第一篇：一般過去與現(xiàn)在完成1

)經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，常與表示頻腮度的時(shí)間狀語連用。

時(shí)間狀語： every…, sometimes, at…, on Sunday

I leave home for school at 7 every morning.2)客觀真理，客觀存在，科學(xué)事實(shí)。

The earth moves around the sun.不受時(shí)間限制的Shanghai lies in the east of China.客觀存在表示格言或警句中。

Pride goes before a fall.驕者必?cái)　?/p>

注意：此用法如果出現(xiàn)在賓語從句中，即使主句是過去時(shí)，從句謂語也要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。例：Columbus proved that the earth is round..3)現(xiàn)在時(shí)刻的狀態(tài)、能力、性格、個(gè)性、特征。

I don't want so much.Ann Wang writes good English but does not speak well.比較：Now I put the sugar in the cup.I am doing my homework now.※4)由連詞ifunlessbeforeas soon aswhen oncehowever等引起的時(shí)間(條件、讓步)狀語從句,需要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),表示將來時(shí).第一句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，用于操作演示或指導(dǎo)說明的示范性動(dòng)作，表示言行的瞬間動(dòng)作。再如：Now watch me, I switch on the current and stand back.第二句中的now是進(jìn)行時(shí)的標(biāo)志，表示正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作的客觀狀況，所以后句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)用法解析

1.構(gòu)成現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)是由助動(dòng)詞 have(has)+動(dòng)詞的過去分詞構(gòu)成。助動(dòng)詞說明該謂語是屬于現(xiàn)在時(shí)范圍。它和主語的人稱、數(shù)要保持一致。過去分詞是主要的謂語動(dòng)詞，說明句子的意義。

2.用法

（1）表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去某個(gè)不確定的時(shí)間，但對現(xiàn)在留下了某種影響和結(jié)果。常被just、already、yet 等副詞修飾。如：

-Have you had lunch yet?-Yes,I have.I've just had it.你（已經(jīng)）吃午飯了嗎？ 我剛剛吃過。（現(xiàn)在我不餓了）

（2）表示從過去某一時(shí)刻開始一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。這個(gè)動(dòng)作可能剛停止，可能仍然在進(jìn)行。常帶有for和since等表示一段時(shí)間的狀語。如：He has taught here since 1981

他自1981年就在這兒教書。（可能還要繼續(xù)教）

I have't seen her for four years.我有四年沒見到她了。

（3）表示說話前發(fā)生過一次或多次的動(dòng)作，現(xiàn)在成為一種經(jīng)驗(yàn)，一般譯為漢語“過”，常帶有twice,ever,never,three times等時(shí)間狀語。

如： I have been to Beijing twice.我去過北京二次。

3.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語

（1）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)屬于現(xiàn)在時(shí)范圍，故不能和過去的時(shí)間狀語連用。如：yesterday,last Sunday,in1990,three years ago等。但是，在強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作產(chǎn)生的后果和影響時(shí)，可以和一些

表示不確定的時(shí)間狀語連用。

a.用副詞already和yet。already一般用于肯定句中，yet一般用于否定句和 疑

問句中。如：We have already finished our homework.我們已完成作業(yè)了。

They haven't finished their homework yet.他們還沒有完成作業(yè)。

b.用ever 和never。多用于否定或疑問句中，表示“曾經(jīng)”或“從未“等。如：-Have you ever been to the Great Wall?你曾經(jīng)去過長城嗎？

-I have never been to the Great Wall.我從未去過長城。

c.用表示到說話為止的過去時(shí)間狀語，如just,before,up to now,the past few

years等。

例如：I have seen her before,but I can not remember where.我以前見過她，但記不起在哪里見過。

He has been there three times the last few days.近幾年他去過那里三次了。

d.用包括“現(xiàn)在”在內(nèi)的時(shí)間狀語，如：now,today,this

morning(month,year,term)等。

例如：-Have you met him today?-No,I haven't.今天你見過他嗎？我 沒有。

How many times have you been there this year?

今年你去過那里多少次？

（2）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)可以和帶有since或for等表示“一段時(shí)間”的狀語連用,表示動(dòng)作或

狀態(tài)從某一時(shí)刻開始，一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在。如：I haven't seen him for two years.但是，像

come,arrive,buy等終止性動(dòng)詞不能與表示“一段時(shí)間”的狀語連用。要用，必須改為“be（在）”

等延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞來表述。現(xiàn)歸納總結(jié)一下由非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞到延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的轉(zhuǎn)換：

arrive→be herebegin(start)→be on

die→be dead

fall ill(sick,asleep)→be ill(sick,asleep)

get up→be upgo out→be out

finish →be overput on→wear 或be on

open→be openjoin→be in或 be a member of…

close→be closedgo to school→be a student

borrow→keepbuy→have

catch(a cold)→ have(a cold)get to know →know

begin to study→studycome to work→work等

如：He has been a soldier for three years.他參軍三年了。

His father has been dead for two years.他父親去世二年了。

The film has been on for ten minutes.電影已開始十分鐘了。

We have studied English for three years.我們（開始）學(xué)英語已三年了。

4.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和一般過去時(shí)的區(qū)別

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和一般過去時(shí)都表示在過去完成的動(dòng)作。但現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)的是這一動(dòng)

作與現(xiàn)在的關(guān)系。如對現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果或影響等，而一般過去時(shí)只表示動(dòng)作在過去某一時(shí)刻

發(fā)生，不表示和現(xiàn)在的關(guān)系。試比較：

I have lost my new book.我把新書丟了。（現(xiàn)在還未找到）

I lost my new book yesterday.我昨天把新書丟了。（昨天丟的，現(xiàn)在找到與否沒

說明）

5.幾點(diǎn)注意事項(xiàng)

（1）have been(to)與have gone(to)的區(qū)別：have been(to)表示“去過某地（現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)回來了）”，可用于各人稱；have gone(to)表示“去某地了（說話時(shí)某人不在當(dāng)?shù)兀保Ｓ糜诘谌朔Q，前者可與once ,never,several times等連用，后者則不能。如：They have been to Beijing twice.他們?nèi)ミ^北京兩次。

He has gone to Beijing.他去北京了。

（2）如單純表示一段時(shí)間，或強(qiáng)調(diào)一段時(shí)間，雖有since一詞，也不必用完成時(shí)。

如：It is two years since his father died.=His father has been dead for twoyears.他父親去世已有三年了。

（3）終止性動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的否定式，已變成一種可以延續(xù)的狀態(tài)，因此可以和

表示一段時(shí)間的狀語連用。

如：I haven't left here since 1997.自從1997年以來，我一直沒有離

開過這兒。

第二篇：一般過去與現(xiàn)在完成對比練習(xí)

三、用適當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)態(tài)填空：

1.She’s _____________(live)here ever since she was ten.2.Both of them ________________(be)in Hong Kong for ten days.3.Both of them ____________(come)to Hong Kong ten days ago.4.Half an hour __________(pass)since the train __________(leave).5.Mary________(lose)her pen.________ you _______(see)it here and there?

6._________ you _____(find)your watch yet?

7.---Are you thirsty?---No I _________just _________(have)some orange.8.We----already _________(return)the book.9.________ they _______(build)a new school in the village?

10.I _____________(not finish)my homework.Can you help me?

11.My father _____(read)the novel twice.12.I _________(buy)a book just now.13.I _________(lost)my watch yesterday.14.My father ___________(read)this book since yesterday

三、用適當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)態(tài)填空：

1.lived / has been living

2.have been

3.went

4.has passed;left

5.has lost;have , seen

6.Have , found

7.have , had

8.have , returned

9.Have , built

10.haven’t finished

11.has read

12.bought

13.lost

14.have been reading / has read

第三篇：過去與未來

一直以來很喜歡這句話：人生重要的不是所站的位置，而是所朝的方向。所以對于自己的過去與未來，我始終抱著平靜的心態(tài)。我感恩過去，我擁抱未來。

自工作以來，我一直從事會(huì)計(jì)及管理崗的工作。過去的幾年里，有過迷茫有過無措有過辛酸···可是時(shí)間長了，我變得快樂了，除了真正喜歡自己的工作外，我專心的投入工作中，并能從中發(fā)現(xiàn)樂趣。我感謝曾經(jīng)刁難我的同事，感謝給我重任務(wù)的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)，感謝周遭的朋友，沒有你們的幫助及提攜是沒有我五彩斑斕的過去的。在過去的幾年里我總結(jié)出了現(xiàn)在的工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)，讓我對于各種問題有了游刃有余解決的方法，也鍛煉了我的心智，讓我不斷的成熟與歷練起來。

對于未來，我始終認(rèn)為它與現(xiàn)在中間有著某種親密的聯(lián)系，而現(xiàn)在就與未來一直同在。我期待它美好的呈現(xiàn)，但我同樣努力的過著我的每個(gè)今天，我想實(shí)現(xiàn)自己的職業(yè)理想，更想為公司創(chuàng)造更多的效益。未來就在腳下就在今天，朝著既定的方向前行，在這漫長的路上一定會(huì)開出屬于我的絢爛的花朵！

第四篇：過去與未來

涼風(fēng)，帶來了舒爽的金秋，捎走了炎炎烈日。

人們都在忙碌。

運(yùn)動(dòng)員們在涂抹過去，刷新未來；

非運(yùn)動(dòng)員在傳遞、投遞、在服務(wù)。

發(fā)令槍那繃緊的心弦；

秒表那公平的面龐；

運(yùn)動(dòng)員緊張的肌肉；

廣播員那高效的工作。

一切啟發(fā)我去崇敬未來。

第五篇：現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)教案

現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)教案

常德淮陽中學(xué) 肖祥法

Teaching aims：

1.Review the grammar—— Continuous Tense 2.Master the basic structure of the Present Perfect Continuous Tense 3.Figure out the difference between Present Perfect Tense and Present Perfect Continuous Tense Knowledge aims: Teaching key point: Master the basic structure and the significance of Present Perfect Continuous Tense Teaching difficult point: How to distinguish the Present Perfect Tense and Present Perfect Continuous Tense

Teaching Procedures: Step 1Greet the class as usual Step 2 Lead-in Ask some students the questions:What are you doing now? When did you begin to study English? Help the students answer: We’re having an English class.We began to study English about 6 years ago.You’re studying English now.You’ll go on studying English.So, we say:“You have been studying English for about 6 years”How long have you been studying English? 引出現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)

Step 3 New study 1.The basic Structure of the Present Perfect Continuous Tense

現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)形式：

主語 + have/has + been + doing 劃線識別題

Those cats have been screaming for two hours.We have been waiting for him for two hours.It has been raining all day.I have been living here since three years ago.He has been reading this book for a week.You have been singing all day.2.the significance of Present Perfect Continuous Tense 引例句：

It began raining two hours ago.It is still raining now.通過以上兩句引出：

It has been raining for two hours.已經(jīng)下了兩小時(shí)的雨了。

現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的意義

1）.①過去發(fā)生

②動(dòng)作一直持續(xù)

常搭配時(shí)間狀語： since + 時(shí)間點(diǎn)；for + 時(shí)間段；all day等。

例句

Tom began playing games at 8 o’clock.He is still playing games now.Tom has been playing games since 8 o’clock.分析句子

It has been snowing all day.We have been waiting for you since 6 o’clock.They have been chanting for three hours.翻譯

他已經(jīng)睡了一整天了。

He has been sleeping all day.Lily 已經(jīng)哭了一小時(shí)了。

Lily has been crying for an hour.你已經(jīng)學(xué)了六年英語了。

You have been learning English for six years.現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的意義

2).表示在一段持續(xù)的時(shí)間內(nèi)動(dòng)作的多次重復(fù)，而這個(gè)重復(fù)的動(dòng)作在說話時(shí)并不一定在進(jìn)行。

例句

They have been building the bridge for two month.He has been playing basketball since he was ten.Maggie has been teaching English for ten years.翻譯

他已經(jīng)踢了八年足球了。

He has been playing football for eight years.自從今年開始我一直堅(jiān)持早起。

I have been getting early since this year.從昨天晚上以來我就一直告訴他別去。

I have been telling him not to go since last night.3.How to distinguish the Present Perfect Tense and Present Perfect Continuous Tense 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的區(qū)別

1).現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的完成，而現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的延續(xù)，因此，表示動(dòng)作的完成，只能用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，而不能用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。如：

He has changed his idea.他改變了想法。

2).在表示動(dòng)作的延續(xù)時(shí)，雖然既可用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，也可用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)，但現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的進(jìn)行。因此在需要明確表示動(dòng)作還要持續(xù)下去時(shí)，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。如：

We have been studying here for two years.我們在這兒已經(jīng)學(xué)習(xí)了兩年了。

相同點(diǎn)：1）謂語動(dòng)詞都是延續(xù)性的，如live，learn，study，wait,work,rain等。

2）都與“一段時(shí)間”連用。

例句

I have been learning/learned English for ten years.I have been living/lived here since three years ago.不同點(diǎn)：

1）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)——結(jié)果，現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)——過程。

2）現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)帶有一定的感情色彩。

例句

He has sung for two hours.He has been singing for two hours.Step 4 Practice —I have got a headache.—No wonder.You ______ in front of that computer too long.A.work B.are working C.have been working D.worked —I’m sure Andrew will win the first prize in the final.—I think so.He ______ for it for months.A.is preparing

B.was preparing C.had been preparing

D.has been preparing Excuse me, Marcia, a reporter from Vanity Fair ______ all day.Could you speak to her now? A.phones B.has phoned C.has been phoning

D.phoned 翻譯

我從昨天晚上就一直在給你打電話。

I have been calling you since last night。

他已經(jīng)等了我兩個(gè)小時(shí)了。

I have been waiting for you for two hours.我已經(jīng)工作一整天了。

I have been working all day。

Step5

Summary

本課內(nèi)容重點(diǎn)：

現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的形式：主語 + have + been doing 現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的意義：1.過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在 2.在一段持續(xù)的時(shí)間內(nèi)動(dòng)作的多次重復(fù) 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的比較：

相同點(diǎn)：1）謂語動(dòng)詞都是延續(xù)性的，如live，learn，study，wait,work,rain等。

2）都與“一段時(shí)間”連用。

不同點(diǎn)：

1）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)——結(jié)果，現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)——過程。

2）現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)帶有一定的感情色彩。

Step 6 Homework

1.復(fù)習(xí)課上所學(xué)知識點(diǎn)

2.完成現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的相關(guān)練習(xí)。

1.Tom ______ in the library every night over the last three months.A.works B.worked C.has been working D.had been working 2.Now that she is out of a job, Lucy ______ going back to school, but she hasn’t decided yet.A.had considered B.has been considering C.considered D.is going to consider

3.I won’t tell the student the answer to the math problem until he ______ on it for more than an hour.A.has been working B.will have worked C.will have been working D.had worked

4.Cathy is taking notes of the grammatical rules in class at Sunshine School, where she ______ English for a year.A.studies B.studied C.is studying D.has been studying 5.—I have got a headache.—No wonder.You ______ in front of that computer too long.A.work B.are working C.have been working D.worked 6.—I’m sure Andrew will win the first prize in the final.—I think so.He ______ for it for months.A.is preparing B.was preparing C.had been preparing D.has been preparing 7.Excuse me, Marcia, a reporter from Vanity Fair ______ all day.Could you speak to her now? A.phones B.has phoned C.has been phoning D.phoned 8.Over the past decades, sea ice ______ in the Arctic as a result of global warming.A.had decreased B.decreased C.has been decreasing D.is decreasing 9.—Why, Jack, you look so tired!

—Well, I ______ the house and I must finish the work tomorrow.A.was painting B.will be painting C.have painted D.have been painting 10.Mother wanted to be a good provider, a role she ______ since her marriage to Father.A.shoulders B.shouldered C.is shouldering D.has been shouldering