第一篇：“高處何所有”新材料作文寫作

“高處何所有”新材料作文寫作

(必修五第90頁)閱讀下面材料，從中提煉一個(gè)有意義的話題，然后圍繞話題，自擬題目，寫一篇不少于800字的文章。

老酋長病危，找來村中三個(gè)年輕人，要他們盡可能爬到神山最高處，回來報(bào)告見聞，以便確定接班人。

三天后，第一個(gè)年輕人回來了。他笑生雙靨，衣履光鮮：“酋長，我到達(dá)山頂了，我看到繁花夾道，流泉淙淙，鳥鳴嚶嚶?！崩锨蹰L笑了：“孩子，你說的地方不是山頂，而是山麓。你回去吧！”

一周后，第二個(gè)年輕人回來了。他神情疲倦，滿臉風(fēng)霜：“酋長，我到達(dá)山頂了。我看到高大肅穆的松樹林，看到禿鷹盤旋?！薄昂⒆?，那是山腰。不過，也難為你了，你回去吧！”

一個(gè)月過去，當(dāng)大家開始為第三位年輕人擔(dān)心時(shí)，他一步一蹭，衣不蔽體地回來了。他發(fā)枯唇燥，只剩下清炯的眼神：“酋長，我終于到達(dá)山頂。但是我該怎么說呢？那里只有高風(fēng)悲旋，藍(lán)天四垂。”“你一無所見嗎？”“是的，一無所見。能看到的，只有自己，只有自己被放在天地間的渺小。”“年輕人，祝賀你！”

寫作指導(dǎo)：這則材料是根據(jù)張曉楓的散文《高處何所有》改寫的，要求依據(jù)材料確定話題，展開寫作。通觀整個(gè)材料不難發(fā)現(xiàn)老酋長是貫穿始終的人物，他考察接班人的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是作者主要立意之所在。而三位年輕人中，又以第三位為重點(diǎn)，其他只起襯托作用。所以可供選擇的話題有“高度”“境界”“成功”等。無論選取什么話題，都應(yīng)該根據(jù)自己的知識(shí)積淀，選取你熟悉的某一方面作為切入口，深入挖掘，構(gòu)思成文。

第二篇：張曉風(fēng)《高處何所有》說課稿

『創(chuàng)意說明』：

《高處何所有》是張曉風(fēng)的一篇哲理散文。文章有一個(gè)副標(biāo)題“贈(zèng)給畢業(yè)同學(xué)”，可見是為那些在攀登學(xué)問這座大山的學(xué)子們寫的。可是，文章所蘊(yùn)含的深意，卻遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過了做學(xué)問本身，那是一種人生的哲理，是在比較了多種人生境界后對(duì)某種至高境界的由衷贊許，是對(duì)那種看似平易卻難以抵達(dá)的真英雄境界的詮釋與破譯。所以這篇文章在學(xué)生的人生追求和人生觀的選擇方面應(yīng)該是一篇不可多得的教材。

新課標(biāo)中提到語文學(xué)科是人文性與工具性結(jié)合的學(xué)科。人文性的特點(diǎn)要求語文教師要重視語文的熏陶感染作用，要重視培養(yǎng)學(xué)生形成良好的品德修養(yǎng)和審美情趣，使他們逐步形成良好的個(gè)性和健全的人格，促進(jìn)德、智、體、美的和諧發(fā)展。工具性的特點(diǎn)要求語文教學(xué)應(yīng)著重培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的語文實(shí)踐能力，要將文本學(xué)習(xí)與寫作活動(dòng)緊密結(jié)合起來，基于以上兩點(diǎn)考慮，我認(rèn)為有必要通過這篇文章的閱讀引導(dǎo)學(xué)生樹立崇高的人生追求，讓他們追求一種最崇高的人生境界，同時(shí)，做為一篇事理類的哲理散文，本文的寫法非常規(guī)范，非常適合學(xué)生的寫作借鑒，因此我也想通過這篇散文的學(xué)習(xí)，讓學(xué)生了解掌握事理散文的寫法和閱讀方法。

為此，我確定了如下的教學(xué)目標(biāo)：

1、引導(dǎo)學(xué)生以分析故事中的人物為著眼點(diǎn)，體會(huì)作者寄寓在作品中的主觀感受和哲思。

2、理解“真英雄何所遇，遇到的是全身的傷痕，是孤獨(dú)的長途，以及愈來愈真切的渺小感”的含義，領(lǐng)悟其中蘊(yùn)含的人生哲理。

3、引導(dǎo)學(xué)生感悟文中蘊(yùn)含的人生哲理，努力成為有高尚人生境界的人，同時(shí)要認(rèn)識(shí)到偉大的事業(yè)是與奉獻(xiàn)、痛苦并存的。

教學(xué)設(shè)想：

引導(dǎo)學(xué)生學(xué)會(huì)分析哲理散文的方法，體現(xiàn)梯度式閱讀的理念。用客觀性閱讀的方法完成對(duì)課文的整體感知，領(lǐng)會(huì)本文的主要內(nèi)容，主觀性閱讀，引導(dǎo)學(xué)生通過分析作者對(duì)人事物或生活片段的描寫，寄寓的主觀感受和哲思。審美閱讀，讓學(xué)生借助聯(lián)想和想象，拓展思維，深層次理解課文的內(nèi)涵。

教學(xué)過程：

創(chuàng)設(shè)情境：由張曉風(fēng)的幾句名言導(dǎo)入，讓學(xué)生初步感受作者語言的風(fēng)格。

整體感知：

1、解題，教師引導(dǎo)學(xué)生分析副標(biāo)題的含義，進(jìn)而引出課文。

2、學(xué)生輪讀課文，思考本文主要寫了一件什么事？

3、師生共議，文中的人物及相關(guān)要素。

深入探究：

1、你如何評(píng)價(jià)文中的這幾個(gè)人物？

2、你能找到文章的主旨句嗎？

3、就文章的內(nèi)容和寫法說一句或一段評(píng)注性的話語。

教師引導(dǎo)學(xué)生跳讀課文，找到文中描寫的自己要評(píng)價(jià)的人物的語句，通過揣摩詞語或句子的含義來分析評(píng)價(jià)人物，體會(huì)作者寄寓在人物身上的主觀傾向和情感，同時(shí)以文末的最后一句話為突破口，引導(dǎo)學(xué)生分析句子含義，理解本文蘊(yùn)含的人生哲理。同時(shí)教師在教學(xué)中點(diǎn)撥學(xué)生運(yùn)用恰當(dāng)?shù)膶W(xué)法學(xué)習(xí)（從語言表達(dá)的角度分析句子含義，抓修辭、詞語的準(zhǔn)確運(yùn)用，通過名言論證、聯(lián)系實(shí)際及對(duì)比等方法表達(dá)自己的見解）。

拓展延伸：教師點(diǎn)撥學(xué)生總結(jié)事理類散文的寫法（一事一議），指導(dǎo)學(xué)生從“成功、態(tài)度決定高度、境界”等話題中任選一個(gè)角度或側(cè)面，口頭表達(dá)自己的見解（200字左右）。

教師小結(jié)：張曉風(fēng)借給我們講了一個(gè)似曾相識(shí)的故事，在平淡中緩緩?fù)赋鲆环N無法回避的魅力，在詩意的描寫中從容的暗示著深刻的人生哲理，作者在散文的結(jié)尾說出了自己的觀點(diǎn)，正是這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)的真實(shí)和冷峻震撼了我們，也吸引了我們。做個(gè)真英雄吧，縱然高處一無所有！

作業(yè)：將口頭作文充實(shí)成一篇500字左右的作文。

補(bǔ)充說明：這是教者參加樺甸市語文學(xué)科教學(xué)研討課活動(dòng)時(shí)準(zhǔn)備的一篇教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)，講完之后重新做了梳理，以求自身的提高和借鑒。

第三篇：新課程寫作教學(xué)有何良策

新課程寫作教學(xué)有何良策

高官中學(xué) 盧建粉

摘要：寫作教學(xué)在教學(xué)實(shí)踐中是一個(gè)難點(diǎn)，如何讓學(xué)生愛上作文，樂于寫作呢？我作了五個(gè)方面的嘗試：一是創(chuàng)設(shè)作文情境，激發(fā)學(xué)生寫作欲望；二是利用仿寫訓(xùn)練，培養(yǎng)語言表達(dá)能力；三是借鑒表現(xiàn)手法，引導(dǎo)學(xué)生巧妙遷移；四是通過改寫擴(kuò)寫，訓(xùn)練學(xué)生創(chuàng)新思維；五是鼓勵(lì)抒發(fā)真情，強(qiáng)調(diào)作文的個(gè)性化。

[關(guān)鍵詞]作文教學(xué)；教材；寫作方法；寫作能力；策略

在現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中，不少學(xué)生厭惡、害怕寫作文，對(duì)寫作缺乏自信、興趣。因此，寫作教學(xué)在我們的教學(xué)實(shí)踐中是一個(gè)難點(diǎn)問題，那么，如何才能激發(fā)學(xué)生的寫作興趣，讓學(xué)生喜歡作文，愛上作文，樂于寫作呢？“工具性與人文性的統(tǒng)一是語文課程的基本特點(diǎn)”，我認(rèn)為：“工具性”也就體現(xiàn)了“做什么、怎么做”的問題，因此，教師應(yīng)充分挖掘教材，利用教材的豐富資源，教給學(xué)生寫作方法，培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的寫作能力。在教學(xué)過程中，我努力抓住教材“工具性”的特點(diǎn)，做了一些嘗試，也獲得了不少成功的喜悅，下面從五個(gè)方面談?wù)勎业牟呗浴?/p>

一、創(chuàng)設(shè)作文情境，激發(fā)學(xué)生寫作欲望。

《七年級(jí)語文（上）》每一個(gè)單元都是由“閱讀”和“綜合性學(xué)習(xí)〃寫作〃口語交際”兩個(gè)部分組成的。其中“綜合性學(xué)習(xí)”是這套教材的特色和亮點(diǎn)，它“致力于語文知識(shí)的綜合運(yùn)用，聽說讀寫能力的整體發(fā)展，課堂內(nèi)外、學(xué)科內(nèi)外和校園內(nèi)外學(xué)習(xí)探究的相互溝通”?？梢苑譃榇缶C合（二、四、六單元）、小綜合（一、三、五單元）各三個(gè)。

我在教學(xué)時(shí)，總是抓住“綜合性學(xué)習(xí)”的特點(diǎn)，即自主性。讓學(xué)生自行選擇，增強(qiáng)學(xué)生的參與意識(shí)。給學(xué)生創(chuàng)設(shè)作文情境，讓學(xué)生有東西可寫，從而產(chǎn)生一種寫作的沖動(dòng)和欲望，激發(fā)學(xué)生寫作。如第四單元“探索月球奧秘”。首先，我將六個(gè)活動(dòng)的內(nèi)容寫在黑板上，即①找出月球的有關(guān)知識(shí)。②找出含有月的成語。③歸納含有月的古代詩詞。④講述關(guān)于月的神話傳說。⑤說出幾幅賞月的佳對(duì)。⑥說出月亮的美稱與雅號(hào)。然后，學(xué)生根據(jù)自己的興趣選擇活動(dòng)內(nèi)容，分成六大組開展活動(dòng)。任務(wù)一分下去，學(xué)生便紛紛準(zhǔn)備，所有學(xué)生都動(dòng)了起來，學(xué)生自主、合作、探究的氛圍異常熱烈。準(zhǔn)備好后，各組之間進(jìn)行交流，那種活躍的氣氛更是空前！一節(jié)課很快就結(jié)束了，等第二節(jié)課，我便趁熱打鐵：要學(xué)生寫下參加這次活動(dòng)的經(jīng)過和心得體會(huì)。學(xué)生一拿起筆就紛紛寫了起來，沒有一個(gè)學(xué)生“啃筆頭”，而且寫得都不錯(cuò)。

二、利用仿寫訓(xùn)練，培養(yǎng)語言表達(dá)能力。

模仿是學(xué)生的天性。在教學(xué)過程中，我總是選取文本的精彩內(nèi)容引導(dǎo)學(xué)生閱讀，然后讓學(xué)生進(jìn)行仿寫訓(xùn)練。具體從兩個(gè)方面進(jìn)行： 一方面選取精彩的句子，讓學(xué)生仿寫。如《紫藤蘿瀑布》一文中的“花朵兒一串挨著一串，一朵接著一朵，彼此推著擠著，好不活潑熱鬧！”這句運(yùn)用擬人的手法，生動(dòng)的表現(xiàn)了花的勃勃生機(jī)和爛漫情趣，通過分析讓學(xué)生理解它的作用，接著便要求學(xué)生運(yùn)用擬人的手法，描寫另外一種熟悉的花。

另一方面選取精彩的段落，讓學(xué)生仿寫。如《走一步，再走一步》一文中“這似乎能辦得到。我小心翼翼的伸出左腳去探那塊巖石，而且踩到了它。我頓時(shí)有了信心。我每次只移動(dòng)一小步，慢慢爬下懸崖。最后，我一腳踩在崖下的巖石上，投入了父親強(qiáng)壯的手臂中。我先是啜泣了一會(huì)兒，然后，我產(chǎn)生了一種巨大的成就感?！边@是作者克服困難的過程和感受，學(xué)完后，我引導(dǎo)學(xué)生模仿寫一段自己克服困難的經(jīng)歷，重點(diǎn)是具體的過程和心理活動(dòng)的模仿。

每學(xué)完一篇文章，我總要抓住課文中的精彩內(nèi)容進(jìn)行仿寫訓(xùn)練，一學(xué)期下來，我發(fā)現(xiàn)學(xué)生的語言表達(dá)能力有明顯提高。每次月考，我都有意識(shí)的出一些相關(guān)的題目，讓學(xué)生進(jìn)行仿寫訓(xùn)練，結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)學(xué)生的正確率達(dá)95%以上。所教學(xué)生參加學(xué)校組織的作文競賽，寫作水平均名列前茅。

三、借鑒表現(xiàn)手法，引導(dǎo)學(xué)生巧妙遷移?！镀吣昙?jí)語文（上）》有很多優(yōu)秀的文章，它們?cè)趯懛ㄉ虾苡刑厣?，我在教學(xué)過程中，重點(diǎn)分析，引導(dǎo)學(xué)生巧妙遷移。

如第二單元《人生寓言（節(jié)選）》中的《白兔和月亮》與《落難的王子》這兩則寓言都運(yùn)用了對(duì)比的寫法，前者將白兔擁有月亮前后的心情進(jìn)行了對(duì)比，后者將王子落難前后的性格變化進(jìn)行了對(duì)比。學(xué)完這篇課文后，我要求學(xué)生運(yùn)用對(duì)比的寫法，以《我變了》為題寫一篇作文。由于學(xué)生真正了解了對(duì)比，所以學(xué)生的文章都寫得很好。

再如第三單元《春》，我重點(diǎn)就抓住了正面描寫與側(cè)面描寫相結(jié)合的寫法引導(dǎo)學(xué)生巧妙遷移。如：“春花圖”中：“花下成千成百的蜜蜂嗡嗡的鬧著，大小的蝴蝶飛來飛去?！边@里為什么要寫蜜蜂和蝴蝶？“春風(fēng)圖”中為什么要寫“新翻的泥土氣息”“鳥兒呼朋引伴”“牛背上牧童的短笛”？“春雨圖”中為什么要寫“撐起傘慢慢走著的人，地里還有工作的農(nóng)民，披著蓑戴著笠”等等。通過仔細(xì)分析，學(xué)生不難理解這些側(cè)面描寫的好處。學(xué)完《春》后，我便布置了一道作文題《美景》，要求學(xué)生運(yùn)用正面描寫與側(cè)面描寫相結(jié)合的寫法。后來，我在作文講評(píng)時(shí)，發(fā)現(xiàn)很多學(xué)生的側(cè)面描寫用得很不錯(cuò)。

四、通過改寫擴(kuò)寫，訓(xùn)練學(xué)生創(chuàng)新思維。《七年級(jí)語文（上）》第六單元所選的課文體裁多樣，有童話、神話、寓言和詩歌。童話、神話和寓言一般稱作想像和幻想類作品，想像力豐富是它們的共同特點(diǎn)；所選的詩歌是郭沫若的《天上的街市》和《靜夜》，也帶有濃厚的想像色彩。本單元就是在引導(dǎo)學(xué)生領(lǐng)略由“想像”創(chuàng)造出來的“別的世界”的魅力的同時(shí)，讓學(xué)生有初步的了解，培養(yǎng)他們的創(chuàng)新思維。《語文新課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》明確規(guī)定“能根據(jù)文章的內(nèi)在聯(lián)系和自己的合理想像，進(jìn)行擴(kuò)寫、續(xù)寫；能變換文章的文體或表達(dá)方式等，進(jìn)行改寫。”

我在教學(xué)時(shí)，認(rèn)真分析教材，抓住文本特點(diǎn)，及時(shí)利用續(xù)寫、改寫、擴(kuò)寫，訓(xùn)練學(xué)生的創(chuàng)新思維，培養(yǎng)學(xué)生豐富的想像能力。如童話《皇帝的新裝》中皇帝舉行游行大典回到宮中后會(huì)怎樣做？兩個(gè)騙子后來怎么樣了？大臣官員怎么樣了？說真話的小孩子又怎么樣了？……要求學(xué)生根據(jù)自己的想像，給課文編一個(gè)續(xù)集，題目自擬。上完寓言《蚊子和獅子》后，要學(xué)生給蚊子另設(shè)一個(gè)結(jié)局。如：可以設(shè)想蚊子就要被蜘蛛吃掉時(shí)，樹上突然掉下東西來砸壞了蛛網(wǎng)等。上完《智子疑鄰》后問學(xué)生：“鄰人之父知道自己成了懷疑對(duì)象，有怎樣的反應(yīng)？”等等。

五、鼓勵(lì)抒發(fā)真情，強(qiáng)調(diào)作文的個(gè)性化

《七年級(jí)語文（上）》第五單元有五篇文章，前兩篇描寫家庭矛盾，后兩篇描寫家庭親情，最后一篇文言文描寫家庭教育，總之這些文章大都是以描寫心靈感受為主，感情性特點(diǎn)較為明顯，所以要求學(xué)生加強(qiáng)體驗(yàn)，投入感情，學(xué)會(huì)感受，學(xué)會(huì)領(lǐng)悟。描寫家庭生活的文章易于引起學(xué)生的切身感受和深入思考，因此我在教學(xué)的過程中重點(diǎn)引發(fā)學(xué)生對(duì)文本作出個(gè)人的判斷，鼓勵(lì)他們發(fā)表自己的見解。說真話，抒真情，是學(xué)生個(gè)性化行為。要使學(xué)生的作文個(gè)性化，就必須細(xì)心觀察生活，用心感受生活，大膽抒發(fā)真情實(shí)感?！墩Z文新課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》明確規(guī)定“寫作要感情真摯，力求表達(dá)自己對(duì)自然、社會(huì)、人生的獨(dú)特感受和真切體驗(yàn)。”

第五單元“綜合性學(xué)習(xí)”的主題是“我愛我家”。我在教學(xué)時(shí)，事先要學(xué)生和家人對(duì)話，了解家庭的一些情況，鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生細(xì)心觀察家庭生活的細(xì)節(jié)，然后寫出自己的真實(shí)感受。上課時(shí)，有一個(gè)學(xué)生突然問我：“老師，可以不寫我愛我家嗎？”“你想寫什么？”我問他，“我不愛我家，我討厭我家”學(xué)生小聲的說，接著便低下了頭，有一點(diǎn)不好意思。我二話沒說便答應(yīng)了，后來，這個(gè)學(xué)生寫了一篇題為《爸爸，我恨你》的文章，很感人！最后講評(píng)作文時(shí)，我把這篇文章推薦給大家，學(xué)生聽得都很認(rèn)真，認(rèn)為他的文章確實(shí)寫得好，寫出了真情實(shí)感，催人淚下。我見時(shí)機(jī)已熟，便順?biāo)浦郏骸罢媲閷?shí)感是文章的生命，只有寫出了真情實(shí)感，才能寫出好文章。真情實(shí)感要求我們寫生活中真實(shí)的東西，自己親身經(jīng)歷的東西，善于觀察生活，用心感悟生活，大膽抒發(fā)自己的切身感受?！?/p>

真實(shí)的，有個(gè)性的，就是美的。因此，作為教師，不應(yīng)給學(xué)生過多的限制，應(yīng)放開手腳，鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生抒發(fā)真情實(shí)感，強(qiáng)調(diào)作文的個(gè)性化。

當(dāng)然，如何適應(yīng)新課程寫作教學(xué)，還需教師在各自的崗位上，結(jié)合學(xué)生實(shí)際制定行之有效的方案。只要大家依據(jù)《語文課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》，遵循學(xué)生發(fā)展規(guī)律，學(xué)生喜歡作文，愛上作文，樂于寫作的目標(biāo)就會(huì)實(shí)現(xiàn)。

參考文獻(xiàn)：

[1]《七年級(jí)語文（上）教師教學(xué)用書》 課程教材研究所編著 人民教育出版社2001年7月第1版

[2]《七年級(jí)語文（上）中學(xué)教材全解》 總主編/薛金星 陜西人民教育出版社本 2004年7月第2版

[3]《語文（七年級(jí)）培訓(xùn)資料》 課程教材研究所編著 人民教育出版社（網(wǎng)址http://004km.cn）

[4]《素質(zhì)教育新教案〃語文〃七年級(jí)（上）》 北京全品教育研究所組編 西苑出版社 2004年7月第1版

[5]《義務(wù)教育課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)試驗(yàn)教科書〃語文〃七年級(jí)(上)》 課程教材研究所編著 人民教育出版社 2001年1月

[6]《九年義務(wù)教育〃語文新課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》 課程教材研究所編著 人民教育出版社 2001年1月

第四篇：何孟文——通訊稿的寫作注意事項(xiàng)

通訊稿的寫作

通訊稿是一種時(shí)效性很強(qiáng)的應(yīng)用文章，是對(duì)新近事件的真實(shí)報(bào)道。通訊稿的寫作要求簡短、精悍，同時(shí)還應(yīng)具備新聞文章的一般要求，即：真實(shí)（不能杜撰、不能揣測）、準(zhǔn)確（內(nèi)容準(zhǔn)確、信息對(duì)稱）、價(jià)值中立、時(shí)效性強(qiáng)（即時(shí)盡快發(fā)布）還有不要長篇大論。

因此，通訊稿寫作一般三至四段即可。對(duì)于內(nèi)容較多的活動(dòng)，可用中間兩段來進(jìn)行報(bào)道，而對(duì)于內(nèi)容較少的活動(dòng)，直接一段進(jìn)行了。通訊稿的開頭須涵蓋時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物、事件。對(duì)于人物的介紹，第一次出現(xiàn)時(shí)的機(jī)構(gòu)名稱及頭銜一定要寫詳、寫全；人物介紹的先后順序也一定要按重要程度前后排好。通訊稿的主題一般就為某次活動(dòng)的具體主題或口號(hào)。最普通的開頭模式有：

xxx（時(shí)間），浙江理工大學(xué)材料與紡織學(xué)院xx部門在xxx（地點(diǎn)）舉辦了一次主題為“xxx”的活動(dòng)。參加（出席）這次活動(dòng)的有···

中間段落是通訊稿的重點(diǎn)，是一篇通訊稿最重要信息的傳達(dá)陣地，內(nèi)容要求緊扣主題，文筆要求簡潔流暢。對(duì)于一般活動(dòng)的寫作方式，直接用“記敘型”就行，即以些記敘文的方式，對(duì)整個(gè)事件進(jìn)行報(bào)道；對(duì)于一些比較大型的活動(dòng)，比如說全校型的（像運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)、校園歌手大賽等），一般要用“概述穿插型”，即先對(duì)整個(gè)事件的內(nèi)容進(jìn)行概述，然后不失時(shí)宜的對(duì)其中重要的細(xì)節(jié)進(jìn)行具體的報(bào)道。在報(bào)道的過程中，要注意立場客觀、價(jià)值中立。但有時(shí)候在報(bào)道的過程中，很可能遇到一些自己喜歡的事情或人物，比如說校園歌手大賽，自己特別喜歡其中的一位選手，就算這樣，在通訊稿的寫作中也不能很明顯的流露出來。

現(xiàn)在就拿校園歌手大賽來舉個(gè)例子，因?yàn)樽约禾貏e喜歡其中的一位選手，在進(jìn)行報(bào)道的時(shí)候，凡是有這位選手出現(xiàn)的地方都飾以華麗的辭藻，或者直接把通訊稿變成了某某選手的特寫報(bào)道，這樣過分的流露通訊者的個(gè)人情感，是不行的。但是可以用“某某的出現(xiàn)引起了現(xiàn)場觀眾的一片喝彩”，或“某某贏得了觀眾及評(píng)委的一致好評(píng)”這樣的字眼來適當(dāng)?shù)谋磉_(dá)自己的喜愛。

在進(jìn)行新聞文章的寫作時(shí)，始終要記住，最重要的是把一個(gè)事件清楚、真實(shí)地表達(dá)出來，不能以點(diǎn)帶面，也不能以偏概全，至于喜惡的判斷，由讀者自己來決定。

通訊稿的結(jié)尾可以進(jìn)行評(píng)論，也可以不評(píng)論。不發(fā)表評(píng)論的結(jié)尾，就以對(duì)活動(dòng)結(jié)尾的描寫作為通訊稿的結(jié)尾；發(fā)表評(píng)論的結(jié)尾，即對(duì)所報(bào)道的事件發(fā)表個(gè)人評(píng)論，并把它作為通訊稿的結(jié)尾。評(píng)論式的結(jié)尾一定要注意價(jià)值的中立及評(píng)論的適中，不要過于偏激。而且，就算有評(píng)論，也不要出現(xiàn)“我認(rèn)為”“我覺得”等這樣的字眼，應(yīng)盡量全部使用第三人稱。

最后，還想說說，要想寫出一篇比較好的通訊稿，對(duì)所報(bào)道的活動(dòng)的信息掌握的全面性及準(zhǔn)確性是至關(guān)重要的。如果有條件的話，在活動(dòng)之前就應(yīng)弄清楚活動(dòng)的具體流程，在活動(dòng)結(jié)束后，應(yīng)能對(duì)活動(dòng)的大致內(nèi)容有個(gè)大概的印象，對(duì)于活動(dòng)的一些具體的細(xì)節(jié)，則應(yīng)在活動(dòng)進(jìn)行時(shí)就進(jìn)行詳細(xì)的記錄。還有一些寫作技巧的問題，文辭不要過分追求華美，當(dāng)然也不能口語化。要用書面的語言，把一件事情清楚明白并簡潔的表達(dá)出來，讓讀者輕易的明白通訊者所要傳達(dá)的信息，這樣就可以了。寫作完成后，在投稿時(shí)，要記得署上名字，這即是對(duì)本篇文章的負(fù)責(zé)，又是對(duì)讀者的尊敬。

第五篇：備考2015寫作補(bǔ)充講義-何敬

志存高遠(yuǎn)，自強(qiáng)不息

備考2015-----小作文補(bǔ)充講義

何敬

一．咨詢類信件

第一篇 A Letter of lnquiry

You are preparing for an English test and are in need of some reference books.Write a letter to the sales department of a bookstore to ask for：

1）detailed information about the books you want，2）methods of payment，3）time and way of delivery.Dear Sales Manager，I，the undersigned，am a senior in the Computer Science Department of Tsinghua University.As I am planning to take the National Entrance Test of English for MA/MS Candidates(NETEM), I have decided to place an order of some NETEM books with due consideration of the good reputation of your bookstore and the high quality of your books.Firstly, please give me particular accounts as regards names, authors, publishing houses and prices of these books.Secondly, I also need to know the terms of payment and after-sell service.Thirdly, I wonder if it is convenient for you to deliver these books by EMS to me by September 1, 2012.I have arranged to pay for the service.I would like to express my gratitude for your kind consideration of my requests.I look forward to hearing from you soon.Sincerely Yours

Li Ming 第二篇

A Letter of Study Application

You will graduate from university and intend to continue your further study overseas.Write a letter to a graduate school to

1）express your wish to get a place in the graduate school，and

2）ask for relevant documents.Dear Sir/Madam，I，the undersigned，am a senior in the Department of Mechanics at Tsinghua University.As an undergraduate, I major in fluid dynamics.At present，I would like to apply for a place at your graduate school for studies in fluid dynamics leading to the degree of Master of Science.By the way，could you send me more information on my major and an application form for admission.I would also like to apply for scholarship.Could you please send me this application form as well.Your assistance will be highly appreciated.I am looking forward to hearing from you soon.Sincerely Yours，Li Ming 二． 建議類信件A Letter of Suggestion 1.Write a letter to your university library, making suggestions for improving its service.Dear Sir or Madam, As a regular library user, I would like to express my sincere gratitude to you for the help you render me.I am writing the letter in purpose of offering some conductive recommendations to

志存高遠(yuǎn)，自強(qiáng)不息

upgrade the quality of your service.Firstly, a great many students express their frustration with our library in that there are usually long lines waiting for assistance.Secondly, since computers are used by all major libraries to streamline cataloguing, we should have access to the Internet via computers.Lastly, I shall be much obliged to you if you could kindly replace all the outdated facilities and provide more convenience to readers.I hope you will find the proposals practical.Your prompt attention to my suggestion would be highly appreciated.Yours Sincerely，Li Ming 2.A Letter of Appeal

Over the past years，we have witnessed destructions of various kinds caused by human actions.As a university student，write a letter to our society to

1）enumerate present severe condition，2）state the necessity of social concern，and 3）suggest the counter-measures.To everyone on our planet，Over the past years，floods，droughts，landslides，and dust-storms have frequented our planet，the only habitat of human beings.Several days ago，tsunami（海嘯）has swept the Southeast Asia，which has caused enormous damage.All these have sounded an alarm to human beings.The destruction which is caused by human beings has aroused people?s concern all over the world.If we pay no heed to the present destructive human activities，our planet will become of tomb instead of cozy home.What?s more，we should realize that only from our planet can we obtain our sheltering，food，cloth and so forth.Counter-measures must be taken to curb the destruction caused by human beings.Most importantly，laws must be established to punish those who are involved in destructive conducts.Sincerely Yours，Li Ming 三．投訴類信件

1.A Letter of Complaints You are preparing for an English test and have ordered a reference book from a bookstore.After you read the book，you found that it is a pirated one（盜版書）。Write a letter to the sales department of the bookstore to

1）state your case，2）depict the negative effect，and

3）ask for compensation.You should write about 100 words on ANSER SHEET 2.Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter.Use “Li Ming” instead.You do not need to write the address.（10 points）

參考范文

Dear Sales Manager，I，the undersigned，am a senior in the Computer Science Department of Tsinghua University.I ordered a book which is entitled Practical Writing and Reading for NETEM by Wang Li on December 20th, 2004.志存高遠(yuǎn)，自強(qiáng)不息

However after reading the book on January 10th，2005，I found that it is a pirated one so that I write to you for complaint.The book has brought me some negative effects.To begin with, much of my valuable time and energy have been wasted in reading the book since it is quite hard to identify many words in the book.What?s more, I have not benefited from reading the book since some of keys to the exercises are misprinted.I would like to be informed whether you can refund me the money or change another book for me.I am looking forward to your early reply.Sincerely Yours

Li Ming

2.投訴信之回復(fù)信

Suppose you are in charge of a library in a city.You received a few letter complaining the crowded condition of your library.Write a letter to one of the complainers: 1)acknowledge the complaints 2)suggest alternatives to avoid the crowdedness 3)express you appreciation Dear Sir，You have expressed your frustration and irritation with the city library over the past one year.There are usually long lines waiting for assistance and for use of the computer card catalogue.To avoid crowded conditions, we propose that you use the library during off-peak hours.You should have no trouble getting help and using the card catalogue during the following periods: 11:30 am to 2:30 pm;5:30 pm to 7:30 pm.The rest are our busiest times.We always appreciate hearing your comments on the library.Please let us know how you think this is working out.Yours faithfully，Li Ming

四．感謝信 A Letter of Thanks

You have been ill and hospitalized for two weeks.Your teachers and classmates went to see you.Write a letter to them to

1）thank them for their coming to see you，2）describe your feeling，and

3）state your present condition.Dear Teachers and Classmates，F(xiàn)irst of all, please allow me to say“Thank you”to all of you.It is very kind of you to spare your valuable time during the period of final examinations and come to see me.Your visit has given me much confidence and power to overcome the illness.When I first came to the hospital，I really felt lonely and did not have enough courage and confidence to overcome the illness.Your visit has made me feel that I am not poor and lonely in the world and in fact I am living in a world of love，which has brought me much confidence and power to overcome the illness.志存高遠(yuǎn)，自強(qiáng)不息

These days，my condition has been obviously improved due to the careful treatment offered by doctors and nurses.Doctors have told me that I will completely recover from illness in two weeks.I hope that I can see you earlier.Again，special thanks go to all of you.Sincerely Yours，Li Ming

五． 介紹類信件

1.求職信 A Letter of Job Application You will graduate from university and are hunting for a job.After reading a job ads, write a letter to the Personnel Resources Department to

1）state your reason to write the application，2）describe your relevant education background，3）introduce your English level and

4）state your way of contact.Dear Sir/Madam，I am responding to your ad in the June 20th，2005，issue of the Sunday Talent Journal for the position of production coordinator.I feel that my background in electronics and manufacturing will fit in well.I will graduate from the Beijing Science & Technology University in June with a Bachelor of Science degree in Manufacturing Engineering.I have had extensive training on computers while at school.In my Production and Inventory class, I have learned about computerized production and material scheduling in a job shop environment.I passed CET-6 in 2004.Not only do I pay much attention to improving my reading and listening skills, but I also keep practicing oral English.I am looking forward to hearing from you.Would you please call me to set an interview？ I can be reached at my resume address or by phoning（010）2357-7980 after 4 p.m.Sincerely Yours，Li Ming 2.推薦信

Write a letter to your friend to recommend one of your favorite movies and give reasons for your recommendation.Dear Mary，As one of your closest friends, I am writing the letter in purpose of recommending one of my favorite moves to you----Aound the Wrld in Eighty Days.The primary factors for my recommendation are as follows.For one thing, this is a movie of science fiction which tells us an exciting story about an English gentleman, Mr.Fogg, who makes a bet with his clubmates and managers to travel around the world in eighty days.For another, it gives us a vivid description of the many difficulties and incidents which happen on his journey.Wish you enjoy the movie.Looking forward to your reply.Yours sincerely，Ling Ming 六． 請(qǐng)求信A Letter of Asking for Help

志存高遠(yuǎn)，自強(qiáng)不息

You are writing your graduation thesis and are in need of some reference materials.Write a letter to Prof.Smith in Oxford

1）to state the reference materials you want and

2）to stress the importance of the material to you.Dear Prof.Smith，I，the undersigned，am a senior in the computer Science Department of Tsinghua University.At the moment，I am writing my graduation thesis and in urgent need of some reference materials so that I write to you for help.The information on the application of computer among university students in North America is the material that I need.Most importantly，the relevant statistics and reports should cover the past two decades.And all the materials must be publications of national level.Last but not least important，I would like to highlight the importance of the material to me.The material which I ask you for help will to a great extent decide the failure or success of my graduation thesis since the title of my thesis is the application of computers on campus both at home and abroad over the past two decades.I have failed to find relevant up-to-date and detailed materials in China.Your help would be much appreciated and I am looking forward to your reply.Sincerely Yours，Li Ming 七．道歉信 A Letter of Apology You have made an appointment with your teacher，but failed to keep it.Write a letter to your teacher to

1）apologize for your failure to keep the appointment，2）explain your reason to your teacher，and

3）express your wish to make another appointment.Dear Prof.Wang，F(xiàn)irst of all，please allow me to express my deep sorry for not being able to keep our appointment.I do know that this is very impolite and must have caused you much trouble.I do reckon that at present any explanation is pale and futile.However I do not want you to misunderstand me.On my way to your office, an old lady suddenly fainted due to heart attack on the bus.I stopped a taxi and sent her into a nearby hospital.I stayed there until her son came , which spoiled our appointment.I am aware that our appointment is of importance.I do hope that you would be kind enough to spare your valuable to meet me.I am looking forward to hearing from you.Sincerely Yours，Li Ming 八．邀請(qǐng)信

1.A Letter of Invitation

The Spring Festival is coming shortly.You intend to invite your foreign friend to come to China and spend the traditional Chinese Festival together.Write a letter to him/her to

1）express your warm invitation to him/her，志存高遠(yuǎn)，自強(qiáng)不息

2）introduce the Spring Festival，and

3）mention the places you will accompany him/her to visit.Dear Beckham，F(xiàn)irst of all，please allow me to express my heartfelt invitation to you.Since the Spring Festival is coming shortly，I sincerely invite you to come to China and spend the holiday with me.Spring Festival is of much importance to Chinese people.It has a long history and Chinese have attached much importance to the holiday.To be exact，the Spring Festival has been the most significant holiday.The Spring Festival is to Chinese what Christmas is to the Westerners.If you come, I am going to accompany you to fairgrounds, where you can have a close look at some of the Chinese traditions.I am looking forward to your reply.Sincerely Yours，Li Ming

2.謝絕信

Dear LiMing, I am so happy to learn that you are going to held a birthday party next Sunday.I?m sure that it will be wonderful.Thank you very much for your invitation to the activity.But, unfortunately, I?m sorry to say that I couldn?t attend the birthday party.Because I was told that I would have an important interview/meeting on the same day for the job I applied for.What a great pity it is!In the next day or so you will receive a little package from me.I hope you like it, and that it will help to pass the time more pleasantly.Again, I would like to thank you for your invitation in this matter.Have a good time.Sincerely Yours，Wang Li 九．祝賀信 A Letter of Congratulation

One of your middle school classmates failed in CET 4 several times，but recently he has passed the exam.Write a letter to him to

1）congratulate him on his success and

2）express your wish to exchange views on language learning.Dear Huang Wei，F(xiàn)irst of all，please allow me to express my sincere congratulation on your passing CET 4.The success is of great importance to you since without the Certificate you can not get degree when you graduate from university.Of course，the success can be attributed to your painstaking efforts and your spirit “Never say die”.I would like to continue our exchanges on English learning.Because of China?s entry to WTO and Opening-up and Reform English will become more and more important to Chinese，especially to our modern university students.I dream of being able to communicate effectively with foreigners one day in the future.Good Luck to you！

Sincerely Yours，Li Ming

志存高遠(yuǎn)，自強(qiáng)不息

十． 辭職信：(letter of resignation)Dear Mr.Wang，I am writing to inform you about my decision to resign from my current position.The primary reasons are as follows.First, after two months, I do feel that it is not easy for me to get used to the extra work and night shifts.Second, the salary has proven tobe much lower than you originally promised, and I have a large family to support.Last, what I have learned in the university cannot meet the requirement of being an editor.I feel terribly sorry for the inconvenience I have caused.I sincerely hope that you approve of my resignation.Sincerely Yours，Li Ming 十一.慰問信：A Letter of Consolation One of your university classmates is seriously ill and hospitalized.Write a letter of consolation to

1）express your sorry to hear his/her bad news，2）encourage him/her to overcome the illness，and

3）offer your help.Dear Zhang Hong，I am terribly sorry to hear that you are suddenly ill and hospitalized.I do feel much worried when I get to know that you received an operation last week.I do hope that you have the strong confidence to overcome the illness since in my mind you are always a girl of conviction.With the advanced medical facilities and experienced doctors in No.3 People?s Liberation Army Hospital，you will shortly recover.Anyway，your state of mind and co-operation are of much importance.From now on，I will send you short messages via mobile phone every day to give you spiritual support.I do hope that you will recover and come back soon.(或In the next day or so you will receive a little package from me.I hope you like it, and that it will help to pass the time more pleasantly.)

Sincerely Yours，Li Ming

十二：通知

The Students? Union of your department is planning a Chinese Speaking Contest.Write an announcement which covers the folling information: 1.the purpose of the contest 2.time and place of the contest 3.details of the judges and awards

Chinese Speaking Contest

January 20, 2013

To improve students? ability to speak Chinese and enrich after-class activities, the Students? Union of Department of Chinese Language and Literature is organizing a school-wide Chinese speaking contest on Saturday next week(27 January)at the students?Auditorium.Those who are interested in taking part in it may sign up with the monitor of their classes before Tuesday next

志存高遠(yuǎn)，自強(qiáng)不息

week.Five professors will be invited to be judges.The first six winners will be given awards.Everybody is welcome to be present at the contest.The Students? Union

Department of Chinese Language and Literature