第一篇：一位俄羅斯院士在中國的演講

一位俄羅斯院士在中國的演講（肺腑之言2005年）

從1992年開始，俄羅斯實(shí)行自由主義的社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)改革，１２年已經(jīng)過去，這個(gè)結(jié)果怎么樣呢？我們可以得出一些結(jié)論，所有的專家，社會(huì)學(xué)家、經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家、人口學(xué)家、心理學(xué)家、法學(xué)家和其他學(xué)科的專家都認(rèn)為，現(xiàn)在俄羅斯社會(huì)經(jīng)歷了深刻的制度危機(jī)，現(xiàn)在俄羅斯社會(huì)的狀況非常不妙。我們能夠看到什么東西呢？對(duì)改革的失望，大家有希望落空的悲痛感，甚至感到被欺騙。

改革的結(jié)果使大家感覺到被欺騙了。我們現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)處在這樣一個(gè)社會(huì)，我們大家誰也沒有向往這樣一個(gè)社會(huì)。實(shí)際上俄羅斯的改革結(jié)果是倒退20年到30年。我們現(xiàn)在不知道往哪兒去，我們?cè)诮ㄔO(shè)什么樣的一個(gè)社會(huì)，我們的未來是什么。所以絕大部分人，不光是對(duì)改革感到失望，而是感到恐懼，為自己的孩子，為自己的國家感到恐懼，為國家的未來感到恐懼。

1.經(jīng)濟(jì)局勢：1989到2000年，俄羅斯國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值，工業(yè)產(chǎn)品和農(nóng)產(chǎn)品的產(chǎn)量下降了一半多，許多工廠停工。

2.社會(huì)局勢 ：最令人觸目驚心的是俄羅斯人收入嚴(yán)重地兩極分化。10%最富的人比10%最窮的人要富８０倍。國家已經(jīng)分裂，一方面是一小批億萬富翁和百萬富翁，另外一方面就是絕大多數(shù)的窮人。根據(jù)俄羅斯新聞界估計(jì)，90年代末俄羅斯大概有300萬妓女。每年差不多有50萬婦女到國外去賣淫。

3.社會(huì)治安：犯罪案件急劇增加，針對(duì)普通人的犯罪非常猖獗，有組織犯罪滲透到最高的一些權(quán)力機(jī)關(guān)，甚至包括司法機(jī)關(guān)。犯罪學(xué)家認(rèn)為俄羅斯每5分鐘殺一個(gè)人。

4.國家與政治：在社會(huì)生活的許多重大問題上，普通人民的意見被漠視、被排斥?，F(xiàn)在多黨制已經(jīng)變得非?；奶?。有幾個(gè)黨派的存在當(dāng)然是民主必要的原則，但問題是現(xiàn)在有上百個(gè)黨派。很多人根本不知道有這些黨，上百個(gè)黨魁爭權(quán)奪利，只能是妨礙社會(huì)的團(tuán)結(jié)和一致。

5.精神和道德 ：一些電視和電視劇把犯罪和黑幫美化。俄羅斯傳統(tǒng)的善與惡，是與非已經(jīng)被破壞了，造成俄羅斯百姓混淆是非，混淆善惡。

6.人口：從1992年起俄羅斯人口逐漸減少，萎縮。這是史無前例的，俄羅斯族減少得最多。最近12年俄羅斯每年要減少80萬人。悲觀的看法說是，2050年俄羅斯的人口將由2005年的1.427億減少到１億人。

7.外交政策：蘇聯(lián)解體之后，特別是后來這12年的自由化改革之后，俄羅斯已經(jīng)完全喪失了超級(jí)大國的地位。它在國際舞臺(tái)的威望和影響大大的降低。

8.結(jié)論：當(dāng)今俄羅斯的社會(huì)制度拋棄了自由主義和社會(huì)主義最好的部分。社會(huì)調(diào)查資料表明，大多數(shù)的俄羅斯居民一方面不想恢復(fù)過去的蘇聯(lián)制度，另一方面也是堅(jiān)決拒絕自由化的改革措施。回到過去是不可能了，但是危機(jī)狀態(tài)也不應(yīng)該成為我們的未來。我認(rèn)為俄羅斯不僅需要進(jìn)一步發(fā)展經(jīng)濟(jì)，也需要一個(gè)強(qiáng)有力的國家。

9.寄語：尊敬的同行們，我也想通過今天的演講告訴中國的朋友們，你們千萬不能犯俄羅斯過去10年的錯(cuò)誤。因?yàn)槟阒溃@種錯(cuò)誤的代價(jià)是非常大的，甚至包括很巨大的人員傷亡。如果有人提出斯大林過去肅反，死去了一些人，那么我們10年改革的人員傷亡比過去多得多。還不包括一些熱點(diǎn)沖突。加上這些，有幾百萬俄羅斯人死亡。

中國作為一個(gè)偉大的國家和偉大的民族，你們一定要堅(jiān)持社會(huì)主義的思想。我認(rèn)為社會(huì)主義思想不但是俄羅斯和中國人的發(fā)明，我們認(rèn)為是整個(gè)人類社會(huì)的理想，是全人類的愿望。很遺憾，俄羅斯沒有能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)或者實(shí)施社會(huì)主義的思想。當(dāng)今全世界都在注視著中國，包括俄羅斯在內(nèi)。我們希望你們自己能夠向世界證明，實(shí)現(xiàn)公正的社會(huì)主義社會(huì)，能夠創(chuàng)建一種高度發(fā)達(dá)、繁榮、強(qiáng)大的社會(huì)。我深信中國能夠解決這些問題，能夠完成十六大所提出的目標(biāo)，在21世紀(jì)使中國成為一個(gè)強(qiáng)大的國家，你們能完成這方面的任務(wù)。中國的同行，你們身上有高度的責(zé)任和使命，能夠向全社會(huì)證明你們能夠做到這一點(diǎn)。我想說，偉大的中國，你們沒有權(quán)利犯錯(cuò)誤，謝謝大家。

第二篇：2015俄羅斯·中國藝術(shù)節(jié)

2015俄羅斯·中國藝術(shù)節(jié)

-------慶祝世界反法西斯戰(zhàn)爭暨中國人民抗日戰(zhàn)爭勝利70周年藝術(shù)盛典

主辦單位：

圣彼得堡市政府、市民族宮 圣彼得堡文化局

中華人民共和國駐圣彼得堡總領(lǐng)事館 協(xié)辦單位：

圣彼得堡國立音樂學(xué)院 俄羅斯皇家歌舞藝術(shù)團(tuán) 圣彼得堡國立冬宮交響樂團(tuán) 莫斯科皇家芭蕾舞團(tuán) 莫斯科愛樂樂團(tuán)

莫斯科音樂學(xué)院室內(nèi)合唱團(tuán) 承辦單位：

中國舞蹈藝術(shù)研究會(huì) 中國合唱藝術(shù)研究會(huì)

俄羅斯聯(lián)邦圣彼得堡華人華僑協(xié)會(huì) 俄羅斯亞太合作發(fā)展中心 支持單位：莫斯科政府報(bào)

ART TVкитайские отношения достигли беспрецедентно высокого уровня всестороннего стратегического сотрудничества и партнерства.---------------Владимирович Путин

俄中關(guān)系已經(jīng)前所未有地達(dá)到全面戰(zhàn)略合作伙伴關(guān)系的高水平。兩國擴(kuò)大了政治對(duì)話，加強(qiáng)了人文，文化領(lǐng)域的富有成果的交流合作，這完全符合我們友好人民的利益，也增進(jìn)了兩國友誼“。

--------------弗拉基米爾·普京

關(guān)于應(yīng)邀赴俄參加 2015俄羅斯·中國藝術(shù)節(jié)的通知

各省、市、自治區(qū)老齡委、老干部局、工會(huì)、文體局、音協(xié)、舞協(xié)、合唱協(xié)會(huì)、舞蹈團(tuán)體、體協(xié)、老年大學(xué)、群藝館、老干部活動(dòng)中心、工人文化宮及有關(guān)藝術(shù)團(tuán)體： 2015年是中俄友好建交66周年，也是世界反法西斯戰(zhàn)爭暨中國人民抗日戰(zhàn)爭勝利70周年。我國對(duì)俄在經(jīng)濟(jì)、政治以及文化交流等領(lǐng)域呈現(xiàn)多元化發(fā)展趨勢，中俄全面戰(zhàn)略合作伙伴關(guān)系迎來鼎盛時(shí)期。俄羅斯是一個(gè)崇尚藝術(shù)的民族，彼得?伊里奇?柴可夫斯基、米哈伊爾?伊萬諾維奇?格林卡??一個(gè)個(gè)燦若星辰的名字連同他們舉世聞名的作品一起閃耀在世界音樂的銀河中。提起俄羅斯，耳邊就響起《莫斯科郊外的晚上》的旋律，美麗的天鵝湖是俄羅斯芭蕾永不落幕的舞臺(tái)。俄羅斯的文化藝術(shù)具有鮮明的民族風(fēng)格，具有史詩般宏偉的氣勢，像伏特加酒一樣濃烈奔放。由圣彼得堡市政府及總領(lǐng)事館主辦的俄羅斯·中國藝術(shù)節(jié)將于2015年6月在圣彼得堡隆重舉行，來自全國的藝術(shù)愛好者們將在圣彼得堡與俄羅斯藝術(shù)團(tuán)體同臺(tái)交流演出。此次活動(dòng)受到圣彼得堡市政府大力支持，吸引多家當(dāng)?shù)孛襟w報(bào)道，意義深遠(yuǎn)，影響重大。

2015俄羅斯·中國藝術(shù)節(jié)開幕式

圣彼得堡市政府、市民族宮、中華人民共和國駐圣彼得堡總領(lǐng)事館官員代表以及莫斯科、圣彼得堡文藝界、商界等各界嘉賓將出席開幕式，歡迎來自中國的中老年藝術(shù)團(tuán)隊(duì)齊聚圣彼得堡。藝術(shù)節(jié)總顧問МУРИНА?ЛЮДМИЛ?。铝漳?柳德米拉）將在開幕式上致辭并宣布俄羅斯·中國藝術(shù)節(jié)盛大開幕。

2015俄羅斯·中國藝術(shù)節(jié)閉幕音樂會(huì)

由俄羅斯圣彼得堡里黑阿爾蒂斯議院合唱團(tuán)為此次藝術(shù)節(jié)做精彩的閉幕音樂會(huì)，兩國團(tuán)隊(duì)共同高歌，歌唱偉大的友誼。此次藝術(shù)節(jié)嘉賓（擬邀）：

中華人民共和國駐俄羅斯使館公使銜教育參贊 趙國成 中華人民共和國駐圣彼得堡總領(lǐng)事館教育領(lǐng)事 彭學(xué)剛

俄羅斯聯(lián)邦會(huì)議國家杜馬副主席 ШВЕЦОВОВА?ЛЮДМИЛА? ИВАНОВН?。ㄊ肪S撒沃娃?柳德米拉?伊萬諾瓦）

國家杜馬副主席ШВЕЦОВОВА?ЛЮДМИЛА?ИВАНОВН?。ㄊ肪S撒沃娃?柳德米拉?伊萬諾瓦）

顧問ПУДИН?АЛЕКСАНДР?ИВАНОВИЧ（普金?阿列克桑德勒?伊萬諾維奇）

列寧格勒州立法會(huì)議主席Не Нин（別別寧）列寧格勒州副州長Кузнецов（庫茲涅佐夫）

圣彼得堡市政府成員、外聯(lián)委主席Пула Хо Lianke（普拉霍連科）圣彼得堡市立法會(huì)議副主席Suoer Тан（索爾坦）

中華人民共和國禮賓司原副司長、人大外事局原局長

張直鑒 中華人民共和國禮賓司原參贊、原駐美使館公使

董補(bǔ)明

俄外交部駐圣彼得堡代表Не привязывайте КЛРД（扎別瓦洛夫）世界華僑華人社團(tuán)聯(lián)合總會(huì)、俄羅斯聯(lián)邦圣彼得堡華人華僑協(xié)會(huì)會(huì)長 張戎軍

莫斯科政府報(bào)第一副主編 СТУКАЛОВ?ВЛАДИМИР?АЛЕКСЕЕВИЧ（斯圖卡洛夫?弗拉基米爾?阿列克謝耶維奇）

俄羅斯龍報(bào)社長

李雙杰 2015俄羅斯·中國藝術(shù)節(jié) / 老戰(zhàn)友合唱大賽 時(shí)代背景：

我的老戰(zhàn)友你現(xiàn)在還好嗎？

還起得我們?cè)趹?zhàn)壕，在營房，在社會(huì)主義建設(shè)的田間地頭一起合唱的那首歌么？

《阿朋友再見》 《莫斯科郊外的晚上》 《工人階級(jí)向前進(jìn)》 《共產(chǎn)國際歌》 《八百壯士歌》《黃河大合唱》《咱們工人有力量》 《南泥灣》...每每唱起那一首首慷慨激昂的旋律 那些讓”全世界資產(chǎn)階級(jí)都顫抖“的聲音 還有”全世界無產(chǎn)者,聯(lián)合起來"的吶喊 總讓人心情難以平靜

活動(dòng)主題：深切抒發(fā)無產(chǎn)階級(jí)革命情懷，歌唱祖國，歌唱美好生活。構(gòu)建健康和諧的生活環(huán)境，給廣大藝術(shù)愛好者一個(gè)相互交流、共同展示的平臺(tái)，在歌唱中體驗(yàn)生活，在音樂中感受人生。報(bào)名資格

1.人數(shù)：20人以上，50人以下，不含指揮與伴奏。

2.年齡：22歲以上，未滿22歲團(tuán)員人數(shù)不可超過全團(tuán)人數(shù)10%，指揮與伴奏不在此限。3.混聲、女聲或男聲合唱團(tuán)皆可報(bào)名參賽。4.只接受業(yè)余合唱團(tuán)參賽，指揮與伴奏除外。5.參賽人員不得跨團(tuán)報(bào)名。

報(bào)名資料：

1.報(bào)名表。

2.合唱團(tuán)照片(請(qǐng)以電子文件交付照片，分辨率必須至少300 dpi，紙本照片恕不收件)。

3.合唱團(tuán)中英文簡介(200字以內(nèi))、指揮與團(tuán)長中、英文姓名。

4.合唱團(tuán)近期影音數(shù)據(jù)(演出或練習(xí)均可，請(qǐng)存光盤郵寄或存放網(wǎng)站，并告知網(wǎng)址)。組委會(huì)將甄選團(tuán)隊(duì)參加比賽，甄選結(jié)果將電話通知并于官網(wǎng)發(fā)布

參賽要求：參賽曲目應(yīng)注意作品的特性和難度需符合各年齡段； 歌曲數(shù)目：兩首； 演唱時(shí)間：15分鐘

樂器伴奏：鋼琴伴奏； 演唱曲目：自由挑選,演唱風(fēng)格不受限制；

評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

1節(jié)奏、音準(zhǔn)、音色 2合唱曲目的音響效果

3提交的作品內(nèi)容，表演風(fēng)格

4合唱的表現(xiàn)力

評(píng)獎(jiǎng)方案

1、大賽設(shè)金獎(jiǎng)，銀獎(jiǎng)，銅獎(jiǎng)，國際指揮大獎(jiǎng)，國際鋼琴伴奏大獎(jiǎng)。

獲獎(jiǎng)節(jié)目將頒發(fā)獎(jiǎng)杯、證書。優(yōu)秀組織機(jī)構(gòu)將由圣彼得堡市政府及總領(lǐng)事館官員親自授予“中俄國際文化交流貢獻(xiàn)獎(jiǎng)”并頒發(fā)國家榮譽(yù)證書。

2、服裝及精神面貌：風(fēng)貌良好，服裝整潔統(tǒng)一、美觀、大方。

3、組織：隊(duì)形編排整齊，上下場組織有序。

4、演唱效果：演唱歌曲完整流暢，演唱整齊、音色統(tǒng)一，無中途停唱現(xiàn)象，準(zhǔn)確把握音準(zhǔn)節(jié)奏，咬字準(zhǔn)確、吐字清晰，演唱感情到位，面部表情豐富自然，能夠較好地表現(xiàn)歌曲意境和音樂形象。

5、專業(yè)評(píng)委將針對(duì)各組別現(xiàn)場點(diǎn)評(píng)選手表現(xiàn)，并給予藝術(shù)指導(dǎo)。

6、俄羅斯當(dāng)?shù)鼐W(wǎng)絡(luò)、報(bào)紙、雜志等媒體的現(xiàn)場報(bào)導(dǎo)及后續(xù)宣傳。

7、每個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)將贈(zèng)送一張大賽演出光盤精彩集錦。文化之旅期間專職攝影師全程跟蹤錄像，記錄點(diǎn)點(diǎn)滴滴，留作珍貴回憶。

此次大賽專家評(píng)審（擬邀）Кузнецов Игорь Константинович（庫茲涅佐夫·伊戈?duì)枴た邓固苟≈Z維奇）俄羅斯功勛藝術(shù)家，藝術(shù)學(xué)大博士，莫斯科國立柴可夫斯基音樂學(xué)院教授。Валерий Гергиев（瓦萊里·捷杰耶夫）

圣彼得堡馬林斯基劇院首席指揮、藝術(shù)總監(jiān)，鹿特丹愛樂樂團(tuán)首席指揮。

.ЕКАТЕРИНA?МЕЧЕТИН?。ㄈ~卡捷琳娜 ? 涅契金娜）鋼琴家、莫斯科國立交響樂團(tuán)獨(dú)奏國際鋼琴“勝利”獎(jiǎng)獲得者

ВЛАДИМИР?ПАВЛОВИЧ?АНДРОПОВ（弗拉基米爾?巴夫拉維奇?安德羅巴夫）

莫斯科國家大劇院指揮、俄羅斯奧斯博夫?qū)W術(shù)樂團(tuán)民族樂器藝術(shù)總監(jiān)及首席指揮

ВАЛЕРИЙ?КУЗЬМИЧ?ПОЛЯНСКИЙ（瓦列里?庫茲米奇?巴里昂斯基）俄羅斯民族藝術(shù)家、俄羅斯國家交響樂團(tuán)藝術(shù)總監(jiān)和首席指揮

АЛЕКСЕЙ?УТКИН（阿列克謝?烏特金）俄羅斯國家室內(nèi)演奏樂團(tuán)藝術(shù)總監(jiān)、首席指揮及個(gè)人獨(dú)奏

МУРИНА?ЛЮДМИЛ?。铝漳?柳德米拉）俄羅斯功勛演員、俄羅斯愛樂小提琴交響樂團(tuán)藝術(shù)總監(jiān)

ЗОСИМОВА?ЕВГЕНИЯ?ОСИПОВН?。ㄔ髂?耶夫金尼婭?阿西巴福娜）俄羅斯功勛演員、俄羅斯榮譽(yù)藝術(shù)家、莫斯科文化藝術(shù)大學(xué)教授、校獨(dú)唱部門主管、民俗樂團(tuán)“傳統(tǒng)俄羅斯”及“卡拉年”團(tuán)長，并榮獲國際級(jí)大獎(jiǎng) 吳歌：國家一級(jí)作曲家、指揮家、河南省原音協(xié)主席

陳家海：指揮家、作曲家，國家教育部藝術(shù)教育委員會(huì)委員，中國教育學(xué)會(huì)音樂教育分會(huì)副理事長、合唱指揮學(xué)術(shù)委員會(huì)主任，世界華人合唱藝術(shù)聯(lián)合總會(huì)常務(wù)副主席，河南省音樂家協(xié)會(huì)副主席，河南省合唱協(xié)會(huì)會(huì)長。

萬山紅

：中國歌劇舞劇院著名女高音歌唱家，中共黨員，國家一級(jí)演員，第九屆、第十屆全國政協(xié)委員，第九屆全國青聯(lián)常委，中國音樂協(xié)會(huì)理事，中國戲劇家協(xié)會(huì)會(huì)員，享受國務(wù)院突出貢獻(xiàn)津貼專家，中國音樂學(xué)院聲樂系研究生，中央戲劇學(xué)院導(dǎo)演系研究生。徐俊松：原安徽省音樂家協(xié)會(huì)副主席、省合唱協(xié)會(huì)主席、金安徽合唱團(tuán)創(chuàng)始人兼團(tuán)長 程桂蘭：

總政歌劇團(tuán)著名女高音歌唱家，歌劇表演藝術(shù)家，評(píng)彈表演藝術(shù)家。國家一級(jí)演員，原總政歌劇團(tuán)副團(tuán)長、藝術(shù)指導(dǎo)。中華民族聲樂藝術(shù)研究會(huì)常務(wù)理事，中國音樂家協(xié)會(huì)會(huì)員、中國戲劇家協(xié)會(huì)會(huì)員、中國曲藝家協(xié)會(huì)會(huì)員，中國世界民族文化交流促進(jìn)會(huì)理事。享受國務(wù)院政府特殊津貼。

蕭白：中國著名作曲家、指揮家，國家一級(jí)作曲。歷任上海歌劇院、上海樂團(tuán)、哈爾濱歌劇院、上海音樂學(xué)院等院團(tuán)的指揮、客席指揮或客席教授。曾擔(dān)任中國合唱協(xié)會(huì)副理事長、上海音樂家協(xié)會(huì)合唱分會(huì)理事長，現(xiàn)為中國合唱協(xié)會(huì)常務(wù)顧問。此次藝術(shù)節(jié)隆重邀請(qǐng)“俄羅斯圣彼得堡里黑阿爾蒂斯議院合唱團(tuán)” Russia San Petersburgo Lege Artis Camara Choirs 這個(gè)團(tuán)由現(xiàn)任指揮策劃創(chuàng)建于1987年，由29位來自圣彼得堡中央音樂學(xué)院的青年人組成。合唱團(tuán)于1988年2月14日在圣彼得堡阿雪桑德爾，布什金博物館舉行了首演。此后它在 俄羅斯及國內(nèi)外逐漸出名。1995年在德國達(dá)姆斯丹舉行的國際合唱節(jié)上囊括全部一等獎(jiǎng)。1994年，在英國女王陛下及其隨從訪問圣彼得堡之際，為其舉辦了演出。

合唱團(tuán)擁有最純凈的圣彼得堡風(fēng)格，它不僅演唱俄羅斯大師的作品，還經(jīng)常演唱巴赫，舒曼等德國合唱作品。

2015俄羅斯·中國藝術(shù)節(jié) / 紅色舞蹈·服飾·武術(shù)表演大賽 時(shí)代背景：

2015年是世界人民反法西斯勝利及抗戰(zhàn)勝利70周年。中國的抗日戰(zhàn)爭，蘇聯(lián)的衛(wèi)國戰(zhàn)爭，將世界反法西斯戰(zhàn)爭推向高潮。中國人民與蘇聯(lián)人民并肩奮斗，抒寫了一段可歌可泣的歷史傳奇。一個(gè)新時(shí)代的肇始，一個(gè)勞動(dòng)者的國度，一個(gè)引領(lǐng)世界的紅色國度，一曲可歌可泣的世紀(jì)悲歌。睡美人、馬賽曲、紅罌粟花、紅色旋風(fēng)、紅色娘子軍、十送紅軍、咱們領(lǐng)袖毛主席。。一段段紅色革命舞蹈勾起了我們對(duì)那個(gè)戰(zhàn)火紛飛的年代的回憶，全世界的人們?yōu)榱俗杂梢黄饝?zhàn)斗。

活動(dòng)主題：謳歌祖國和黨，慶祝反法西斯勝利70周年，緬懷那些為了自由拋頭顱灑熱血的革命先烈，贊美我們今天的幸福生活，同時(shí)意在傳承華夏文明，弘揚(yáng)民族文化，帶動(dòng)世界華人對(duì)中國傳統(tǒng)文化的認(rèn)知，引導(dǎo)廣大青年留學(xué)生感知中華傳統(tǒng)文明的魅力，弘揚(yáng)民族氣節(jié)，宣導(dǎo)弘志明德、勤勞樸實(shí)的良好風(fēng)氣

參賽條件：凡中國公民、世界華人、華僑均可參加。凡是贊頌友誼、促進(jìn)團(tuán)結(jié)、內(nèi)容健康、積極向上，尤其歡迎具有風(fēng)格濃郁、有鮮明的地域特征、反應(yīng)此次活動(dòng)主題的節(jié)目。參賽類 別：

舞蹈組： 民族民間舞、芭蕾舞、古典舞、當(dāng)代舞、體育舞蹈、國標(biāo)舞及群眾舞蹈等（鼓勵(lì)原創(chuàng)）

服飾組：時(shí)裝、民族服飾、運(yùn)動(dòng)服飾等 綜合組：樂器 武術(shù) 戲曲 書畫 詩歌朗誦等 參賽年齡：18周歲-75周歲 評(píng)獎(jiǎng)方案

1、大賽設(shè)金獎(jiǎng)，銀獎(jiǎng)，銅獎(jiǎng)。獲獎(jiǎng)節(jié)目將頒發(fā)獎(jiǎng)杯、證書。優(yōu)秀組織機(jī)構(gòu)將由圣彼得堡市政府及總領(lǐng)事館官員親自授予“中俄國際文化交流貢獻(xiàn)獎(jiǎng)”并頒發(fā)國家榮譽(yù)證書。

2、服裝及精神面貌：風(fēng)貌良好，服裝整潔統(tǒng)一、美觀、大方。

3、組織：隊(duì)形編排整齊，上下場組織有序。

4、專業(yè)評(píng)委將針對(duì)各組別現(xiàn)場點(diǎn)評(píng)選手表現(xiàn)，并給予藝術(shù)指導(dǎo)。

5、俄羅斯當(dāng)?shù)鼐W(wǎng)絡(luò)、報(bào)紙、雜志等媒體的現(xiàn)場報(bào)導(dǎo)及后續(xù)宣傳。

6、每個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)將贈(zèng)送一張大賽演出光盤精彩集錦。文化之旅期間專職攝影師全程跟蹤錄像，記錄點(diǎn)點(diǎn)滴滴，留作珍貴回憶。

此次大賽專家評(píng)審（擬邀）評(píng)委：

Фой, Пакт

славянских

? Михайлов（弗耶契斯拉夫?米哈伊洛夫?戈?duì)柦芤颍?/p>

俄羅斯人民演員原莫斯科大劇院芭蕾舞團(tuán)前藝術(shù)編導(dǎo)

俄羅斯莫斯科州俄羅斯芭蕾國家劇院團(tuán)長 蘇聯(lián)人民 演員卓越的俄羅斯芭蕾舞蹈家

ВЛАСЕНОК?ГАЛИНА?ВЛАДИМИРОВН?。ǜダ履瓤?卡琳娜?弗拉基米羅夫娜）

俄羅斯功勛演員、俄羅斯國家電視廣播音樂節(jié)總導(dǎo)演和舞臺(tái)節(jié)目主持人

СУДЕЦ?ТАТЬЯНА?АЛЕКСАНДРОВН?。ㄌK杰茨?塔季揚(yáng)娜?阿列克桑德拉夫娜）俄羅斯功勛演員、俄羅斯電視臺(tái)播音員和主持人、莫斯科文化藝術(shù)大學(xué)副教授、希臘“銀海豚”和保加利亞“做好事”欄目評(píng)委會(huì)主席。

Lucinde lane：英皇芭蕾舞高級(jí)導(dǎo)師，藝術(shù)碩士，擁有十余年芭蕾教學(xué)經(jīng)驗(yàn)，指導(dǎo)學(xué)生參加RAD考試通過率百分之百。2011年被授予英國皇家芭蕾舞學(xué)院高級(jí)舞蹈院士文憑，為世界頂級(jí)舞蹈學(xué)院輸送大量優(yōu)秀人才。

Sergei kudashov：俄羅斯拉丁舞高級(jí)導(dǎo)師，持有國際專業(yè)拉丁舞S級(jí)證書，舞齡24年，教學(xué)7年經(jīng)驗(yàn)，擅長十余種舞種。曾付德國、英國參加IDSF拉丁舞國際賽事評(píng)委。曾任職埃及編舞教材和拉丁舞團(tuán)導(dǎo)師。

Yanay：古巴現(xiàn)代舞、芭蕾舞高級(jí)導(dǎo)師，畢業(yè)于哈瓦那民族藝術(shù)學(xué)校舞蹈專業(yè)。有五年職業(yè)藝術(shù)學(xué)院芭蕾舞教學(xué)經(jīng)驗(yàn)，在數(shù)屆舞蹈大賽及國家慶典中獲獎(jiǎng)。參與過由古巴國家芭蕾舞協(xié)會(huì)發(fā)起的同加拿大學(xué)校進(jìn)行國際文化交流的有關(guān)芭蕾舞教育方法論課程研討，做出突出貢獻(xiàn)。

姬茅：中國芭蕾舞發(fā)展研究中心副主任、國務(wù)院舞蹈學(xué)碩士學(xué)位點(diǎn)評(píng)審專家、中國民間舞研究會(huì)副會(huì)長、中國舞蹈藝術(shù)研究會(huì)會(huì)長

陳愛蓮：著名舞蹈表演藝術(shù)家，中國舞蹈家協(xié)會(huì)副主席，中國歌劇舞劇院舞蹈家兼編導(dǎo)、教員。第六屆、第七屆、第八屆、第九屆全國政協(xié)委員、中國對(duì)外文化交流協(xié)會(huì)理事、中國演出家協(xié)會(huì)理事、中國田漢基金會(huì)理事。

馮雙白：文學(xué)博士、著名舞蹈理論家和評(píng)論家、編劇、大型晚會(huì)策劃人和撰稿人，現(xiàn)任中國舞蹈家協(xié)會(huì)副主席、分黨組書記，中國藝術(shù)研究院博士生導(dǎo)師。

汪洌：著名舞蹈家，中國文華大獎(jiǎng)獲得者。國家一級(jí)演員、導(dǎo)演，畢業(yè)于北京舞蹈學(xué)院，現(xiàn)任中國舞蹈家協(xié)會(huì)理事，廣東省舞蹈家協(xié)會(huì)專職副主席，國際賽事評(píng)委

孫杰：國務(wù)院政府津貼專家、國家一級(jí)演員、原中央芭蕾舞團(tuán)首席演員、現(xiàn)任北京舞蹈學(xué)院芭蕾舞系教師

莫斯科國立芭蕾舞劇院---大型經(jīng)典芭蕾舞劇《天鵝湖》

Московский государственный театр балета---Большой классический балет Лебединое озеро 俄羅斯莫斯科國立芭蕾舞劇院成立于1979年，該團(tuán)始終保持著俄羅斯芭蕾的傳統(tǒng)風(fēng)格，臺(tái)風(fēng)極其嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)。該團(tuán)已成功地舉辦了多場演出，使俄羅斯的芭蕾藝術(shù)馳名世界。該團(tuán)的演出帶給觀眾真摯、高雅、清新脫俗的感覺。

該團(tuán)擁有20多名國際芭蕾舞比賽獲獎(jiǎng)演員，曾出訪過德國、英國、美國、墨西哥、印度、西班牙、丹麥、瑞典、奧地利、澳大利亞、挪威、比利時(shí)、中東等國家和地區(qū)，在世界聞名遐邇。他們的演出極具激情和活力，在國外演出時(shí)，熱情的觀眾不讓他們離開舞臺(tái)，演出結(jié)束時(shí)，觀眾常常一次又一次地要求加演，曾被當(dāng)?shù)氐娜藗兎Q為“所見過的最好的芭蕾舞劇院。”

該團(tuán)獲得過許多獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)，如：曾在意大利米蘭獲得過金獎(jiǎng)。在德國演出時(shí)，當(dāng)?shù)氐膱?bào)紙?jiān)Q該團(tuán)是“社會(huì)和文化生活中一顆耀眼的明星”、“世界藝術(shù)舞臺(tái)上的一朵瑰麗的奇葩”，十萬多名觀眾觀看了他們的精彩演出。1991年，該團(tuán)被冠名“芭蕾藝術(shù)的杰出代表”，并獲得西歐劇院聯(lián)合會(huì)授予的“歐洲最優(yōu)秀的芭蕾舞團(tuán)”的榮譽(yù)稱號(hào)。圣彼得堡國家大劇院

Российский государственный академический Большой драматический театр имени Г.А.Товстоногова

圣彼得堡國家大劇院是俄羅斯唯一的以抒情劇目及現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)同時(shí)上演的劇院。它位于彼得堡歷史中心彼得堡科夫方向。如果回憶歷史，曾經(jīng)沙皇尼古拉二世在這里進(jìn)行了羅曼諾夫王朝300年的慶?；顒?dòng)，在這里尼古拉二世還進(jìn)行了接待俄羅斯貴族的接待儀式。這是人人都能夠得到享受的劇院，一個(gè)世紀(jì)前這是一座現(xiàn)代化的藝術(shù)品，它擁有神奇的水設(shè)施和噴泉設(shè)施。在幾個(gè)月之內(nèi)劇院已經(jīng)成為世界上最宏偉的劇院之一。它有1360個(gè)座位，從那時(shí)開始圣彼得堡國家大劇院已經(jīng)成為歐洲最大的劇院大廳之一！它的節(jié)目由多種藝術(shù)方式組成。這里演出配置齊全，光導(dǎo)背景，豪華服裝。在這里擁有一批優(yōu)秀的人民演員和功勛演員，并涌現(xiàn)出許多具有新的藝術(shù)特色的演藝天才，比如奧列卡.瓦勒達(dá)沙娃、阿那多里.圖卡什、瓦達(dá)里.普薩了夫，尤里.斯科羅霞托夫，謝爾蓋.薩夫琴科等。

藝術(shù)節(jié)費(fèi)用： 請(qǐng)咨詢組委會(huì)。

報(bào)名截止：2015年2月。為保障行程順利圓滿，并且由于國際機(jī)票等價(jià)格起伏不定，團(tuán)員報(bào)名截止前須交每人五千元預(yù)付款，以便組委會(huì)提前預(yù)定國際段機(jī)票、酒店、簽證等。如在出發(fā)前遇到特殊情況，可于出發(fā)前至少一個(gè)月申請(qǐng)退款，已確認(rèn)項(xiàng)目不退。

圣彼得堡聯(lián)絡(luò)處：

圣彼得堡市莫哈瓦婭街15號(hào)，市政府民族宮辦公樓五層六號(hào)

191028 Санкт-Петербург, Моховая ул., дом 15, 6йж No.6 Land line： 007-812-9924231 中國區(qū)組委會(huì)聯(lián)絡(luò)處：

深圳市深南大道6006號(hào)華豐大廈1806室（深圳廣播電視集團(tuán)對(duì)面）Land line : 0755-23996251 /33160661

FAX: 0755-23996251 Tel：*** 歐陽老師

*** 李老師 Email：lotusstyle@sina.cn Website：004km.cn Weichat:cdara111

эта

第三篇：中國鞋子在俄羅斯的市場營銷策略

中國鞋子在俄羅斯的市場營銷策略

我們要根據(jù)中國鞋子制品的優(yōu)勢以及在俄羅斯鞋子市場的合作前景、出口現(xiàn)狀、存在問題,要通過政策導(dǎo)向,作好俄羅斯市場定位和市場分析,加強(qiáng)營銷管理的針對(duì)性,并通過選擇適宜的合作競爭戰(zhàn)略及方式,提高沖破俄羅斯進(jìn)口壁壘的能力以及擴(kuò)大鞋子產(chǎn)品出口的規(guī)模和優(yōu)化結(jié)構(gòu)。

一我國鞋子制品行業(yè)分析

我國鞋類產(chǎn)品是十大主要出口產(chǎn)品之一 , 為國民經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展,增加出口創(chuàng)匯,繁榮市場,滿足消費(fèi),拉動(dòng)內(nèi) 需和安置就業(yè)等方面發(fā)揮著積極的作用.從 1995 年到 2006 年的短短十幾年期間 , 依靠充足的勞動(dòng)力,豐富的 原材料資源等有利因素 , 我國鞋類產(chǎn)品的生產(chǎn)和出口持續(xù)快速增長 , 逐漸成為全球鞋類生產(chǎn)和出口第一大國目前 , 我國制鞋業(yè)已具備了很強(qiáng)的國際市場競爭力 , 但在快速發(fā)展過程中存在如下幾個(gè)方面的問題 : 第一 , 制鞋業(yè)進(jìn)入門檻較低 , 我國制鞋行業(yè)中的中小企業(yè)所占比例很大 , 導(dǎo)致的生產(chǎn)企業(yè)多,產(chǎn)能過剩造 成經(jīng)營秩序混亂,低價(jià)競爭現(xiàn)象嚴(yán)重;第二 , 我國現(xiàn)代制鞋業(yè)的發(fā)展歷史短 , 以低檔次, 低附加值產(chǎn)品出口為主, 缺乏自有品牌的問題仍舊突出 , 產(chǎn)品在國際市場上缺乏品牌競爭力;第三 , 我國制鞋工業(yè)的科研投入不足 , 產(chǎn)品的技術(shù)含量和附加值低 , 缺少自主知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)產(chǎn)品 , 在國際市場 上缺乏技術(shù)競爭力;第四 , 我國制鞋行業(yè)的設(shè)計(jì)力量落后 , 科技, 管理人才奇缺 , 消化吸收國外新技術(shù), 新成果的成功率較低;第五 , 對(duì)部分國際市場依賴程度較高 , 易受國外關(guān)稅和非關(guān)稅貿(mào)易政策的影響.我國鞋類出口競爭力的優(yōu)勢分析 ：經(jīng)過多年的發(fā)展 , 我國已經(jīng)形成了廣州,溫州,泉州,成都四大主要制鞋基地和相應(yīng)的材料市場及相關(guān)配 套企業(yè) , 圍繞制鞋,鞋材生產(chǎn),生皮加工,鞋五金配件和鞋樣開發(fā)設(shè)計(jì)等諸多的相關(guān)產(chǎn)業(yè)也發(fā)展成熟 , 形成了 良好的產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈.這種產(chǎn)業(yè)的集聚為企業(yè)創(chuàng)造了很多競爭優(yōu)勢 , 降低了企業(yè)之間的交易成本.同時(shí) , 由于產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈內(nèi)充分的社會(huì)分工 , 每個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)都達(dá)到較高的熟練程度 , 形成較高的整體勞動(dòng)生產(chǎn)率 , 從而提高鞋業(yè)的整體競爭 力.另外。其次，我國有充足的勞動(dòng)力 , 為制鞋行業(yè)提供了豐富的人力資源 , 從而形成了穩(wěn)固的工業(yè)基礎(chǔ).我國是人口大國 , 豐富的勞動(dòng)力資源和低廉的勞動(dòng)力成本已成為我國經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展和吸引外 商投資的重要因素.由于我國的勞動(dòng)力成本較低 , 所以出口鞋類的價(jià)格明顯低 于意大利,西班牙,巴西,日本,韓國等國家 , 有些甚至低于越南,泰國等國的出口產(chǎn)品價(jià)格 , 顯示出較強(qiáng)的 價(jià)格優(yōu)勢.隨著制鞋技術(shù)的進(jìn)步,機(jī)械化水平的提高,制造工藝的改進(jìn),鞋類材料質(zhì)量的提高以及工人素質(zhì)的不斷提 升 , 我國的皮鞋,塑膠鞋,紡織面鞋在加工質(zhì)量方面已經(jīng)得到國內(nèi)外消費(fèi)者的認(rèn)可.從出口檢驗(yàn)情況看 , 產(chǎn)品 的開膠率,勾心抗彎剛度,剝離強(qiáng)度,耐折牢度,耐磨性能,標(biāo)識(shí)等均能符合出口國家的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)規(guī)定.我國鞋類出口競爭力的劣勢分析 ： 我國鞋類生產(chǎn)存在著產(chǎn)能過剩,成本上升,產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈低端,研發(fā),品牌及營銷投入不足等問題.行業(yè)惡性競爭嚴(yán)重 多年來 , 我國制鞋業(yè)一直以典型的粗放經(jīng)營模式發(fā)展 , 低價(jià)競銷現(xiàn)象嚴(yán)重.目前我國鞋類產(chǎn)品的生產(chǎn)能力 已經(jīng)大大超過市場的容納能力 , 產(chǎn)品價(jià)格一降再降 , 市場競爭達(dá)到了白熱化程度.粗放經(jīng)營,以量取勝的做法嚴(yán)重地阻礙了我國制鞋工業(yè)的進(jìn)一步發(fā)展.企業(yè)研發(fā)力量不足,人才匱乏 我國制鞋業(yè)科技力量薄弱 , 科技進(jìn)步貢獻(xiàn)率很低 , 科研,開發(fā),設(shè)計(jì),信息等方面的人才及相關(guān)的軟硬件 匱乏.制鞋企業(yè)多為低水平重復(fù) , 自主設(shè)計(jì)比重小 , 舒適性,功能性新產(chǎn)品的研究與國外差距很大 , 結(jié)構(gòu)性矛 盾非常突出.低價(jià)競爭使得我國制鞋業(yè)根本無力顧及科技的投入 , 從而進(jìn)入惡性循環(huán).人才的不足主要體現(xiàn)在經(jīng)營管理人才,營銷人才和科技人才的不足.缺乏國際知名品牌 目前我國鞋類產(chǎn)品已經(jīng)有了中國名牌,馳名商標(biāo)等 , 但這些品牌在國外的知名度和市場占有率很低.世界 知名品牌鞋的原產(chǎn)地基本上都是中國 , 都是國際品牌在中國做貼牌加工的 , 中國企業(yè)只負(fù)責(zé)生產(chǎn).由此看出 , 二，俄羅斯市場分析

近年來，俄羅斯本國鞋類生產(chǎn)能力有所增長，但因產(chǎn)品款式陳舊，品種單調(diào)，無法滿足市場的需求。因此，俄羅斯鞋類市場主要依賴進(jìn)口。如果俄羅斯保持政局穩(wěn)定，經(jīng)濟(jì)持續(xù)增長，俄羅斯消費(fèi)市場對(duì)于鞋等生活必需品的需求量會(huì)逐年增加，對(duì)產(chǎn)品品質(zhì)要求也會(huì)不斷提高。

就俄羅斯鞋類產(chǎn)品進(jìn)口種類而言，皮鞋所占比例最大，進(jìn)口量4457萬雙，進(jìn)口金額為6.7億美元，占鞋類產(chǎn)品進(jìn)口總額的57.3%；塑膠鞋進(jìn)口量為4948萬雙，進(jìn)口金額為3.5億美元，占總額的29.9%；紡織面鞋進(jìn)口1105萬雙，進(jìn)口金額為8409萬美元，占總額的7.2%。

俄羅斯進(jìn)口鞋類產(chǎn)品主要來自中國、意大利、越南、波蘭等國家。俄羅斯鞋類進(jìn)口市場中，我國鞋類產(chǎn)品的檔次較低。2006年，俄羅斯成品鞋的進(jìn)口均價(jià)為10.49美元/雙，比2005年增長了30.5%。其中皮鞋的進(jìn)口平均單價(jià)最高，達(dá)到15.12美元/雙，塑膠鞋進(jìn)口平均單價(jià)最低，一雙僅為7.06美元。

從俄羅斯進(jìn)口鞋類產(chǎn)品平均單價(jià)來看，羅馬尼亞近三年的進(jìn)口平均單價(jià)為29.60美元/雙，是從中國進(jìn)口鞋平均價(jià)格的4倍多。就進(jìn)口數(shù)量和金額而言，中國鞋類在俄羅斯市場占有絕對(duì)優(yōu)勢，但價(jià)格較低，各類鞋的平均單價(jià)均低于俄羅斯進(jìn)口市場的平均單價(jià)，從中國進(jìn)口的鞋類產(chǎn)品大多為低檔產(chǎn)品。

據(jù)俄經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展貿(mào)易部下設(shè)的經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)研究所估計(jì)，此后的5-10年俄羅斯鞋類銷售可望以12-14％的年增長率增加。特別是未來幾年俄羅斯經(jīng)濟(jì)若能持續(xù)增長，則品質(zhì)較高的鞋所占市場比重將會(huì)逐漸增加。從俄羅斯自己的生產(chǎn)能力來看，目前大約有近300家大中型鞋類生產(chǎn)企業(yè)，盡管在近幾年生產(chǎn)能力有所增長，但是俄羅斯鞋類市場上70-80%的產(chǎn)品仍然來源于進(jìn)口。目前俄羅斯的鞋業(yè)市場形成意大利貨、中國鞋和俄羅斯本國產(chǎn)品三分天下的局面。俄羅斯是意大利鞋的第二大進(jìn)口國，僅次于日本。意大利業(yè)者一向是皮鞋界的龍頭老大，旗下?lián)碛幸慌鷥?yōu)秀的設(shè)計(jì)師和制造工廠，這種優(yōu)勢在俄羅斯市場仍是他國業(yè)者無法超越的。由于在過去幾年俄羅斯本國生產(chǎn)者原料不足，在設(shè)計(jì)性和新穎性方面，俄羅斯產(chǎn)品比不上進(jìn)口產(chǎn)品，大部分業(yè)者一季最多推出５至６款新鞋，但是現(xiàn)在俄羅斯輕工業(yè)現(xiàn)在發(fā)展迅猛，俄羅斯經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展與貿(mào)易部副部長安德烈·別洛烏索夫認(rèn)為，俄羅斯輕工業(yè)完全有能力讓俄羅斯人穿上國產(chǎn)的服裝鞋帽，這些產(chǎn)品至少不會(huì)比中國生產(chǎn)的同類產(chǎn)品遜色。目前國家正在制定一系列鼓勵(lì)本國生產(chǎn)商的措施，其中包括降低進(jìn)口原料關(guān)稅等。莫斯科鞋子修理市場潛力大。

莫斯科人每年用于修理鞋子的開支達(dá)到了3.5-4億美元。目前在莫斯科柜臺(tái)每年銷售的鞋子約為2.5億雙，莫斯科鞋子市場以年6-8%的增速穩(wěn)定增長。因此專家估計(jì)，莫斯科的鞋子修理市場也具有不錯(cuò)的前景。莫斯科服務(wù)和消費(fèi)市場部副主任表示，由于城市機(jī)關(guān)部門對(duì)日常服務(wù)等領(lǐng)域的支持，莫斯科的鞋子維修市場在飛速發(fā)展。盡管有些人抱怨競爭激烈，但事實(shí)上目前在中等修理廠每天都能接到20-30個(gè)定單。跟中國一樣，經(jīng)常維修鞋子的人中女人占大部分，畢竟女鞋在市場上的份額比較大，為48%，而男鞋-24%，童鞋-28%。中等維修廠的服務(wù)價(jià)格清單。

三營銷策略：

市場競爭日趨激烈，市場細(xì)分也日益明顯。一個(gè)企業(yè)在營銷上的優(yōu)勢會(huì)逐步弱化。面對(duì)新形勢，就要及時(shí)調(diào)整營銷策略。實(shí)行“一牌多品”，進(jìn)行產(chǎn)業(yè)延伸，也有的實(shí)行“一品多牌”，實(shí)行精耕細(xì)作，立 體作戰(zhàn)。無論何種營銷策略，要想進(jìn)一步提高本企業(yè)產(chǎn)品的市場占有率，達(dá)到營銷制勝的目的，就必須創(chuàng)新銷售方式。據(jù)調(diào)查，任何一種營銷方式都有其一定的周期性，傳統(tǒng)的營銷渠道包括連鎖專賣，在提供購買的便利性、保持產(chǎn)品的新鮮度以及產(chǎn)品與價(jià) 格的等價(jià)性都是一個(gè)很大的問題，如專賣店和商場的商品，為支撐其品牌的形象，就必須在裝潢、形象方面下大力氣，這些都將增加運(yùn)營成本，最終這些成本的等價(jià)性方面就成了一個(gè)很大的問題。又如傳統(tǒng)不同品牌間的專賣店是分散型的分布，消費(fèi)者為購買同一類型的產(chǎn)品，為貨比 三家，不得不一家一家地尋找等等，為此，對(duì)傳統(tǒng)的渠道進(jìn)行手術(shù)，以提高消費(fèi)者滿意度為根本，提供消費(fèi)的便利性、消費(fèi)的物有所值性的渠 道變革就成為必然。為此，解決“看得到”、“買得到”、“成本低”、“檔次高”的問題已成為當(dāng)前企業(yè)家們必須研究的課題，同時(shí)在已有 專賣店、商場店中店等渠道的基礎(chǔ)上，提升服務(wù)質(zhì)量、增強(qiáng)整體的競爭能力也勢在必行。憂患中探索“零距離”銷售 世界營銷大師米爾頓·科特勒曾指出。鞋業(yè)品牌要在當(dāng)今及未來的鞋業(yè)營銷市場上制勝，就必須滿足消費(fèi)者的內(nèi)在需求：提高品牌的高附 加值、提供購買的便利性、保持產(chǎn)品的新鮮度以及產(chǎn)品與價(jià)格的等價(jià)性等，這些都成為激發(fā)消費(fèi)者發(fā)生購買行為的首要因素，為此對(duì)渠道進(jìn)行 變革、對(duì)終端進(jìn)行拉動(dòng)、對(duì)品牌進(jìn)行再造顯得非常必要。如今，廣大企業(yè)都很注重實(shí)施品牌戰(zhàn)略，一些已創(chuàng)出品牌產(chǎn)品的企業(yè)，更是積極利用品牌擴(kuò)大經(jīng)營，以期得到理想的品牌戰(zhàn)略效益。然而，品牌經(jīng)營雖可給企業(yè)帶來顯著效益，但它并非真正意義上的戰(zhàn)略舉措。

我們采取會(huì)員制營銷策略，會(huì)員營銷包含主動(dòng)營銷及買家粘度培養(yǎng)等方面，針對(duì)不同類型的會(huì)員，需要使用不同的方式。其核心是以用戶需求與用戶價(jià)值為導(dǎo)向，整合多種營銷方式，提高用戶滿意度及其價(jià)值。這里將引入客戶生命周期的概念，講解不同階段對(duì)會(huì)員可以做的事情。在客戶生命周期模型中，按照會(huì)員的價(jià)值及狀態(tài)不同，分為5個(gè)周期：客戶獲取、客戶提升、客戶成熟、客戶衰退、客戶離開。其中和重復(fù)購買率關(guān)系較大的是提升期與成熟期?？蛻籼嵘?這一階段的客戶在店鋪中產(chǎn)生過一兩次成交，對(duì)店鋪的服務(wù)與質(zhì)量有了一個(gè)初步的認(rèn)識(shí)，但是還沒形成長期購買的打算。

對(duì)于這個(gè)階段的客戶來說，需要重點(diǎn)考慮的問題是：如何把剛獲取的客戶培養(yǎng)成高價(jià)值客戶，使其產(chǎn)生更多的成交次數(shù)。主動(dòng)營銷是這個(gè)時(shí)期常用的手段，目的是刺激用戶需求，促使他們向成熟期過渡。常用的通道包括短信、電子郵件、旺旺、客服回訪等。客戶成熟期

培養(yǎng)客戶忠誠度是客戶成熟期需要考慮的問題。通常這一群體重復(fù)購買次數(shù)最多，給店鋪帶來的價(jià)值最大。對(duì)于這個(gè)群體，需要考慮的是如何通過差異化的服務(wù)和購物特權(quán)留住這些客戶，保持在店鋪中的消費(fèi)習(xí)慣。其核心思想是告訴客戶他們的每一次購物行為，都會(huì)在店鋪中積累價(jià)值，因此會(huì)得到更好的服務(wù)以及更優(yōu)惠的價(jià)格。

國 際 市 場 營 銷

第四篇：卡梅倫在俄羅斯國立大學(xué)的演講

http://

Speech at Moscow State University in Russia

David Cameron 12 September 2011

It’s great to be back in Moscow.I first came to Russia as a student in the year between school and university and I took the Trans-Siberian Railway from Nakhodka to Moscow.I went on to the Black Sea coast and when I was there two Russians, who spoke perfect English, turned up on a beach that was reserved for foreigners.They took me out to lunch;they took me out to dinner.They asked me intriguing questions about life in England, about what I thought about politics.And when I got to university I told my tutor about this and he asked me whether I thought it was an interview.Well, if it was, it seems I didn’t get the job.My fortunes have improved a bit since then and so have those of Russia.Moscow today is vibrant.Gone are the utopian slogans and the empty streets and shops.Today, Moscow is a bustling, colourful city that never sleeps.Russians have far more freedom to travel and the internet offers the ability to communicate with the world in a way that would have been unimaginable back then.Perhaps above all, there is a new energy here and with it a real sense of pride in Russia’s identity.Now, the relationship between Britain and Russia has improved too, certainly since the tense period of the Cold War, but there does remain the strong sense that we are still competitors.We both want the same things – prosperity, security – but we often behave as if we think we have to compete with each other in order to get them.As if Britain’s prosperity comes at the expense of Russia’s and vice versa.As if Britain being more secure means Russia being less secure.As if every issue must involve one of us winning and the other losing and the only question, therefore, is who wins and by how much?

Now, my message today is very different to that.Yes, of course, I accept that Britain and Russia have had a difficult relationship for some time and that we should be candid in areas where we still disagree, but I want to make the case this morning for a new approach based on cooperation.Right now, we both face enormous challenges, from providing for our ageing populations and securing sustainable economic growth to protecting our countries against a global terrorist threat.The countries that will be successful in the 21st century will not be those that hunker down, that pull up the drawbridge, that fail to overcome their differences with others.The successful countries will be those that work together and look to people like you – young, ambitious, with a national pride but a global vision – to help shape their future.So we face a choice: we can settle for the status quo where in too many areas we are in danger of working against each other and therefore both losing out, or we can take another path that is open to us – to cooperate, to work together and therefore both win.Today, I want to make the case that – let me try this again carefully – Вместе мы сильнее: together we are stronger.I studied economics not languages at university.I think that’s probably apparent.So let me start with the economy.Now, some people talk about trade as a competition in which one country’s success is another country’s failure.That if our exports grow then someone else’s will shrink.But the whole point about trade is that we are baking a bigger cake and everyone can benefit from it and this is particularly true, perhaps, of Russia and Britain.Russia is resource-rich and services-light whereas Britain is the opposite.In fact, Britain is already one of the largest foreign direct investors in Russia and Russian companies already account for around a quarter of all foreign initial public offerings on the London Stock Exchange.So we’re uniquely placed to help each other grow, but much of that growth won’t just happen of its own accord.I believe we have to help make it happen by working together in three ways: first, by creating the best possible business environment for trade and investment;second, by developing our partnership in key growth sectors like science and innovation where Britain and Russia have particular complementary strengths;and third, by working together on the global stage to help create the stability and security on which our future prosperity depends, and I want to say a word briefly about each of those three.Both our governments need to remember that businesses don’t have to invest in either of our countries, they choose to and we need to help them make that choice.That means ensuring the effective and predictable rule of law, not least so that companies can be confident that payments will be made promptly and that contracts will be enforced.It means getting to grips with our national finances so the budget deficits don’t undermine confidence and macroeconomic stability.It means creating a workforce with the skills and creativity to compete in the 21st century.And it means getting our tax rates low and competitive, minimising the burden of regulation so that business and entrepreneurship can flourish.This has been a real priority for me since I took office over a year ago.Britain has taken some really tough decisions to get to grips with a record budget deficit and we are working hard to create the best possible environment for business.We are creating the most competitive corporate tax regime in the G20.We are cutting the time it takes to set up a new business and we have issued a ‘one in, one out’ rule for regulation so that any minister who comes to me wanting to bring in a new regulation has to get rid of an existing one first.Today, I believe Britain offers Russia the strongest business environment in Europe and the lowest barriers to entrepreneurship almost anywhere in the world.We want to work with you to help strengthen Russia’s business environment too, so more British businesses can invest here, creating more jobs and better value products for Russian consumers and therefore more prosperity for all of us.UK goods exports to Russia are already ￡3.5 billion;that is up 50% on the last year alone and they’re growing by almost two-thirds in the first half of this year.We want to do everything we can now to build on this and take our trade and our investment to a new level.That is why we will support Russia’s accession to the World Trade Organisation and it’s why I’ve brought with me such a strong British business delegation with companies like BP that is responsible for Russia’s biggest foreign investment.Today, we are signing new deals worth ￡215 million, including Kingfisher opening nine new stores over the next three years, an important collaboration between Rolls-Royce and Rosatom on civil nuclear cooperation.At the same time, we’ll also be – we will work to give small and medium-sized companies the chance to trade.We should remember that it will be these companies not the biggest companies that will provide the lion’s share of the growth and jobs of the future, and what I said about choosing to invest and choosing to stay and the need for effective and predictable rule of law to ensure payments applies particularly to those small and medium-sized companies.But opening up trade and investment is not enough on its own.As governments, we need to support the innovation and entrepreneurship that can drive growth.Vital to this, as Prime Minister Putin has said, are breakthrough ideas in science and technology.In this UK-Russia Year of Space we are already seeing the foundations of great cooperation in medicine and satellite technology which is improving global disaster monitoring and earthquake predictions.Go into a Russian secondary school this month and, for the first time, there are plastic display computers robust enough to be dropped on the ground, funded by RUSNANO and developed by Plastic Logic, a spinoff from Cambridge University.Today also sees the launch of Pro Bono Bio, the result of a two-year Anglo-Russian project to create a new international pharmaceutical company with a unique humanitarian mission, offering free drug donations to Africa based on the sales of its products in Western Europe.I believe we can do even more in this vital sector and many of you can play a role in helping us to do so.In the UK, we are creating a tech hub, a Silicon Valley of our own in East London.Here, President Medvedev has founded the Skolkovo Innovation City.World-leading British universities including Cambridge, Oxford, Imperial and Glynd?r in Wales will be working with Skolkovo on lasers, optics, nuclear and energy efficiency.Of course, it is not just science and technology.There are a whole range of sectors where we have complementary strengths which can boost our mutual prosperity, from supporting the modernisation of Russian railways to working together in the run up to the London Olympics and the Sochi Winter Olympics, where British companies are already working on the main stadia.Cooperation rather than just competition is the way to stronger growth and prosperity for us all.But we do not just share bilateral interests between Britain and Russia.At the G20 we share an interest in strong and sustainable global growth.We must address the economic and financial imbalances that brought the global economy to its knees only three years ago.Russia and Britain can work together at the G20 to promote the global economic stability on which we all depend.So how Britain and Russia work together really matters for the prosperity of all our people and the same is also true for security.On geopolitics, many of our interests are actually much closer than we might think.Whether we are talking about Islamic extremism, nuclear proliferation, counternarcotics, climate change, Britain and Russia actually share many of the same concerns.Moscow and London have both been victims of horrific terrorist attacks.We need to unite against the threat of terrorism and the warped ideology that underpins it, we need to work together with our international partners to prevent countries like Iran from acquiring nuclear weapons, and as new technologies develop to allow us to defend ourselves better against the threat of ballistic missiles from rogue states, we need to cooperate to ensure they make us all safer, not compete against each other in a new arms race.We have shared interests in stability in the Middle East and North Africa too.I know we have not always agreed, Britain and Russia, about how to achieve that stability.Let me put my cards on the table: the view I have come to is that the stability of corrupt and violent repressive dictatorships in Middle Eastern states, like Gaddafi’s in Libya, is a false stability.The transition to democracy may well have its difficulties and its dangers, but it is not only the best long-term path to peaceful progress, it is also a powerful alternative to the poisonous narrative of Islamist extremism that had poisoned so many young people’s minds.I believe that Britain and Russia and the whole international community have a role to play in helping to support peace, stability and security across the Arab world.Of course there are sceptics in both our countries who will doubt that we can ever get beyond the competitive ideological instincts of the past.There are two groups in particular which I want to take on today;there are the Britain-sceptics, those who think that we will always clash because Britain cannot be trusted and that we will use the disagreements of the past as a pretext to put Russia down.And then there are the Russia-sceptics, those who say that Russia should not modernise, should not innovate, should not open up to the outside world because modernisation will undermine stability and prosperity.To the Britain-sceptics I say this: yes, there remain difficult issue that hamper mutual trust and cooperation, there are extradition cases Russia wants to pursue and we still disagree with you over the Litvinenko case.On that, let me say this: our approach is simple and principled.When a crime is committed that is a matter for the courts;it is their job to examine the evidence impartially and determine innocence or guilt.The accused has a right to a fair trial, the victim and their family have a right to justice, it is the job of governments to help courts do their work and that will continue to be our approach.So we cannot pretend these differences do not exist.We need to keep working for an honest and open dialogue to address them candidly, but at the same time we have a responsibility to recognise the many ways in which we do need each other, to end the old culture of tit for tat and find ways for us to work together to advance our mutual interests.Now, to the Russia-sceptics who believe that modernisation will undermine stability and prosperity, I say take another look.Modernisation is the only way to guarantee stability and prosperity.President Medvedev and Prime Minister Putin have been clear about this too.Prime Minister Putin’s strategic goals for 2020 make clear the importance of effective market and government institutions.President Medvedev has emphasised his focus on tackling corruption as being fundamental to Russia’s progress.Back in June he said that Russia’s focus needs to include, and I quote, ‘Real progress in fighting corruption, establishment of a modern police force and other law enforcement agencies, and efforts to make the judicial system more effective.’

Let me say, from my own experience I have no illusions about how hard these issues can be.In Britain we have our own serious challenges too.The rule of law is vital;vital for foreign investment, for entrepreneurship and innovation, for people to be encouraged to start their own businesses.They need to have faith that the state, the judiciary and the police will protect their hard work and not put the obstacles of bureaucracy, regulation or corruption in their way.I have talked to many British businesses;I have no doubt about their ambition to work in Russia and it is also clear that the concerns that continue to make them hold back are real concerns.They need to know that they can go to a court confident that a contract will be enforced objectively and that their assets and premises won’t be unlawfully taken away from them.In the long run the rule of law is what delivers stability and security.I believe the best guarantor of prosperity and stability is for economic and political progress and political openness to go step in step together.When people get economically richer they make legitimate demands for political freedoms to match their economic freedoms.And as they start to benefit from a free media, guaranteed human rights, the rule of law, and a greater stake in how their society is run so they will have the confidence and energy to invest in a new cycle of innovation and growth.And that is something I believe to be true in every part of the world.So I believe we can prove the sceptics wrong.We can rebuild the relationship between Britain and Russia, working together to develop a modern and ambitious partnership which will help both our countries achieve a more prosperous and secure future.Of course none of this will just happen;a new partnership requires bold decisions, it requires a commitment from both countries.I am here today to make that commitment on behalf of Britain and I hope that Russia will match it.In the last twenty years Russia and Britain have both come a long way but each largely on their own.In the next twenty years I believe we can go very much further as we prove – and let me end trying once again – that Вместе мы сильнее.Thank you.Question

Prime Minister, at what time and what stage of your life did you make up your mind to become a politician and why?

Prime Minister

Very good question.Certainly when I was here in 1985 when I was a student I wasn’t sure I wanted to be a politician;I wasn’t sure what I wanted to do.So there was for me no blinding moment when I thought, ‘That’s it, I want to be a politician’.I think there was a growing view that the most important thing you can do in life is public service and politics is a good way of being in public service.You’re both grappling with the big issues and problems that affect your country and your world but also you’re working with people and working for people at the same time.And I worked for a Member of Parliament also between that year of school and university and saw a little bit about what politics involved and that triggered a growing interest that grew as I went through university and left university and then I decided I wanted to try myself to be in politics.But as they say: if you go into politics, you should always have a second career as well just in case it doesn’t work out.Question

Many people who got an English visa always say that this procedure is very difficult.Is it possible to simplify this procedure in the nearest future?

Prime Minister

That’s an important issue, the whole issue of visas between Britain and Russia.I’ve been looking again at the statistics and there’s not a big difference between the number of visas that Britain issues to Russians and the number of visas that Russia issues to Britain.And actually there’s not a big difference either in the prices that we both pay.So of course we have to have effective border controls, both our countries.We have to have an effective way of making sure that we have our borders under control.We always can look at ways to make sure it is faster, more efficient but I think I’m right in saying that over the last year something like 96% of the visas that have been asked for by Russian citizens have been granted and I think most of them have been processed within 15 days, so we’ll always look at having an effective procedure but I think you’ll find the two systems are really quite similar for travel both ways.But I’m sure it’s one of the many issues that I’ll be able to discuss with your President when we meet later today.Question

I’ve heard a little about the Big Society and I’m wondering how successful it’s been so far in the UK.Prime Minister

Thank you.Well, this is a very simple idea which I think can apply all across the world which is that we often think that only governments can deliver the things that we need: whether it is education;whether it is help for people who are in trouble;whether it is rehabilitation for drugs.We often turn to government immediately to say ‘what’s the government doing?’ The whole idea behind the Big Society is to say actually when you look at many of these problems that need solutions, we often find it is churches, charities, voluntary bodies, community groups, people coming together to come up with new, innovative solutions that works best.So the Big Society is all about saying, ‘How do we take that excellent practice that already exists and try and encourage it;try and boost it;try and help it deliver more;try and get rid of all the barriers in the way of voluntary bodies, charities, churches, community groups doing more.’

And that is what we’re doing in the UK.We’re encouraging volunteering;we’re encouraging the voluntary sector;we’re trying to cut all the bureaucracy that gets in the way of people wanting to help each other.And then we have one or two specific things that we’re doing that we believe will make a big difference.So for instance we are establishing a Big Society Bank because if you ask charities, churches, voluntary groups ‘what is it that stops you doing the brilliant thing you’re doing in one area in lots of areas?’ They will say that unlike businesses, ‘We can’t get hold of loans, we can’t get hold of funding, we only get the money for one year – we need proper money so that we can expand our brilliant school or our drug rehab project or our community project’ and so this Big Society Bank will be able to lend them money so that they are able to expand and replicate what they do in many different parts of the country.And why I think the Big Society concept will be taken on by many other countries in the world is that I think we all face two of the same problems.Firstly, there is a limit to the amount of money that government can spend and raise to solve problems, and secondly, there are no end of problems that often get more complex, that need solutions.And I think we all know in our own countries if you ask ‘which is the best organisation for rehousing the homeless;for tackling drug addiction;for helping children who are not getting on at school;for teaching people to read?’

When you ask that question, so often the answer is not the department of state that is responsible for it, but the brilliant charity that has started up and is actually solving those problems itself.So, I think the concept of the Big Society is one that has existed for thousands of years in our societies, but it’s getting ever more relevant and it needs governments that understand that and that can help others to do good work, rather than to think governments do it all on their own.Question

You speak about Russian-English cooperation, but how could we improve this when Europe does not have any combined system of international relationships? The USA deploys missiles in western countries.Can Europe answer to this challenge?

Prime Minister

Is it really possible for Britain and Russia, or America and Russia, who had such a difficult relationship for so many years – is it possible to have a much stronger relationship? Well, my answer to that is yes, and for this very personal reason.When I think about when I came to Russia in 1985, and you think of the huge gulf between us during the Cold War, coming into a country where I remember as I got off the train in Moscow I was met by someone I have never heard of before, but he wanted to know what was a British student doing in Moscow on his own and not as part of some tourist group.During the Cold War there was this incredibly frozen relationship where things couldn’t get better.At that time, many people would have said, ‘This will go on for years.This will go on forever.There’s no reason why the Cold War will end.’ But it did end.Never believe that just because a relationship is difficult now it can’t be better in the future.I think there are many reasons for optimism.You mentioned the issue of missiles.Again, I would say if you compare, when I was a student there was the deployment of Russian missiles, there was the deployment of cruise and Pershing missiles by the West.There were growing tensions and growing arms races.All that now has changed, so I don’t think you should be pessimistic at all about a proud, independent country like Russia, with its own nuclear deterrent, can’t have a good and strong relationship with a country like America or a country like Britain, France, Italy or Germany.Obviously we have a huge amount of work to strengthen these relationships and there are all sorts of scepticism and mistrust on the path.I think the whole point of visits like this and other people who’ve been to Russia is to try and break down some of those barriers and recognise that in international relations – after all, the relations between people in Russia and Britain are extremely strong, and so there is no reason why the relationships between the British government and the Russian government should not be stronger too.That is the reason I have come here today.In that spirit, I thank you very much for listening to my speech and for providing me with such good questions.May I take the opportunity to wish all of you well in your studies here at Moscow University and wish you a very strong and prosperous future.Thank you very much indeed.

第五篇：曾毅,中國科學(xué)院院士,俄羅斯醫(yī)學(xué)科學(xué)院外籍院士

唐叔賢教授

唐叔賢教授是一名頂尖物理學(xué)家，學(xué)術(shù)成就卓越。唐教授在香港出生，曾就讀於九龍?zhí)列W(xué)及九龍華仁中學(xué)。1964年於香港大學(xué)畢業(yè)，1969年於加州大學(xué)(Irvine分校)取得博士學(xué)位。唐教授不但精於理論物理學(xué)，更在材料表面物理學(xué)範(fàn)疇上取得超卓成就(材料表面物理即是納米科學(xué)的前身)。唐教授是美國物理學(xué)會(huì)會(huì)士及中國科學(xué)院院士。

唐教授在2003年底出任香港城市大學(xué)常務(wù)副校長，協(xié)助校長領(lǐng)導(dǎo)大學(xué)教學(xué)與研究的規(guī)劃、發(fā)展、制訂、執(zhí)行及監(jiān)管工作。在出任常務(wù)副校長一職前，唐教授曾先後在美國及本港擔(dān)任多項(xiàng)學(xué)術(shù)要職，其中包括於威斯康辛州立大學(xué)米爾土瓦基分校擔(dān)任物理系傑出教授及表面研究中心主任，於美國國家自然科學(xué)基金會(huì)擔(dān)任項(xiàng)目主管，並於萬國商業(yè)機(jī)器等多家公司兼任顧問。在1994至2001年期間，唐教授出任香港大學(xué)物理系系主任?，F(xiàn)時(shí)他兼任合肥微尺度物質(zhì)科學(xué)國家實(shí)驗(yàn)室主任。

揭開納米之謎 講座簡介

近年納米科技以雷霆萬鈞之勢迅速發(fā)展。由1997至2005年的八年間，全球投資在這方面的科研總額就增長了十倍有多。僅在2005年，全球投資在納米科技研究的費(fèi)用就超過300億港元。有關(guān)的論文由1997年只有數(shù)千份飆升至2005年的3萬份。這些文章牽涉的範(fàn)疇很廣，例如物理、化學(xué)、材料、工程、生物及醫(yī)學(xué)等等，可說是包羅萬有。應(yīng)用了納米技術(shù)的產(chǎn)品就更是無處不在，如化妝品、防曬露、油漆、紡織品、醫(yī)藥以及形形式式的各種電子產(chǎn)品等。究竟甚麼是納米技術(shù)？到底這是不是一個(gè)全新的科學(xué)領(lǐng)域？若然，為何它會(huì)如此迅速地發(fā)展？為何不同領(lǐng)域均說其有納米技術(shù)？這個(gè)講座就是要揭開這些謎團(tuán)。在應(yīng)用納米技術(shù)時(shí)通常用到「量子效應(yīng)」和「微細(xì)效應(yīng)」，屆時(shí)講座亦會(huì)介紹這兩種效應(yīng)的知識(shí)。