第一篇：最常見的英語英語合同翻譯

最常見的英語英語合同翻譯

鑒于現(xiàn)在對外交流事例逐漸增多,英文合同特別是經(jīng)濟合同的翻譯愈顯重要,若譯文不準(zhǔn)確或不嚴(yán)謹(jǐn),勢必會引起不必要的經(jīng)濟糾紛.故今以一英文合同寫作書籍為藍(lán)本,錄入一些有益文字,希望大家共同提高英文合同的翻譯和寫作。

合同文件是合同雙方簽訂并必須遵守的法律文件,因此合同中的語言應(yīng)體現(xiàn)其權(quán)威性.英文合同用語的特點之一就表現(xiàn)在用詞上,即選擇那些法律用詞,以及正式用詞,使合同表達(dá)的意思準(zhǔn)確無誤,達(dá)到雙方對合同中使用的詞無可爭議的程度。

一.hereby

英文釋義:by means of , by reason of this

中文譯詞:特此,因此,茲

用法:常用于法律文件、合同、協(xié)議書等正式文件的開頭語；在條款中需要強調(diào)時也可用。語法：一般置于主語后,緊鄰主語.例1：

The Employer hereby covenants to pay the Contractor in consideration of the execution and completion of the Works and the remedying of defects therein the Contract Price or such other sum as may become payable under the provisions of the Contract at the time and in the manner prescribed by the Contract.參考譯文:

業(yè)主特此立約保證在合同規(guī)定的期限內(nèi),按合同規(guī)定的方式向承包人支付合同價,或合同規(guī)定的其它應(yīng)支付的款項,以作為本工程施工、竣工及修補工程中缺陷的報酬。

注釋:

(1)hereby: by reason of this 特此

(2)covenant: v.make a formal agreement 立約,簽訂合同、條約;n.legal agreement具有法律約束的正式合同

(3)completion of the Works: 工程的竣工

(4)therein: in the Works在本工程中

(5)the Contract Price: 合同總價,指工程的總造價

(6)such...as: 關(guān)系代詞,相當(dāng)于that, which

(7)under: in accordance with 根據(jù),按照

(8)the provisions of the Contract: terms and conditions of the Contract合同條款

例2：

We hereby certify to the best of our knowledge that the foregoing statement is true and correct and all available information and data have been supplied herein, and that we agree to provide documentary proof upon your request.注釋：

（1）hereby：特此

（2）to the best of our knowledge：as far as we know據(jù)我們所知

（3）foregoing statement：above-mentioned statement上述聲明

（4）herein：in this, in the statement在聲明中

（5）documentary proof：證明文件

參考譯文：

特此證明，據(jù)我們所知，上述聲明內(nèi)容真實，正確無誤，并提供了全部現(xiàn)有的資料和數(shù)據(jù)，我們同意，應(yīng)貴方要求出具證明文件。

例3：

This Contract is hereby made and concluded by and betweenCo.(hereinafter referred to as Party A)andCo.(hereinafter referred to as Party B)on(Date), in(Place), China, on the principle of equality and mutual benefit and through amicable consultation.注釋：

（1）hereby：特此

（2）hereinafter referred to as Party A：以下稱甲方

（3）on the principle of equality and mutual benefit：在平等互利基礎(chǔ)上

（4）through amicable consultation：通過友好協(xié)商

參考譯文：

本合同雙方，公司（以下稱甲方）與公司（以下稱乙方），在平等互利基礎(chǔ)上，通過友好協(xié)商，于年月日在中國（地點），特簽訂本合同。

例4：

This agreement is hereby made and entered into on(Date), by and betweenCo.China(hereinafter referred to as Party A)andCo.(hereinafter referred to as Party B).注釋：

（1）this agreement is hereby made and entered into：特此訂立本協(xié)議

在法律文件中表示“訂立本協(xié)議”可用以下4個動詞：sign(make, conclude or enter into)this agreement, 按照同義詞連用的寫作特點，可用上述4個動詞中的兩個來表示）。

（2）hereinafter referred to as Party B：以下簡稱乙方

參考譯文：

本協(xié)議特由中國公司（以下簡稱甲方）與公司（以下簡稱乙方）于年月日訂立。

二hereof

英文釋義: of this

中文譯詞:關(guān)于此點；在本文件中

用法:在表示上文已提及的“本合同的、本文件的??”時，使用該詞。例如表示本合同條件、條款時，可以說“the terms, conditions and provisions hereof”，這里hereof表示“of this Contract”；又如表示本工程的任何部分，可用“any parts hereof”，這里hereof表示“of this Works”。

語法：一般置于要修飾的名詞的后面，與之緊鄰。

hereof和thereof的區(qū)別：hereof強調(diào)“of this”。例如，上面的“the terms, conditions and provisions thereof”中的thereof表示of the Contract；“any parts thereof”中的thereof表示of the Works。

例1

Whether the custom of the Port is contrary to this Clause or not, the owner of the goods shall, without interruption, by day and night, including Sundays and holidays(if required by the carrier),supply and take delivery of the goods.Provided that the owner of the goods shall be liable for all losses or damages including demurrage incurred in default on the provisions hereof.注釋：

（1）Whether the custom of the Port is contrary to this Clause or not：不論港口習(xí)慣是否與本款規(guī)定相反，whether? or not：不論??是否

（2）the owner of the goods：貨方

（3）without interruption：無間斷地

（4）carrier：承運人

（5）in default on the provisions hereof：違反本款規(guī)定 hereof：of this Clause

參考譯文：

不論港口習(xí)慣是否與本款規(guī)定相反，貨方都應(yīng)晝夜地，包括星期日和假日（如承運人需要），無間斷地提供和提取貨物。貨方對違反本款規(guī)定所引起的所有損失或損壞，包括滯期應(yīng)負(fù)擔(dān)賠償責(zé)任。

例2

Foreign trade dealers as mentioned in this Law shall, in accordance with the provisions hereof, cover such legal entities and other organization as are engaged in foreign trade dealings.注釋：

（1）foreign trade dealers：對外貿(mào)易經(jīng)營者

（2）as mentioned in this Law：本法所稱

（3）the provisions hereof：the provisions of this Law 本法規(guī)定

（4）legal entity：法人

（5）be engaged in foreign trade dealings：從事對外貿(mào)易經(jīng)營活動

參考譯文：

本法所稱對外貿(mào)易經(jīng)營者，是指依照本法規(guī)定從事對外貿(mào)易經(jīng)營活動的法人和其他組織。

例3

The establishment of a limited liability company or a company limited by shares shall comply with the conditions and provisions of this Law.A company complying with the conditions and provisions hereof may be registered as a limited liability company or a company limited by shares.Provided that if a company fails to comply with the conditions and provisions hereof, the company in question shall not be registered as a limited liability company or a company limited by shares.注釋：

（1）a limited liability company：有限責(zé)任公司

（2）a company limited by shares：股份有限公司

（3）provisions hereof：本法規(guī)定 hereof: of this Law

（4）may be registered as：登記為

參考譯文：

設(shè)立有限責(zé)任公司、股份有限公司，必須符合本法規(guī)定的條件。符合本法規(guī)定的條件的，登記為有限責(zé)任公司或者股份有限公司；不符合本法規(guī)定的條件的，不得登記為有限責(zé)任公司或股份有限公司。

例4

If, as a result of withdrawal or any other reasons, an arbitrator fails to perform his duties as an

arbitrator, another arbitrator shall, in accordance with the provisions hereof, be selected or appointed.注釋：

（1）as a result of withdrawal or any other reasons：回避或者其它原因

（2）arbitrator：仲裁員

（3）the provisions hereof：the provisions of this Law 本法規(guī)定

（4）be selected or appointed：選定或指定

參考譯文：

仲裁員因回避或者其它原因不能履行職責(zé)的，應(yīng)當(dāng)依照本法規(guī)定重新選定或指定仲裁員。

例5

In the event of conflict between the provisions on arbitration formulated and prepared prior to the effective date of this Law and the provisions of this Law, the provisions hereof shall prevail.注釋：

（1）conflict：相抵觸

（2）prior to the effective date of this Law：本法施行前

（3）the provisions hereof shall prevail：以本法為準(zhǔn) hereof：of this Law

參考譯文：

本法施行前制定的有關(guān)仲裁的規(guī)定與本法的規(guī)定相抵觸的，以本法為準(zhǔn)。

例6

Where, in accordance with laws, the circumstance(s)specified in Article 15 and Article 16 of this Law is /are confirmed, the organization with compensatory obligations shall pay compensation in any of the circumstance in question.Where the claimant for compensation demands the confirmation of one of the circumstances specified in Article 15 and Article 16 hereof, and the demanded organization refuses to make the confirmation, the claimant shall have the right to lodge a complaint.Where the claimant claims compensation, the claim, shall, first, be lodged to the organization for compensatory obligations.The provisions of Article 10, Article 11 and Article 12 hereof shall apply to/ in the procedures of compensation.注釋：

（1）the organization with compensatory obligations：賠償義務(wù)機關(guān)

（2）shall pay compensation：應(yīng)當(dāng)給予賠償

（3）the claimant for compensation：賠償請求人

（4）Article 15 and Article 16 hereof：本法第十五條、第十六條 hereof：of this Law

（5）shall have the right to lodge a complaint：有權(quán)申訴

（6）claims compensation：要求賠償

（7）apply to/ in：適用 More Examples: The comment applies equally here./That argument does not apply in this case./That applies to at least nine-tenths of the people we see about./These remarks apply to every town in this kingdom./The rules of safe driving apply to everyone.參考譯文：

賠償義務(wù)機關(guān)對依法確認(rèn)有本法第十五條、第十六條規(guī)定的情形之一的，應(yīng)當(dāng)給予賠償。賠償請求人要求確認(rèn)有本法第十五條、第十六條規(guī)定情形之一的，被要求的機關(guān)不予確認(rèn)的，賠償請求人有權(quán)申訴。賠償請求人要求賠償，應(yīng)當(dāng)先向賠償義務(wù)機關(guān)提出。賠償程序適用本

法第十條、第十一條、第十二條的規(guī)定。

例7

If an arbitrator involved in one of circumstances specified in Item 4, Article 34 of this Law, and if it is serious, or those specified in Item 6, Article 58 hereof, the arbitrator in question shall, in accordance with the law, bear the legal liability and responsibility.The arbitration commission shall remove the name of the arbitrator in question from the list of arbitrators.注釋：

（1）arbitrator：仲裁員

（2）Article 58 hereof：本法第五十八條 hereof：of this Law

（3）bear the legal liability and responsibility：承擔(dān)法律責(zé)任

（4）the arbitration commission：仲裁委員會

（5）remove the name of the arbitrator in question from the list of arbitrators：將其除名 參考譯文：

仲裁員有本法第三十四條第四項規(guī)定的情形，情節(jié)嚴(yán)重的，或者有本法第五十八條第六項規(guī)定的情形的，應(yīng)當(dāng)依法承擔(dān)法律責(zé)任，仲裁委員會應(yīng)當(dāng)將其除名。

例8

If, pursuant to this Law, the relevant responsible authorities with the duty of approvals fail to grant approval to such an application as meets the requirements and provisions hereof, or the company registration authorities fail to register a company whose application meets the requirements hereof, the party in question may, in accordance with laws, apply for reconsideration or bring an administrative suit.注釋：

（1）the relevant responsible authorities with the duty of approvals：履行審批職責(zé)的有關(guān)主管部門

（2）meets the requirements and provisions hereof：符合本法條件

（3）the company registration authorities：負(fù)責(zé)公司登記的主管部門

（4）the requirements hereof：本法條件 hereof: of this Law

（5）apply for reconsideration：申請復(fù)議

（6）bring an administrative suit：提起行政訴訟

參考譯文：

依照本法，履行審批職責(zé)的有關(guān)主管部門，對符合本法條件的申請不予批準(zhǔn)，或負(fù)責(zé)公司登記的主管部門不予登記，當(dāng)事人可以依法申請復(fù)議或者提起行政訴訟。

例9

This Decision shall apply to the crimes committed against Article 9, Article 10 and Article 11 hereof by the staff and workers of enterprises other than limited liability companies and companies limited by shares.注釋：

（1）the crimes committed：犯罪行為

（2）against Article 9, Article 10 and Article 11 hereof：犯有本決定第九條、第十條、第十一條規(guī)定 hereof: of this Decision

參考譯文：

有限責(zé)任公司、股份有限公司以外的企業(yè)職工有本決定第九條、第十條、第十一條規(guī)定的犯罪行為的，適用本決定。

例10

Companies registered and established prior to the effective date of this Law shall, in accordance with Laws, administrative regulations, local regulations and pursuant to the “Standard Opinion on Limited Liability Companies” or the “Standard Opinion on Companies Limited by Shares” issued by the relevant responsible department of the State Council, continue to exist.Those companies not completely satisfying the requirements of this Law shall, within the specified time limit, meet the requirements hereof.Specific methods for implementation of this Law will be set out in separate regulations issued by the State Council.注釋：

（1）companies registered：已登記成立的公司

（2）the “Standard Opinion on Limited Liability Companies”：《有限責(zé)任公司規(guī)范意見》

（3）the “Standard Opinion on Companies Limited by Shares”：《股份有限公司規(guī)范意見》

（4）the relevant responsible department of the State Council國務(wù)院有關(guān)主管部門

（5）in separate regulations issued by the State Council：由國務(wù)院另行規(guī)定

參考譯文：

本法施行前已登記成立的公司，應(yīng)依照法律、行政法規(guī)、地方性法規(guī)和國務(wù)院有關(guān)主管部門制定的《有限責(zé)任公司規(guī)范意見》，和《股份有限公司規(guī)范意見》，繼續(xù)保留。其中不完全具備本法規(guī)定的條件的，應(yīng)當(dāng)在規(guī)定的期限內(nèi)達(dá)到本法規(guī)定的條件。具體實施辦法，由國務(wù)院另行規(guī)定。

例11

Unfair competition mentioned in this Law refers to acts of such business operators as contravene the provisions hereof, with a result of damaging the lawful rights and interests of other business operators, and disturbing the socio-economic order.注釋：

（1）unfair competition：不正當(dāng)競爭

（2）business operators：經(jīng)營者

（3）contravene the provisions hereof：違反本法規(guī)定 the provisions hereof：本法規(guī)定 hereof：of this Law

（4）the lawful rights and interests：合法權(quán)益

（5）disturbing the socio-economic order：擾亂社會經(jīng)濟秩序

參考譯文：

本法所稱的不正當(dāng)競爭，是指經(jīng)營者違反本法規(guī)定，損害其他經(jīng)營者的合法權(quán)益，擾亂社會經(jīng)濟秩序的行為。

第二篇：資料：英語合同翻譯說明

Contract 與 Agreement的有無區(qū)別

在英語中，合同一般稱為Contract，協(xié)議一般稱為Agreement。

何謂“contract”?

1999年中國《合同法》第二條對contract定義為： A contact in this Law refers to an agreement establishing, modifying and terminating the civil rights and obligations between subjects of equal footing, that is, between natural persons, legal persons or other organizations”。根據(jù)這一定義，合同平等主體之間設(shè)立的確定民事權(quán)利和義務(wù)的協(xié)議。，Steven H.Gifts編著的“Law Dictionary”中將contract 定義為“contract is a promise, or a set of promises, for breach of which the law gives remedy, or the performance of the which the law in some way recognize as a duty.”根據(jù)這一定義，合同是一種承諾，違反承諾可以得到法律救助，某種意義上法律將履行該承諾看做是一種補償。

L.B Curzon 在其編撰的字典“A Dictionary of Law”給contract的定義：“Contract is a legally binding agreement”根據(jù)這一定義，合同就是有法律約束力的協(xié)議。

綜合起來，有一個相同點，就是“Contract is an agreement”，即可將合同說成是“An agreement which binds the parties concerned”或者說合同說成是“An agreement which is enforceable by law”，也可以說：Contracts are promises that the law will enforce。

何謂“Agreement”?

L.B “A consensus of mind, or evidence of such consensus, in spoke or written form, relating to anything done or to be done.”

根據(jù)這一定義，協(xié)議是對已經(jīng)做或準(zhǔn)備做的相關(guān)事宜，經(jīng)過談判、協(xié)商后取得一致意見，以口頭或書面形式做出的約定。

Black “Law Dictionary”有兩個定義。一個是：“A concord of understanding and intention between two or more parties with respect to the effect upon their relative rights and duties, of certain past or future facts or performance”根據(jù)這一定義，協(xié)議即雙方或多方京某些過去或?qū)砟承┦聦嵉南嚓P(guān)權(quán)利、義務(wù)或相關(guān)權(quán)利、義務(wù)的履行而達(dá)成的一致理解和愿望。

另一個是：“The consent of two or more persons concurring respecting the transmission of some property, right or benefits, with the view of contacting an obligation, a mutual obligation.”根據(jù)這一定義，協(xié)議即兩個或多個當(dāng)事人，為了約定單方責(zé)任或相互責(zé)任，就財產(chǎn)權(quán)利、利益的轉(zhuǎn)移取得的一致同意。

Contract(合同)和Agreement(協(xié)議)是不是可以互換呢？

合同的成立必須具備幾個主要因素。它們（要約和承諾構(gòu)成的）協(xié)議、約因、設(shè)立法律關(guān)系的愿望和締約能力四大部分組成。

L.B Curzon編著的“A Diction of Law”提到：“Contract generally involves”

1.offer and absolute and unqualified acceptance(要約和絕對接受)2.consensus ad idem(意思表示一致，也叫meeting of minds)3.intention to create legal relations(建立合同關(guān)系的意愿)4.genuineness of consent(同意的真實性)

5.contractual capacity of the parties(合同當(dāng)事人的締約能力)6.legality of object(標(biāo)的物的合法性)

7.possibility of performance(履行的可能性)8.certainty of terms(條款的確定性)9.valuable consideration(等價有償)

Black 'Law Dictionary“ 中解釋道：Although often used as synonyms with ”contract“, agreement is a broader term, e.g.an agreement might lack an essential element of a contact.”

即“協(xié)議”和“合同”經(jīng)常用作同義詞，但“協(xié)議”這一術(shù)語含義更廣，例如協(xié)議可能缺乏合同的必備條款（essential clauses/provisions）。

實際使用當(dāng)中，協(xié)議可不受必備條款的限制，而稱為合同的文體肯定少不了必備條款，有的合同將其單列，稱為一般條款（General provisions）。，1999中國《合同法》第十二條規(guī)定了八項一般條款，分別是：

1.title or name and domicile of the parities(當(dāng)事人的名稱或姓名和住址)2.contract object(標(biāo)的)3.quantity(數(shù)量)4.quality(質(zhì)量)

5.price or remuneration(價款或者報酬)

6.time limit, place and method of performance(履行期限、地點和方式)7.liability for breach of contract(違約責(zé)任)8.methods to settle disputes(解決爭議的方法)

上述解釋說明，contract(合同)和agreement(協(xié)議)的概念雖然接近，但使用范圍不同，不能互換使用。合同是協(xié)議的重要組成部分，所有合同一定是協(xié)議，而協(xié)議不見得都是合同?？梢哉f具備合同成立要求的具有強制執(zhí)行力的協(xié)議才是合同。

結(jié)構(gòu)特點

合同類法律文件用以規(guī)定當(dāng)事人的權(quán)利與義務(wù)，是預(yù)防與解決爭議的依據(jù)。合同英語行文慎密而準(zhǔn)確，歷史悠久，深含法律文化底蘊。

中文的合同開頭一般先羅列當(dāng)事人的名稱、姓名、住所或營業(yè)場所，然后是合同正文，結(jié)尾是當(dāng)事人印章、授權(quán)代表簽字、職務(wù)及簽字日期。而英語合同一般以下面這類句式為開頭：

This agreement/contract is made and entered in to this ____ day of _____(month), _______(year)by and between Party A(hereinafter called “ Party A ”)and Party B(hereinafter called “ Party B ”)

然后是開始陳述：

WHEREAS…THEREFORE

… It is hereby agreed as follows:

或以：

WITNESSETH, WHEREAS…

NOW THEREFORE, for and in consideration of the mutual covenants and agreements contained herein, the parties hereby covenant and agree as follows:

接著是正文，最后是證明部分：

IN WITNESS WHEREOF，the parties hereto have hereunto set their hands the day and years first above written.隨后還包括當(dāng)事人和見證人的簽字。簽字日期一般在英文合同最搬弄是非是找不到的。

下面列出新加坡、美國、香港和日本的合同格式。

A.新加坡

Agreement

THIS AGREEMENT is made the 9th day of August, 2001 between LUCKY INTERNATIONAL LTD, a company incorporated in Singapore and having its registered office at Telek Blongar Rise, Singapore 19569(hereinfater called “The Company”)of the part and JACK Wong(NRIC No._________ /A)of 108 Orchar Road, Singapore 01688(hereinafter called “The Mangager”)of the other part.WHEREAS:

1.The company is engaged in IT business and requires a person with the necessary qualifications and experience to manage its business.2.….NOW IT IS HEREBY AGREED as follows:

1.The company shall employ the Manager and the Manager shall serve the Company as manager of the Company's IT business for a period of two years commencing on 1st day of September

2.….IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have set their hand the day and year first above written.THE SCHEDULE ABOVE REFERRED TO

Duties of Manger

1.To manage, maintain and promote the business of the Company.2.3.SIGNED by Roger Tan

For and on behalf of LUCKY INTERANTIONAL LTD

In the presence of

SIGNED by TERESA WONG

In the presence of

新加坡的通用合同分五部分：

第一部分：稱為parties, 主要介紹合同各方的姓名或名稱，注冊地國及地址、郵編及各自在合同的簡稱。開頭框架一般為：

THIS AGREEMENT is made the---------__________ day of _____（month）,____(year)between A _______(hereinafter called “The Company”)of the part and B______,(hereinafter called “The Manager”)of the other part.句子開頭THIS AGREEMENT

或CONTRACT和當(dāng)事人的姓名和名稱，都應(yīng)大寫。當(dāng)事人是自然人的，用“of”和其后的住址相連；是法人或非法人單位的，用“having its registered office at”和其后注冊地址相連。

第二部分：稱為recital。以WHEREAS開頭，進(jìn)入敘述部分，用陳述正式說明當(dāng)事人訂立合同的原因。

第三部分：稱為habendum，正文。具體約定當(dāng)事人的權(quán)利和義務(wù)。正文部分的結(jié)束段為：

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have set their hand the day and year first above written.這段作用相當(dāng)于中文合同的“雙方簽字蓋章，特此為證”。

第四部分：稱為schedule或addendum，附錄。是對前述合同部分條款的必要補充。不是所有合同都有這一項。

第五部分：稱為attestation，證明部分。當(dāng)事人如果自然人，用“SIGNED by __” 英文寫作翻譯；連接后填寫見證姓名的表達(dá)部分“In the presence of ____”；當(dāng)事人是法人或非法人單位時，授權(quán)代表后接的是“SIGNED for and on behalf _____ of____”，然后才是In the presence of _______。與中文合同的顯著不同是簽章處除當(dāng)事人外，多了一個In the presence of _______供證人簽字之處。另一不同的是合同訂立日期沒有放在合同最后，而是出現(xiàn)在開頭段的當(dāng)事人介紹部分。

第五部分在新加坡還有另一種表達(dá)

As Witness our Hands this _____day of _____，in the year of our Lord Tow Thousand and One.Signed, sealed, and delivered by the above named

In the presence of

Signature

Address

Occupation

上述合同的格式很有代表性，其它英文格式與之相比大同大異，有的合同中不含附錄。

B.美國

APPOINTMENT AS CONTRACT FULL-TIME SENIOR CUSTOMS ADMINISTRATOR

AN AGREEMENT FOR SERVICES made the 1st day of September, 2000 between ______ of _____(address)(hereinafter referred to as “the Company”)as one part and Mr._______ of _______(address)(hereinafter referred to as the Contractor)of the other part.WHEREBY IT IS AGREED AND DECLARED AS FOLLOWS:

1.THAT the Company shall …

2.This agreement shall commence on ….3.4.IN WITNESS WHEREOF, both parties set their hands on the date herein mentioned

SIGNED BY

Name :

Designation :

For and on behalf of :(signature)

Contractor :

Designation :

For and on behalf of :(signature)

本合同分為四個大部分（缺附錄，schedule）。與上一合同基本相同，但第一段沒有謂語，不是個完整的句子。個別用詞與前一合同有差別。最后落款處還多了了“職務(wù)”，即designation(有的合同還慣用position).C.香港

CONTRACT

CONTACT NO.SIGNING DATE/PLACE

THE BUYER: Name

Legal Address

Contact

THE SELLER: Name

Legal Address

Contact

This contract is made by and between the Buyer and the Seller.Whereby the Buyer agrees o buy and the Seller agrees to sell the under-mentioned commodity according to the terms and conditions.1.NAME OF COMMODITY AND SCOPE OF THE CONTRACT 2.PRICE

3.PAYMENT譯 4.PACKING 5.IN WITHNESS WHEREOF, this contract has been executed effective as of the date first above written.THE BUYER THE SELLER

___________ ___________

By:__________ By:__________

Date:------------_________ Date:------------_________

THE END USER

___________

By: __________

Date:--------____-_________

比起前兩個合同，該買賣合同的不同之處于在于，合同開頭出現(xiàn)了合同編號和簽署日期，當(dāng)事人名稱或姓名采用簡單列舉式。證明部分用完成時被動態(tài)，最后落款處SIGNED BY項目，但增加了最終用戶一項。

D.日本

SERVICE AGREEMENT

This agreement is made and entered into on March 1st ,2001, by and between______ LTD(hereinafter referred to as “PARTY A”), and ________CO., LTD.((hereinafter referred to as “PARTY B”)

WITNESSTH:

WHEREAS, PARTY B has requested by PARTY A to dispatch its personal for the purpose of _______ to PARTY b;and

WHEREAS,(PARTY A is willing to dispatch its personnel t PARTY B in response to such PARTY B's request)

NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual promises and covenants herein contained , the parties hereto agree as follows: 1.2.3.IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be executed by their respective duly authorized officers as of the date first herinabove written.______ Ltd.________ Co., Ltd.(signature)(signature)

MANAGING DIRECTOR MANAGING DIRECTOR

該合同也由四大部分構(gòu)成，與上述合同最大的不同在于，在敘述部分上端加了一個WITNESSETH（鑒于），最后落款處也沒有SIGNED BY 項目，但授權(quán)簽字代表的職位真接打出來，放在簽字的下一行。別外，當(dāng)事人的簡稱部分用的都是大寫。

相比之下，英文合同除個別地方外，整個合同的段落排列，句式和用詞大同小異。在草擬英文合同時，只要仿用上述任何一個，都算是地道的英文表達(dá)。

用詞特點(formal term)

合同英語的用詞極其考究，具有特定性。要求選詞專業(yè)化（professional）、正式（formal）、準(zhǔn)確（accurate）。具體體現(xiàn)在下列方面：

1． May, shall, must ,may not(或shall not)的使用，May, shall , must ,may not(或shall not)對學(xué)過英語的人再熟悉不過，但在合同中用這些詞時要極其謹(jǐn)慎。權(quán)利義務(wù)的約見定部分構(gòu)成了合同的主體。這幾個詞如選用不當(dāng)，可能會引起糾紛。

may 旨在約定當(dāng)事人的權(quán)利（可以做什么），Shall約定當(dāng)事人的義務(wù)（應(yīng)當(dāng)做什么時候），must 用于強制性義務(wù)（必須做什么），may not(或shall not)用于禁止性義務(wù)（不得做什么）。May do

不能說成can do，shall do, 不能說成should do 或ought to do，may not do 在美國一些法律文件可以用shall not，但絕不能用can not do或must not)例如，在約定解決爭議的途徑時的，可以說

The parties hereto shall, first of all, settle any dispute arising from or in connection with the contract by friendly negotiations.Should such negotiations fail, such dispute may be referred to the People's Court having jurisdiction on such dispute for settlement in the absence of any arbitration clause in the disputed contract or in default of agreement reached after such dispute occurs.本句中的shall 和may表達(dá)準(zhǔn)確。出現(xiàn)爭議后應(yīng)當(dāng)先行協(xié)商，所以采用了義務(wù)性“約定”，如果協(xié)商解決不了，作為當(dāng)事人的權(quán)利，用選擇性約定may也很妥當(dāng)。如果may和shall調(diào)換位置會怎么樣？ 前半句的shall換用may后，意思變成了當(dāng)事人可以通過協(xié)商解決，意思上說得過去，但后半句的may換用shall 后，變成了應(yīng)當(dāng)訴訟解決，好象一出事，就要先見官，這就有些不友好了。

本句可譯：雙方首先應(yīng)通過友好協(xié)商，解決因合同而發(fā)生的或與合同有關(guān)的爭議。如果協(xié)商未果，合同中又無仲裁條款約定或爭議發(fā)生后未就仲裁達(dá)成協(xié)方的，可將爭議提交有管轄權(quán)的人民法院解決。

2． 正式用語（formal term）

合同英語有著嚴(yán)肅的風(fēng)格，與其它英語作品有很大不同。

例如：

“因為”的短語多用“by virtue of "，遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)多于“due to”一般不用“because of ”；

“財務(wù)末”一般用“at the close of the fiscal year”，而不用“in the end of the fiscal year”；

“在……之前”一般用“prior to”，而不用“before”；

“關(guān)于”常用“as regards”，“concerning”或“relating to”，而不會用“about”；

“事實上”用“in effect”，而不用“in fact”；

“開始”用“commencement”,而不用“start”或“begin”；

“停止做”用“cease to do”，而不用“stop to do”；

“何時開會并由某某主持”的表述為：The meeting shall be convened and presided by sb.其中“召開”不用“hold 或call”，而用“convene”； “主持”不用“chair”或“be in charge of ”，而用“preside”；

“其他事項”用“miscellaneous”, 而不用“other matters/events”；

“理解合同”用“construe a contract” 或“comprehend a contract”，而不用“understand a contract”;

“認(rèn)為”用“deem”，用“consider”少，不用“think”或“believe”；

“愿意做”用“intend to do”或“desire to do”，而不用“want to do”, “wish to do”。

三、用詞專業(yè)（technical terms）

合同用詞不以大眾是否理解和接受為轉(zhuǎn)移，它是合同語言準(zhǔn)確表達(dá)的保障。如合同出現(xiàn)的“瑕疵”、“救濟”、“不可抗力”、“管轄”、“損毀”、“滅失”等就可能讓非行業(yè)人士費解，在英語以上表達(dá)分別為defect、remedy、force majuere/Act of God、jurisdiction、damage and/or loss)。另外幾乎每個合同都少不了hereinafter referred to as , whereas, in witness whereof, for and on behalf of , hereby, thereof 等虛詞。這也是合同英語的一大特色。

其它例子還有：

“賠償”用“indemnities”，而不用“compensation”

“不動產(chǎn)轉(zhuǎn)讓”用“conveyance”，而不用“transfer of real estate”

“房屋出租”用“tenancy”，而“財產(chǎn)出租”用“l(fā)ease of property”

“停業(yè)”用“wind up a business”或“cease(名詞是cessation)a business”,而不用“end/stop a business”

專利許可中的“特許權(quán)使用費”只用“royalities”

還款或?qū)＠暾埖摹皩捪奁凇庇⑽摹癵race”，“當(dāng)事人在破產(chǎn)中的和解”用“composition”

以實物出資為“investment in kind”

“依照合同相關(guān)規(guī)定”一般說“pursuant to provisions contained herein”或“as provided herein”等，不說“according to relevant terms and conditions in the contract”

“合同任何一方當(dāng)事人不得轉(zhuǎn)讓本合同”英文表述為“Neither party hereto may assign this contract”，其中“hereto”表示“to the contract”，選用“Neither party to the contract”較少。

3． 同義詞、近義詞、相關(guān)詞的序列

FOR value RECEIVED，the undersigned does hereby sell, transfer, assign and set over to ______ all his right, tile and interest in and to a certain contract dated ______, 19____ by and between the undersigned and ______，a copy of which is annexed hereto.在這里的同義詞和近義詞并列（如sell, transfer, assign and set over，right和 tile and interest），在英文合同里十分普遍。這是出于嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)和杜絕漏洞的考慮，有的也屬于合同用語的固定模式。如：

This agreement is made and entered into by and between Party A and Party B.句中“made and entered into”和“by and between”兩組分別屬于同義詞和相關(guān)詞并列。

For and in consideration of mutual covenants and agreements contained herein, the parties hereby covenant and agree as follows: 句中“for and in consideration of ”，“covenants and agreements”三組同義司和近義詞并列。

The parties have agreed to vary the Management on the terms and subject to the conditions contained herein.這里的“on the terms”和“subject to the conditions”是一個意思都表示“依照本協(xié)議的條款規(guī)定”。合同條款的固定模式是“terms and conditions”

再例如：

“Party A wishes to be released and discharged from agreement as from the effective date”，一句中的“release”和“discharge”意思幾乎相同。

并列的詞還有：

ships and vessels

support and maintenance licenses and permits

charges, fees, costs and expenses any and all any duties, obligations or liabilities

the partners, their heirs, successors and assigns control and management of the partnership

applicable laws, regulations, decrees, directives, and rules

5.拉丁詞

在國外合同中，拉丁詞仍然是很常見：

比例稅率：用pro rate tax rate要比proportional tax rate多

從事慈善性服務(wù)的律師：pro bono lawyer，不怎么用lawyer engaged in charitable legal assistance

委托代理人：多用agent ad litem。

From: http:// 11

第三篇：國際經(jīng)貿(mào)英語合同寫作翻譯

1.保險：由賣方按中國人民保險公司海洋貨物運輸保險條款照發(fā)票總值110%投保綜合險及戰(zhàn)爭險。如買方欲增加其他險別或超過上述保額時須于裝船前征得賣方同意，所增加的保險費由買方負(fù)擔(dān)。

Insurance:To be covered by the Sellers for 110% of invoice value against All Risks and War Risk as per the relevant Ocean Marine Cargo Clauses of the People’s Insurance Company of China.If other coverage or an additional insurance amount is required, the Buyers must have the consent of the Sellers before shipment,and the additional premium is to be borne by the Boyers.2.付款條件：買方應(yīng)由賣方可接受的銀行不可撤銷的即期信用證，于裝運月份前30天開到賣方并至裝運月份后第15天在中國議付有效。

Terms of Payment:The Buyers shall open with a bank acceptable to the Sellers an Irrevocable Sight Letter of Credit to reach the Sellers 30 days before the month of shipment,valid for negotiation in China until the 15 day after the monthe of shipment.3.不可抗力：如由于不可抗力的原因，致使賣方不能全部或部分裝運或延遲裝運合同貨物時，賣方對于這種不能裝運或延遲裝運不負(fù)有責(zé)任。但賣方須用傳真或電傳通知買方，并須在15天內(nèi)以航空掛號信件向買方提交事故發(fā)生地權(quán)威機構(gòu)出具的證明此類事故的證明書。

th

Force Majeure:If shipment of the contracted goods is prevented or delayed in whole or in part due to Force Majeure, the Sellers shall not be liable for non-shipment or late shipment of the goods under this Contract.However,the Sellers shall notify the Buyers by fax or telex and furnish the latter within 15 days by registered airmail with a certificate issued by the competent authourities at the place of occurrence attesting such event or events.4.仲裁:凡因執(zhí)行本合同所發(fā)生的或與本合同有關(guān)的一切爭議，雙方應(yīng)通過友好協(xié)商解決。如果協(xié)商不能解決時，應(yīng)提交中國國際經(jīng)濟貿(mào)易仲裁委員會根據(jù)該會仲裁規(guī)則進(jìn)行仲裁。仲裁的裁決是終局性的，對雙方都有約束力。

Arbitration: All disputes arising out of the performance of , or relating to this Contract, shall be settled amicably through negotiation.In case no settlement can be reached through negotiation, the case shall then be submitted to the China International Economic and Trade Arbitration Commission for arbitration in accordance with its arbitration rules.The arbitral award is final and binding upon both parties.5.Payment: The Buyers shall open through the Bank of China, Beijing, an irrevocable letter of credit in favour of the Sellers in US Dollars covering the FOB stowed and trimmed value of each shipment payable against receipt by the issuing Bank of the following shipping documents:(1)A full set(including three copies each of the negotiable and non-negotiable)of clean on board Bill of Lading or Charter Party Bill of Lading in accordance with the charter party , made out to order, blank endorsed, notifying the China National Foreign Trade Transportation Corporation at the port of destination.(2)Provisional invoice covering an amount corresponding to the full value of each shipment,weight 1% less than that in B/L.And quality based on 72% Tribasic Phosphate of Lime.(3)Certificate of quality and weight determination issued by the Sellers at the port of loading.The Buyers shall open the relative letter of credit latest 20 days before the arrival of the carrying vessel at the port of loading with validity for 90 days from the date of opening.5.We hereby agree with the drawers, endorsers and bona fide holders of drafts/documents drawn under and in compliance with the terms and conditions of this credit that such drafts/documents will be duly honoured on due presentation.我們特此同意出票人、背書人和善意持有人和下的匯票/單據(jù)符合信用證的條款和條件,這種將承兌匯票/文檔表示。

6.According to the ICC Model International Sales Contract(Manufactured Goods for resale),the liquidated damages to be claimed by the Buyer against the seller shall be 0.5% per week with a maximum amount of 5% of the price of the delayed goods in case of delay in delivery or non-delivery of the goods.根據(jù)ICC模型國際銷售合同(轉(zhuǎn)售制成品),聲稱的違約金由買方對賣方應(yīng)當(dāng)0.5%每周最多數(shù)量的5%的遲延交付的貨物的價格,交貨延遲或不能交貨的貨物。

7.claim(索賠）的用法(1)用作可數(shù)名詞，表示索賠。寫作時，要注意動詞的搭配：提出索賠用file，lodge,make, put forward,put in 等，拒絕索賠用reject，放棄索賠用 give up,waive,撤回索賠用withdraw,解決索賠用settle。介詞的搭配：向某人提出索賠用against,對某物提出索賠用on,索賠的原因和索賠的金額用for等。例如： Buyers have lodged a claim against Sellers on this shipment for US$10,000 for short weight 由于短重，買方向賣方對這批船貨提出索賠一萬美元。(2)用作及物動詞，表示索賠。例如：

Buyers claim US$900 against Sellers for inferiority of quality.買方因品質(zhì)低劣向賣方索賠900美元。

8.Privity 共同利益關(guān)系

The relationship hereby established between Supplier and Distributor, during the effective period of this Agreement, shall be solely that of Seller and Buyer, and Distributor shall under no circumstances be considered to the agent or legal representative of Supplier for any purpose whatsoever and shall have no right or authority to create or assume any obligation or responsibility of any kind,expressed or implied, in the name of or on behalf of Supplier

特此建立供應(yīng)商和經(jīng)銷商之間的關(guān)系,在本協(xié)議的有效期內(nèi),應(yīng)單獨買賣,和經(jīng)銷商應(yīng)當(dāng)在任何情況下被認(rèn)為供應(yīng)商的代理人或法定代表人任何目的并沒有權(quán)利或權(quán)力創(chuàng)建或承擔(dān)任何義務(wù)或責(zé)任,表達(dá)或暗示的名義或代表供應(yīng)商。

9.Prohibition of Re-export 禁止出口

Distributor shall sell Products only in Territory and shall not, directly or indirectly, resell or re-export Products to any place or country outside Territory, nor shall resell Products to any other person, firm or corporation in Territory, whom Distributor, to the best of his knowledge and belief, knows and has reason to believe to have the intent to resell or re-export Products to any place or country outside Territory.經(jīng)銷商銷售產(chǎn)品只有在領(lǐng)土和不得直接或間接地轉(zhuǎn)售或再出口產(chǎn)品以外的任何地方或國家的領(lǐng)土,也不可轉(zhuǎn)售產(chǎn)品到任何其他的人,公司或公司的領(lǐng)土,誰的經(jīng)銷商,他的最好的知識和信仰,知道,有理由相信目的轉(zhuǎn)售或再出口產(chǎn)品以外的任何地方或國家的領(lǐng)土。

10.Bid Bond A bond in the amount of US$50,000 is required when the bid is submitted.The bond shall be handed in the form of a Bank Surety transmitted through an Ethiopian Bank.The amount covered by the Surety is refundable to those bidders who are not the winner, as soon as the bids are opened and the winner is made known.In the case of the winner, the amount is refunded after a contract has been signed and the necessary performance bond is provided.債券50000美元的投標(biāo)時需要提交。債券應(yīng)當(dāng)交銀行擔(dān)保的形式通過一個埃塞俄比亞銀行。被保證人覆蓋量退還那些投標(biāo)人不是贏家,一旦被打開和獲勝者是已知的。的贏家,合同簽訂后的金額退還和必要的履約保證書。

11.Performance Bond Performance bond amounting to 10% of the total value of the works bid upon is required when signing the contract.性能債券占總價值的10%的投標(biāo)工作時需要簽訂合同。

12.The Employer shall make a prepayment of 20% of the contract value to the Contract within 10 days after signing this Contract.The Contractor shall furnish the Employer with a bank’s Letter of Guarantee to be valid till the date of full reimbursement of the amount of prepayment.The reimbursement of the prepayment shall be effected by deducting the monthly payments made by the Employer to the Contractor for the completed portion of the Works in the same percentage as the prepayment bears to the total contract value.雇主應(yīng)預(yù)付20%合同金額在合同簽訂后10天內(nèi)本合同。承包商應(yīng)向雇主提供銀行保函有效直到全部報銷的日期提前還款的金額。提前還款的還款應(yīng)影響扣除每月由雇主支付的承包商完成部分工作在相同的比例預(yù)付熊總合同價值。

13.The term of the lease shall be ten years commencing from the date of the Bill of Lading referred to in Article 4.The total rent shall be Japanese Yen to be paid in twenty equal instalments by telegraphic transfer to Party B’s account with the bank designated by Party B.Each instalment shall be paid by PartyA within every six months after the date of the Bill of Lading.If Party A delays in paying any of the instalments, it shall pay Party B interest for the delayed time at the rate of one percent over and above the long-term prime rate of the said Japanese bank.十年租賃期限應(yīng)當(dāng)自提單之日起4條?？傋饨饝?yīng)當(dāng)在20日元支付同等的分期付款電匯到乙方的賬戶與銀行指定的黨B.每個分期付款應(yīng)當(dāng)在每六個月后未經(jīng)甲方支付的日期的提單。如果甲方延遲支付的分期付款,應(yīng)支付乙方對延遲時間的速度百分之一以上的長期優(yōu)惠利率說日本銀行。

14.Registered Capital of the Company, Investment Contributed by the Parties,Proportion of Investment and Form of Investment of the Parties 4.1 The registered capital of the Company shall be Renminbi....yuan 4.2 Party A shall contribute 30% of the registered capital of the Company in the sum of Renminbi...Yuan ,and Party B shall contribute 70% of the registered capital of the Company in the sum of Renminbi...yuan The investment to be contributed by Party B shall be in Hong Kong dollars calculated in Renminbi at the median of the selling and buying exchange rates announced by the State General Administration of Exchange Control on the date of contribution.公司的注冊資本、投資貢獻(xiàn)了當(dāng)事人,當(dāng)事人的投資和形式的投資比例 4.1公司的注冊資本應(yīng)當(dāng)人民幣....元

4.2甲方提供公司的注冊資本的30%金額的人民幣…元,乙方應(yīng)提供公司的注冊資本的70%金額的人民幣…元

投資由乙方應(yīng)當(dāng)在港元以人民幣計算的平均匯率買賣國家外匯管理總局公布的日期的貢獻(xiàn)。

第四篇：英語--翻譯

1、男孩子們想去野營但被他們的父母攔住了。（attempt）

The boys attempted to leave for camping, but were stopped by their parents.2、學(xué)生們對這種新的教學(xué)法的反映就是他們變得更自信了。（react to）

The students’ reaction to the new teaching method is that they become more confident.3、沒人接電話意味著一家人都外出了。（imply）

The fact that nobody answered the telephone implied the family were out.4、我們必須日夜兼程才能準(zhǔn)時到達(dá)目的地。（on time）

We must travel day and night to reach the destination on time.5、雖然他被敵人包圍著，但是他并不害怕。（as）

Surrounded as he was by the enemy, he was not afraid.6、是否就是他搶劫了銀行還有待證明。（remain）

It remained to be proved whether it is he who has robbed the bank.7、你應(yīng)該找他看牙齒，他被認(rèn)為是城里最好的牙醫(yī)。（think of…as）

You ought to see him, for he is thought of as the best dentist in the city.8、從孩子出生起，她的父母就分居了。（be separated from）

The child’s parents have been separated from each other since she was born.9、即使你不成功，我們?nèi)匀恢С帜?。（even if/even though）

Even if you lose, we’ll still support you.10、有十個人申請這份兼職工作。（apply）There are ten people who applied for the part time job.11、從這里到學(xué)校至少要二十分鐘。（at least）It takes at least twenty minutes to get to school from here.12、他的想法跟我的不一致。（conform）His ideas don’t conform to mine.13、當(dāng)她讀這個故事時禁不住哭了。（can’t help）She couldn’t help crying when she was reading the story.14、我們走了就沒人欣賞你的這些幽默故事了。（appreciate）Nobody would appreciate your funny stories if we leave.15、這個產(chǎn)品在質(zhì)量上比那個產(chǎn)品好多了。（superior）This product is superior to that one.16、他父親的去世讓他傷心之極。（overwhelm）He was overwhelmed by his father’s death.

第五篇：翻譯英語

With an elevation of more than 2000 meters, Lily bulbs, planted by cooperatives,is found in Er’yin mountains of Guan mountain, which is the provenance belonged to Lan Zhou reserve and in the east of Yong Jing county, Gan Su province.Owing to the unique geography in Guan mountains, the period of Lily growth is five years, therefore, all the products here are characterized by white color luscious taste,and full petals.Lily contains so much nutritional goodness such as amylum, proteide, fattiness, sweets, calcium, phosphorus,iron, colchicin and other alkaloids.Besides, the dietary property and the officinal value of this flower are extremely high.This flower could also bring the positive effects:antipyretic, antidotal, moistening lung, improving looks, relieving cough and reducing sputum, calming the nerve.Lily has been the superb cuisine among commons as well as in the state banquet from the ancient times;known as “the superb in cuisine, the panax in dishes”, Lily is the first for junketing and presenting.