第一篇：人性與神性的抗?fàn)幷撐模ù笕?/a>

第二篇：豬八戒人物分析作文《獸性,人性,神性》

獸性、人性、神性

《西游記》中，唐僧的三個性格各不相同的徒弟在取經(jīng)路上扮演著重要的角色。孫悟空有勇有謀、沙僧任勞任怨，而每每談到豬八戒，浮現(xiàn)在我們腦海中的就是他貪吃好色的丑態(tài)。不過我認(rèn)為它是必不可少的，正是他多變的性格，豐富了西天取經(jīng)的路程。

豬八戒外表的獸性是無法改變的，他錯投豬胎，書中寫他“卷臟蓮蓬吊搭嘴、耳似蒲扇顯金睛、獠牙鋒利如鋼銼、長嘴張開似火盆?！笨梢娝嗝采梅浅３舐獓樔?。而豬八戒卻常說：“我們丑自丑都有用。”難看的外形加上這般詼諧的語言，使得他的形象更加生動鮮活了。

豬八戒的內(nèi)心中，無時無刻不顯示出鮮明的人性。他好吃懶做，自私自利，在巡山時竟倒頭睡下，這不正是它反映了明代社會中小生產(chǎn)者只顧自身利益的意識特點(diǎn)嗎？他遇事總是第一個打退堂鼓，與黃袍怪交戰(zhàn)時拋下沙僧自己逃跑，這不正是鄉(xiāng)村勞動人民頑固的保守心理的表現(xiàn)嗎？作者將這些復(fù)雜的特點(diǎn)融入豬八戒這個角色，可謂絕妙！

豬八戒的神性是最不可缺少的，他本為天蓬元帥，雖被貶下凡，但仍會使九齒釘耙、騰云駕霧、三十六變。雖然法力遠(yuǎn)不如大師兄悟空，但已是不同凡響，幫助大師兄降妖不在話下。雖是被迫取經(jīng)，但他還是在危難時刻回到花果山，尋找悟空求助，忠心耿耿保衛(wèi)師傅。西天取經(jīng)的路上若是沒了他，恐怕很難成功。獸性、人性、神性組成了豬八戒這樣一個特殊的角色?？勺钪匾氖?，他是師徒四人中最真性情的一個，沒有唐僧的虛偽，沒有悟空的強(qiáng)勢，沒有沙僧的愚鈍，他必是最能體現(xiàn)一個人性情的角色。

第三篇：“人性”與“神性”的抗?fàn)帯接憽栋屠枋ツ冈骸?、《紅字》、《荊棘鳥》中籠罩在宗教統(tǒng)治下的愛情悲劇

摘要：愛情,是人類永恒的話題,而在西方宗教的禁欲主義壓制下,愛情每每帶有悲劇色彩。在西方文學(xué)作品關(guān)于神職人員的愛情的描寫中,便有了“人性”與“神性”的抗?fàn)?。本文試從三部作品詮釋西方宗教下的愛情悲劇?/p>

關(guān)鍵詞:愛情;人性;神性;抗?fàn)?悲劇

愛情,永遠(yuǎn)是人類生活中最美好的情感之一。愛情與“談愛色變”的禁欲主義一直在作著努力的抗?fàn)?即“人性”與“神性”的抗?fàn)?。盡管這種碰撞都帶有悲劇色彩。本文試從這個角度出發(fā)探討《巴黎圣母院》、《紅字》、《荊棘鳥》中籠罩在宗教統(tǒng)治下的愛情悲劇。

一、扭曲、變態(tài)的愛情——人性悲劇

19世紀(jì)法國浪漫主義作家雨果在《巴黎圣母院》中塑造的副主教克洛德一直被看作邪惡勢力的代表,也是人們極力鞭撻的對象,但如果認(rèn)真考察他的內(nèi)心世界及同周圍環(huán)境的聯(lián)系,就不難發(fā)現(xiàn),他身上不僅有牧師的虛偽,也有著人性遭到壓抑之后的悲哀?？v觀14世紀(jì)后期的歐洲,資產(chǎn)階級掀起人文主義運(yùn)動,這場運(yùn)動直接抨擊了中世紀(jì)的教會的精神獨(dú)裁和禁欲主義,追求個人的現(xiàn)世幸福已成為普遍現(xiàn)象,而克洛德作為社會的一員,也有了人性的要求。但他一直過著遠(yuǎn)離女人的清修生活,節(jié)制自己的各種欲望,并且自以為是快樂的。直到見到了在巴黎街頭跳舞的艾斯美拉達(dá),人的意識才覺醒了。他被這種強(qiáng)烈的愛折磨著,無論是白天還是黑夜,都在忍受著一種比死亡力量還要強(qiáng)大的苦刑。作為一個神職人員,這可謂是大逆不道。但是副主教也是一個人,宗教的知識不能滿足他對生活的要求,作為一個人,他也有人的感情、人的欲望、人的愛。基于這種愛,他才念念不平,發(fā)出人性的呼喊:“究竟,一個男人愛上了一個女人,這并不是他的錯?！?/p>

然而,正因?yàn)樗蟮倪@種愛是他所代表的那種勢力和環(huán)境所不能允許的,因此,它的表現(xiàn)出來的方式便是扭曲的,變形的。人要想得到解放,就必須消滅集中表現(xiàn)在他本身處境中的一切違反人性的生活條件,但是帶著十字架的副主教既沒有這樣的勇氣,也沒有這樣的能力和覺悟。他一方面憎恨宗教的非人性,一方面又在心里激起了對自己人性要求的憎恨。他極力把這雙重的憎恨攪合在一起,便自己成為一個無法解脫的瘋狂的人。于是在他愛而不得中,他設(shè)置了一系列陰謀,劫持愛斯美拉達(dá),誣陷她,直到把她送上絞刑架,處在“人性”與“神性”雙重壓迫下的克洛德,最終也在自己布下的宗教網(wǎng)中毀滅了。雨果曾宣稱:“人是生來善良、純潔、公正和誠實(shí)的,如果他的心變得冰冷,那是因?yàn)橛腥讼缌怂幕鹧妗闭墙虝萘Φ摹胺侨诵浴?才決定了克洛德的畸形可怕愛情觀,才有了他為人性而喪失人性的追求。

二、內(nèi)疚、自責(zé)的愛情——處境悲劇

與克洛德的悲劇不同的是,美國19世紀(jì)浪漫主義作家霍桑的《紅字》中則描寫了海絲特·白蘭與神職人員亞瑟·丁梅斯代爾的愛情悲劇,他們的愛情,可謂處境艱難,舉步維艱。作品以嚴(yán)酷的清教政權(quán)統(tǒng)治下的北美洲殖民地時期為背景,女主人公海絲特·白蘭,由于犯了通奸罪,堅(jiān)決不交待同犯,被清教徒政權(quán)關(guān)進(jìn)監(jiān)獄,終生戴上恥辱的紅Ａ字示眾(Ａ字是英語通奸Adultely一詞的第一個字母),作為勸誡世人的活標(biāo)本,受到人們的鄙視和摒棄。海絲特是年青、美貌的女郎,卻嫁了一個年紀(jì)衰老、體態(tài)畸形的丈夫,她感受不到愛情,在她丈夫失蹤以后,青年牧師丁梅斯代爾闖進(jìn)她孤獨(dú)的生活,她愛上了牧師。追求純真的愛情,渴望幸福的生活,這是一個活的女人的生活權(quán)利和合理要求,可是,她卻遭到清教政權(quán)的懲罰,終生戴著紅字示眾。丁梅斯代爾是一個博學(xué)多識,前途無量的教師,很早地就立下了獻(xiàn)身宗教的志向。但是,清苦的教會生活,呆板的教條,雖然一時禁錮了丁梅斯代爾這樣虔誠教徒的內(nèi)心,但一看見“身體修長,容姿完整優(yōu)美到堂皇程度,烏黑豐茂的頭發(fā)那么光澤,閃耀出陽光的顏色,她的面孔,除去潤澤的膚色與端正美麗的五官之外,還有清秀的眉宇和深黑的眼睛”的海絲特時,他的“人性”就復(fù)活了,并且最終戰(zhàn)勝了“神性”,與海絲特發(fā)生了關(guān)系,但是,宗教精神象雅片一樣毒害著他的心靈,他頭腦中根深蒂固的宗教觀念早已扼殺了他對愛情和幸福的渴望,他把自己與海絲特的愛情關(guān)系看成是

“冒犯了一條神圣的法律”。他把自看成一個罪人,應(yīng)該受到懲罰,但又不敢公開承擔(dān)自己的罪責(zé)。他既害怕和海絲特一起戴紅字示眾,又怕上帝不饒恕他。為了悔罪,他在密室中用血淋淋的鞭子抽打自己,不斷折磨自己,他的良心絲毫得不到安寧,“可憐的牧師一面受著肉體疾病的痛苦,一面受著靈魂極度煩惱的折磨,同時又聽?wèi){他的死對頭任意擺布”?！岸谶@時,他在他的神圣職務(wù)上,卻獲得了燦爛的聲譽(yù)”,更使他陷入無邊痛苦深淵之中,他幾乎喪失了理智,他的精神一直處在罪惡的痛苦和徒然的悔恨之中,心靈備受折磨,終于心力交瘁,成了宗教毒害的犧牲品。

透過這兩個人物的處境,讓我們看到了兩顆破碎的心靈怎樣在痛苦中呻吟,在絕望中掙扎,丁梅斯代爾在自己的頭頂?shù)囊黄炜丈?又掀起了他自己無法平息的風(fēng)暴,海絲特內(nèi)心的迷惘、猜疑和瘋狂則也攪暗了她自己頭頂?shù)奶炜?內(nèi)心世界處境和外部環(huán)境的處境的艱難,注定了他們悲劇的結(jié)局。

三、執(zhí)著、偷獵的愛情——結(jié)局悲劇

正如黑格爾說:“情欲是人的自然本性,具有原始本能的特性,情欲是能動的,躁動不安的,本質(zhì)上講是不安于現(xiàn)狀的?！?977年,澳大利亞女作家科林·麥考洛在美國出版了她的長篇小說《荊棘鳥》,這篇小說一經(jīng)出世即引起轟動,被譽(yù)為一部“澳大利亞的《飄》”。男主人公拉爾夫同樣無法擺脫禁欲主義的束縛,但作為一個情感豐富的男人,他不能滅絕情欲,不能不愛梅吉,他的靈魂長期處于“神性”與“人性”的尖銳對立之中,他曾想“既不作一個男人,也不作一個教士,只作一個兼存二者的人。”同丁梅斯代爾一樣,他也無法擺脫強(qiáng)烈的權(quán)利欲望和愛情需求,當(dāng)富翁瑪麗·卡森死后,把財產(chǎn)留給了羅馬天主教會,其條件是“教會必須賞識拉爾夫神父的價值和才干”時,在他身上展開了上帝與情欲、權(quán)力與愛情的激烈搏斗,占有他整個身心的是“神性”與“人性”的廝殺,對他來說,兩方面都是無法割舍的,放棄任何一方都是痛苦或毀滅……最終,“神性”戰(zhàn)勝了“人性”,他摒棄了梅吉,雖然他愛她。在小說中,梅吉的形象最富魅力最激動人心之處,是她對愛情的大膽追求和對愛情的忠貞不渝,與海絲特·白蘭一樣,愛情給她帶來太多的痛苦,但她仍然愛得執(zhí)著,她說過:“我生來就是為他的,只為他”,她苦苦思念,久久等待。從青春妙齡到白發(fā)蒼蒼,癡情不改,無怨無悔。為此,她無畏地闖入宗教禁區(qū),與上帝爭奪拉爾夫。值得一提的是,與前面兩例愛情不同的是,拉爾夫與梅吉畢竟有過刻銘心的兩天。深秋的麥特帶克島是旅游的淡季,在友人的幫助下,拉爾夫來看望在這里獨(dú)自休養(yǎng)身心的梅吉,這時候的拉爾夫?yàn)榱吮３朱`魂完美而進(jìn)行的令人苦惱的斗爭、意志對愿望的長期壓抑,全都不要了,一輩子的努力在傾刻間冰消瓦解,于是在這20世紀(jì)的伊甸園中,亞當(dāng)偷吃了禁果,結(jié)果則是他否定了上帝,他認(rèn)為“上帝不過是一個騙局,一個幽靈,一個小丑?！眱商斓臍g愉也使梅吉“從上帝那里偷到了拉爾夫”,盡管天主教會是那么的不可一世,上帝是那么的威嚴(yán)神圣,她卻以傲然的力量與之抗?fàn)?并從心底喊出“我能戰(zhàn)勝上帝!”

《荊棘島》之所以引起轟動,還在于其“人性”與“神性”沖突的最終結(jié)局上,盡管梅吉從上帝那里偷到了拉爾夫——有了他的孩子,但作家最后還是把有價值的東西毀壞了給讀者看,那就是戴恩的死。梅吉一直瞞著拉爾夫有了兩個人的結(jié)晶——戴恩,戴恩長大后,無比優(yōu)秀,出于對拉爾失的崇拜,也要獻(xiàn)身于上帝,作一個教士,梅吉答應(yīng)了兒子,并給拉爾夫?qū)懶乓疹櫵?“我偷來什么,就歸還什么”。戴恩在神學(xué)院畢業(yè)后,在希臘由于救兩個溺水的女孩而喪身。梅吉來到羅馬要拉爾夫想辦法運(yùn)回戴恩的尸體,并告訴了拉爾夫:戴恩是他的兒子,拉爾夫失聲痛哭,“從椅子上向前跌落在地上。”失掉了情人,又失掉了兒子,他感到出賣了自己,他為上帝付出了高昂的精神代價,到頭來一無所有,埋葬兒子后,極度的痛苦使他麻木了,他倒在梅吉的懷里,喊著:“梅吉,梅吉……”合上雙眼而死去。宗教以禁欲主義為工具,殘害了法國中世紀(jì)的克洛德,又鉗制了19世紀(jì)美國殖民地上的海絲特與丁梅斯代爾,在20世紀(jì)同樣踐踏了澳大利亞土地上的梅吉與拉爾夫。

《巴黎圣母院》、《紅字》、《荊棘鳥》三篇小說都寫到了神職人員的愛情,寫出了“人性”與“神

性”的沖突,其中一個重在寫追求“人性”的過程中對“人性”的扭曲,一個寫內(nèi)心處境與外在處境的抗?fàn)幹械臍?另一個則寫險些抗?fàn)巹倮蠼Y(jié)局的失敗,但在充滿悲劇的追求中所表現(xiàn)的無所顧忌的勇氣和不屈不撓的精神必然令人振奮,使人的形象變得崇高偉大起來,從而賦予了宗教下的愛情悲劇美的內(nèi)涵。這正是我要寫作這篇文章的主旨所在。

第四篇：人性文明論文

Outline

I.introduction

1.1 The love in Wuthering Heights

1.2 The two main characters’ human nature

II.The temporal social culture and humanity

2.1 Culture and humanity on that time

2.2 Humanity was dispelled in a corner, social culture was filled in civic brain

III.Catherine’s love under the social culture

3.1 The reasons for deep love

3.2 Social culture wins humanity’s love

IV.Heathcliff’s love and hate —producing from the collision between humanity and culture

4.1 Heathcliff’s love for Catherine causes by nature and it is unchanged and undying

4.2 Heathcliff’s hate causes by culture which is quite incisive and vivil

4.3 Love and hate on Heathcliff which importune himself

4.4 Humanity’s love makes Heathcliff losing the primitive pleasure

V.Conclusion

5.1 When love turns to hate , hate twists humanity

摘要 艾米莉.勃朗特在《呼嘯山莊》中，以愛情為主題，從一個側(cè)面展現(xiàn)了人性與社會文明的沖突，展示了人性是多么復(fù)雜的東西，而使這部小說有了令人難以忘懷的地方。本文揭示了人性的復(fù)雜與深刻，在于它所蘊(yùn)含的愛與恨，而左右著人性的又是當(dāng)時的社會文明。本文探討了小說中的人性與文明的沖突的產(chǎn)物——愛與恨，而凱瑟琳和希刺克利夫在人性與文明的影響下又怎樣面對他們的愛情。在社會文明的影響下，當(dāng)愛情產(chǎn)生了恨，而恨往往把人性扭曲了，而有了一場社會文明下的悲劇人性愛情故事，因?yàn)楫?dāng)人性再度重現(xiàn)，已錯過了一段美麗的愛情。

關(guān)鍵詞： 人性 文明 愛 報復(fù)

Abstract In Wuthering Heights by Emily Bronte, based on love, on the other side, demonstrates the collision between humanity and culture.The humanity is very complex.Accordingly, this novel has the haunting plot.This novel reveals the humanity’s complexity and profundity, because it implies the love and resentment, furthermore, the humanity has impacted on the temporal social culture.This paper explores the love and hate ——producing from the collision between humanity and culture.And try to illustrate the undying love between Catherine and Heathcliff through humanity and culture and how to face their love.Under the social culture, when love turns to hate , hate twists humanity.Thereby, humanity’s love is as tragedy through

culture.Because they missed the beautiful time for love ,when humanity arises again.Key words: Humanity Culture Love Revenge

Humanity ? Culture ?——Wuthering Heighets’love

Introduction

In Wuthering Heights, the topic is love, deduces us a world-shaking undying love.They are not only have the lingering love, but also a deeply ingrained hate between them.Catherine and Heathcliff’s love has both humanity and social culture and which bind with them.The humanity has made their love unchanged and undying, but culture destroys this love, and causes hate, Catherine betrays him.Therefore Heathcliff’s hate is quite incisive and vivid, but still comes back to the love.In the novel by Emily Bronte, the two main characters have the natural style and primitive nature—— naivete, truculence, frankness, firmness, a flush of sentiment, behavior is crazy.They love very desperately, they hate is regardless of whatever.As a result, the characters’ love quite strong, shaking-heart.“Unchanged as the mount, ferocity as the lighting”(song p7).Hence, Wuthering Heights becomes the most magnificent love epic in the world.The social culture and humanity

In the nineteenth century, the Victorian period the nobleman is enormously proud of their success, full of the temporal rank concept.Status is first, money is God.people’s spirits suffer from the intense oppression.Humanity is twisted without mercy.The Earnshows hold a precarious place within the hierarchy.Although the gentry, possessed servants and often large estates, they nonetheless hold a fragile social position.The Lintons are relatively firm in their gentry’s status, but the Earnshows are on much shakier ground social.Catherine wants to marry Edgar so that she will be “the greatest woman of the neighborhood”.Above all, this is the social culture and humanity on that time.But Catherine and Heathcliff‘s character is governed by their passions, not by reflection or ideals of civility.Also the house where they live comes to symbolize the humanity, but Thrushcross Grange represents culture, convention, refinement.When Catherine left for Thrushcross Grange the first time, she has impacted on this culture and finds herself deeply attracted by it.Therefore, for love her heart so ambivalent.Owning to Catherine’s changing, Heathcliff begins to resent the society that is responsible, “when he acquires power and returns to Wuthering Heights with money and the trappings of a gentleman he becomes a villain”.Humanity was dispelled in a corner;social culture was filled in civic brain.Catherine’s love under the social culture

The heroine—Catherine is very ambivalent in her love.Due to human nature, she loves Heathcliff deeply with childlike passion, and her soul can’t live without him.But the social culture made her betray the love in order to satisfy her yearning for fame and wealth.She chooses Linton, hereby her love becomes a tragedy.Catherine is crazy about Heath cliff.Their love is rooted in their childhood and is marked by the refusal to change and embrace those differences.Moreover, their love is based on their shared perception that they are identical, even their souls are shared by one.Catherine declares, “Whatever our souls are made of, his and mine are the same”.(Gao p103)“I am Heathcliff!”(Gao p105)When she first comes back from Thrushcross Grange, she immediately realizes the impact that the social culture has had in her.Her heart becomes more complex and ambivalent.Catherine looks for Heathcliff, to embrace and kiss him, at the same time she is afraid about Heathcliff’s dirty clothe against her clean dress.She also treats her marriage like this.If she marries Heathcliff she will be a beggar.Even if she is well aware that without Heathcliff she can’t live, but the cruel reality helps her realize that marrying Linton will make her become the greatest woman in the area.The temptation of material benefit and the bourgeois culture society, made her betray her love.But her betrayal is not thorough.Although, she dares to break free from the low class culture.She is still crazy about Heathcliff even without property, status.As Catherine says “It would degrade me to marry Heathcliff now ………but because he is more myself than I am.”(Gao p102)But humanity’s love never let Catherine give up Heathcliff.Catherine said “My love for Heathcliff resembles the eternal rocks beneath: a source of little visible delight, but necessary……..but as my own being.”(Gao p105)Her choice about marriage made her betray her humanity and Heath cliff, forcing Heathcliff to leave.Despite her childlike nature to love him very deeply with fierce passion.Social culture wins humanity in Catherine, but she was never happy at the civilized Thrushcross Grange, and found herself feeling empty without soul.And for the next seven years, Catherine coasted through life, living only in the past.Her soul so eager to meet Heathcliff’s soul.Ultimately, she is torn between her wild passion for Heath cliff and her social ambition.But the primitive love exceeds the cultural love, causes her miss the Wuthering Heights in sick.And before she dies, go into the bosom of Heathcliff.After she dies, her lonely ghost thirsts for coming back Wuthering Heights.She uses the melancholy voice sobs “Let me in —Let me in!”(Song p28)

Heathcliff’s love and hate

Heathcliff’s love is pure in intention and never changes.Like Catherine, he loves to run around on the moor.His love just has the human nature’s emotion without rank, culture.Heathcliff never says “l(fā)ove”, but his love stronger than hurricane, compare with cloudburst.He is filled with uncontrollable passion.In chapter third, he hears some sounds in Catherine’s room, “his agitation was so extreme, that he could hardly pick it up.”(Gao p30)Upon arriving at the bedroom, as Lockwood[the renter of Thrushcross Grange] flees from it, Heath cliff cries out to Catherine begging her to return..“ ‘Come in!Come in!’He sobbed ‘Cathy, do come.Oh do –once more!Oh!My heart’s darling;hear me this time.Catherine, at last!’ ”(Gao p33)this shows how Heathcliff tastes the bitterness of his lost love.His love for Catherine is expressed simple, honestly brevity but full of fervid love.In chapter sixteenth, he curses Catherine for the pain.She has caused him and pleads with her spirit to haunt him for the rest of his life.She may take any form, he says, and even drives me mad as long as I am living.He goes on to say “may you not rest as long as I am living!You said I killed you---haunt me, then!” “Be with me always---take any form---drive me mad!Only do not leave me in this abyss, where I can’t find you!”(Gao p218)Although in this chapter, there are no definite words to represent Heathcliff’s love, it is nonetheless known and deeply rooted in their hearts, never losing their passion.Because of the strength of his love for Catherine, Heathcliff undertakes his wicked and vengeful revenge against those deems responsible for his misery

Heathcliff comes from the lower class and because of this, the Linton family makes him feels unworthy of her.Catherine seeks a more genteel life therefore betraying their love.When Heathcliff heard that “It would degrade me to marry Heath cliff now”(Gao p102).He withdraws in a rage of shame, humiliation, and despair.Three years later, Heathcliff comes back with power and money, he is longing for meeting Catherine, at this time he begins to do an elaborate plan for revenge.But his cruel and harmful behavior comes from the pain of his love.He becomes a fiend, a demon, toward every person around him.He ruins Hindley [Catherine’s brother] by tricking him and therefore, taking possession of Wuthering Heights.He also ends Hareton’s [Hindley’s son] education after Hindley died, and then elopes with Isabella [Lintion’s sister], after she is ill-treated by him.Likewise, Heathcliff uses Isabella to revenge Edgar.“His malevolence proves so great and long—lasting that it can’t be adequately explained even as a desire for revenge”(Liu p34)Without Catherine , he lost his sense of life , revenge replaces love , and become the driving force behind his actions.However, who strips his love? What does twist his humanity? But the deep-rooted love didn’t disappear at all.Heathcliff tries to recapture the spirit of Catherine in his desire to rejoin her.He even opens her coffin, Heathcliff says “I saw her face again”.The many signs of Catherine show that “she did exist” but that “I have lost her”.When Heathcliff fulfills his revenge, he finds that the primary pleasure is no longer within him.He begins to give up his revenge, wanting only to be with Catherine.The humanity of his love arises again, love for Catherine eroding his lust for revenge.In Heathcliff’s life, he sees Catherine’s shadow everywhere.He is bound to Catherine.They shared one soul, longing to become one unit.Heath cliff becomes more and more obsessed with the memories of Catherine, begins to talking with her ghost.Remembering his climactic night on the moors , he feels so happy and anticipates a reunion with her ghost.Two opened souls become one.Heathcliff’s feeling of revenge for his lost love ,eventually ,return to the original source.In the end, Humanity’s love wins driving his life from this point onward.Conclusion

“Inevitably , the unbridgeable gab in Catherine’s and Heath cliff’s social positions renders their fervent romance unrealizable on any practical level ”.（Liu p77）Catherine’s actions are so stringing driven by her social ambitions , that she betrays her humanity, and consequently Heathcliff’s love turns top the hate.Heathcliff becomes a so-called genteel man, returns to Wuthering Heights and carrying out all the cruel acts of revenge.Nevertheless, this love is natural, primitive, inner, and spiritual one.On account of their soul has been the unit can’t separate from each other, no more than two bodies.The emotion can’t use the culture to explain and alter it.The temporal social culture compares with the delicate humanity, thereby resulting in a painful ending to this love story.When love turns to hate, hate twists the humanity.This profound avatar is shown through Heathcliff and Catherine.The author shows for us the struggle between humanity’s love and social culture.In light if this ideal, today, how do we choose our love when faced it?

Works cited

Jihai Gao, Wuthering Heights, YILI Yili people’s press.2003.6

Jianxi Liu, Wuthering Heights, Tianjing Tianjing technology translation publishing house 2003.9

Zhaolin Song, Wuthering Heights prolusion, peking pekingyanshan press 1999.9

第五篇：中國神話與抗?fàn)幘?/a>

中國神話與抗?fàn)幘?/p>

轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)：哈佛果然是世界一等一大學(xué)，就教授解讀咱們國家關(guān)于信仰問題的論調(diào)，實(shí)在是太有深度。

哈佛教授：中國人自己都不知道的一個民族特征，卻讓他們屹立至今。

美國哈佛大學(xué)神學(xué)院教授大衛(wèi).查普曼，在一場講座中，向臺下近千名學(xué)生分享、解讀中國神話故事，并不下十次用激情的語調(diào)總結(jié)中國神話故事的內(nèi)核：中華民族特征。

在他的情緒帶動下，現(xiàn)場氛圍一直熱血高漲。他說：“我們的神話里，火是上帝賜予的；希臘神話里，火是普羅米修斯偷來的；而在中國的神話里，火是他們鉆木取火堅(jiān)韌不拔摩擦出來的！這就是區(qū)別，他們用這樣的故事告誡后代，與自然作斗爭！”（鉆木取火）

“面對末日洪水，我們在諾亞方舟里躲避，但中國人的神話里，他們的祖先戰(zhàn)勝了洪水，看吧，仍然是斗爭，與災(zāi)難作斗爭！”（大禹治水）“如果你們?nèi)プx一下中國神話，你會覺得他們的故事很不可思議，拋開故事情節(jié)，找到神話里表現(xiàn)的文化核心，你就會發(fā)現(xiàn)，只有兩個字：抗?fàn)?！假如有一座山擋在你的門前，你是選擇搬家還是挖隧道？顯而易見，搬家是最好的選擇。然而在中國的故事里，他們卻把山搬開了（愚公移山）！可惜，這樣的精神內(nèi)核，我們的神話里卻不存在，我們的神話是聽從神的安排?！?/p>

“每個國家都有太陽神的傳說，在部落時代，太陽神有著絕對的權(quán)威，縱覽所有太陽神的神話你會發(fā)現(xiàn)，只有中國人的神話里有敢于挑戰(zhàn)太陽神的故事：有一個人因?yàn)樘柼珶?，就去追太陽，想要把太陽摘下來（夸父追日）。?dāng)然，最后他累死了——我聽到很多人在笑，這太遺憾了，因?yàn)槟銈冃@個人不自量力，正是證明了你們沒有挑戰(zhàn)困難的意識。但是中國的神話里，人們把他當(dāng)做英雄來傳頌，因?yàn)樗矣诤涂雌饋黼y以戰(zhàn)勝的力量作斗爭。

在另一個故事里，他們終于把太陽射下來了（后羿射日），中國人的祖先用這樣的故事告訴后代：可以輸，但不能屈服。中國人聽著這樣的神話故事長大，勇于抗?fàn)幍木褚呀?jīng)成為遺傳基因，他們自己意識不到，但會像祖先一樣堅(jiān)強(qiáng)。因此你們現(xiàn)在再想到中國人倔強(qiáng)的不服輸精神，就容易理解多了，這是他們屹立至今的原因?！?/p>

大衛(wèi)教授的講座視頻被傳到社交網(wǎng)站上后，引起國外網(wǎng)友熱烈討論。

“一個女孩被大海淹死了，她化作一只鳥復(fù)活，想要把海填平——這就是抗?fàn)?！”（精衛(wèi)填海）

“一個人因?yàn)樘魬?zhàn)天帝的神威被砍下了頭，可他沒死，而是揮舞著斧子繼續(xù)斗爭！”（刑天）

不得不說，這位大衛(wèi).查普曼教授解讀中國神話的角度很新穎，也十分到位。我們經(jīng)常說中華民族幾千年來是靠著不斷與自然、災(zāi)難、環(huán)境作斗爭才延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，但有幾個人想到過，中國人這種延續(xù)了幾千年的斗爭精神是如何保持下來的？

每個民族的神話都有自己的烙印，但你見過哪個民族的神話里有我們這么多戰(zhàn)天斗地的抗?fàn)幑适拢?/p>

老子的“天地不仁，以萬物為芻狗”，說的就是要生存就得靠自己，不能靠蒼天。這比“神愛世人”聽起來殘酷，但非?，F(xiàn)實(shí)。

我們從小聽到大，并口口相傳給下一代的這些神話故事，體現(xiàn)的絕不僅是故事那么簡單。每個文明在初期都是有神論，但唯獨(dú)我們的文明不畏懼神，也許正因?yàn)槲覀兩羁汤斫饫献拥哪蔷湓?，所以我們的祖先從不把生存的希望寄托于神的眷顧，也因此，很多人說中國人沒有信仰。呵呵，沒信仰的民族能存續(xù)5000年嗎？

實(shí)際上，勇于抗?fàn)?，不怕輸，更不會服，是我們的民族精神，也是我們的信仰?/p>