第一篇：《傲慢與偏見(jiàn)》中的戲劇性特色論文

論文摘要：本文從情節(jié)結(jié)構(gòu)、人物塑造、舞臺(tái)場(chǎng)景、敘事角度四個(gè)方面對(duì)簡(jiǎn)·奧斯丁的代表作《傲慢與偏見(jiàn)》進(jìn)行了較為詳細(xì)的闡述，剖析該作品神奇的戲劇性特色。

論文關(guān)鍵詞：小說(shuō)《傲慢與偏見(jiàn)》戲劇性特色四個(gè)方面

小說(shuō)《傲慢與偏見(jiàn)》是英國(guó)批判現(xiàn)實(shí)主義作家簡(jiǎn)·奧斯?。↗aneAusten）的代表作。這部作品以日常生活為素材，通過(guò)對(duì)婚姻問(wèn)題的描寫(xiě)，生動(dòng)地反映了18世紀(jì)末19世紀(jì)初處于保守和閉塞狀態(tài)下的英國(guó)鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)生活和世態(tài)人情。奧斯丁因?yàn)殚L(zhǎng)期居住在封建保守勢(shì)力較強(qiáng)的農(nóng)村，生活圈子十分狹窄，所以她的小說(shuō)的取材范圍較小，她常把故事的背景放在有三四家大戶(hù)的鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)上。但在她熟悉的范圍之內(nèi)，她寫(xiě)得非常精確細(xì)致，后人常以她自稱(chēng)其作品為“三寸牙雕”來(lái)評(píng)價(jià)她的作品，可見(jiàn)其觀(guān)察之敏銳，筆觸之細(xì)膩。我認(rèn)為除了其作品的細(xì)致之外，奧斯丁的偉大之處還在于她的絕妙的戲劇力量。本文嘗試從以下四個(gè)方面入手來(lái)分析該作品的戲劇性特色。

1.情節(jié)結(jié)構(gòu)

《傲慢與偏見(jiàn)》的故事講的是18世紀(jì)末19世紀(jì)初英國(guó)某鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)上某鄉(xiāng)紳家的幾個(gè)女兒的戀愛(ài)和結(jié)婚。主線(xiàn)是二女兒伊麗莎白因少年紳士達(dá)西的傲慢，對(duì)他產(chǎn)生很深的偏見(jiàn)，后來(lái)又消除了偏見(jiàn)，和他相愛(ài)，成為眷屬。小說(shuō)以伊麗莎白的行動(dòng)為敘述中心來(lái)展開(kāi)情節(jié)，與此成網(wǎng)狀的輔助情節(jié)線(xiàn)形成平行對(duì)照：吉英與彬格萊的相愛(ài)與結(jié)婚，柯林斯的求婚與夏綠蒂的聯(lián)姻，伊麗莎白與韋翰的那段短暫的感情糾葛，以及韋翰與麗迪雅的私奔及至最終結(jié)合，甚至班納特先生與太太的婚姻狀況都無(wú)不與主要情節(jié)發(fā)生著密不可分的關(guān)系，它們或以自身的單薄、蒼白豐富反襯了“達(dá)伊”主線(xiàn)，或以?xún)?nèi)在的聯(lián)系催化了“達(dá)伊”主線(xiàn)的進(jìn)展。這些“插曲”都處在相對(duì)固定的空間中的直線(xiàn)時(shí)間延伸過(guò)程中的某一點(diǎn)。而主要情節(jié)的縱向發(fā)展無(wú)疑也是小說(shuō)戲劇特征的一個(gè)方面。所以《傲慢與偏見(jiàn)》也像戲劇那樣，有一個(gè)嚴(yán)密的布局，既沒(méi)有不必要的人物，又沒(méi)有不必要的情節(jié)，整個(gè)故事的發(fā)展都是環(huán)環(huán)相扣的。

小說(shuō)第一章開(kāi)始便有這樣一段非常有趣的開(kāi)場(chǎng)白：“凡是有錢(qián)的單身漢，總想娶位太太，這已經(jīng)成了一位舉世公認(rèn)的真理。這樣的單身漢，每逢新搬到一個(gè)地方，四鄰八舍雖然完全不了解他的性情如何，……因此人們總是把他看作自己某一個(gè)女兒理所應(yīng)得的一筆財(cái)產(chǎn)?！彪S著這句“畫(huà)外音”剛剛落地，故事的帷幕徐徐拉開(kāi)，班納特先生和太太的一段對(duì)話(huà)把我們帶入一個(gè)喜劇世界。以班納特太太處心積慮地嫁出五個(gè)女兒開(kāi)始，整個(gè)故事情節(jié)圍繞著女兒們的婚事而起落曲折地展開(kāi)。全文開(kāi)頭所埋下的這個(gè)“結(jié)”成為情節(jié)的發(fā)生、展開(kāi)、推向高潮和最終結(jié)局的動(dòng)力。小說(shuō)的高潮點(diǎn)就在達(dá)西向伊麗莎白求婚受挫后所寫(xiě)的辯白信那一刻，它標(biāo)志了男女主人公相向轉(zhuǎn)化的開(kāi)始。至此，以往的一切都隨著這個(gè)高潮發(fā)展，繼后的又朝著這個(gè)結(jié)局歸宿。達(dá)西和伊麗莎白最后結(jié)合了，一度破壞了的平衡重新恢復(fù)了，“戲”也趨于結(jié)局?！斑@種出乎自然與合乎發(fā)展的邏輯性，是戲劇小說(shuō)情節(jié)的真正鮮明的特征”。

小說(shuō)中的戲劇性“懸念”敘述使得整個(gè)故事如一幕幕的戲劇展開(kāi)，卻毫無(wú)現(xiàn)實(shí)中的單調(diào)與乏味。小說(shuō)一開(kāi)始，彬格萊先生租下了尼日裴花園，攜同其姐妹和朋友達(dá)西來(lái)到班納特一家所在地浪博恩。彬格萊顯然愛(ài)上了吉英，大家心里喚起了希望。但因班納特太太操之過(guò)急，言談失體，反而嚇退了彬格萊，班納特一家的第一次希望破滅了；接著，班納特的表侄柯林斯牧師因要繼承班家財(cái)產(chǎn)，為了對(duì)其一家予以補(bǔ)償，向伊麗莎白求婚，遭到拒絕后，轉(zhuǎn)而向鄰村的盧卡斯小姐求婚。至此，班納特太太的全部希望統(tǒng)統(tǒng)落空，又形成了戲劇懸念。正當(dāng)班納特一家嫁女前景十分黯淡時(shí)，傲慢的貴族青年達(dá)西情不自禁向伊麗莎白吐露真情，正式求婚，伊麗莎白出于偏見(jiàn)，毫不客氣地拒絕了他，事情似乎到了絕境。然而正是達(dá)西向伊麗莎白求婚一事，將伊麗莎白對(duì)達(dá)西的誤會(huì)與偏見(jiàn)全部暴露出來(lái)，為他們之間消除誤會(huì)，終于和好，以及彬格萊與吉英的最終結(jié)合等一系列事件鋪平了道路，促成了皆大歡喜的結(jié)局。我們可以看到小說(shuō)以班納特太太急于嫁女開(kāi)始，以成功嫁出三個(gè)女兒告終，這一結(jié)局正與小說(shuō)那句精彩的開(kāi)場(chǎng)白遙相呼應(yīng)，從結(jié)構(gòu)上可謂天衣無(wú)縫。最后一章，對(duì)各個(gè)人物又做了一番交代，頗如戲劇的尾聲，大幕徐徐落下。

2.人物塑造

《傲慢與偏見(jiàn)》的戲劇性特色還體現(xiàn)在它的人物塑造上。奧斯丁對(duì)人物的塑造非常有特點(diǎn)。她不喜歡采用鋪張的描寫(xiě)性的段落，也不自己出場(chǎng)“插話(huà)”或“發(fā)議論”，而不是告訴讀者人物如何如何，她是把人物推到讀者面前，讓他們自己表演，就如同導(dǎo)演把人物推上戲劇舞臺(tái)，讓他們自己在觀(guān)眾面前表演一樣。小說(shuō)人物一出場(chǎng)，總是扼要介紹其身份處境，接著立刻使人物進(jìn)入動(dòng)作，這很像戲劇中的旁白或是字幕。然后，通過(guò)每一次人物的談話(huà)、接觸，通過(guò)人物的種種細(xì)微動(dòng)作情態(tài)與心理，抓住每一個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)讓人物自己表現(xiàn)自己，并在相互對(duì)比中突出人物各自的本質(zhì)特征。例如第一章班納特夫婦間的那段經(jīng)典對(duì)白，把班太太的“智力窮乏，不學(xué)無(wú)術(shù)”和班先生的“喜歡插科打諢，愛(ài)挖苦人”表現(xiàn)得淋漓盡致，只要他們的對(duì)話(huà)不結(jié)束，班太太的愚蠢就不會(huì)停止外露，班先生愛(ài)揶揄諷刺的性格也就會(huì)不時(shí)地展現(xiàn)在讀者面前。又如第十八章柯林斯先生巴結(jié)、奉承達(dá)西的一段動(dòng)作及談話(huà)和達(dá)西對(duì)他很輕蔑的態(tài)度，將柯林斯愚蠢笨拙、巴結(jié)權(quán)勢(shì)的嘴臉和達(dá)西高傲但正直的性格惟妙惟肖地展現(xiàn)在讀者眼前?？傊瑠W斯丁是通過(guò)符合角色的自我表現(xiàn)來(lái)吸引和打動(dòng)讀者的，無(wú)論是活潑調(diào)皮、機(jī)智幽默的伊麗莎白，還是外表迷人實(shí)則浪蕩無(wú)恥的軍官韋翰，或是頭腦簡(jiǎn)單、任性輕浮的麗迪雅，各個(gè)人物都在作者設(shè)置的舞臺(tái)上生動(dòng)地表演起來(lái)。

3.舞臺(tái)場(chǎng)景

在《傲慢與偏見(jiàn)》中，場(chǎng)景作為人物活動(dòng)的基本舞臺(tái)，被安排得頗具戲劇舞臺(tái)的特色。這些場(chǎng)景并不像很多優(yōu)秀的小說(shuō)那樣場(chǎng)面宏大，不斷發(fā)生變化，令人目不暇接。相反，這些場(chǎng)景相當(dāng)有限，人物活動(dòng)都集中于幾個(gè)地點(diǎn)，顯得單一不變。事實(shí)上小說(shuō)中所出現(xiàn)的供人物活動(dòng)的場(chǎng)所只有兩種形態(tài)：一是室外的花園，二是室內(nèi)的客廳，一切有人物活動(dòng)的戲（跳舞、談話(huà)）都集中于此。集中，無(wú)疑是戲劇的最常見(jiàn)的藝術(shù)手法，敘事作品的戲劇性也體現(xiàn)在敘述中處理時(shí)空的集中場(chǎng)景之中。再者為了同一效果，場(chǎng)景的轉(zhuǎn)換也是含糊不清和簡(jiǎn)捷的。從這家的客廳到那家的花園，誰(shuí)也說(shuō)不清班家、盧家和尼日斐的客廳有什么不同，柯林斯家的花園與班納特家花園又有什么區(qū)別。其實(shí)場(chǎng)景的含混不清才更能突出人物，背景的淡化才更使情節(jié)的發(fā)生具有普遍性。奧斯丁的特殊之處就在于她并不熱衷于敘述或描寫(xiě)景色和環(huán)境，也無(wú)意通過(guò)作品來(lái)描繪廣闊的社會(huì)畫(huà)面，而只想設(shè)置一個(gè)能給人物提供活動(dòng)，建立各種關(guān)系的舞臺(tái)。

4.敘事角度

敘事視角是敘述學(xué)的一個(gè)重要范疇，指作者從什么角度來(lái)敘述故事。奧斯丁在敘述情節(jié)時(shí)，一開(kāi)始采用了傳統(tǒng)的全知敘述角度，以一種自信冷靜的態(tài)度將主人公伊麗莎白和達(dá)西引入我們的視野中心，這樣做有利于讀者對(duì)全局有一個(gè)大概了解。但隨著情節(jié)的逐步深入，到了第十章以后（就在達(dá)西不由自主地愛(ài)上伊麗莎白以后），作者敘述的視角慢慢發(fā)生了轉(zhuǎn)移，伊麗莎白成為小說(shuō)的中心和焦點(diǎn)，故事里的人物、事件主要由她去耳聞目睹和見(jiàn)證，轉(zhuǎn)述的也大都是她自外部接受的信息和產(chǎn)生的內(nèi)心沖突，整個(gè)敘述被盡可能地限制在她的世界里了。它的好處是一方面引導(dǎo)讀者與女主人公伊麗莎白進(jìn)行角色認(rèn)同，感同身受，為她同悲同喜；另一方面不落痕跡地忽視了對(duì)達(dá)西、韋翰等的心理描寫(xiě)，造成情節(jié)懸念。這種敘事視角的轉(zhuǎn)移很像戲劇舞臺(tái)上燈光的轉(zhuǎn)移，戲剛上演的時(shí)候燈光散落在舞臺(tái)上每一個(gè)角色上，隨著戲劇情節(jié)的深入，舞臺(tái)上的燈光慢慢聚焦到主要人物身上，愈來(lái)愈亮，而其余的均是暗色調(diào)。

綜上所述，簡(jiǎn)·奧斯丁的代表作《傲慢與偏見(jiàn)》中蘊(yùn)含著許多戲劇化的特點(diǎn)。她就是這樣，一方面作為小說(shuō)家來(lái)敘述故事，并不露聲色地在一旁略加點(diǎn)評(píng)，另一方面又作為杰出的戲劇大師將人物推上舞臺(tái)，讓他們自己來(lái)表演。

第二篇：傲慢與偏見(jiàn) 論文

《傲慢與偏見(jiàn)》讀后感

機(jī)制0902竺昂

選這門(mén)公選課時(shí)，我就是想了解一下外國(guó)的文學(xué)，順便提升一下自己的文學(xué)素養(yǎng)。不料，上了這門(mén)課后，我不僅深度賞析了《傲慢與偏見(jiàn)》，而且對(duì)婚姻有了更深入的認(rèn)識(shí)，還學(xué)到了一些為人處事的道理。

《傲慢與偏見(jiàn)》是簡(jiǎn)·奧斯丁的代表作。這部作品以日常生活為素材，一反當(dāng)時(shí)社會(huì)上流行的感傷小說(shuō)的內(nèi)容和矯揉造作的寫(xiě)作方法，生動(dòng)地反映了18世紀(jì)末到19世紀(jì)初處于保守和閉塞狀態(tài)下的英國(guó)鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)生活和世態(tài)人情。這部社會(huì)風(fēng)情畫(huà)式的小說(shuō)不僅在當(dāng)時(shí)吸引著廣大的讀者，時(shí)至今日，仍給讀者以獨(dú)特的藝術(shù)享受。

簡(jiǎn)·奧斯丁在本書(shū)中寫(xiě)了四起婚姻，通過(guò)四起婚姻的對(duì)照描寫(xiě)，提出了道德和行為的規(guī)范問(wèn)題。作者明確劃定了婚姻的好壞標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。照她看來(lái)，不幸的婚姻大致有兩種情況：一是像夏洛特和柯林斯那樣，完全建立在經(jīng)濟(jì)基礎(chǔ)上；二是像莉迪亞和維克漢姆那樣，純粹建立在美貌和情欲的基礎(chǔ)上。夏洛特本是個(gè)聰明女子，只因家里沒(méi)錢(qián)，人又長(zhǎng)的不漂亮，到了二十七歲還是個(gè)“老姑娘”。她之所以答應(yīng)嫁給柯林斯，只是為了能有個(gè)歸宿，有個(gè)能確保她不致挨凍受饑的“保險(xiǎn)箱”，婚后嘗不到任何天倫之樂(lè)，他倒也無(wú)所謂。莉迪亞是個(gè)輕狂女子，因?yàn)樨潙倜烂埠透星闆_動(dòng)的緣故，跟著維克漢姆私奔，后經(jīng)達(dá)西搭救，兩人才茍合成親，但婚后不久即“情淡愛(ài)馳”，男的常去城里尋歡作樂(lè)，女的躲到姐姐家里尋求慰藉。與夏洛特、莉迪亞相反，伊麗莎白和簡(jiǎn)的婚姻則是建立在愛(ài)情的基礎(chǔ)上，是真正的美滿(mǎn)婚姻。當(dāng)然，伊麗莎白與達(dá)西也好，簡(jiǎn)與賓利也好，他們的結(jié)合并不排除經(jīng)濟(jì)和相貌方面的考慮，但是他們更注重對(duì)方的美德，因而結(jié)婚以后夫妻能情意融洽，恩愛(ài)彌篤。這充分說(shuō)明：“沒(méi)有愛(ài)情可千萬(wàn)不能結(jié)婚。”

通過(guò)對(duì)這四樁婚姻的描寫(xiě)，作者揭露了當(dāng)時(shí)社會(huì)中金錢(qián)利益在婚姻中扮演的重要角色，人的感情會(huì)受到它的控制。莉迪亞和維克漢姆的婚姻，不僅完全是受金錢(qián)的左右，而且兩人的結(jié)合，最初也只是因?yàn)榈退椎娜庥奈?。這樣的婚姻不僅會(huì)給自己帶來(lái)不幸，更會(huì)給各自的家庭造成傷害，簡(jiǎn)·奧斯丁最反對(duì)這樣的婚姻。對(duì)于夏洛特和柯林斯充滿(mǎn)了現(xiàn)實(shí)色彩的婚姻，作者也是不贊成的。不過(guò)通過(guò)描寫(xiě)，我們也認(rèn)識(shí)到在當(dāng)時(shí)的社會(huì)環(huán)境下，人的感情不得不服從于金錢(qián)的無(wú)奈，其實(shí)在當(dāng)今社會(huì)又何嘗不是如此？

這四門(mén)婚姻中最主要的自然是發(fā)生在女主角伊麗莎白與男主角達(dá)西之間的愛(ài)恨情仇。伊麗莎白是個(gè)勇于追求愛(ài)情、漂亮聰明、堅(jiān)強(qiáng)可愛(ài)的中產(chǎn)階級(jí)女子。故事主要以她對(duì)達(dá)西從一開(kāi)始的厭惡到尊敬，再到愛(ài)慕為線(xiàn)索，揭示了作者對(duì)那個(gè)時(shí)代女人生活與愛(ài)情的理想和期望。

故事中女主角伊麗莎白第一眼看到男主角達(dá)西就是不順眼的，加上達(dá)西個(gè)性的傲慢，繼而對(duì)他有了偏見(jiàn)。而男主角達(dá)西，是個(gè)不受人歡迎的傲慢男子，也不屑于周遭冷淡的人際關(guān)系，對(duì)他來(lái)說(shuō)，傲慢也許是有理的，偏見(jiàn)卻很無(wú)情，這兩者產(chǎn)生的沖擊是免不了的。兩個(gè)人之間也因此而常有針?shù)h相對(duì)的言辭，彼此之間的傲慢和偏見(jiàn)就造成了一開(kāi)始的不愉快與誤解，但是經(jīng)過(guò)種種事件的澄清，彼此又漸漸產(chǎn)生一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)感情。達(dá)西代表著“傲慢”，伊麗莎白代表著“偏見(jiàn)”，他們一開(kāi)始都被自己的情緒所牽引。接著一連串對(duì)達(dá)西不利的流言，更讓伊麗莎白對(duì)達(dá)西反感。當(dāng)達(dá)西向伊麗莎白求婚而遭到拒絕時(shí)，他說(shuō)了一段話(huà)：“要是我耍一點(diǎn)手段，把我內(nèi)心的矛盾掩飾起來(lái)，一味地恭維你，使你相信我無(wú)論在理智方面、思想方面以及其他各方面，都是對(duì)你懷著無(wú)條件的純潔的愛(ài)，那么也許你就不會(huì)有

這些苛刻的責(zé)罵了。可惜無(wú)論是什么樣的偽裝，我都痛恨?！边_(dá)西沒(méi)有為了討好伊麗莎白，去曲意逢迎。而伊麗莎白也表現(xiàn)了很真實(shí)的自己，彼此都不刻意去營(yíng)造給別人的印象，表現(xiàn)出了最真實(shí)的一面。開(kāi)始的時(shí)候，伊麗莎白一直活在自己的偏見(jiàn)之下，忽略思考事實(shí)的真相，經(jīng)過(guò)達(dá)西的解釋和自己的判斷，才最終找到幸福的歸宿。

從這四門(mén)婚姻中，我們可以看到，為了財(cái)產(chǎn)、金錢(qián)和地位而結(jié)婚是錯(cuò)誤的；而結(jié)婚不考慮上述因素也是愚蠢的。因此，我們反對(duì)為金錢(qián)而結(jié)婚，也反對(duì)把婚姻當(dāng)兒戲。婚姻是人生大事，我們應(yīng)把男女雙方感情作為締結(jié)婚姻的基石，決不能為追逐金錢(qián)和地位而結(jié)婚，“沒(méi)有愛(ài)情的婚姻是不道德的”。

傲慢與偏見(jiàn)，是我們很常見(jiàn)的缺點(diǎn)和毛病。我們每一個(gè)人其實(shí)都很容易被自己的主觀(guān)印象所驅(qū)使，因而容易對(duì)別人下不正確的結(jié)論，進(jìn)而造成彼此之間的誤會(huì)。因此，我們不能以貌取人，不能僅憑第一印象就亂下結(jié)論，這樣往往會(huì)得到錯(cuò)誤的結(jié)果。

一個(gè)人所給予的第一印象固然可以影響到很多事，但并非一定不會(huì)改變，要有更加深入的了解，才能有更客觀(guān)的結(jié)論，就好像故事中女主角對(duì)達(dá)西的看法，就是因?yàn)榱私獠庞兴淖?。所謂“路遙知馬力，日久見(jiàn)人心”，只有經(jīng)歷一段時(shí)間，通過(guò)交流，我們才能更加深入的了解一個(gè)人。因此，在現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中，我們都應(yīng)該多多溝通，去增進(jìn)彼此間的了解，這樣才能消除隔閡，增進(jìn)友誼，加深感情。

第三篇：中文論文(傲慢與偏見(jiàn))

在婚姻觀(guān)中的簡(jiǎn)·奧斯汀的觀(guān)點(diǎn)

傲慢與偏見(jiàn)

致謝

內(nèi)容

1.簡(jiǎn)介

簡(jiǎn)·奧斯汀是19 century.She出生于16,1775年12月在漢普郡史蒂文頓的村莊的英國(guó)杰出的小說(shuō)家之一，England.As一個(gè)國(guó)家牧師的女兒，奧斯汀從來(lái)沒(méi)有進(jìn)入正規(guī)的學(xué)校，但她由她的家庭受過(guò)良好的教育。在大約十二歲，奧斯汀開(kāi)始write.She創(chuàng)作并完成了六部長(zhǎng)篇小說(shuō)，并在她的生活time.She顯然是一個(gè)多產(chǎn)的小說(shuō)家三處小的著作和從事寫(xiě)作對(duì)她所有的生活?！八f(shuō)有平等名稱(chēng)作為沃爾特·斯科特“（達(dá)克沃斯23）先生。無(wú)論是在西方還是在中國(guó)，傲慢與偏見(jiàn)獲得影評(píng)界得到了高度重視和許多評(píng)論家已經(jīng)從社會(huì)歷史aspect.Although評(píng)論它的一些學(xué)者分析了奧斯丁的婚姻觀(guān)，先生和班納特太太的婚姻往往被忽視。因此，本文旨在使傲慢與偏見(jiàn)，婚姻的深入分析，以便我們完全可以理解的婚姻原來(lái)的意見(jiàn)，并可以添加新的東西到簡(jiǎn)·奧斯汀的偉大作品的文學(xué)批評(píng)。

像她的其他小說(shuō)，傲慢與偏見(jiàn)對(duì)焦于商務(wù)和休閑旅客主角五個(gè)家庭均來(lái)自上流社會(huì)類(lèi)的女士。奧斯汀用字符作為文學(xué)手法展現(xiàn)結(jié)婚戀愛(ài)和已婚的關(guān)系替代reasons.Marriage被認(rèn)為是一個(gè)女人當(dāng)時(shí)的一個(gè)可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的時(shí)候奧斯汀寫(xiě)了novel.Marriage發(fā)揮女性的生活中的重要作用。

本論文的作者將分析從社會(huì)歷史文學(xué)批評(píng)的角度五個(gè)婚姻模式。第一部分簡(jiǎn)要介紹簡(jiǎn)·奧斯汀和傲慢與偏見(jiàn)。第二部分將在一份簡(jiǎn)短的方式引入社會(huì)歷史文學(xué)批評(píng)，以及接下來(lái)本文將介紹的傲慢與偏見(jiàn)5婚姻一個(gè)社會(huì)歷史anslysis。第四部分是奧斯汀的婚姻觀(guān)的重要意義。奧斯汀強(qiáng)調(diào)男性和女性之間以及婦女的教育愛(ài)的積極方面都包括在內(nèi)，還有限制。論文的最后一部分是結(jié)論。盡管婦女成為獨(dú)立的經(jīng)濟(jì)，婚姻仍然是他們重要的生活goal.Austen對(duì)婚姻的看法提供有用的建議來(lái)選擇合適自己的隊(duì)友。2.社會(huì)歷史的文學(xué)批評(píng)

社會(huì)歷史的文學(xué)批評(píng)最早出現(xiàn)在意大利，但在France.It走紅強(qiáng)調(diào)文學(xué)與社會(huì)activities.It之間的關(guān)系，認(rèn)為文學(xué)代表在一定的社會(huì)歷史environment.So生活和形式的主要文學(xué)價(jià)值在于它的社會(huì)功能和它的歷史意義。原理的理解是文學(xué)作品的將被考慮作品的社會(huì)歷史背景和作者的生活和其他方面的經(jīng)驗(yàn)的是分析，理解和評(píng)價(jià)。因此，文學(xué)的分析必須從社會(huì)和歷史情況啟動(dòng)。

社會(huì)歷史的方法主要有四個(gè)特點(diǎn)：

通過(guò)特定的社會(huì)歷史context.Each文學(xué)作品1.Analyzing文學(xué)作品是屬于它的年齡和它的人民，每個(gè)人都有自己的特殊environment.It需要放置在已創(chuàng)建的時(shí)間。

2.To方面的工作作為一種認(rèn)知模式的community.Social的深刻理解與歷史批判試圖通過(guò)分析作品的社會(huì)背景，以便深入地了解社會(huì)。

3.To查看反映現(xiàn)實(shí)，判斷work.Social歷史批評(píng)要求作家反映現(xiàn)實(shí)生活，并倡導(dǎo)典型形象塑造的重要標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的程度，那就是看到特異性的普遍性，以反映現(xiàn)實(shí)生活的現(xiàn)實(shí)。

4.當(dāng)解釋文學(xué)作品，社會(huì)，階級(jí)和政治因素始終處于第一位，以探索作品的社會(huì)，階級(jí)和政治價(jià)值。

社會(huì)歷史批評(píng)具有原始批評(píng)的意義，文學(xué)始終是社會(huì)history.Using歷史的角度看的產(chǎn)物尋找文學(xué)與社會(huì)歷史之間的精神聯(lián)系，并結(jié)合社會(huì)和歷史連續(xù)性的現(xiàn)實(shí)，為了給予應(yīng)有的重視文學(xué)和社會(huì)history.That的復(fù)雜多樣性是社會(huì)歷史批評(píng)只是精髓。3.在傲慢與偏見(jiàn)5婚姻的社會(huì)歷史分析

在傲慢與偏見(jiàn)，奧斯汀與直接引用錢(qián)結(jié)婚打開(kāi)，顯示細(xì)膩的人類(lèi)情感如何與互動(dòng)，并通過(guò)財(cái)政考慮的影響。輝煌的第一句話(huà)概述了劇情和國(guó)家的社會(huì)批評(píng)的基本主題：“這是一個(gè)真理舉世公認(rèn)，一個(gè)單身男人擁有一個(gè)吉祥的必須是想娶位太太，”（奧斯汀1）“的好運(yùn)氣?！昂汀痹谙搿斑@兩個(gè)關(guān)鍵詞語(yǔ)?！痹谙搿笆侵竼紊砟腥诵枰粋€(gè)妻子客觀(guān)，而”一個(gè)好運(yùn)氣“是指單身男人變成誰(shuí)想要抓住他作為丈夫的姑娘主觀(guān)目標(biāo)。這樣的贊美之詞，使命題有“真相”更客觀(guān)。

婦女簡(jiǎn)·奧斯丁的社會(huì)選擇是嚴(yán)重limited.Marriage不僅是一個(gè)愛(ài)的問(wèn)題，更重要的是，它是economy.Both奧斯汀的問(wèn)題，她的女主人公更感興趣的錢(qián)比其他更重要的因素，當(dāng)涉及到選擇husbands.However，這并不意味著奧斯丁對(duì)婚姻的看法是庸俗。相反，他們真正體現(xiàn)了當(dāng)時(shí)的社會(huì)和歷史慣例。

正如她的時(shí)間女作家的女性的愛(ài)情與婚姻，簡(jiǎn)·奧斯丁描述婚姻更方便，而不是compatibility.Marriage是基于經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)backgrounds.In換句話(huà)說(shuō)，這是更為基礎(chǔ)上的錢(qián)，而不是1ove。縱觀(guān)傲慢與偏見(jiàn)，奧斯汀的婚姻觀(guān)是通過(guò)幾種不同的人物和他們的婚姻模式婚姻傳送。

4.1先進(jìn)性?shī)W斯丁的婚姻觀(guān) 作為一個(gè)進(jìn)步女作家，奧斯汀的婚姻原來(lái)的意見(jiàn)，她的代表作傲慢與偏見(jiàn)表達(dá)顯然有先進(jìn)性。在奧斯汀的時(shí)代，女性必須服從男性和依靠他們獲得舒適的生活conditions.In這個(gè)意義上說(shuō)，婚姻是僅僅生存women.Women一個(gè)體面的方式已經(jīng)在他們的marriages.Austen情緒情感很少的預(yù)期，但是，相信由經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)地位決定的，婚姻不能帶來(lái)真正的幸福women.Love應(yīng)該是一件快樂(lè)marriage.In傲慢與偏見(jiàn)的顯著因素，奧斯汀描繪簡(jiǎn)和伊麗莎白的婚姻，這是根據(jù)真實(shí)love.She肯定感謝他們婚姻，因?yàn)樗麄兪且粋€(gè)夢(mèng)想，她無(wú)法在她自己的生命永遠(yuǎn)地實(shí)現(xiàn)。

伊麗莎白是個(gè)明白人，聰明和自尊年輕woman.Such夫人勝貴族Darcy.Through伊麗莎白的心臟地帶，奧斯汀打算以表明傳統(tǒng)的教育體制教育的婦女無(wú)法吸引和滿(mǎn)意men.They應(yīng)該接受教育以提高他們的judgment.Their受教育程度的能力決定了他們的感官和insights.They可能的婚姻生活有美好的未來(lái)，只要他們獲得與男子平等的教育。4.2局限性?shī)W斯丁的婚姻觀(guān)

奧斯汀對(duì)婚姻的看法的形成來(lái)自于她lived.It是不可能讓她超越了她的社會(huì)環(huán)境，當(dāng)她于marriage.Although她自己的看法，他們已經(jīng)顯著點(diǎn)，它也有一個(gè)限制的社會(huì)和歷史環(huán)境莖。作為一個(gè)中產(chǎn)階級(jí)的女人，奧斯汀白眼兩個(gè)作業(yè)女人：當(dāng)家庭教師和一位女士的companion.She選擇了寫(xiě)作作為living.She的一種方式曾經(jīng)寫(xiě)道卡桑德拉“更感興趣的是獲得資金和獨(dú)立性，通過(guò)我的寫(xiě)作比成名......“（魯賓斯坦353）。盡管如此，她沒(méi)有收入，直到她death.For所有她的生活在幾年前，奧斯丁是由她的父親的支持，brothers.Austen認(rèn)為女性與men.But她的這種看法等于平等可能只是在marriage.In經(jīng)濟(jì)領(lǐng)域，然而，她未能提供解決方案，為女性要獨(dú)立于其他economy.Like紳女人，她也想嫁給一個(gè)有錢(qián)的丈夫，以確保她的未來(lái)life.In傲慢與偏見(jiàn)，沒(méi)有女主人公的雄心很大，占用的工作，改變了她的life.In男性主導(dǎo)的社會(huì)中，他們的最終目標(biāo)是要“成功”婦女和打獵富裕husbands.Their智力，感覺(jué)和方式只能作為一種手段以增加其吸引力和結(jié)婚well.Once結(jié)婚的機(jī)會(huì)，這樣的素質(zhì)被丈夫忽視。

奧斯汀認(rèn)為，經(jīng)濟(jì)安全是一個(gè)marriage.However的基礎(chǔ)，她不能為她和她為了尋求和解決完善marriage.On相反女主角經(jīng)濟(jì)上是獨(dú)立的，她打算通過(guò)marriage.As一個(gè)改善婦女的經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況事實(shí)上，目前“經(jīng)濟(jì)基礎(chǔ)決定上層建筑?！比绻圆荒塬@得經(jīng)濟(jì)上的獨(dú)立，他們將成為丈夫的從屬地位，不能讓自己的人力dignity.Therefore，女人應(yīng)該有自己的事業(yè)生活在自己身上，不管她們的丈夫以這種方式多么富有are.Only，女性可以獲得從男人真正的尊重和他們的婚姻會(huì)變得更加幸福和長(zhǎng)久。五，結(jié)論

簡(jiǎn)·奧斯汀是真正的中英文language.She最偉大的文學(xué)人物之一住在村落里和平生活，其中每個(gè)她的小說(shuō)set.Her小說(shuō)的主題是有限的，描述國(guó)家的普通日常生活和紳士，她是所以在她的小說(shuō)中精彩的情節(jié)way.The認(rèn)識(shí)很簡(jiǎn)單，因?yàn)樗幸患律婕埃呵笈己蚼arriage.She是關(guān)注婦女沒(méi)有燦爛的財(cái)產(chǎn)如何嫁給丈夫合適。

婚姻的自尊心受到充分表達(dá)和Prejudice.Austen把在小說(shuō)中描繪到真實(shí)的社會(huì)和經(jīng)濟(jì)realities.Marriage所有五個(gè)婚姻是經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)地位，人的真正feelings.Women不是組合的組合經(jīng)常要犧牲金融security.To很大程度上著想的感情，女人嫁給了一個(gè)有錢(qián)人，而不是他們husbands.Property起著marriage.Austen指導(dǎo)作用顯示她women.She的災(zāi)難性命運(yùn)非常同情狠狠批評(píng)了這個(gè)金錢(qián)至上的婚姻system.She值marriage.Marriage真愛(ài)基于真正的愛(ài)情被視為一個(gè)美滿(mǎn)的婚姻。

在現(xiàn)代的時(shí)代，婦女的地位提高了greatly.They已經(jīng)得到經(jīng)濟(jì)獨(dú)立地位，并有權(quán)自己husbands.Marriage的選擇不再是他們的survival.Instead的一種方式，它成為自我實(shí)現(xiàn)的重要體現(xiàn)。對(duì)于許多女性來(lái)說(shuō)，結(jié)婚仍然是life.They的主要目標(biāo)有婚姻抱有很高的期望，并希望在marriage.Austen的小說(shuō)強(qiáng)烈而持久的關(guān)系提供了其丈夫的selection.Love有益的指導(dǎo)，智力，經(jīng)濟(jì)條件，教育背景以及家庭背景對(duì)婚姻match.When作出選擇婚姻的影響，應(yīng)采取所有這些因素考慮在內(nèi)，而愛(ài)的地方?jīng)Q定性role.After婚姻，丈夫和妻子應(yīng)該建立平等和相互尊重的關(guān)系。

雖然奧斯汀的時(shí)代已經(jīng)一去不復(fù)返了，她的婚姻觀(guān)都不會(huì)過(guò)時(shí)，他們帶來(lái)靈感，以現(xiàn)代萬(wàn)人。更多我們改變，我們?cè)搅粼趕ame.That是奧斯汀和她的傲慢與偏見(jiàn)一個(gè)非常獨(dú)特的特點(diǎn)。

第四篇：論文 分析《傲慢與偏見(jiàn)》中的愛(ài)情觀(guān)和婚姻觀(guān)

中

南

大 學(xué)

高等教育自學(xué)考試本科生畢業(yè)論文

論文題目: Views on love and marriage in “Pride and Prejudice”

分析《傲慢與偏見(jiàn)》中的愛(ài)情觀(guān)和婚姻觀(guān)

學(xué)生姓名：羅

考籍號(hào)：910108300488 年級(jí)專(zhuān)業(yè)：2007級(jí)英語(yǔ) 指導(dǎo)老師及職稱(chēng)：湯春華 學(xué) 院：中南大學(xué)科培中心

湖南·長(zhǎng)沙 提交日期：2010年4月

Contents

Abstract...............................................................................................................................................1 Keywords............................................................................................................................................1 Introduction........................................................................................................................................3

1、Jane Austen and the Background of Pride and Prejudice............................................3 1.1 Jane Austen................................................................................................................3 1.2 The Background of Pride and Prejudice......................................................................4

2、Four Marriages and Ideals on Love and Marriage Shown in Pride and Prejudice......5 2.1 Four Marriages in Pride and Prejudice........................................................................5 2.1.1 Collins and Charlotte’s Marriage.............................................................................5 2.1.2 Lydia and Wickham’s Marriage...............................................................................7 2.1.3 Jane and Mr.Bingley’s Marriage.............................................................................7 2.1.4 Darcy and Elizabeth’s Marriage...............................................................................8 3.Austen’s Concept about Love and Marriage............................................................12

4、Conclusion.................................................................................................................................14 References.......................................................................................................................16 Acknowledgements.........................................................................................................19

Abstract “Pride and Prejudice” is Austen's masterpiece which described four different marriages and love.Until today, this novel is still very popular among many readers and arouses people's observation and unlimited thinking of marriage.This paper aims to probe into the views on love and marriage in ―Pride and Prejudice‖.That is: love and marriage are associated with, but not totally lie on the property and social status.The marriage which is based on the love, mutual understanding and mutual respect is a true happy marriage.Austen not only opposes marriage for money, but also is against the hasty marriage.She attaches great importance to ideal marriage and regards the feelings between men and women as the cornerstone of the ideal marriage.Keywords ―Pride and Prejudice‖;viewpoint of love;viewpoint of marriage;

摘 要

《傲慢與偏見(jiàn)》是奧斯汀的代表作，小說(shuō)以諷刺為基調(diào)描寫(xiě)了四種不同形態(tài)的婚姻觀(guān)和愛(ài)情觀(guān)，時(shí)至今日，這部小說(shuō)仍然吸引著眾多讀者，引發(fā)了人們對(duì)婚姻的觀(guān)察和無(wú)限思考。本文就是通過(guò)對(duì)這四段婚姻的詳細(xì)的分析，來(lái)探討《傲慢與偏見(jiàn)》中的愛(ài)情觀(guān)和婚姻觀(guān)。筆者認(rèn)為：愛(ài)情婚姻與財(cái)產(chǎn)和社會(huì)地位相互關(guān)聯(lián)，但絕不能僅取于它，以愛(ài)情、相互理解及相互尊重為基礎(chǔ)的婚姻才是幸福的婚姻。奧斯汀既反對(duì)為金錢(qián)而結(jié)婚，也反對(duì)草率結(jié)婚。她強(qiáng)調(diào)理想婚姻的重要性，并把男女雙方感情作為締結(jié)理想婚姻的基石。

關(guān)鍵詞

《傲慢與偏見(jiàn)》；愛(ài)情觀(guān)；婚姻觀(guān);

Introduction

Jane Austen humorously described the marriage in the “Pride and Prejudice” and a series of marriage-related activities in a relaxed manner.The novel consisted of how man picking their wives, how the young women choosing their future husbands and how their mothers selecting their son-in-low in many wonderful scenes.By studying the marital relationship, the authors strive to portray several different marriage and love relations.Although they had got married, the happiness of marriage is differs.This was because Austen's novels the marriage was involving not only the feelings, but also social status and money.“The bachelor who own property must marry a wife, it has become a universally recognized truth.” [6], But that really is a truth? In this paper, the novel's four marriages vividly reflected the British town life and the world state of human of 18 century to the early 19th century in a conservative and isolated state.1.Jane Austen and the Background of Pride and Prejudice

1.1.Jane Austen Jane Austen(1775 – 1817，)was one of the most outstanding writer who described the middle-class in the south of England with realism.From a unique female perspective, she left six immortal works.Her works were full of rich comedy conflicts in humorous and satirical style, so they were regarded as “the art of simplicity”.In Jane Austen's works, the content was not very wide and all were related to the life of a few middle-class families.The theme was about love and marriage between men and women.In the “Simple” works of Jane Austen, they showed us, truly and accurately, the social life and interrelationship and described the social state, marriage as well as political and economic relations between middle-class women at that time.And she expressed her views on marriage, directly or indirectly, by analyzing these phenomena.She believed that marriage just for money was wrong, but marriage of no money was stupid.She also frankly disclosed the inseparable relationship between marriages, property and family status.In her novel, as long as a woman who was intelligent, decent, 3

educated, and patient could overcome social barriers, she would receive the ideal happy marriage.Austen was born in a middle-class family of a small village in England, so the people and things in her works were all connected with this environment which was very familiar to her.It is difficult for readers to find the sufferings of those working people who lived at the bottom of the society at that time.At the same time, the important events, such as the French Revolution and Industrial Revolution, were little.Her narrative was always inseparable from the party, walk, talk, dance......Although this written style received some people's criticism, she still stick to it.She once said that she was ―sculpt on two inches of ivory‖.Austen was never married, but the marriage is the eternal theme of her writings.In her works, the marriage status of middle-class people was alive.1.2.The Background of Pride and Prejudice In this great book, the author amply demonstrated her view on love and marriage.In order to analyze these points of view, we should firstly start from the background of her great works.―At that time, according to the social conditions in Britain, a good marriage for a young woman was critical.This phenomenon was closely associated with the British society and the status of women in the society.In the 19th century, women were not well respected compared with the ones in the present society.There was no equality between woman and man.Women were considered to be inferior to men in terms of intelligence and capacity.The central life of women was forced to be staying at home.Their roles were to deal with the family affairs, such as taking care of the children and serving for the husband.‖(Zhu Hong, P34, 1995)

People at that time thought that women should be submissive to their husbands.The virtues of women were patience and deference.They must recognize their inherent inferiority to men, so they must restrict their abilities without question.Although the status of women was low, few of them expressed dissatisfaction about their own destiny.At that time, many middle-class young women had three ways out: getting married, staying at home as old maids or working as the family female teachers.The income of a family female teacher was very low, and the status was low as well.It was very difficult for them to change or swap out of this status, no one would like to be a maid forever, therefore, for young

women, especially those who did not have enough properties, getting married was the only good way for them to gain respect, stability and social status.Austen fully criticized some bad phenomena at that time in her work Pride and Prejudice and took some perfect points about marriage and loved to demonstrate her own view on love and marriage.2.The Four Marriages and the Ideas on Love and Marriage shown in Pride and Prejudice The story showed the ordinary life, feelings of the ordinary people.They were organized in a harmonious order under the author's skillful arrangement.The work mainly described four marriages.Two of them were main and assisted by the other two assistant marriages.―Darcy and Elizabeth’s love and marriage was the main theme of this work.After undergoing many setbacks, Darcy’s arrogance and Elizabeth’s prejudice eventually eliminates, the lovers finally got married.The marriage of Elizabeth’s sister Jane and Darcy’s friend Bingley was another clue.They deeply loved each other, but they were multi—blocked, after their departure, Jane missed Bingley very much.The two marriages reflected the other point of view in positive way that marriage should be based on true love, which was the ideal marry in the author’s opinion.The stories seem to be the ordinary lives, feelings and persons linked up in a harmonious order under the others meticulous concepts.However, the marriage between Charlotte and Collins was a negative example with the marriage between Lydia and Wickham, which helped to make the plots more tortuous and richer.‖(Zhu Hong, P12, 1985)

2.1.Four Marriages in Pride and Prejudice 2.1.1.Collins and Charlotte’s Marriage The article mentioned little of Charlotte, however, her image was very full.Charlotte was woman who is well-educated, intelligent and admired much by Elizabeth.But she was in financial difficulties.If she did not get married, she could only live in her brother's home to be a spinster.When Kosslyn had been rejected by Elizabeth and turned to propose to

Charlotte ? Lucas, She agreed without the least hesitation and still stick to marry him though she knew that Collins was a man who was neither wise nor pleasant, and very boring and that Mr.Collins did not love her and his so-called love for her was imaginary because for her “ the marriage may not make the women to be too happy, but it is always the best safe for the women, and it can ensure them not to be affected by cold and hunger.” In “Pride and Prejudice” Austen described mostly happy marriage, which often aroused the reader's controversy, because they thought that it is too unrealistic to be true.Collins and Charlotte’s marriage made a brutal footnote for Elizabeth’s romantic and happy love.Indeed we can learn that Austen was on a critical opinion of the society at that time from the fate of Charlotte: In the male-dominated society, unmarried women had no future.Elizabeth was an idealist, she would not marry a fool for money(Kosslyn)and also not to marry a man she did not love(such as the Darcy at the beginning of the story);however Charlotte who was six years older than Elizabeth and had little property was a pragmatist.In order to avoid becoming a spinster, who would suffer gossip in the society, she must make full use of any possible opportunity to get married.As Austen said, the reason that Charlotte was willing to marry him was completely for the purpose of property.She also confessed to Elizabeth: “You know I am not a romantic.Moreover I had never been this kind of person.I only ask for a comfortable home.As with Mr.Collins's character, family relations and social status, I am convinced that my chance of happiness is as fair as most people can boast on entering them marriage state ”(......I am not romantic you know.I never was.I ask only a comfortable home;and considering Mr.Collins’s character, connections, and situation in life, I am convinced that my chance of happiness is as fair as most people can boast on entering them marriage state.)And even after their marriage, Charlotte always felt that “If forget Mr.Collins, the inside and outside of the house is indeed a very comfortable place ”.This was their marriage, which was held together through a pure relation of money and wealth.To some extend, this kind of marriages is actually a social tragedy that is concealed under the gorgeous cover.Through describing such a marriage, Jane? Austen wanted to tell the readers a common point in British society at that time that the most critical factor in marriage is not love, but money.Actually, it was more than in the United Kingdom at that time, even in today's society, this view is very popular, and can be accepted by most people.That was an era in which love was exiled.We could not blame Charlotte and the vast majority of

“Charlottes” too much because it was not entirely their false perhaps in real life love can not defeat the bread forever.2.1.2.Lydia and Wickham’s Marriage

The second marriage is between Bennett’s third daughter Lydia and Wickham, the son of the housekeeper.Originally he was well-treated by his family and friends.However, he came down in the world because of his misbehavior.He got into debt, so he wanted to get money, became rich and changed his social status through marriage which was also a way to approach the talents.He was a man without any responsibility.He does nothing except assailing a woman with obscenities.In his opinion, love was only recreation.For his purpose, he enticed Lydia and got her love easily, for she was young, innocent and vainglorious, and loved to go ease and hated to work hard, and was spoilt by her mother.Getting love and praise of a boy was her dream.So when Wickham wanted to attain to his aim－getting wealth by love and exalting her beauty hypocritically, she forgot who she was and felt she was the most beautiful and happiest girl in the world.Their love did not get the permission from the parents, so then they eloped.When Elizabeth heard the news, she believed that their love was a false.Wickham would not marry Lydia, because she is not charming and had nothing to attract him, who did not love her but loved the wealth of her family.The marriage was admitted with the help of Darcy.Their marriage was considered to be a scandal in Bennett’s family.But Mrs.Bennet was not disgraceful to this marriage.When Collins got the news, he was very angry and reacted to the marriage to revenge his early failure of proposal to her.This marriage was one without love.They didn’t have the real meaning of marriage.They only wanted to satisfy their aspiration.So we can say this is a kind of impromptu love and marriage without true love and responsibility.Such couples only seek the experience of marriage but not everlasting and unchanging one.Of course, such kind of marriage is doomed to be a tragedy.2.1.3.Jane and Mr.Bingley’s Marriage In the novel, Bingley and Jane never stopped pursuing their true love although there were so many obstacles between them.Fortunately, with the help of Darcy and Elizabeth, they finally got married and had a happy life.Bingley and Jane had many similarities in their

characters, which was the main reason to the success of their marriage.They possessed personal attractiveness and dignity, social graces, and a measure of good sense.They all had good breeding, but lacked insight, strength, and self-confidence.They didn’t show their insides easily to the public because they cared the social criticism too much.For Jane, she always concealed her true feelings, which gave others an illusion that she didn’t love Bingley.For Bingley, he yielded easily to criticism of Jane’s social position and easily accepted the suggestions of his sisters and Darcy, which almost consumed the felicity between Jane and him.Frankly speaking, the outside forces facilitated their marriage.According to the relationship between Bingley and Jane, love and respect were the basic factors of their successful and happy marriage.With many similarities in character, people can understand each other easily.Most important of all, the couple with common interest can live together in a happy life.Because they understand, help and support between them.They didn’t care the defects of their partners and even they didn’t see any faults in each other.Just as the old saying goes, ―Birds of a feather flock together, people of a mind fall into the same group.‖

2.1.4.Darcy and Elizabeth’s Marriage Elizabeth was the actress in the “Pride and Prejudice”.Her love and marriage was the main thread running through the entire novel.At the beginning of the “recognized the truth” mentioned in the novel, all the girls in the middle-class families wanted to marry a good man.But Elizabeth had a different interpretation for a “good husband”.She believed that a husband not only need have certain number of family property but also must respect women, and at the same time there must be mutual understanding between them.Mr.Collins was the first suitor to Elizabeth.Elizabeth was surprised at first, but soon turned down Collins's proposal of marriage because she did not love Collins and could not fall in love with him.Elizabeth was impressed by Wickham’s elegant behavior and demeanor, but she still did not want to choose him to be her husband.She told her aunt that she could handle the relationship between her and Wickham and she would not fall in love with Wickham.Collins was secular cavity too, but smart without a common language with Elizabeth.Wickham is not rich man and lack of morality.Despite later Elizabeth discovered the true

face of Wickham.It did not affect the principle of Elizabeth optional husband.Wickham's exposure to poverty let him outside the scope of Elizabeth's choice of husband.But later why did Elizabeth reject Darcy who is a handsome wealthy man? Elizabeth clearly stated her answer: “Why, with so evident a design of offending and insulting me, you choose to tell me that you liked me against your will, against your reason, and even against your character? Was not this some excuse for incivility, if I was uncivil? ”(Austen, 2004:139).Of course, she had prejudice for Darcy and Wickham fabricated lies about Darcy, which had a certain impact on Elizabeth’ refusal to Darcy's marriage proposal, but the most important reason was that Elizabeth hated Darcy for their arrogant attitude.Elizabeth rejected the arrogant Darcy, but Darcy accepted the humble.Their marriage was based on Darcy's property and their love.The composition of property and the love marriage was the two indispensable important factors.When her sister Jane asked Elizabeth t how long she had fallen in love with Darcy, she replied: “It has been coming on so gradually that I hardly know when it began, but I believe I must date it from my first seeing his beautiful grounds at Pemberly.”(Austen, 2004:275)On the one hand, it revealed Elizabeth’s mockery.On the other hand, it also reflected her inner thoughts.It was this statement which reflected her attitude for money, marriage and life: The marriage based on no money was undesirable.So she visited Darcy’s luxurious Pember Lee Garden.After visiting the Manor, she felt that to be the Pember Lee Gardens hostess was quite good.From a psychological sense, it was a direct reflection of her inner thoughts.She was Bonnet’s second daughter, an active, intelligent and smart girl.She had a middle-class family background and had not been affected by the formal education belonging to those aristocratic young girls, so she was not good at music and painting, but she had read many books which made her knowledgeable and perceptive.The most important aspect was that she was a lady with dignity and upbringing.Darcy was a tall man with good manner.He was handsome, rich and powerful.So he was the ideal husband of most girls.He had grown up in the surroundings with strong sense of power, so he was always selfish and arrogant and had a critical look at each individual, except the family members.He was not concerned about anyone else, and looked down upon anyone else.Therefore, when he first arrived in the village, he found all the persons were beyond his imagination.Although every girl was young and lovely, he has no interest in young girls

except Elizabeth.But actually, at first he didn’t put an eye on Elizabeth.Gradually, he had to admit that Elizabeth was beautiful, distinct and popular, although he insisted that Elizabeth hadn't the same social status as him.Darcy was rational because he has a strong sense of power, which agreed on the reality at that time.Although he expressed his love to Elizabeth, he couldn't help showing his arrogance, which made Elizabeth have misconception and prejudice on Darcy.Darcy loved Elizabeth, but looked down upon her social status.He considered that he had been lowing himself and doing something against his will, personalities and even moral standard.He thinks that his marriage would certainly succeed and Elizabeth was waiting for him to propose marriage.Therefore, even he was irresistible to the flooding feelings, and condescends to Elizabeth.He still remembered the gap between them.Clearly, the rational aspect of Darcy’s personality performed on the realities of society.When he talked about his feelings of love, he also expressed the arrogance of these fully feelings, which resulted in the arousing resentment of Elizabeth;she rejected his marriage proposal, and angrily accused his insolence.The rational aspect of the heroine Elizabeth showed her clear, calm and actually stressful personality.Compared with her stupid mother, the smooth and lazy father, the shallow-minded, self-willed sister with feather head, Elizabeth was one with ideal mind.She was elegant like her sister Jane, but more intellectually.She also advised her sister to see through the stupidity and nonsense of those camouflage honest persons.Unconsciously, they were fascinated by each other for the physical attraction, and this led to the experience of passion in a loving relationship.In regard to Darcy, he initially did not think Elizabeth was beautiful enough, and scorned her low relatives and vulgar family members despite his later passion for Elizabeth.Darcy loved Elizabeth’s charming appearance and intelligence.His admiration for Elizabeth was obvious in the following details.When Elizabeth went to look after her sister Jane on foot, Miss Bingley made fun of her and her family at the back.Even Miss Bingley said to Darcy, ―I am afraid….that this adventure has rather lessened your admiration for her fine eyes‖.But Darcy replied: ―Not at all, they are brightened by the exercise‖.At Pemberley when Miss Bingley noticed that Darcy admired Elizabeth, she intended to confuse Elizabeth and made her show some feeling that might harm her in Darcy’s opinion.But it meant nothing to Darcy.She continued to criticize Elizabeth’s appearance, behavior and dress.Darcy could no longer control himself

and said: ―For many months I have considered her as one of the best looking women I have consider her as one of the best looking women in my acquaintance‖.The intimacy component was formed after the prejudice was relieved.For Elizabeth, there are three elements causing her prejudice against Darcy—Darcy’s humiliation of her at the Meryton assembly by his aloof manner and superiority;and her suspicion of his responsibility for Mr.Bingley’s sudden migration to London which would ruin her sister’s chance of happiness.So when he made his proposal to Elizabeth, he heard her say: ―I had not known you a month before I felt that you were the last man in the world whom I could ever be induced to marry‖.Shocked and humiliated by Elizabeth’s refusal, the arrogant Darcy finally learned his lessons from Elizabeth.Upright as he actually was, Darcy wrote letter to Elizabeth, reveals the true character of Wickham and his true perception of Jane’s manner to Bingley.It was at this moment that Elizabeth contemplated the whole thing and she turned ―absolutely ashamed of herself‖, and the prejudice was relieved.Elizabeth at this point moved from strong hospitality to benevolent neutrality, but ―she could not approve him;or refusal, or feel the slightest inclination ever to see him again‖.The commitment component was formed after Elizabeth accept Darcy’s proposal.Only on the condition that Elizabeth saw the altered new Darcy, could she accept him as her man, who she respected and who respected her and her family.When Darcy meets Elizabeth at Pemberly unexpectedly, he entered into conversation with Mr.Gardiner.Elizabeth’s uncle, and asked permission for his sister to call upon Elizabeth.When Elizabeth told him that Lydia has run away with Wickham, he didn’t despise her but brought about the marriage by giving Wickham money.He started to stand on the level of equality to propose Elizabeth and he succeeded.After dispelling all misunderstandings, all three components of love——intimacy, passion, and commitment are formed.3.Austen’s Concept about Love and Marriage

Jane Austen is a writer who regards novel writing as a sophisticated art.With a cool hand, she always has her imagination and passion under control.With great details drawn from everyday life and activities, the pictures of her characters are vividly portrayed and everyone comes alive.With simple language and conversing dialogues, her novels are surprisingly realistic.When she converted the disorderly reality into an orderly artistic unity, she pays much attention to the formal qualities of composition, to the design, and to the subordination of the parts to the whole.Her plots appear natural, unforced.They were developed easily and unhurriedly under the author’s perfect control.All the characters have their place in the plot and contribute to the main story.At her best, she keeps balance between facts and form as no other English novelist has ever done.Jane Austen is one of the few novelists who have managed fully to satisfy the requirements in the art of novel writing.Compared with other writers, Jane Austen defined hers stories within a narrow sphere.The subject matters, the character range, the social setting and plots are all restrict to the late 18th century England.Everything in her novels reminds us of a quiet, uneventful and contented life of the English country.Jane Austen believed that a man’s relation to his wife and children is at least as important a part of his life as his belief and career, and reveals him fundamentally, so she characterizes readers a human being not at moments of crisis, but in the most trivial incidents of everyday life, such as their personal relations, human beings with their families and neighbors, etc.As a result, her novels have a universal significance.Jane Austen’s main concern is about human beings in their personal relationship.As a result her novels have a universal significance.From her point of view, life is made up of small things and human nature reveals itself in them as fully as in big ones and a man’s relationship to his wife and children is at least as important a part of his life as his concerns about his belief and career, which reveals his moral quality more accurately and truthfully.So when Jane Austen writes she would describe human being in the most trivial incidents of everyday life rather than at moments of crisis.She wrote within a narrow sphere.The subject matter, the character range, the social settings and plots are all restricted to the provincial life of the late 18th century England.Her attention would go to three or four landed gentle

families with their daily routine life: relationships with members of their own family and with their friends, dancing parties, tea parties, picnics, barbecues and gossips.As a realistic writer, she considers it her duty to express in her words a serious criticism of life and to expose the weakness and illusions of mankind.In her style she is a neoclassicism advocator, upholding those traditional ideas of order, reason, proportion and graceful in novel writing.The interest of Jane Austen is to study human being in their relations with other people in daily life, so her novels concern about the relationship between men and women in love.Stories of love and marriage provide the framework for all her novels and in which women are always taken as the major characters.In their pursuit of a happy marriage, they could be grouped into three categories: those who marry for money, position and property, those who marry just for passion and those who marry for love which is based on consideration of both the person’s personal merit and his economical and social status.So in her novels the point that money is not the only thing in the consideration of marriage but it plays a very important role found best reflection there.Austen’s this view towards marriage is still very popular nowadays.There are a lot of novels talking about marriage in Britain, but scarcely an author could be like Austen, exposing the money-essence of capitalism marriage system so deeply.In brief, it is money that determines everybody’s life and fate, especially marriage.As for it was pragmatic meaning, it could be forceful and penetrating.No wonder that David Dax，a western Marxism critic said, in the aspect of exposing ―the economics of human beings’ behavior‖, Jane Austen, ―to some extent, had been a Marxist before Marx’s being born.4.Conclusion As in any good love story, the lovers must elude and overcome numerous stumbling blocks, beginning with the tensions caused by the lovers’ own personal qualities.Elizabeth’s pride makes her misjudge Darcy on the basis of a poor first impression, while Darcy’s prejudice against Elizabeth’s poor social standing blinds him, for a time, to her many virtues.Of course, one could also say that Elizabeth is guilty of prejudice and Darcy of pride: the title cuts both ways.Austen, meanwhile, poses countless smaller obstacles to the realization of the love between Elizabeth and Darcy, including Lady Catherine’s attempt to control her nephew, Miss Bingley’s snobbery, Mrs.Bennet’s idiocy, and Wickham’s deceit.In each case, anxieties about social connections, or the desire for better social connections, interfere with the workings of love.Darcy and Elizabeth’s realization of a mutual and tender love seems to imply that Austen views love as something independent of these social forces, as something that can be captured if only an individual is able to escape the warping effects of hierarchical society.Austen does sound some more realist(or, one could say, cynical)notes about love, using the character of Charlotte Lucas, who marries the buffoon Mr.Collins for his money, to demonstrate that the heart does not always dictate marriage.Yet with her central characters, Austen suggests that true love is a force separate from society and one that can conquer even the most difficult of circumstances.The title tells the major concern of the novel: pride and prejudice.Pride is the character flaw that causes Elizabeth to dislike Darcy upon their first meeting.Yet Elizabeth herself also suffers from the same flaw;her pride in her own ability to analyze character is such that she refuses to reevaluate Darcy in the face of evidence in his favor.The concept of pride can be defined into two ways: positive and negative.Possessing positive or right pride is to have self-respect, honor, and integrity.On the other hand, wrong or negative pride is defined as showing arrogant or disdainful conduct and haughtiness.Mr.Darcy displays the positive side of pride while Mr.Bennet possesses wrong or negative pride, and a lack of pride itself in some cases.Darcy is responsible for his sister, himself, his estate, and his family name.He takes pride in these things and does anything he can to protect them.But Mr.Bennet who is a father of five daughters, a husband, and the holder of reputable conduct in the family, does

not take pride in his family or takes his responsibility;Mr.Bennet ridicules the members of his family instead of controlling their unruly actions.Pride and Prejudice depicts a society in which a woman’s reputation is of the utmost importance.A woman is expected to behave in certain ways.Stepping outside the social norms makes her vulnerable to ostracism.This theme appears in the novel, when Elizabeth walks to Netherfield and arrives with muddy skirts, to the shock of the reputation-conscious Miss Bingley and her friends.At other points, the ill-mannered, ridiculous behavior of Mrs.Bennet gives her a bad reputation with the more refined(and snobbish)Darcy and Bingley.Austen pokes gentle fun at the snobs in these examples, but later in the novel, when Lydia elopes with Wickham and lives with him out of wedlock, the author treats reputation as a very serious matter.By becoming Wickham’s lover without benefit of marriage, Lydia clearly places herself outside the social pale, and her disgrace threatens the entire Bennet family.Love is wonderful.The distance between two hearts is not necessarily because physical proximity or separation may change.But youth and love are the most likely to disappear under the sun of things.A woman can be deeply loved by a man in her all life.Is that a kind of happy? Or, a woman in her life missed a man who deeply loved her.What kind of regrets? Pride and Prejudice are the two points in our common human weaknesses.The human nature is too easily distorted, alienated.If not carefully or falling into blindness, you will loss of justice and reason.Meanwhile it was manipulated by emotions and it will go wrong.Elizabeth and Darcy is only one representative.The origin, property, status, education, once stained with upper edge, it is easy arrogance of the illnesses contracted on the poor, low, vulgar person disdained eyes;while the low status, property, few people, for humanity a kind of self-esteem, places biased against the pride of the superior person, which naturally is another distortion of arrogance.In “Pride and Prejudice”, although it is a battle of wits and means shining love sitcoms, actually tells us a truth, that is a solid love is the cornerstone of marriage.In order to property, money and status of marriage is wrong;while marriage does not take into account the factors mentioned above is also foolish.Love and similar interests are the basic factors of a successful and happy marriage.With many similarities in character, people can understand each other easily.Most important of all, the couple with similar interests can live together with a happy life, because there are

understandings, helps and supporting between them.They don’t care the defects of their partners and even they don’t see any faults in each other.Just as the old saying going, ―Birds of a feather flock together, people of a mind fill into the same group.‖

References：

[1] Alan Macfarlane.Marriage and Love in England1300-1800[M].Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1986 [2]于 欣.Money and Marriage——The Matrimonial Value Orientation in Pride and Prejudice[J].科教文匯，2006，（6）: 132-133.[3]李維屏.喬伊斯的美學(xué)思想和藝術(shù)[M].上海：上海外語(yǔ)教育出版社，2000 [4][英]狄更斯著.孫法理譯.雙城記[M].南京：譯林出版社，1996.6，第一版，序言 [5]Austen.Jane 林立譯Pride and Prejudice[M].北京：航空工業(yè)出版社，2007.[6] 簡(jiǎn)·奧斯汀著.孫 致禮 譯.傲慢與偏見(jiàn)[M].上海：上海譯文出版社，1900 [7] 陳忠實(shí).白鹿原[M].北京：人民文學(xué)出版社，1993

Acknowledgements I would like to express my gratitude to all those who helped me during the writing of this thesis.I gratefully acknowledge the help of my supervisor, Miss.Tang who has offered me valuable suggestions in the academic studies.In the preparation of the thesis，she has spent much time reading through each draft and provided me with inspiring advice.Without her patient instruction, insightful criticism and expert guidance, the completion of this thesis would not have been possible.I also owe a special debt of gratitude to all the professors in The Central South of University, from whose devoted teaching and enlightening lectures I have benefited a lot and academically prepared for the thesis.I should finally like to express my gratitude to my beloved parents who have always been helping me out of difficulties and supporting without a word of complaint.

第五篇：傲慢與偏見(jiàn)社會(huì)階級(jí)論文

如果是你，讀完《《傲慢與偏見(jiàn)》會(huì)有什么想法呢？不妨一起學(xué)習(xí)下文吧。

傲慢與偏見(jiàn)社會(huì)階級(jí)論文

【摘要】婚姻不只是一份契約，而是一生的允諾與守候，它在我們的人生之中占了很大的比重。幸福是一種主觀(guān)感受，一個(gè)人的婚姻是否幸福，與他對(duì)婚姻的態(tài)度有關(guān)。有人為愛(ài)結(jié)婚，有人為情欲結(jié)婚，有人為財(cái)富結(jié)婚，也有人為結(jié)婚而結(jié)婚?！栋谅c偏見(jiàn)》向我們展示了不同的婚姻觀(guān)，也讓我們思考，怎樣的婚姻才是我們想要的，怎樣的婚姻才是適合自己的。

【關(guān)鍵詞】婚姻 態(tài)度 愛(ài)情 財(cái)富 圍城

婚姻在現(xiàn)代漢語(yǔ)詞典里的解釋是因結(jié)婚而產(chǎn)生的夫妻關(guān)系。這簡(jiǎn)短幾個(gè)字的概念，卻涵蓋了千千萬(wàn)萬(wàn)種感情，有愛(ài)，有責(zé)任，有酸甜苦辣千萬(wàn)種滋味。不同的人，對(duì)婚姻的期待和看法也是不同的，有人因?yàn)閻?ài)而結(jié)婚，有人因?yàn)樨?zé)任而結(jié)婚，有人為金錢(qián)而結(jié)婚，更有人，只是因?yàn)榈搅私Y(jié)婚的年齡而結(jié)婚。

婚姻到底意味著什么？我覺(jué)得婚姻對(duì)一個(gè)人的影響是從他出生便有的。當(dāng)你還是一個(gè)小孩子的時(shí)候，婚姻對(duì)你來(lái)說(shuō)，就是爸爸辛苦工作后，回到家，媽媽端上熱騰騰的飯菜，給爸爸盛上一碗飯；就是爸爸媽媽因?yàn)橐患∈掳l(fā)生爭(zhēng)吵，冷靜之后又重歸于好；就是有了你之后，從兩個(gè)人的關(guān)系變成了三個(gè)人的關(guān)系，從兩個(gè)人變成一個(gè)家。爸爸媽媽的婚姻對(duì)一個(gè)小孩子的婚姻觀(guān)是有著很大的影響的。當(dāng)你長(zhǎng)大了，懂得了愛(ài)情，婚姻對(duì)你來(lái)說(shuō)，就是將這段愛(ài)情放進(jìn)自己的儲(chǔ)藏室，鑰匙由你和你的愛(ài)人保管；就是讓兩個(gè)人變成一個(gè)家，“死生契闊，與子相悅；執(zhí)子之手，與子偕老?！?/p>

不知道從什么時(shí)候開(kāi)始，或者說(shuō)，從來(lái)都是如此，婚姻不只是純粹的愛(ài)的圍城，里面有了責(zé)任，有了金錢(qián)，有了各種各樣世俗的東西，為愛(ài)結(jié)婚被人看成是一種笑話(huà)，一種異想天開(kāi)，一種永遠(yuǎn)不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的奢侈。婚姻變成獲取金錢(qián)，尋求安定的工具，有時(shí)候又像是一種作伴的習(xí)慣，兩個(gè)人，到了結(jié)婚的年齡，自然而然地結(jié)婚了，可能沒(méi)有愛(ài)情，沒(méi)有沖動(dòng)，有的只是一種理智，一種思考和選擇。

簡(jiǎn)奧斯汀的《傲慢與偏見(jiàn)》，讓我對(duì)婚姻這個(gè)概念有了更深刻的思考。作者運(yùn)用風(fēng)趣詼諧的語(yǔ)言刻畫(huà)了幾對(duì)不同的婚姻，每一個(gè)婚姻都折射出在簡(jiǎn)奧斯汀生活的那個(gè)時(shí)代人們對(duì)于婚姻的態(tài)度。通過(guò)對(duì)四對(duì)青年男女伊麗莎白與達(dá)西，簡(jiǎn)與賓利，莉迪亞與魏肯，夏洛蒂與柯林斯婚事的描述，我們看到了：為了財(cái)富而結(jié)婚的世俗婚姻和為了美貌和情欲而結(jié)婚的盲目婚姻都是錯(cuò)誤的，不能得到長(zhǎng)久的幸福，而真正幸福的婚姻是建立在愛(ài)情和理智基礎(chǔ)之上的。

一、夏洛特盧卡斯的婚姻--最現(xiàn)實(shí)的婚姻

夏洛特是伊麗莎白最要好的朋友，但她們?cè)诨橐龅倪x擇上是不同的。和伊麗莎白一樣，夏洛特沒(méi)有財(cái)富，她貌不驚人，但很有頭腦，也可稱(chēng)得上是個(gè)精明人。她認(rèn)為“婚姻生活是否幸福，完全是個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)問(wèn)題?！弊鳛橐粋€(gè)已經(jīng)二十七歲的女人，她對(duì)婚姻的選擇完全是出于現(xiàn)實(shí)的考慮。當(dāng)她第一次遇見(jiàn)柯林斯的時(shí)候，她就見(jiàn)識(shí)了他的愚蠢，而且當(dāng)他向她求婚時(shí)，她也清楚地知道“柯林斯肯定不是個(gè)通情達(dá)理的人，也不叫人喜歡”。但是她還是立刻答應(yīng)了，因?yàn)椤盎橐鲆恢笔撬哪繕?biāo)，至于找什么樣的男人，婚后生活怎樣，則不太看重，對(duì)于受過(guò)良好教育但財(cái)產(chǎn)不多的年輕女子來(lái)說(shuō)，嫁人是唯一的一條體面的路，而且盡管能否得到幸福毫無(wú)把握，嫁人也一定是她們最?lèi)芤獾目梢悦庥谪毨У谋茈y所”。①夏洛特為了金錢(qián)而結(jié)婚，通過(guò)婚姻她僅僅得到一個(gè)富有的人，從而有了經(jīng)濟(jì)上的安全感?；橐鰧?duì)他們來(lái)說(shuō)可謂是一項(xiàng)任務(wù)，但是柯林斯夫婦都從婚姻中得到了自己想要的東西：夏洛特得到了安定富足的生活；柯林斯也得到了一個(gè)溫暖的家，這就是他們對(duì)婚姻的理解。

二、莉迪亞貝內(nèi)特的婚姻--最荒唐的婚姻

貝內(nèi)特家的小女兒莉迪亞是一個(gè)頭腦簡(jiǎn)單、輕浮而又虛榮的姑娘，小小年紀(jì)便熱衷于社交，喜歡與梅里頓的軍官往來(lái)，并以此為榮。“只要任何人一慫恿，她就會(huì)投入任何人的懷抱。她的感情總是不停地起伏波動(dòng)，搖擺不定”。威克漢姆是一個(gè)外表英俊，實(shí)際道德敗壞，非常奢侈，又背信棄義的人。他先是引誘富有的達(dá)西小姐，但陰謀告破，沒(méi)有得逞。在加入民兵團(tuán)后，他先對(duì)伊麗莎白大獻(xiàn)殷勤，繼而又對(duì)富有的金小姐展開(kāi)追求，最后竟然和麗迪亞私奔。

莉迪亞與威克漢姆的結(jié)合可說(shuō)是荒唐至極。她對(duì)威克漢姆的愛(ài)慕完全是由于對(duì)方“俊朗的面龐、標(biāo)致的身材還有迷人的談吐”。他們的關(guān)系完全是建立在情欲與外表上，沒(méi)有任何愛(ài)情基礎(chǔ)，可以說(shuō)是既不實(shí)際，也不浪漫。他們之間的婚姻也是有條件的，是在達(dá)西的幫助下，兩人才勉強(qiáng)地結(jié)了婚。但是“兩人奢侈揮霍，只顧眼前快活，從不顧及將來(lái)，他們?？拷o簡(jiǎn)或伊麗莎白寫(xiě)信求助，指望他們的接濟(jì)來(lái)支付帳單。威克漢姆對(duì)莉迪亞的愛(ài)不久就一落千丈，化為冷漠。”②莉迪亞和威克漢姆也都從婚姻中得到了自己想要的東西：莉迪亞得到了情欲的滿(mǎn)足；威克漢姆也得到他想要的財(cái)富，這就是他們對(duì)婚姻的理解。

三、簡(jiǎn)貝內(nèi)特的婚姻--最“美滿(mǎn)”的婚姻

簡(jiǎn)和賓利的婚姻被認(rèn)為是最美滿(mǎn)的婚姻。貝內(nèi)特家的大女兒簡(jiǎn)溫柔可愛(ài)，漂亮大方，對(duì)人總是往好的一面去想。她的這些迷人氣質(zhì)完全吸引了年輕英俊、瀟灑富有的賓利。兩人相互吸引和相互愛(ài)慕，雖是好事多磨，最終他們也拋棄了身份地位的重重阻礙走到了一起。這是一樁令人艷羨的美滿(mǎn)婚姻。然而，我覺(jué)得這美好的背后是潛伏著一定的危機(jī)性的。簡(jiǎn)和賓利男才女貌，彼此相配，任何人看來(lái)，他們都是最適合在一起的。他們的婚姻，在我看來(lái)，愛(ài)情不是最主要的基礎(chǔ)，最主要的是一種吸引力。賓利為簡(jiǎn)的美貌和善良所吸引，簡(jiǎn)為賓利的英俊瀟灑和紳士風(fēng)度所吸引，他們之間的愛(ài)更多表現(xiàn)為一種相互之間的仰慕之情?；橐鍪且环輳?fù)雜的契約，雙方必須有足夠的愛(ài)的基礎(chǔ)來(lái)維持這份契約。而簡(jiǎn)和賓利之間的愛(ài)情太過(guò)平淡，太過(guò)于理所當(dāng)然，以至于不夠刻骨銘心，讓我感覺(jué)不太安穩(wěn)，似乎潛藏著一絲絲危險(xiǎn)的氣息。

四、伊麗莎白貝內(nèi)特的婚姻--最讓人羨慕的婚姻

錢(qián)鐘書(shū)先生將婚姻比喻成一座圍城，“城外的人想沖進(jìn)去，城里的人想逃出來(lái)。”但是我覺(jué)得這個(gè)婚姻理論是不適合達(dá)西和伊麗莎白的。他們之間的婚姻是以曲折跌宕卻又刻骨銘心的愛(ài)情為基礎(chǔ)的。伊麗莎白和達(dá)西一開(kāi)始就給對(duì)方留下了不好的印象。伊麗莎白認(rèn)為達(dá)西傲慢無(wú)禮，而達(dá)西也因?yàn)橐聋惿姿幍纳鐣?huì)階層和她那些不甚體面的親戚而忽視了她的優(yōu)點(diǎn)和美德。后來(lái)，達(dá)西終于認(rèn)識(shí)到伊麗莎白的可貴之處，展開(kāi)追求，在被拒絕后仍然不氣不餒，終于通過(guò)自己的行動(dòng)消除了伊麗莎白對(duì)自己的偏見(jiàn)和誤解，從而兩人走到了一起。

以第一次求婚為界，在思想上改變的不單單是伊麗莎白，還有達(dá)西。伊麗莎白因?yàn)檫_(dá)西的信，認(rèn)識(shí)到了自己的偏見(jiàn)；達(dá)西因?yàn)橐聋惿椎脑?huà)，認(rèn)識(shí)到了自己的傲慢。如果伊麗莎白對(duì)于達(dá)西的第一次求婚沒(méi)有拒絕的話(huà)，可能達(dá)西對(duì)于她的迷戀并不會(huì)持久。如果沒(méi)有拒絕時(shí)的對(duì)話(huà)，達(dá)西還是那個(gè)雖然家財(cái)萬(wàn)貫，雖然一表人材，但太過(guò)傲慢的高高在上的人。對(duì)于這樣的人，伊麗莎白即使因?yàn)橐粫r(shí)沖動(dòng)而同意嫁給了他，在不久的將來(lái)，伊麗莎白仍會(huì)后悔的。而如果沒(méi)有拒絕后的那封信，伊麗莎白仍舊是那個(gè)雖然開(kāi)朗，美麗，直率，卻太過(guò)主觀(guān)和偏見(jiàn)的人，對(duì)于這樣的人，達(dá)西不久便會(huì)厭倦的。因?yàn)橛羞@些波折，他們之間的愛(ài)情才顯得更加珍貴，更加深刻。

如果說(shuō)婚姻是一座圍城，而男女主人公是像達(dá)西和伊麗莎白這樣的人，那么，即使一開(kāi)始他們互相看不順眼，彼此存有偏見(jiàn)，到最后還是愿意被困在這樣一座城里的。愛(ài)的力量是偉大的，它可以讓一個(gè)惹人討厭的人為愛(ài)改變，可以讓你拋開(kāi)偏見(jiàn)，重新認(rèn)識(shí)并接受一個(gè)人。

愛(ài)是沖動(dòng)，是失去理智，是意氣用事，任由自己癲狂，愛(ài)情本身就是瘋狂。然而，又有多少人能為愛(ài)瘋狂呢？現(xiàn)實(shí)是殘酷的，婚姻不等于愛(ài)情，以至于“死生契闊，與子相悅；執(zhí)子之手，與子偕老?！边@個(gè)理想離我們?cè)絹?lái)越遠(yuǎn)。達(dá)西和伊麗莎白的婚姻是最幸福的，除了刻骨銘心的愛(ài)情，還有一個(gè)必要條件，那就是達(dá)西雄厚的財(cái)富。金錢(qián)在他們的婚姻中一點(diǎn)也不世俗，這份財(cái)富給他們的愛(ài)以陽(yáng)光和養(yǎng)分，他們的婚姻是最讓人羨慕的。如果婚姻是這樣一座圍城，那么我會(huì)很愿意被困在這樣一座城中，被愛(ài)圍困何嘗不是一種幸福呢？

幸福是一種主觀(guān)感受，一個(gè)人的婚姻是否幸福，與他對(duì)婚姻的態(tài)度有關(guān)。有人為愛(ài)結(jié)婚，有人為情欲結(jié)婚，有人為財(cái)富結(jié)婚，也有人為結(jié)婚而結(jié)婚?！栋谅c偏見(jiàn)》向我們展示了不同的婚姻觀(guān)，也讓我們思考，怎樣的婚姻才是我們想要的，怎樣的婚姻才是適合自己的。

“死生契闊，與子相悅；執(zhí)子之手，與子偕老”是我對(duì)婚姻最美好的期盼，也是我看了《傲慢與偏見(jiàn)》這部小說(shuō)后更加堅(jiān)定的信念。