第一篇：2014高三英語(yǔ)一輪語(yǔ)法練習(xí)(6)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)范文

（6）動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)

1．(2012·唐山質(zhì)檢)—What's that terrible noise,David?

—Oh,I forgot to tell you.The new machines in the nearby plant________.A．were testedB．will be tested

C．a(chǎn)re being testedD．have been tested

2．(2012·煙臺(tái)檢測(cè))The attackers were arrested and didn't know where they________.A．would takeB．a(chǎn)re taken

C．were being takenD．will be taken

3．(2012·南京調(diào)研)People begin to know that most environmental problems exist because necessary measures for preventing them________ taken in the past.A．a(chǎn)re notB．were not

C．hadn't beenD．wouldn't be

4．(2012·淮陽(yáng)檢測(cè))—Monitor?

—I'm not monitor of our class.I________ with the teacher until the monitor is elected.A．will just helpB．a(chǎn)m just to help

C．a(chǎn)m just helpingD．have just helped

5．(2012·南京檢測(cè))—I hear you________ at Smith's.—Yes,I________ there for about three months.A．work;had been working

B．worked;was working

C．a(chǎn)re working;have been working

D．worked;have worked

6．(2012·徐州調(diào)研)—Why didn't you come to the cinema with us last Saturday?

—Oh,sorry.But I________ the film.A．seeB．saw

C．have seenD．had seen

7．A big step ________ to strengthen China health care systems since we launched an effort in 2008.A．has been takenB．is being taken

C．was takenD．had been taken

8．(2012·汕頭模擬)I have been on diet for months and next time you see me,I ________ five pounds.A．will have lostB．will lose

C．have lostD．a(chǎn)m losing

9．(2012·啟東模擬)—Are you going to further your studies after graduation?

—Well,I________ yet.I might make some other choices.A．didn't decideB．haven't decided

C．don't decideD．hadn't decided

10．(2012·信陽(yáng)質(zhì)檢)Mary,I should tell you it is the third time that you________ your homework.A．forgot to doB．forgot doingC．have forgotten to doD．had forgotten doing

11．—We thought he would have won the game.—What a pity！He ________ too nervous when playing.A．had beenB．has been

C．wasD．would have been

12．(2012·長(zhǎng)春質(zhì)檢)—When did you move to Sanya?

—In 2008.But I________ in Tibet for 8 years.A．has workedB．has been worked

C．have been workingD．worked

13．—Can you give some advice on what I said just now?

—Sorry.My mind ________.A．is wanderingB．was wandering

C．has wanderedD．has wandered

14．(2012·荊門(mén)二模)—Look！What a mistake！Why?

—Sorry,I________ on it.A．don't concentrate

B．hadn't concentrated

C．haven't been concentrating

D．wasn't concentrating

15．(2012·大連二模)After moving for a while, the driver realized that he ________ in the wrong direction.A．is drivingB．was driving

C．droveD．would drive

16．(2012·南京調(diào)研)—Jim, can you get in touch with Peter?

—I'm sorry, but I ________ his telephone number.A．don't knowB．didn't know

C．haven't knowD．won't know

17．—That must have been a challenging examination.—Yes.It ________ me half a year to get ready for it.A．takesB．took

C．has takenD．was taking

18．(2012·漳州模擬)—Mike left the airport two minutes ago.—Oh, can you tell me when he ________ home?

A．getsB．will get

C．gotD．has got

19．(2012·淮陽(yáng)月考)With the sharp drop of the share prices all around the world, some economists predicted that the second economic crisis ________ soon.A．cameB．has come

C．would comeD．had come

20．(2012·深圳調(diào)研)The famous writer ________ in a coal mine for 15 years.When he was 36, a person was to change his life.A．has workedB．had worked

C．workedD．works解析：考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)問(wèn)句中的What's that terrible noise 可知,這里應(yīng)該用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài),噪音是機(jī)器正在被檢測(cè)時(shí)發(fā)出的,所以用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。

答案：C解析：句意為：襲擊者被捕了,他們不知道正被帶往何處。根據(jù)didn't know 可知,空格處也應(yīng)該用過(guò)去的某種時(shí)態(tài),所以B、D不正確;根據(jù)句意可知此處用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),故選C。

答案：C解析：句意為：人們開(kāi)始了解到由于在過(guò)去沒(méi)有采取必要的預(yù)防措施從而造成了大多數(shù)的環(huán)境問(wèn)題。in the past暗示出用過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài);hadn't been 指在一個(gè)過(guò)去的動(dòng)作或時(shí)間之前發(fā)生的事情;wouldn't be 表過(guò)去將來(lái),故B項(xiàng)正確。

答案：B解析：考查時(shí)態(tài)。下句意為：我只是在幫助老師,直到選出班長(zhǎng)為止。根據(jù)上下句語(yǔ)意可知,此處用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí),表示答話(huà)者當(dāng)時(shí)所處的狀態(tài)。

答案：C解析：本題考查時(shí)態(tài)。聽(tīng)說(shuō)你正在Smith's 上班,因此應(yīng)該使用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài);我在那里已經(jīng)工作大約三個(gè)月了(可能還會(huì)持續(xù)下去),因此需要使用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。

答案：C解析：考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。由語(yǔ)意可知,這個(gè)電影在上周六(last Saturday)之前就已經(jīng)看過(guò)了,也就是說(shuō)動(dòng)作發(fā)生在“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”,因此應(yīng)該用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。

答案：D解析：考查時(shí)態(tài)。since(自從)所在的從句用了一般過(guò)去時(shí),主句一般用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。

答案：A解析：本題考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意為：我已經(jīng)減肥好幾個(gè)月了,等下次再見(jiàn)我時(shí),我就會(huì)輕五磅。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境知句子要用將來(lái)完成時(shí),故A項(xiàng)正確。

答案：A解析：本題考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。從答語(yǔ)：也許還有別的打算可知,目前還沒(méi)有做出決定,故用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。答案：B解析：考查時(shí)態(tài)和非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞?！癐t is(was)the＋序數(shù)詞＋time＋that從句”,表示“是某人第幾次做某事”,在此句型中,若前面為it is,則that 從句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),若前面為it was,則that 從句用過(guò)去完成時(shí);而forget to do sth.表示忘了應(yīng)去做某事,forget doing sth.表示忘了已做過(guò)某事。根據(jù)語(yǔ)意可知此題應(yīng)選C。

答案：C解析：考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意為：他當(dāng)時(shí)太緊張了。答語(yǔ)是對(duì)過(guò)去事實(shí)的陳述,用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。答案：C解析：考查時(shí)態(tài)。由題干可知答話(huà)人在2008年搬到三亞之前曾在西藏工作過(guò)8年,敘述的是過(guò)去的事實(shí),故應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。

答案：D解析：考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。從語(yǔ)境可知“剛才你說(shuō)話(huà)的時(shí)候,我走神了”,此處強(qiáng)調(diào)“過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)刻正在進(jìn)行”的狀態(tài),所以用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí),答案選B項(xiàng)。

答案：B解析：考查時(shí)態(tài)。此處表示的是在說(shuō)話(huà)之前的那段時(shí)間內(nèi)沒(méi)有專(zhuān)心,因此用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。

答案：D解析：考查時(shí)態(tài)。用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)表示過(guò)去某段時(shí)間正在發(fā)生的事情。司機(jī)意識(shí)到他正開(kāi)往錯(cuò)誤的方向。

答案：B解析：考查時(shí)態(tài)。此處強(qiáng)調(diào)目前的狀況,故用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。

答案：A解析：考查時(shí)態(tài)。句中的must have been表示的是對(duì)過(guò)去情況的肯定推測(cè),可推斷考試發(fā)生在過(guò)去,故用一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)。

答案：B解析：考查時(shí)態(tài)。when引導(dǎo)一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句,根據(jù)語(yǔ)意可知此處講的是將來(lái)的事情,故用一般將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)。

答案：B解析：考查時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)soon可知此處用將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài),本句的主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài),故此處應(yīng)用過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)。

答案：C解析：考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)語(yǔ)意可以判斷此處描述的是過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情,故用一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)。此處不強(qiáng)調(diào)一個(gè)動(dòng)作對(duì)另一個(gè)動(dòng)作的影響或動(dòng)作的先后順序,不用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。

答案：C

第二篇：2014高三英語(yǔ)一輪語(yǔ)法練習(xí)動(dòng)詞和動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)

（5）動(dòng)詞和動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)

1．(2012·徐州模擬)The headmaster will________ a speech to the visiting foreign guests this afternoon.A．deliverB．a(chǎn)ddress

C．a(chǎn)nnounceD．declare

2．—I think I should wear a dress instead of this jeans.—It's just a small informal party,so you don't have to________.A．warm upB．put up

C．dress upD．keep up

3．(2012·煙臺(tái)月考)If you keep practising your son in football,he ________ to make a famous player.A．wantsB．hopes

C．promisesD．wishes

4．(2011·煙臺(tái)模擬)Newly－developed materials for spaceships can________ extreme weather conditions.A．holdB．support

C．standD．compete

5．(2012·汕頭期中)Everyone in the village hoped that he would________ after a few days' treatment.A．pick upB．come up

C．keep upD．make up

6．(2012·焦作期中)He didn't ________ what I said because his mind was on something else.A．hold onB．hang on

C．take inD．get over

7．(2012·蚌埠模擬)Stella was disappointed to find her new plan________ and fell into great depression.A．put awayB．carried out

C．turned downD．left out

8．(2012·日照模擬)What the young man can't________ is that his mum always treats him like a baby.A．supportB．undertake

C．holdD．bear

9．(2012·長(zhǎng)春質(zhì)檢)Internet shopping is really________ when people are sure of its safety.A．taking offB．taking up

C．setting offD．setting up

10．(2012·大連二模)The girl nodded with a smile as if she had ________ his mind.A．readB．found

C．watchedD．noticed

11．She is working hard all day long,which will surely________ her success in her future work.A．result fromB．contribute to

C．benefit fromD．stick to

12．(2012·宿州二模)Thanks to the success of the business,we can________ a flat this year.A．makeB．devote

C．removeD．a(chǎn)fford

13．I didn't like the soap opera at first,but when I started watching one,I immediately became ________ it.A．a(chǎn)ccustomed toB．a(chǎn)ddicted to

C．opposed toD．a(chǎn)llergic to

14．(2012·重慶調(diào)研)—Have you been________ ?

—Yeah.As a matter of fact,I've been going to the gym for half a year now.A．carrying outB．turning out

C．making outD．working out

15．(2011·南京模擬)The idea of travelling abroad really________ a lot of Chinese people.That's why every year witnesses more people applying for passports.A．takes toB．caters to

C．a(chǎn)ttends toD．a(chǎn)ppeals to

16．A recent survey showed that 85 percent of those ________ said their salary increases were less than the country's average annual growth rate.A．a(chǎn)pproachedB．a(chǎn)ppreciatedC．interviewedD．examined

17．(2012·南通調(diào)研)I admire her very much in that she successfully ________ her career and family life.A．a(chǎn)cceptsB．receives

C．combinesD．collects

18．(2012·長(zhǎng)沙月考)While many Chinese students say that their knowedge of English grammar is good, most would ________ that their spoken English is poor.A．a(chǎn)cknowledgeB．a(chǎn)djust

C．disagreeD．present

19．(2012·德州二模)The Dtrain accident has once again ________ our awareness that safety should always come first in the process of development.A．raisedB．spotted

C．claimedD．placed

20．(2012·泰州模擬)While people ________ the towering beauty of Stonehenge, they've kept wondering about how and why it was built.A．a(chǎn)cquireB．examine

C．a(chǎn)dmireD．a(chǎn)void解析：句意：今天下午校長(zhǎng)將要對(duì)來(lái)訪(fǎng)的外賓發(fā)表講話(huà)。deliver 發(fā)表;deliver a speech 發(fā)表演講;address sb.對(duì)某人講話(huà),對(duì)某人發(fā)表演說(shuō);announce 宣布,通告;declare 宣告,聲明。

答案：A解析：句意為：——我覺(jué)得我應(yīng)該穿禮服不能穿牛仔服?！@只是一個(gè)不太正式的小聚會(huì),因此,你不必刻意打扮。dress up 穿上特殊服裝,喬裝,化妝。

答案：C解析：句意為：如果你堅(jiān)持對(duì)你兒子進(jìn)行足球訓(xùn)練,他有希望成為一個(gè)著名的球員。promise 有前途,有......的可能。

答案：C解析：句意為：新研發(fā)的航空材料能經(jīng)受極端天氣條件的考驗(yàn)。stand 抵抗,抵御,經(jīng)受,符合語(yǔ)境。答案：C解析：句意為：村里的每一個(gè)人都希望他能在幾天的治療后康復(fù)。pick up 好轉(zhuǎn),恢復(fù);come up 走上前來(lái),發(fā)芽,發(fā)生;keep up 保持;make up 編造,彌補(bǔ),化裝,構(gòu)成。

答案：A解析：句意為：他沒(méi)有理解我說(shuō)的話(huà),因?yàn)樗麆偛畔雱e的呢。take in理解,領(lǐng)會(huì);hold on 不掛斷;hang on 堅(jiān)持,不掛斷,靠著,渴望;get over 爬過(guò),克服,熬過(guò),恢復(fù)。

答案：C解析：考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意為：Stella 看到她的計(jì)劃被拒絕非常失望,難以振作。put away 收起來(lái),放好;carry out 完成;turn down 拒絕;leave out 漏掉,忽略。

答案：C解析：考查動(dòng)詞辨析。bear 此處表示“忍受”;support 表示“支持”;undertake 表示“從事”;hold 則表示“容納”。根據(jù)語(yǔ)意“那個(gè)年輕人無(wú)法容忍的是......”,選D項(xiàng)。

答案：D解析：考查動(dòng)詞詞組辨析。句意為：當(dāng)人們確認(rèn)了它的安全性之后,網(wǎng)絡(luò)購(gòu)物真的迅速流行起來(lái)。take off 表示“迅速流行”;take up 表示“從事,占據(jù)”;set off 表示“出發(fā)”;set up 表示“建造,建立”。根據(jù)語(yǔ)意選A項(xiàng)。

答案：A解析：考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。read one's mind 是固定搭配,表示“讀懂某人的心思”。

答案：A解析：考查動(dòng)詞詞組辨析。語(yǔ)意表示“她整天努力工作,這肯定會(huì)有助于她未來(lái)工作的成功”。這里contribute to 表示“導(dǎo)致,有助于”;result from 表示“因......發(fā)生”;benefit from表示“從......中獲益”;stick to 則表示“堅(jiān)持”。根據(jù)句意,選B項(xiàng)。

答案：B解析：考查動(dòng)詞辨析。句意為：由于生意很好,今年我們能買(mǎi)得起房子了。afford 買(mǎi)得起,負(fù)擔(dān)得起。

答案：D解析：考查動(dòng)詞詞組辨析。句意為：我起初不喜歡肥皂劇,但看了一個(gè)后我馬上就上癮了。這里用become addicted to 表示“對(duì)......上癮/入迷”;become accustomed to 表示“習(xí)慣于......”;become opposed to 表

示“反對(duì)......”;become allergic to 則表示“對(duì)......過(guò)敏”。根據(jù)語(yǔ)意選B項(xiàng)。

答案：B解析：考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。——你一直健身嗎?——是的,事實(shí)上,我去健身房已有半年了。work out 有“(定期)鍛煉,健身”的意思,符合題意。make out 應(yīng)付,過(guò);carry out 實(shí)施,執(zhí)行;turn out 出席,在場(chǎng)。

答案：D解析：本題考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。根據(jù)題中的后一句可知,出國(guó)旅游吸引了很多中國(guó)人,因此選擇appeal to(吸引)。cater to迎合,滿(mǎn)足某人的要求;attend to 照看,處理;take to 開(kāi)始喜歡。

答案：D解析：考查動(dòng)詞辨析。與前面的survey(調(diào)查)呼應(yīng),本空選C表示“采訪(fǎng)”;最近一項(xiàng)調(diào)查顯示,接受采訪(fǎng)的人中,85%都說(shuō)他們的工資增長(zhǎng)趕不上全國(guó)平均增長(zhǎng)速度。

答案：C解析：考查動(dòng)詞辨析。語(yǔ)意：我非常佩服她,因?yàn)樗艹晒Φ丶骖櫴聵I(yè)和家庭。combine sth.and/with sth.表示“同時(shí)做(兩件或兩件以上的事),兼辦”,符合語(yǔ)意。

答案：C解析：考查動(dòng)詞辨析。語(yǔ)意表示“大部分學(xué)生承認(rèn),他們的英語(yǔ)口語(yǔ)很糟糕”,這里用acknowledge表示“承認(rèn)”。

答案：A解析：考查動(dòng)詞辨析。語(yǔ)意表示“動(dòng)車(chē)事故再次提高了我們的意識(shí)”,raise表示“提高”,符合語(yǔ)意。答案：A解析：考查動(dòng)詞辨析。語(yǔ)意表示“當(dāng)在觀賞巨石陣的時(shí)候,人們一直想知識(shí)它是怎樣建成的,為什么要建它”,用admire表示“觀賞,欣賞”。

答案：C

第三篇：動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)教案專(zhuān)題

動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)教案

徐紅平2012-9動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)

目標(biāo)：1.掌握英語(yǔ)的八種基本時(shí)態(tài)和幾種?？紩r(shí)態(tài)

2.了解并熟練掌握高考的幾種熱點(diǎn)時(shí)態(tài)

3.區(qū)分并正確運(yùn)用幾種易混時(shí)態(tài)

一、英語(yǔ)的常見(jiàn)時(shí)態(tài)：

一般

進(jìn)行

完成完成進(jìn)行

現(xiàn)在

一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)

現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)

現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)

過(guò)去

一般過(guò)去時(shí)

過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)

過(guò)去完成時(shí)

過(guò)去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)

將來(lái)

一般將來(lái)時(shí)

將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)

將來(lái)完成時(shí) /

過(guò)去將來(lái)

過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)

/ / /

練兵場(chǎng)——穩(wěn)操勝券

1.Look at the timetable.Hurry up!Flight 4026 ______ off at 18∶20.A.takes

B.took

C.will be taken

D.has taken 答案 A 解析: 飛機(jī)、火車(chē)等按時(shí)刻表運(yùn)行，表達(dá)時(shí)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來(lái)。

2.The young girl sitting next to me on the plane was very nervous.She_before.A.hasn’t flown

B.didn’t fly

C.hadn’t flown

D.wasn’t flying

答案 C 解析: hadn’t flown動(dòng)作發(fā)生在was nervous之前。

3.My cousin went to Canada two years ago.He ______ there for a few months and then went to America.A.worked

B.would work

C.would be working

D.has been working 答案 A 解析: 考查一般過(guò)去時(shí)的基本用法。句中并列連詞and連接兩個(gè)發(fā)生在過(guò)去的順承的動(dòng)作，時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)該一致。

4.--Your job ______ open for your return.--Thanks.A.will be kept

B.will keep

C.had kept

D.had been kept 答案 A 解析: keep the job/the position open使工作、職位等處于空缺狀態(tài)，由句意“隨時(shí)歡迎你回來(lái)工作”可知用將來(lái)時(shí)。

5.--______ you ______ him around the museum yet?--Yes.We had a great time there.A.Have;shown

B.Do;show C.Had;shown

D.Did;show 答案 A 解析: 此處表示說(shuō)話(huà)者詢(xún)問(wèn)對(duì)方“有沒(méi)有帶領(lǐng)他參觀博物館”的結(jié)果，故用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。6.--I saw Jane and her boyfriend in the park at eight yesterday evening.--Impossible.She ______ TV with me in my home then.A.watched

B.had watched

C.would watch

D.was watching 答案 D 解析: 考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意為：“我昨晚8點(diǎn)鐘在公園看見(jiàn)簡(jiǎn)和她男朋友了！”“不可能。她當(dāng)時(shí)正在我家和我一起看電視?！贝颂帟r(shí)間狀語(yǔ)為then，指的是at eight yesterday evening，指過(guò)去某一時(shí)間點(diǎn)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，故應(yīng)用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。7.The flowers were so lovely that they ______ in no time.A.sold

B.had been sold

C.were sold

D.would sell 答案 C 解析: 由“were so...”可知此處用一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)；flowers應(yīng)該是“被賣(mài)光”，故用被動(dòng)形式。8.--What’s that noise?

--Oh, I forgot to tell you.The new machine ______.A.was tested

B.will be tested C.is being tested

D.has been tested 答案 C 解析: 根據(jù)一對(duì)一的問(wèn)答可知，“機(jī)器正在被檢測(cè)”，故選C項(xiàng)。

9.In a room above the store，where a party ______, some workers were busily setting the table.A.was to be held

B.has been held C.will be held

D.is being held 答案 A 解析: 考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)與語(yǔ)態(tài)。根據(jù)“some workers were busily setting the table”判斷，聚會(huì)還沒(méi)舉行，應(yīng)用將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)，且整個(gè)句子用了過(guò)去時(shí)，故用過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)。10.--I have got a headache.--No wonder.You ______ in front of that computer too long.A.work

B.are working

C.have been working

D.worked 答案 C 解析: 考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。由“I have got a headache”可知，空處應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)表示動(dòng)作“從過(guò)去開(kāi)始持續(xù)至今且還會(huì)進(jìn)行下去”，體現(xiàn)過(guò)去開(kāi)始的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響及結(jié)果。

二、熱點(diǎn)時(shí)態(tài): 一般過(guò)去時(shí)，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，過(guò)去完成時(shí)，過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí) 1.I ______ you not to move my dictionary--now I cannot find it.A.asked

B.ask

C.was asking

D.had asked 2.--The window is dirty.--I know.It ____ for weeks.A.hasn’t cleaned B.didn’t clear C.wasn’t cleaned D.hasn’t been cleaned 3.She was surprised to find the fridge empty;the child _____ everything!A.had been eating

B.had eaten

C.have eaten

D.have been eating 4.--Has Sam finished his homework today?

--I have no idea.He ______ it this morning.A.did

B.has done

C.was doing

D.had done 5.--Have you decided already?

--Yes, I______ at once.--Yes, I______ already.A.have decided

B.decided

C.will decide

D.had decided

三、易混時(shí)態(tài)辨析: 1.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)

1).Listen to the two girls by the window.What language ____ they _______(speak)? 2).I ______ ping-pong quite well, but I haven’t had time to play since the new year.A.will play

B.have played

C.played

D.play 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)指經(jīng)常性，習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作；而現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)則表示此刻或近一段時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。

2.一般過(guò)去時(shí)和過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)

1).He ______ a book about China last year, but I don’t know if he ______ it.A.wrote;has finished

B.was writing;has finished C.was writing;had finished

D.wrote;will finish

過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表當(dāng)時(shí)正在進(jìn)行而尚未完成的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。2).As she _______ the newspaper, Granny _______ asleep.A.read;was falling

B.was reading;fell

C.was reading;was falling

D.read;fell

長(zhǎng)動(dòng)作在進(jìn)行時(shí),被一個(gè)短動(dòng)作打斷,長(zhǎng)動(dòng)作用進(jìn)行體,短動(dòng)作用一般體。一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示一個(gè)已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作或過(guò)去習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過(guò)去某時(shí)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，具有持續(xù)和未完成的含義。3.一般過(guò)去時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)

1).I _______(live)there for six years when I was a kid.2).He ________ abroad for ten years and now he is used to the life in Beijing.A.has lived

B.had lived

C.lived

D.was living 3).When I was at college I _______ three foreign languages but I ________ all except a few words of each.A.spoke;had forgotten

B.spoke;have forgotten

C.had spoken;had forgotten

D.had spoken;have forgotten 二者所表示動(dòng)作均發(fā)生在過(guò)去。一般過(guò)去時(shí)僅指動(dòng)作在過(guò)去發(fā)生了，對(duì)現(xiàn)在沒(méi)有影響；現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的動(dòng)作雖發(fā)生在過(guò)去，但影響到現(xiàn)在仍然存在。

四、挑戰(zhàn)高考——信心滿(mǎn)滿(mǎn)

1.Ladies and gentlemen，please fasten your seat belts.The plane ______.A.takes off

B.is taking off

C.has taken off

D.took off 答案 B 解析: 考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。動(dòng)詞go，come，leave及詞組take off等用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。

2.John，a friend of mine，who got married only last week，spent $ 3，000 more than he ______ for the wedding.A.will plan

B.has planned

C.would plan

D.had planned 答案 D 解析: plan表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在spend這一過(guò)去動(dòng)作之前，故應(yīng)該用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。句意為：我的朋友約翰上周結(jié)婚了，婚禮花去了3 000美元，超過(guò)了原計(jì)劃。3.--Did you see a man in black pass by just now?--No, sir.I ______ a newspaper.A.read

B.was reading C.would read

D.am reading 答案 B 解析: 由just now判斷應(yīng)用過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，又由語(yǔ)境“穿黑衣服的人路過(guò)時(shí)，我正在看報(bào)，所以沒(méi)看見(jiàn)他”知空處要用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。

4.I know a little bit about Italy as my wife and I ______ there several years ago.A.are going

B.had been

C.went

D.have been 答案 C 解析: 句中several years ago是一般過(guò)去時(shí)的標(biāo)志。5.--Have you got any job offers?--No.I ______.A.waited

B.had been waiting

C.have waited

D.am waiting 答案 D 解析: 句意為：“有人給你提供工作了嗎？”“沒(méi)有，我正在等著?！庇矛F(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)表示正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。

6.When you are home, give a call to let me know you ______ safely.A.are arriving

B.have arrived

C.had arrived

D.will arrive 答案 B 句意: 當(dāng)你到家的時(shí)候，打電話(huà)給我讓我知道你已經(jīng)到家了。

解答：根據(jù)選項(xiàng)此題考察時(shí)態(tài)。此題可以根據(jù)句意也可以使用排除法。句意為“當(dāng)你到家的時(shí)候，打電話(huà)給我讓我知道你已經(jīng)到家了”B選項(xiàng)使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示將來(lái)完成，譯為“已經(jīng)??”。同時(shí)也可以使用排除法，arrive既可以使用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來(lái)也可以用will + do表示將來(lái)，因此A和D同時(shí)排除，C為過(guò)去完成時(shí)，使用過(guò)去完成時(shí)時(shí)句中一定要有一般過(guò)去時(shí)，過(guò)去完成時(shí)是過(guò)去的過(guò)去，因此C也排除，選擇B.7.--Tommy is planning to buy a car.--I know.By next month, he _______ enough for a used one.A.saves

B.saved

C.will save

D.will have saved 答案 D 解析: 考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意為“——Tommy將計(jì)劃買(mǎi)車(chē)。——我知道，到下個(gè)月為止，他積攢的錢(qián)足夠買(mǎi)一輛舊車(chē)了?！眀y next month是將來(lái)完成時(shí)的標(biāo)志，全句表示在將來(lái)next month之前完成“積攢足夠錢(qián)”的動(dòng)作，對(duì)將來(lái)的時(shí)間next month產(chǎn)生影響，能買(mǎi)一輛舊車(chē)。故選D。

8.--That must have been a long trip.--Yeah, it ______ us a whole week to get there.A.takes

B.has taken

C.took

D.was taking 答案 C 解析: 考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意為“——那一定是長(zhǎng)途旅行?！堑?，我們花了整整一周時(shí)間才趕到那兒?！鳖}干中must have done是對(duì)過(guò)去的肯定推測(cè)，提示時(shí)間在過(guò)去，描述過(guò)去的情況，排除A和B，D項(xiàng)was taking進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)表將來(lái)，但事實(shí)上事情已發(fā)生，這與題意不符，因此選C。

9.When Alice came to, she did not know how long she ______ there.A.had been lying

B.has been lying

C.was lying

D.has lain 答案 A 解析: 考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意為“當(dāng)Alice蘇醒過(guò)來(lái)時(shí)，她不知道她在那兒躺了多久了?！边^(guò)去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)主要表示持續(xù)到過(guò)去某時(shí)之前的動(dòng)作。came to蘇醒過(guò)來(lái)是過(guò)去時(shí)，蘇醒前的情況是過(guò)去的過(guò)去，強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去的過(guò)去里發(fā)生的事，故選A。

10.Planning so far ahead _ no sense--so many things will have changed by next year.A.made

B.is making

C.makes

D.has made 答案 C 解析: 考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意為“計(jì)劃這么超前毫無(wú)意義—到明年許多事情會(huì)發(fā)生變化的?！鼻熬浔硎粳F(xiàn)在的情況make no sense，后句表示到將來(lái)會(huì)產(chǎn)生的后果will have changed。一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示主語(yǔ)的特征或狀態(tài)。is making和has made表示具體的動(dòng)作過(guò)程，故不選。因此選C。

第四篇：高三英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)教學(xué)案語(yǔ)法時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)

曹州一中高三英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)教學(xué)案

（五）專(zhuān)題五 動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)

一動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)概述及基本用法

一、時(shí)態(tài)中的一般體 【精華知識(shí)巨獻(xiàn)】

1一般體中的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、一般過(guò)去時(shí)分別表示現(xiàn)在、過(guò)去的經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作或表示現(xiàn)在、過(guò)去的狀態(tài)。所謂一般體表示不“進(jìn)行”。It was Bob that broke the window(完成)。

We have meals three times a day.我們一日三餐。（現(xiàn)在的習(xí)慣）He is always ready to help others.他總是樂(lè)于助人。（現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)）When I was a boy,I often went to play in that park.在我小時(shí)候，常去那個(gè)公園玩。（過(guò)去的習(xí)慣）2一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)還可表示客觀真理、科學(xué)事實(shí)。The sun rises in the east.太陽(yáng)從東方升起。

3一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)還可用在if,unless,even if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句，由when,before,until(till),as soon as,the moment,once引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，由no matter what/who/which/when/where/how或whatever,whoever,whichever,whenever,wherever,however引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中，這時(shí)主句往往表將來(lái)（出現(xiàn)will/shall/can/must）或主句是祈使句。I'll go with you as soon as I finish my work.我一完成作業(yè)就跟你去?！狢an I join your club,Dad?

我可以參加你的俱樂(lè)部嗎？爸爸？ —You can when you get a bit older.當(dāng)你長(zhǎng)大點(diǎn)時(shí)你可以參加。

If city noises are not kept from increasing,people will have to shout to be heared even at the dinner table 20 years from now.如果城市的噪音不得以控制而上升的話(huà)，從現(xiàn)在算起，20年后人們?cè)诓妥郎铣燥垥r(shí)為了讓對(duì)方聽(tīng)到自己也將不得不大聲地喊。Whatever you say,I will not change my mind.不論你說(shuō)什么，我都不會(huì)改變我的想法。

4語(yǔ)境中的一般過(guò)去時(shí)往往表示“剛才，剛剛”之意，暗示現(xiàn)在已“不再這樣”?！狢ome in,Peter.I want to show you something.彼特，過(guò)來(lái)。我想給你件東西。

—Oh,how nice of you!I never thought you were going to bring me a gift.哦，你真好！我沒(méi)想到你會(huì)給我?guī)?lái)一件禮物。Your phone number again?I didn't quite catch it.再說(shuō)一遍你的電話(huà)號(hào)碼好嗎？我沒(méi)有聽(tīng)清楚。5一般將來(lái)時(shí)的用法

（1）“will/shall+動(dòng)詞原形”表示從現(xiàn)在看來(lái)以后要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)；事

物的固有屬性或必然趨勢(shì)。

Tom will come back next week.湯姆將在下周回來(lái)。

Fish will die without water.離開(kāi)水，魚(yú)就會(huì)死。

（2）“be going to+動(dòng)詞原形”多用在口語(yǔ)中，表示“計(jì)劃、打算、即將做某事”，此外，be going to還可表示根據(jù)現(xiàn)在的跡象對(duì)未來(lái)進(jìn)行推斷。

He is going to speak on TV this evening.他計(jì)劃今晚到電視臺(tái)講話(huà)。Look at the dark clouds.It is going to rain.看這烏云，要下雨了。

（3）“be about to+動(dòng)詞原形”表示立即的將來(lái)（immediate future）,因此，該句型不與具體的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，但可與when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句連用。

The train is about to start.火車(chē)就要開(kāi)了。

（4）有些動(dòng)詞如come,go,stay,arrive,leave,begin,start等，其一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)亦可表示按計(jì)劃、安排將來(lái)要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。

He comes here tonight.他打算今晚來(lái)這兒。

I arrive in Beijing at 3:00 p.m.Tomorrow.我明天下午3點(diǎn)到北京。

What are you doing next week?下周你打算做什么？（5）be to+動(dòng)詞原形

①表示按計(jì)劃或安排要做的事。

When are you to leave for New York？你什么時(shí)候去紐約？ She is to get married next month.她下個(gè)月結(jié)婚。

這種結(jié)構(gòu)也可用于過(guò)去。was/were to do sth.表示曾經(jīng)計(jì)劃做某事，但不表明計(jì)劃是否被執(zhí)行，或表示命運(yùn)（即命中注定要發(fā)生的事）；was/were to have done sth.表示未曾實(shí)現(xiàn)的計(jì)劃。

I felt excited because I was soon to leave home for the first time.我感到很激動(dòng)，因?yàn)槲液芸炀鸵状坞x開(kāi)家了。We were to have told you,but you were not in.我們本來(lái)想告訴你的，但是你不在家。

②表示“指令”，相當(dāng)于should,ought to,must,have to。What is to be done？應(yīng)該怎么辦呢？

This medicine is to be taken three times a day.這種藥一天要服三次。The books in this room are not to be taken outside.（=The books in this room mustnt be taken outside.）這個(gè)房間里的書(shū)籍不得帶出室外。

③表示“想，打算”，相當(dāng)于intend,want。

If we are to be there before ten,well have to go now.如果我們想在十點(diǎn)前到，我們現(xiàn)在就得走。④用于第一人稱(chēng)疑問(wèn)句，表示征求對(duì)方意見(jiàn)。Am I to go on with the work?要我繼續(xù)這項(xiàng)工作嗎？ What are we to do next？我們下一步該怎么辦？

⑤在與be to連用的結(jié)構(gòu)中，see,find,congratulate的不定式的被動(dòng)式有特殊的用法。The news is to be found in the evening paper.這條消息可以在晚報(bào)上見(jiàn)到。

He is nowhere to be seen.在哪里也見(jiàn)不到他。You are to be congratulated.應(yīng)該向您表示祝賀。

二時(shí)態(tài)中的進(jìn)行體

【精華知識(shí)巨獻(xiàn)】

1一個(gè)長(zhǎng)動(dòng)作作為背景，被一個(gè)短動(dòng)作打斷，長(zhǎng)動(dòng)作往往用進(jìn)行體，短動(dòng)作用一般體。My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself.我弟弟騎自行車(chē)時(shí)從車(chē)子上摔了下來(lái)，傷了自己。

The students were writing busily when Miss Brown went to get a book she had left in the office.同學(xué)們?cè)诿χ鴮?xiě)作，這時(shí)布朗老師去取她忘在辦公室的書(shū)。Tom slipped into the house when no one was looking.當(dāng)沒(méi)人注意的時(shí)候，湯姆溜進(jìn)了那所房子。2表示動(dòng)作的未完性、暫時(shí)性。

—Have you moved into the new house？

你搬進(jìn)新房了嗎？

—Not yet.The rooms are being painted.還沒(méi)呢，房子還正在粉刷呢。（未完性）I dont really work here;I am just helping out until the new secretary arrives.我不是在此工作，我只是在幫忙，新秘書(shū)來(lái)了我就走。（暫時(shí)性）

Selecting a mobile phone for personal use is no easy task because technology is changing so rapidly.選手機(jī)供個(gè)人使用不是一件容易事因?yàn)榧夹g(shù)變化太快。（“變化”尚未完成）

3表示按計(jì)劃、安排要做的事。

Ive won a holiday for two days to Florida.I am taking my mum.我獲得了一次去佛羅里達(dá)度兩天假的機(jī)會(huì)。我計(jì)劃帶著我媽媽去。（計(jì)劃）4表示現(xiàn)在或當(dāng)時(shí)發(fā)展中的或正在進(jìn)行的情況

I first met Lisa 3 years ago.She was working at a radio shop at that time.三年前我第一次見(jiàn)到莉薩，當(dāng)時(shí)她正在一家賣(mài)收音機(jī)的商店工作。—Is this raincoat yours?這是你的雨衣嗎？ —No,mine is hanging there behind the door.不是，我的在門(mén)后掛著呢。

5表示反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，往往含有贊賞、厭惡、遺憾等情緒，常與always,continually,constantly連用

He is always thinking of others first.他總是先想到他人。

He is always making the same mistake.他總是犯同一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤。

三時(shí)態(tài)中的完成體

【精華知識(shí)巨獻(xiàn)】

一、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)

1一個(gè)動(dòng)作開(kāi)始于過(guò)去，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在（也許還將持續(xù)下去）。表示從過(guò)去延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在并包括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)的一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)有：

lately,recently,so far,for two years,since last year,in the last/past few years,since then.up to now等。

I have lived here since I was born.我從出生一直住在這里。

I have known him since then.我從那時(shí)就認(rèn)識(shí)他了。

2一個(gè)發(fā)生在過(guò)去的事情對(duì)現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的影響。注意這時(shí)說(shuō)話(huà)者說(shuō)話(huà)的重心在過(guò)去的事情對(duì)現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的影響。常用狀語(yǔ)有already,just(剛剛)，yet,never,before等。He has turned off the light.(=The light is off now.)

他已經(jīng)關(guān)掉了燈。The concert has started.(=The concert is on now.)

會(huì)議已經(jīng)開(kāi)始了。

I have already seen the film.(=I know the film now.)

我已經(jīng)看過(guò)這部電影了。3This/It is the first/second...time+that從句。that從句謂語(yǔ)要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。This is the first time I have come here.這是我第一次來(lái)這里。4在條件、時(shí)間、讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中，表示將來(lái)某時(shí)以前已完成的動(dòng)作。I will not believe you unless I have seen it with my own eyes.只有我親眼看到，我才會(huì)相信你的話(huà)。（強(qiáng)調(diào)“看完”）I will go with you as soon as I have finished my work.我干完了工作就和你一起去。（強(qiáng)調(diào)“干完”）

二、過(guò)去完成時(shí)

1一件事情發(fā)生在過(guò)去，而另外一件事情先于它（即表“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”），那么發(fā)生在前的事情的動(dòng)詞須用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。這時(shí)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)可用before等介詞 短語(yǔ)或一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句來(lái)表示，也可通過(guò)上下文來(lái)表示。

She had learned some English before she came to the institute.她在來(lái)學(xué)院前已學(xué)過(guò)一些英語(yǔ)。

He said that he had been abroad for 3 years.他說(shuō)他在國(guó)外待了3年了。2表示從過(guò)去某一時(shí)間開(kāi)始，一直延續(xù)到過(guò)去的另一時(shí)間的動(dòng)作，常用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)有：by then,by that time,until,by the end of,before 2000,by the time+句子等。

By then he had learned English for 3 years.到那時(shí)，他已學(xué)了3年英語(yǔ)了。

Until then he had known nothing about it.到那時(shí)為止，他對(duì)此仍一無(wú)所知。3Hardly/Scarcely/Barely had...done...when...;No sooner had...done...than...,when和than從句里用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，表示“剛剛……就……”。

Hardly(No sooner)had I got home when(than)the rain poured down.我剛到家大雨就傾盆而下。

Hardly had we started when the car got a flat tyre.我們才剛剛開(kāi)動(dòng)，汽車(chē)的輪胎就漏氣了。

4It was/had been+一段時(shí)間+since從句。since從句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。

It was ten years since we had had such a wonderful time.我們十年沒(méi)這么高興了。

5That/It was the first/second...time+that從句。that從句謂語(yǔ)要用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。

It was the third time(that)he had made the same mistake.這是他第三次犯同樣的錯(cuò)誤了。

That was the first time that I had passed the exam.那是我第一次考試及格。

6表示愿望、打算一類(lèi)的詞，如：hope,expect,mean,intend,want,think,suppose等，其過(guò)去完成時(shí)表示過(guò)去未曾實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望或意圖。

I had hoped to see more of Shanghai.我本希望在上海多看看。（但未能如愿）

I had meant to help you,but I was too busy at the moment.我本想幫你的，但當(dāng)時(shí)確實(shí)太忙了。

I had thought you would come tomorrow.我原以為你明天才來(lái)呢。

三、將來(lái)完成時(shí)

將來(lái)完成時(shí)表示到將來(lái)某一時(shí)間，某一動(dòng)作將會(huì)完成，常用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)為：by+將來(lái)的某個(gè)時(shí)間。

By this time of next year,all of you will have become college students.到明年的這個(gè)時(shí)候，你們大家就都成了大學(xué)生了。

四時(shí)態(tài)中的完成進(jìn)行體 【精華知識(shí)巨獻(xiàn)】

現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法：

現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)表示一個(gè)動(dòng)作開(kāi)始于過(guò)去，并持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，并強(qiáng)調(diào)現(xiàn)在還在進(jìn)行。完成進(jìn)行體是完成體和進(jìn)行體的組合，因此，它具備完成體和進(jìn)行體的一些因素，如：它具備進(jìn)行體的“未完性、暫時(shí)性、感情色彩等”的特點(diǎn)。

He has been learning English for 6 years.他學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)有6年了。（從過(guò)去某一時(shí)間開(kāi)始學(xué)英語(yǔ)，強(qiáng)調(diào)到現(xiàn)在還在學(xué)）

It has been raining for 3 days.雨已經(jīng)下了3天了。（強(qiáng)調(diào)說(shuō)話(huà)者“抱怨”的感情色彩）

五

主動(dòng)與被動(dòng)

【精華知識(shí)巨獻(xiàn)】

一、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)

（一）被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成

英語(yǔ)中的及物動(dòng)詞一般都有主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)兩種形式。主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)是無(wú)標(biāo)志的，而被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)則是有標(biāo)志的。被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)由助動(dòng)詞be加動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞構(gòu)成。助動(dòng)詞 be隨著主語(yǔ)的人稱(chēng)、數(shù)、時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)氣的不同而變化。被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的各種時(shí)態(tài)形式見(jiàn)下表：

時(shí) 體

〖〗現(xiàn)在is/am/are done 〖〗過(guò)去was/were done 〖〗將來(lái)will/shall be done〖〗would/should be done 〖〗進(jìn)行is/am/are being done〖〗was/were being done 〖〗完成〖〗have/has been done〖〗had been done 〖〗將來(lái)完成(will/shall have been done)〖〗(would/should have been done)

（二）被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的用法

1不知道誰(shuí)是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者，或沒(méi)有必要指明誰(shuí)是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者。如：

—George and Lucy got married last week.Did you go to their wedding？

—No,I hadnt been invited.Did they have a big wedding?

—The window is dirty.—I know.It hasnt been cleaned for weeks.2需要強(qiáng)調(diào)或突出動(dòng)作的承受者或事件本身。如：

All the employees except the manager are encouraged to work online at home.3在文章標(biāo)題、廣告、新聞中。如：

Girls wanted.招女工。

Millions of pounds worth of damage has been caused by a storm which swept across the north of England last night.4當(dāng)動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者不是人時(shí)。如：

The number of deaths from heart disease will be reduced greatly if people are persuaded to eat more fruit and vegetables.（三）注意短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)

That old man was often laughed at.那位老人常受人嘲笑。

The plan will be given up.那計(jì)劃就要被放棄了。

Bad habits have been done away with.壞習(xí)慣已經(jīng)改掉了。

（在短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)中，切不可丟掉后面的介詞或副詞）

He must be prevented from going.必須阻止他去。

The plan ought to be put into practice as soon as possible.計(jì)劃必須盡早執(zhí)行。

（含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的謂語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)是：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+be+過(guò)去分詞）

（四）get+過(guò)去分詞可以表示被動(dòng)，此結(jié)構(gòu)比較口語(yǔ)化

She got married last week.她上周結(jié)婚了。

The patient got treated once a week.那位病人一周得到一次治療。

He fell off the car and got killed.他從車(chē)上掉下來(lái)，摔死了。

二、主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義

系動(dòng)詞look,sound,feel,smell,taste,appear,seem,go,prove,turn,stay,become，fall,get,grow,keep+形容詞/名詞構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)。如：

The steel feels cold.His plan proved(to be)practical.It has gone bad.（二）表示開(kāi)始、結(jié)束、運(yùn)動(dòng)的動(dòng)詞，如：begin,finish,start,open,close,stop,end,shut,run,move等。如：

Work began at 7 oclock this morning.The shop closes at 6 p.m.every day.（三）表示主語(yǔ)的某種屬性特征的動(dòng)詞，如： read,write,act,iron,cut,draw,drive,sell,wash,clean,wear,open,cook，lock,shut,dry,eat,drink。這類(lèi)動(dòng)詞一般不單獨(dú)使用，常有一個(gè)修飾語(yǔ)。如：

This coat dries easily.這種外衣容易干。

Nylon cleans easily.尼龍容易洗干凈。

Food can keep fresh in a fridge.食物在冰箱里能保鮮。

Your speech reads well.你的演說(shuō)講得很好。

This material has worn thin.這個(gè)材料已經(jīng)磨薄了。

The match wont catch.火柴擦不著。

The plan worked out wonderfully.這計(jì)劃制定得很好。

The engine wont start.引擎發(fā)動(dòng)不起來(lái)。

（四）少數(shù)動(dòng)詞用于進(jìn)行時(shí)，其主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)含義，如：print,cook,fry,hang,build,make。如：

The books are printing.這本書(shū)正在排印中。

The meat is cooking.肉在煮。

（五）介詞in,on,under等+名詞構(gòu)成介詞短語(yǔ)表被動(dòng)意義 表示方位的介詞與含動(dòng)作意義的名詞合用，含被動(dòng)之意，其意義相當(dāng)于該名詞相應(yīng)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)形式，名詞前一般不用冠詞。常見(jiàn)的有：under control(受控制),under treatment（在治療中），under repair(在修理中)，under discussion（在討論中），under construction(在施工中)，beyond belief(令人難以置信),beyond ones reach(鞭長(zhǎng)莫及)，beyond ones control(無(wú)法控制),beyond our hope（我們始料不及），for sale(出售)，for rent(出租)，in print（在印刷中）,in sight(在視野范圍內(nèi))，on sale(出售)，on show(展出)，on trial(受審)，out of control（失控），out of sight（超出視線(xiàn)之外），out of ones reach（夠不著），out of fashion（不流行）。如： The rumor is beyond belief(=cant be believed).His honest character is above all praise.（=His honest character cannot be praised enough.）

Today some treasures are on show(=are being shown)in the museum.（六）不能用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的及物動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)：fit,have,wish,cost,agree

with,arrive at/in,shake hands with,succeed in,suffer from,happen to,take part in,walk into,belong to等。如：

This key just fits the lock.Your story agrees with what had already been heard.六

疑難、易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)

【精華知識(shí)巨獻(xiàn)】

一、動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)易混點(diǎn)

1一般過(guò)去時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的用法區(qū)別

（1）一般過(guò)去時(shí)所表示的一個(gè)或一段過(guò)去時(shí)間是可以具體確定的，與其他時(shí)間沒(méi)有牽連。它所表示的事情純屬過(guò)去，與現(xiàn)在情況沒(méi)有聯(lián)系?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示的事情發(fā)生在不能具體指出的以前的過(guò)去某個(gè)或某段時(shí)間。它所表示的事情與現(xiàn)在情況有關(guān)系，是過(guò)去事情在現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果或?qū)ΜF(xiàn)在的影響。

（2）比較下面幾組句子，體會(huì)兩種時(shí)態(tài)的不同：

He served in the army from 1952 to 1954.(這是過(guò)去的一件事)He has served in the army for 5 years.（現(xiàn)在他仍在軍中服役，他仍是軍人）

He wrote many plays when he was at college.（寫(xiě)劇本是他過(guò)去做的事情）

He has written many plays.（這意味著他是劇作家）

I saw Hero last year.（看《英雄》的時(shí)間是去年，與現(xiàn)在無(wú)關(guān)）

I have seen Hero before.（強(qiáng)調(diào)現(xiàn)在知道這部電影的內(nèi)容。以前看過(guò)，但“以前”是表示一個(gè)與現(xiàn)在有聯(lián)系的過(guò)去時(shí)間，而不是一個(gè)確定的與現(xiàn)在無(wú)關(guān)的過(guò)去時(shí)間）

2一般過(guò)去時(shí)和過(guò)去完成時(shí)的用法區(qū)別

（1）一般過(guò)去時(shí)是對(duì)現(xiàn)在說(shuō)話(huà)時(shí)刻而言的，過(guò)去完成時(shí)則是對(duì)過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻而 言。兩種時(shí)態(tài)建立的時(shí)間參照點(diǎn)不同，對(duì)過(guò)去完成時(shí)來(lái)說(shuō)，這個(gè)時(shí)間參照點(diǎn)十分重要，它是過(guò)去完成概念以建立的基礎(chǔ)，也是和一般過(guò)去時(shí)相區(qū)別的重要標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。

（2）過(guò)去完成時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)常用by和before引導(dǎo)的短語(yǔ)表示，如：by that time,by

the end of,before 2000,by the time+句子等。3過(guò)去完成時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的用法區(qū)別

（1）兩種時(shí)態(tài)都常與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用，但現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示的是延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在或同現(xiàn)在有關(guān)的動(dòng)作（句中不可有表示過(guò)去特定時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)），而過(guò)去完成時(shí)表示的是在過(guò)去某時(shí)之前已經(jīng)完成或延續(xù)到過(guò)去某時(shí)的動(dòng)作（句中有表示過(guò)去特定時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)）。（2）比較下面的說(shuō)法

She had been ill for a week before she came back.（回來(lái)發(fā)生在過(guò)去某一時(shí)間，生病發(fā)生在過(guò)去的過(guò)去）

She has been ill for a week.(現(xiàn)在仍然病著)4現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的區(qū)別

現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)可以與時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，也可以不用時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。這一點(diǎn)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)不同。現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)通常與時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，如:since,ever since,for three months,just,already,yet等連用。現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)通常與all the(this)morning/afternoon/day/month或the whole day等連用。試對(duì)比以下各例：

I have been working on the experiment report this morning,but I havent

completed it yet.我今天一上午都在寫(xiě)實(shí)驗(yàn)報(bào)告，可是到現(xiàn)在也沒(méi)寫(xiě)完。

They have been repairing the broken road.他們一直在維修那條被損壞的道路。（可能是剛歇息下來(lái)，也可能還在修）

They have already repaired the broken road.他們把路修完了。（動(dòng)作已經(jīng)結(jié)束）

現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)表示一種不間斷的持續(xù)性行為。如果表示一個(gè)重復(fù)動(dòng)作，或者表示動(dòng)作做過(guò)的次數(shù)時(shí)，不能用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。如：

Ive been writing letters since breakfast.Ive written to him three times,but I havent heard from him up till now.二、固定句式易混點(diǎn)

1This/It is the first/second...time+that從句。that從句一般用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，如果把前邊的is改為was,則that從句用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。如：

This is the first time I have come here.It was the third time(that)he had made the same mistake.2It is/has been+一段時(shí)間+since從句。since從句中一般用過(guò)去時(shí)，如果將前邊的is改為was,則since從句中用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。如：

It was ten years since we had had such a wonderful time.3be about to do...when...意為“即將……（這時(shí)）突然……”。如：

I was about to go out when the telephone rang.4be(was/were)+doing...when...意為“正在干……（這時(shí)）突然……”。如：

They were reading when Tom shouted in pain.5Hardly had...done...when...；No sooner had...done...than...when和than從句里用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，表示“剛剛……就……”。如：

Hardly(No sooner)had I got home when(than)the rain poured down.我剛到家大雨就傾盆而下了。6It+be+一段時(shí)間+before從句

這個(gè)句式分兩種情況：如果主句用將來(lái)時(shí)，則從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來(lái)時(shí)，意為多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間以后即將發(fā)生某事；如果主句用過(guò)去時(shí)，從句也用過(guò)去時(shí)，意為多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間后發(fā)生了某事。如：

It wont be long before he succeeds.（=He will succeed soon.）

三、would與used to用法異同點(diǎn)

1would與used to都可用來(lái)表示過(guò)去經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，常?？梢該Q用。如：When we were boys we used to/would go swimming every summer.小時(shí)候，每到夏天我們都要去游泳。

He used to/would spend every penny he earned on books.過(guò)去，他通常把掙來(lái)的錢(qián)全花在買(mǎi)書(shū)上。

2would之后要接表示動(dòng)作的動(dòng)詞，不接表示認(rèn)識(shí)或狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞，而used to則無(wú)此限制。如：I used to like football when I was at middle school.我上中學(xué)的時(shí)候，喜歡足球。

He used to be nervous in the exam.他過(guò)去在考試中常常緊張。3would表示反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。如果某一動(dòng)作沒(méi)有反復(fù)性，就不能用would,只能用used to。如：

And from that day on,as soon as the table was cleared and the dishes were gone,mother would disappear into her sewing room to practice.從那天起，只要碗盤(pán)撤掉、飯桌清理干凈，媽媽就馬上躲進(jìn)做針線(xiàn)活的房間練習(xí)起來(lái)。（具有反復(fù)性）

I used to live in Beijing.我過(guò)去住在北京。（沒(méi)有反復(fù)性）

4used to表示過(guò)去經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)結(jié)束（含有較強(qiáng)的“今非昔比”的意思），would則只表示說(shuō)話(huà)者對(duì)過(guò)去的一種回想心情，有可能再發(fā)生。如：

People used to believe that the earth was flat.過(guò)去，人們總以為地球是平的。（現(xiàn)在已不再這樣認(rèn)為）He would go to the park as soon as he was free.過(guò)去，他一有空就去公園。（現(xiàn)在有可能再去）

第五篇：動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)查漏補(bǔ)缺練習(xí)

動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)查漏檢測(cè)

1.—Have they got our car repaired?

— I don’t know.But it _____ when I called them yesterday.A.was repairingB.was repairedC.was being repairedD.had been repaired2.— Joe, don’t forget to bring your laptop with you

tomorrow, OK?

— Oh, thank you.I wouldn’t bring it if you _____ me.A.wouldn’t remindB.haven’t reminded

C.hadn’t remindedD.shouldn’t have reminded 3.The manager got to the company in a hurry, only to find that he _________ his laptop back at home.A.would leaveB.was leavingC.has leftD.had left

4.She could have been in time for the interview, but her flight ________.A.was delayingB.had been delayed C.has delayedD.was delayed

5.The train we ________ for so long was crowded, so we decided to catch a later one.A.have been waitingB.were waiting C.had been waitingD.have waited

6.Would you please keep silent? The news that the milk contains a harmful chemical ______ and I want to listen.A.has been broadcastB.is broadcast C.is being broadcastD.is broadcasting 7.— I am crazy about English now.— But I still remember how you A.hateB.have hated C.hatedD.had hated 8.When I ________home, I caught a thief stealing from a passer-by.A.headedB.was headingC.has headedD.had headed

9.She was young.A.was playingB.played

C.has playedD.had played

10.Do you think that bridge doesn’t appear long.A.measures;thatB.is measured;so C.is measured;suchD.measures;much

—The environment of this restaurant is very nice.—I can’t agree more.My friend_________ the right place.A.recommendsB.recommendedC.had recommendedD.was recommending 12.—Where did you get the breaking news? —It _________ in the newspapers.A.publishedB.is being published C.would publishD.has been published 13.— We thought he would have got the job.— What a pity!He ______too nervous when interviewed.A.was B.had been C.has been D.would have been 14.—Have they got our car repaired?

—I don’t know.But it ____ when I called them yesterday.A.would repairB.was repairedC.had repairedD.was being repaired

15.During the last three decades, the number of peopleparticipating in physical fitness programs ______ sharply.A.was risingB.has risen C.had risenD.will be rising

17.— Where did you go on National Day?

— Jiuzhai Valley.I _________ to go to France, but the expense was too high.A.plannedB.would planC.have plannedD.had planned

18.—Did you find the missing couple in the mountain

yesterday?

—No, but we ______to get in touch with them ever

since.A.have triedB.had triedC.have been tryingD.had been trying

19.—Hey!Here is a message on my cellphone, telling me

that I have won the first prize of a weekend for two in Paris.—Delete it!It' s a trick.Many a person ______by such tricks.A.has been cheatedB.have been cheated C.were cheatedD.was cheated

20.According to the press，nothing but some

fingerprints _______ left in the broken-in store.A.has been foundB.has foundC have been foundD.have found

21.Over the past month, Chinese cinema ________ the great success of the low-budget film Lost in Thailand.A.witnessesB.has witnessedC.would witnessD.had witnessed

22.They us about that;otherwise we would have prepared ahead of time.A.don't informB.haven't informed C.didn't informD.hadn't informed

23.Up to now, our society _______with limited living space and a shortage of natural resources.A.has been challengedB.is being challenged C.is challengingD.has challenged 24.---Remember the first time we met?

---Sure.You _____ in the supermarket.A.shoppedB.have shoppedC.had shoppedD.were shopping 25.—What are you doing, John?

— I _____the English words all the morning, but I still can’t remember them.A.have been recitingB.recitedC.was recitingD.have recited 26.“It isn' t the first time I______at home,” he said

frankly.A.had spoiledB.have spoiledC.had been spoiledD.have been spoiled

27.This is a promising company as its employees

_______ to think outside the box and develop creative solutions.A.encourageB.have encouragedC.were encouragedD.are encouraged

28.I apologize if my son ______ you, but I am sure that he didn’t mean to.A.hurtsB.hurtC.has hurtD.had hurt

29.Shakespeare’s play Hamletinto at least ten different films over the past years.A.had been madeB.was madeC.has been madeD.would be made