第一篇：低級語法動詞的時態(tài)教案

第十一章 動詞的時態(tài)教案.教學日期：2017.5.19

15：00-17：00

Teacher: Elaine 動詞的時態(tài)教學設(shè)計

一、學習者分析

這個班的學生的英語基礎(chǔ)比較低，對于語法的認識可能是一無所知或者是模模糊糊，所以通過學習本節(jié)內(nèi)容，讓學生更系統(tǒng)的認識動詞的時態(tài)的使用。

二、教學內(nèi)容分析

1、本節(jié)的主要內(nèi)容及在本章中的地位

本節(jié)的主要內(nèi)容有時態(tài)的定義，一般現(xiàn)在時，一般過去時，一般將來時，現(xiàn)在進行時，現(xiàn)在完成時，（過去完成時，過去進行時）過去完成時，從而再與之前所學的動詞的基本形式的對比，讓學生理解動詞的基本形式在動詞的時態(tài)中的運用，時態(tài)在語法中占非常重要的比例，在考試時也占據(jù)了重要比分。

本節(jié)課的內(nèi)容比較容易模棱兩可，時態(tài)太多，動詞的基本形式難以區(qū)分。大多數(shù)學生學起來有一定難度，在教學中通過設(shè)疑提問，引導(dǎo)學生觀察、分析比較和歸納，使之逐步掌握動詞的時態(tài)的相關(guān)知識。

2、教學重點、難點

重點：時態(tài)的定義，一般現(xiàn)在時，一般將來時，一般過去時，現(xiàn)在進行時，現(xiàn)在完成時。

難點：動詞的基本形式在動詞的時態(tài)中的靈活運用，對時態(tài)的一個區(qū)分。

三、教學目標 【知識與技能】

1、理解時態(tài)的定義

2、掌握一般現(xiàn)在時的定義，理解一般現(xiàn)在時的構(gòu)成，明白一般現(xiàn)在時中動詞的形式：動詞原形，第三人稱單數(shù)。

3、掌握一般將來時的定義，理解一般將來時的構(gòu)成，明白一般將來時中動詞的形式：動詞原形。

4、掌握一般過去時的定義，理解一般過去時的構(gòu)成，明白一般過去時中動詞的形式：動詞過去式。

5、掌握現(xiàn)在進行時的定義，理解現(xiàn)在進行時的構(gòu)成，明白現(xiàn)在進行時中動詞的形式：動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞。

6、掌握現(xiàn)在完成時的定義，理解現(xiàn)在完成時的構(gòu)成，明白現(xiàn)在完成時中動詞的形式：動詞過去分詞?！具^程與方法】

1、通過讓學生觀察、比較，加深動詞時態(tài)的語法使用。

2、通過做練習，能靈活的判斷各個時態(tài)，并理解各個時態(tài)中動詞的形式。

【情感態(tài)度與價值觀】

1、通過感受時態(tài)在語法中的重要作用，激發(fā)對語法學習

2、通過對時態(tài)的學習，樹立主動學以致用的意識。

四、教學策略選擇與設(shè)計

本節(jié)課將以教學大綱為依據(jù)，采用“教師為主導(dǎo)、學生為主體”的教學系統(tǒng)設(shè)計模式，在教學過程中，通過設(shè)疑提問，引導(dǎo)學生自主發(fā)現(xiàn)問題，培養(yǎng)的學生主觀能動性；最后，通過課堂練習，進一步鞏固所學內(nèi)容知識，并對學生當堂課學的情況進行反饋和補充。

五、教學過程設(shè)計

Step 1 : Pre-task preparation 1.Greeting T: Hello,boys and girls.Ss:Hello,Elaine.T：How are you today? Ss:I am fine, thank you.T:OK,good, 2.Roll call T:Very good.next , let’s have a roll call, when I call your name, please hands up and say “here” OK? Ss:OK T:Let’s begain.(點名)（板書加分機制）

Step 2 : while-task procedure 1.Lead-in T:Do you remember what we have learned last week ? Ss:Yes

T:What have we leaned? Ss:verb./ 動詞/ V.T:Wonderful!在講解動詞時，我們重點講解了動詞的形式，right？ Ss:Yes!T:OK, good!Who can tell me something about it? S1:動詞原形/V原

T：Wonderful , anything else? S3:V-ing / 動詞的ing形式/動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞。。。。（復(fù)習動詞的各個形式，已經(jīng)變化規(guī)則）T：那么今天我們繼續(xù)學習動詞的時態(tài)，tense，Do you know what is tense? S4:......S6:......S9:.....T: Very good!英語時態(tài)就是用動詞的形式變化來表示不同時間內(nèi)發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。

在英語中，每一句話都至少包含一種時態(tài)，所以我們應(yīng)該認識到時態(tài)的重要性，我們今天要學習五種時態(tài)。下面我們一一地來認識它們。2.一般現(xiàn)在時（主+do/does）用 法：

A)表示現(xiàn)在發(fā)生的動作、情況、狀態(tài)和特征。B)習慣用語。

C)經(jīng)常性、習慣性動作。

例：He always helps others.（他總是幫助別人。）D)客觀事實和普遍真理。尤其要注意，如果前后文不是一般現(xiàn)在時，則無法保持 主句、從句時態(tài)一致。E)表示一個按規(guī)定、計劃或安排要發(fā)生的動作，（僅限于某些表示“來、去、動、停、開始、結(jié)束、繼續(xù)”等的動詞）可以與表示未來時間的狀語搭配使用。常見的用法是：飛機、火車、輪船、汽車等定期定點運行的交通方式。

例：The next train leaves at 3 o'clock this afternoon.（下一趟火車今天下午3點開車。）

How often does this shuttle bus run?（這班車多久一趟？）

F)在時間和條件狀語從句里經(jīng)常用一般現(xiàn)在（有時也用現(xiàn)在完成時）表示將來事 情。例：When you have finished the report, I will have waited for about 3 hours.（等你完成這份報告的時候，我就已經(jīng)等了將近3個小時了。）

2.現(xiàn)在進行時(主+ be doing)用法：現(xiàn)在正在進行的動作。3.一般過去時（主+did）用法：

A)表示過去某個時間發(fā)生的動作或情況。

B)表示過去習慣性動作。特別是由would/ used to do表達的句型，本身表示的 就是過去時。例：The old man would sit on a bench in the quiet park and look at others for hours without doing anything or talking to anybody.（老人過去常常坐在寧靜的公園里的一條長椅上，看著其他的人，一坐就是數(shù)個小時，什么也不干，也不和任何人交談。）He used to visit his mother once a week.（他以前總是每周看望一次他的母親。）

C)有時可代替一般現(xiàn)在時，表達一種婉轉(zhuǎn)、客氣、禮貌、商量的語氣。

例：I wanted to ask you if I could borrow your car?（我想向您借車用一用，可以嗎？）Would you mind my sitting here?（您介意我坐在這里嗎？）注意事項：

A)注意時間狀語的搭配。一般過去時的時間狀語應(yīng)該是表示過去某個時間的詞或詞組，如：yesterday, last month, in 1999, two days ago等，絕對不可與recently, in the past 10 years, this month等連用因為這樣的時間狀語都與現(xiàn)在有關(guān)系，應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在完成時或一般現(xiàn)在時。

B)used to do的否定形式和疑問形式很特別：你怎么寫都正確。以否定形式為例：used not to do, didn't used to do, didn't use to do

都對。Used to do經(jīng)常與 be used to doing sth/ sth結(jié)構(gòu)進行對比。前者表示“過去常?；蜻^去曾經(jīng)”，要求加動詞原形；后者表示“習慣于”，要求加名詞或動名詞。一般將來時 用法：

A)基本結(jié)構(gòu)是will / shall do, be going to do。例：We shall send her a glass hand-made craft as her birthday gift.（我們將送給她一個玻璃的手工制品，作為給她的生日禮物。）B)有

些

動

詞，如

：arrive, be close, come, do, done, go, have, leave, open, play, return, sleep, start, stay等，用于一般進行時，并且通常與一個表示將來時間的時間狀語連用，可以表示將來時。例g here until May.（我媽媽下周將來看我，并會呆到5月。）

C)表示“打算去……，要……”時，可用be going to do。例：This is just what I am going to say.（這正是我想說的。）

D)表示“即將、正要”時，可用be about to do。強調(diào)近期內(nèi)或馬上要做的事。

例

：Don't worry, I am about to make a close examination on you.（別擔心，我馬上就給你做一次仔細的檢查。）E)“be to do”的5種用法：

a)表示“按計劃、安排即將發(fā)生某事或打算做某事”。

例：She is to be seen in the lab on Monday.（星期一你

：My mother is coming to visit me next week and is stayin準會在實驗室見到她。）

b)該做或不該做的事情（語氣上接近于should, must, ought to, have to），表示一種命令規(guī)勸性語氣。

例

：You are to go to bed and keep quiet, kids.Our guests are arriving in less than 5 minutes.（孩子們，你們必須 上床睡覺，不準吵鬧。我們的客人5分鐘之內(nèi)就要到了。）c)能或不能發(fā)生的事情（接近can, may）

例：How am I to pay such a debt?（我怎么可能還得起這么大的一筆債呢？）d)不可避免將要發(fā)生的事情，后來將要發(fā)生的事情。

例

：I assure you that the matter _______ as quickly as possible.Have a little patience.A.will be attended B.will be attended to C.is attended D.is attended to will be attended to關(guān)鍵的一點是：attend表示“處理，解決”時是不及物動詞，必須與to連用。另外，從上下文看，事情顯然尚未解決，所以應(yīng)該用將來時的被動語態(tài)。答案是B。e)用于條件從句“如果……想，設(shè)想”（接近if ……want to,或if ……should）

例

：Greater efforts to increase agricultural production must be made if food shortage ____________ avoided.A)is to be B)can be C)will be D)has been 答案是A)is to be。全句的意思是：“如果要避免食品短缺，就必須作出更大努力來增加農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)量?！?F)同樣可以表示“正要、將要”的意思的句型是be on the point of doing。例our team has been scored 7 points.（教練想要放棄這場比賽了，因為對方已經(jīng)射進了7個球。）

現(xiàn)在完成時(have done)用 法：

A)表示動作到現(xiàn)在為止已經(jīng)完成或剛剛完成。例

：

：The coach is on the point of giving up the game because I bought a new house, but I _________ my old one yet, so at the moment I have two houses.A)didn't sell B)sold C)haven't sold D)would sell 答案是C)haven't sold。

B)表示從過去某時刻開始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或情況，并且有可能會繼續(xù)延續(xù)下去。此時經(jīng)常用延續(xù)性動詞。時間狀語常用since加一個過去的時間點，或for 加一段時間，或by加一個現(xiàn)在時間。例：Great as Newton was, many of his ideas ___________ today and are being modified by the work of scientists of our time.A)are to challenge C)have been challenged B)may be challenged D)are challenging 全句的意思是：“雖然牛頓是個偉大的人物，但他的許多見解直到今天還在受到挑戰(zhàn)，并且被現(xiàn)代科學家的工作所修 正?！眂hallenge是及物動詞，在本句中應(yīng)當是被動語態(tài)；其動作延續(xù)到今天，所以要用現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)?？梢姶鸢甘荂)have been challenged。A)are to challenge和D)are challenging都是主動語態(tài)，不可能是答案。B)may be challenged雖然是被動語態(tài)，但意思與全句內(nèi)容不合，所以不對。C)表示發(fā)生在過去，但對現(xiàn)在仍有影響的動作或情況。通常用點動詞，如：arrive, begin, find, give, loseJohn has broken his left leg.（約翰摔斷了左腿。）注意事項

A)現(xiàn)在完成時是聯(lián)系過去和現(xiàn)在的紐帶?，F(xiàn)在完成時和過去時的區(qū)別在于：現(xiàn)在完成時強調(diào)動作的動態(tài)，或受動態(tài)的影響，是動態(tài)的結(jié)果，對現(xiàn)在有影響；過去時只表 示過去的某個具體時間里發(fā)生的動作，與現(xiàn)在沒有聯(lián)系。

例：He worked in that hospital for 8 years.（他曾經(jīng)在那家醫(yī)院工作了8年。

這只是講述一個過去的事實，他現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不在那家醫(yī)院

等。例：了。）He has worked in that hospital for 8 years.（他已經(jīng)在那家醫(yī)院里工作了8年。表示他從過去開始工作，一直工作到現(xiàn)在，現(xiàn)在仍在那家醫(yī)院工作。）B)因為含有for加一段時間或since加一個時間點這樣的時間狀語的完成時，有動態(tài)和延續(xù)性的特點，所以不能使用終端動詞或瞬間動詞。例：My sister has been married for 5 years.（過去分詞做表

語

表

示

狀

態(tài)，可

以

延續(xù)）My sister has married.Don't disturb her.（終端動詞）

C)在“this is the first/ second/ third?? time that??”句型里要求用完成時。例

：This is the second time that the products of our company have been shown in the International Exhibition.（這是我公司產(chǎn)品第二次參加國際展覽會。）

D)句型“It is/ has been??since”所使用的兩種時態(tài)都正確。例：It is/ has been 10 years since I last saw him.（從我上次見到他以來已經(jīng)10年了。）

E)在“no sooner than”、“hardly/ scarcely ??when”、“before”、“prior to”等句型中，主句要求完成時。例：I haven't met that professor prior to today.（以前我從未見過那位教授。）

Step 3.練習題鞏固，總結(jié) Step 4.家庭作業(yè) Step 5.學生回憶 Step 6.學生對課程的反饋 Step 7.課后反思

第二篇：動詞時態(tài)和語態(tài)教案專題

動詞時態(tài)和語態(tài)教案

徐紅平2012-9動詞時態(tài)和語態(tài)

目標：1.掌握英語的八種基本時態(tài)和幾種?？紩r態(tài)

2.了解并熟練掌握高考的幾種熱點時態(tài)

3.區(qū)分并正確運用幾種易混時態(tài)

一、英語的常見時態(tài)：

一般

進行

完成完成進行

現(xiàn)在

一般現(xiàn)在時

現(xiàn)在進行時

現(xiàn)在完成時

現(xiàn)在完成進行時

過去

一般過去時

過去進行時

過去完成時

過去完成進行時

將來

一般將來時

將來進行時

將來完成時 /

過去將來

過去將來時

/ / /

練兵場——穩(wěn)操勝券

1.Look at the timetable.Hurry up!Flight 4026 ______ off at 18∶20.A.takes

B.took

C.will be taken

D.has taken 答案 A 解析: 飛機、火車等按時刻表運行，表達時用一般現(xiàn)在時表將來。

2.The young girl sitting next to me on the plane was very nervous.She_before.A.hasn’t flown

B.didn’t fly

C.hadn’t flown

D.wasn’t flying

答案 C 解析: hadn’t flown動作發(fā)生在was nervous之前。

3.My cousin went to Canada two years ago.He ______ there for a few months and then went to America.A.worked

B.would work

C.would be working

D.has been working 答案 A 解析: 考查一般過去時的基本用法。句中并列連詞and連接兩個發(fā)生在過去的順承的動作，時態(tài)應(yīng)該一致。

4.--Your job ______ open for your return.--Thanks.A.will be kept

B.will keep

C.had kept

D.had been kept 答案 A 解析: keep the job/the position open使工作、職位等處于空缺狀態(tài)，由句意“隨時歡迎你回來工作”可知用將來時。

5.--______ you ______ him around the museum yet?--Yes.We had a great time there.A.Have;shown

B.Do;show C.Had;shown

D.Did;show 答案 A 解析: 此處表示說話者詢問對方“有沒有帶領(lǐng)他參觀博物館”的結(jié)果，故用現(xiàn)在完成時。6.--I saw Jane and her boyfriend in the park at eight yesterday evening.--Impossible.She ______ TV with me in my home then.A.watched

B.had watched

C.would watch

D.was watching 答案 D 解析: 考查動詞時態(tài)。句意為：“我昨晚8點鐘在公園看見簡和她男朋友了！”“不可能。她當時正在我家和我一起看電視?！贝颂帟r間狀語為then，指的是at eight yesterday evening，指過去某一時間點正在進行的動作，故應(yīng)用過去進行時態(tài)。7.The flowers were so lovely that they ______ in no time.A.sold

B.had been sold

C.were sold

D.would sell 答案 C 解析: 由“were so...”可知此處用一般過去時態(tài)；flowers應(yīng)該是“被賣光”，故用被動形式。8.--What’s that noise?

--Oh, I forgot to tell you.The new machine ______.A.was tested

B.will be tested C.is being tested

D.has been tested 答案 C 解析: 根據(jù)一對一的問答可知，“機器正在被檢測”，故選C項。

9.In a room above the store，where a party ______, some workers were busily setting the table.A.was to be held

B.has been held C.will be held

D.is being held 答案 A 解析: 考查動詞的時態(tài)與語態(tài)。根據(jù)“some workers were busily setting the table”判斷，聚會還沒舉行，應(yīng)用將來時態(tài)，且整個句子用了過去時，故用過去將來時態(tài)。10.--I have got a headache.--No wonder.You ______ in front of that computer too long.A.work

B.are working

C.have been working

D.worked 答案 C 解析: 考查動詞的時態(tài)。由“I have got a headache”可知，空處應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成進行時表示動作“從過去開始持續(xù)至今且還會進行下去”，體現(xiàn)過去開始的動作對現(xiàn)在的影響及結(jié)果。

二、熱點時態(tài): 一般過去時，現(xiàn)在完成時，過去完成時，過去進行時 1.I ______ you not to move my dictionary--now I cannot find it.A.asked

B.ask

C.was asking

D.had asked 2.--The window is dirty.--I know.It ____ for weeks.A.hasn’t cleaned B.didn’t clear C.wasn’t cleaned D.hasn’t been cleaned 3.She was surprised to find the fridge empty;the child _____ everything!A.had been eating

B.had eaten

C.have eaten

D.have been eating 4.--Has Sam finished his homework today?

--I have no idea.He ______ it this morning.A.did

B.has done

C.was doing

D.had done 5.--Have you decided already?

--Yes, I______ at once.--Yes, I______ already.A.have decided

B.decided

C.will decide

D.had decided

三、易混時態(tài)辨析: 1.一般現(xiàn)在時和現(xiàn)在進行時

1).Listen to the two girls by the window.What language ____ they _______(speak)? 2).I ______ ping-pong quite well, but I haven’t had time to play since the new year.A.will play

B.have played

C.played

D.play 一般現(xiàn)在時指經(jīng)常性，習慣性的動作；而現(xiàn)在進行時則表示此刻或近一段時間正在進行的動作。

2.一般過去時和過去進行時

1).He ______ a book about China last year, but I don’t know if he ______ it.A.wrote;has finished

B.was writing;has finished C.was writing;had finished

D.wrote;will finish

過去進行時表當時正在進行而尚未完成的動作或狀態(tài)。2).As she _______ the newspaper, Granny _______ asleep.A.read;was falling

B.was reading;fell

C.was reading;was falling

D.read;fell

長動作在進行時,被一個短動作打斷,長動作用進行體,短動作用一般體。一般過去時表示一個已經(jīng)完成的動作或過去習慣性的動作，過去進行時表示過去某時正在進行的動作，具有持續(xù)和未完成的含義。3.一般過去時與現(xiàn)在完成時

1).I _______(live)there for six years when I was a kid.2).He ________ abroad for ten years and now he is used to the life in Beijing.A.has lived

B.had lived

C.lived

D.was living 3).When I was at college I _______ three foreign languages but I ________ all except a few words of each.A.spoke;had forgotten

B.spoke;have forgotten

C.had spoken;had forgotten

D.had spoken;have forgotten 二者所表示動作均發(fā)生在過去。一般過去時僅指動作在過去發(fā)生了，對現(xiàn)在沒有影響；現(xiàn)在完成時的動作雖發(fā)生在過去，但影響到現(xiàn)在仍然存在。

四、挑戰(zhàn)高考——信心滿滿

1.Ladies and gentlemen，please fasten your seat belts.The plane ______.A.takes off

B.is taking off

C.has taken off

D.took off 答案 B 解析: 考查動詞的時態(tài)。動詞go，come，leave及詞組take off等用現(xiàn)在進行時表示將要發(fā)生的動作。

2.John，a friend of mine，who got married only last week，spent $ 3，000 more than he ______ for the wedding.A.will plan

B.has planned

C.would plan

D.had planned 答案 D 解析: plan表示的動作發(fā)生在spend這一過去動作之前，故應(yīng)該用過去完成時。句意為：我的朋友約翰上周結(jié)婚了，婚禮花去了3 000美元，超過了原計劃。3.--Did you see a man in black pass by just now?--No, sir.I ______ a newspaper.A.read

B.was reading C.would read

D.am reading 答案 B 解析: 由just now判斷應(yīng)用過去時態(tài)，又由語境“穿黑衣服的人路過時，我正在看報，所以沒看見他”知空處要用過去進行時。

4.I know a little bit about Italy as my wife and I ______ there several years ago.A.are going

B.had been

C.went

D.have been 答案 C 解析: 句中several years ago是一般過去時的標志。5.--Have you got any job offers?--No.I ______.A.waited

B.had been waiting

C.have waited

D.am waiting 答案 D 解析: 句意為：“有人給你提供工作了嗎？”“沒有，我正在等著。”用現(xiàn)在進行時態(tài)表示正在進行的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。

6.When you are home, give a call to let me know you ______ safely.A.are arriving

B.have arrived

C.had arrived

D.will arrive 答案 B 句意: 當你到家的時候，打電話給我讓我知道你已經(jīng)到家了。

解答：根據(jù)選項此題考察時態(tài)。此題可以根據(jù)句意也可以使用排除法。句意為“當你到家的時候，打電話給我讓我知道你已經(jīng)到家了”B選項使用現(xiàn)在完成時表示將來完成，譯為“已經(jīng)??”。同時也可以使用排除法，arrive既可以使用現(xiàn)在進行時表示將來也可以用will + do表示將來，因此A和D同時排除，C為過去完成時，使用過去完成時時句中一定要有一般過去時，過去完成時是過去的過去，因此C也排除，選擇B.7.--Tommy is planning to buy a car.--I know.By next month, he _______ enough for a used one.A.saves

B.saved

C.will save

D.will have saved 答案 D 解析: 考查動詞的時態(tài)。句意為“——Tommy將計劃買車?！抑?，到下個月為止，他積攢的錢足夠買一輛舊車了?！眀y next month是將來完成時的標志，全句表示在將來next month之前完成“積攢足夠錢”的動作，對將來的時間next month產(chǎn)生影響，能買一輛舊車。故選D。

8.--That must have been a long trip.--Yeah, it ______ us a whole week to get there.A.takes

B.has taken

C.took

D.was taking 答案 C 解析: 考查動詞的時態(tài)。句意為“——那一定是長途旅行?！堑?，我們花了整整一周時間才趕到那兒?！鳖}干中must have done是對過去的肯定推測，提示時間在過去，描述過去的情況，排除A和B，D項was taking進行時態(tài)表將來，但事實上事情已發(fā)生，這與題意不符，因此選C。

9.When Alice came to, she did not know how long she ______ there.A.had been lying

B.has been lying

C.was lying

D.has lain 答案 A 解析: 考查動詞的時態(tài)。句意為“當Alice蘇醒過來時，她不知道她在那兒躺了多久了。”過去完成進行時主要表示持續(xù)到過去某時之前的動作。came to蘇醒過來是過去時，蘇醒前的情況是過去的過去，強調(diào)過去的過去里發(fā)生的事，故選A。

10.Planning so far ahead _ no sense--so many things will have changed by next year.A.made

B.is making

C.makes

D.has made 答案 C 解析: 考查動詞的時態(tài)。句意為“計劃這么超前毫無意義—到明年許多事情會發(fā)生變化的?！鼻熬浔硎粳F(xiàn)在的情況make no sense，后句表示到將來會產(chǎn)生的后果will have changed。一般現(xiàn)在時表示主語的特征或狀態(tài)。is making和has made表示具體的動作過程，故不選。因此選C。

第三篇：語法系列復(fù)習專題-----動詞時態(tài),被動語態(tài)

語法系列復(fù)習專題-----動詞時態(tài)，被動語態(tài) 一、一般現(xiàn)在時

1.一般現(xiàn)在時表示經(jīng)常發(fā)生、習慣性動作、客觀真理、科學事實、格言，目前的特征、狀態(tài)、能力等。

2.主句是一般將來時,時間、條件狀語從句中用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來。如：

I′ll go there after I finish my work./ If it rains tomorrow,I won′t go there.3.在以here,there開頭的句子里，go,come等少數(shù)動詞的一般在時表示正在發(fā)生的動作。例如：There goes the bell.鈴響了。There comes the bus.汽車來了。Here she comes.她來了。

二、現(xiàn)在進行時

1.表示正在進行的動作。

2.表示按計劃安排即將發(fā)生的動作。例如：She is leaving for Beijing.她要去北京。

He is working as a teacher tomorrow.從明天起他要做老師。My father is coming to see me this Saturday.這個星期六我爸爸要來看我。3.代替一般現(xiàn)在時，描繪更加生動。例如：The Changjiang River is flowing into the east.江水滾滾向東流。The sun is rising in the east.太陽從東方冉冉升起。

4.大多數(shù)動詞可用于進行時，但也有些動詞不用于進行時。常見的有：exist,live,understand,mean,owe,belong to ,know,doubt,suppose,remember,forget，believe,trust,want,wish,refuse,like,hate,dislike,prefer,mind,hope等。

三、現(xiàn)在完成時

1.表示過去發(fā)生的動作對現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的影響或結(jié)果，或說話時已完成的動作。例如：I have finished the report./ She has cleand the room.2.表示從過去開始，待續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)，往往和“for?”, “since?”表述的一段時間狀語連用。例如：He has learned English for six years./ They have worked here since they left college.3.現(xiàn)在完成時與一般過去時的區(qū)別：

1）用兩種時態(tài)來表述發(fā)生在過去的某一動作，現(xiàn)在完成時強調(diào)這一過去動作對現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的影響或結(jié)果，而一般過去時只表達過去的動作或狀態(tài)，和現(xiàn)在關(guān)系不大。例如：She has cleaned the room.It′s very clean now.(此句has cleaned就不能改為cleaned.一是因為cleaned與現(xiàn)狀無關(guān)，二是因為一般過去時不可突然跳到It′s?這樣的一般現(xiàn)在時。)

2）漢語中的“了”、“過”、“曾”等詞常用完成表達，如：I have seen that film.（我看過那部電影了。）但是如果是在特定的過去時間“看了”、“做過”，就不可用完成時而必須用一般過去進來表達。例如：When did you see that film? I saw it yesterday.(你什么時候看了那部電影？我昨天看的。)不能說：When have you seen that film?I have seen it yesterday.4.表示“曾經(jīng)到過某地（人已回來）”用“have/has been to”,表示“到某地去了（還未回來）”用“have/has gone to”.例如：

——Where is Li Hua? －He has gone to the reading-room.——She knows a lot about Shanghai.－She has been there.5.短暫動詞（即瞬間動詞），join, lose, buy, borrow, leave, go, come, arrive, die, marry, finish, complete, begin, start, break out等，在完成時態(tài)中，其肯定式不能和表示一段時間的狀語連用。例如不能說：He has finished the work for three hours.要翻譯“他已完成工作三小時了?！笨刹捎?）“ago法”：He finished the work three hours ago.2）“延續(xù)法”：He has been through(with)the work for three hours.3）“since法”：It is/has been three hours since he finished the work.四、現(xiàn)在完成進行時

1.用來表示從過去某一時刻開始一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在（或今后還要繼續(xù)一去）的動作。例如：He has been doing the maths problems since 8:00./ It has been raining for two days.2.凡是不能用于現(xiàn)在進行時的動詞均不能用于現(xiàn)成完成進行時。五、一般過去時

表達特定的過去時間內(nèi)發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀況，或過去某一時間內(nèi)經(jīng)常發(fā)生或反復(fù)發(fā)生的動作或行為。

六、過去進行時

1.表示過去某一時刻或某一段時間內(nèi)正在進行的動作（這一過去時間須用時間狀語表示）。例如：He was preparing his lecture all day yesterday.2.表示動作在另一過去動作發(fā)生時進行。例如：They were still working when I left.3.用在兩個過去進行時動作同時發(fā)生。例如：I was writing while he was watching TV.4.表示過去將來動作。例如：He said she was arriving the next day.七、過去完成時

1.表示在過去某一時間以前已經(jīng)完成的動作。例如：He had shut the door before the dog came up./ Everything had been all right up till this morning.2.表示動作或狀態(tài)從過去某個時刻開始一直延續(xù)到另一個過去時刻才完成，甚至還要繼續(xù)下去。例如：At the age of ten,he had learned 500 English words.He had been ill for a week when we learned about it.3.常用hope,expect,think,intend,want,suppose等動詞的過去完成時來表示未實現(xiàn)的希望、打算或意圖。例如：We had expected that you would be able to win the match.八、一般將來時

一般將來時表示將來要發(fā)生的動作和存在的狀況。有下列一些形式： 1.will/shall do（側(cè)重將來行為，不突出計劃安排去做某事）2.be going to do(主觀上打算或客觀上可能發(fā)生)

3.be doing(按計劃將要發(fā)生，常和表示最近的將來時間連用)4.be about to do(按計劃即將發(fā)生)

九、將來完成時

用來表示在將來某個時刻（前）將完成的動作。常和by短語，when,before引起的時間狀語連用。例如：We will have finished senior Book 2 by the end of this term.時態(tài)考點分析

1．——Can I join your club,dad?

——You can when you______a bit older.(NMET)

A.get B.will get C.are getting D.will have got 析：“You can”是將來意，when引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句要用一般現(xiàn)在時表將來所以此題答案為A.2．——Oh,it’s you!I______you.——I’ve just had my hair cut and I’m wearing new glasses.A.didn’t recognize B.hadn’t recognized C.haven’t recognized D.don’t recongnize

析：從“Oh,it’s you!”可知說話時已認出對方?！皼]有認出”是在此之前為過去情況，所以應(yīng)選A.3.I don’t think Jim saw me;he______into space.(NMET)A.just stared B.was just staring C.has just stared D.had just stared

析：在空白處應(yīng)選一個與“saw”相配，能解釋Jim didn’t see me 這一原因的選項，只有著眼于A、B。若選A不能體觀他“當時正在做”某事，故排除A而選B。這樣因為“他正在望宇宙天空”所以“未看到我”。4.——______my glasses?

——Yes,I saw them on your bed a minute ago.(NMET)

A.Do you see B.Had you seen C.Would you see D.Have you seen 析：現(xiàn)在完成時可表過去發(fā)生的事情對現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的影響或結(jié)果，問話人以這樣的時態(tài)發(fā)問可作現(xiàn)焦急的心情。故答案為D。

5.You don’t need to describe her.I______her several times.(NMET)A.had met B.have met C.met D.meet 析：答案B。道理同4。

6.——Do you know our town at all?

——No,this is the first time I______here.A.was B.have been C.came D.am going 析：根據(jù)this/it is the first/second/?time sb.has done sth.句型，可定答案為B。又如：This is the second time he has visited the Great Wall.7.I don’t really work here.I______until the new secretary arrives.(NMET)A.just help out B.have just helped out C.am just helping out D.will just help out 析：根據(jù)I don′t really work here.以及?until the new secretary arrives,可知說話人所要做的事是計劃安排行為，C、D兩個選項都表將來動作，但D非計劃安排，C則體現(xiàn)按計劃去做，所以此題答案為C。8.——Is this raincoat yours?

——No, mine______ there behind the door.(NMET)A.is hanging B.has hung C.hangs D.hung

析：此題的“懸掛”是指現(xiàn)狀而言，故表過去“掛”的B、D項可排除。C項雖指“現(xiàn)在掛”，但側(cè)重在常規(guī)，習慣。為了突出“你所指的那件雨衣不是我的，我的正掛在門后”這一意思，選A是極為合情理的。

被動語態(tài)

一、被動語態(tài)的句型

1.常見句式是：主語（受動者）＋be＋過去分詞＋（by＋施動者）

例如：He was scolded by the English teacher.2.主語＋get＋過去分詞＋其它成分 例如：The boy got drowned last summer./ She got fired because of her faults.注意：使用這種結(jié)構(gòu)不能帶有“by＋施動者”

3.帶有雙賓語（直接賓語和間接賓語）的主動句變?yōu)閯泳?，其主語可以是直接賓語，也可以是間接賓語。例如：She lent me a bike.?被動：1）I was lent a bike(by her).2）A bike was lent to me(by her).4.情態(tài)動詞＋be＋過去分詞

例如：This problem must be worked out in half an hour.5.雙重被動式：主語＋被動式謂語＋不定式的被動式＋其它成分

例如；These magazines are not allowed to be taken out of the reading-room./The murderer was ordered to be shot.二、主動表示被動的幾種情況

1.不及物動詞與狀語連用，用以表示主語的品質(zhì)和狀態(tài)。常見動詞是：cut,sell,read,write,fill,cook,lock,wash,drive,keep等。例如：This knife cuts well.這把刀好切。These books sell well.這些書好賣。The pen writes smoothly.這支筆寫起來流暢。Meat won′t keep long in such hot weather.肉在這樣熱的天氣里放不長久。The cloth washes well.這種布好洗。

2.一些連系動詞的主動式＋形容詞。常見動look,smell,taste,sound,feel,prove,turn out等。例如：The apples taste good./The flower smells wonderful./The news proved/turned out true./Cotton feels soft.注：prove也可用于被動式，如：His answer(was)proved right.3.不定式在某些形容詞之后，且與主語有動賓關(guān)系。常見形容詞有：hard,defficult,easy,heavy,fit,good,comfortable,convenient,impossible等。例如：The problem is easy to do./The question is difficult to answer./The box is heavy to carry./The project is impossible to complete in a year.比較：The problem is to be done./The question is to be answered.沒有形容詞時，雖然不定式與主語是動賓關(guān)系，但必須用被動式。

三、容易誤用被動語態(tài)的幾種情況：

1.I teach myself French.不可變?yōu)镸yself is taught French.因為反身代詞不可作主語。

2.We help each other/one another.不可變?yōu)镋ach other/One another is helped by us.因為相互代詞不可作主語。

3.He lost heart.不可變?yōu)镠eart was lost by him.因為象lose heart,make a face,keep silence,lose in thought這類動賓結(jié)構(gòu)的固定短語只能用于主動式，不能用被動式。

4.She took part in the sports meet.不能變?yōu)門he sports meet was taken part in by her.因為象take part in,belong to ,own,have,hate,fail,contain等表狀態(tài)動詞沒有被動語態(tài)。

被動語態(tài)考點分析

1.I need one more stamp before my collection______.(NMET)

A.has completed B.completes C.has been completed D.is completed

析：complete是及物動詞，“郵集”是被人完成的，須從表被動意的C、D中選擇。又因before等引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句中謂語要用一般現(xiàn)在時表將來，所以此題答案為D。

2.——Do you like the material?

——Yes,it______very soft.(NMET)

A.is feeling B.felt C.feels D.is felt

析：觀察題干，空白線后無賓語，可知feel是不及物動詞，表“（某物）摸起來?”意思,是連系動詞，不能用于被動式，也不用進行時。根據(jù)此題對話情景，是指某種材料的常規(guī)特性，要用一般現(xiàn)在時，不能用過去時，故答案為C。feel作“感覺”、“認為”、“摸”等意時是及物動詞，可帶賓語，有時態(tài)，語態(tài)等變化。

3．Great changes______ in the city, and a lot of factories______.(NMET)A.have been taken place?have been set up B.have taken place?have been set up C.have taken place?have set up D.were taken place?were set up

析：take place（發(fā)生）是不及物動詞，不可用于被動語態(tài)，于是可排除A、D，又因set up(建造)是及物動詞，在此題中應(yīng)該用被動式，故排除C，答案為B。4.Most of the artists______to the party were from South Africa.(NMET)A.invited B.to invite C.being invited D.had been invited 析：首先可排除B。因為它不表示“被邀請”。又因D項少引導(dǎo)詞who，也應(yīng)排除。A項＝who were invited,C項＝who were being invited,由象invite這類短暫動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞被動式不可作后置定語，故也應(yīng)排除。因而可定答案為A。5.I don′t know the restaurant,but it′s______to be quite a good one.(NMET)A.said B.told C.spoken D.talked

析：根據(jù)“某人/某物據(jù)說?”英文句式為“sb/sth.is said?”可定答案為A。又如：He is said to be a clever boy.據(jù)說他是一個聰明的男孩。6.The police found that the house______and a lot of things______.(NMET)A.has broken into?has been stolen B.has broken into?had been stolen C.has been broken into?stolen D.had been broken into?stolen 析：“房屋被人闖入”，“東西被偷”都是被動語態(tài)，故可排除A、B。因C項中的has been broken into不能置于found之后，則答案只能是D。7.I promise that the matter will______.(NMET)

A.be taden care B.be taken care of C.take care D.take care of 析：take care of?是固定短語，若無of則不可帶賓語，只能跟that從句。所以此題答案為B。

8.If city noises______from increasing,people____shout to be heard even at the dinner table 20 years from now.(NMET)

A.are not kept?will have to B.are not kept?have to C.do not keep?will have to D.do not keep?have to

析：觀察題干，第一處必須用被動式，答案只能在A、B中選一。條件句用一般現(xiàn)在時，主句應(yīng)為一般將來時，故答案為A。

9.The Olympic Games,____in 776 BC,did not include women players until 1912.(NMET)

A.first playing B.to be first played C.first played D.to be first playing

析；要表達“被舉行”，只能在B、C中選。B意“將要首次舉行”。顯然不合in 776 BC這一過去時間，只有C，first played(＝which was first played)才合用。故答案為C。

10.This sentence needs______.A.a improvement B.improve C.improving D.improved 析：初看此題似手A、C皆可，但improvement是元音開頭詞，其前要用an,故排除。need作實義動詞，和require,want一樣，后面可跟doing或to be done 表“需要被?”意。如：The door needs/wants/requires painting/to be painted.(這扇門需要漆一下。)11.I should very much like to have gone to the party,but I______invited.A.am not B.haven′t been C.was not D.will not be

析：should/would like to have done sth.意“本想做某事”，例如：I should like to have seen the film,but it wasn′t possible.由于這種句式表示“過去想”，所以but后的句子也應(yīng)該是過去時態(tài)與之相配合，故此題答案是C。12.——______the note______to Mr Smith?

——No,It is still in my pocket.A.Is?being given B.Was?given C.Has?been given D.Hasn′t?been given 析：根據(jù)問句與答句，問話人顯然是注重結(jié)果，故要用現(xiàn)在完成時。似乎D作為反詰句“難道條還沒給史密斯先生嗎？”也成立，但若是這種口氣發(fā)問，答話人就應(yīng)答“Sorry.It is still in my pocket.”,所以此題答案應(yīng)為C。13.We heard it______that he had gone to New York.A.say B.said C.to say D.be said

析：It was said that?可以改為We heard it said that?(都表示“據(jù)說?”之意)。前一種說法中It 是形式主語，后一種說法中it是形式賓語。故此題答案為B。

動詞時態(tài)、語態(tài)專練

1.The maths problem can be______.A.easy worked out B.easy to be worked out C.easily worked out D.easily to work out

2.Every possible means______,but none proves successful.A.has been tried B.tried C.is being tried D.has tried 3.The girl is to______a rich man.A.marry with B.be married C.marry to D.be married to 4.He received a telegram that______“Mother sick”.A.wrote B.says C.reads D.read

5.Who can you imagine______to his wedding party?

A.inviting B.being invited C.was invited D.to be invited

6.I______ten minutes to decide whether I should reject the offer.(NMET)A.gave B.was given C.was giving D.had given 7.——Will somebody go and get Dr.White?

——He′s already been______.(NMET)

A.asked for B.sent for C.called for D.looked for

8.A conductor______to keep us in time in the singing yesterday.A.needs B.is needing C.was needed D.has been needed 9.When and where to build the new factory______yet.A.is not decided B.are not decided C.has not decided D.have not decided

10.Ways______to stop pollution by now.A.must find B.will be found C.are found D.have been found 11.I don′t want anything______about it.A.to say B.said C.saying D.having said 12.——______that the sports meet might be put off.——Yes,it all depends on the weather.A.I′ve been told B.I′ve told C.I′m told D.I told

13.A library with five thousand books______to the nation as a gift.(NMET)A.is offered B.has offered C.are offered D.have offered 14.Betty has never been heard _______ill of others.A.speak B.spoken C.to speak D.was said

15.Tom______to have delivered the speech in their theatre room.A.said B.says C.is said D.was said 16.——What do you think of the book?

——Oh,excellent.It′s worth______a second time.(NMET)A.to read B.to be read C.reading D.being read

17.Little Jim should love______to the theatre this evening.(NMET)A.to be taken B.to take C.being taken D.taking.18.______more attention,the trees could have grown better.(NMET)A.Given B.to give C.Giving D.Having given 19.——where______the book?I can’t see it anywhere.——I______it right here but now it’s gone.A.did you put;have put B.have you put;put

C.had you put;was putting D.were you putting;have put 20.He would not fail so long as he______hard the next term.A.studied B.would study C.had studied D.studies 21.How long______the English party______?

A.has;been lasted B.did;last C.was;lasted D.will;be lasted 22.What______you______this time next Friday?

A.will;do B.have;been doing C.are;doing D.will;be doing 23.Hardly______the bell______when the teacher came in.A.did;ring B.would;ring C.has;rung D.had;rung 24.It______and the streets were still wet.A.had been raining B.rained C.had been rained D.would rain 25.The book____on the ground for ten minutes but no noe has picked it up.A.is lying B.has lain C.lay D.has been lying 26.We______there when it______to rain.A.were getting;would begin B.were about to get;began C.had got;had begun D.would get;began

27.The teacher said we______ten lessons by the end of this term.A.should have studied B.were going to study C.have studied D.should study

28.——she told me she had met you in London last year.——______you______her since?

A.Had;met B.Did;see C.Would;meet D.Have;seen 29.——When______again?

——When he______,I’ll let you know.A.will he come;will come B.will he come;come C.he comes;comes D.will he come;comes 30.Tom______for more than a week.A.has left B.had gone away C.went away D.has been away 31.——What happened to her teeth?

——She______the apple more than she could chew.A.has bitten B.bit C.had been bitting D.bites

32.Shakespeare was said______37 famous plays in his lifetime.A.finishing writing B.to finish writing C.having written D.to have written

33.——You’ve agreed to go.So why aren’t you getting ready?

——But I______that you______me to start at once.A.don’t realize;want B.don’t realize;wanted C.haven’t realized;want D.didn’t realize;wanted 34.——I missed the lecture last night.——Oh,what a pity!I wish______.A.you heared it B.you had heard it

C.you never heard it D.you hadn’t heard it

35.I’ll return the book to the library as soon as I______it.A.finished B.am going to finish C.will finish D.have finished 36.——Your phone number again?I______quite catch it.——It’s 9586442.(NMET)

A.didn’t B.couldn’t C.don’t D.can’t 37.——I’m sorry to keep you waiting.——Oh,not at all.I______here only a few minutes.A.have been B.had been C.was D.will be

38.When I was at college.I______three foreign languages,but I______all except a few words of each.A.spoke;had forgotten B.spoke;have forgotten

C.had spoedn;had forgotten D.had spoken;have forgotten

39.The new secretary is supposed to report to the manager as soon as she______.A.will arrive B.arrives C.is going to arrive D.is arriving(NMET)

40.——Who is Jerry Cooper?

——______?I saw you shaking hands with him at the meeting.(NMET)A.Don’t you meet him yet B.Hadn’t you met him yet C.Didn’t you meet him yet D.Haven’t you met him yet 41.——We could have walked to the station.It was so near.——Yes,a taxi______at all necessary.(NMET)

A.wasn’t B.hadn’t been C.wouldn’t be D.won’t be

42.We haven’t heard from Jane for a long time.What do you suppose______to her?(NEMT)

A.was happening B.to happen C.has haqqend D.having happened 43.On Saturday afternoon,Mrs Green went to the market,______some bananas and visited her cousin.(NMET)

A.bought B.buying C.to buy D.buy

44.As she______the newspaper,Granny______asleep.(NMET)A.read;was falling B.was reading;fell C.was reading;was falling D.read;fell

45.I______the bad cold for a week,still I can’t get rid of it.A.caught B.have caught C.have D.have had 46.I______the time______so quickly.A.didn’t realize;had passed B.don’t realize;passed

C.haven’t realized;passed D.hadn’t realized;had passed

47.——My watch______twelve o’clock.It’s so late.——Let’s hurry up.A.is said B.says C.is told D.tells

48.Helen______her key in the office so she had to wait her husband_____home.(NMET)

A.has left;comes B.left;had come C.had left;came D.had left;would come 49.The pen I______I______is on my desk,right under my nose.(NMET)

A.think;lost B.thought;had lost C.think;had lost D.thought;have lost 50.——Jane has just arrived.——I didn’t know she______.A.is coming B.was coming C.had been coming D.will come

動詞時態(tài)、語態(tài)專練答案

1－5 C A D D C 6－10 B B C A D 11－15 B A A C C 16－20 C A A B A

21－25 B D D A D 26－30 B A D D D 31－35 B D D B D 36－40 A A B B D

41－45 A C A B D 46－50 A B C B B

第四篇：英語語法—動詞時態(tài)（推薦）

動詞時態(tài)

英語語法中的時態(tài)（tense）是一種動詞形式，不同的時態(tài)用以表示不同的時間與方式。動詞時態(tài)是表示行為、動作和狀態(tài)在各種時間條件下的動詞形式。因此，當我們說時態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)的時候，指的是相應(yīng)時態(tài)下的動詞形式。

所謂“時”就是行為發(fā)生的時段或狀態(tài)存在的時段，即：“現(xiàn)在、進行、過去、將來”四種；所謂“態(tài)”就是行為或狀態(tài)發(fā)生時所呈現(xiàn)的狀態(tài)，有一般狀態(tài)、進行狀態(tài)、完成狀態(tài)和完成進行狀態(tài)四種。由時態(tài)結(jié)合，便形成下列十六種時態(tài)： 一般現(xiàn)在時，一般過去時，一般將來時，一般過去將來時； 現(xiàn)在進行時，過去進行時，將來進行時，過去將來進行時； 現(xiàn)在完成時，過去完成時，將來完成時，過去將來完成時；

現(xiàn)在完成進行時，過去完成進行時，將來完成進行時，過去將來完成進行時． 一般現(xiàn)在時

1.概念：表示經(jīng)常發(fā)生的情況、有規(guī)律出現(xiàn)的情況、總是發(fā)生的事和事實真理。2.時間狀語：Always, usually, often, sometimes, every week(day, year, month?），once a week(day, year, month?），on Sundays（on Mondays ?）.3.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：主語 + do/does +其他；（如主語為第三人稱單數(shù)，動詞上要改為第三人稱單數(shù)形式）。

4.否定形式：主語 + am/is/are + not + 其他（此時態(tài)的謂語動詞若為行為動詞，則在其前加don't，如主語為第三人稱單數(shù)，則用doesn't，同時還原行為動詞）。5.一般疑問句：把be動詞放于句首；用助動詞do提問，如主語為第三人稱單數(shù)，則用does，同時，還原行為動詞。6.例句：（1）It seldom snows here.這里很少下雪。

（2）He is always ready to help others.他總是樂于幫助別人。（3）Action speaks louder than words.事實勝于雄辯。一般過去時

1.概念：過去某個時間里發(fā)生的動作或狀態(tài)；過去習慣性、經(jīng)常性的動作、行為。

2.時間狀語：ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week, last(year, night, month?），in 1989,just now, at the age of 5,one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc.3.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：主語 + 動詞的過去式或be的過去式+名詞。

4.否定形式：主語 + was/were + not + 其他(在行為動詞前加didn't，同時還原行為動詞)。5.一般疑問句：was或were放于句首；用助動詞do的過去式did 提問，同時還原行為動詞。6.例句：（1）She often came to help us in those days.那些天她經(jīng)常來幫助我們。（2）I didn't know you were so busy.我不知道你是這么忙。一般將來時

1.概念：表示將要發(fā)生的動作、打算、計劃或準備做某事。

2.標志：Tomorrow, soon, in a few minutes,，the day after tomorrow, etc.3.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：（1）主語 + am/is/are + going to + do sth（2）主語 + will/shall + do + do sth 4.否定句：在系動詞is/am/are或情態(tài)動詞will/shall后加not 5.一般疑問句：be放于句首；will/shall提到句首。{首字母大寫} 6.例句：They are going to have a competition with us in studies.他們將有一場比賽和我們一起研究。

It is going to rain.天要下雨了。一般過去將來時

1.概念：立足于過去某一時刻，從過去看將來，常用于賓語從句中。2.時間狀語：The next day(morning , year?），the following month(week?），etc.3.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：主語 + was/were + going to + do + 其它；主語 + would/should + do +其它 4.否定形式：主語 + was/were + not + going to + do;主語 + would/should + not + do.5.一般疑問句：was或were放于句首；would/should 提到句首。6.例句：（1）He said he would go to Beijing the next day.他說他第二天要去北京。（2）I asked who was going there.我問，誰要去那里?，F(xiàn)在進行時

1.概念：表示現(xiàn)階段或說話時正在進行的動作及行為。2.時間狀語：Now, at this time, days, etc.look, listen 3.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+ be + doing + 其它

4.否定形式：主語 + be + not +doing + 其它 5.一般疑問句：把be動詞放于句首。

6.例句：How are you feeling today? 你今天感覺如何？ He is doing well in his lessons.在課上他表現(xiàn)得很好。過去進行時

1.概念：表示過去某段時間或某一時刻正在發(fā)生或進行的行為或動作。

2.時間狀語：at this time yesterday, at that time或以when引導(dǎo)的謂語動詞是一般過去時的時間狀語等。

3.基本結(jié)構(gòu)主語+was/were +doing +其它

4.否定形式：主語+was/were + not +doing+其它 5.一般疑問句：把was或were放于句首。（第一個字母大寫）

6.例句：At that time she was working in a PLA unit.那段時間她在人民解放軍部隊工作。When he came in, I was reading a newspaper.他進來時，我正在讀報紙。將來進行時

1.概念：表示將來某一時間正在進行的動作，或表示要在將來某一時間開始，并繼續(xù)下去的動作。常用來表示詢問、請求等。

2.時間狀語：Soon, tomorrow, this evening，on Sunday, by this time，in two days, tomorrow evening 3.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：主語 + shall/will + be + 現(xiàn)在分詞 + 其它

4.否定形式：主語 + shall/will + not + be + 現(xiàn)在分詞 + 其它

5.例句：This time next day they will be sitting in the cinema.下一天的這個時間，他們正坐在電影院。

He won’t be coming to the party.他不去參加聚會了。過去將來進行時 1.概念：表示就過去某一時間而言，將來某一時刻或某一段時間正在進行的動作，主要用于賓語從句中，尤其多用于間接引語中。2.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：should/would + be + 現(xiàn)在分詞

3.例句：They said they would be coming.他們說了他們將要來。

He said he could not come because he would be having a meeting.他說他不能來因為要開會?，F(xiàn)在完成時

1.概念：過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果，或從過去已經(jīng)開始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)。2.時間狀語：yet, already ,just, never, ever, so far, by now, since + 時間點，for + 時間段，recently, lately, in the past few years, etc.3.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：主語 + have/has + p.p（過去分詞）+ 其它

4.否定形式：主語 + have/has + not + p.p（過去分詞）+ 其它 5.一般疑問句：have或has放句首。

6.例句：I've written an article.我已經(jīng)寫了一篇論文。

The countryside has changed a lot in the past few years.在過去的幾年，農(nóng)村發(fā)生了巨大的變化。過去完成時

1.概念：以過去某個時間為標準，在此以前發(fā)生的動作或行為，或在過去某動作之前完成的行為，即“過去的過去”。

2.時間狀語：Before, by the end of last year(term, month?），etc.3.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：主語 + had + p.p（過去分詞）+ 其它

4.否定形式：主語 + had + not +p.p（過去分詞）+ 其它 5.一般疑問句：had放于句首。

6.例句：As soon as we got to the station, the train had left.當我們到車站的時候，火車已經(jīng)開走了。

By the end of last month, we had reviewed four books.到上個月底，我們已經(jīng)復(fù)習了四本書?；窘Y(jié)構(gòu)：主語 + had + p.p（過去分詞）+ 其它 ①肯定句：主語 + had + p.p（過去分詞）+ 其它

②否定句：主語 + had + not + p.p（過去分詞）+ 其它 ③一般疑問句：Had +主語 + p.p（過去分詞）+其它 ④特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞 + 一般疑問句 將來完成時

1.概念：在將來某一時刻之前開始的動作或狀態(tài)。

2.時間狀語：by the time of;by the end of + 時間短語（將來）；by the time + 從句（將來）3.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：主語 + be going to/will/shall + have + p.p（過去分詞）+ 其它 4例句：By the time you get back, great changes will have taken place in this area.到你回來的時候，就將發(fā)生巨大的變化。過去將來完成時

1.概念：表示在過去某一時間對將來某一時刻以前所會發(fā)生的動作，常用在虛擬語氣中，表示與過去的事實相反。

2.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：should/would have done sth.3.例句：I thought you'd have left by this time.我想這會兒你已經(jīng)走了。

He told them he would have finished it by 8 o'clock.他告訴他們他會在8點以前干完。現(xiàn)在完成進行時

1.概念：表示從過去某一時間開始一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作。這一動作可能剛剛開始，也可能仍在繼續(xù)，并可能延續(xù)到將來。

2.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：主語 + have/has + been + doing + 其它 3.時間狀語：since + 時間點，for + 時間段等。

4.例子：I have been sitting here for an hour.我已經(jīng)在這里坐了一個小時。

The children have been watching TV since six o'clock.從6點起，孩子們一直看電視。過去完成進行時

1.概念：表示某個正在進行的動作或狀態(tài)，持續(xù)到過去某個時刻，還未完成，一直持續(xù)到之后的當前才結(jié)束。

2.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：主語 + had + been + doing + 其它

3.例子：She had been suffering from a bad cold when she took the exam.她在考試之前一直患重感冒。

Had they been expecting the news for some time? 他們期待這個消息有一段時間了吧？ 4.特殊含義：①尚未完成：He had been writing the novel.他已經(jīng)在寫小說了。（他沒寫完）②企圖：He had been studying the meaning of this proverb.他曾經(jīng)學習過這個諺語。（他曾努力學習過它）③未得結(jié)果：We had been studying what our enemy had said.我們一直致力于敵人所說的。（但是我們沒有理解）

④最近情況：He had been quarrelling with his wife.他和他的妻子吵了一場架。（最近）⑤反復(fù)動作：He had been asking me the same question.他一直問我相同的問題。（屢次）⑥情緒：What had he been doing？他做了什么 將來完成進行時

1.概念：表示動作從某一時間開始一直延續(xù)到將來某一時間。是否繼續(xù)下去，要視上下文而定。

2.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：shall/will have been doing 3.例子：I shall have been working here in this factory for twenty years by the end of the year.到今年年底，我將在這個工廠工作20年了。

If we don't hurry up the store will have been closing before we get there.咱們?nèi)绮豢煲稽c兒，等我們到了那兒，店門就會關(guān)了。過去將來完成進行時

1.概念：表示從過去某時看至未來某時以前會一直在進行的動作。2.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：should/would + have + been +現(xiàn)在分詞

3.例子：He told me that by the end of the year he would have been living there for thirty years.他告訴我，到年底時，他就在那住了30年了。

第五篇：英語動詞時態(tài)講解教案

英語動詞時態(tài)講解（共5課時）

一：總述：動詞的構(gòu)成（5種）與時態(tài)（8種）二：分述：

動詞的構(gòu)成 1.be 動詞

1)be動詞的幾種形式: am is are

was were

being

Been 2)與名詞、數(shù)詞、形容詞、介詞連用 1)I am a doctor.2)He is ten.3)They are tired.4)The cat is under the table.3)There be 句型

用于不可數(shù)名詞和可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)之前

There is a pen on the desk.There is some water in the glass.用于復(fù)數(shù)名詞之前 There are some sheep in the hill.用于一般將來時 There is going to be a film in our school next Sunday.用于一般過去時 There was a book on the desk yesterday.注意：請根據(jù)時態(tài)和句中的名詞選擇適當形式。4)Be 動詞在時態(tài)中的運用

在現(xiàn)在進行時中 We are talking.在過去進行時中 We were talking at this time yesterday 2.助動詞

1)幾種形式

1.do /don’t 2.Does/ doesn’t 3.Did/ didn’t 4.will /won’t

5.have haven’t /has hasn’t/had hadn’t 2)對句子進行否定和疑問

1)Do you get up early every day? 2)I didn’t have lunch yesterday.3)Will you be back soon? 4)He hasn’t finished the work yet.在反意疑問句中

5)He works in a school, doesn’t he? 6)She has never been there,has she? 在倒裝句中

7)They helped the farmers , so did we.8)I won’t visit the famous singer,neither will he.3.情態(tài)動詞共同特點: 情態(tài)動詞后面跟動詞原型，無論否定、疑問、倒裝句、或反意疑問句都用情態(tài)動詞 1 只有時態(tài)變化，沒有人稱變化。解釋: can / could 在表示請求允許的時候兩者和互換，could比can語氣更委婉。

Can I help you?

Could you open the window? 在表示有能力作某事時，could是can的過去式。I can swim.I could swim at the age of five.Must /have to

Must 表示主觀意愿，否定句用Mustn’t，否定回答用needn’t

I must go now.You mustn’t play in the street.Must I clean the room now?

No,you needn’t.have to表示客觀條件的限制的“不得不”，它有時態(tài)和人稱變化，需要助動詞來否定和疑問。I don’t have to carry the big box.He had to wash his clothes.May

表示請求別人允許。May I use your bike? 表示可能性。

He may be a teacher.He may live in this building.4.系動詞

我們所學過的系動詞是

1.Get，turn，be come，be動詞

2.感觀動詞look，sound，smell，taste，feel 系動詞只和形容詞連用，構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)

3.I feel hungry.4.The day gets longer and longer.5.He looked happy.5.實義動詞

實義動詞指的是有具體行為意思的動詞。

實義動詞在句中可以做謂語動詞和非謂語動詞。做謂語動詞的用法：

動詞會有四種形式：單三，現(xiàn)在分詞，過去式，過去分詞 注意：掌握四種形式的變化規(guī)律 1)He works in the office.2)We are dancing together.3)I caught a cold last week.4)She has watered the flower.做非謂語動詞的用法（指出現(xiàn)在謂語動詞之后的動詞，它受前面謂語動詞的限制）動詞會有三種形式：

1)原型(do)2)動名詞(doing)3)不定式(to do)1）用原型：let sb.do

make sb.do

help sb.(to)do

had better do 2）用動名詞：like doing

enjoy doing

finish doing 介詞之后用動名詞 be good at doing

what about doing

thank you for doing

3）用不定式：want to do

decide to do

plan to do

would like to do learn to do

tell sb.(not)to do

ask sb.(not)to do ? 注意下列詞不同形式的不同用法:

remember doing/to do

forget doing/to do

stop doing/to do

go on doing/to do

動詞的時態(tài) 一．一般現(xiàn)在時

表示一般情況和經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動作。時間狀語為

1.every day 或 every 引導(dǎo)的時間狀語

2.often，always，usually 3.動詞碰到第三人稱單數(shù)時，要加 “s” work-> works 輔音字母和“y”結(jié)尾的詞，如carry-> carries 以s、x、ch、sh結(jié)尾的加“es”，如wash-> washes go-> goes

do-> does

have-> has 4.例句：

He goes to school on foot every day.We often have supper at home.She doesn’t do her work every Sunday.二．一般將來時

1.表示將來發(fā)生的動作。2.時間狀語：

5.next 引導(dǎo)的詞組

6.tomorrow 引導(dǎo)的詞組 7.the day after tomorrow 3.動詞變化：will + 動詞原型 4.例句

I will visit you tomorrow.He won’t come back next week.三．一般過去時

1.指過去發(fā)生的動作或事情 2.時間狀語：

動詞變化：動詞變成過去式，動詞加“ed”

Play-> played 輔音字母和“y”結(jié)尾的詞，如carry-> carried 重讀閉音節(jié)的單詞，雙寫最后一個字母，再加ed

stop-> stopped 不規(guī)則動詞見書后動詞表 4.例句

1)He bought a book yesterday.2)I watched a match last week.3)He left here two days ago.四．現(xiàn)在進行時：

1.表示正在發(fā)生的動作。

2.時間狀語：now /Look… /Listen… 3.由be動詞＋動詞ing構(gòu)成

4.動詞變化加ing

clean-> cleaning 3.1）2）3）4）yesterday 引導(dǎo)的詞組 ago 引導(dǎo)的詞組 last 引導(dǎo)的詞組

the day before yesterday 3 以不發(fā)音“e”結(jié)尾的，去掉字母“e”，再加ing

make-> making 重讀閉音節(jié)的單詞，雙寫最后一個字母，再加ing

swim-> swimming 5.例句

1)The boys are playing now.2)Look!They are planting trees.3)Listen!He is singing.五．現(xiàn)在完成時

1.動詞變化 動詞變成過去分詞加ed

Play-> played 輔音字母和“y”結(jié)尾的詞，如carry-> carried 重讀閉音節(jié)的單詞，雙寫最后一個字母，再加ed

stop-> stopped 不規(guī)則動詞見書后動詞表

2.動詞由have（has）+ 過去分詞 構(gòu)成

表示動作已經(jīng)完成 He has left.I have already had a rest.表示動作不僅已經(jīng)完成，還要持續(xù)（在這個用法當中，動詞要用延續(xù)性動詞，與for引導(dǎo)的一段時間和since引導(dǎo)的短語連用）He has been away for two days.I have already taught in this school since 1990.The bird has been dead for a month.We have made lots of friends since we came here.六．過去進行時

1.指在過去的某一個時間正在發(fā)生的動作。2.時間狀語

1)at this time yesterday 2)at five o’clock yesterday afternoon 3.動詞由be動詞+動詞ing形式構(gòu)成

4.例句：He was watching TV at this time yesterday.七．過去將來時

1.指對過去的某一個時間來講，將要發(fā)生的動作。2.動詞由would+動詞原型構(gòu)成。3.例句：

He would go to the park the next day.He said he would work hard next term.八．過去完成時

1.指對過去的某一個時間來講，已經(jīng)發(fā)生的動作。2.動詞由had+過去分詞構(gòu)成。3.例句：

she had borrowed a book before she went to the park.We had learned many new words by the end of last term.教后反思：