第一篇：分析國際商務函電中的禮貌原則

[摘要]uk essay隨著全球經(jīng)濟一體化的發(fā)展 ,商務英語函電在國際商務活動中的溝通作用日趨明顯 ,而國際商務函電最重要的語言特征就是 “禮貌原則”。得體的商務函電是影響國際商務活動成功的重要因素 ,本文著重分析了國際商務函電中的“禮貌原則” 應用與研究。

隨著國內(nèi)貿(mào)易的迅猛停滯 ,商務英語正在寰球經(jīng)濟貿(mào)易運動中施展著主要的作用。商務函電作為國內(nèi)商務運動溝通最罕見的一種形式和商務英語主要的形式之一 ,為言語學家和貿(mào)易內(nèi)行所鉆研。得體的經(jīng)貿(mào)信函、松散的經(jīng)貿(mào)合同、精確正確的經(jīng)貿(mào)紀律文件 ,無疑會反應經(jīng)貿(mào)運動的成功停止。因而 ,咱們很有多余對于反應國內(nèi)經(jīng)貿(mào)運動的主要因素 — — — 商務函電的禮數(shù)準則停止鉆研。

一、言語的競爭準則和禮數(shù)準則

美國言語哲學家格賴斯(H.P.Grice)以為 ,正在言語交際運動中 ,外交單方為了到達一定的指標 ,均盲目地恪守合作準則(cooperative principles),正是這種競爭使得外交雙方可以延續(xù)地停止成心義的言語外交。競爭準則詳細表現(xiàn)為四條原則: 1.單位原則(maxim of quantity),即便本人所說的話到達所請求的詳細水平。2.品質原則(maxim ofquality),即沒有要說本人以為是沒有實正在的話 ,沒有要說本人缺乏剩余根據(jù)的話。3.聯(lián)系原則(maxim of relation),即談話要貼且 ,要有頭緒。4.形式原則(maxim of manner),即說話要留意形式、辦法 ,防止歧義 ,防止嚕蘇[1 ]。英國言語學家 Geoff rey Leech正在此根底上提出了商務外交的禮數(shù)準則(Politeness Principle),并將其分成十二大準則:1.戰(zhàn)略原則(Tact Maxim)Minimize cost to other — — — 使別人受損最小Maximize benefit to other — — —使別人受害最大2.大方原則(Generosity Maxim)Minimize benefit to self — — — 使本人受害最小Maximize cost to self — — — 使本人受損最大3.表揚原則(Approbation Maxim)Minimize dispraise of other — — — 過分少貶損別人Maximize praise of other — — — 過分多贊美別人4.謙卑原則(Modesty Maxim)Minimize praise of self — — — 過分少贊美本人Maximize dispraise of self — — — 竭力夸張對于本身的貶損5.分歧原則(Agreement Maxim)Minimize disagreement between self and other — — — 盡量縮小與別人的一致Maximize agreement between self and other — — — 過分增多與別人的分歧6.憐憫原則(Sympathy Maxim)Minimize antipathy between self and other — — — 過分減少對于別人的好感Maximize sympathy between self and other — — — 過分增加對于別人的憐憫Leech的禮數(shù)準則以 “本人” 和 “別人” 為核心 ,把圓心傾向 “別人” ,過分為 “別人” 的利益、感覺和需求考慮 ,而把本人的利益放正在主要位置。那樣做的益處是失掉別人的尊重和反感 ,促進單方的情感和友情 ,從而完成外交手段[2 ]。

二、禮數(shù)準則正在商務函電中的使用綜合(一)戰(zhàn)略原則(Tact Maxim)叫做 “戰(zhàn)略” ,是指談話人如何考究形式辦法以到達自己正在語言外交中的手段。就是站正在對于方的立場遭到尊重。詳細講就是正在會談中 ,要縮小抒發(fā)利己的觀念 ,過分縮小對于本人的受害 ,過分擴展對于本人的受損。那樣簡單失掉對于方的反感 ,再不于買賣的順利。相似 ,Dear Sir ,Thank you for your inquiry of November 22 , 2005.Enclosed is our price list.A catalog has been airmailed toyou under separate cover.This company has exported win2ter clothe for years to your count ry , Canada , and NorthEuropean count ries.You may be sure that your order willbe profitable.Also , because our yearly production is about 1 millionpieces the largest of all companies in China our prices arealways lower than others.We look forward to receiving your reply.Sincerely ,John SmithEncl : a copy of price list該信函的手段是向買方轉達消息 ,回復問路 ,更主要是報出價錢 ,指望對于方能承受價錢。為了到

達手段 ,賣家人采取了得體的戰(zhàn)略 ,聯(lián)合 “使別人喪失最小” 的準則 ,正在信中除了需要與問路間接有關的價錢表、節(jié)目表外 ,還向對于方需要了其余有用消息 ,如引見本公司入口歷史、入口的國度、生產(chǎn)威力等 ,并明白地讓對于方置信其訂單會帶來豐富的成本?！癥ou may be sure that your order will be profitable”。這樣 ,既讓買方置信談話人是業(yè)余入口商 ,又思忖到了買方的利益。

(二)大方原則(Generosity Maxim)“大方” 的詳細做法是:談話人要遵守本人少爭利益 ,擴大對于本人的受損。表現(xiàn)正在商務英語中就是要多采納 “對于方姿態(tài)(other at titude)” , 少采納 “自我姿態(tài)(self at titude)” ,正在商務函電交往中特別如此。沒有少東方人無比看重郵寄的姿態(tài)成績 , 因而正在郵寄時要目中有人 , 要把接收者放正在心上 , 思忖他的希望、艱難、背景、感覺和對于此信能夠做成的反響之類 , 而后從對于方的角度起程來解決事件 , 過分擴展對于方的受害[3 ]。例: “Please call me in the morning between9 and 11.”這句話徹底是從利己的立場說的 ,若改為 “I’ dbe glad to have you call me any morning between 9 and

11.”那樣一改以后 , 始終句意義一樣 , 但成效一模一樣 ,后者充足思忖到了對于方的利益。雖然貿(mào)易單方最終的手段是成本最大化 ,但單方的讓步總是時有發(fā)作 ,恰當?shù)淖尣酵琴Q(mào)易順利的道路 ,以次的一封報價回復函 ,把 “大方準則” 使用得恰到益處。Dear Mr ,We are sorry to learn your fax of 22 August that youfind our prices too high.We do our best to keep prices aslow as possible without sacrificing quality.To this end weare constantly enquiring into new methods of makingshoes.Considering the quality of the shoes offered we do notfeel that the prices we quoted are at all excessive , but bear2ing in mind the long-standing relationship between ourfirms , we have decided to offer you a special discount of3 % on an order exceeding ￡10 ,000.We make this allow2ance because we should like to continue to do business withyou , but we must st ress that it is the furthest we can go.We hope this revised offer will now enable you to place anorder.[4 ]John Smith率先 ,賣家強調(diào)正在沒有反應品質的大前提下 , 曾經(jīng)盡能夠把報價降到最低 ,其次 ,強調(diào)思忖到單方臨時優(yōu)良的競爭關系 ,決議對于超越 1 萬英鎊的訂購 ,再寄予 3 %的尤其倍數(shù)。賣家筆者充足應用虛構語氣、主動語態(tài)等禮數(shù)詞語 ,既抒發(fā)出對于對于方的充足尊重 ,又坦率地抒發(fā)出己方的下線。做到了既沒有喪失己方利益 ,又體現(xiàn)出了 “本人少爭利益” 的大方姿勢 ,從而使買方更簡單承受。

(三)表揚原則(Approbation Maxim)因為單獨利益的驅動 ,國內(nèi)貿(mào)易中交易單方都無比注意構建和諧的聯(lián)系 ,單方的溝通是 “橫向溝通”(horizontalcommunication)。因而 ,能推進溝通的 “表揚原則” 常常貫穿于商務信函中。即便有爭議、回絕或者理賠等令人絕望的事件發(fā)作 ,也應本著 “少說沒有表揚外人” 的話的準則去外交。假如一方?jīng)]有能或者全體沒有能赴約而形成另一方喪失 ,正常應敵對于商量 ,找出辦法補償喪失是處理成績的最佳道路。因此 ,生意信函中很少涌現(xiàn)指摘的字句。但正在示意回絕或者失望時 ,要過分運用宛轉、委婉的語氣以削弱消沉語氣 ,同聲要踴躍確定對于方準確的一面 ,給對于方以充足的尊重。如:Dear Sir ,Thank you for your fax of 22 August.We are indeedsorry you find our price too high.Our quoted prices leaveus with a small profit and if it were not for the regular or2ders we receive f rom a number if our customers , we couldnot have quoted for supplies even at those prices.Our prices already make full allowance for large ordersand , as I am sure you know , we operate in a highly com2petitive market in which we have been forced to cut ourprices to the minimum.We wish we cuold lower our pricesbut unfortunately we cannot do so.Despite our

inability to offer you lower prices , we stillhope we may receive an order f rom you.John Smith本信函的手段是拒相對于方提價請求 ,然而信的掃尾 ,以感激的口氣起筆并談到對于方的請求。而后 ,經(jīng)過用虛構語氣的句型 “if it were not for the regular orders we receivef rom a number if our customers , we could not have quotedfor supplies even at those prices.” ,坦率注明沒有能提價的原因 ,齊頭并進一步注釋本報價曾經(jīng)是最優(yōu)越價錢。并抒發(fā)了得到對于方訂單的指望。該信函拙劣地使用了 “表揚原則” ,拒絕了對于方降階請求。[4 ]

(四)謙卑原則(Modesty Maxim)謙卑正在生意信函中就是 “少贊美本人” , “夸張本人的沒有是” ,并要主觀地否認本人的弄錯。相似:Dear Sir ,Re : Your L/ C No.5757 covering your Order No.134Thank you for your extension of your L/ C No.5757.Today we shipped the above consignment on board S.S.“Nellore” which sails for your port tomorrow.Enclosed please find one set of the shipping document scovering this consignment , as follows :(1)One nonnegotiable copy of B/ L;(2)Invoice in duplicate;(3)Packing list in t riplicate;(4)One copy of Manufacturer’ s Certificate of Quali2ty;(5)One copy of Insurance Policy.We are glad to have filled your order af ter long delayand t rust that the goods will reach you in time to meet yoururgent need and that they will turn out to your completesatisfaction.We will fill your future orders promptly andmore carefully.Sincerely ,Smith率先 ,賣家感激對于方競爭將信譽證延期 ,便于昔日裝“Nellore” 輪發(fā)貨。而后 ,告訴對于方一切裝船材料。最初 ,表達出仔細施行訂單 “We will fill your future order” 的意義。賣家示意出的 “謙卑” 能夠給對于方容留比擬 “仔細” 的記憶 ,能起到保護優(yōu)良貿(mào)易聯(lián)系的作用[5 ](五)分歧原則(Agreement Maxim)正在實踐生涯和商務會談中 ,咱們時常有和外人看法沒有一致的時分。率先 ,能夠采納 I’ m sorry , I’ m af raid , itseems to me 等句型來激化語氣。相似:(1)I’ m sorry to say , Madam Wan , I can hardly a2gree to such terms.(2)Dear Sir ,Thank you for your quotation of 20 August and for thesamples of shoes you send us.We appreciate the good qual2ity of your shoes , but unfortunately your prices appear tobe on the high side even for shoes of this quality.We regretthat at these prices we cannot place an order.We , however , like the quality of your goods andwould welcome the opportunity to do business with you.May we suggest that you make some allowance on yourquoted prices so as to int roduce your goods to our custom2ers ?YoursOurs faithfully ,John Smith這是一封買方對于報盤的回復函 ,手段是請求賣家寄予價錢折讓。固然對于價錢有異言 ,然而該函率先提及對于方認同的意見 ,確定了鞋的品質高 ,而后才提出一致“ yourprices appear to be on the high side even for shoes of thisquality” ,那樣能使賣家易于承受沒有同點。實正在贊譽鞋的質量 ,提及單獨點 ,同聲 ,做作地提出了倍數(shù)要求 ,大大進步了接續(xù)對于話和買賣的能夠性。(六)憐憫原則(Sympathy Maxim)就是過分多從對于方的立場思忖。例:Dear Sir ,Up to now no news has come f rom you about the ship2ment.We were wondering if heavy bookings on your sidehave resulted in a tight shipping schedule.However , wehope that you would see your way to accommodate us.Yours Sincerey ,John Smith這是敦促對于方發(fā)貨信函 , 因為句語氣激化 , 沒有間接責怪和通知 , 而是設計對于方的處境 , 為對于方尋覓開脫的理由 , 顯示敵對于好心而寬龐大量 , 同聲直接坦率的要求對于方及古裝運 , 使對于方簡單承受。由此可見 , 憐憫原則請求是可以將對于方的利益放正在第一位 , 從對于方的立場看成績 , 使對于方的感覺、姿態(tài)等趨勢踴躍的停滯 , 從而到達我方的目的。

三、序言

“禮數(shù)準則” 無疑對于國內(nèi)商務運動存正在主要的指點意義。言語的禮數(shù)水平遭到政法、文明等要素的限制。正在將來越來越多的國內(nèi)商務運動中 ,咱們須留意鉆研禮數(shù)準則正在商務英語中的靈敏使用 ,留意禮數(shù)準則的文明風俗性 ,隨語境的 變遷而運用沒有同的外交形式。解決好禮數(shù)準則中各項原則與外交間隔之間的聯(lián)系 , 奮力達到?jīng)]有同文明間的認同 , 那樣有益于保護和維持靈敏無效的國內(nèi)商務交換原則 , 正在商務來往中與外方構建優(yōu)良的交往聯(lián)系 , 推進貿(mào)易的順利。

[參考文獻]

[1 ]何兆熊.新編英語用學概要[M].上海:uk essay上海外語教育出版社,2000.[2 ]楊柳.禮貌原則在外貿(mào)英語信函寫作中的運用.[J ].宿州教育學院學報,2007 ,10(4).[3 ]尹小芳.語用禮貌原則在商務英語中的運用.[J ].浙江海洋學院學報,2001 ,1(18).[4 ]陸墨珠.國際商務函電[ M].北京: 對外貿(mào)易大學出版社,2005 :47～49.[5 ]鄭嶺.禮貌原則及其在商務英語寫作中的英語.[J ].上海電力學院學報,2001 ,20

(4).

第二篇：國際商務函電

電傳

電傳，或稱為電傳打字機（Tele-Type），是遠距離打印交換的編寫形式。電傳既具有電話的快速，又具有打字機的準確，尤其是當電文中有資料時，這種優(yōu)點表現(xiàn)得特別明顯。人們普遍認為，電傳這種通訊方式，除了具備高效性和精確性之外，還比電報和電話更為便宜。

電傳是在傳真機普遍使用以前的通信設備，其原理有點近似電報。早期國家政府單位、國有進出口公司皆普見使用，但現(xiàn)在基本上已經(jīng)被傳真機或互聯(lián)網(wǎng)所取代。

特點

? 方便迅速

電傳打印機可安裝在辦公室內(nèi)，因而毋須到電報局去發(fā)電報，而且在給國外交易伙伴發(fā)電傳時，可以即時得到對方的回和答，就像進行電話交談一樣方便。? 手續(xù)簡便。

惟一要做的事情是，將欲發(fā)出的電文轉對成一系列孔眼并打制到紙帶上，再通過電磁波將電文發(fā)往目的地。

? 自動收發(fā)。

即使不在辦公室里，打印機也可在無人狀態(tài)下自動收發(fā)電文，電文或許是一份書面交易檔，這顯然比電話交談優(yōu)越得多。

? 高效經(jīng)濟。

打印機每分鐘可打400個浮點，根據(jù)《全美百科全書》記載，這種機器一分鐘內(nèi)可傳送大約67個詞。

在傳真及電子郵件大量充斥于國際貿(mào)易各個領域的書面聯(lián)絡當中時，也許電報和電傳方式早已被人們遺忘了，或者說了解有關這方面知識的人越來越少了。雖說電報和電傳正逐步趨于淘汰，然而它們的確又在國際商務活動中起了非常重要的作用。因此，研究電報和電傳，仍然具有重要的現(xiàn)實意義。

電傳是比書信、電報更優(yōu)越的書面交際手段。其優(yōu)點主要如下：第一，傳遞速度快。發(fā)電人在發(fā)電傳的同時收電人就可收到電文。因此，它比書信、電報的傳遞速度快。第二，費用低廉。由于電傳按實際傳送分鐘數(shù)計費，它比電話、電報還要便宜，并且訊息越長，使用電傳越經(jīng)濟。第三，使用方便。用戶可隨時在辦公室內(nèi)發(fā)出電文，從而避免了把電文送到電報局拍發(fā)的麻煩；用戶還可在辦公室內(nèi)一天24

小時接收電文，即使在無人照看電傳機的時候也能收到；用戶可通過電傳機互相交換意見。因而使用起來很方便。第四，文體自由。文體可接近書信語言，不致引起對方誤會；它還可分段，排列成條列式或表格式發(fā)出，可讀性強。

電傳又稱用戶電報(香港、臺灣稱為國際電報交換)。電傳(Telex)是“電傳打字電報機間相互交換信息”(Tele面nter，Te。letypew五terExchange)的縮寫詞。電傳作為一種先進的電信手段，始創(chuàng)于1930年，最先在德國開發(fā)成功。而后逐漸在世界各國得以使用。時至七、八十年代，世界上幾乎每個國家、每個地區(qū)都普遍采用電傳通信方式作為電信通信的主要手段。我國的國際電信系統(tǒng)是于70年代初開始受理國際電傳業(yè)務的。1973年以來，我國各外貿(mào)機構先后裝置了全套電傳設施，直接與國外廠商聯(lián)系，磋商交易。電傳的使用比起電報來要方便得多。用戶一天二十四小時內(nèi)可隨時在辦公室內(nèi)收、發(fā)電文，既避免了把電文送到電報局拍發(fā)的麻煩，又可在無入照看電傳機的時候接收電文。因此，夜間收到的訊息可在第二天早上進行處理。尤其對于時差較大的國家之間來說，電傳加快了其用戶相互處理訊息的速度。在七、八十年代，電傳的確在我國的進出口貿(mào)易中成為了主要的電信方式，在處理大量的、繁雜的外貿(mào)業(yè)務中起著重要的作用。需要說明的是，在當前的國際貿(mào)易業(yè)務中，電傳已在很大程度上被傳真所取代。但由于后者沒有前者的保密性能好，電傳仍被外交部門和一些商務機構使用。

第三篇：國際商務函電詞匯

平信 ordinary mail

航空信 VIA / by airmail掛號信 Registered / Reg./ R

特快傳遞Express mail service/ EMS 印刷品 printed matter 機密 Confidential 密件 secret 絕密 immediate 要件 top secret 急件 Urgent 親啟 personal

內(nèi)有照片 photo inside 一月 January 二月 February 三月 March 四月 April 五月 May六月 June七月 July 八月 August 九月 September 十月 October 十一月 November 十二月 December

附件說明 the Enclosure notation 復寫紙抄本 CC carbon copy 電子復印件 X.C.Xerox copy 暗抄（密送）B.C.blind copy 目錄 a catalogue 報價 a quotation

存貨 stock / availability

現(xiàn)行銷售條款 current sales terms 專門經(jīng)營 specialize in 簡介，概況 profile

藤木家具 rattan and wood furniture 草柳制品 wicker and willow craft 實木家具 solid wood furniture 良好的銷路 a good market for… 展覽，展出 expose 商品 item / article 展銷會 Fair

帶有插圖的商品目錄 illustrated catalogue

鋯石 cubic zirconium 降價 reduce the price 紅茶black tea

汽車生產(chǎn)商 car manufacturers 電子詞典 electronic dictionary 支付條件 terms of payment 大使館 Embassy 紗 yarn

多種的 a variety of

紡織機械 textile machine 針織機 knitting machine 紡織品 fabric

感激 appreciate one’s doing … 貿(mào)易代表團 trade delegation 穩(wěn)定的需求 steady demand for… 出口商行名錄 export directory 當前發(fā)展 current development 亞太地區(qū) Asia-Pacific region 亞洲社團 Asia Society 齊頭并進 keep pace with

為…樹立名聲 build a reputation of 享有…的名聲 enjoy a reputation of 致力于 dedicate to sth./ doing sth.企業(yè)家 executive 會員制 membership

有權隨時變更標價offer subject to alteration

有權隨時變更發(fā)盤而不另行通知 offer subject to change without notice 有權隨市場情況變更報價 offer subject to market fluctuation

發(fā)盤在未售前有效 offer subject to beingunsold

有權先售的報價 offer subject to prior sale

賣方確認后有效的報價 offer subject to seller’s confirmation 主動發(fā)盤 voluntary offer 賣家發(fā)盤 selling offer 買家發(fā)盤 buying offer 實盤 firm offer

虛盤 non-firm / conditional offer 確認做…confirm doing sth.使某人確信某物 assure sb.of sth.convince sb.of sth.現(xiàn)報價如下 we are making you the following offer

看不出原材料 A is made from B 看出原材料 A is made of B 滿足需求 meet the requirements 各占一半 50 / 50

滌綸/棉的混合 polyester/cotton mixture

標號 Label No.不同種類的 assorted 個別的 individually 塑料 plastic 裝箱 box

出口板條箱 export crate

不可撤銷信用證 irrevocable letter of credit

以…為受益人 In one’s favor 商業(yè)銀行 commercial bank 中國銀行 BC

中國工商銀行 ICBC 中國交通銀行 BCM中國建設銀行CCB 中國郵政儲蓄 PSBC 招商銀行 CMBC

中國民生銀行 CMBC / CMSB 匯豐銀行 HSBC

有效地，不變的 firm ,binding 生產(chǎn)力，生產(chǎn)量 capacity 通知 notification 發(fā)送 dispatch

被你方同意/通過 meet with your approval

We will dispatch the product within 3 months after receipt of L/C.We have enclosed the latest quotation for the product.電子計算器 electronic calculator 電熨斗 electric iron 電暖氣 electric heater 包裹 parcel post

合理的價格 reasonable price 成本價 cost price 實際價格 actual price平均價格 average price

最低價格 floor/ bottom price 最高價格 ceiling price 競爭價格 competitive price 折扣價格 discount price 優(yōu)惠價格 favorable price 法定價格 legal price 零售價格 retail price 批發(fā)價格 wholesale price 單價 unit price 凈價 net price

現(xiàn)行/當前價格 prevailing price 市價 current/market/ruling price 售價 selling price 特價 special price 值，劃算 value

sth.Is really good value.倘若 Provided

以..價格 at the price

__%的特別折扣 special discount for__%

的需求量 annual requirement 對于數(shù)量是_的訂單，我們給予_%的特別折扣 on order for _or more we allow a special discount for_% 數(shù)量折扣 quantity discount 現(xiàn)金折扣 cash discount

季節(jié)性折扣 seasonal discount 大量的 a large quantity of 地毯（小的）rug 地毯（大的）carpet 羊毛毯 woolen carpet 式樣 pattern 購買 purchase

老主顧，?？?regular customer

在A 和B之間浮動變化 ranging from A to B

平方英尺 square foot

特殊的，例外的 exceptional 有現(xiàn)貨 sth.be in stock 無現(xiàn)貨 sth.be out of stock

充分利用，占…便宜 take full advantage of it

代表，代表處 Representative 番茄醬 ketchup 待售 for sale

非賣品 not for sale

總部，總公司 headquarters /head office/parent company 分公司 branch 子公司 subsidiary 貼布告，發(fā)帖 post

無菌的 aseptic [?'septik] 散裝 in bulk

有意購買者 serious buyer

業(yè)務從…轉向… shift our business from… to …

修改樣品以買方確認為準 modify the sample subject to buyer’s final confirmation

無利可圖 leave us almost no profit 試訂單 trail order 續(xù)訂單 repeat order

固定/日常訂單 regular order 延期交貨（訂單）back order To place an(a trail)order with sb.for sth.服裝 garment

對…達成協(xié)議 agree on(upon)sth.與某人達成協(xié)議 agree with sb.最終目的地 final destination 按照規(guī)定的 as state

英國幣制 Sterling ['st?:li?] 經(jīng)紀人 broker

即期裝運 prompt shipment 貨物 consignment

符合 conform、comply with 滿意… find sth.satisfactory 立刻 without delay 床單 bed sheet

枕頭套 pillow cases 床墊 mattress

符合，與…一致 in accordance with 決定試訂購100噸大豆 place a trial order with you for 100 tons soil beans.罷工 Dockers’ strike白木耳 white fungus

處理execute/ fulfill/ work on/process 告知某人某事 inform sb.of sth.讓某人一直了解某事 keep sb.informed of sth.…收到了，謝謝 received with thanks

原料 raw materials 原油 crude oil

原產(chǎn)地 place of origin

有訂單任務 be committed to orders 我們訂貨任務繁重/我們接受的訂單過多 we are heavily committed to other orders.Commitment

Due to our heavy commitment, we are unable to accept your order.預先 in advance

推遲某方面 ask for delay in sth.加速 speed up卸貨 unload

成交確認書 Sales confirmation S.O

訂購單P.O.purchase order 形式發(fā)票 Proforma Invoice 會簽 countersign 偏離 deviations 變化variation

如果…發(fā)生 in the event of 為…負責 be responsible for… 對…應負有責任 be liable for… 不可抗力 Force Majeure

不測事件，意外事故 contingency 取消 cancellation 更改 modification 起于 arise from 磋商 consultation

與…有關，連同 be connection with 中國國際經(jīng)濟貿(mào)易仲裁委員會 China International Economic and Trade Arbitration

中國國際貿(mào)易促進委員會 China Council for the Promotion of International Trade

暫行議事條例 Provisional Rules 仲裁裁決 arbitral award

交貨條款 conditions of delivery 出發(fā)日期 date of departure 交貨期限 time frames 賬號 account No.蓋公章 Seal 余額 balance

收支平衡表 balance sheet

出口許可證號 export license No.銀行國際代碼 SWIFT CODE 散裝貨 bulk cargo（不可數(shù)）裸裝貨 nude cargo（可數(shù)）包裝貨 packed cargo 外包裝 outer packing

運輸包裝 shipping packing 桶 barrel 捆 bundle

集裝箱 container

整裝貨 FCL/ Full container load 拼箱LCL/ Less than container load 整裝整交 FCL/ FCL 整裝散交 FCL/LCL 散裝整交 LCL/ FCL 散裝散交 LCL/ LCL 內(nèi)包裝 inner packing

銷售/消費/零售包裝 consumer packing 噴霧 spray 商標 trademark 品牌 brand

根據(jù)，符合 in compliance with

防震，抗震 shake-proof

瓦楞紙板，波狀紙板 corrugated paper board ['k?ruɡeitid] 硬紙盒 carton 內(nèi)襯 lined with免費 free of charge 運輸中 in transit 木箱 wooden case 柳條筐 wicker basket

符合，依照 be in line with

市場優(yōu)先/偏好 market preference 增強，加固 reinforce 如果 on condition that 運輸標志 shipping mark 指示性標志 Indicative mark 易碎品 Fragile 防濕 Keep dry

向上，由下向上 Upward 此端向上 this side up

小心輕放 handle with care 勿倒置 keep upright

警告性標志 warning mark 易燃固體 Inflammable solid 易燃液體 Inflammable liquid 易燃氣體 Inflammable gas 有毒物 poison 爆炸品 explosive

自燃物品spontaneously combustible 有機氧化物Organic peroxide

氧化劑 Oxidizing agent ['?ksidaizi?]

放射性物品 Radioactive

腐蝕性物品 corrosive [k?'r?usiv] 批號，批數(shù) batch number 運單號 waybill 注意 see to it that

海洋運輸保險Ocean Marine Insurance

陸上運輸保險 Land Transit Insurance

航空運輸保險 Air transportation Insurance

郵包運輸保險 Parcel Post Insurance 保險代理人 insurance agent 保險金額 insurance amount 保險契約/合同 insurance clause 保險范圍 insurance coverage

保險單（完整，大保單）insurance policy 保險證明書（小保單）insurance certificate

保險費 insurance premium 中國人民保險公司 P.I.C.C.太平洋保險公司 C.P.I.C.保險公司 insurer /insurance company/ underwriter

保險受益人，被保險人 the insured 險別 risks

基本險 basic risks

平安險FPA free from particular average

水漬險 WPA with particular average 一切險 All Risks

附加險 extraneous/ additional risks 偷竊、提貨不到險 TPND /theft pilferage and non-delivery risk

淡水雨淋險 FWRD / RFWD /fresh water rain damage risk

特殊附加險 special additional risks 戰(zhàn)爭險 War Risk

罷工、暴工、民變險 SRCC/ strikes, riots and civil commotions

黃曲霉素險 Aflatoxin [,?fl?'t?ksin] 交貨不到險 Failure to Delivery 投保…險 insure / cover against… 投保金額是… insure for(+money)保險率是… insure the goods at the rate of _%

跟…投保 insure with… 為…（貨物）投保 cover an insurance on/ for …

代表 on one’s behalf 隨…而變化 vary with 范圍 extent

額外保險費 extra premium 完成 through with

預約保險單 open policy 正式手續(xù) formality倉庫 warehouse

記到某人的賬戶 charge… to one’s account = charge… to the account of sb.（經(jīng)核準的）保險證書副本 certified copy

（事實）既然如此 such being the case

要求 call for 修改 amend 電冰箱、冷藏庫 refrigerator 卸貨 discharge/ unloading

(一筆)金額為… in the sum of

預定做某事，計劃做某事 be scheduled to do / be due to do sth.委托人 consignor 承運人 carrier

收件人，受托人 consignee 租船 charter a ship

班輪運輸 liner transport

固定船期 fixed sailing schedule 固定航線 fixed sea route 固定港口 fixed ports

固定運費率 fixed freight rate 租船運輸 tramp

程租船 voyage charter

單程租船 single voyage charter 往返程租 return voyage charter 定期租船 time charter

租艙位 charter the shipping space 租船合同/契約 charter party 提單 Bill of Loading B/L

貨物備妥通知 notification of readiness / notice of cargo readiness 發(fā)貨通知 shipping advice 重型起重機 heavy lifts

40天前發(fā)出確切/肯定通知 give 40 days definite notice/advice 買賣的特權（…的特權）option on sth./ the right to do sth.升降機（載運重件船）lifter 達成交易，簽合同 conclude 暫時地，臨時地 provisionally 隨函 herewith

訂艙單 booking note 查閱 refer to租船方 Merchant

具有執(zhí)行全球貿(mào)易的有效證件 with valid certificates for worldwide 以…為條件 subject to 背面 reverse side 空艙費 deadfreight 滯期費 demurrage 取代，代替 supersede 擔任 act as

吊機（架）leg section 照顧 attend to

漂浮著，浮泊 afloat 尺寸，體積 dimension

運費率 freight rate

定于…時做某事 be expected to do sth.委派某人做某事 appoint sb.to do sth.指派，派船 nominate vessel 預期可到達時間 ETA 預期可出發(fā)時間 ETD 碼頭 dock

(船)開往 sail for

應到的，預期的 due to

某物用某船運輸 sth.has been shipped by m.v.__ 一式一份 in one copy 一式兩份in duplicate 一式三份 in triplicate

一式四、五、六份 in four/ five/ six copies

正本，原本 original

第四篇：國際商務函電1

敬啟者：

東方貿(mào)易有限公司向我們推薦了貴公司。我們了解到貴公司三十多年來一直以質量最佳的青島瓶裝啤酒供應給許多國家和地區(qū)。

我公司是本國最大的食品貿(mào)易公司，在各主要城鎮(zhèn)均設有辦事處或代理處。我們確信本國對各類外國啤酒有極大的需求量，因此，請貴公司回信告知是否有意與我們建立直接的貿(mào)易關系，我方將不勝感激。

我們預料貴公司產(chǎn)品在我方市場有著廣闊的前景。我們保證隨時給予你方密切合作。盼早復。

Your firm has been recommended to us by Oriental Trading Co.Ltd.We understand that you have been supplying “Qingdao” brand bottled beer of the best quality to a lot of countries and regions for over 30 years.We the largest food trading corporation in this country and have offices or representatives in almost all major cities and towns.We are sure that there is a large demand for various foreign beers in our country.Therefore，we shall appreciate very much if you will advise us whether you have a mind to establish business relations with us.We foresee a bright prospect for your products in our market.We assure you of our close cooperation at all times and look forward to hearing from you soon.Yours faithfully

第五篇：國際商務函電翻譯

※我們愿意在平等互利，互通有無的基礎上與貴公司建立業(yè)務聯(lián)系

1.We are willing to enter into business relations with your firm on the basis of equality and mutual benefit, and to exchange what on has with what one needs.承蒙中國外貿(mào)組織的介紹，我們得知貴公司有意在本地市場做生意

2.Through the courtesy of Chinese External Trade Organization, we have your name as a firm who is interested in doing business with us in this market.我們是世界上最大的絲綢進口商之一。我們過去一直是從日本進口的，現(xiàn)在我們想到中國市場訂購

6.Please be informed that we are one of the largest importers of silk in the world.We have been importing this item from Japan and now intend to extend our business to import the same from China.為了使你們對我們可供出口的各類紡織品有一個總的概念，隨函寄上樣本和價格單各一份，供你們查閱

8.In order to give you a general idea of our various textiles available for export, we are enclosing herewith sample books and a copy of price list for your information.※我們收到你方6月4日對我們電子玩具的詢價，現(xiàn)高興地向你方報盤如下，供你參考

5.We have received your inquiry of June 4 for our electronic toys and now take pleasure in making you the following offer for your consideration 考慮到貴方將開出大量的訂單，對于我們最近的報價將允許一定的折扣

10.We will allow certain discount on our recent quotation considering your large order.為了開展雙方間具體的業(yè)務，我們很高興向你方報特盤，以我方最后確認的為有效報價

11.In order to start the concrete business between us, we are glad to make you a special offer, subject to our final confirmation.按照你們的要求，我們報50公噸大豆的實盤如下，以自本日起一周之內(nèi)向你方復到為準

15.At the request of you, we offer you firm, subject to your reply reaching here within one week, 50m/t soybeans as follows.※現(xiàn)附上我方第101號合同正本兩份，請會簽并早日寄回一份

2.Enclosed please find Contract No.101 in two originals.Please counter sign and return one copy at earliest.你公司2005年9月20日來函內(nèi)附1000臺縫紉機訂單一紙已收到。茲附寄第346號銷售確認書一式兩份，請會簽一份以便存檔

5.We have received your letter of 20th September 2005 enclosed an order of 1000 sets of sewing machines.We hereby enclose the sales contract No.346 in duplicate.Please countersign and return one copy to us for our file.你方8月14日的來函及隨附的訂單已受到。茲附寄第235號銷售確認書一式兩份，請會簽一份以便存檔

7.Your letter of August 14 and the enclosed order have been received.We are enclosing our Sales Confirmation No.235 in duplicate, one of which please sign and return for our file.請注意，信用證條款與合同條款必須嚴格相符，以免日后修改

8.Please note that the terms and conditions of / in the L/C must strictly comply with those of / in the contract so as to avoid future amendments.※如能收到貴方訂單，我們將非常感謝

1）We shall be pleased to receive your kind orders.應你方要求，我方破例接受即期付款交單方式，但下不為例

5）In compliance with your request, we exceptionally accept delivery against D/P at sight, but this should not be regarded as a precedent.我方將以托收方式開出向你方支取的即期跟單匯票

6）We will draw on you by our documentary draft at sight on collection basis.我們只接受在簽約后3天內(nèi)以電匯預付發(fā)票總金額的20%，余下的80%以即期信用證方式付清，要求該信用證必須在裝運前15-30天內(nèi)送達我方

7）We can only accept 20% T/T in advance within 3 days upon signature of the S/C, and the other 80% of the total invoice value shall be made by L/C at sight to reach us 15-30 days before the delivery.※裝運期將近，如果能盡快開立以我方為受益人的信用證將不勝感激

1.The date of shipment is approaching, we should be grateful if you will open an L/C in our favor as soon as possible.經(jīng)詳閱，我們對第276號信用證按貴方要求進行了必要的修改 4.On perusal we made necessary amendments to the L/C.按照你方4月10日來信要求，我方已通知銀行將信用證展證至10月31日

6.As requested in your letter of 10 April, we have advised the bank to extend the L/C to 31 October.由于我方訂不到艙位，我方要求將信用證交貨期和有效期分別展期到4月10日和4月25日

7.As we cannot obtain the shipping space, we would like to have the delivery date and validity of L/C extended to 10 April and 25th April respectively.※請確保此包裝牢固，足以承受粗魯?shù)陌徇\

4.Please be assured that the packing is strong enough to withstand rough handling.我們通常把每件男襯衫裝入一個盒子里，半打裝一箱，10打裝一個木箱

5.We usually pack each piece of men’s shirt in a box, half dozen to a carton and 10 dozen to a wooden case.請把每臺電視機裝一紙板箱，每4臺裝一適合于出口的木箱

6．Please pack one TV set to a cardboard box, 4 sets to a wooden case suitable for export.我們要求內(nèi)包裝小巧而精美以有助于銷售，外包裝輕便而堅固以易于搬運

8.We require the inner packing to be small and exquisite to help sales and the outer packing to be light and strong to be easy to carry.※本函隨寄了有關包裝和貨物價值的一些材料。如果貴方能報從港口到港口一切險的保險費率，本公司不勝感激 4.Details with regards to packing and values are attached, and we would be grateful if you could quote a rate covering all risks from port to port.我們已向中國人民保險公司將100公噸羊毛按發(fā)票金額的110%投保一切險，保險費用為3% 6.We’ve covered insurance with the People’s Insurance Company of China on the 100 metric tons of wools for 110% of the invoice value against All Risks at the rate of 3%。

將由我方按照到岸價的發(fā)票金額110%辦理該貨的保險，如果需要，額外增加保險的費用將由買方承擔

7.Insurance on the goods shall be covered by us for 110% of the CIF value, and any extra premium for additional coverage, if required, shall be borne by the buyers.很遺憾，我們不能接受這一索賠，因為你們的保險沒有包括破碎險

17.Much to our regret, we cannot accept this claim as you have not covered the risk of breakage.※我們沒法取得艙位，所以要求轉運

1.We cannot obtain the shipping space, so we ask for transshipment.另一種方法就是我們將貨物分批裝運

2.An alternative is to make partial shipment.開往你地的輪船非常少，我們很難在直達輪上訂到艙位

3.As the steamer to your port is few and far between, it is difficult for us to book shipping space on a direct line.第E493號合同和第2864號信用證項下3000臺彩電到目前為止仍未收到任何裝船消息，這給我們帶來很大麻煩 4.We haven’t received any news about shipment of 3,000 sets color TV under contract No.E493 and No.2864, which involve us in big trouble.※經(jīng)檢查發(fā)現(xiàn)近30%的包裝破爛，顯示由于包裝不妥所致

2.The inspection found that nearly 30% of the packaging broken, due to packaging is wrong.很遺憾貴方到貨的質量與雙方商定的不符。由于該貨不能出售，對我方也無用，我方向貴方索賠金額xx 3.Unfortunately the inconsistent quality of your arrival to that agreed upon by both parties.Since the goods can not be sold and also useless to us, we place our claims for xx.經(jīng)目的港復檢，維多利亞號運來的羊毛的質量與第3215號合同所規(guī)定的完全不符

4.The re-examination of the port of destination shows the quality of the wool shipped in S/S “Victoria” is completely incompatible to that stipulated under No.3215 contract.我方對東風輪裝運的1000噸小麥水分過多提出索賠

6.We make claims due to moisture content of 1000 tons of wheat shipped by S/S “Dongfeng” more than the required level.※我們愿意擔任你們現(xiàn)行出口商品的代理，因為我們擁有一個廣闊的國內(nèi)市場。

1)We would like to act as your agent for ruling export goods, as we own a wide domestic market./We would like to represent you under agency for your ruling exports, for we retain a great share of our domestic market.代理問題尚在考慮中，希望在現(xiàn)階段繼續(xù)努力推銷我們的產(chǎn)品

3)The issue of agency is under consideration and we hope you will do your best to push the sale of our products at present stage.對你們想擔任獨家代理的請求，我們正在仔細考慮。同時，我們很想了解你方推銷我們產(chǎn)品的計劃

7)We are taking your request of acting as our sole agent into account and at the same time we are keen to know your plan for promoting our products./While taking your request of working as our sole agent under careful examination, we need to learn in detail about your plan to push our products.在產(chǎn)品的廣告方面我們盡了很大努力，營業(yè)額仍不能令人滿意

8)We have done much efforts in advertising the products but the volume of trade is not satisfactory./Though much efforts have been taken in advertising the product, we still feel dissatisfied about out turnover.