第一篇：高三英語(yǔ)學(xué)法指導(dǎo)與語(yǔ)法難點(diǎn) (三)

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高三英語(yǔ)學(xué)法指導(dǎo)與語(yǔ)法難點(diǎn)(三)

撰 稿：李俊和編 審：畢 勤責(zé) 編：隋 瑜

一、聽(tīng)力測(cè)試的準(zhǔn)備與應(yīng)試

聽(tīng)力是語(yǔ)言交際諸項(xiàng)能力中主要靠聽(tīng)覺(jué)捕捉信息的一種能力。聽(tīng)力理解力的強(qiáng)弱是語(yǔ)言多種能力的綜合反映。聽(tīng)力測(cè)試在高考中占30分，比例不小。一般考九個(gè)對(duì)話和一篇短文，對(duì)話是由一男一女朗讀的。試題的語(yǔ)速為每分鐘120-140個(gè)詞，比英美人一般語(yǔ)速每分鐘140-150個(gè)詞略慢。試題前有試聽(tīng)段落，基本沒(méi)有生詞但有個(gè)別難句。讀音標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，英美音都有。對(duì)話的重點(diǎn)包括表示看法、活動(dòng)安排、購(gòu)物、看病、就餐、旅游以及打電話等日常生活內(nèi)容。對(duì)話和短文后所問(wèn)問(wèn)題包括話題、人物關(guān)系、態(tài)度觀點(diǎn)、順序、計(jì)算、原因、結(jié)果、時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)及職業(yè)。

在做聽(tīng)力測(cè)試時(shí)，一定要調(diào)整好心態(tài)，緊張、焦慮、不安都不利于捕捉聲音信息。試聽(tīng)時(shí)，應(yīng)注意聽(tīng)，爭(zhēng)取理解大意。試聽(tīng)可以熟悉講話者的語(yǔ)音語(yǔ)調(diào)，使學(xué)生注意力集中，盡快轉(zhuǎn)向英語(yǔ)思維。播放錄音前，盡量爭(zhēng)取將下一對(duì)話的問(wèn)題看一下。帶著問(wèn)題聽(tīng)，可集中注意主要的信息，效果肯定好。其實(shí)兩題之間有10秒的停頓，這10秒可以省出三四秒看看下一題。學(xué)會(huì)預(yù)測(cè)，對(duì)理解全文意義重大。邊聽(tīng)邊在草稿紙上用自己熟悉的簡(jiǎn)單符號(hào)速記數(shù)字、地名、人名等。有的對(duì)話或獨(dú)白要讀兩遍,第一遍不必追求全聽(tīng)懂，有些聽(tīng)不懂是很自然的，努力抓住大意就是好的。第二遍再結(jié)合問(wèn)題聽(tīng)要點(diǎn)，以便答題。學(xué)會(huì)抓住關(guān)鍵詞。一個(gè)關(guān)鍵詞就能解決一道題。

聽(tīng)的能力是在聽(tīng)的實(shí)踐中提高的。任何理論的講解都是輔助性的。有志于提高聽(tīng)力的同學(xué)，應(yīng)該趕緊打開(kāi)錄音機(jī)，利用一切機(jī)會(huì)，多聽(tīng)、勤聽(tīng)。熟能生巧，經(jīng)過(guò)一段時(shí)間練習(xí)，聽(tīng)力肯定會(huì)有提高。要精聽(tīng)泛聽(tīng)相結(jié)合。泛聽(tīng)主要練習(xí)聽(tīng)大意或部分內(nèi)容，不必什么都聽(tīng)懂。泛聽(tīng)對(duì)培養(yǎng)良好的感覺(jué)，提高聽(tīng)力技巧也是重要的。材料的選取要難易適度，并注意趣味性。不要一開(kāi)始就練聽(tīng)太難的東西，這樣，會(huì)挫傷積極性，欲速則不達(dá)。掌握正確的語(yǔ)音語(yǔ)調(diào)。聽(tīng)者本人的語(yǔ)音語(yǔ)調(diào)正確，在聽(tīng)的過(guò)程中的語(yǔ)音識(shí)別能力就強(qiáng)。要學(xué)會(huì)抓住主要信息，忽略非主流信息，要練習(xí)看到問(wèn)題和聽(tīng)到某一詞時(shí)能迅速預(yù)測(cè)下面內(nèi)容。另外，聽(tīng)說(shuō)讀寫(xiě)是互相聯(lián)系、互相影響的。要想聽(tīng)力提高，不但要多聽(tīng)，還應(yīng)重視說(shuō)、讀和寫(xiě)。某些階段有所側(cè)重是應(yīng)該的，但不能偏廢任何一方面。一個(gè)讀寫(xiě)能力強(qiáng)、說(shuō)的也不錯(cuò)的人，是很容易提高他的聽(tīng)的能力的。

二、語(yǔ)法知識(shí)易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)

1.注意幾個(gè)短語(yǔ)的用法。

1)the tallest of all The girl is the best student of all.2)the smaller of the two This island is the larger of the two.3)less rich than He is less poor than his brother.4)as rich as He is as tall as his brother.5)the more…, the better… The more you look at it, the better you like it.6)not more beautiful than, no more beautiful than

誤：He is no more clever than his brother.So he can solve the problem.正：He is no more foolish than his brother.So he can solve the problem.2.注意幾組副詞的區(qū)別。

1)deep, deeply I was deeply touched by the moving story.2)high, highly I thought highly of his idea.3)wide, widely English is widely spoken in China nowadays.4)direct, directly Go direct home.5)first, firstly

6)free, freely He can talk freely in English.7)hard, hardly I can hardly move.8)late, lately Where have you been lately?

9)just, justly

10)loud, aloud, loudly Reading aloud is important for English learners.11)most, mostly My friends are mostly Chinese.12)near, nearly, almost Almost nobody was there to help him.13)fair, fairly, rather, quite

14)also, as well, too, either

15)very, much, very much

誤：I'm deep moved by what he said.正：I'm deeply moved by what he said.3.幾個(gè)易錯(cuò)的副詞

home, downtown, downstairs, abroad

誤句：He went to abroad three years ago.正句：He went abroad three years ago.4.介詞與動(dòng)詞的搭配。

agree with, belong to, break away from, care for…

He agreed with what I said.5.介詞與形容詞的搭配。

afraid of, angry with, different from, good at…

I'm afraid of falling behind others.6.介詞與名詞的搭配。

answer to, key to, reason for, cause of, visit to

How about your visit to the Great Wall?

7.注意幾組介詞的區(qū)別。

1)at, in, on(表地點(diǎn)，表時(shí)間)

2)from, for, since(表時(shí)間)

3)below, under, above, over

4)between, among

5)by, with, in(表方式)

You can get there by bus.He cut the meat with a knife.He wrote the letter in ink.8.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)注意以下兩點(diǎn)。

1)表時(shí)刻表的情況下，一般現(xiàn)在代替將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)用；

2)主將從現(xiàn)符合的原則是：if條件句，時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，方式狀語(yǔ)從句和讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。如：If he comes, I'll let you know.He will be happy when I tell him.Next time I'll do as you say.Even if it rains tomorrow, the sports meet will take place.3)be to do 表有責(zé)任、有義務(wù)做某事

be going to do 表示有計(jì)劃性、準(zhǔn)備做某事

will do 一般情況下使用

誤：The plane will take off at 10p.m.正：The plane takes off at 10p.m.9.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)注意以下四點(diǎn)。

1)和always, constantly, forever, continually連用表示說(shuō)話人的感情色彩，責(zé)備，埋怨等；He is always thinking of others.2)強(qiáng)調(diào)情況的暫時(shí)性；

He is walking to school because his bike is being repaired.3)強(qiáng)調(diào)一時(shí)的表現(xiàn)；

He is being silly.4)表將來(lái)。

I'm going shopping this afternoon.誤：He types his own letters when his secretary is ill.正：He is typing his own letters when his secretary is ill.誤：He always makes the same mistake.正：He is always making the same mistake.10.一般將來(lái)時(shí)注意以下三點(diǎn)。

1)表傾向，習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作。意為“會(huì)，不能，沒(méi)法”；

We will die sooner or later.The medicine won't help.2)表推測(cè)

The man in the middle will be visiting president.3)表容量

The hall will seat 500 people.誤：The machine doesn't work.正：The machine won't work.11.一般過(guò)去時(shí)說(shuō)沒(méi)有想到是指過(guò)去沒(méi)有想到。如：

I didn't expect you were here.I didn't think you would come.12.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的適用范圍。

1)過(guò)去動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響和結(jié)果；

I've already finished my homework, so I can leave now.2)過(guò)去開(kāi)始持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在；

Great changes have taken place in China in the past five years.3)曾經(jīng)經(jīng)歷過(guò)的事情；

Have you ever been to the Summer Palace?

4)在主將從現(xiàn)中，如果沒(méi)有一般現(xiàn)在，可以選現(xiàn)在完成。如：

If I finish/have finished my homework, I'll go home.13.過(guò)去完成時(shí)注意兩點(diǎn)。

1)它是和一般過(guò)去時(shí)對(duì)應(yīng)存在的，沒(méi)有一般過(guò)去時(shí)，就不存在過(guò)去完成時(shí)。

2)用在no sooner…than, scarcely…when, hardly…when, had intended, had hoped, had planned等短語(yǔ)中。

誤：I hoped to go there, but I didn't.正：I had hoped to go there, but I didn't.14.that從句用完成時(shí)。

It/This/That is the first/second/last time that… 如：

This is the first time that I have been in Beijing.It/This/That is the only…that… 如：

That is the only book that I have really enjoyed in my life.It/This/That is the + 最高級(jí)…that…

It is one of the most interesting book that I have ever read.15.一般不用進(jìn)行時(shí)的詞。

沒(méi)有延續(xù)性的詞（accept, decide, want等），know, think, agree, mean, love, like, cost, exist, hate, dislike, fear, 系動(dòng)詞。

誤：I'm wanting to know the reason.正：I want to know the reason.

第二篇：高三英語(yǔ)學(xué)法指導(dǎo)與語(yǔ)法難點(diǎn)5

高三英語(yǔ)學(xué)法指導(dǎo)與語(yǔ)法難點(diǎn)(五)

撰 稿：李俊和編 審：畢 勤責(zé) 編：隋 瑜

一、英語(yǔ)詞匯學(xué)習(xí)中的幾個(gè)注意事項(xiàng)

語(yǔ)言最小最基礎(chǔ)的單位是詞匯。詞匯掌握得扎實(shí)準(zhǔn)確，又會(huì)靈活運(yùn)用，使用語(yǔ)言的能力就強(qiáng)。高考要考察的詞匯與課本所學(xué)的詞匯并非完全一致。高考詞匯表共約2000個(gè)單詞和500個(gè)左右詞組。備戰(zhàn)高考應(yīng)把主要精力放在高考詞匯表上，記一些課外單詞對(duì)高考意義不大。以下是學(xué)習(xí)單詞的一些建議：

1.學(xué)習(xí)單詞，不但要記住拼寫(xiě)，還要注意基本用法。比如說(shuō)hope一詞，就要知道常見(jiàn)用法是hope to do，hope + that clause，lose hope，I hope so等等，還要知道不能用于hope sb to do sth這一結(jié)構(gòu)，以及不說(shuō)

I don't hope so，但常說(shuō)I hope not。

2.詞不離句，句不離文。不要孤立地學(xué)習(xí)單詞，要結(jié)合句子和文章理解，記憶，復(fù)習(xí)單詞。所以，不斷地聽(tīng)說(shuō)讀寫(xiě)英語(yǔ)其實(shí)是學(xué)習(xí)單詞的最好的辦法。

3.按單詞用法分類記憶。如其后只跟doing 的動(dòng)詞：enjoy, mind, practice, finish, consider, give up 等。又如不及物動(dòng)詞：lie, die, fall, talk, arrive, stand, sleep, look, cheer, hurry, sit.4.把名詞分成若干類記憶。如：

動(dòng)物：ant, bird, cat, donkey ,frog, panda.職業(yè)：teacher, worker, student, ballplayer, athlete。

食品：burger, rice, chicken, fish, soup, potato.交通工具：car, bus, taxi, plane, ship, bicycle。

建筑物：building, statue, hotel, stadium, hall。

地名：Australia, Britain, China, Denmark, Egypt, France。

5.按詞類記憶如，介詞：in, on, above, under, after, at, upon, through, by, across.連詞：since, when, while, before, though, if, as, where, because, even if.6.按拼寫(xiě)記憶

如以o結(jié)尾的詞：potato, tomato, piano, zoo, hero, zero, kilo, volcano, bamboo.又如含ght的詞：thought, taught, light, bright, tight, right, caught, sought, night, fight.7.按前后綴記憶

如以ion結(jié)尾的詞：examination, imagination, conclusion, passion, discussion,如以th為開(kāi)頭的詞：thank, thin, think, threat, the, then, than, throat, thought,又如以less結(jié)尾的詞：wordless, nevertheless, hopeless, voiceless, harmless, needless, powerless, careless

8.以動(dòng)詞為核心記詞組。如 take out, take in, take on, take part in 等。

9．以副詞為核心記憶詞組。如 break out, come out , find out , look out等。

二、語(yǔ)法知識(shí)易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)

1.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表推測(cè)反意疑問(wèn)句。

還原成原來(lái)的時(shí)態(tài)，再反問(wèn)。如：

It must have rained last night, didn't it?

He must have waited for you for a long time, hasn't he?

He must be waiting for you outside, isn't he?

2.反意疑問(wèn)句。

1)Let us…, will you?

2)Let's…, shall we?

3)祈使句的反意疑問(wèn)句用will you。

1)賓語(yǔ)從句反意疑問(wèn)句原則上反主句，但是如果主語(yǔ)是I，則反從句。如：

He said you were a good student, didn't he?

I think you are right, aren't you?

2)帶有否定前后綴的句子還是肯定句；帶有否定副詞的句子在句中是否定句。如：He dislikes you, doesn't he?

He never likes you, does he?

誤：You feed the bird, don't you?

正：You feed the bird, will you?

3.現(xiàn)在分詞。

1)doing表主動(dòng)，表進(jìn)行；

The boiling water hurts me badly.2)being done表被動(dòng)，表進(jìn)行；

The question being discussed now was raised by me.3)having done表主動(dòng)，表完成；

Having washed his feet, he went to bed.4)having been done表被動(dòng)，表完成。

Having been washed, his feet are clean now.誤：The building built will be our library.It's very noisy now.正：The building being built will be our library.It's very noisy now.4.動(dòng)詞不定式。

1)to do 表目的，表將來(lái)；

He seems to know this.2)to be doing表進(jìn)行

He pretended to be listening attentively.3)to be done表目的，表被動(dòng)；

The room is to be cleaned tomorrow.4)to have done 表過(guò)去，表完成；

I'm sorry to have given you so much trouble.5)to have been done表完成，表被動(dòng)；

The boy is said to have been sent to the hospital.6)to have been doing 表示某一動(dòng)作從過(guò)去延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在還要延續(xù)到將來(lái)

She is said to have been working on this problem for many hours.誤：The question discussed tomorrow is raised by me.正：The question to be discussed tomorrow is raised by me.5.動(dòng)詞不定式幾點(diǎn)注意。

1)teach, know, learn后接how + to do

I don't know how to do it.2)有do無(wú)to

I can do nothing but sleep.There is nothing I can do but sleep.3)why not do

4)否定式not to do

5)不定式復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)

It is important for us to learn English well.但當(dāng)表語(yǔ)表示不定式的邏輯主語(yǔ)的特征屬性時(shí)要用of

如：good, kind, nice, clever, silly, stupid, foolish, right, wrong, rude,impolite,careless

It is very kind of you to help me.= You are kind to help me.6)作獨(dú)立成份：To tell you the truth, I'm almost freezing.To cut/ make a long story short, ……

7)為避免重復(fù)，口語(yǔ)中?？墒∪ヅc前邊動(dòng)詞重復(fù)的動(dòng)詞原形，但是to要留下。---Would you like to go to the films with me?

---I'd like to.8)兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的不定式并列在一起時(shí)，第一個(gè)不定式帶to，后面的不定式往往省去to。I wish to finish my task and(to)get away.但表對(duì)照，不能省to

It is better to laugh than to cry.9)It is for you to decide.It is to be decided by you.10)He is said to have been rich.It is said that he has been rich.6.過(guò)去分詞。

done表被動(dòng)，表完成。

The question discussed yesterday was raised by me.誤：The thief was brought in with his hand being tied behind.正：The thief was brought in with his hand tied behind.7.分詞在句中做成分。

1)表語(yǔ)

The news is exciting.I'm excited.2)賓補(bǔ)

I see him playing near the river.3)定語(yǔ)

The machine run by the old worker is the most advanced here.4)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)

Seeing from the top of the mountain, I found the city small.5)原因狀語(yǔ)

Being shy, the girl dare not speak to others.6)方式，伴隨狀語(yǔ)

He came into the classroom, holding a book in his hand.7)條件狀語(yǔ)

Given more time, we could do it better.8)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)

He dropped the plate, breaking it into pieces.9)程度狀語(yǔ)

The weather is boiling hot.誤：I found a box contained a lot of gold.正：I found a box containing a lot of gold.8.分詞的獨(dú)立成分。

compared to, compared with, judging from, judging by, considering, generally speaking, according to, etc.Compared with Japan, China has a large population.Generally speaking, it is worth doing.誤：Judged from his expression, he is quite happy.正：Judging from his expression, he is quite happy.9.動(dòng)名詞在句中的成分。

1)主語(yǔ)

Fighting broke out between the south and the north.2)賓語(yǔ)

He gave up teaching two years ago.3)表語(yǔ)

Her job is washing, cleaning and taking care of the children.4)定語(yǔ)

It's a good hiding place.誤：Take a walk in such a beautiful day is really nice.正：Taking a walk in such a beautiful day is really nice.10.動(dòng)名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。

原則上用one's doing, sb's doing

His coming in without being asked made me angry.但是無(wú)生命的物體，直接用名詞+doing。

The windows suddenly opening made me surprised.有生命的物體，如果是泛指，也是直接+doing。

Have you heard of women playing football?

兩個(gè)以上的有生命物體，同樣是直接+doing。

Do you still remember my mother and me coming to see you?

誤：The boys were frightened by the door's suddenly shutting.正：The boys were frightened by the door suddenly shutting.11.下列動(dòng)詞或詞組后直接加doing。

mind, finish, appreciate, admit, advise, avoid, consider, dislike, enjoy, excuse, imagine, escape, include, keep, practice, miss, risk, stand, deny, suggest, give up, put off, can't help, insist on, devote to等。

誤：I dislike to talk with such a boring person.正：I dislike talking with such a boring person.

第三篇：高三英語(yǔ)學(xué)法指導(dǎo)與語(yǔ)法難點(diǎn)1

高三英語(yǔ)學(xué)法指導(dǎo)與語(yǔ)法難點(diǎn)(一)

撰 稿：李俊和編 審：畢 勤責(zé) 編：隋 瑜

一 高考英語(yǔ)試題的主要特點(diǎn)

如果你想在高考中取得好成績(jī)，總復(fù)習(xí)確有成效，你就必須對(duì)高考試題的主要特點(diǎn)有一個(gè)清楚的了解。

1.試題的基本難度不變

英語(yǔ)試題在題型，難度，測(cè)試范圍，及區(qū)分度上都將與近幾年一致，因?yàn)闊o(wú)論全國(guó)試題或地方自命試題都是按考試大綱命制的。隨著新教材的使用和新課標(biāo)的執(zhí)行，高考英語(yǔ)肯定會(huì)有變化，但基本的考點(diǎn)，題型不會(huì)有大的變化。

2.重視實(shí)際使用英語(yǔ)能力的考核。

現(xiàn)在的高考主要考查語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用，即在實(shí)際生活中聽(tīng)說(shuō)讀寫(xiě)的能力。換句話說(shuō)，如果你的聽(tīng)力好，閱讀強(qiáng)，寫(xiě)作也不錯(cuò)那在英語(yǔ)高考中就能拿一個(gè)高分。如果你只知道一些語(yǔ)法知識(shí)的細(xì)枝末節(jié)，而聽(tīng)、讀、寫(xiě)都沒(méi)怎么練，那你在高考中肯定是英雄無(wú)用武之地，分?jǐn)?shù)上不去。

3.突出語(yǔ)篇的作用，在活的情景中考查。

所謂突出語(yǔ)篇的作用，即通過(guò)語(yǔ)篇考查聽(tīng)、讀、寫(xiě)的能力，而不是孤立地、無(wú)上下文的單句式的考查。

4.考英語(yǔ)還要考思維能力和綜合文化素質(zhì)

英語(yǔ)卷不僅僅在考英語(yǔ)，幾乎每一個(gè)試題都滲透著對(duì)觀察、分析、記憶、想象，推理，判斷和綜合能力的測(cè)試，以及對(duì)學(xué)生全面文化素質(zhì)的考查。試卷中主要試題都是在對(duì)話和短文中進(jìn)行考核的，都有具體的語(yǔ)境，都需要分析，推測(cè)和概括。所以，只會(huì)死背句型，不善推理判斷，記憶不準(zhǔn)確，知識(shí)面又窄，這樣的學(xué)生在高考面前就會(huì)顯得力不從心。

5．閱讀理解能力是重點(diǎn)檢查的能力

高考對(duì)英語(yǔ)聽(tīng)說(shuō)讀寫(xiě)諸項(xiàng)能力的測(cè)試并非均衡對(duì)待，而是按照教學(xué)大綱的要求，突出了對(duì)閱讀能力的測(cè)試。這不僅表現(xiàn)在閱讀理解題在試卷中占的比重最大（40分），還表現(xiàn)在閱讀能力是決定聽(tīng)力，完形填空、書(shū)面表達(dá)、單項(xiàng)填空等題型答題效果的最基本的能力。強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)閱讀的檢測(cè)也符合中國(guó)人學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的規(guī)律。閱讀是目前中國(guó)人學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)的主要方式，閱讀又是獲取較綜合，較復(fù)雜，較深刻信息的手段，突出考察閱讀能力是完全正確的。

6．強(qiáng)調(diào)基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)和基本技能的掌握。

高考作為一種選拔性的考試，雖然有難題，但主要考的仍是基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)和基本技能?；A(chǔ)的東西掌握好了，才可能把試卷中的中低檔的題做對(duì)，也才有可能攻克由諸項(xiàng)基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)綜合而成的難題。高考成績(jī)的高低，主要取決于基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)和基本技能的掌握。那種在總復(fù)習(xí)中一味追求難題、怪題，而忽視基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)的落實(shí)與基本技能訓(xùn)練的作法，實(shí)在是與高考命題主導(dǎo)思想背道而弛。

二 語(yǔ)法知識(shí)易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)

本部分共85條，對(duì)中國(guó)學(xué)生在英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法方面容易產(chǎn)生錯(cuò)誤或混淆的地方作了有針對(duì)性的提

示，而不是系統(tǒng)地講解語(yǔ)法知識(shí)，這對(duì)學(xué)生抓住要點(diǎn)重點(diǎn)是有幫助的。

1.名詞變復(fù)數(shù)的特殊形式

child---children, foot---feet, man---men, mouse---mice,stomach---stomachs, tooth---teeth, woman---women, sheep---sheep,deer---deer, Chinese---Chinese, a man doctor---men doctors,a woman doctor---women doctors, looker-on---lookers-on,grown-up---grown-ups

誤：There are many woman teachers in my school.正：There are many women teachers in my school.2.常考不可數(shù)名詞

advice, baggage, equipment, information, luggage, furniture, fun, weather, knowledge, jewelry, progress

誤：What a fine weather it is!

正：What fine weather it is!

3.可數(shù)不可數(shù)均可，但意思不同

experience 經(jīng)歷（可數(shù)）；經(jīng)驗(yàn)（不可數(shù)）

room 房間（可數(shù)）；空間（不可數(shù)）

exercise 練習(xí)（可數(shù)）；鍛煉、運(yùn)動(dòng)（不可數(shù)）

誤：Visiting the Great Wall is unforgettable experience to me.正：Visiting the Great Wall is an unforgettable experience to me.4.只能修飾可數(shù)名詞的有：

few, a few, many, a great/good many, a large number of…

誤：There is a large number of water in the hole.正：There is a great deal of water in the hole.5.只能修飾不可數(shù)名詞的有：

little, a little, much, a large amount of, a great/good deal of…

誤：There are a great deal of people living there.正：There are a good many people living there.6.可數(shù)不可數(shù)都可修飾的有：

a lot of, lots of, plenty of, a large quantity of, large quantities of, 如：

There are plenty of trees along the river.There is a large quantity of snow on the top of the mountain.7.只有復(fù)數(shù)形式的名詞有：

trousers, clothes, socks, shorts, goods, thanks, congratulations, belongings…

誤：A pair of trousers are hanging over there.正：A pair of trousers is hanging over there.8.復(fù)數(shù)形式，單數(shù)意思的有：

plastics, news, politics, physics, mathematics…

誤：The news are exciting.正：The news is exciting.9.復(fù)合名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。

girl friends, boy students, women teachers, men workers, passers-by, go-betweens, grown-ups

誤：There're many boys students in my class.正：There're many boy students in my class.10.名詞做主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)

police, cattle, clothes, goods

誤：Cattle sells well at that market.正：Cattle sell well at that market.11.幾個(gè)應(yīng)該特殊注意的名詞。

people(民族，人);village(村莊，村民)；man(男人，人類)，youth(年輕人，青年男子，青春)

誤：The Chinese are peace-loving people.正：The Chinese are a peace-loving people.12.名詞所有格

1)形式 's, of Tom's living room, teachers' office, teachers' room, a friend of mine, John and Mary's school, John's and Mary's schools

2)'s適用范圍

有生命的物體、時(shí)間、距離、國(guó)家、城市、機(jī)構(gòu)等

誤：This is the mountain's picture.正：This is a picture of the mountain.誤：John and Mary's schools are beautiful.正：John's and Mary's schools are beautiful.3)不能被's所替換的所有格形式：

the city of Beijing, at the age of 20, the experience of the old, the struggle of the poor…

13.必須加the的有以下幾種情況。

1)特指某（些）人或某（些）物；

I have a pen.The pen is lost.2)談話雙方所共知的共指的物體；

Look at the blackboard.3)序數(shù)詞，形容詞最高級(jí)前；

She is the best student in my class.4)世界上獨(dú)一無(wú)二的物體；

The earth moves around the sun.5)表方位的名詞前；

The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.6)形容詞前表一類人；

The rich are not always happy.7)樂(lè)器

He is playing the piano now.8)山脈、河流、海洋、群島；

China is on the east of the Pacific Ocean.9)same, only, very前；

It's the very book I'm looking for.10)by the +計(jì)量單位；by the dozen, by the day, by the pound

The workers are paid by the hour.誤：Birds fly to south in winter.正：Birds fly to the south in winter.Birds fly south in winter.14.不用冠詞的情況有以下幾種。

1)表泛指的名詞前；如：Do you like music?

2)三餐前；如：have breakfast, lunch, supper, dinner…

3)棋類、球類運(yùn)動(dòng)前；

Almost all the boys in my class love playing football.4)表官銜、職位的名詞前；

He was made monitor of the class.5)Child as he is中的child名詞前。

Student as he is, he never obeys the teacher.

第四篇：高三英語(yǔ)學(xué)法指導(dǎo)與語(yǔ)法難點(diǎn)(二)

北京四中網(wǎng)?！尭嗟暮⒆拥玫礁玫慕逃?/p>

北 京 四 中

高三英語(yǔ)學(xué)法指導(dǎo)與語(yǔ)法難點(diǎn)

（二）撰 稿：李俊和編 審：畢 勤責(zé) 編：隋 瑜

一 關(guān)于英語(yǔ)總復(fù)習(xí)的幾點(diǎn)建議

（一）學(xué)會(huì)自主學(xué)習(xí)

所謂自主學(xué)習(xí)，就是學(xué)生具有學(xué)好英語(yǔ)的欲望，在老師的指導(dǎo)下能自己確定目標(biāo)，自己安排進(jìn)程，自己設(shè)計(jì)活動(dòng)，自己尋找材料，自己監(jiān)督自己，自己總結(jié)經(jīng)驗(yàn)。課上課下聽(tīng)老師的話是對(duì)的，但要有主動(dòng)性，作學(xué)習(xí)的主人。

堅(jiān)持實(shí)踐第一，以使用英語(yǔ)為主。簡(jiǎn)明扼要地對(duì)學(xué)過(guò)的知識(shí)進(jìn)行歸納總結(jié)是必要的，但決不能用很多的時(shí)間去鉆研語(yǔ)法規(guī)則。應(yīng)該把大部分時(shí)間用在閱讀、寫(xiě)作和聽(tīng)力的練習(xí)上，即應(yīng)用語(yǔ)言上，尤其要加大和突出閱讀的訓(xùn)練。使用英語(yǔ)的能力是在使用英語(yǔ)的實(shí)踐中產(chǎn)生和提高的，并不是靠老師給講會(huì)的。English is best learnt when always used in meaningful communication.學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)要堅(jiān)持模仿為主，理論分析為輔，不要過(guò)分鉆研為什么。有的同學(xué)在學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)時(shí)，采取“君子動(dòng)口不動(dòng)手”的態(tài)度，一味在那里琢磨理論，而不是抓緊時(shí)間動(dòng)手寫(xiě)寫(xiě)，找出文章趕緊看看或打開(kāi)錄音機(jī)聽(tīng)聽(tīng)。這樣的同學(xué)最終使用英語(yǔ)的能力不會(huì)有大的提高。

（二）抓好基礎(chǔ)題

無(wú)論什么考試，基礎(chǔ)的東西都是最重要的。英語(yǔ)高考也不例外?？忌鷳?yīng)努力做到保證拿到基礎(chǔ)題的分，力爭(zhēng)難題的分。在復(fù)習(xí)中，一定要結(jié)合實(shí)際情況安排練習(xí)的難度。如果水平不是很高，就一定要以練習(xí)基礎(chǔ)題為主，不要嫌容易，不要跟別人攀比。要把基礎(chǔ)詞匯、基本句型弄扎實(shí)，要做到懂、會(huì)、熟。越臨近高考越要降低難度。有人以為做多難的練習(xí)就能達(dá)到多高的水平，其實(shí)并不是這樣，這也取決于原來(lái)的基礎(chǔ)。

（三）把《考試大綱》上的詞匯表掌握好。

詞匯表是高考命題的基礎(chǔ)，是應(yīng)該重點(diǎn)掌握的詞匯。詞匯表上的許多名詞可歸類為閱讀詞匯，這類詞知道意思，會(huì)拼寫(xiě)即可。但動(dòng)詞、介詞、連詞及其他常用名詞等則必須做到四會(huì)。學(xué)習(xí)詞匯表不要照搬詞典，詞典的解釋太繁雜了，高考用不上。

（四）重視總結(jié)做題規(guī)律和擴(kuò)大知識(shí)面。

背誦短文，例句，甚至例題好處甚多。天天練，最終會(huì)見(jiàn)成效，但不要渴望迅速成功，因?yàn)檎Z(yǔ)言的提高是慢工夫。停一天等于前三天白練。只有那些堅(jiān)持不懈，埋頭苦干，永不退縮的人才有希望到達(dá)光輝的頂點(diǎn)。

二 語(yǔ)法知識(shí)易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)

1.it, that, one, the one, the ones, those

My pen was lost.I cannot find it.（同一物體）

My pen was lost.I have to buy a new one.（同類不同一）

The population of Shanghai is much larger than that of Tianjin.（不可數(shù)名詞）This pen is not the one I lost yesterday.（特指）

The pens are not the ones I lost yesterday.The pens are not those I lost yesterday.誤句：The weather in Beijing is much colder than the one in Shanghai.正句：The weather in Beijing is much colder than that in Shanghai.2.each, either, both, neither, every, all

Trees are planted on either/each side of the street.Trees are planted on both sides of the street.Trees are planted on every/each side of the square.Trees are planted on neither side of the street.Trees are planted on all sides of the square.誤句：You can tie the horse to every of the two trees.正句：You can tie the horse to either of the two trees.3.any, either

I have three books and you can choose any one.I have two books and you can choose either one.誤句：---When would you like to come over to my house, Saturday or Sunday?---Any day is OK with me.正句：---When would you like to come over to my house, Saturday or Sunday?---Either day is OK with me.3.another, the other, the others, others

Another student came in.I have two brothers.One is a teacher.The other is a doctor.Suppose there are 50 students.Some students(20)are playing football on the playground.Others(20)are doing their homework in the classroom.The other students(30)are playing football on the playground.The others(30)are playing football on the playground.4.none, nothing, nobody, neither

1)---How many students are there in the classroom?

---None.2)---How much money do you have?

---None.3)---Is there anybody in the classroom?

---Nobody.4)---Is there anything in the room?

---Nothing.5)---Would you please lend me some ink?

---Sorry, but I have none left myself.6)I want neither of the two books.I want none of the three books.誤句：---What do you want?

---None.正句：

1)---What do you want?

---Nothing.2)---Of the three things, which do you want?

---None.5.反身代詞應(yīng)注意以下幾點(diǎn)。

1)I myself think…

2)Help yourself!請(qǐng)隨便吃吧

3)Make yourself at home!別客氣

4)Don't upset yourself.別自尋煩惱

5)make oneself heard/ understood

I couldn't make myself heard above the noise.聲音被淹沒(méi)了。

6)between ourselves, do you think 私下里說(shuō)

7)In itself, his illness is nothing to worry about.就疾病本身而言，沒(méi)什么可擔(dān)心的。

8)He is not quite himself today.他感到不舒服

9)by oneself = alone, without help 單干、無(wú)人幫忙

10)for oneself 為……

You have the right to decide for yourself.11)of oneself 自動(dòng)地

The light went out of itself.6.代詞的其他注意事項(xiàng)：

1)this, that

My plan is like this: first…second…third…

He was ill.That's why he didn't come.2)much, many

3)some, any

4)it可以指代分不清性別的小孩

Is it a boy or a girl?

5)she, he也可以用于月亮、太陽(yáng)、輪船或動(dòng)物擬人化。

China is our motherland and she is the most beautiful country in the world in my opinion.6)you, he and I, you and I, ladies and gentlemen

7.數(shù)詞

1)大于某數(shù) more than 20 years, over thirty, above twenty degrees

2)小于 less than ten days, fewer than 50 people, children under 7

3)至少 at least 10 dollars, no less than 100 people

4)大約 about three days, around 2 o'clock, two miles or so

5)至多 not more than 5 rooms, at most ten days

6)僅有 no more than 1 year, only 2 years

7)倍數(shù) This ruler is twice/three times longer than that one.This ruler is twice/three times as long as that one.This ruler is twice/three times the length of that one.誤：This box is as three times heavier as that one.正：This box is three times as heavy as that one.8.數(shù)字+形容詞+名詞

It's a five-foot-deep hole.The hole is five feet deep.It's a hole five feet deep.誤句：It's a three-meters-long table.正句：It's a three-meter-long table.9.形容詞，副詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)

busy---busier---busiest

hot---hotter---hottest

important---more important---most important

good---better---best

many/much---more---most

bad/ill---worse---worst

old---older/elder---oldest/eldest

little---less---least

far---farther/further---farthest/furthest

badly---worse---worst

well---better---best

10.形容詞需要注意以下幾點(diǎn)：

1)只能做定語(yǔ)的形容詞有：live, main, chief;

My main purpose is to help you here.2)只能做表語(yǔ)的形容詞有：alone, alike, awake, asleep, lit, content

He is alone, but he doesn't feel lonely.3)多個(gè)形容詞修飾名詞的順序依次是：冠詞（所有格；指示詞；數(shù)詞）；品 質(zhì)；大小長(zhǎng)短；新舊；形狀式樣；顏色；產(chǎn)地；材料；用途；例如：

a beautiful little old round red Chinese wooden public reading room

4)能修飾形容詞比較級(jí)的有：much, rather, even , still, far, any, no, a little, a bit, a lot, a great deal, yet等；

I'm much better now.I'm a great deal better now.5)能修飾形容詞最高級(jí)的有：by far, very, much。

He is by far the best student in my class.

第五篇：高三英語(yǔ)學(xué)法指導(dǎo)

高三英語(yǔ)學(xué)法指導(dǎo)

高三備課組組長(zhǎng)：韋春媛

一、基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)部分

1、養(yǎng)成詞不離句的好習(xí)慣。學(xué)習(xí)一詞多義（或詞的用法或詞義辯析）一定要重視例句，把體現(xiàn)該詞用法的例句反復(fù)讀背，和以前見(jiàn)過(guò)的例句進(jìn)行分析對(duì)比，不斷揣摩它的用法，領(lǐng)悟它在不同句子中的含義，爭(zhēng)取對(duì)該詞的各種意義和用法都有一個(gè)清晰的了解。

2、建立自己的錯(cuò)題庫(kù)。把平時(shí)出現(xiàn)的錯(cuò)題一一記錄下來(lái)（分類最好），記下正誤答案和出錯(cuò)原因，不斷翻看，或利用早自習(xí)時(shí)間大聲地朗讀正確的句子。這樣既能熟悉句子結(jié)構(gòu)，也能培養(yǎng)語(yǔ)感。記錄錯(cuò)題一定要堅(jiān)持。隨時(shí)剔除已掌握的，對(duì)還未掌握的題進(jìn)行重點(diǎn)標(biāo)記，這樣你的知識(shí)網(wǎng)絡(luò)就越來(lái)越密；考前翻看錯(cuò)題本，你就不會(huì)再心中沒(méi)底。

3、對(duì)于詞匯的記憶，要利用零散的時(shí)間，如課前課后5分鐘，或去食堂、操場(chǎng)的路上，或?qū)懺诩垪l上手上，各個(gè)擊破。零碎的時(shí)間猶如散落到地上的金子，誰(shuí)隨手撿起誰(shuí)最終就會(huì)成為一個(gè)大富翁。

4、勤翻詞典，注意熟詞生義。要養(yǎng)成隨時(shí)查閱詞典的習(xí)慣，這不僅可以讓你對(duì)某一個(gè)詞有透徹的了解，而且無(wú)形中也會(huì)擴(kuò)大你的詞匯量。

5、多讀多背課文。教材中的課文都是精心挑選和修改的英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言的精華，是非常規(guī)范的英語(yǔ)。每學(xué)完一篇課文，將文章中體現(xiàn)一定結(jié)構(gòu)和用法的句子以及文中新出現(xiàn)的詞組及搭配劃出，在理解全文的基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行背誦；高三時(shí)間比較緊張，全文背誦來(lái)不及，就重點(diǎn)對(duì)劃

線的句子進(jìn)行背誦；而且，還要注意消化吸收，在平時(shí)做閱讀及寫(xiě)作時(shí)有意識(shí)地運(yùn)用，讓它變成自己的東西。多讀多背也是培養(yǎng)語(yǔ)感的途徑之一。

二、建立語(yǔ)法體系

有些老師和學(xué)生認(rèn)為英語(yǔ)傾向于實(shí)用、交際，所以語(yǔ)法不重要。其實(shí)不然，語(yǔ)法和其他內(nèi)容的學(xué)習(xí)是相輔相成的。語(yǔ)法是從語(yǔ)言中總結(jié)提練出的規(guī)律，按規(guī)律去進(jìn)行語(yǔ)言實(shí)踐會(huì)有所遵循，事半功倍。但學(xué)習(xí)語(yǔ)法不能靠死記硬背，記一些規(guī)律是必要的，但更重要的是理解，只有理解了方能正確靈活運(yùn)用。如時(shí)態(tài)問(wèn)題，一定要放在具體的語(yǔ)境中討論才有實(shí)際意義。另外，學(xué)習(xí)語(yǔ)法不要摳得太死，有些習(xí)慣表達(dá)是不能用語(yǔ)法來(lái)套的。

三、閱讀方面

1、擴(kuò)大閱讀范圍，增大閱讀量。大力提倡泛讀；同時(shí)，從今年的高考試題看，考生的閱讀范圍越廣泛，知識(shí)涉獵面越寬，背景知識(shí)和生活閱歷越豐富，閱讀就越顯容易；在擴(kuò)大閱讀的同時(shí)要適當(dāng)積累詞匯，對(duì)常見(jiàn)詞、熱門(mén)詞等都要記錄下來(lái)，查閱字典并隨時(shí)記憶。

2、進(jìn)一步提高閱讀速度。理解和速度密不可分，閱讀速度制約著閱讀能力的提高。因此，課下一定要進(jìn)行限時(shí)閱讀，爭(zhēng)取課下的閱讀狀態(tài)接近于考場(chǎng)狀態(tài)；每天都堅(jiān)持讀3篇左右。

3、熟悉各種體裁，不拘泥于手中的閱讀資料，留心習(xí)語(yǔ)和俚語(yǔ)。有的學(xué)生一見(jiàn)到科普文章便頭疼，一見(jiàn)到新體裁就心慌。所以，平時(shí)一定要走出成題，走入各種報(bào)刊、雜志等英語(yǔ)讀物。除了領(lǐng)略內(nèi)容，熟悉語(yǔ)言特點(diǎn)，還要對(duì)新體裁有一定的了解。如要看各種廣告信息、通告、藥品說(shuō)明、圖示甚至發(fā)票等，做到心中有數(shù)。此外，讀一些雜志如讀者中的精品翻譯文章，也會(huì)大有裨益的。

4、力爭(zhēng)通過(guò)最新的媒介閱讀更多的原汁原味的文章。利用網(wǎng)絡(luò)資源或經(jīng)外國(guó)朋友推薦，爭(zhēng)取閱讀原文；也可以閱讀外國(guó)學(xué)生寫(xiě)的短文，以此熟悉他們的寫(xiě)作風(fēng)格和寫(xiě)作手法、語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用，思維方式，體會(huì)與中文寫(xiě)作的不同。

四、寫(xiě)作

1、厚積累：積累詞匯、短語(yǔ)、各種句式、常用連接詞、過(guò)渡語(yǔ)、各種文體的格式、習(xí)慣語(yǔ)等；

2、常背誦：背誦名言、佳句、范文；

3、勤練習(xí)：經(jīng)常動(dòng)筆，把平時(shí)的所學(xué)和積累有意識(shí)地運(yùn)用到文章中；無(wú)論老師布置與否，每周至少寫(xiě)一篇，然后與參考答案對(duì)比，找出欠缺之處；

4、講方法：審題在先，然后在草稿紙上將要點(diǎn)及主要句式列出；連成句子；修改潤(rùn)色，注意上下文銜接，注意句子結(jié)構(gòu)；

5、重書(shū)寫(xiě)：03年開(kāi)始實(shí)行網(wǎng)上閱卷，更提高了尋書(shū)寫(xiě)的要求，字一定要飽滿圓潤(rùn)，大小適中，不要連筆。

五、聽(tīng)力部分

1、高考題型聽(tīng)力訓(xùn)練與泛聽(tīng)相結(jié)合。

2、注重聽(tīng)力解題技巧。聽(tīng)前掠讀題干與選項(xiàng)，預(yù)測(cè)聽(tīng)力內(nèi)容，分析對(duì)比各個(gè)選項(xiàng)的不同之處，集中精力抓主要信息；對(duì)較長(zhǎng)的對(duì)話或獨(dú)白要隨手用數(shù)字符號(hào)或單詞開(kāi)頭字母記錄信息，以加深印象，有助于判斷。

3、保持良好的心態(tài)，克服緊張情緒。

4、每天堅(jiān)持聽(tīng)20-30分鐘。

閱讀表達(dá)應(yīng)試方法和技巧：

1主旨概括題（給出標(biāo)題）：要求準(zhǔn)確理解文章大意、細(xì)節(jié)，把握作者的觀點(diǎn)、態(tài)度、意圖和語(yǔ)氣等，提煉歸納出文章的內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)。然后，把文章的內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)進(jìn)行濃縮和提煉，結(jié)合試題的要求作答：語(yǔ)言精辟、簡(jiǎn)練。答案能概括出文章大意或作者的寫(xiě)作意圖，符合標(biāo)題的一般要求，從小處著眼，找中心句，歸納文章的大意。注意：標(biāo)題中的實(shí)詞部分原則上必須大寫(xiě)，至少文章標(biāo)題的第一個(gè)字母必須大寫(xiě)。一般不用文中的原句、動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)或句子來(lái)做標(biāo)題。完成句子題：要求結(jié)合上下文，根據(jù)文章的邏輯關(guān)系和意義關(guān)系，正確把握文章脈絡(luò)、線索和情節(jié)發(fā)展，對(duì)作者的寫(xiě)作意圖進(jìn)行正確的判斷，結(jié)合自己對(duì)英語(yǔ)的運(yùn)用能力來(lái)填寫(xiě)。注意：首先必須把握文章所要填寫(xiě)的部分是單詞，短語(yǔ)還是句子。無(wú)論填入的是什么，一定要符合語(yǔ)法規(guī)范，這是最起碼的要求。封閉性題目（開(kāi)放性題目）：封閉性題目要求從文章中找出具體的細(xì)節(jié)內(nèi)容，根據(jù)題目要求，加以分析判斷，從文章的細(xì)節(jié)，作者的意圖，文章的脈絡(luò)中，運(yùn)用自己的語(yǔ)言，得出相應(yīng)的結(jié)論。

開(kāi)放性題目要求在整體理解，把握文章內(nèi)容的基礎(chǔ)上結(jié)合作者的觀點(diǎn)，寫(xiě)出自己的看法。

這類題目要求考生首先做出回答或者給出論點(diǎn)，然后再加以論證，論據(jù)要充分論證自己的觀點(diǎn)，論證要有力度和緊密符合自己的中心論點(diǎn)。注意：一定要避免出現(xiàn)一些低級(jí)的錯(cuò)誤，如語(yǔ)法和單詞的錯(cuò)誤。

總之，近幾年的高考英語(yǔ)試題，形成了以閱讀為框架的試卷格局，體現(xiàn)了高中英語(yǔ)中閱讀的主旋律。閱讀表達(dá)題是閱讀的延伸和繼續(xù)，是較高層面上的閱讀理解。為此，我們?cè)谄綍r(shí)的訓(xùn)練中要始終堅(jiān)持以閱讀為主線，抓閱讀不動(dòng)搖，在訓(xùn)練中要不斷總結(jié)和體會(huì)做題的方法和技巧，我們才能在高考中立于不敗之地。