第一篇：高中家教英語(yǔ)—現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)

選擇題（歷年考試題）

1.----Do you sill play basket ball?----Oh, no, I ____it for the past two years.A． haven’t playedB． have playedC． didn’t play

D． played

2.----Do you know our town at all?----No, this is the first time I____ here.(92)

A． wasB． have beenC． cameD． am coming

3.The house is dirty.We ____ it for weeks.A． didn’t cleanB． hadn’t cleanedC． don’t clean

D． haven’t cleaned

4.My dictionary ____.I have looked for it everywhere but still it.A． has lost;don’t findB． is missing;don’t find

C． has lost;haven’t foundD． is missing;haven’t found

5.----I’m sorry to keep you waitting.----Oh, not at all.I____ here only a few minutes.A． have beenB． had beenC． wasD． will be

6.You don’t need to describe her.I ____her several times.A． had metB． have metC． metD． meet

7.----____the sports meet might be put off.---Yes, it all depends on the weather.A． I’ve been toldB． I’ve toldC． I’m toldD．I told

8.----Did you see Xiao Li at the party?---No,____ by the time I arrived.A． she’d leftB． she’s leftC． she was leftD． she must leave

9.They have been in the library since ____.A． a long timeC． it had been openC． eight o’clock

D． two hours

10.I still don’t know what____ while I was away from home.A． had happenedB． was happenedC． has happened

D． happened

11.He____ his leg when he____ in a football match againstanother school.A． broke;playedB． was breaking;was play

C． broke;was playingD． was breaking;played

12.My family and I____ our Christmas Eve dinner when the news

of the outbreak of the war____ over on the radio.A． enjoyed;cameB． were enjoying;was coming

C． enjoyed;was comingD． were enjoying;come

13.By the time the new pupil ____enough courage to raise hishand, the bell for the end of the lesson ____.A． had gathered;was already ringingB ． was gathering;had already rung

C． gathered;already rangD． would gather;would already have rung

14.All the furniture in the house ____to the landlord.A． is belongedB． BelongsC． belongD． are belonged

15.Hello!I____ you____ in London, How long have you beenhere?

A． don’t know;wereB． hadn’t known;are

C． haven’t known;areD． didn’t know;were

16.----You’ve agreed to go, so why aren’t you getting ready?

----But I____ that you____ us to start at once.A． don’t realize;wantB． don’t realize;wanted

C． haven’t realized;wantD． didn’t realize;wanted

17.Jack and Jane____ each other since they were children, sonobody was surprised to hear they were married.A． had knownB． have knownC． were knownD． knew

18.Tom was disappointed that most of the guests ____ when he at the party.A． left;had arrivedB． left;arrived

C． had left;had arrivedD． had left;arrived

19.----Come on in, Peter, I want to show you something.----Oh, how nice of you!I ____ you ____ to bring me a gift.A． never think;are goingB． never thought;were going

C． didn’t think;are goingD． hadn’t thought;were going

20.When I was at college I ____ three foreign languages, but

I ____ all except a few words of each.A． spoke;had forgottenB． spoke;have forgotten

C． had spoken;had forgottenD． had spoken;have forgotten

21.----Was Tom there when you arrived?

----Yes, but he____ soon afterwards.A． had leftB． leftC． will leaveD． leaves

第二篇：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)(復(fù)習(xí)課教案)

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)（復(fù)習(xí)課教案）

執(zhí)教者：鄔金霞

教學(xué)目的：主要復(fù)習(xí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，這一時(shí)態(tài)是初中階段的一個(gè)很重要的語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)，而學(xué)生又總不能很清晰的掌握它，故想通過(guò)本課的復(fù)習(xí)，讓學(xué)生能熟練掌握并正確運(yùn)用這一時(shí)態(tài)。

教學(xué)方法：講解法 教學(xué)用具：多媒體

教學(xué)過(guò)程：

Step1.Free talk 1.Have you ever been to Shanghai ? 2 How many times have you ever been there ? 3 How long have you been at this school? 4 How many English words have you learned so far ???.Step 2 Presentation 1 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的構(gòu)成 助動(dòng)詞have(has)+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞 2 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的主要用法

（1）表示過(guò)去發(fā)生或已完成的某一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果，常與already just yet never ever before 等連用,也可以和包括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ),如these days,this year,so far等連用.eg.----I have just washed my clothes.（洗衣服是發(fā)生在過(guò)去的動(dòng)作，對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的結(jié)果是衣服干凈了）

（2）表示過(guò)去已經(jīng)開(kāi)始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，可以和表示從過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在（包括“現(xiàn)在”在內(nèi)）的一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用。（for+表示一段時(shí)間的詞組，since+表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻的詞或詞組）謂語(yǔ)只可用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞.eg.---I’ve lived here for 15 years.eg.---I’ve lived here since 15 years ago(1990)Step 3 Revision 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)注意三個(gè)分清

1.分清have(has)been to表示某人曾經(jīng)去過(guò)某地 have(has)been in /at 表示某人去了某地并呆在那里一段時(shí)間 have(has)gone to表示某人去了某地人不在這里 2.分清與一般過(guò)去時(shí)的用法

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)屬于現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)的范圍，不能和表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，如yesterday,last night,three weeks ago,in1990等.而一般過(guò)去時(shí)只表示過(guò)去的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，和現(xiàn)在不發(fā)生關(guān)系。3 分清短暫性動(dòng)詞和延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞

短暫性動(dòng)詞常見(jiàn)的有 ：buy,borrow,open,close,begin,start,come,go,leave,finish, catch, join 延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞常見(jiàn)的有：be,work,study,learn,teach,live,have,keep,talk,walk,wait 短暫變延續(xù)最常見(jiàn)的有： buy-have, borrow-keep, leave-be away from, die-dead, open-be open, close-be closed，come-be here，begin/start-be on，put on-wear ,catch a cold-have a cold Step 4 Exercises 1選用for和since填空: 1.We haven’t seen each other ______ a long time.2.His father has been in the factory ______ 10 years ago.3.The film has been on ______ 20 minutes.4.Mr Green has worked here ______ he came to China.5.His grandparents have been dead ______ several years.6.It’s five years _______ we met last time 2動(dòng)詞填空：

1._____ you ______(clean)the room?

Yes, we_______(do)that already.When _______ you ______(do)it?

We _______(do)it an hour ago.2.______ he ______(see)this film yet? Yes.When _____ he _____(see)it?

He ______ it last week.3.How many times _____you______(come)here?

Once.4.I _______(read)the novel twice.It’s interesting.5.She _______(go)to Pairs, hasn’t she? Yes

How ______ she _______(go)there?

She _______(go)there by air.6.So far, many countries __________(develop)their software 7.Mr Chen ______(give)up smoking last year.8.______ you ever _____(ride)a horse? Never.9.He ______(keep)the book since two days ago.3中譯英：

1.我買了這塊手表五年了。2.這位老人已經(jīng)死了十年了。3.他已經(jīng)回來(lái)三天了。

4.他已經(jīng)借了這本書(shū)兩周了。5.我離開(kāi)家鄉(xiāng)已十年了。

Step 5 Homework Finish off the test paper

programs.

第三篇：8B期中復(fù)習(xí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)中譯英

8BUnit2現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)中譯英班級(jí)__________姓名___________

1.–你看過(guò)這本故事書(shū)嗎？-看過(guò)，我去年看的。

2– 他找到他的鋼筆了嗎？-還沒(méi)找到。

3從上星期三以來(lái)，我就沒(méi)見(jiàn)過(guò)他。

4.-你們彼此認(rèn)識(shí)多久了？十年了。他們是2000年認(rèn)識(shí)的。

5.-布萊克夫人什么時(shí)候來(lái)北京的？-上星期五。她已經(jīng)來(lái)了好幾天了。

6.自從他來(lái)到中國(guó)，他已經(jīng)交了許多朋友。

7.你去過(guò)上海，是嗎？是的。我去年去的。我爸爸今年夏天還會(huì)帶我去的。

8.“那位科學(xué)家到英國(guó)去幾次？”“只有一次，兩年前去過(guò)?！?/p>

9.你已經(jīng)認(rèn)識(shí)那個(gè)黃頭發(fā)、黑眼睛的女孩嗎？當(dāng)然了。我們3個(gè)月前就認(rèn)識(shí)了。

10.火車已經(jīng)開(kāi)走了嗎？是的。什么時(shí)候開(kāi)走的？半小時(shí)以前。

11我媽媽以前從未去過(guò)長(zhǎng)城。

12.自從他來(lái)到我們學(xué)校，我和他就成了好朋友

13.Lucy 在哪？可能她去圖書(shū)館了。她說(shuō)她半個(gè)小時(shí)后回來(lái)

14.Daniel四年前去的美國(guó)。他去美國(guó)有四年了?？赡芩衲甓煲貋?lái)了。

15你離開(kāi)香港有多久了？

16我叔叔到達(dá)香港有兩個(gè)半小時(shí)了。

17你已經(jīng)看過(guò)這部電影了嗎？是的。我上星期看過(guò)這部電影

18.自從他搬到福州，他就住這兒了

19他們已經(jīng)相互認(rèn)識(shí)有5年了。

20他們已經(jīng)結(jié)婚10年

21這會(huì)已開(kāi)了多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間了？45分鐘。什么時(shí)候會(huì)結(jié)束？15分鐘吧。

22我已經(jīng)在農(nóng)場(chǎng)里呆了五年。

23他離開(kāi)中國(guó)三年了。在這三年里他學(xué)到了許多。

24這本字典你已買了多久了？

25.既然你已做完作業(yè)，那就一起去做社工，為社區(qū)做一些工作吧。

26.、他昨天收到一封信他叔叔寄來(lái)的信。

27.、我父親以前到過(guò)長(zhǎng)城。明年他打算再去一次。

28、到目前為止，她已學(xué)了10首英文歌曲。

29、他這些天上哪兒去了？

30、抱歉現(xiàn)在我開(kāi)不了門(mén)了因?yàn)槲野谚€匙丟了。

31、你不必打掃教室了，因?yàn)槲覄倓倰哌^(guò)。

32、你已經(jīng)和了這么多酒（wine）.不準(zhǔn)開(kāi)車。我們一起打的回家吧。

33.音樂(lè)會(huì)還沒(méi)開(kāi)始，對(duì)嗎？是的，還沒(méi)有開(kāi)始?？禳c(diǎn)了，只剩下10分鐘了。

34.自2000年以來(lái)，這個(gè)小村莊已經(jīng)變成了一個(gè)現(xiàn)代化城鎮(zhèn)了。

35.大部分廠家已經(jīng)不知道如何處理（deal with）水污染。他們不會(huì)再把廢料排放進(jìn)河里。

36.你父母親已去過(guò)不少西方國(guó)家了吧？

37.到目前為止政府已經(jīng)采取措施來(lái)禁止酒后開(kāi)車了(after drinking)。

38．自從她進(jìn)入這所中學(xué)以來(lái)，她就已經(jīng)變得和善多了。

第四篇：英語(yǔ)時(shí)態(tài)小結(jié)

Tenses 時(shí)態(tài)

1, present simple 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)

A, structure 結(jié)構(gòu): V---動(dòng)詞原形Vs---第三人稱單數(shù)

B, use

a, a fact that is always true or that is true for a long time

eg.I come from China.She works for a big company.b, a habit: every, often, usually, always, sometimes, never…

eg.My father always goes to work by car.C, negative: don’t / doesn’t + V

D, questions: Do / Does + 主語(yǔ)+ V

2, present continuous

A, structure: am/is/are+ V-ing

B, use

a, sth.in progress now: now, at the moment, today

eg.We are having an English class now.b, a future arrangement: this evening, tonight, tomorrow, next…

eg.She is playing tennis with her friends this afternoon.C, negative: be + not

D, question: be 提到主語(yǔ)之前

3, present perfect

A, structure: have / has + p.p

B, use

a, an experience in life: ever, never, all one’s life

eg.Have you ever been abroad?

b, a past action continues to now: for, since, recently, so far, for the past two weeks…h(huán)ow long

eg.I have worked in this company since I graduated from university.c, a past action with a result now: just, already, yet

eg.She has already done the washing up.C, negative: have / has + not

D, question: Have / Has 提前

※no definite time in this tense現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)沒(méi)有確定的時(shí)間

4, present perfect continuous

A, structure: have / has + been + V-ing

B, use

a, a past action continues to now

eg.I have been waiting for you for ages！

b, a past action with a result now

eg.My back aches because I have been working in the garden all day.I’m hot because I have been running.My eyes are red because I have been reading all day.I’m wet because I have been washing my dog.C, negative: have/has + not

D, question: have/has提前

E, the differences between the present perfect simple and the present perfect continuous

a, to emphasize the result, we use the present perfect simple強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果，用一般的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。

to emphasize the activity, we use the present perfect continuous強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作，用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。

b, the results are different: for the direct results of the activity, we use the simple, for the indirect ones, we use the continuous form.對(duì)動(dòng)作造成的直接結(jié)果，用一般的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，對(duì)間接結(jié)果，用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。

eg.I have repaired the car.(the result here: the car is ok now)

I have been repairing the car.(the result here: my hands are dirty now/ I’m tired now)

c, some words have an idea for a short time: lose, stop…we use the simple eg.I’ve lost my purse.some words have an idea for a long time: work, learn…we use the continuous eg.I’ve been working here for 3 years.d, some state verbs can’t be used in the continuous form, so we use the simple one.狀態(tài)詞不能用在進(jìn)行時(shí)里。

e, if there are numbers and quantity, we use the simple form.如果有數(shù)字和數(shù)量，用一般的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。

eg.I have written three letters this morning.I have been writing the letter this morning.補(bǔ)充：state verbs

a, verbs of thinking and opinions

think(認(rèn)為)，know, understand, believe, mean, remember, forget

b, verbs of emotions and feelings

like, love, hate, want, hope, wish

c, verbs of having and being

have(有)，belong, own, cost, need, depend on

d, verbs of the senses

look看起來(lái), hear聽(tīng)起來(lái), taste嘗起來(lái), smell聞起來(lái), feel摸起來(lái)

※ 有標(biāo)注中文意思的這些詞，只有在這些意思的時(shí)候，才是狀態(tài)詞，沒(méi)有進(jìn)行時(shí)，意思改變的時(shí)候是可以的。

eg.I am thinking of changing my job.考慮

We were having dinner when someone called.吃

She is tasting the soup.品嘗

5, past simple

A, structure: V-ed 動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去時(shí)，有的是不規(guī)則變化。

B, use

a, a past action.eg.I went camping with colleagues last weekend.C, negative: didn’t + V

D, question: Did + 主語(yǔ)+ V

E, the differences between the past simple and the present perfect

a, if there is a definite past time, we can’t use the present perfect: yesterday, last night, last Monday…in 1999, when I was a little child…有確切的過(guò)去時(shí)間，不能用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。

eg.I met my husband when I was in the university.6, past continuous

A, structure: was / were + V-ing

B, use

a, an action that was in progress at a certain time in the past: this time yesterday, at 8:00 last night…

eg.I was doing my revision this time yesterday.b,a past simple interrupted a past continuous一般過(guò)去時(shí)打斷過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí): when, while, as

eg.I was shopping when I lost my mobile.c, to describe a scene in a story 描述故事的場(chǎng)景

eg.It was Sunday.The sun was shining and the birds were singing.C, negative: was/were + not

D, question:: was/were 提前

7, past perfect

A, structure: had + p.p

B, use

a, a past action happened before a past action 過(guò)去的過(guò)去

eg.When I got to the station, the train had already gone.※ 在時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中，特別是when, while, as引導(dǎo)的從句中，肯定是有兩個(gè)動(dòng)作，時(shí)態(tài)要這樣用：

如果兩個(gè)動(dòng)作是一個(gè)借一個(gè)發(fā)生的，兩個(gè)都用一般過(guò)去時(shí)：

eg.When I got home, she cooked dinner.我到家之后，她去做飯。

如果兩個(gè)動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，短的動(dòng)作打斷長(zhǎng)的動(dòng)作，短的用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，長(zhǎng)的用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)：

eg.When I got home, she was cooking dinner, 當(dāng)我到家的時(shí)候，她正在做飯。如果兩個(gè)動(dòng)作，一個(gè)是過(guò)去發(fā)生的，另外一個(gè)在這個(gè)過(guò)去時(shí)間的過(guò)去發(fā)生，那么第一個(gè)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，第二個(gè)用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)：

eg.When I got home, she had cooked dinner.8, future tenses

Struture1: will + V

Use: a, express an intention, decision, offer made at the moment of speaking.eg.-----I have a letter to post.-----well, I’m going to the post office, so I will post it for you.b, a prediction based on personal opinion, often with “I think…will/ I don’t think…will”

eg.-------Where are you going on holiday this year?

c, a future fact.Eg.Those followers won’t grow under the tree.You will be ill if you eat all those sweets!

-------I don’t know.Maybe I will visit my grandmother.Structure2: am/is/are + V-ing

Use: a future arrangement made before speaking

Structure3: be going to + V

Use: a, a future plan, intension made before speaking

b, a prediction based on fact and evidence

eg.Look at the clouds!It’s going to rain.My aunt is going to have a baby this summer.

第五篇：英語(yǔ)時(shí)態(tài)總結(jié)

英語(yǔ)時(shí)態(tài)總結(jié)

時(shí)態(tài)（Tense）是表示行為、動(dòng)作和狀態(tài)在各種時(shí)間條件下的動(dòng)詞形式。因此，當(dāng)我們說(shuō)時(shí)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)的時(shí)候，指的是相應(yīng)時(shí)態(tài)下的動(dòng)詞形式。

英語(yǔ)時(shí)態(tài)分為16種：一般現(xiàn)在、一般過(guò)去、一般將來(lái)、過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)，以及這四者的進(jìn)行時(shí)、完成時(shí)和完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。在這里，我們重點(diǎn)講解一下最常見(jiàn)的11種時(shí)態(tài)的用法和注意事項(xiàng)。

1.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：小學(xué)就開(kāi)始學(xué)這個(gè)，大家都會(huì)吧，有幾點(diǎn)強(qiáng)調(diào)一下我們就走。

A)表示現(xiàn)在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作、情況、狀態(tài)和特征。If it is not too much trouble, I would like a cup of tea.B)習(xí)慣用語(yǔ):這個(gè)要在平時(shí)自己積累，因?yàn)榱?xí)語(yǔ)太多，我不做過(guò)多解釋。

Ie: Believe it or not, his discovery had created a stir in scientific circles.口語(yǔ)中常說(shuō)believe it or not，意思是：“信不信由你”，“我說(shuō)的是真的”。believe it or not是一個(gè)固定說(shuō)法，相當(dāng)一個(gè)插入語(yǔ)，短語(yǔ)中的believe沒(méi)有詞形變化。這點(diǎn)要注意，以后會(huì)教你們動(dòng)名詞的用法，到時(shí)候會(huì)牽涉到主語(yǔ)的問(wèn)題。

C)經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作。

Ie：He always helps others.（他總是幫助別人。）

D)客觀事實(shí)和普遍真理。尤其要注意，如果前后文不是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，則無(wú)法保持主句、從句時(shí)態(tài)一致.ex: He said that the sun rises in the east.這個(gè)句子要注意，到了以后的定語(yǔ)從句經(jīng)常會(huì)有這樣的問(wèn)題，具體細(xì)節(jié)到 時(shí)候在說(shuō)，不過(guò)你們要先有這樣的概念：客觀事實(shí)無(wú)論謂語(yǔ)的時(shí)態(tài)是什么都用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。

E)表示一個(gè)按規(guī)定、計(jì)劃或安排要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，（僅限于某些表示“來(lái)、去、動(dòng)、停、開(kāi)始、結(jié)束、繼續(xù)”等的動(dòng)詞）可以與表示未來(lái)時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)搭配使用。常見(jiàn)的用法是：飛機(jī)、火車、輪船、汽車等定期定點(diǎn)運(yùn)行的交通方式。

ex: When does the plan leave?這個(gè)句子注意一下，就是這么用的，有人會(huì)注意到這樣的問(wèn)題: The plane leaves at 3 o’clock this afternoon.為什么不用將來(lái)時(shí)，對(duì)了，很奇怪，但就是這么用的。

F)在時(shí)間和條件狀語(yǔ)從句里經(jīng)常用一般現(xiàn)在（有時(shí)也用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)）表示將來(lái)事情。

Ie: When you finish the report, I will have waited for 3 hours.（完成時(shí)，往下看會(huì)出現(xiàn)）

2.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)(be doing)的用法：上了初一就教這個(gè)吧，比一般現(xiàn)在還簡(jiǎn)單。表示現(xiàn)在正在做的動(dòng)作，但要注意有的動(dòng)詞不能用于進(jìn)行時(shí)，這類詞稱為短暫性動(dòng)詞，如，open, borrow等等，在完成時(shí)態(tài)常常會(huì)碰到，平時(shí)要注意積累。

3.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)(have done)：重要考點(diǎn)，初二以后幾乎都是完成時(shí)態(tài)。

A)表示動(dòng)作到現(xiàn)在為止已經(jīng)完成或剛剛完成。

ex: I have just finished my homework.B)表示從過(guò)去某時(shí)刻開(kāi)始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或情況，并且有可能會(huì)繼續(xù)延續(xù)下去。此時(shí)經(jīng)常用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)常用since加一個(gè)過(guò)去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)，或for 加一段時(shí)間，或by加一個(gè)現(xiàn)在時(shí)間。這里聯(lián)系進(jìn)行時(shí)，他們都一樣，不能用短暫性動(dòng)詞，★★★☆☆考點(diǎn)。

C)表示發(fā)生在過(guò)去，但對(duì)現(xiàn)在仍有影響的動(dòng)作或情況。通常用點(diǎn)動(dòng)詞，如：arrive, begin, find, give, lose等。

例：John has broken his left leg.（約翰摔斷了左腿。）

注意：

A)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)是聯(lián)系過(guò)去和現(xiàn)在的紐帶?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和過(guò)去時(shí)的區(qū)別在于：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的動(dòng)態(tài)，或受動(dòng)態(tài)的影響，是動(dòng)態(tài)的結(jié)果，對(duì)現(xiàn)在有影響；過(guò)去時(shí)只表示過(guò)去的某個(gè)具體時(shí)間里發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，與現(xiàn)在沒(méi)有聯(lián)系。

例：He worked in that hospital for 8 years.（他曾經(jīng)在那家醫(yī)院工作了8年。這只是講述一個(gè)過(guò)去的事實(shí)，他現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不在那家醫(yī)院了。）

He has worked in that hospital for 8 years.（他已經(jīng)在那家醫(yī)院里工作了8年。表示他從過(guò)去開(kāi)始工作，一直工作到現(xiàn)在，現(xiàn)在仍在那家醫(yī)院工作。）

B)因?yàn)楹衒or加一段時(shí)間或since加一個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)這樣的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)的完成時(shí)，有動(dòng)態(tài)和延續(xù)性的特點(diǎn)，所以不能使用終端動(dòng)詞或瞬間動(dòng)詞。

例：My sister has been married for 5 years.（過(guò)去分詞做表語(yǔ)表示狀態(tài)，可以延續(xù)）

My sister has married.Don't disturb her.（終端動(dòng)詞）

C)在“this is the first/ second/ third…… time that……”句型里要求用完成時(shí)。

例： This is the second time that the products of our company have been shown in the International Exhibition.（這是我公司產(chǎn)品第二次參加國(guó)際展覽會(huì)。）

D)句型“It is/ has been……since”所使用的兩種時(shí)態(tài)都正確。

例：It is/ has been 10 years since I last saw him.（從我上次見(jiàn)到他以來(lái)已經(jīng)10年了。）

E)在“no sooner than”、“hardly/ scarcely ……when”、“before”、“prior to”（在……之前）等句型中，主句要求完成時(shí)。

例：I haven't met that professor prior to today.（以前我從未見(jiàn)過(guò)那位教授。）

4.現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)(have been doing)：和現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)很像

1)用法：表示某一動(dòng)作開(kāi)始于過(guò)去某一時(shí)間，延續(xù)或重復(fù)地出現(xiàn)至今，或?qū)⒗^續(xù)延續(xù)至將來(lái)。

例：We have been working on this project for over a month now.（到目前為止，我們一直在處理那個(gè)項(xiàng)目，已經(jīng)花了一個(gè)多月時(shí)間了。）

2)注意事項(xiàng)：與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)相比，現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)更強(qiáng)調(diào)：在從過(guò)去到現(xiàn)在的時(shí)間里，動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)一直持續(xù)或一直反復(fù)出現(xiàn)。

5.一般過(guò)去時(shí)

A)表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或情況。

ex:I went to Beijing last year.B)表示過(guò)去習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作。特別是由would/ used to do表達(dá)的句型，本身表示的就是過(guò)去時(shí)。

ex: I used to live here.（注意used to 和be used to 的區(qū)別，used to表過(guò)去常常，be used to 表示習(xí)慣于，前者to是不定式符號(hào)，后者則是介詞，后接名詞、動(dòng)名詞、代詞）

C)有時(shí)可代替一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，表達(dá)一種婉轉(zhuǎn)、客氣、禮貌、商量的語(yǔ)氣。

ex: Would you mind my sitting here?（您介意我坐在這里嗎？）

Could you pass me the pen?

注意：

A)注意時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)的搭配。一般過(guò)去時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)應(yīng)該是表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間的詞或詞組，如：yesterday, last month, in 1999, two days ago等，絕對(duì)不可與recently, in the past 10 years, this month等連用，因?yàn)檫@樣的時(shí) 間狀語(yǔ)都與現(xiàn)在有關(guān)系，應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)或一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。注意，到了初二將會(huì)是★★★★☆考點(diǎn)，不會(huì)不行，逃不了的，幾乎每次都考。

B)used to do的否定形式和疑問(wèn)形式很特別：你怎么寫(xiě)都正確。以否定形式為例：used not to do, didn't used to do, didn't use to do都對(duì)。

6.過(guò)去完成時(shí)(had done)

用法：表示在過(guò)去的某個(gè)時(shí)間或動(dòng)作以前已經(jīng)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或已經(jīng)存在的狀態(tài)。就是我們常說(shuō)的：表示“過(guò)去的過(guò)去的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)”。

畫(huà)一條時(shí)間軸過(guò)去完成＿＿●＿一般過(guò)去＿◇＿一般現(xiàn)在＿＿＿○＿＿＿＿＿＿

2)注意事項(xiàng)：“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”這種邏輯關(guān)系常通過(guò)上下文體現(xiàn)出來(lái)，而不一定受某個(gè)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)的限制。ex: There had been some one in our room just now, because I noticed a burning cigarette end on the floor when we opened the front door.7.過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)(would/ should do)表示從過(guò)去的某個(gè)時(shí)間看將要發(fā)生的事。其實(shí)和將來(lái)時(shí)沒(méi)什么區(qū)別啦。ex: I said on Thursday I should see my friend the next day.賓從、直引經(jīng)常碰到這樣的例子，注意。

8.過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)(was/ were doing)

A)表示在過(guò)去一個(gè)比較具體的時(shí)間正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。

ex: I was doing my homework at this time yesterday.B)如果when, while這樣的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)引導(dǎo)詞所引導(dǎo)的主從句之一是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，則另一個(gè)句子常用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。

ex: I was washing my hair when you knocked at the front door.9.一般將來(lái)時(shí)

A)基本結(jié)構(gòu)是will / shall do。古英語(yǔ)認(rèn)為will用于第二、三人稱，shall用于第一人稱，但后來(lái)沒(méi)做硬性規(guī)定，will比較常用。I will be home at 10.B)有些動(dòng)詞，如：arrive, be close, come, do, done, go, have, leave, open, play, return, sleep, start, stay等，用于一般進(jìn)行時(shí)，并且通常與一個(gè)表示將來(lái)時(shí)間的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，可以表示將來(lái)時(shí)。初一接觸比較 多的是be going to，后面的包括will/shall到了后來(lái)才出現(xiàn)，其他如sleep很少見(jiàn)，初中階段我?guī)缀鯖](méi)見(jiàn)過(guò)sleep這么用的，leave, come, arrive也常見(jiàn)

ex: My mother is coming to visit me next week and is staying here until May.C)表示“即將、正要”時(shí)，可用be about to do。強(qiáng)調(diào)近期內(nèi)或馬上要做的事，后常與when連用。ex: I was about to speak when you interrupted me.D）“be to do”的5種用法：

a)表示“按計(jì)劃、安排即將發(fā)生某事或打算做某事”。

例：She is to be seen in the lab on Monday.（星期一你準(zhǔn)會(huì)在實(shí)驗(yàn)室見(jiàn)到她。）

b)該做或不該做的事情（語(yǔ)氣上接近于should, must, ought to, have to），表示一種命令、規(guī)勸性語(yǔ)氣。例：You are to go to bed and keep quiet, kids.Our guests are arriving in less than 5 minutes.（孩子們，你們必須 上床睡覺(jué)，不準(zhǔn)吵鬧。我們的客人5分鐘之內(nèi)就要到了。）

c)能或不能發(fā)生的事情（接近c(diǎn)an, may）

例：How am I to pay such a debt?（我怎么可能還得起這么大的一筆債呢？）

d)不可避免將要發(fā)生的事情，后來(lái)將要發(fā)生的事情。

例：I assure you that the matter _______ as quickly as possible.Have a little patience.A.will be attended B.will be attended to

C.is attended D.is attended to

will be attended to關(guān)鍵的一點(diǎn)是：attend表示“處理，解決”時(shí)是不及物動(dòng)詞，必須與to連用。另外，從上下文看，事情顯然尚未解決，所以應(yīng)該用將來(lái)時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。答案是B。

E)同樣可以表示“正要、將要”的意思的句型是be on the point of doing。The coach is on the point of giving up the game because our team has been scored 7 points.注意：

在 以if, when, as long as, as soon as, after, before, in case, until, unless 等連詞以及具有連詞作用的副詞（immediately, the moment, directly）等引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句，一般用現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替將來(lái)時(shí)。強(qiáng)調(diào) 延續(xù)性或動(dòng)態(tài)時(shí)，可用完成時(shí)。

例：I hope his health will have improved by the time you come back next year.（我希望到明年你回來(lái)的時(shí)候，他的身體已經(jīng)好多了。）

10.將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)(will be doing)調(diào)在將來(lái)的某個(gè)具體時(shí)間正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或事情。

ex: Don't worry, you won't miss her.She will be wearing a red T-shirt and a white skirt at that time.11.將來(lái)完成時(shí)(will have done)表示從將來(lái)的某一時(shí)間開(kāi)始、延續(xù)到另一個(gè)將來(lái)時(shí)間的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，或是發(fā)生在某個(gè)將來(lái)時(shí)間，但對(duì)其后的另一個(gè) 將來(lái)時(shí)間有影響的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。就好象把現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)平移到時(shí)間軸的將來(lái)時(shí)時(shí)段一樣。其用法從和過(guò)去及現(xiàn)在有關(guān)，變成了和將來(lái)及將來(lái)的將來(lái)有關(guān)。

ex: It is reported that by the end of this century the people of Chinese will have increased by 2 billion.