第一篇:楊潔篪國(guó)務(wù)委員在第六輪中美戰(zhàn)略與經(jīng)濟(jì)對(duì)話聯(lián)合記者會(huì)上的講話
各位記者朋友們,女士們,先生們:
大家下午好。
第六輪中美戰(zhàn)略與經(jīng)濟(jì)對(duì)話已落下帷幕。兩天來(lái),中美雙方圍繞落實(shí)兩國(guó)元首達(dá)成的重要共識(shí)、推進(jìn)中美新型大國(guó)關(guān)系建設(shè)坦誠(chéng)、深入地交換了意見(jiàn),達(dá)成了廣泛共識(shí),取得了重要的積極成果。
本輪對(duì)話的成功離不開(kāi)兩國(guó)元首的支持和指導(dǎo)。習(xí)近平主席出席戰(zhàn)略與經(jīng)濟(jì)對(duì)話和人文交流高層磋商聯(lián)合開(kāi)幕式并發(fā)表重要講話。奧巴馬總統(tǒng)向本輪對(duì)話發(fā)來(lái)書(shū)面致辭。今天下午,習(xí)主席、李克強(qiáng)總理還將分別會(huì)見(jiàn)美方兩位特別代表。兩國(guó)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人的親自規(guī)劃、推動(dòng)和引領(lǐng),為雙方團(tuán)隊(duì)的工作注入了強(qiáng)大的動(dòng)力。
在戰(zhàn)略對(duì)話中,我同克里國(guó)務(wù)卿圍繞推進(jìn)中美新型大國(guó)關(guān)系建設(shè)這一主題,就雙邊關(guān)系和共同關(guān)心的重大國(guó)際地區(qū)及全球性問(wèn)題進(jìn)行了坦誠(chéng)、深入和建設(shè)性的對(duì)話。
我們雙方都積極評(píng)價(jià)中美建交35年來(lái)兩國(guó)關(guān)系取得的發(fā)展,同意繼續(xù)按照兩國(guó)元首達(dá)成的重要共識(shí),加強(qiáng)務(wù)實(shí)合作,建設(shè)性管控分歧,不斷推進(jìn)中美新型大國(guó)關(guān)系建設(shè)。雙方重申致力于加強(qiáng)兩國(guó)高層及其他各級(jí)別的交往。兩國(guó)元首將繼續(xù)通過(guò)訪問(wèn)、會(huì)晤、通話、通信等方式保持經(jīng)常性溝通。
雙方同意加強(qiáng)在反恐、執(zhí)法、反腐、海關(guān)、漁業(yè)、海事、交通、領(lǐng)事、殘障人士保護(hù)、能源與氣候變化、核安全、環(huán)保、科技與農(nóng)業(yè)、衛(wèi)生、地方等廣泛領(lǐng)域的合作。
在戰(zhàn)略對(duì)話框架下,雙方舉行了戰(zhàn)略安全對(duì)話、經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展和改革對(duì)話、氣候變化政策對(duì)話以及聯(lián)合國(guó)維和、蘇丹和南蘇丹問(wèn)題、打擊野生動(dòng)植物非法交易等對(duì)口磋商。雙方簽署了綠色合作伙伴結(jié)對(duì)計(jì)劃。
雙方同意認(rèn)真落實(shí)兩國(guó)兩軍領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人就發(fā)展兩軍關(guān)系達(dá)成的共識(shí),深化兩軍交流與合作,推動(dòng)中美新型軍事關(guān)系建設(shè)。雙方將繼續(xù)開(kāi)展在反海盜、海上搜救、人道主義救援減災(zāi)等領(lǐng)域的聯(lián)合演習(xí),致力于及早建立兩軍重大軍事行動(dòng)相互通報(bào)機(jī)制,并進(jìn)一步就制定公海海域海空軍事安全行為準(zhǔn)則加強(qiáng)磋商。
雙方主管部門(mén)舉行了氣候變化工作組會(huì)議,重申加強(qiáng)在削減氫氟碳化物方面的合作,決定在原有的載重汽車(chē)和其他汽車(chē)減排、智能電網(wǎng)、碳捕集利用和封存、溫室氣體數(shù)據(jù)的收集和管理、能效等5個(gè)領(lǐng)域基礎(chǔ)上,增加工業(yè)鍋爐和森林,作為新的合作領(lǐng)域納入工作組的框架。中方重申了在臺(tái)灣、涉藏等問(wèn)題上的原則立場(chǎng),強(qiáng)調(diào)雙方應(yīng)該尊重彼此主權(quán)和領(lǐng)土完整,尊重各自對(duì)社會(huì)制度和發(fā)展道路的選擇,以建設(shè)性的方式處理分歧和摩擦。
雙方同意共同努力維護(hù)本地區(qū)的和平穩(wěn)定和繁榮,一致認(rèn)為建設(shè)性的中美關(guān)系對(duì)中美兩國(guó)亞太政策都至關(guān)重要。雙方承諾為建立一個(gè)更加穩(wěn)定、和平與繁榮的亞太地區(qū)做出努力,并就亞太事務(wù)加強(qiáng)溝通與協(xié)調(diào)。雙方還討論了亞太地區(qū)的最近發(fā)展,決定在包括亞太經(jīng)合組織、東亞峰會(huì)、東盟地區(qū)論壇等多邊機(jī)制框架內(nèi)加強(qiáng)溝通、協(xié)調(diào)。雙方積極評(píng)價(jià)第五次中美亞太事務(wù)磋商,并決定于今年在美國(guó)舉行下一次磋商。
中方在對(duì)話中重申了在東海、南海問(wèn)題上的原則立場(chǎng),強(qiáng)調(diào)中方將繼續(xù)堅(jiān)定維護(hù)領(lǐng)土主權(quán)和海洋權(quán)益,同時(shí)始終致力于與直接當(dāng)事方通過(guò)對(duì)話協(xié)商處理和解決有關(guān)問(wèn)題。中方要求美方秉持客觀、公正立場(chǎng),恪守不選邊站隊(duì)的承諾,為維護(hù)地區(qū)和平穩(wěn)定發(fā)揮建設(shè)性的作用。雙方討論了一系列國(guó)際地區(qū)問(wèn)題,一致認(rèn)為中美兩國(guó)對(duì)維護(hù)世界的和平穩(wěn)定負(fù)有重要責(zé)任,將就朝鮮半島核、伊朗核、阿富汗等問(wèn)題保持密切磋商與協(xié)調(diào)。
在朝鮮半島核問(wèn)題上,雙方確認(rèn)以和平方式實(shí)現(xiàn)半島無(wú)核化、維護(hù)半島和平穩(wěn)定的重要性。中方指出,有關(guān)各方在當(dāng)前形勢(shì)下應(yīng)保持冷靜克制,謹(jǐn)言慎行,多做有利于局勢(shì)緩和的事。雙方同意繼續(xù)就有關(guān)問(wèn)題保持密切溝通。
網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全問(wèn)題是各國(guó)面臨的共同威脅和挑戰(zhàn)。中方一貫主張?jiān)谙嗷プ鹬?、相互信任的基礎(chǔ)上加強(qiáng)合作,共同構(gòu)建和平、安全、開(kāi)放合作的網(wǎng)絡(luò)空間。中方認(rèn)為網(wǎng)絡(luò)空間不應(yīng)成為損害別國(guó)利益的工具。中方希望美方為中美在網(wǎng)絡(luò)領(lǐng)域開(kāi)展對(duì)話合作創(chuàng)造條件。
女士們,先生們,本輪對(duì)話為雙方加深對(duì)彼此戰(zhàn)略意圖和政策的了解、深化兩國(guó)利益交融格局、促進(jìn)廣泛領(lǐng)域合作、增進(jìn)兩國(guó)人民友誼、有效管控分歧發(fā)揮了重要作用。
我再次感謝克里國(guó)務(wù)卿和雅各布·盧財(cái)長(zhǎng)率領(lǐng)的團(tuán)隊(duì)來(lái)中國(guó)舉行戰(zhàn)略與經(jīng)濟(jì)對(duì)話。衷心感謝雙方團(tuán)隊(duì)為本輪對(duì)話付出的辛勤勞動(dòng)。期待來(lái)年我們?cè)谌A盛頓再次相聚。
Dear friends from the Press,Ladies and gentlemen,Good afternoon.The sixth round of the China-US Strategic and Economic Dialogue has concluded.Over the past two days, the two sides, focusing on the important agreement between our presidents, had sincere and in-depth exchange of views on
promoting a new model of major-country relations between the two countries, reached extensive consensus and achieved important and positive outcomes.The success of the dialogue could not have been achieved without the support and guidance of the two presidents.President Xi Jinping attended the joint opening ceremony of the S&ED and CPE and delivered an important
speech.President Obama sent a written statement.This afternoon, President Xi Jinping and Premier Li Keqiang will, respectively, meet with the two US special representatives.The personal involvement, direct input and guidance of our leaders have injected a strong impetus into the work of the two teams.During the strategic dialogue, Secretary Kerry and I, focusing on the theme of promoting a new model of major-country relations, had sincere, in-depth and constructive discussions on the bilateral relations and major international, regional and global issues of shared interest.We both spoke positively of the achievements in China-US relations over the past 35 years of our diplomatic ties, decided to enhance pragmatic cooperation,constructively manage differences, and continue to promote the building of a new model of major-country relations between China and the United States in accordance with the consensus reached by the presidents of our two countries.We both reaffirmed the commitment to strengthen exchanges at the top and other levels.The two presidents will maintain frequent communication through visits, meetings, telephone conversations and correspondence.The two sides agreed to strengthen cooperation on a wide range of areas,including counterterrorism, law enforcement, anti-corruption, customs, fishery, maritime affairs, transportation, consular affairs, protection of persons with disabilities, energy and climate change, nuclear security, environmental protection, science and technology, agriculture, health, and those at
sub-national levels.As part of the strategic dialogue , the two sides held sub-dialogues on strategic security, economic development and reform, and climate change policy, as well as breakout sessions on UN peacekeeping operations, Sudan and South Sudan, and combating wildlife trafficking.The two sides also signed EcoPartnership agreements.The two sides agreed to earnestly implement the consensus reached between our national and military leaders on developing military-to-military relations, deepen exchanges and cooperation between our militaries, and promote a new model of military-to-military relations between China and the United States.The two sides will continue to conduct joint exercises on counter-piracy,maritime search and rescue, humanitarian assistance and disaster relief.The two sides are committed to setting up at an early date a notification mechanism for major military activities and have agreed to further strengthen their
consultation on the rules of behavior on military air and maritime activities in international waters.The competent authorities of the two countries held a Climate Change Working Group meeting and reaffirmed their commitment to closer cooperation to phase down hydrofluorocarbons.We have decided that on top of the existing five areas – namely heavy-duty and other vehicles, smart grids, carbon capture, use and storage, collecting and managing greenhouse gas data, and energy efficiency – to add industrial boilers and forests as new areas of cooperation to the work of the working group.The Chinese side reaffirmed its principled position on Taiwan, Tibet and other questions, and emphasized that both sides should respect each other’s
sovereignty and territorial integrity, respect each other’s choice of development
path and social system, and handle their differences and frictions in a constructive manner.The two sides agreed to jointly uphold peace, stability and prosperity in the region, and both sides believe that a constructive China-US relationship is crucial to their Asia-Pacific policies.The two sides pledged to work towards a more stable, peaceful and prosperous Asia-Pacific region and to enhance
communication and coordination on Asia-Pacific affairs.The two sides discussed the latest developments in the Asia-Pacific region and decided to enhance
communication and coordination within multilateral forums, such as APEC, East Asia Summit(EAS)and ASEAN Regional Forum(ARF).The two sides spoke positively about the fifth China-US Asia-Pacific Consultations and decided to hold the next round in the United States later this year.The Chinese side reaffirmed its principled position on the issues of East China Sea and South China Sea, reaffirmed that China will continue to firmly uphold its territorial sovereignty and maritime rights, and at the same time, stay committed to handling and resolving relevant issues through dialogue and consultation between the parties directly concerned.China urges the United States to adopt an objective and impartial position, honor its commitment of not choosing sides, and play a constructive role in maintaining peace and stability in this region.The two sides discussed a number of international and regional issues, and both believe that they have important responsibilities for upholding peace and stability in the world, and will continue their close consultations and
coordination on the Korean Peninsula nuclear issue, the Iranian nuclear issue, Afghanistan and other issues.On the Korean Peninsula nuclear issue, the two sides reaffirmed the importance of realizing the denuclearization of the Korean Peninsula in a peaceful manner as well as safeguarding peace and stability on the Korean Peninsula.The
Chinese side pointed out that given the current circumstances, all sides should exercise calm and restraint, be discreet in words and actions, and do more things to ease the situation.The two sides agreed to continue their close consultation on the relevant matters.Cyber-security is a common threat and challenge facing all countries.China maintains that countries should strengthen cooperation on the basis of mutual respect and trust, and work together to build a peaceful, secure, open and cooperative cyber environment.China believes that cyberspace should not be used to damage the interests of other countries.China hopes that the US would
create conditions for dialogue and cooperation between the two countries in cyber-space.Ladies and gentlemen,This round of dialogue has played an important role in helping the two sides to better understand each other’s strategic intention and policy, deepen
converging interests, promote cooperation in all areas, increase friendship and effectively manage differences.Once again, I wish to thank Secretary Kerry, Secretary Lew and their teams for coming to China to attend the S&ED.I also thank both teams for their hard work, and I look forward to meeting all of you again next year in Washington.
第二篇:汪洋副總理在第六輪中美戰(zhàn)略與經(jīng)濟(jì)對(duì)話聯(lián)合記者會(huì)上的致辭
各位記者朋友:
大家久等了!經(jīng)過(guò)兩天緊張有序的工作,第六輪中美戰(zhàn)略與經(jīng)濟(jì)對(duì)話取得了圓滿(mǎn)成功。經(jīng)濟(jì)對(duì)話中,雙方圍繞“宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)政策與結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整”、“深化貿(mào)易與投資合作”、“金融業(yè)改革開(kāi)放與跨境監(jiān)管合作”三大議題,進(jìn)行了坦誠(chéng)深入的交流。對(duì)話充分體現(xiàn)了習(xí)近平主席在聯(lián)合開(kāi)幕式致辭中提出的“立足現(xiàn)實(shí)、著眼長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn),深入溝通、相向而行,相互尊重、聚同化異,平等互利、深化合作”的期望和要求,擴(kuò)大了共識(shí),縮小了分歧,達(dá)成了近90項(xiàng)重要成果。雙方承諾進(jìn)一步加強(qiáng)宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)政策溝通與合作。美方繼續(xù)支持轉(zhuǎn)向以更高投資和國(guó)民儲(chǔ)蓄為支撐的增長(zhǎng)方式,削減聯(lián)邦預(yù)算赤字,降低債務(wù)比重,鼓勵(lì)私人儲(chǔ)蓄,并高度關(guān)注美國(guó)貨幣政策對(duì)國(guó)際金融體系的影響。美方承諾與中方保持密切溝通與合作,支持中方辦好APEC年會(huì)。雙方將繼續(xù)加強(qiáng)在G20框架下的合作,推進(jìn)國(guó)際金融治理改革。雙方支持對(duì)世行股權(quán)結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行定期審議,美方承諾盡快完成對(duì)2010年IMF份額和執(zhí)董會(huì)改革方案的國(guó)內(nèi)審批。雙方就化石燃料補(bǔ)貼同行審議任務(wù)說(shuō)明書(shū)達(dá)成一致,并敦促更多G20國(guó)家參與同行審議。
雙方同意爭(zhēng)取2014年就雙邊投資協(xié)定文本的核心問(wèn)題和主要條款達(dá)成一致,并承諾2015年早期啟動(dòng)負(fù)面清單談判。美方歡迎中國(guó)企業(yè)赴美投資,承諾對(duì)各類(lèi)中國(guó)投資者保持開(kāi)放的投資環(huán)境。美方承諾美國(guó)外國(guó)投資委員會(huì)審查的外國(guó)投資項(xiàng)目,使用相同的規(guī)則和標(biāo)準(zhǔn),承諾繼續(xù)與中方就外國(guó)投資審查程序中的概念進(jìn)行討論和解釋。
雙方就《信息技術(shù)協(xié)議》擴(kuò)圍開(kāi)展了建設(shè)性的討論。雙方同意在未來(lái)幾周內(nèi)繼續(xù)進(jìn)行討論,為恢復(fù)諸邊談判創(chuàng)造條件。
美方承諾在出口管制體系改革過(guò)程中給予中國(guó)公平待遇,鼓勵(lì)和便利民用高技術(shù)產(chǎn)品對(duì)華出口。美方同意就《2014財(cái)年綜合撥款法案》中的涉華事項(xiàng)與中方進(jìn)行討論。
美方承諾評(píng)估對(duì)液化天然氣出口審批程序進(jìn)行調(diào)整,提高評(píng)估程序的效率,及時(shí)向中方通報(bào)相關(guān)進(jìn)展?fàn)顟B(tài)。
雙方同意加強(qiáng)金融合作,包括在影子銀行、場(chǎng)外衍生品改革、審計(jì)跨境監(jiān)管、會(huì)計(jì)準(zhǔn)則等領(lǐng)域的合作。雙方歡迎就《海外賬戶(hù)稅收合規(guī)法案》達(dá)成政府間協(xié)議,美方承諾將中資金融機(jī)構(gòu)視為合規(guī)。
這些來(lái)之不易的重要成果,為今年11月份兩國(guó)元首會(huì)晤打好了基礎(chǔ),也為構(gòu)建中美新型大國(guó)關(guān)系注入了正能量。
我想強(qiáng)調(diào)的是,理解和互信是中美兩個(gè)大國(guó)實(shí)現(xiàn)合作共贏的重要前提,對(duì)話與溝通是兩國(guó)友好相處的重要途徑。一年來(lái),我與雅各布·盧財(cái)長(zhǎng)保持著熱線聯(lián)系,雙方工作團(tuán)隊(duì)頻繁磋商,為辦好本輪經(jīng)濟(jì)對(duì)話傾注了心血和汗水。本輪戰(zhàn)略與經(jīng)濟(jì)對(duì)話的成功,再次證明中美兩國(guó)人民有能力、有智慧處理好雙方的矛盾和分歧,戰(zhàn)勝各種艱難險(xiǎn)阻,確保中美關(guān)系的大船始終沿著正確的航道破浪前進(jìn)!
最好,衷心感謝記者朋友們對(duì)本輪對(duì)話的關(guān)注和報(bào)道,中美關(guān)系健康發(fā)展也有你們的一份成績(jī)和功勞!
謝謝大家!
Friends from the press,Sorry to have kept you waiting.Following two days of intensive and efficient work, the sixth round of the China-US Strategic and Economic Dialogue
(S&ED)concluded with great success.During the economic dialogue, the two sides have had candid and in-depth exchange of views on three major topics: macroeconomic policy and structural reform;deepening trade and
investment cooperation;financial sector reform and opening and cross-border financial regulation.The dialogue was conducted in a way as President Xi Jinping expected and hoped when he addressed the opening ceremony.The two sides did keep our feet firmly on the ground while setting our eyes to the long-term future, have thorough communication and work in the same direction, uphold mutual respect, seek common ground while resolving differences and pursue mutual benefit on an equal footing and boost cooperation.With nearly 90 important outcomes, the dialogue has expanded consensus and narrowed differences.The two sides commit to further strengthen macroeconomic policy
communication and cooperation.The US side will continue to support moving towards a pattern of growth characterized by higher investment and national savings, cut federal budget deficit, reduce debt-to-GDP ratio, encourage
personal saving, and pay closer attention to the impact of its monetary policy on the international financial system.The US commits to maintain close
communication and cooperation with China and to support China in hosting a successful APEC Economic Leaders Meeting.The two sides will continue to strengthen cooperation in the G20 and advance international financial governance reform.The two sides support the World Bank periodically reviewing its shareholding structure.The US side commits to complete its domestic approval of the 2010 IMF quota and governance reforms as soon as possible.The two sides have agreed on the terms of reference for peer review of fossil fuel subsidy, and urge more G20 countries to participate in this initiative.The two sides agree to work to reach an agreement on the core issues and main articles of the Bilateral Investment Treaty(BIT)in 2014 and commit to initiate the “negative list” negotiation early in 2015.The US side welcomes Chinese enterprises’ investment in the United States and commits to maintain an open investment environment for all Chinese investors.The US side commits that the Committee on Foreign Investment in the United States(CFIUS)applies the same rules and standards to each transaction that it reviews and also commits
to continue to discuss and explain to the Chinese side concepts in the US foreign investment review process.The two sides have carried out constructive discussions on Information Technology Agreement(ITA)expansion.The two sides agree to continue
discussion in the coming weeks in order to create conditions for the resumption of the plurilateral negotiations.The US side commits to treat China fairly in the Export Control Reform Initiative, and encourage and facilitate the export of high technology items for civilian end use to China.The US side commits to discuss with the Chinese side issues concerning China in the Consolidated Appropriations Act 2014.The US side commits to evaluate changes to the approval process for LNG export, increase the efficiency of evaluation, and to keep the Chinese side informed about the latest progress.The two sides agree to further strengthen financial cooperation, including cooperation in the areas of shadow banking, OTC derivatives, cross-border audit oversight and accounting standards.The two sides welcome the
conclusion of an intergovernmental agreement on the Foreign Account Tax Compliance Act.The US side commits to treat Chinese financial institutions as deemed compliant.These important outcomes have not come by easily.They provide a good
foundation for the meeting between the two presidents in November and inject positive energy into the effort to build a new model of major-country relations between China and the United States.I want to stress that mutual understanding and trust are important
preconditions for the two major countries of China and the United States to achieve win-win cooperation.Dialogue and communication are key to a friendly relationship.Over the past year, Secretary Lew and I have maintained close communication over telephone and the two teams have engaged in frequent consultations and devoted time and energy to make this dialogue possible.The success of this S&ED once again proves that the people of our two
countries have the ability and wisdom to properly deal with the differences and disagreements, overcome difficulties and ensure the giant ship of China-US relations will continue to brave winds and waves and sail in the right direction.Finally, I want to thank the journalists for following and covering this round of dialogue.You deserve credit for contributing to the healthy growth of China-US relations.Thank you.
第三篇:第六輪中美戰(zhàn)略與經(jīng)濟(jì)對(duì)話
第六輪中美戰(zhàn)略與經(jīng)濟(jì)對(duì)話、第五輪中美人文交流高層磋商的聯(lián)合開(kāi)幕式9日在北京舉行。習(xí)近平出席開(kāi)幕式[詳細(xì)]
核心提示:中美戰(zhàn)略與經(jīng)濟(jì)對(duì)話今日在北京開(kāi)幕。習(xí)近平在致辭中對(duì)中美關(guān)系今后發(fā)展提出4點(diǎn)看法和主張,認(rèn)為中美兩國(guó)利益深度交融,歷史和現(xiàn)實(shí)都表明,中美兩國(guó)合則兩利,斗則俱傷。中美合作可以辦成有利于兩國(guó)和世界的大事,中美對(duì)抗對(duì)兩國(guó)和世界肯定是災(zāi)難。在這樣的形勢(shì)下,雙方更應(yīng)該登高望遠(yuǎn),加強(qiáng)合作,堅(jiān)持合作,避免對(duì)抗,既造福兩國(guó),又兼濟(jì)天下。
原標(biāo)題:習(xí)近平在第六輪中美戰(zhàn)略與經(jīng)濟(jì)對(duì)話和第五輪中美人文交流高層磋商聯(lián)合開(kāi)幕式上的致辭(全文)
新華社北京7月9日電 努力構(gòu)建中美新型大國(guó)關(guān)系
——在第六輪中美戰(zhàn)略與經(jīng)濟(jì)對(duì)話和第五輪中美人文交流高層磋商聯(lián)合開(kāi)幕式上的致辭
(2014年7月9日)中華人民共和國(guó)主席習(xí)近平克里國(guó)務(wù)卿,雅各布·盧財(cái)長(zhǎng),各位來(lái)賓,女士們,先生們,朋友們:
7月的北京,柳葉翠青,槐花馨香。在這個(gè)美好的季節(jié)里,第六輪中美戰(zhàn)略與經(jīng)濟(jì)對(duì)話和第五輪中美人文交流高層磋商在北京開(kāi)幕了,很高興有機(jī)會(huì)同各位朋友見(jiàn)面。首先,我謹(jǐn)對(duì)遠(yuǎn)道而來(lái)的美國(guó)朋友們,表示熱烈的歡迎!對(duì)長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)關(guān)心和支持中美關(guān)系發(fā)展的兩國(guó)各界人士,表示誠(chéng)摯的感謝!
我們今天所在的釣魚(yú)臺(tái)國(guó)賓館,見(jiàn)證了中美關(guān)系一系列重大歷史事件,基辛格秘密訪華、尼克松對(duì)中國(guó)的歷史性訪問(wèn)、中美建交談判等都同這里有密切關(guān)系。1979年中美建立正式外交關(guān)系是當(dāng)時(shí)轟動(dòng)世界的大事件,不但改變了國(guó)際關(guān)系大格局,也開(kāi)啟了中美兩國(guó)人民交流合作新時(shí)期。
35年來(lái),中美關(guān)系雖然歷經(jīng)風(fēng)風(fēng)雨雨,但總體是向前的,得到了歷史性發(fā)展。兩國(guó)建立了90多個(gè)政府間對(duì)話機(jī)制。雙邊貿(mào)易額增長(zhǎng)了200多倍,去年達(dá)到5200多億美元。雙向投資存量已經(jīng)超過(guò)1000億美元。兩國(guó)建立了41對(duì)友好省州和202對(duì)友好城市。兩國(guó)人員往來(lái)每年超過(guò)400萬(wàn)人次。中美合作不僅造福中美兩國(guó)人民,而且促進(jìn)了亞太地區(qū)和世界和平、穩(wěn)定、繁榮。
早在1979年,鄧小平先生就指出:兩國(guó)人民的利益和世界和平的利益要求我們從國(guó)際形勢(shì)的全局,用長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)的戰(zhàn)略觀點(diǎn)來(lái)看待中美關(guān)系。今天,中美兩國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)總量占世界三分之
一、人口占世界四分之
一、貿(mào)易總量占世界五分之一。而且,中美兩國(guó)利益深度交融,歷史和現(xiàn)實(shí)都表明,中美兩國(guó)合則兩利,斗則俱傷。中美合作可以辦成有利于兩國(guó)和世界的大事,中美對(duì)抗對(duì)兩國(guó)和世界肯定是災(zāi)難。在這樣的形勢(shì)下,我們雙方更應(yīng)該登高望遠(yuǎn),加強(qiáng)合作,堅(jiān)持合作,避免對(duì)抗,既造福兩國(guó),又兼濟(jì)天下。
近1000年前,中國(guó)宋代文學(xué)家蘇軾說(shuō)過(guò):“來(lái)而不可失者,時(shí)也;蹈而不可失者,機(jī)也?!保P凰網(wǎng)編者注:見(jiàn)宋·蘇軾《代侯公說(shuō)項(xiàng)羽辭》,大意是“來(lái)到了就不可白白喪失掉的是時(shí)間,遇上了就不可白白喪失掉的是機(jī)會(huì)?!保┌l(fā)展中美關(guān)系要順時(shí)應(yīng)勢(shì)、與時(shí)俱進(jìn)。35年來(lái),盡管?chē)?guó)際環(huán)境和我們兩國(guó)各自國(guó)情都發(fā)生了深刻變化,但中美關(guān)系能克服困難、不斷前行,其原因就是兩國(guó)幾代領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人準(zhǔn)確把握時(shí)代脈搏,不斷賦予中美關(guān)系新的內(nèi)涵和動(dòng)力。今天,我們雙方更應(yīng)該審時(shí)度勢(shì),轉(zhuǎn)變思路、創(chuàng)新思維,不斷開(kāi)創(chuàng)兩國(guó)合作新局面。
女士們、先生們、朋友們!
去年夏天,我同奧巴馬總統(tǒng)在美國(guó)加州安納伯格莊園舉行了歷史性會(huì)晤,達(dá)成共同努力構(gòu)建中美新型大國(guó)關(guān)系的重要共識(shí)。此后,我同奧巴馬總統(tǒng)在圣彼得堡和海牙會(huì)晤時(shí),再次確認(rèn)了這一共識(shí)。
構(gòu)建新型大國(guó)關(guān)系是雙方在總結(jié)歷史經(jīng)驗(yàn)基礎(chǔ)上,從兩國(guó)國(guó)情和世界形勢(shì)出發(fā),共同作出的重大戰(zhàn)略抉擇,符合兩國(guó)人民和各國(guó)人民根本利益,也體現(xiàn)了雙方?jīng)Q心打破大國(guó)沖突對(duì)抗的傳統(tǒng)規(guī)律、開(kāi)創(chuàng)大國(guó)關(guān)系發(fā)展新模式的政治擔(dān)當(dāng)。
一年來(lái),中美新型大國(guó)關(guān)系建設(shè)取得了新的進(jìn)展。兩國(guó)繼續(xù)攜手應(yīng)對(duì)國(guó)際金融危機(jī)影響,努力推動(dòng)世界經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇。兩國(guó)圍繞有關(guān)國(guó)際和地區(qū)問(wèn)題以及全球性問(wèn)題開(kāi)展密切協(xié)調(diào),合力應(yīng)對(duì)攸關(guān)人類(lèi)前途命運(yùn)的挑戰(zhàn)。兩國(guó)深化雙邊各領(lǐng)域務(wù)實(shí)交流合作,確保兩國(guó)人民從中不斷受益。構(gòu)建中美新型大國(guó)關(guān)系是一項(xiàng)前無(wú)古人、后啟來(lái)者的事業(yè),沒(méi)有現(xiàn)成經(jīng)驗(yàn)和模式可以照搬,出現(xiàn)一些困難甚至波折不足為怪。有問(wèn)題并不可怕,關(guān)鍵是我們要共同解決問(wèn)題,而不能被問(wèn)題牽著鼻子走。展望今后一個(gè)時(shí)期,我愿意談幾點(diǎn)看法和主張。
第一,增進(jìn)互信,把握方向。中美兩國(guó)如何判斷彼此戰(zhàn)略意圖,將直接影響雙方采取什么樣的政策、發(fā)展什么樣的關(guān)系。不能在這個(gè)根本問(wèn)題上犯錯(cuò)誤,否則就會(huì)一錯(cuò)皆錯(cuò)。中國(guó)提出了“兩個(gè)一百年”奮斗目標(biāo),正在努力實(shí)現(xiàn)中華民族偉大復(fù)興的中國(guó)夢(mèng),比以往任何時(shí)候都更需要一個(gè)和平穩(wěn)定的外部環(huán)境。中國(guó)人民珍愛(ài)和平,崇尚“和為貴”,主張“己所不欲,勿施于人”。中國(guó)將堅(jiān)定不移走和平發(fā)展道路,堅(jiān)定奉行親、誠(chéng)、惠、容的周邊外交理念,堅(jiān)定致力于同本地區(qū)以及世界各國(guó)發(fā)展友好關(guān)系。
“天高任鳥(niǎo)飛,海闊憑魚(yú)躍。”我始終認(rèn)為,寬廣的太平洋有足夠的空間容納中美兩個(gè)大國(guó)。中美雙方應(yīng)該加強(qiáng)對(duì)話,增信釋疑,促進(jìn)合作,確保中美關(guān)系始終不偏離構(gòu)建新型大國(guó)關(guān)系的軌道。
第二,相互尊重,聚同化異。中美兩國(guó)歷史文化傳統(tǒng)、社會(huì)制度、意識(shí)形態(tài)不同,經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展水平各異,雙方存在不同看法、在一些問(wèn)題上存在分歧和摩擦在所難免。中美是兩個(gè)各具特色的國(guó)家,在很多方面肯定有差別,有差別才需要溝通和合作。我們雙方應(yīng)該堅(jiān)持從大處著眼,把握構(gòu)建新型大國(guó)關(guān)系總目標(biāo),認(rèn)清兩國(guó)共同利益遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)大于分歧;應(yīng)該相互尊重、平等相待,尊重彼此主權(quán)和領(lǐng)土完整,尊重彼此對(duì)發(fā)展道路的選擇,不把自己的意志和模式強(qiáng)加于對(duì)方;應(yīng)該善于管控矛盾和摩擦,堅(jiān)持通過(guò)對(duì)話協(xié)商、以建設(shè)性方式增進(jìn)理解、擴(kuò)大共識(shí)。只要我們雙方堅(jiān)持相互尊重、聚同化異,保持戰(zhàn)略耐心,不為一事所惑,不為一言所擾,中美關(guān)系大局就能任憑風(fēng)浪起、穩(wěn)坐釣魚(yú)臺(tái)。
第三,平等互利,深化合作。新形勢(shì)下,中美應(yīng)該合作、能夠合作的領(lǐng)域更加寬廣。機(jī)會(huì)需要?jiǎng)?chuàng)造,創(chuàng)新才有機(jī)會(huì),正所謂“聰者聽(tīng)于無(wú)聲,明者見(jiàn)于未形”。中美都是富有創(chuàng)造力的民族,在推進(jìn)兩國(guó)關(guān)系發(fā)展上,尤其需要順應(yīng)時(shí)代發(fā)展而創(chuàng)新。我們雙方應(yīng)該創(chuàng)新思維,不斷挖掘合作潛力、培育合作亮點(diǎn)。我們應(yīng)該加快雙邊投資協(xié)定談判,爭(zhēng)取早日談成一個(gè)高水平、雙向平衡的協(xié)議,推進(jìn)中美經(jīng)濟(jì)關(guān)系建設(shè);應(yīng)該深化兩軍對(duì)話,完善溝通和合作機(jī)制,推進(jìn)中美軍事關(guān)系建設(shè);應(yīng)該在雙向和互利基礎(chǔ)上加強(qiáng)對(duì)話合作,共同打擊一切形式的恐怖主義;應(yīng)該發(fā)揮各自?xún)?yōu)勢(shì)、承擔(dān)各自義務(wù),共同應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化這一全球性挑戰(zhàn);應(yīng)該加強(qiáng)在重大國(guó)際和地區(qū)問(wèn)題上的溝通和協(xié)調(diào),為維護(hù)和促進(jìn)世界和平、穩(wěn)定、繁榮作出更大貢獻(xiàn)。
第四,著眼民眾,加深友誼。中美兩國(guó)人民對(duì)彼此都懷有淳樸友好的感情。中美友好的根基在民眾,希望在青年。我曾多次訪問(wèn)美國(guó),也去過(guò)普通美國(guó)人家中做客,美國(guó)民眾的真誠(chéng)好客讓我深受感動(dòng)。
當(dāng)今時(shí)代,經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化、社會(huì)信息化快速發(fā)展,但電話、網(wǎng)絡(luò)永遠(yuǎn)不能取代人與人面對(duì)面的溝通和交流。植根于人心的友情,才是牢不可破的。我們要鼓勵(lì)和擴(kuò)大兩國(guó)人民友好往來(lái),拓寬兩國(guó)地方、智庫(kù)、媒體、青年、社會(huì)各界交流渠道,不斷夯實(shí)中美友好的社會(huì)和民眾基礎(chǔ)。
女士們、先生們、朋友們!
戰(zhàn)略與經(jīng)濟(jì)對(duì)話和人文交流高層磋商是中美之間參與部門(mén)最多、討論議題最廣的重要平臺(tái)。本輪對(duì)話和磋商是在國(guó)際政治經(jīng)濟(jì)形勢(shì)出現(xiàn)新變化、中美關(guān)系面臨新機(jī)遇新挑戰(zhàn)的重要時(shí)刻舉行的。希望雙方立足現(xiàn)實(shí)、著眼長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)、深入溝通、相向而行,為構(gòu)建中美新型大國(guó)關(guān)系注入更多正能量。
中國(guó)有句諺語(yǔ):“只要功夫深,鐵杵磨成針?!泵绹?guó)詩(shī)人摩爾說(shuō):“勝利不會(huì)向我走來(lái),我必須自己走向勝利?!睒?gòu)建中美新型大國(guó)關(guān)系是一種使命和責(zé)任。“合抱之木,生于毫末;九層之臺(tái),起于累土。”讓我們用積土成山的精神,一步一個(gè)腳印,攜手推進(jìn)新型大國(guó)關(guān)系建設(shè),努力開(kāi)創(chuàng)中美關(guān)系更加美好的明天!
謝謝各位。
第四篇:王岐山在第四輪中美戰(zhàn)略與經(jīng)濟(jì)對(duì)話聯(lián)合記者會(huì)上的講話
王岐山在第四輪中美戰(zhàn)略與經(jīng)濟(jì)對(duì)話聯(lián)合記者會(huì)
上的講話
各位記者朋友:
遵照兩國(guó)元首的指示,在雙方同事的共同努力下,第四輪中美戰(zhàn)略與經(jīng)濟(jì)對(duì)話框架下的經(jīng)濟(jì)對(duì)話取得了圓滿(mǎn)成功。
胡錦濤主席蒞臨會(huì)議并發(fā)表重要講話,奧巴馬總統(tǒng)發(fā)表書(shū)面致辭,對(duì)中美關(guān)系未來(lái)發(fā)展指明了方向。在本輪經(jīng)濟(jì)對(duì)話中,雙方認(rèn)真落實(shí)兩國(guó)元首達(dá)成的共識(shí),就宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)、貿(mào)易、投資、金融等議題,坦誠(chéng)對(duì)話,取得了67項(xiàng)互利共贏的成果。
雙方一致認(rèn)為,當(dāng)前全球經(jīng)濟(jì)形勢(shì)依然復(fù)雜嚴(yán)峻,確保復(fù)蘇、增長(zhǎng)和就業(yè)是各國(guó)的首要任務(wù)。雙方都將切實(shí)采取措施,加快轉(zhuǎn)變發(fā)展方式,調(diào)整經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu),促進(jìn)兩國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)、就業(yè)增加和民生改善,為全球經(jīng)濟(jì)可持續(xù)復(fù)蘇做出貢獻(xiàn)。雙方同意,繼續(xù)加強(qiáng)宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)政策溝通交流,攜手應(yīng)對(duì)歐債危機(jī)等全球性挑戰(zhàn),共同推動(dòng)二十國(guó)集團(tuán)洛斯卡沃斯峰會(huì)取得成功。
中美兩國(guó)愿相向而行,進(jìn)一步釋放貿(mào)易投資合作潛力。美方承諾,在出口管制體系改革中充分考慮中方關(guān)切,努力促進(jìn)民用高技術(shù)產(chǎn)品對(duì)華出口。美方歡迎中國(guó)企業(yè)赴美投資,并承諾提供各種便利。雙方同意盡快啟動(dòng)第七輪雙邊投資協(xié)定談判,加強(qiáng)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施、清潔能源、高端制造、現(xiàn)代服務(wù)業(yè)等領(lǐng)域的合作,推進(jìn)兩國(guó)省與州、市與市等地方層面的交流與合作。雙方同意加強(qiáng)在航空器適航審定領(lǐng)域的合作。
中美雙方就國(guó)際經(jīng)濟(jì)規(guī)則和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)問(wèn)題進(jìn)行了戰(zhàn)略性研討。同意就跨太平洋伙伴關(guān)系協(xié)定(TPP)等區(qū)域性貿(mào)易安排保持信息溝通,共同研究國(guó)際貿(mào)易統(tǒng)計(jì)方法新趨勢(shì)。雙方致力于構(gòu)建更加開(kāi)放的全球貿(mào)易體系,反對(duì)各種形式的保護(hù)主義。
金融合作是本輪對(duì)話的重要內(nèi)容。美方承諾加快審批有關(guān)中資銀行在美業(yè)務(wù)申請(qǐng),認(rèn)同中國(guó)在綜合并表監(jiān)管領(lǐng)域取得的顯著進(jìn)展。美方支持人民幣在滿(mǎn)足現(xiàn)有標(biāo)準(zhǔn)時(shí)加入國(guó)際貨幣基金組織特別提款權(quán)貨幣籃子。雙方同意,在國(guó)際金融監(jiān)管、打擊非法融資、金融領(lǐng)域稅收和執(zhí)法、保險(xiǎn)消費(fèi)者保護(hù)、金融市場(chǎng)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施等領(lǐng)域加強(qiáng)溝通合作。
中美戰(zhàn)略與經(jīng)濟(jì)對(duì)話迄今已成功舉行了四輪,對(duì)話機(jī)制日益成熟,作用和影響越來(lái)越大,共取得了218項(xiàng)經(jīng)濟(jì)成果。雙方通過(guò)經(jīng)濟(jì)對(duì)話平臺(tái),從一點(diǎn)一滴做起,全面拓展各領(lǐng)域務(wù)實(shí)合作,為兩國(guó)人民帶來(lái)了實(shí)實(shí)在在的利益。中方愿與美方一道,不斷加強(qiáng)經(jīng)濟(jì)合作,為發(fā)展中美新型大國(guó)關(guān)系注入新的動(dòng)力。
謝謝各位記者朋友!
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第五篇:【時(shí)政熱點(diǎn)】第六輪中美戰(zhàn)略與經(jīng)濟(jì)對(duì)話在北京舉行
第六輪中美戰(zhàn)略與經(jīng)濟(jì)對(duì)話在北京舉行
【背景材料】
2014年7月9至10日,第六輪中美戰(zhàn)略與經(jīng)濟(jì)對(duì)話在北京舉行,中國(guó)國(guó)家主席習(xí)近平出席開(kāi)幕式并致辭。習(xí)近平在講話中談了四點(diǎn)主張:增進(jìn)互信,把握方向;相互尊重,聚同化;平等互利,深化合作;著眼民眾,加深友誼。習(xí)近平主席特別代表國(guó)務(wù)院副總理汪洋、國(guó)務(wù)委員楊潔篪與美國(guó)總統(tǒng)奧巴馬特別代表國(guó)務(wù)卿克里、財(cái)長(zhǎng)雅各布〃盧共同主持對(duì)話。環(huán)境保護(hù)部副部長(zhǎng)吳曉青出席了本輪對(duì)話。對(duì)話期間,吳曉青參加了氣候變化問(wèn)題特別聯(lián)合會(huì)議并發(fā)言,同時(shí)出席了戰(zhàn)略對(duì)話下的相關(guān)活動(dòng)。本輪中美戰(zhàn)略與經(jīng)濟(jì)對(duì)話雙方共達(dá)成90多項(xiàng)成果,其中,中美雙方對(duì)于備受關(guān)注的中美雙邊投資協(xié)定(BIT)談判將爭(zhēng)取2014年就雙邊投資協(xié)定文本的核心問(wèn)題和主要條款達(dá)成一致,并承諾2015年早期啟動(dòng)負(fù)面清單談判。
【理論分析】
一、從政治生活角度分析
1.國(guó)家利益決定國(guó)際關(guān)系。國(guó)家間的共同利益是國(guó)家合作的基礎(chǔ),利益對(duì)立是則是引起國(guó)家間沖突的根源。中國(guó)與美國(guó)存在著共同利益,這是能夠加強(qiáng)合作與交流的基礎(chǔ)。但是我國(guó)與美國(guó)也存在著利益上的對(duì)立和矛盾。因此,需要以建設(shè)性方式妥善處理分歧。
2.國(guó)家利益是一國(guó)對(duì)外活動(dòng)出發(fā)點(diǎn)和落腳點(diǎn)。中國(guó)在處理與美國(guó)的關(guān)系時(shí),首先要維護(hù)我國(guó)的國(guó)家利益,尤其是維護(hù)我國(guó)的獨(dú)立主權(quán)和領(lǐng)土完整。帶有干涉中國(guó)內(nèi)政、挑戰(zhàn)中國(guó)核心利益、插手中國(guó)與地區(qū)國(guó)家爭(zhēng)端解決機(jī)制性質(zhì)的事情不容觸碰。
3.和平與發(fā)展是當(dāng)今世界的主題。中美合作不僅造福中美兩國(guó)人民,而且促進(jìn)了亞太地區(qū)和世界和平、穩(wěn)定、繁榮。因此,建設(shè)中美合作伙伴關(guān)系、探索構(gòu)建新型大國(guó)關(guān)系,符合和平與發(fā)展這兩大主題。
4.我國(guó)是負(fù)責(zé)任的大國(guó),國(guó)際地位不斷提高。近年來(lái),中國(guó)綜合國(guó)力不斷提高,中國(guó)肩負(fù)國(guó)際責(zé)任的能力也不斷提高。特別是隨著中美新型大國(guó)關(guān)系建設(shè)的不斷發(fā)展,中國(guó)與美國(guó)繼續(xù)攜手共同推動(dòng)世界經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇,中國(guó)在國(guó)際社會(huì)中有了更多的擔(dān)當(dāng)。
二、從生活與哲學(xué)角度分析
1.物質(zhì)決定意識(shí)要求我們想問(wèn)題、辦事情必須堅(jiān)持一切從實(shí)際出發(fā)。構(gòu)建新型大國(guó)關(guān)系是雙方在總結(jié)歷史經(jīng)驗(yàn)基礎(chǔ)上,從兩國(guó)國(guó)情和世界形勢(shì)出發(fā),共同作出的重大戰(zhàn)略抉擇,符合兩國(guó)人民和各國(guó)人民根本利益。
2.矛盾的普遍性、客觀性要求我們正視矛盾,并提出正確的解決矛盾的辦法。中美是兩個(gè)各具特色的國(guó)家,在很多方面肯定有差別,有差別才需要溝通和合作。中美雙方有問(wèn)題并不可怕,關(guān)鍵是我們要共同解決問(wèn)題,而不能被問(wèn)題牽著鼻子走。
3.要堅(jiān)持兩點(diǎn)論和重點(diǎn)論的統(tǒng)一。中美雙方既存在著共同利益,又存在著分歧。中美關(guān)系的一個(gè)基本事實(shí)是,兩國(guó)擁有廣泛的共同利益,也存在一些分歧,但共同利益是第一位的。雙方要立足現(xiàn)實(shí)、著眼長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)、深入溝通、相向而行。
4.矛盾的特殊性要求我們做到具體問(wèn)題具體分析。構(gòu)建中美新型大國(guó)關(guān)系是一項(xiàng)前無(wú)古人、后啟來(lái)者的事業(yè),沒(méi)有現(xiàn)成經(jīng)驗(yàn)和模式可以照搬,應(yīng)尊重彼此對(duì)發(fā)展道路的選擇,不把自己的意志和模式強(qiáng)加于對(duì)方。
5.事物的發(fā)展是前進(jìn)性和曲折性的統(tǒng)一。中美關(guān)系雖然歷經(jīng)風(fēng)風(fēng)雨雨,但總體是向前的,得到了歷史性發(fā)展。兩國(guó)建立了90多個(gè)政府間對(duì)話機(jī)制。雙向投資存量已經(jīng)超過(guò)1000億美元。兩國(guó)人員往來(lái)每年超過(guò)400萬(wàn)人次。
6.一切事物都處于在普遍聯(lián)系之中,要求我們用聯(lián)系的觀點(diǎn)看問(wèn)題。中美合作不僅造福
中美兩國(guó)人民,而且促進(jìn)了亞太地區(qū)和世界和平、穩(wěn)定、繁榮。這說(shuō)明事物的聯(lián)系是普遍的,無(wú)論是自在事物的聯(lián)系還是人為事物的聯(lián)系都是客觀的【跟蹤試題】
習(xí)近平指出,35年來(lái),中美關(guān)系雖然歷經(jīng)風(fēng)風(fēng)雨雨,但總體是向前的,得到了歷史性發(fā)展,兩國(guó)利益深度交融。據(jù)此回答1—3題:
1.材料表明
①?lài)?guó)家間親疏冷熱關(guān)系由國(guó)家共同利益決定 ②中美兩國(guó)都應(yīng)積極尋求作為合作基礎(chǔ)的共同利益 ③只要存在共同利益國(guó)際關(guān)系就會(huì)趨向緩和 ④?chē)?guó)際關(guān)系在碰撞中有磨合,在競(jìng)爭(zhēng)中有協(xié)調(diào)
A.①②④B.①③④C.②③D.②④
2.歷史和現(xiàn)實(shí)都表明,中美兩國(guó)合則兩利,斗則俱傷。中美合作可以辦成有利于兩國(guó)和世界的大事,中美對(duì)抗對(duì)兩國(guó)和世界肯定是災(zāi)難。這啟示我們
A.加強(qiáng)合作,堅(jiān)持合作,避免對(duì)抗B.和平共處五項(xiàng)原則是處理國(guó)際關(guān)系的基本準(zhǔn)則
C.國(guó)際競(jìng)爭(zhēng)不利于鞏固友好國(guó)家關(guān)系 D.只要合作就能有效實(shí)現(xiàn)國(guó)家間共同利益
3.中美合作不僅造福中美兩國(guó)人民,而且促進(jìn)了亞太地區(qū)和世界和平、穩(wěn)定、繁榮。因此,建設(shè)中美合作伙伴關(guān)系、探索構(gòu)建新型大國(guó)關(guān)系
①是由兩國(guó)的共同利益決定的 ②是由中美兩國(guó)的大國(guó)地位決定的 ③表明中美兩國(guó)之間不存在利益沖突 ④符合和平與發(fā)展的時(shí)代主題
A.①②B.②③C.③④D.①④
習(xí)近平在致辭中指出,中美兩國(guó)如何判斷彼此戰(zhàn)略意圖,將直接影響雙方采取什么樣的政策、發(fā)展什么樣的關(guān)系。不能在這個(gè)根本問(wèn)題上犯錯(cuò)誤,否則就會(huì)一錯(cuò)皆錯(cuò)。據(jù)此回答4—5題:
4.習(xí)近平主席的致辭“登高望遠(yuǎn)”,不僅準(zhǔn)確概括了中美關(guān)系的現(xiàn)狀,也指明了未來(lái)走向和問(wèn)題解決的途徑。這表明,我國(guó)在處理中美關(guān)系時(shí)
A.堅(jiān)持走和平發(fā)展道路B.發(fā)揮著重要的建設(shè)性作用
C.維護(hù)世界和平D.積極承擔(dān)國(guó)際責(zé)任
5.中美雙方采取什么樣的政策、發(fā)展什么樣的關(guān)系,主要是由
①各自的國(guó)家制度決定的②各自的國(guó)家利益決定的 ③兩國(guó)的外交政策決定的④兩國(guó)面臨的國(guó)際格局決定的A.①②B.③④C.②③D.①④
習(xí)近平指出:“一年來(lái),中美新型大國(guó)關(guān)系建設(shè)取得了新的進(jìn)展。兩國(guó)繼續(xù)攜手應(yīng)對(duì)國(guó)際金融危機(jī)影響,努力推動(dòng)世界經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇。兩國(guó)圍繞有關(guān)國(guó)際和地區(qū)問(wèn)題以及全球性問(wèn)題開(kāi)展密切協(xié)調(diào),合力應(yīng)對(duì)攸關(guān)人類(lèi)前途命運(yùn)的挑戰(zhàn)。兩國(guó)深化雙邊各領(lǐng)域務(wù)實(shí)交流合作,確保兩國(guó)人民從中不斷受益?!睋?jù)此回答6—7題:
6.中美兩國(guó)能做到這樣主要是因?yàn)?/p>
A.中美兩國(guó)都是世界上具有重要影響力的大國(guó) B.中美兩國(guó)結(jié)盟符合雙方的國(guó)家利益
C.中美兩國(guó)具有合作的共同利益D.中美兩國(guó)有著一貫合作的傳統(tǒng)
7.中美新型大國(guó)關(guān)系建設(shè)取得新進(jìn)展說(shuō)明
A.建立國(guó)際新秩序,有利于實(shí)現(xiàn)互利共贏
B.開(kāi)展國(guó)際競(jìng)爭(zhēng),有利于形成多極化格局
C.各種力量相互依存,有利于實(shí)現(xiàn)和平共處
D.發(fā)展國(guó)際交流與合作,有利于促進(jìn)共同發(fā)展
8.當(dāng)今世界各種矛盾錯(cuò)綜復(fù)雜,在這種背景下我國(guó)正確處理中美關(guān)系從根本上來(lái)說(shuō)必須
A.堅(jiān)持從中國(guó)人民的根本利益和中美兩國(guó)人民的共同利益出發(fā)
B.根據(jù)兩國(guó)的國(guó)家性質(zhì)執(zhí)行不同的對(duì)外政策
C.遵循聯(lián)合國(guó)憲章的宗旨和原則,積極參加聯(lián)合國(guó)的一切活動(dòng)
D.正確處理好大國(guó)關(guān)系,維護(hù)國(guó)際局勢(shì)發(fā)展的基本態(tài)勢(shì)
習(xí)近平指出,35年來(lái),中美關(guān)系雖然歷經(jīng)風(fēng)風(fēng)雨雨,但總體是向前的,得到了歷史性發(fā)展。兩國(guó)建立了90多個(gè)政府間對(duì)話機(jī)制。雙邊貿(mào)易額增長(zhǎng)了200多倍,去年達(dá)到5200多億美元。雙向投資存量已經(jīng)超過(guò)1000億美元。兩國(guó)建立了41對(duì)友好省州和202對(duì)友好城市。兩國(guó)人員往來(lái)每年超過(guò)400萬(wàn)人次。據(jù)此回答9—10題:
9.材料說(shuō)明
①事物發(fā)展的前途是光明的,道路是曲折的 ②只要注重量的積累,就一定能實(shí)現(xiàn)質(zhì)變③量變是質(zhì)變的必要準(zhǔn)備,沒(méi)有量變就不會(huì)有質(zhì)變 ④事物的發(fā)展最終是通過(guò)質(zhì)變實(shí)現(xiàn)的,質(zhì)變比量變更重要
A.①②B.③④C.①④D.①③
10.中美合作不僅造福中美兩國(guó)人民,而且促進(jìn)了亞太地區(qū)和世界和平、穩(wěn)定、繁榮。這表明
①事物的聯(lián)系是普遍的 ②自在事物的聯(lián)系是主觀的 ③事物的聯(lián)系是人為的 ④人為事物的聯(lián)系是客觀的A.①②B.②③C.③④D.①④
習(xí)近平指出:“構(gòu)建新型大國(guó)關(guān)系是雙方在總結(jié)歷史經(jīng)驗(yàn)基礎(chǔ)上,從兩國(guó)國(guó)情和世界形勢(shì)出發(fā),共同作出的重大戰(zhàn)略抉擇,符合兩國(guó)人民和各國(guó)人民根本利益,也體現(xiàn)了雙方?jīng)Q心打破大國(guó)沖突對(duì)抗的傳統(tǒng)規(guī)律、開(kāi)創(chuàng)大國(guó)關(guān)系發(fā)展新模式的政治擔(dān)當(dāng)。”據(jù)此回答1112題:
11.從哲學(xué)角度,這一材料說(shuō)明
A.意識(shí)是物質(zhì)世界長(zhǎng)期發(fā)展的產(chǎn)物B.意識(shí)是人腦特有的機(jī)能
C.意識(shí)活動(dòng)具有計(jì)劃性和主觀能動(dòng)性D.物質(zhì)決定意識(shí),意識(shí)是客觀存在的反映
12.中美雙方有問(wèn)題并不可怕,關(guān)鍵是我們要共同解決問(wèn)題,而不能被問(wèn)題牽著鼻子走。上述觀點(diǎn)的哲學(xué)依據(jù)是
①矛盾具有普遍性,任何兩個(gè)事物之間都存在著矛盾 ②矛盾具有客觀性,要勇于揭露矛盾、積極解決矛盾 ③事物的性質(zhì)主要是由主要矛盾規(guī)定的 ④主要矛盾在事物發(fā)展過(guò)程中處于支配地位、對(duì)事物發(fā)展起決定作用
A.①②B.①③C.②③D.②④
13.習(xí)近平在第六輪中美戰(zhàn)略與經(jīng)濟(jì)對(duì)話開(kāi)幕式上講話時(shí)指出:“中美是兩個(gè)各具特色的國(guó)家,在很多方面肯定有差別,有差別才需要溝通和合作。我們雙方應(yīng)該堅(jiān)持從大處著眼,把握構(gòu)建新型大國(guó)關(guān)系總目標(biāo),認(rèn)清兩國(guó)共同利益遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)大于分歧;應(yīng)該相互尊重、平等相待,尊重彼此主權(quán)和領(lǐng)土完整,尊重彼此對(duì)發(fā)展道路的選擇,不把自己的意志和模式強(qiáng)加于對(duì)方;應(yīng)該善于管控矛盾和摩擦,堅(jiān)持通過(guò)對(duì)話協(xié)商、以建設(shè)性方式增進(jìn)理解、擴(kuò)大共識(shí)?!?/p>
運(yùn)用唯物辯證法關(guān)于矛盾知識(shí)分析如何構(gòu)建中美新型大國(guó)關(guān)系?
【參考答案】
1.D2.A3.D4.B5.C6.C7.D8.A9.D10.D11.D12.D
13.①矛盾的普遍性、客觀性要求我們正視矛盾,并提出正確解決矛盾的辦法。中美是兩個(gè)各具特色的國(guó)家,在很多方面肯定有差別,有差別才需要溝通和合作。②矛盾的特殊性要求我們做到具體問(wèn)題具體分析。中美兩國(guó)歷史文化傳統(tǒng)、社會(huì)制度、意識(shí)形態(tài)不同,經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展水平各異。應(yīng)尊重彼此對(duì)發(fā)展道路的選擇,不把自己的意志和模式強(qiáng)加于對(duì)方。③要立足整體,統(tǒng)籌全局。我們雙方應(yīng)該堅(jiān)持從大處著眼,把握構(gòu)建新型大國(guó)關(guān)系總目標(biāo),認(rèn)清兩國(guó)共同利益遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)大于分歧。④矛盾雙方在一定條件下可以相互轉(zhuǎn)化。應(yīng)該善于管控矛盾和摩擦,堅(jiān)持通過(guò)對(duì)話協(xié)商、以建設(shè)性方式增進(jìn)理解、擴(kuò)大共識(shí),促進(jìn)矛盾雙方朝有利于建立新型大國(guó)關(guān)系方面轉(zhuǎn)化。⑤要堅(jiān)持兩點(diǎn)論和重點(diǎn)論的統(tǒng)一。中美雙方既存在著共同利益,又存在著分歧。中美關(guān)系的一個(gè)基本事實(shí)是,兩國(guó)擁有廣泛的共同利益,也存在一些分歧,但共同利益是第一位的。