prospect: 景色, 展望, 希望;/勘探, 尋找;勘探, 有前途

hazard: 危險;危險之源;危害物;機(jī)會;/冒...的危險;使遭危險;賭運(yùn)氣

adventure: 冒險, 冒險精神;激動人心的活動;冒險活動;投機(jī)活動;/冒險去做;大膽說出;使冒險;

18.substance: 物質(zhì), 主旨, 實(shí)質(zhì);基本內(nèi)容

property: 財產(chǎn), 性質(zhì), 所有權(quán)

original: 起源,原件,原稿;/最初的, 獨(dú)創(chuàng)的, 原始的 universal: 普遍的, 通用的, 全體的;宇宙的;/一般概念 genetic: 遺傳的;起源的

homogeneous: 同種的, 均質(zhì)的, 同質(zhì)的 19.consensus: 一致;輿論;合意;共識

sharply: 鋒利地;激烈地;銳利地;突然地, 猛烈地;嚴(yán)厲地,厲害地 resolution: 決心;正式?jīng)Q定, 決議;決定;分解, 解析;堅(jiān)定,果斷 20.overwhelming: 壓倒性的, 無法抵抗的

convinced: 確信的;有堅(jiān)定信仰的 persuasive: 有說服力的;善說服的

skeptical: 懷疑論的, 不可知論的;懷疑的, 多疑的;懷疑宗教教條的 perplex: 使困惑;使復(fù)雜化;使費(fèi)解;使難辦 critical: 批評的,決定性的,危險的,挑剔的;臨界的 Drill plus 2 1.impact: 沖擊, 碰撞, 撞擊;影響;沖擊力, 撞擊力;作用;/擠入;壓緊;撞擊;沖擊, 碰撞, 撞擊;產(chǎn)生影響

launch into: 熱心于;狂熱于;投入, 進(jìn)入

translate into: 譯成;轉(zhuǎn)化為

dissect: 解剖;仔細(xì)分析;切開;細(xì)心研究

convey: 傳達(dá),運(yùn)輸,轉(zhuǎn)移 2.turn up: 出現(xiàn);發(fā)生 bioactive: 生物活性的

miniature: 縮圖, 小畫像;/ 小規(guī)模的, 纖小的 bizarre: 奇異的, 異乎尋常的, 極不協(xié)調(diào)的 invisible: 看不見的;無形的 3.induce: 勸誘;導(dǎo)致;促使 rule out: 排除

divide up: 瓜分,分配

bring apart: 把(機(jī)器)拆開 sort out: 分出, 分類, 歸類 4.expectation: 期待;指望;預(yù)料

usher: 引座員, 傳達(dá)員, 招待員;/ 引導(dǎo), 引領(lǐng)；展示;作招待員 era: 時代;時期;紀(jì)元 prenatal: 產(chǎn)前的,出生前的

meet up with: 意外碰到(不期而遇)come up with: 趕上;提出

shed light on: 照亮;闡明,把...弄清楚

live up to: 實(shí)行;達(dá)到預(yù)期標(biāo)準(zhǔn);不辜負(fù)...的希望 5.redundant: 多余的, 冗長的, 過多的 lay off: 解雇;休息;停止工作 lay down: 放下;記下,擬定,建造

lay out: 花費(fèi);投資,展開,設(shè)計,布置,劃定 lay away: 把...留待后用;積蓄

lay aside: 把...擱置一旁,留存,儲存

6.privilege: 特權(quán), 基本人權(quán), 特別恩典;/ 給與...特權(quán), 特免

issue: 發(fā)行, 后果, 問題;/ 發(fā)行;造成...結(jié)果;流出;使流出;發(fā)行;放出 principle: 原則;主義;原理;信條 priority: 優(yōu)先權(quán),優(yōu)先順序,優(yōu)先

7.modify: 更改, 修改;修飾;緩和, 減輕

adjust: 調(diào)節(jié);校正;改變...以適應(yīng);校準(zhǔn);調(diào)整, 適應(yīng)于, 校準(zhǔn) contract: 合約, 契約, 婚約;/使縮短, 訂約, 感染;承包 8.distinction: 差別,不同,對比,區(qū)分,區(qū)別

subtle: 微妙的,敏感的,精細(xì)的,狡猾的 sufficient: 足夠的,充分的

superficial: 表面的, 淺薄的, 膚淺的

superior: 上好的, 高傲的, 出眾的;/上司;長輩;長官;優(yōu)勢者, 優(yōu)勝者 9.internal: 本質(zhì), 本性;內(nèi)部器官, 內(nèi)臟;/內(nèi)在的;國內(nèi)的

anatomy: 解剖學(xué), 骨骸, 剖析 supreme: 最高的, 極端的, 終極的

superb: 堂皇的, 宏偉的;極好的, 一流的, 上乘的;華麗的 superfluous: 多余的, 過量的, 過剩的

10.resident: 居民, 定居者;住院醫(yī)生;僑民;/ 居住的, 定居的;住校的;常駐的;住院的

garbage: 垃圾;廢物

break up: 打碎;破碎;分裂;破壞;開墾;解散,結(jié)束,衰弱 dispose of: 解決, 處理;除去, 扔掉;讓或賣掉

check out: 結(jié)帳離開;仔細(xì)檢查;檢查;看看, 試試;死去, 逝世 hand out: 把...拿出來;施舍;分發(fā)

11.trace: 跟蹤;查出,探出,調(diào)查,追蹤,回溯,描繪;/痕跡,蹤跡,微量

hypothetical: 假設(shè)的, 假定的 meditative: 愛沉思的, 冥想的

presumptive: 根據(jù)推定的, 給與推定之根據(jù)的, 假定的 thoughtful: 深思的, 體貼的, 有思想性的 deceptive: 迷惑的, 騙人的;欺詐的;虛偽的 12.fulfill: 完成,履行;滿足;實(shí)現(xiàn)

standardize: 使標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化, 用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)檢驗(yàn), 使合于標(biāo)準(zhǔn) 13.perpetuate: 使永存, 使不朽

sustain: 支撐;維持, 供養(yǎng);承受, 承擔(dān);支援 modulate: 調(diào)整, 調(diào)制, 使轉(zhuǎn)調(diào);轉(zhuǎn)調(diào), 調(diào)制 14.fad: 時尚, 一時流行的狂熱

heed: 注意, 留心

cue: 提示,尾白;線索,暗示;信號;角色;/把...插入演出;給...暗示;暗示 play down: 降低;減少;貶低 put up with: 忍受;容忍 give attention to: 注意;關(guān)心 get rid of: 擺脫;除去

15.asset: 資產(chǎn),有用的東西,優(yōu)點(diǎn),長處

essence: 基本, 原素, 本質(zhì)

enterprise: 企業(yè);事業(yè)；主動力, 努力;公司, 商行, 生意

16.stroll: 漫步, 四處流浪, 閑逛;/ 散步, 溜達(dá);流浪, 輾轉(zhuǎn)各地;緩步走;巡回演出;在...散步

pick up: 掘地;獲得;撿起

dilate: 使擴(kuò)大;使膨脹;擴(kuò)大;膨脹;詳述

multiply: 乘, 使相乘;使繁殖;使增加;增加;做乘法;繁殖 17.arthritis: 關(guān)節(jié)炎

joint: 連接處, 關(guān)節(jié), 接合/連接;使有接頭;接合/共同的;連接的;聯(lián)合的 involvement: 連累;包含

disorder: 雜亂, 混亂/擾亂, 使失調(diào)

knuckle: 指關(guān)節(jié);肘;膝關(guān)節(jié);蹄 /以指節(jié)打,以手指射 dislocation: 脫臼, 位置錯亂, 轉(zhuǎn)位

18.prone: 有...傾向的, 易于...的;傾斜的;俯臥的, 面向下的;陡的

osteoporosis: 骨質(zhì)疏松癥

fracture: 破碎, 骨折/使破裂;使折斷;使斷裂;使骨折;破裂;折斷;斷裂 post-menopause: 絕經(jīng)后期;更年期 reliable: 可靠的, 可信賴的

liable: 有義務(wù)的, 有...傾向的, 應(yīng)負(fù)責(zé)的

compatible: 諧調(diào)的;兼容的;一致的;能共處的,可并立的,適合

19.hamper: 妨礙, 阻礙;束縛;牽制/障礙物;障礙船具;束縛;食盒, 食籃 constant: 經(jīng)常的,不變的;堅(jiān)決的;持續(xù)的/常數(shù);恒量

hold up: 搶劫;舉起...展示搶劫;舉起...展示;提出,支持住,阻擋 cut off: 切掉, 切斷, 刪去 carry out: 完成;貫徹;實(shí)現(xiàn) give up: 放棄, 拋棄, 停止

20.session: 開會;會議, 會, 集會;開庭;會期

revised: 經(jīng)過修訂的

community: 社區(qū), 共同社會;社會, 公眾;共同體;共有 climate: 氣候;思潮;風(fēng)土;風(fēng)氣, 氣氛

portion: 部分;一份遺產(chǎn);一份, 一客;命運(yùn), 定數(shù)/把...分成多份;給...一份嫁妝;分配

term: 學(xué)期, 期間, 期限;術(shù)語,名詞/把...稱為, 把...叫做

Drill 1 1.prospective: 有希望的, 將來的, 預(yù)期的

perspective: 遠(yuǎn)景, 透視, 看法

prospect: 景色, 展望, 希望 / 勘探, 尋找;前途 prosperity: 繁榮, 成功, 幸運(yùn)

editorial: 社論, 評論 / 編輯的, 社論的, 主筆的

2.comprehensive: 全面的;能充分理解的;廣泛的;綜合的

comprehensible: 可理解的, 易于了解的

understandable: 可理解的;可了解的;能懂的 understanding: 諒解, 理解

3.arrangement: 安排;約定, 非正式協(xié)議;準(zhǔn)備工作;調(diào)停

management: 經(jīng)營;處理;管理 organization: 組織, 團(tuán)體, 機(jī)構(gòu)

programme: 節(jié)目,程序,規(guī)劃 / 為...規(guī)劃程序,擬...節(jié)目,制作節(jié)目 4.win: 獲勝, 影響, 達(dá)到;贏得, 成功, 打勝 / 贏, 勝利

gain: 增益,獲得,利潤 / 得到,增進(jìn),獲利

reward: 報酬, 賞金, 酬謝 / 獎賞, 報應(yīng), 酬謝

take: 拿, 收成, 取 / 拿, 抓, 取;起作用

5.sunk: 凹陷的, 下陷的;完蛋了的, 無法挽救的;情緒低落的

saturated: 飽和的, 深顏色的, 滲透的 immersed: 浸入的;專注的;受浸禮的 drowned: 水淹的;淹死的 6.synopsis: 概要, 大意, 摘要

synthesis: 合成,綜合

symposium: 討論會;專題論文集;座談會;評論集 symmetry: 對稱, 勻稱, 調(diào)和 7.unprecedented: 空前的

unpredictable: 不可預(yù)知的

unexpected: 料想不到的, 意外的, 突然的 unforeseeable: 無法預(yù)見的,無法預(yù)料的 8.aspect: 外觀, 方向, 方面

shade: 蔭, 蔭涼處, 陰暗;遮光物 / 遮蔽, 使?jié)u變, 使陰暗;逐漸變化 phase: 時期, 階段, 局面 / 使調(diào)整相位, 實(shí)行, 逐步執(zhí)行 matter: 事件, 原因, 物質(zhì) / 有關(guān)系, 要緊;化膿 9.under consideration: 在考慮中

effect: 結(jié)果, 效果, 影響 / 造成;招致;產(chǎn)生;實(shí)現(xiàn), 達(dá)到 touch: 觸, 接觸, 觸覺 / 接觸, 觸及, 觸摸;涉及, 接近c(diǎn)oncern: 關(guān)心, 憂慮 / 涉及;關(guān)系到 hearing: 聽力;聽取意見;聽覺

10.profit: 利潤, 利益, 贏利 / 有益, 賺錢, 獲利;有益于

influence: 影響;勢力;感化 / 影響;改變 prosperity: 繁榮, 成功, 幸運(yùn) asset: 資產(chǎn);有用的東西 11.avenge: 為...報復(fù);報仇

revenge: 報仇, 報復(fù), 復(fù)仇 / 替...報仇, 復(fù)仇 avenue: 大街, 途徑, 林蔭路 imperil: 使陷于危險中,危及

justify: 替...辯護(hù), 證明;證明合法

ignite: 點(diǎn)燃, 使燃燒;使發(fā)光;使灼熱;激起;著火, 開始燃燒, 發(fā)火 12.baffle: 困惑;擋板;障礙;隔板 / 困惑, 使挫折, 為難

enchanted: 陶醉的;著了魔的;入迷的;施過魔法的 lull: 暫停, 稍息, 間歇 / 使平靜;使安靜;哄騙;變平靜 inspired: 有靈感的;得到啟示的 13.behold: 看到, 注視;看

endow: 捐贈, 賦予, 捐助

mystify: 使神秘化, 迷惑, 使難解

preface: 序文, 前言, 緒言 / 為...加序言;作為...的開端 14.bestow: 授予,適用;給予;安放

overflow: 泛濫,溢出,充溢 / 溢值,超值,泛濫;充足, 足夠;多余, 過剩 15.impending: 逼迫的, 懸空的, 迫切的

install: 安裝;使就職;安置

(install to: 安裝到)attached: 依戀的, 充滿愛心的;附屬的;歸屬的(attach to: 加入,依附,附屬)loaded: 有負(fù)載的,裝著貨的,裝有彈藥的,加重的 inspect: 檢查;檢閱;審查;視察 16.discrepancy: 相差;矛盾;差異

disadvantage: 缺點(diǎn), 壞處, 不利 / 使處于不利地位;損害 misunderstanding: 誤會;誤解 17.at that: 而且

after all: 畢竟;到底;終究 at all: 絲毫;究竟;根本 as yet: 迄今為止 as well: 也;又;還

18.attentive: 注意的, 留意的

by and large: 總的來說(從各方面來看,大體上,基本上,全面地)above all: 首先;最重要的是;尤其是 by the way: 順便說,順便問一下 in a word: 總而言之

in general: 總之(一般,通常,一般說來)19.at my wit’s end: 束手無策;不知所措 at a loss: 困惑,不知所措 at last: 終于,最后 wit: 智力,才智

20.haste: 急速,急忙 / 趕緊, 匆忙;催促

paradox: 似非而是的論點(diǎn), 自相矛盾的話;逆說, 悖論 orthodox: 正統(tǒng)的, 慣常的, 傳統(tǒng)的

quest: 探索,尋求 / 尋求;探求;請求, 要求 clue: 線索, 提示, 跡象 / 為...提供線索;為...提供情況, 告知

Drill 2 1.alone: 單獨(dú)的, 獨(dú)自的;單單;僅, 只有 / 獨(dú)自地

personal: 人事消息欄;人稱代名詞 / 私人的, 身體的, 親自的 peculiar: 奇怪的,古怪的,特殊的,獨(dú)特的;罕見的 private: 私人的, 私立的, 秘密的

2.secondary effects: 次級效應(yīng), 次要效果 side effects: 副作用

subsidiary: 輔助的, 附帶的;隸屬的, 附設(shè)的;次要的;貼補(bǔ)的 3.put down: 放下;鎮(zhèn)壓;拒絕 send out: 發(fā)送;放出;派遣

write off: 一口氣寫成;注銷;寫信寄出 throw away: 扔掉,拋棄 4.on account of: 由于;因?yàn)?/p>

in accordance with: 與...一致;依照 with reference to: 關(guān)于(根據(jù))in event of: 萬一,如果...發(fā)生

5.indifferent: 漠不關(guān)心的, 中立的, 無重要性的 6.put to: 應(yīng)用(增加,連接,著手,套上,委托,強(qiáng)迫)direct to: 指向(對著,送往,寄往,呈送,呈交)adapt to: 適應(yīng)

place: 地方,處境,職務(wù) / 放置,任命,安排 7.sensible: 有感覺的, 明智的, 有判斷力的

afford: 給予;供應(yīng)得起;提供

offer: 提供, 貢獻(xiàn), 出價;出現(xiàn), 提議, 獻(xiàn)祭;/ 出價, 意圖, 提議 8.pave: 鋪設(shè), 為...鋪路, 安排

suggest: 提議, 促成, 建議;提出

9.raise: 舉起, 抬起;提高;增加;提升;升起 / 加薪;提高, 升, 舉;高處

overcome: 戰(zhàn)勝, 勝過, 克服;得勝 10.region: 地區(qū),地域,地帶

scope: 范圍, 廣度, 機(jī)會

entrance: 入口, 門口;進(jìn)入的權(quán)利;進(jìn)入, 就任, 登場;入學(xué)許可 area: 地區(qū),區(qū)域,面積,范圍 11.concede: 承認(rèn),讓步,退讓

stated: 指定的;定時的;定期的;交待明白的 admitted: 被承認(rèn)了的,公認(rèn)的 assigned: 給定的(賦予的,已知的)12.installment plan: 分期付款方式

monthly payment:(按每月付款方式分期償還的)月付款數(shù) piece by piece: 一部分一部分(一件件,逐漸)cash and carry: 現(xiàn)金出貨的

13.a man of modest means: 財產(chǎn)不多的人;中等收入的人

miserly: 吝嗇的;貪婪的

14.fabulous: 傳說的, 難以置信的, 無根據(jù)的 amazing: 令人驚異的 sad-ending: 悲情結(jié)局的

15.furrow: 犁溝,皺紋;/ 犁;弄縐;耕;犁田;形成車轍;開溝;犁出浪跡

mark: 痕跡;瘢疤;污點(diǎn);記號;分?jǐn)?shù)/做記號于;標(biāo)明;留痕跡于;標(biāo)志;留下痕跡, 弄污;注意;作記號

impression: 印象, 蓋印, 意念

trench: 溝渠, 管溝, 塹壕 / 蠶食, 侵犯, 挖;挖戰(zhàn)壕, 侵犯, 接近16.shine——shone——shone: 照耀, 發(fā)亮, 發(fā)光;使發(fā)光

unsteadily: 不平穩(wěn)地;不規(guī)則地;易變地;反復(fù)無常地 ruffled: 有褶飾邊的

litter: 亂丟;弄亂;鋪草;產(chǎn)仔;亂丟垃圾 / 垃圾, 雜亂, 轎

flicker: 閃爍,閃光,顫動 / 閃動,閃爍,搖動;忽隱忽現(xiàn);使閃爍不定 tickle: 搔, 發(fā)癢, 胳肢 / 胳肢,發(fā)癢,使快樂 17.flawed: 有缺點(diǎn)的;錯誤的

imperfect: 不完美的;有瑕疵的;有缺點(diǎn)的;不完整的 discard: 丟棄, 解雇, 拋棄;去牌;墊牌 / 墊牌, 拋棄 18.simple: 簡單的,簡樸的,單純的

rustic: 鄉(xiāng)村的, 手工粗糙的, 純樸的 wayward: 任性的, 剛愎的, 不定的 greedy: 貪吃的;渴望的;貪婪的 exclusive: 獨(dú)占的, 排外的, 唯一的 19.eloquence: 雄辯;修辭;口才

skeptical: 懷疑的

sketch: 素描, 小品, 草圖 / 描繪略圖,寫生 ignorant: 不知道的,無知的,愚昧的 unconvinced: 不信服的;可疑的 20.at odds: 爭吵(不和,不一致)in trouble: 處于困境 in minority: 占少數(shù)

strangeness: 陌生;不可思議;奇妙 Drill 3 1.contaminate: 弄臟;毒害;污染;使受毒氣影響

decay: 腐朽, 腐爛;衰敗;蛀牙;衰退 / 使腐朽, 使腐爛;使蛀壞 mouldy: 發(fā)霉的;舊式的;腐朽的 stale: 不新鮮的;疲倦的;陳腐的 2.abstain from: 戒;棄權(quán);避免

decline: 下降;衰退, 衰落;減少;最后部分 / 下降, 下跌;衰退, 衰落;減少;傾斜;婉拒

dodge: 閃避, 閃身躲開;躲避, 巧妙地回避;閃開 elude: 逃避, 使困惑, 規(guī)避

3.applicable: 可應(yīng)用的;可適用的;合適的,適用的

congenial: 同性質(zhì)的, 趣味相同的, 適意的 eligible: 符合條件的;合格的 convenient: 方便的, 合宜的 5.sign: 符號,正負(fù)號,手勢,跡象,招牌 / 簽，做手勢，做標(biāo)記 6.emotion: 情緒, 強(qiáng)烈的情感, 激動

tone: 音調(diào),語氣,品質(zhì) / 用某種調(diào)子說;給...定調(diào)子;裝腔作勢地說;給定音調(diào);呈現(xiàn)悅目色調(diào);顏色調(diào)和

mood: 心情,情緒,語氣;心境;基調(diào), 色調(diào)

sense: 感官;感覺;官能;意識 / 感到, 認(rèn)識, 理解

7.special: 特別的, 特殊的;額外的, 增設(shè)的;專門的, 專用的;具體的

exhaustive: 無遺漏的;詳盡的;徹底的 peculiar: 奇怪的,古怪的,特殊的,獨(dú)特的 particular: 特別的, 挑剔的, 獨(dú)有的

8.give sb.away: 暴露(自己的真實(shí)情況或身份),出賣 give off: 發(fā)出;長出;放出,排出

give sb.up: 把...送交,表示對..不抱希望,不與某人來往 give out: 分發(fā);公布;用盡 9.pigment: 色素, 顏料

blush: 臉紅, 羞愧

shade: 逐漸變化;色度

10.take on: 穿上;承擔(dān);呈現(xiàn);接受

take to: 喜愛(開始從事,養(yǎng)成,走向,容易學(xué)會)take in: 接受(理解,包括,定閱,欺騙,收進(jìn),吸收,對...加以考慮)take down: 寫下;病倒;記下

11.lodge: 安頓, 提出, 容納;臨時住宿, 寄宿, 倒伏

invisible: 看不見的;無形的 blurry: 模糊的;污斑的;污臟的 deposit: 存放;堆積;沉淀

isolate: 使隔離;使絕緣;使孤立 12.slope: 斜坡, 傾斜, 斜面

slant: 傾斜,斜面, 歪斜;偏見;觀點(diǎn), 傾向, 看法;一瞥;pit: 深坑,核,礦井,陷阱,(英國劇場的)正廳后排 surface: 面, 表面;外觀, 外表;水面 curve: 曲線, 曲球, 彎曲

13.turn over: 滾動(翻過來,營業(yè)額為,周轉(zhuǎn),移交,翻閱);傾覆

foster: 養(yǎng)育;培養(yǎng);撫育

flutter: 擺動, 煩擾, 鼓翼;拍;使焦急

flip: 擲;輕擊;彈;用指輕彈, 蹦跳, 抽打 / 無禮的;輕率的;冒失的

skip: 跳來跳去, 蹦蹦跳跳;跳繩;跳躍;略過;躍過, 跳過;使掠過水面;跳 14.buckle: 使彎曲;屈服,變彎曲

scratch: 搔癢,抓,抹掉

bent(bend): 使彎曲, 使屈服;彎曲, 屈服

tarnished: 暗晦了的;有污點(diǎn)的(tarnish: 使生銹,沾污)install: 安裝;使就職;安置

15.ponder: 仔細(xì)考慮;反思, 回想;衡量;沉思, 默想;scheme: 計劃;策劃, 密謀;設(shè)計;擬訂計劃;搞陰謀

deliberately: 慎重地;故意地, 蓄意地;謹(jǐn)慎地;從容不迫地, 不慌不忙地 16.raze: 毀滅, 把...夷為平地, 刮去

construct: 建造;創(chuàng)立;構(gòu)造

demolish: 毀壞, 破壞;推翻, 打敗;拆除;駁倒 17.incessant: 不斷的;不停的

unexpected: 料想不到的, 意外的, 突然的 18.maim: 使殘廢, 使傷殘, 使不能工作

intended: 有意的, 已訂婚的, 故意的 expanded: 展開的;擴(kuò)充的 crippled: 跛腿的, 殘廢的 19.ebb: 潮退;衰退

vanish: 消失, 成為零, 突然不見

flood: 使泛濫, 淹沒, 注滿;被淹, 涌進(jìn), 溢出 flow back: 回流

20.partake of: 參加;分享(吃完,帶有一點(diǎn))swallow up: 吞下去(耗盡,吞沒)Drill 4 1.query: 疑問, 質(zhì)問;預(yù)定;疑問號

hint: 暗示, 提示

clue: 線索, 提示, 跡象;情節(jié) 2.get down to: 開始,著手

take up with: 采納,開始與...來往,同意,贊成 get off with: 結(jié)識,與（異性）交好 put down to: 歸因于

3.junk: 廢棄的舊物;垃圾;假貨;廢話;平底帆船, 舢板

litter: 垃圾, 雜亂, 轎

scrap: 碎片, 些微, 殘余物;爭吵, 打架 deposit: 存款, 堆積物, 定金 4.commemorate: 紀(jì)念;慶祝

memorize: 記住, 記下, 記錄 remind: 提醒;使想起, 使記起

5.hold: 抓住, 握住;可手攀的東西, 支撐點(diǎn);握法;掌握;延遲, 延期

grip: 緊握;夾住;緊咬;理解;掌握;把手;控制 grasp: 抓住, 領(lǐng)會, 緊握;掌握

seizure: 抓住, 捉住;占領(lǐng);奪取;沒收

6.barn: 谷倉, 糧倉;大車庫, 大車棚;馬房, 牛舍

stable: 馬廄,馬棚 / 穩(wěn)定的, 牢固的;可靠的, 穩(wěn)重的, 可信賴的;平穩(wěn)的;堅(jiān)定的 kennel: 狗舍,狗屋,溝

shed: 車棚,小屋,脫落之物

7.drain: 排出溝外;耗盡;喝干;排水;流干

drop: 滴下;掉下;落下;下降;使滴下, 丟失, 放下 spill: 使溢出;灑;使散落;溢出;充滿;涌流

drip: 滴下;漏下, 撒下;滴水, 濕淋淋, 滴下液體;充溢, 充滿;使滴下;溢出, 發(fā)出 8.rinse: 以清水沖洗, 漂清, 漱

wipe: 擦,消除,拭去 sweep: 掃;掃去;清掃, 打掃;清除;掃, 襲擊, 打掃 scrub: 用力擦洗, 摩擦, 擦掉;擦洗干凈, 進(jìn)行手臂消毒 9.absorbed: 專心一意的;被吸收的;全神貫注的

attentive: 注意的, 留意的 consumed: 對著迷的;充滿的 intent: 專心的;熱心的;決心的

10.appeal: 訴請;求助;要求;對...上訴, 將...上訴 / 請求, 呼吁;上訴;感染力, 吸引力;訴諸裁判

claim: 要求,請求,主張,聲稱,說明,斷言

beg: 乞討;請;請求, 懇求;假定...為正確;乞討;請求, 懇求

plead: 辯護(hù), 懇求;為辯護(hù);以...為理由, 以...為口實(shí);作為答辯提出;承認(rèn)(plead with: 懇求)plea: 懇求, 辯解, 請求

12.intrepid: 無畏的, 豪勇的, 勇猛的

fearless: 大膽的, 無畏的, 勇敢的 reliable: 可靠的, 可信賴的

fearsome: 嚇人的, 害怕的, 可怕的

13.explicit: 詳盡的;明確的;清楚的;直率的

definite: 明確的;一定的

deficient: 有缺陷的;不足的, 缺乏的;有缺點(diǎn)的 harsh: 粗糙的, 嚴(yán)厲的, 刺耳的 imprecise: 不嚴(yán)密的;不精確的

14.germinate: 使發(fā)芽, 使發(fā)達(dá);發(fā)芽, 開始發(fā)育, 萌芽

deteriorate: 使惡化;使退化;使下降;使墮落;惡化;退化;質(zhì)量下降;墮落 rot: 腐爛, 墮落, 爛;使腐爛, 使墮落, 使腐朽

bloom: 開花;青春煥發(fā);生長茂盛;容光煥發(fā);使茂盛, 煉成鋼坯 boom: 激增, 暴漲;聲音隆隆而過;迅速發(fā)展, 興旺;使出名 15.meet with: 碰見(遇到,經(jīng)受)protest: 力言, 聲明, 斷言;聲明拒付;抗議, 對...提出異議;抗議, 反對;personnel: 人員, 職員 / 個人的,人事的 scholarship: 學(xué)問, 獎學(xué)金, 學(xué)術(shù)成就 grievance: 不滿, 不平;抱怨, 牢騷

16.vulnerable: 易受傷害的, 易受攻擊的, 有弱點(diǎn)的

susceptible: 易被感動的, 易動感情的;易受...影響的;多情的;敏感的, 過敏的 futile: 無用的, 無效果的, 瑣細(xì)的 feasible: 能實(shí)行的, 適宜的, 可行的

17.acclaim: 歡呼;稱贊;喝彩 / 向...歡呼;稱贊;為...喝彩;宣布;歡呼;喝彩

witty: 富于機(jī)智的, 詼諧的

colorful: 華美的;有趣的;色彩的

18.affluent: 富裕的;富饒的;豐富的;流暢的

advanced: 在前面的;開明的;先進(jìn)的;高級的, 高等的;年老的 19.impromptu: 即席的,即興的

unrehearsed: 未經(jīng)排練的 forceful: 有力的, 強(qiáng)烈的 unrestrained: 沒有抑制的, 放縱的, 無限制的 absurd: 不合理的, 荒謬的;可笑的, 愚蠢的

remark: 備注, 注意, 評論 / 評論, 談及, 注意;談?wù)? 議論 20.inert: 惰性的, 無生命的, 遲鈍的

inflammable: 易燃的;易怒的

Drill 5 1.temptation: 誘惑, 誘惑物

obstruct: 阻隔, 阻塞, 妨礙

resist：抵抗,耐得住,壓制;忍耐, 忍住

struggle: 努力, 掙扎, 奮斗;盡力使得, 使勁移動 challenge: 向...挑戰(zhàn), 懷疑, 要求;挑戰(zhàn), 反對 2.practice: 練習(xí),習(xí)慣, 實(shí)行

intention: 意圖, 目的, 意向;意思, 含義;求婚意圖;愈合 state: 狀況, 狀態(tài);形勢;情況;形態(tài) occasion: 場合, 機(jī)會, 時機(jī) 3.arouse: 喚醒,鼓勵,引起

arise: 升起, 上升;起立;產(chǎn)生, 形成, 出現(xiàn);復(fù)活 raise: 舉起, 抬起;提高;增加;提升;升起;飼養(yǎng) rise: 上升;上漲;升起;升高;使飛起 4.base material: 基材;基體材料;基質(zhì)

prime material: 打底材料;首涂材料

(prime: 最初的;基本的;原始的;原有的)raw material: 原料

rough material: 粗制材料 5.capacity: 容量, 才能, 能力

opening: 開始;開會;開始的部分;公開, 空曠, 戶外 range: 山脈, 范圍, 行列 scope: 范圍, 廣度, 機(jī)會

6.dispose: 處理, 布置, 排列;處置, 決定

dispose of: 解決, 處理;除去, 扔掉;讓或賣掉 7.obtain: 得到, 獲得;得到公認(rèn);流行;通用;存在

benefit from: 得益于;從...得到好處 8.proficiency: 精通;熟練

capability: 能力, 才能;耐受力;性能, 功能;潛力, 未展現(xiàn)的特色 strength: 力量,力氣,長處,強(qiáng)度;效力;實(shí)力 capacity: 容量, 才能, 能力;生產(chǎn)能力；產(chǎn)能 9.loss: 損失;失敗;遺失;喪失, 損耗

poverty: 貧窮, 缺乏, 貧困 scarcity: 缺乏,不足,缺少

10.reject: 拒絕, 抵制;駁回;去除, 丟棄;否決

deny: 否定, 否認(rèn);拒絕...的要求;拒絕給予;節(jié)制 withhold: 扣留, 抑制, 保留;忍住 deprive: 剝奪;使喪失

11.jerk: 痙攣,急拉,急推,急動;顛簸, 搖晃;猛推

clap: 鼓掌,輕敲 rub: 擦, 摩擦, 搓;擦破

abruptly: 突然地;唐突地, 魯莽地;意外地;陡峭地 12.subsequent: 隨后的,后來的 13.dubious: 可疑的;不確定的

confident: 有信心的, 有把握的

articulate: 明確有力地表達(dá);清楚地講話；使成為系統(tǒng)的整體;用關(guān)節(jié)連接起來;接合 14.depression: 不景氣, 沮喪, 消沉

uneasiness: 擔(dān)心;局促;不安;拘束

gratification: 滿足;喜悅;滿意;使人滿意之事 absorption: 專心, 熱中, 吸收 15.bashful: 害羞的

haughty: 傲慢的, 不遜的, 驕傲的 discreet: 小心的, 樸素的, 慎重的 timid: 膽怯的,害羞的

16.evacuate: 疏散,撤出,排泄

notify: 通知, 報告, 通告

remove: 移動, 搬開;搬家;離開;脫掉;去掉, 消除;遷移, 調(diào)動 17.apparel: 衣服, 服裝;外觀;衣著

manner: 樣子,禮貌,風(fēng)格,方式 18.apprehension: 恐懼, 逮捕, 理解

eagerness: 渴望;熱切;熱心

hesitation: 躊躇, 猶豫;口吃;含糊

19.singular: 單數(shù)的;獨(dú)個的;單一的;非凡的, 卓越的

funny: 好笑的, 滑稽的, 有趣的

peculiar: 奇怪的,古怪的,特殊的,獨(dú)特的 20.canyon: 峽谷;溪谷

barn: 谷倉, 糧倉;大車庫, 大車棚;馬房, 牛舍 valley: 山谷, 流域, 溪谷 Practice test 1 1.blend: 使混和, 使混雜;使交融;協(xié)調(diào), 相稱;

fill up: 填補(bǔ);淤積;裝滿 mix up: 混淆;調(diào)好

2.as against: 比...(對照...)as regards: 關(guān)于;至于 as with: 正如，與...一樣 as from: 從...時起

3.insistent: 堅(jiān)持的, 顯著的, 迫切的

resistant: 抵抗的;防...的;抗...的 assistant: 輔助的, 副的, 有幫助的 persistent: 固執(zhí)的, 持續(xù)的, 堅(jiān)持的 4.get along: 生活;進(jìn)展;融洽相處 get through: 到達(dá);通過;做完

get about: 徘徊(傳播);（消息）傳開，到處走動

get over: 克服;把...忘懷;從中恢復(fù)過來;熬過 5.capricious: 反覆無常的, 任性的, 善變的

amusing: 有趣的,引人發(fā)笑的

instinctive: 本能的, 直覺的, 天生的 carefree: 無憂無慮的, 不負(fù)責(zé)的 6.imprudence: 輕率行為

impudence: 輕率;厚顏無恥 impunity: 不受懲罰, 無患, 無事 implicit: 暗示的;含蓄的;盲從的

7.documentation: 文件;資料;憑證;史實(shí)

recommendation: 推薦;勸告, 建議;推薦信, 介紹信;優(yōu)點(diǎn), 長處 mediation: 仲裁;調(diào)解;調(diào)停 pre-election: 預(yù)選

commit: 委托(托付),犯罪,作...事,承諾 9.stoic: 堅(jiān)忍克己之人;禁欲的;quack: 庸醫(yī), 騙子;江湖醫(yī)生;冒充內(nèi)行的人 swindler: 騙子

blockhead: 笨蛋, 傻子 10.with a run: 突然

crisis: 危機(jī), 緊要關(guān)頭, 危險期

11.spring into: 投入戰(zhàn)斗;立刻行動起來;干起來 vivacious: 活潑的, 多年生的, 快活的

enthusiastic: 狂熱的, 熱烈的, 熱心的;熱情的 sturdy: 強(qiáng)健的, 健全的;毫不含糊的, 堅(jiān)定的 languid: 疲倦的, 陰沉的, 無力的 lively: 潑的, 生動的, 鮮明的 12.definition: 定義, 清晰度, 精確度

dearth: 缺乏, 饑謹(jǐn), 糧食不足 13.dispense: 分發(fā);分配;免除;省掉

distribute: 分發(fā);散布;分配 congeal: 凍結(jié);癱瘓;凝結(jié);rinse: 以清水沖洗, 漂清, 漱

compensate: 補(bǔ)償, 賠償;酬報;償還;抵消 14.the small hours: 深夜(午夜剛過的一段時間)15.lucid: 明白易懂的,清晰的,頭腦清楚的

fabulous: 傳說的, 難以置信的, 無根據(jù)的 astounding: 令人驚駭?shù)?/p>

contradictory: 反駁的;抗辯的;反對的;互相矛盾的 16.rendition: 譯文;表演;解釋;演奏

interpretation: 解釋, 翻譯, 演出 imitation: 模仿;冒充;效法

reparation: 補(bǔ)償;賠償金;賠償;賠款 17.complexion: 膚色, 局面, 情況

clue: 線索, 提示, 跡象;情節(jié) 18.trace back: 追溯 advance: 使向前移動;將...提前;推進(jìn), 促進(jìn);預(yù)付;前進(jìn);進(jìn)展;進(jìn)步 intricate: 復(fù)雜的,錯綜的,纏結(jié)的,難懂的 speculation: 思索;推測;沉思;投機(jī)

intrinsic: 本身的;固有的;本質(zhì)的;內(nèi)在的 fancy: 想像的, 新奇的, 精美的 manifest: 顯然的;明白的 19.oversee: 向下看, 監(jiān)督, 了望

spring up: 跳起(發(fā)生,萌芽,出現(xiàn))supervise: 監(jiān)督;指導(dǎo);管理 overlook: 俯瞰, 沒注意到, 遠(yuǎn)眺 outlook: 觀點(diǎn),見解,展望,前景

emphasize: 強(qiáng)調(diào), 著重, 加強(qiáng)語氣 evaluate: 評估, 賦值, 評價

20.authenticity: 確實(shí)性,真實(shí)性;可信賴性

practicability: 實(shí)用性;可行性 feasibility: 可行性;可能性

genuineness: 真實(shí);真誠;名副其實(shí);真心 exactness: 確切;精密;精確 Practice test 2 1.put to bed: 使上床;安置...上床睡覺

take to bed: 臥床

lay on the bed: 躺在床上

get up out of the wrong side of the bed: 有什么(發(fā)生了)不愉快的事 2.go a long way toward: 大大有利于,對...大有用處

3.involve with: 涉及

(involve: 包含,含有,使陷入,使卷入,牽涉)tamper with: 竄改

(tamper: 損害, 削弱;影響;竄改;賄賂;篡改)saturate with: 使飽和

(saturate: 浸透;使?jié)裢?滲透;使充滿)4.quit: 離開, 解除, 放棄;離開, 停止, 辭職

abstain from: 戒;棄權(quán);避免

(abstain: 戒;避開;自制, 棄權(quán))isolate from: 使隔離

(isolate: 使隔離;使絕緣;使孤立)attach: 附上,系上,貼上,使依戀 5 stipulate: 規(guī)定;約定

erode: 腐蝕, 侵蝕;受腐蝕

eradicate: 根除, 根絕, 撲滅

extort: 勒索,敲詐,強(qiáng)要

extract: 摘錄, 吸取, 析取

6.available: 可用的,有效的,空閑的

hostile: 懷敵意的, 敵對的

hospitable: 好客的, 招待周到的;殷勤的;熱情的 attractive: 吸引人的;有魅力的 8.normal delivery: 正常交付;正常分娩

regular delivery: 正常發(fā)貨

express delivery: 限時專送,快遞 general delivery: 郵件的存局候領(lǐng) special delivery: 郵件快遞

9.disillusion: 使醒悟, 使幻想破滅

contemptuous: 輕蔑的, 瞧不起人的, 侮辱的 disinterested: 無私欲的,廉潔的,公平的 disbelieving: 懷疑的, 不相信的

10.go to any lengths to: 竭盡全力，不惜一切代價 11.per se: 本身;本質(zhì)上 by itself: 單獨(dú)地,獨(dú)自地

itself: 它自己;它自身, 它本身(是代詞，而不是副詞)12.avidly: 熱望地;渴望地;貪婪地;貪心地

eagerly: 渴望地;熱切地

aversive: 反感的, 嫌惡的;避開的 casually: 偶然地,臨時地,隨便地 intensively: 強(qiáng)烈地;集中地 13.by crisis: 驟然地

by lysis: 逐漸地

all of a sudden: 突然地;出乎意料地 by degrees: 漸漸;逐漸 14.assume: 假定,設(shè)想,承擔(dān)

mucous: 粘液的;粘的;分泌粘液的 give rise to: 引起(使發(fā)生,導(dǎo)致)secondary diseases: 繼發(fā)病

trickle: 滴流, 細(xì)細(xì)地流;使滴, 使細(xì)流 trigger：引發(fā), 觸發(fā), 引起

triplicate: 使成三倍;把...作成一式三份 trifle: 開玩笑, 玩忽, 閑聊;浪費(fèi);虛度

15.incontrovertible: 無可爭議的;明白的;無疑的

unquestionable: 無疑問的, 無可挑剔的, 確實(shí)的 inconsistent: 不一致的, 矛盾的, 不合理的unconfirmed: 未經(jīng)認(rèn)可的;未經(jīng)證實(shí)的 incredulous: 懷疑的, 不輕信的 16.essential: 必要的, 本質(zhì)的, 重要的

accessory: 附加的, 附屬的;幫兇的, 同謀的;輔助的;非主要的 massive: 大而重的, 宏偉的, 寬大的 resolute: 堅(jiān)決的,果斷的

17.plethora: 過多, 多血癥, 過剩

category: 種類;范疇;類別 core: 果心,核心,要點(diǎn)

18.phenomenon: 現(xiàn)象;非凡的人, 稀有的事, 奇跡

pneumonia: 肺炎

prophecy: 預(yù)言, 預(yù)言能力

enticement: 引誘;引誘物;慫恿

observable: 看得見的;應(yīng)遵守的;顯著的;可奉行的 occurrence: 發(fā)生,事件,發(fā)現(xiàn) 19.be tailored to: 加以修改來迎合

illuminate: 照明,闡釋,說明

aggravate: 加重;使惡化;增劇;激怒 confine: 限制, 禁閉, 閉居;鄰接, 接壤 20.deficiency: 缺乏;不足

feebleness: 衰弱, 無力, 虛弱 prevalence: 傳播,流行,普及

irritation: 激怒, 生氣, 惱怒;惱人事;刺激物;刺激

Practice test 3 1.frustrated: 挫敗的;泄氣的;失意的

depressed: 沮喪的;降低的

approved: 被認(rèn)可的;經(jīng)過檢驗(yàn)的;眾所公認(rèn)的

distracted: 心煩意亂的(distract: 轉(zhuǎn)移, 使發(fā)狂, 分心)2.promise to: 許諾或答應(yīng)做某事 commit to: 把...托付給,把...置于 attribute to: 歸因于

convert to: 改變?yōu)?轉(zhuǎn)換成,兌換為)3.in honor of: 為紀(jì)念(為向...表示敬意,為慶祝)in search of: 尋找,尋求 in place of: 代替

in favor of: 贊成(支持,有利于,較大)4.accomplishment: 成就;教養(yǎng), 才藝;成績;造詣

qualification: 資格, 限制, 條件

eminence: 顯赫, 高處, 崇高

patent: 專利權(quán), 專利品, 執(zhí)照 5.tailor: 使合適;修改;使...適應(yīng)

administrate: 給予,投(藥),經(jīng)營,實(shí)施,掌管,料理 entail: 使必需;使承擔(dān);使蒙受 accustom: 使習(xí)慣于 in circulation: 在流通中(在傳播中)under consideration: 在考慮中 on hand: 在手頭;在場;即將發(fā)生 at stake: 在危險中;在危急關(guān)頭 7.plain: 簡單的,平常的, 明白的

wholesome: 有益健康的, 健全的, 合乎衛(wèi)生的

tasteful: 鑒賞力的, 有審美力的;雅致的, 優(yōu)美的, 高雅的;有滋味的,好吃的 edible: 可食用的

8.show up: 揭露;露面;露出 pile up: 堆積;擱淺;積累 put on weight: 體重增加 take on: 穿上;承擔(dān);呈現(xiàn)

9.irregular: 不規(guī)則的, 不合法的, 不整齊的

illiterate: 不識字的;沒受教育的 illegible: 難辨認(rèn)的;字跡模糊的 irrational: 無理性的, 不合理的 handwriting: 筆跡;書法;書寫體 10.denote: 指示,表示

donate: 捐獻(xiàn), 捐贈

relate: 講,敘述,使聯(lián)系,有關(guān)系 resort: 訴諸, 求助, 憑借;經(jīng)常去

11.alarming: 驚人的;告急的;令人擔(dān)憂的

appalling: 令人震驚的;駭人的, 可怕的;十分低劣的 appealing: 上訴的;有魅力的;哀求的;動人的 alert: 靈敏的, 警覺的, 留心的

12.contaminate: 弄臟;毒害;污染;使受毒氣影響

purify: 純凈,凈化,去除 multiply: 繁殖,乘,增加

taint: 污染,中毒;腐敗;敗壞

blend: 混和, 混雜;協(xié)調(diào), 相稱;交融 13.liberty: 自由;隨意;特權(quán)

democracy: 民主,民主制,民主國家 variety: 變化, 種種, 多樣性 origin: 起源;起因;由來;出身 diversity: 差異;多樣性 14.controversy: 爭論,爭議

resentment: 憤慨, 怨恨, 忿怒

consensus: 一致;輿論;合意;共識 notion: 概念, 想法, 觀念 dispute: 爭論

15.retreat: 撤退, 退卻;使往后移;使后退

retrieve: 取回,恢復(fù),補(bǔ)償

sprawl: 伸開四肢躺;蔓生, 蔓延;笨拙地爬行;無計劃地擴(kuò)展

consume: 消耗;消滅;消費(fèi);消滅;毀滅 withdraw: 撤回, 撤消, 取回;撤退, 離開 16.catastrophic: 悲慘的,災(zāi)難的

influential: 有影響的;有勢力的

disastrous: 災(zāi)難性的;損失慘重的;悲傷的 apparent: 明顯的,表面上的

critical: 批評的,決定性的,危險的,挑剔的 17.potent: 強(qiáng)有力的;有效的

bitter: 苦的,痛苦的

irritant: 刺激的, 刺激性的

effective: 有效的, 實(shí)際的, 有力的 powerful: 強(qiáng)有力的;有權(quán)力的 transient: 短暫的;瞬間的;一時的;暫住的, 路過的

permanent: 永久的, 固定的, 不變的 residual: 剩余的, 殘留的

irreversible: 不可逆的;不能取消的;不能翻轉(zhuǎn)的;不能倒置的

fleeting: 快速的;轉(zhuǎn)瞬即逝的;敏捷的;短暫的 19.stem from: 源于(基于,出于)inconsiderately: 不替別人考慮地,考慮不周地,輕率地 give rise to: 引起(使發(fā)生,導(dǎo)致)originate in: 起源于(發(fā)生于)dominate over: 超過,凌駕,支配 20.heredity: 遺傳;形質(zhì)遺傳

shape: 定形,使...成形,塑造;形成;成長, 發(fā)展

Practice test 4 1.clutch: 抓住;攫取;踩汽車之離合器,孵小雞

clarify: 澄清,闡明,使...明晰 clap: 鼓掌,輕敲

clash: 沖突, 抵觸;使發(fā)出撞擊聲 2.cigarette stub: 煙蒂

ignore: 不顧,不理,忽視 immerse: 沉浸;使陷入 illuminate: 照明,闡釋,說明

ignite: 點(diǎn)燃, 使燃燒;使發(fā)光;使灼熱;激起;著火, 開始燃燒, 發(fā)火 3.serve to: 用來(足以)retard: 延遲, 阻止, 使減速;減慢;受到阻滯 revolve: 旋轉(zhuǎn),考慮,循環(huán)

repel: 擊退;拒絕;驅(qū)除;排斥;使人厭惡, 使人反感;抵抗;相互排斥 replay: 重新進(jìn)行;重播;重演 4.guidance: 指導(dǎo);領(lǐng)導(dǎo);引導(dǎo)

desirable: 值得向往的;令人滿意的;值得擁有的;富有魅力的 apply for: 申請

apply to: 適用于;向...申請;運(yùn)用于 exploit: 功績, 勛績 / 開拓;開采;開發(fā) initiative: 開始的;創(chuàng)始的;初步的 5.resent: 憤恨, 怨恨, 憎惡

revive: 使蘇醒, 使振奮, 使復(fù)興;復(fù)活

sadden: 使悲傷;使黯淡;使難過;使陰暗;悲哀, 悲痛, 憂愁 solidify: 凝固,團(tuán)結(jié);使結(jié)晶;弄堅(jiān)固 6.confront with: 使面臨

fantastic: 極好的,難以相信的,奇異的,幻想的 formidable: 強(qiáng)大的, 艱難的, 可怕的 functional: 功能的

frustrated: 挫敗的;泄氣的;失意的 7.dismay: 使驚慌, 使氣餒, 使沮喪

disperse: 分散, 散開, 傳播;消散, 消失 dismount: 下車;下馬;使下馬;卸下;拆開 distress: 使悲痛, 使憂傷, 使苦惱;使貧困 8.infinite: 無窮的, 極大的, 無限的

infrared: 紅外線的 infectious: 有傳染性的;有感染力的;易傳染的 inherent: 固有的, 與生俱來的;內(nèi)在的 9.institute: 創(chuàng)立;制定;開始

initiate: 開始,創(chuàng)始,啟蒙;傳授;發(fā)動 uphold: 支撐, 鼓勵, 贊成

integrate: 綜合, 使成整體, 使結(jié)合;成一體 interface: 界面,接口 10.dialect: 方言;語調(diào)

apparent: 明顯的,表面上的 displace: 移置;取代;轉(zhuǎn)移

diversify: 使成形形色色,使多樣化,使變化;從事多種經(jīng)營 dread: 懼怕;擔(dān)心

thread: 穿線于, 穿過;通過;穿透過 threaten: 恐嚇, 預(yù)示...的兇兆, 威脅 dominate: 支配,占優(yōu)勢

11.substance: 物質(zhì), 主旨, 實(shí)質(zhì)

root: 根,根源

flavor: 味道;香料, 調(diào)味料;韻味, 風(fēng)味 powder: 粉,粉末

12.symptom: 癥狀, 征兆, 征候

diagnosis: 診斷

sign: 符號,手勢,跡象,招牌 anomaly: 異常,反常 retort: 反駁,回嘴,反擊

13.responsible: 有責(zé)任的, 責(zé)任重大的, 負(fù)責(zé)的

largely: 大部分,主要地 principally: 主要地

scarcely: 幾乎不,簡直沒有,勉強(qiáng)

rarely: 很少, 難得;出色地;異乎尋常地, 極度 hardly: 剛剛, 勉強(qiáng)是, 幾乎不 14.inflammation: 發(fā)炎,紅腫,炎癥

ailment: 小病,疾病 arthritis: 關(guān)節(jié)炎

digression: 離題;脫軌 malady: 病, 弊病, 疾病 lament: 悲嘆, 慟哭, 悔恨 menace: 威脅, 脅迫

15.maintenance: 維護(hù), 維修, 保持

upkeep: 維持, 維修費(fèi)

demise: 死亡;轉(zhuǎn)讓;終止;遺贈

cessation: 停止

downfall: 衰敗;大雨;垮臺 16.trauma: 外傷, 傷口;創(chuàng)傷

infection: 傳染, 傳染病, 影響

travail: 分娩的痛苦, 辛勞, 陣痛 17.tangible: 實(shí)體的, 有形的, 明白的

tangle: 纏結(jié),混亂 / 使纏結(jié),糾紛 elusive: 難懂的,易忘的,難捉摸的

concrete: 具體的,實(shí)在的;/ 水泥, 混凝土 / 凝結(jié),結(jié)合 vague: 含糊的, 茫然的, 不清楚的 fragile: 易碎的;脆的

18.consequence: 結(jié)果;推論;推理

outcome: 結(jié)果;后果;結(jié)局 origin: 起源;起因;由來;出身 source: 來源, 根源, 水源;起點(diǎn) resource: 資源, 辦法, 財力

19.array: 數(shù)組,排列,陳列,大批,一系列

morbid: 病態(tài)的,不正常的

disposal: 處理, 支配, 排列

(at one’s disposal: 由某人掌握，控制，使用)service: 為...服務(wù);支付利息;檢修, 保養(yǎng), 維護(hù) dissuasion: 勸止,諫言 settling: 解決,安頓,定居

dissension: 意見不合,糾紛,傾軋 20.adrenalin: 腎上腺素

spur: 刺激,激勵

depress: 使沮喪;壓低;使消沉 inhibit: 禁止, 抑制

retard: 延遲, 阻止, 使減速;減慢;受到阻滯 Practice test 5 1.landlord: 房東;地主;主人, 老板

tenant: 房客,佃戶

client: 客戶, 委托人, 顧客 proprietor: 所有者, 經(jīng)營者 2.swarm: 云集、充滿

wasp: 黃蜂, 易怒的人, 胡蜂

nuisance: 討厭的人或東西, 損害, 麻煩事 disturbance: 擾亂, 憂慮, 不安 annoyance: 煩惱, 討厭的事

3.refresh: 使清新, 使得到補(bǔ)充;消除...疲勞, 提起精神,恢復(fù)精神

recover: 恢復(fù),復(fù)原,補(bǔ)償

4.vision: 視覺, 眼光, 先見之明 / 夢見, 顯示, 想象

illusion: 幻覺,錯覺,錯誤的信仰(或觀念)5.work: 工作, 職業(yè), 勞動

career: 生涯,職業(yè),事業(yè) post: 郵件,標(biāo)竿,職位

employment: 雇用, 工作, 職業(yè)

6.sensible: 有感覺的, 明智的, 有判斷力的

tough: 強(qiáng)硬的, 堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的, 艱苦的;棘手的,嚴(yán)厲的 8.punch: 以拳重?fù)?開洞,剪票

slap: 拍擊,侮辱,申斥;摑...耳光, 用手掌打 whip: 鞭打,揮動,突然攫取

9.shiny: 有光澤的, 輝煌的, 發(fā)光的do over: 重做

do with: 與...相處;處理;忍受;對待

do out: 打掃,收拾

do up: 修繕(刷新,收拾,使整潔);打扮

10.bring forward: 提出(把...提前,涌現(xiàn)出,轉(zhuǎn)帳)

bring about: 帶來,發(fā)生,引起

bring on: 引起(使成長,發(fā)展,前進(jìn),提出)

bring up: 教育, 提出, 培養(yǎng) 11.retirement benefit: 退休金

bonus: 獎金;紅利 subsidy: 補(bǔ)助金, 津貼

commission: 傭金;任務(wù), 職權(quán), 權(quán)限;委任, 委托;委員會 pension: 退休金;撫恤金;養(yǎng)老金;津貼, 補(bǔ)助金 12.mounting: 逐漸增加的

torturing: 拷問的;使受苦的;使痛苦的 13.trivial: 瑣碎的,不重要的

significant: 有意義的,重要的,重大的 influential: 有權(quán)勢的,有影響的

critical: 批評的,決定性的,危險的,挑剔的 14.terror: 恐怖, 恐怖時期, 可怕的人

in spasms: 間歇出現(xiàn)

as it were: 宛如;好像;可以說,在某種程度上

by accident: 偶然

by fits: 間歇地

15.trouble with: 在...方面有困難(在...方面有麻煩)solitary: 單獨(dú)的, 獨(dú)自的;隱居的;單個的, 唯一的;孤獨(dú)的 hot-tempered: 性急的, 易怒的, 暴躁的 lonely: 孤單的, 荒涼的, 孤寂的

talkative: 喜歡說話的;健談的;饒舌的, 多嘴的 sociable: 好交際的, 增進(jìn)友誼的, 友善的, 社交的 16.utmost: 極度的,最遠(yuǎn)的 / 極限, 極端, 最大限度

amount to: 總計為;相當(dāng)于;意味著

17.desirable: 值得向往的;令人滿意的;值得擁有的;富有魅力的 18.integrity: 誠實(shí),正直,完整,完善;廉正

upright: 正直的, 合乎正道的, 誠實(shí)的 / 垂直, 豎立 19.seize: 抓住;奪取;捉住;攻占, 卡住, 咬住

dread: 恐懼, 可怕的事, 可怕的人 / 懼怕;擔(dān)心 / 可怕的,可怖的 overjoyed: 狂喜的, 極度高興的 frightened: 受驚的;受恐嚇的 20.excursion: 遠(yuǎn)足;短程旅行;游覽 symposium: 討論會;專題論文集;座談會;評論集 04 年真題

1.imaginable: 可想像的,可能的

imaginary: 想像中的;幻想的;虛構(gòu)的;虛數(shù)的imaginative: 富于想象力的imagining: 想像,幻想,猜測

2.dismiss: 解散;開除;下課;駁回

eliminate: 除去, 剔除, 排除 3.actress: 女演員

prosecute: 進(jìn)行,實(shí)行,起訴 ratify: 批準(zhǔn);認(rèn)可

violate: 違犯, 冒犯, 褻瀆

4.admission: 許可,入會費(fèi), 承認(rèn)

(admission office:入院處；招生辦)inquiry: 打聽,詢問,調(diào)查,查問

annoy: 使生氣, 惹惱;困擾, 打攪;使煩惱;令人討厭

thrill: 震顫,抖顫,激動

trample: 踩, 踐踏;蔑視;蹂躪;傷害 reproach: 責(zé)備, 使丟臉, 申斥

5.candidacy: 候選人的地位,候選資格

enforce: 強(qiáng)迫;堅(jiān)持;執(zhí)行 endorse: 支持,贊同,背書于

follow up: 窮追, 把...探究到底;跟蹤,重復(fù)補(bǔ)充,繼承,監(jiān)督,貫徹到底 put forward: 放出;提出;拿出

6.heroism: 英雄品質(zhì);勇敢的事跡;英勇

earn: 賺得,獲得,博得

bestow: 授予,適用

(bestow upon: 授予)(這是習(xí)慣搭配)credit: 歸功于, 信任, 贊頌 / 信用,榮譽(yù),貸款,學(xué)分 grant: 授予,同意,承認(rèn)(是及物動詞，不用upon)7.tackle: 固定, 處理, 應(yīng)付;捉住

taper: 逐漸變小;逐漸減少、變?nèi)?、變?xì), suppress: 鎮(zhèn)壓,平定;查禁;壓制;廢止 tangle: 使纏結(jié),糾紛

make every effort to: 盡力做(某事)8.harmonize with: 符合于(與...相稱,與...相合)cling to: 抱住(抱定,固守,貼近)depend on: 依賴(依靠,取決于,隨...而定)adjust to: 適應(yīng);調(diào)節(jié)

9.decline: 降低,婉謝;衰退,減少,傾斜 ascend: 上升,攀登

descend: 下降, 屈尊, 傳下 plunge: 投入,跳進(jìn),使...陷入 10.let alone: 不打擾,不驚動,更別提 let down: 放下;辜負(fù);使失望 let off: 寬恕;放(不懲罰)let up: 減少(減緩,停止,中止)11.elevation: 海拔, 提高;標(biāo)高

altitude: 高度,海拔

aptitude: 資質(zhì), 才能, 自然傾向 latitude: 緯度;回旋余地, 自由 longitude: 經(jīng)度;經(jīng)線

12.stubborn: 倔強(qiáng)的, 頑固的;不屈不撓的

determined: 堅(jiān)決的;決定了的 obstinate: 倔強(qiáng)的, 頑固的 13.chain: 鏈,連鎖,束縛

decorate: 裝飾,裝修 ornament: 裝飾, 修飾

dispose: 處理,處置,銷毀, 布置,排列;決定 pack: 包裝,捆扎,塞滿

14.stand for: 代表;主張;象征;支持, 擁護(hù)

agony:(極度的)痛苦,創(chuàng)痛

sufferance: 忍受, 忍耐;痛苦;忍耐力;苦難 suppuration: 膿;化膿 plague: 瘟疫, 災(zāi)禍, 麻煩 torment: 苦痛,拷問;苦惱 15.identical: 相同的,同一的

offspring: 子孫, 產(chǎn)物, 后代

horrible: 可怕的, 極討厭的, 極可憎的 outraged: 震驚的,義憤填膺的

enlightened: 被啟發(fā)的, 文明的, 進(jìn)步的 calm:平靜的, 冷靜的

provoke: 激怒, 煽動, 挑撥 moved: 被移動的，被感動的 16.eligible: 符合條件的;合格的

obliged: 感激的(oblige: 強(qiáng)制, 束縛, 施恩惠于;表示好意)intelligible: 可理解的, 明了的, 易理解的 competent: 有能力的,勝任的,足夠的 qualified: 有資格的

17.foul: 污穢的;骯臟的;邪惡的 / 弄臟,妨害,污蔑 / 犯規(guī);纏繞 call off: 取消;喊走 delay: 耽擱,延遲

forbidden: 被禁止的, 禁止的 18.catastrophe: 大災(zāi)難;大禍

calamity: 災(zāi)難;不幸事件

frustration: 挫敗;受挫;挫折

depression: 不景氣, 沮喪, 消沉

19.contribute to: 有助于(貢獻(xiàn)給);捐助;促成 well-being: 健康;幸福;福利

obedient: 服從的, 孝順的, 順從的 efficient: 生效的;效率高的,有能力的 painstaking: 辛苦的, 小心的, 勤勉的 submissive: 服從的, 柔順的, 順從的 20.applaud: 拍手喝采,稱贊,贊同

lament: 哀悼;悔恨;悲嘆 discipline: 訓(xùn)練, 紀(jì)律 mourn: 哀悼,憂傷,服喪 prosecute: 進(jìn)行,實(shí)行,起訴 condemn: 判刑,責(zé)備,處刑 08 真題

1.account for: 說明;對...負(fù)有責(zé)任;證明;(在數(shù)量方面)占 call for: 需要,邀請,要求 look for: 尋找;招來;惹來

make for: 走向;導(dǎo)致;攻擊;有助于(對...有利,促進(jìn))deterioration: 惡化, 變壞;墮落;退化 2.generous: 慷慨的,寬宏大量的affliction: 苦惱, 苦難, 痛苦

allocation: 配置,分配,安置

alliance: 結(jié)盟,聯(lián)盟,聯(lián)姻

3.put into: 使進(jìn)入;把...放進(jìn);翻譯成(進(jìn)港,插入)expensively: 昂貴地;高價地

exceptionally: 例外地(格外,特別);特殊地;異常地 exhaustively: 用盡一切地;徹底地;詳盡無遺地 exclusively: 專門地;獨(dú)占地;專有地;排外地 4.potent: 強(qiáng)有力的, 有效的

conditional: 有條件的,假定的 inseparable: 不能分的

cardinal: 主要的, 深紅色的

5.cohesive: 粘性的(有結(jié)合性的,有粘聚性的)cognitive: 認(rèn)知的;認(rèn)識的,有認(rèn)識力的 collective: 集體的, 共同的, 聚集的 comic: 滑稽的, 喜劇的, 有趣的 6.mortgage: 抵押

defect: 缺點(diǎn), 不足之處, 缺陷 deficit: 赤字,不足，缺乏

default: 缺席;不履行;拖欠；違約 deception: 騙局,詭計,欺騙,欺詐 7.exaggerate: 夸大,夸張

exacerbate: 加重(使...惡化,激怒)exceed: 超過, 勝過, 超越 exhibit: 展現(xiàn),陳列,展覽 8.facility: 設(shè)備, 靈巧, 容易

fascination: 魔力;魅力;入迷 fabrication: 制造,建造,虛構(gòu)的謊言 faculty: 才能, 全體教員, 能力 9.rule out: 消除(排除,劃線隔開)salvage: 海難救助;挽救;搶救;救助酬金 safeguard: 保衛(wèi), 防護(hù)設(shè)施, 保護(hù)措施

sabotage: 怠工,(人為地)破壞,(人為地)破壞活動 sacrifice: 犧牲,供俸,祭品

10.take up on: 對...提出相反的意見(對...提出質(zhì)疑)take up: 拿起(開始從事,吸取,接納);占用 check up on: 校對(檢驗(yàn),檢查,調(diào)查)check up: 校對(檢驗(yàn),檢查,調(diào)查)work out: 可以解決, 設(shè)計出, 作出, 計算出, 消耗完 look into: 窺視;觀察;瀏覽;調(diào)查 11.transformation: 變化;轉(zhuǎn)變;轉(zhuǎn)化

mass: 塊;質(zhì)量;大多數(shù) / 使集合, 集中;聚集 / 群眾的;集中的;大規(guī)模的 dominate: 支配,占優(yōu)勢 boost: 推進(jìn),提高

pioneer: 提倡,作先驅(qū),開劈

12.get a second opinion: 征求一下別人的意見 take action: 采取行動, 提出訴訟 sensible: 明理的,明智的

realistic: 現(xiàn)實(shí)的, 實(shí)際可行的, 注重實(shí)際的

sensitive: 敏感的;神經(jīng)過敏的;易受傷害的;易怒的 sensational: 轟動性的, 極好的;使人感動的

13.veneration: 尊敬;崇拜

hold a person in great veneration: 極為尊敬某人

recognition: 認(rèn)出, 識別;承認(rèn);確認(rèn) sincerity: 誠摯;真摯;真實(shí) heritage: 遺產(chǎn);傳統(tǒng);繼承權(quán)

honor: 榮譽(yù), 信譽(yù);光榮的事或人

hold a person in great honor: 極為尊敬人 14.managerial: 管理的

requisite: 需要的, 必備的, 必不可少的 exquisite: 精致的, 敏銳的, 細(xì)膩的 unique: 獨(dú)一無二的,獨(dú)特的,稀罕的 15.hasten: 趕快, 急忙;催促;加速

index: 索引,指針,指數(shù)

instance: 例證, 情況, 建議 indicator: 指示器;指示劑 appearance: 外表,出現(xiàn),出場 option: 選擇權(quán), 選項(xiàng);選擇

16.strenuous: 奮發(fā)的, 辛苦的;艱辛的；熱心的

arduous: 費(fèi)力的,辛勤的, 艱巨的;困難的 demanding: 要求多的, 吃力的 potent: 強(qiáng)有力的, 有效的

continuous: 連續(xù)的, 連續(xù)不斷的, 繼續(xù)的 17.hold accountable for: 對...負(fù)責(zé) practicable: 可實(shí)行的, 可用的, 可做的 reliable: 可靠的, 可信賴的

flexible: 靈活的,易彎曲的,柔韌的 18.appraise: 評價, 鑒定, 估價

esteem: 尊敬, 認(rèn)為, 尊重

appreciate: 賞識;鑒賞;感激;漲價;增值;領(lǐng)會;充分意識 approve: 贊同,核準(zhǔn),證實(shí) evaluate: 評估, 賦值, 評價

19.bleak: 蕭瑟的,嚴(yán)寒的,陰郁的;無希望的

chilly: 寒冷的, 不友好的, 冷淡的 dismal: 陰沉的,凄涼的,暗的 fanatic: 狂熱的,盲信的

20.bore upon: 涉及(與...有關(guān),影響)ruin: 毀滅, 毀壞;破產(chǎn);變成廢墟;墮落 相近單詞：

potent: 強(qiáng)有力的, 有效的

patent: 專利權(quán), 專利品, 執(zhí)照 / 取得...的專利權(quán), 請準(zhǔn)專利 / 專利的,顯著的,新奇的 potential: 潛在性, 可能性 / 有潛力的, 潛在的, 可能的

proponent: 建議者, 支持者

opponent: 對手, 反對者, 敵手 / 敵對的, 反對的 exponent: 說明者, 說明物;指數(shù)

determent: 威懾;妨礙;制止;威懾物 determinable: 可決定的

determinate: 確定的, 決定的, 一定的 determination: 決心;果斷 determinative: 決定的;限定的

determine: 決定;判決, 裁定;使下決心;確定;終止 determined: 堅(jiān)決的;決定了的 determinedly: 決然地;斷然地