第一篇：法律常見(jiàn)翻譯

法律常見(jiàn)詞匯——be liable for;be liable to 轉(zhuǎn)載▼

法律常見(jiàn)詞匯——be liable for;be liable to be liable for;be liable to 釋義: 對(duì)……應(yīng)負(fù)有責(zé)任, be responsible in accordance with law 用法: be liable for sth.;be liable to sb.例1 Should the carrying vessel has arrived at the port of shipment as advised and the Seller fails to have the quantity of the goods ready for loading in time as specified, the Seller shall be liable for any dead freight or demurrage.注釋:（1）the carrying vessel：買(mǎi)方船只，即承運(yùn)船只

（2）fails to have the quantity of the goods ready for loading in time as specified：不能按規(guī)定的時(shí)間備妥貨物以待裝船

（3）the Seller shall be liable for any dead freight or demurrage：則（由此而產(chǎn)生的）空艙費(fèi)及滯期費(fèi)應(yīng)由賣(mài)方負(fù)擔(dān) dead freight：空艙費(fèi)；demurrage：滯期費(fèi)

參考譯文：

如果買(mǎi)方船只按照到達(dá)裝運(yùn)港，而賣(mài)方不能按規(guī)定的時(shí)間備妥貨物以待裝船，則由此而產(chǎn)生的空艙費(fèi)及滯期費(fèi)應(yīng)由賣(mài)方負(fù)擔(dān)。

例2 Party A shall not, under this guarantee, be liable for any direct or indirect loss whatsoever arising out of any defect in the parts or components thereof.注釋?zhuān)?/p>

（1）under this guarantee：根據(jù)本擔(dān)保

（2）be liable for any direct or indirect loss：承擔(dān)任何直接或間接損失的賠償責(zé)任 參考譯文：

根據(jù)本擔(dān)保，甲方不應(yīng)承擔(dān)因零部件缺陷而引起的任何直接或間接損失的賠償責(zé)任。例3 A company may invest in other limited liability companies or companies limited by shares and be liable to the companies which it has invested in to the extent of the amount of capital invested in such companies.注釋?zhuān)?/p>

（1）invest in other limited liability companies or companies limited by shares：向其他有限責(zé)任公司、股份有限公司投資

（2）to the extent of the amount of capital invested in such companies：以該出資額為限 參考譯文：

公司可以向其他有限責(zé)任公司、股份有限公司投資，并以該出資額為限對(duì)所投資公司承擔(dān)責(zé)任。

例4 If the share prospectus, measures for offer of corporate bonds, financial or accounting report, listing report document, annual report, interim report or ad hoc report announced by an issuer or securities underwriting company contain or contains any falsehood, misleading statement or major omission, thus causing losses to investors in the course of securities trading, the issuer or the company shall be liable for the losses and the responsible director(s), supervisor(s)and /or the manager of the issuer or the company shall be jointly and severally liable for such losses.注釋?zhuān)?/p>

（1）share prospectus：招股說(shuō)明書(shū)

（2）measures for offer of corporate bonds：公司債券募集辦法（3）financial or accounting report：財(cái)務(wù)會(huì)計(jì)報(bào)告（4）listing report document：上市報(bào)告文件（5）annual report：年度報(bào)告

（6）interim report：臨時(shí)報(bào)告，亦稱(chēng)中期報(bào)告（7）ad hoc report：臨時(shí)報(bào)告

（8）an issuer or securities underwriting company：發(fā)行人、承銷(xiāo)的證券公司

（9）shall be jointly and severally liable for such losses：應(yīng)當(dāng)承擔(dān)各自的連帶賠償責(zé)任 參考譯文：

發(fā)行人、承銷(xiāo)的證券公司公告招股說(shuō)明書(shū)、公司債券募集辦法、財(cái)務(wù)會(huì)計(jì)報(bào)告、上市報(bào)告文件、年度報(bào)告、中期報(bào)告、臨時(shí)報(bào)告，存在虛假記載、誤導(dǎo)性陳述或者有重大遺漏，致使投資者在證券交易中遭受損失的，發(fā)行人、隨銷(xiāo)的證券公司應(yīng)當(dāng)承擔(dān)賠償責(zé)任，發(fā)行人、承銷(xiāo)的證券公司負(fù)有責(zé)任的董事、監(jiān)事、經(jīng)理應(yīng)當(dāng)承擔(dān)各自的連帶賠償責(zé)任。

例5 After arrival at the destination port of Party A, the machinery shall be assembled by Party A itself.When Party A believes it is necessary to get the technical assistance from Party B, Party B shall send its technicians to provide technical guidance on the site and other required technical assistance during the assembling of key parts of the machinery.Party B shall be liable for the losses incurred in the course of assembling due to the technical default.注釋?zhuān)?/p>

（1）the destination port of Party A：甲方口岸（目的港）

（2）the machinery shall be assembled by Party A itself：設(shè)備由甲方自行安裝（3）the technical assistance from Party B：乙方的技術(shù)服務(wù)（4）to provide technical guidance on the site：進(jìn)行現(xiàn)場(chǎng)指導(dǎo)

（5）during the assembling of key parts of the machinery：在主要設(shè)備安裝過(guò)程中

（6）Party B shall be liable for the losses incurred in the course of assembling due to the technical default：在安裝過(guò)程中由于技術(shù)上的問(wèn)題所造成的損失由乙方負(fù)責(zé)

參考譯文：

設(shè)備到達(dá)甲方口岸后，由甲方自行安裝。但在主要設(shè)備安裝過(guò)程中，甲方認(rèn)為需要時(shí)，乙方必須派出技術(shù)人員進(jìn)行現(xiàn)場(chǎng)指導(dǎo)，提供必要的技術(shù)服務(wù)；在此過(guò)程中由于技術(shù)上的問(wèn)題所造成的損失由乙方負(fù)責(zé)。

例6 If, in accordance with the Contract, Party B fails to make purchase of the products of compensation trade and Party A fails to deliver the products in question, either Party shall, in accordance with the provisions of the Contract, be liable for a breach of Contract, and shall indemnify for all the economic losses.注釋?zhuān)?/p>

（1）Party B fails to make purchase of the products of compensation trade：乙方未能按合同規(guī)定購(gòu)買(mǎi)補(bǔ)償貿(mào)易商品

（2）Party A fails to deliver the products in question：甲方未能按合同提供商品時(shí)（3）be liable for a breach of Contract：承擔(dān)違約責(zé)任

（4）indemnify for all the economic losses：賠償由此造成的經(jīng)濟(jì)損失

參考譯文：

如乙方未能按合同規(guī)定購(gòu)買(mǎi)補(bǔ)償貿(mào)易商品或甲方未能按合同提供商品時(shí)，均應(yīng)按合同條款承擔(dān)違約責(zé)任，賠償由此造成的經(jīng)濟(jì)損失。

例7 The Contractor shall, under the provisions of Clause 82 on the obligations of the Contractor, be liable for any loss or damage to the Works during the execution and operation of the Works.注釋?zhuān)海?）under the provisions of Clause 82 on the obligations of the Contractor：按照第82條對(duì)承包人責(zé)任的規(guī)定

（2）any loss or damage to the Works：對(duì)工程的任何損失或損壞

（3）during the execution and operation of the Works：在施工及作業(yè)過(guò)程中

參考譯文：

按照第82條對(duì)承包人責(zé)任的規(guī)定，承包人亦應(yīng)對(duì)其在施工及作業(yè)過(guò)程中造成的對(duì)工程的任何損失或損壞承擔(dān)責(zé)任。

例8 Unless such defect, shrinkage or other fault is the one for which the Contractor is liable under the Contract, the Engineer shall, after due consultation with the Employer and the Contractor, determine the amount in respect of the costs of such search incurred by the Contractor.The amount in question shall be added to the Contract Price and the Engineer shall notify the Contractor accordingly, with a copy to the Employer.注釋?zhuān)?/p>

（1）such defect, shrinkage or other fault：缺陷、收縮或其它不合格之處

（2）for which the Contractor is liable under the Contract：按合同規(guī)定，……屬承包商的責(zé)任（3）after due consultation with the Employer and the Contractor：與業(yè)主和承包人充分協(xié)商之后

（4）determine the amount in respect of the costs of such search incurred by the Contractor：確定承包人由于上述調(diào)查所支出的費(fèi)用總額

（5）the amount in question shall be added to the Contract Price：應(yīng)將其增加到合同總價(jià)中（6）the Engineer shall notify the Contractor accordingly, with a copy to the Employer：工程師應(yīng)相應(yīng)通知承包人，并將一份副本呈交業(yè)主

參考譯文：

除非按合同規(guī)定，上述缺陷、收縮或其它不合格之處應(yīng)屬承包商的責(zé)任，否則工程師應(yīng)在與業(yè)主和承包人充分協(xié)商之后，確定承包人由于上述調(diào)查所支出的費(fèi)用總額，并應(yīng)將其增加到合同總價(jià)中，工程師應(yīng)相應(yīng)通知承包人，并將一份副本呈交業(yè)主。

例9 If such defect, shrinkage or other fault is the one for which the Contractor is liable, the cost of the Work carried out in searching as aforesaid shall be borne by the Contractor.Provided that, in such case, the Contractor shall, in accordance with the provisions of Clause 82, remedy such defect, shrinkage or other fault at his own cost.注釋?zhuān)?/p>

（1）for which the Contractor is liable：……是承包人的責(zé)任

（2）remedy such defect, shrinkage or other fault at his own cost：自費(fèi)修補(bǔ)上述缺陷、收縮或其它不合格之處

參考譯文： 如上述缺陷、收縮或其它不合格之處是承包人的責(zé)任，則上述有關(guān)調(diào)查工作的費(fèi)用應(yīng)由承包人承擔(dān)。在此種情況下，承包人應(yīng)按第82條規(guī)定自費(fèi)修補(bǔ)上述缺陷、收縮或其它不合格之處。

例10 The Employer shall not be liable to the Contractor for the matter or thing arising out of or in connection with the Contract or execution of the Works, unless the Contractor has included a claim in respect thereof in his Final Statement and in the statement at completion referred to in Sub-Clause 92.5.注釋?zhuān)?/p>

（1）the Employer shall not be liable to the Contractor for…：業(yè)主不應(yīng)對(duì)承包人（就……）負(fù)有責(zé)任（2）unless the Contractor has included a claim in respect thereof in his Final Statement and in the statement at completion referred to in Sub-Clause 92.5：除非承包人在其最終報(bào)表中以及在第92.5款提及的竣工報(bào)表中已經(jīng)包括索賠事宜

參考譯文：

除非承包人在其最終報(bào)表中以及在第92.5款提及的竣工報(bào)表中已經(jīng)包括索賠事宜，對(duì)由合同及工程實(shí)施引起的或與之有關(guān)的任何問(wèn)題和事件，業(yè)主不應(yīng)對(duì)承包人負(fù)有責(zé)任。

第二篇：常見(jiàn)文言文字詞翻譯

常見(jiàn)文言文字詞翻譯

汝——你

予 ——我；給

夫——那；句首發(fā)語(yǔ)詞；丈夫；成年男子的通稱(chēng)，人

奉——通“俸”侍奉；接受、奉行；供養(yǎng)

妻子——妻子和孩子

曰——說(shuō)

睡——坐寐，即坐著打瞌睡

股——大腿

謗——指公開(kāi)批評(píng)錯(cuò)誤

愛(ài)——古代有兩個(gè)常用義項(xiàng)，一是親愛(ài)義，古今相同;一是吝惜義，今已消失 謫——貶官

謝——感謝；道歉

雖——雖然；即使

慍——怨恨

遂——于是就

故——特意；緣故

旦——早晨

儼然——整齊的樣子

乳——喂奶

絕境——與世隔絕的地方

交通——交錯(cuò)相通

鮮美——鮮嫩美麗

持——憑借，依靠

良——真、實(shí)在蕃——多

辭——推辭；語(yǔ)言

策——馬鞭；鞭打、驅(qū)使；記錄；計(jì)謀

鵠——天鵝

安——怎么；養(yǎng)

卑——低下；身份低微

進(jìn)——在朝廷上做官

退——不在朝廷上做官

去——放棄；距離；離開(kāi)

方——面積

以——所以；認(rèn)為；因?yàn)?/p>

暝——昏暗

居——停留

第三篇：常見(jiàn)作文短語(yǔ)翻譯

作文短語(yǔ)庫(kù)

16.警示 set the alarm bell ringing/ warn sb of

17.危害 do/cause damage to /endanger wildlife/destroy the balance of ecology

18.結(jié)束put an end to sth/ end/ stop/ get rid of sth

19.道德 It’s a traditional virtue/ It’s im(moral)to do sth

20.關(guān)愛(ài), 照顧care for/ attend to/take care of

22.彷徨 feel at loss/at sea/ be caught /be stuck/trapped in a dilemma/stand at a crossroads

23.技能 acquire skills/ polish up writing skills/ develop problem-solving skills/develop a high

level of competence in communication skills

24.施壓put pressure on.減壓reduce /relieve one’s pressure

26.工作、就業(yè) create a new job/ provide job training/ ensure better working conditions

27.回報(bào) bring rewards to sb/ reward /repay sb for sth/ pay sb back/ a rewarding job/ It’s

worthwhile to do

28.習(xí)慣 form/develop the habit of /fall into/pick up/slide into the habit of gambling

29.沉溺 be addicted to/be absorbed in / be hooked on/ be buried in /

30.樂(lè)觀、悲觀 be positive/optimistic about;be pessimistic about life/ feel depressed

31.有益于 be beneficial to / to one’s advantage/

32優(yōu)于 be superior to/ have an edge over

33.權(quán)衡 seek a balance A between B, weigh the advantages and disadvantages

34.危險(xiǎn) be at risk/ be endangered/

35.掌握 have a better understanding of / have a thorough understanding of /grasp sth

36.利用 make better/full use of / make the most of /take advantage of

37.思考/考慮 reflect on/ give thought to /rethink sth / think sth over/ take sth into consideration

38.使….產(chǎn)生 bring about/ give rise to/ contribute to/ lead to/result in

39.為了 for the sake of /for the benefit of / in the interest of sb/sth

40.堅(jiān)持 stick to points/ hold on /fast to the dream/

41.追求 seek after/ long for sth / pursuit dreams

42.牢記 bear/keep sth in mind

43展現(xiàn),發(fā)揮 bring out one’s character/ display one’s potential

44熱情/喜愛(ài) be enthusiastic about/ be keen on / have a passion for/be fond of43 執(zhí)行 carry out / put sth into practice /

44.完成,實(shí)現(xiàn) achieve success/ realize goals/ fulfill dreams

生效(law)come into effect/take effect/

46確保guarantee sb sth/ensure a secure job

47應(yīng)付,處理 wrestle with/deal with/cope with /see to

attend/ address/solve/handle the problem

48.旨在,意在 be intended to do /be meant to do / be aimed at doing/

49.鑒于 in view of / in the light of / considering that

50.盡管 In spite of.despite the fact that …

第四篇：常用常見(jiàn)職稱(chēng)翻譯匯總

1.研究系統(tǒng)職稱(chēng)翻譯

研究員[正高]

professor , professor +學(xué)科

副研究員[副高]

associate professor;associate professor of 學(xué)科

助理研究員[中]

research associate

研究實(shí)習(xí)員[初]

research assistant

2.大學(xué)教師系列職稱(chēng)翻譯

教授[正高]

professor

副教授[副高]

associate professor;associate professor of 學(xué)科

講師[中]

lecturer

助教[初]

assistant

3.中等專(zhuān)業(yè)學(xué)校、技工學(xué)校教師系統(tǒng)職稱(chēng)翻譯

高級(jí)講師[副高]

senior lecturer

講師[中]

lecturer

助理講師[初]

assistant lecturer

教員[初]

teacher

高級(jí)實(shí)習(xí)指導(dǎo)教師[副高]senior instructor

一級(jí)實(shí)習(xí)指導(dǎo)教師[中]first-grade instructor

二級(jí)實(shí)習(xí)指導(dǎo)教師[初]second-grade instructor

三級(jí)實(shí)習(xí)指導(dǎo)教師[初]third-grade instructor

4.中學(xué)教師系列職稱(chēng)翻譯

中學(xué)高級(jí)教師[副高] 可譯為 senior teacher(secondary school)

中學(xué)一級(jí)教師[中]first-grade teacher(secondary school)

中學(xué)二級(jí)教師[初]second-grade teacher(secondary school)

中學(xué)三級(jí)教師[初]third-grade teacher(secondary school)

5.小學(xué)教師系列職稱(chēng)翻譯

小學(xué)高級(jí)教師[中] senior teacher(primary school)

小學(xué)一級(jí)教師[初]first-grade teacher(primary school)

小學(xué)二級(jí)教師[初] second-grade teacher(primary school)

小學(xué)三級(jí)教師[初]third-grade teacher(primary school)

6.工程技術(shù)系列職稱(chēng)翻譯

教授級(jí)高級(jí)工程師[正高]professor of engineering

高級(jí)工程師[副高]senior engineering或associate professor of engineering

工程師[中]engineer

助理工程師[初]assistant engineer

技術(shù)員[初]technician 7.實(shí)驗(yàn)系列職稱(chēng)翻譯

高級(jí)實(shí)驗(yàn)師[高] senior lab master

實(shí)驗(yàn)師[中]lab master

助理實(shí)驗(yàn)師[初]assistant lab master

實(shí)驗(yàn)員[初]laboratory technician

8.農(nóng)業(yè)技術(shù)系列職稱(chēng)翻譯

高級(jí)農(nóng)藝師[高]senior agronomist

農(nóng)藝師[中]agronomist

助理農(nóng)藝師[初]assistant agronomist

農(nóng)業(yè)技術(shù)員[初]agricultural technician

9.圖書(shū)資料系列職稱(chēng)翻譯

研究館員[正高]professor of library science

副研究館員[副高] associate professor of library science

館員[中]librarian

助理館員[初]library assistant

管理員[初]clerk

10.檔案系列職稱(chēng)翻譯

研究館員[正高]professor of archives science

副研究館員[副高]associate professor of archives science

館員[中]archivist

助理館員[初]assistant archivist

管理員[初]file clerk

11.文物博物系列職稱(chēng)翻譯

研究館員[正高]professor of relics and museology

副研究館員[副高]associate professor of relics and museology

館員[中] museologist

助理館員[初] assistant museologist

文博管理員[初]conservator

12.衛(wèi)生技術(shù)系列職稱(chēng)翻譯

主任醫(yī)師[正高] professor of medicine, professor of medical science

兒科主任醫(yī)師 professor of paediatrics

皮膚科主任醫(yī)師 professor of dermatology

副主任醫(yī)師[副高]associate professor of treatment,associate professor of +學(xué)科

主治醫(yī)師[中] doctor-in-charge

外科主治醫(yī)師surgeon-in-charge

眼科主治醫(yī)師 oculist-in-charge

兒科主治醫(yī)師 pediatrician-in-charge

內(nèi)科主治醫(yī)師 physician-in-charge

婦科主治醫(yī)師 gyneco-logist-in-charge

皮膚科主治醫(yī)師 dermatol-ogist-in-charge

牙科主治醫(yī)師 dentist-in-charge

醫(yī)師[初]doctor,或 doctor+科別

醫(yī)士[初]assistant doctor

主任藥師[正高]professor of pharmacy

副主任藥師[副高]associate professor of pharmacy

主管藥師[中]pharmacist-in-charge

藥師[初]pharmacist

藥士[初]assistant pharmacist

主任護(hù)師[正高]professor of nursing

副主任護(hù)師[副高]associate professor of nursing

主管護(hù)師[中]nurse-in-charge

護(hù)師[初]nurse practitioner

護(hù)士[初]nurse或 nurse's aide

主任技師[正高]full senior technologist

副主任技師[副高]associate senior technologist

主管技師[中]technologist-in-charge

技師[初]technologist

技士[初]technician

13.新聞系列職稱(chēng)翻譯

高級(jí)編輯[正高] full senior editor

主任編輯[副高]associate senior editor

編輯[中]editor

助理編輯[初]assistant editor

高級(jí)記者[正高]full senior reporter

主任記者[副高]associate senior reporter

記者[中]reporter

助理記者[初]assistant reporter

14.出版系列職稱(chēng)翻譯

編審[正高]full senior editor

副編審[副高]associate senior editor

編輯[中]editor

助理編輯[初]assistant editor

技術(shù)編輯[中]technical editor

助理技術(shù)編輯[初]assistant technical editor

技術(shù)設(shè)計(jì)員[初]technical designer

一級(jí)校對(duì)[中]first-grade proofreader

二級(jí)校對(duì)[初]second-grade proofreader

三級(jí)校對(duì)[初]third-grade proofreader

15.翻譯系列職稱(chēng)翻譯

譯審[正高]full senior translator

副譯審[副高]associate senior translator

翻譯[中]translator

助理翻譯[初]assistant translator

16.廣播電視播音系列職稱(chēng)翻譯

播音指導(dǎo)[正高]director of announcing

主任播音員[副高]chief announcer

一級(jí)播音員[中]first-grade announcer

二級(jí)播音員[初]second-grade announcer

三級(jí)播音員[初]third-grade announcer

17.經(jīng)濟(jì)系列職稱(chēng)翻譯

高級(jí)經(jīng)濟(jì)師[高] senior economist

經(jīng)濟(jì)師[中]economist

助理經(jīng)濟(jì)師[初] assistant economist

經(jīng)濟(jì)員[初]economic clerk

18.會(huì)計(jì)系列職稱(chēng)翻譯

高級(jí)會(huì)計(jì)師[高]senior accountant

會(huì)計(jì)師[中]accountant

助理會(huì)計(jì)師[初]assistant accountant

會(huì)計(jì)員[初]treasurer

19.統(tǒng)計(jì)系列職稱(chēng)翻譯

高級(jí)統(tǒng)計(jì)師[高] senior statistician

統(tǒng)計(jì)師[中]statistician

助理統(tǒng)計(jì)師[初]assistant statistician

統(tǒng)計(jì)員[初]statistical clerk

20.律師系列職稱(chēng)翻譯

一級(jí)律師[正高]“律師”first-grade lawyer

二級(jí)律師[副高]second-grade lawyer

三級(jí)律師[中]third-grade lawyer

四級(jí)律師[初]fourth-grade lawyer

律師助理[初]lawyer's assistant 21.公證系列職稱(chēng)翻譯

一級(jí)公證員[正高] first-grade notary public

二級(jí)公證員[副高]second-grade notary public

三級(jí)公證員[中]third-grade notary public

四級(jí)公證員[初]fourth-grade notary public

公證員助理[初]notary's assistant

22.海關(guān)系列職稱(chēng)翻譯

高級(jí)關(guān)務(wù)監(jiān)督[高]senior customs supervisor

關(guān)務(wù)監(jiān)督[中]customs supervisor

助理關(guān)務(wù)監(jiān)督[初]assistant customs supervisor

關(guān)務(wù)員[初]customs clerk

23.航空飛行系列職稱(chēng)翻譯

一級(jí)飛行員[高]first-grade pilot

二級(jí)飛行員[中]second-grade pilot

三級(jí)飛行員[初]third-grade pilot

四級(jí)飛行員[初]fourth-grade pilot

一級(jí)領(lǐng)航員[高]first-grade navigator

二級(jí)領(lǐng)航員[中]second-grade navigator

三級(jí)領(lǐng)航員[初]third-grade navigator

四級(jí)領(lǐng)航員[初]fourth-grade navigator

一級(jí)飛行通信員[高]first-grade flight radioman

二級(jí)飛行通信員[中]second-grade flight radioman

三級(jí)飛行通信員[初]third-grade flight radioman

四級(jí)飛行通信員[初]fourth-grade flight radioman

一級(jí)飛行機(jī)械員[高]first-grade flight engineer

二級(jí)飛行機(jī)械員[中]second-grade flight engineer

三級(jí)飛行機(jī)械員[初]third-grade flight engineer

四級(jí)飛行機(jī)械員[初]fourth-grade flight engineer

24.船舶技術(shù)系列職稱(chēng)翻譯

高級(jí)船長(zhǎng)[高] senior captain

船長(zhǎng)[中]captain

大副[中]譯作first mate或 mate

二副[初]second mate

三副[初]third mate

高級(jí)輪機(jī)長(zhǎng)[高]senior engineer, senior chief engineer

輪機(jī)長(zhǎng)[中]chief, chief engineer

大管輪[中]first engineman

二管輪[初]second engineman

三管輪[初]third engineman

高級(jí)電機(jī)員[高]senior electrician

通用電機(jī)員[中]general electrician

一等電機(jī)員[中]first electrician

二等電機(jī)員[初]second electrician

高級(jí)報(bào)務(wù)員[高]senior radioman

通用報(bào)務(wù)員[中]general radioman

一等報(bào)務(wù)員[中]first radioman

二等報(bào)務(wù)員[初]second radioman

限用報(bào)務(wù)員[初]special radioman

25.體育教練系列職稱(chēng)翻譯

主教練[高]chief coach

教練[中]coach

助理教練[初]assistant coach

26.藝術(shù)系列職稱(chēng)翻譯

一級(jí)演員 first-grade actor

二級(jí)畫(huà)師 second-grade painter

三級(jí)導(dǎo)演 third-grade director

四級(jí)演員 fourth-grade actor

27.工藝美術(shù)系列職稱(chēng)翻譯

高級(jí)工藝美術(shù)師[高]senior industrial artist；

工藝美術(shù)師[中]industrial artist；

助理工藝美術(shù)師[初]assistant industrial artist；

工藝美術(shù)員[初]painter of handicraft。其它

審計(jì)員 auditor；

法醫(yī) forensic medicine

社會(huì)各界職位中英文對(duì)照大全

7.工商金融 INDUSTRIAL, COMMERCIAL AND BANKING COMMUNITIES 名譽(yù)董事長(zhǎng) Honorary Chairman 董事長(zhǎng) Chairman 執(zhí)行董事 Executive Director 總裁 President 總經(jīng)理 General Manager;C.E.O(Chief Executive Officer)經(jīng)理 Manager 財(cái)務(wù)主管 Controller 公關(guān)部經(jīng)理 PR Manager 營(yíng)業(yè)部經(jīng)理 Business Manager 銷(xiāo)售部經(jīng)理 Sales Manager 推銷(xiāo)員 Salesman 采購(gòu)員 Purchaser 導(dǎo)演 Director 演員 Actor 畫(huà)師 Painter 指揮 Conductor 編導(dǎo) Scenarist 錄音師 Sound Engineer 舞蹈編劇 Choreographer 美術(shù)師 Artist 制片人 Producer 剪輯導(dǎo)演 Montage Director 配音演員Dubber 攝影師 Cameraman 化裝師 Make-up Artist 舞臺(tái)監(jiān)督 Stage Manager 售貨員 Sales Clerk 領(lǐng)班 Captain 經(jīng)紀(jì)人 Broker 高級(jí)經(jīng)濟(jì)師 Senior Economist 高級(jí)會(huì)計(jì)師 Senior Accountant 注冊(cè)會(huì)計(jì)師 Certified Public Accountant 出納員 Cashier 審計(jì)署審計(jì)長(zhǎng) Auditor-General, Auditing Administration 審計(jì)師 Senior Auditor 審計(jì)員 Auditing Clerk 統(tǒng)計(jì)師 Statistician 統(tǒng)計(jì)員 Statistical Clerk 廠長(zhǎng) factory Managing Director 車(chē)間主任Workshop Manager 工段長(zhǎng) Section Chief 作業(yè)班長(zhǎng) Foreman 倉(cāng)庫(kù)管理員 Storekeeper 教授級(jí)高級(jí)工程師 Professor of Engineering 高級(jí)工程師 Senior Engineer 技師 Technician 建筑師 Architect 設(shè)計(jì)師 Designer 機(jī)械師 Mechanic 化驗(yàn)員 Chemical Analyst 質(zhì)檢員 Quality Inspector 高級(jí)農(nóng)業(yè)師 Senior Agronomist 農(nóng)業(yè)師 Agronomist 助理農(nóng)業(yè)師 Assistant Agronomist 農(nóng)業(yè)技術(shù)員 Agricultural Technician 中國(guó)科學(xué)院院長(zhǎng) President, Chinese Academy of Sciences 主席團(tuán)執(zhí)行主席 Executive Chairman 科學(xué)院院長(zhǎng) President(Academies)學(xué)部主任Division Chairman 院士 Academician 大學(xué)校長(zhǎng) President, University 中學(xué)校長(zhǎng) Principal, Secondary School 小學(xué)校長(zhǎng) Headmaster, Primary School 學(xué)院院長(zhǎng) Dean of College 校董事會(huì)董事 Trustee, Board of Trustees 教務(wù)主任Dean of Studies 總務(wù)長(zhǎng) Dean of General Affairs 注冊(cè)主管 Registrar 系主任Director of Department/Dean of the Faculty 客座教授 Visiting Professor 交換教授 Exchange Professor 名譽(yù)教授 Honorary Professor 班主任Class Adviser 特級(jí)教師 Teacher of Special Grade 研究所所長(zhǎng) Director, Research Institute 研究員 Professor 副研究員 Associate Professor 助理研究員 Research Associate 研究實(shí)習(xí)員 Research Assistant 高級(jí)實(shí)驗(yàn)師 Senior Experimentalist 實(shí)驗(yàn)師 Experimentalist 助理實(shí)驗(yàn)師 Assistant Experimentalist 實(shí)驗(yàn)員 Laboratory Technician 教授 Professor 副教授 Associate Professor 講師 Instructor/Lecturer 助教 Assistant 高級(jí)講師 Senior Lecturer 講師 Lecturer 助理講師 Assistant Lecturer 教員 Teacher 指導(dǎo)教師 Instructor 主任醫(yī)師（講課）Professor of Medicine 主任醫(yī)師（醫(yī)療）Professor of Treatment 兒科主任醫(yī)師 Professor of Paediatrics 主治醫(yī)師 Doctor-in-charge 外科主治醫(yī)師 Surgeon-in-charge 內(nèi)科主治醫(yī)師 Physician-in-charge 眼科主治醫(yī)師 Oculist-in-charge 婦科主治醫(yī)師Gynaecologist-in-charge 牙科主治醫(yī)師 Dentist-in-charge 醫(yī)師 Doctor 醫(yī)士 Assistant Doctor 主任藥師 Professor of Pharmacy 主管藥師 Pharmacist-in-charge 藥師 Pharmacist 藥士 Assistant Pharmacist 主任護(hù)師 Professor of Nursing 主管護(hù)師 Nurse-in-charge 護(hù)師 Nurse Practitioner 護(hù)士 Nurse 主任技師 Senior Technologist 主管技師 Technologist-in-charge 技師 Technologist 技士 Technician 總編輯 Editor-in-chief 高級(jí)編輯 Full Senior Editor 主任編輯 Associate Senior Editor 編輯 Editor 助理編輯 Assistant Editor 高級(jí)記者 Full Senior Reporter 主任記者 Associate Senior Reporter 記者 Reporter 助理記者 Assistant Reporter 編審 Professor of Editorship 編輯 Editor 助理編輯 Assistant Editor 技術(shù)編輯 Technical Editor 技術(shù)設(shè)計(jì)員 Technical Designer 校對(duì) Proofreader 譯審 Professor of Translation 翻譯 Translator/Interpreter 助理翻譯 Assistant Translator/Interpreter 廣播電視 RADIO AND TELEVISION 電臺(tái)/電視臺(tái)臺(tái)長(zhǎng) Radio/TV Station Controller 播音指導(dǎo) Director of Announcing 主任播音員 Chief Announcer 播音員 Announcer 電視主持人 TV Presenter 總公司 Head Office 分公司 Branch Office 營(yíng)業(yè)部 Business Office 人事部 Personnel Department(人力資源部)Human Resources Department 總務(wù)部 General Affairs Department 財(cái)務(wù)部 General Accounting Department 銷(xiāo)售部 Sales Department 促銷(xiāo)部 Sales Promotion Department 國(guó)際部 International Department 出口部 Export Department 進(jìn)口部 Import Department 公共關(guān)系 Public Relations Department 廣告部 Advertising Department 企劃部 Planning Department 產(chǎn)品開(kāi)發(fā)部 Product Development Department 研發(fā)部 Research and Development Department(R&D)秘書(shū)室 Secretarial Pool 6.社會(huì)團(tuán)體 NONGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATION 會(huì)長(zhǎng) President 主席 Chairman 名譽(yù)顧問(wèn) Honorary Adviser 理事長(zhǎng) President 理事 Trustee/Council Member 總干事 Director-General 總監(jiān) Director 5.立法機(jī)關(guān) LEGISLATURE 中華人民共和國(guó)主席/副主席 President/Vice President, the People?s Republic of China 全國(guó)人大委員長(zhǎng)/副委員長(zhǎng) Chairman/Vice Chairman, National People?s Congress 秘書(shū)長(zhǎng) Secretary-General 主任委員 Chairman 委員 Member（地方人大）主任Chairman, Local People?s Congress 人大代表 Deputy to the People?s Congress 政府機(jī)構(gòu) GOVERNMENT ORGANIZATION 國(guó)務(wù)院總理 Premier, State Council 國(guó)務(wù)委員 State Councilor 秘書(shū)長(zhǎng) Secretary-General（國(guó)務(wù)院各委員會(huì)）主任Minister in Charge of Commission for（國(guó)務(wù)院各部）部長(zhǎng) Minister 部長(zhǎng)助理 Assistant Minister 司長(zhǎng) Director 局長(zhǎng) Director 省長(zhǎng) Governor 常務(wù)副省長(zhǎng) Executive Vice Governor 自治區(qū)人民政府主席 Chairman, Autonomous Regional People?s Government 地區(qū)專(zhuān)員 Commissioner, prefecture 香港特別行政區(qū)行政長(zhǎng)官 Chief Executive, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region 市長(zhǎng)/副市長(zhǎng) Mayor/Vice Mayor 區(qū)長(zhǎng) Chief Executive, District Government 縣長(zhǎng) Chief Executive, County Government 鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)長(zhǎng) Chief Executive, Township Government 秘書(shū)長(zhǎng) Secretary-General 辦公廳主任Director, General Office（部委辦）主任Director 處長(zhǎng)/副處長(zhǎng) Division Chief/Deputy Division Chief 科長(zhǎng)/股長(zhǎng) Section Chief 科員 Clerk/Officer 發(fā)言人 Spokesman 顧問(wèn) Adviser 參事 Counselor 巡視員 Inspector/Monitor 特派員 Commissioner 外交官銜 DIPLOMATIC RANK 特命全權(quán)大使 Ambassador Extraordinary and plenipotentiary 公使 Minister 代辦 Charge d?Affaires

臨時(shí)代辦 Charge d?Affaires ad Interim 參贊 Counselor 政務(wù)參贊 Political Counselor 商務(wù)參贊 Commercial Counselor 經(jīng)濟(jì)參贊 Economic Counselor 新聞文化參贊 Press and Cultural Counselor 公使銜參贊 Minister-Counselor 商務(wù)專(zhuān)員 Commercial Attaché 經(jīng)濟(jì)專(zhuān)員 Economic Attaché 文化專(zhuān)員 Cultural Attaché 商務(wù)代表 Trade Representative 一等秘書(shū) First Secretary 武官 Military Attaché 檔案秘書(shū) Secretary-Archivist 專(zhuān)員/隨員 Attaché 總領(lǐng)事 Consul General 領(lǐng)事 Consul 司法、公證、公安 JUDICIARY,NOTARY AND PUBLIC SECURITY 人民法院院長(zhǎng) President, People?s Courts 人民法庭庭長(zhǎng) Chief Judge, People?s Tribunals 審判長(zhǎng) Chief Judge 審判員 Judge 書(shū)記 Clerk of the Court 法醫(yī) Legal Medical Expert 法警 Judicial Policeman 人民檢察院檢察長(zhǎng) Procurator-General, People?s procuratorates 監(jiān)獄長(zhǎng) Warden 律師 Lawyer 公證員 Notary Public 總警監(jiān) Commissioner General 警監(jiān) Commissioner 警督 Supervisor 警司 Superintendent 警員 Constable 政黨 POLITICAL PARTY 中共中央總書(shū)記 General Secretary, the CPC Central Committee 政治局常委 Member, Standing Committee of Political Bureau, the CPC Central Committee 政治局委員 Member, Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee 書(shū)記處書(shū)記 Member, secretariat of the CPC Central Committee 中央委員 Member, Central Committee 候補(bǔ)委員 Alternate Member 省委/市委書(shū)記 Secretary,…Provincial/Municipal Committee of the CPC 黨組書(shū)記 secretary, Party Leadership Group 4 EXECUTIVE AND MANAGERIAL(管理部分)Chief Executive Officer(CEO)首席執(zhí)行官 Director of Operations 運(yùn)營(yíng)總監(jiān) Vice-President 副總裁 Branch Manager 部門(mén)經(jīng)理 Retail Store Manager 零售店經(jīng)理 HMO Product Manager 產(chǎn)品經(jīng)理 Operations Manager 操作經(jīng)理 Assistant Vice-President 副總裁助理 Field Assurance Coordinator 土地?fù)?dān)保協(xié)調(diào)員 Management Consultant 管理顧問(wèn) District Manager 市區(qū)經(jīng)理 Hospital Administrator 醫(yī)院管理 Import/Export Manager 進(jìn)出口經(jīng)理

Insurance Claims Controller 保險(xiǎn)認(rèn)領(lǐng)管理員 Program Manager 程序管理經(jīng)理 Insurance Coordinator 保險(xiǎn)協(xié)調(diào)員 Project Manager 項(xiàng)目經(jīng)理

Inventory Control Manager 庫(kù)存管理經(jīng)理 Regional Manager 區(qū)域經(jīng)理

Chief Operations Officer(COO)首席運(yùn)營(yíng)官 General Manager 總經(jīng)理

Executive Marketing Director 市場(chǎng)行政總監(jiān) Controller(International)國(guó)際監(jiān)管 Food Service Manager 食品服務(wù)經(jīng)理 Production Manager 生產(chǎn)經(jīng)理 Administrator 醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)管理 Property Manager 房地產(chǎn)經(jīng)理 Claims Examiner 主考官 Controller(General)管理員 Service Manager 服務(wù)經(jīng)理 Manufacturing Manager 制造業(yè)經(jīng)理 Vending Manager 售買(mǎi)經(jīng)理

Telecommunications Manager 電信業(yè)經(jīng)理 Transportation Manager 運(yùn)輸經(jīng)理 Warehouse Manager 倉(cāng)庫(kù)經(jīng)理 Assistant Store Manager 商店經(jīng)理助理 Advertising Manager 廣告經(jīng)理 Travel Agent 旅行代辦員 Salesperson 銷(xiāo)售員

Accounting Assistant 會(huì)計(jì)助理 Accounting Clerk 記帳員 Accounting Manager 會(huì)計(jì)部經(jīng)理 Accounting Stall 會(huì)計(jì)部職員 Accounting Supervisor 會(huì)計(jì)主管 Administration Manager 行政經(jīng)理 Administration Staff 行政人員 Administrative Assistant 行政助理 Administrative Clerk 行政辦事員 Advertising Staff 廣告工作人員

Airlines Sales Representative 航空公司定座員 Airlines Staff 航空公司職員 Application Engineer 應(yīng)用工程師 Assistant Manager 副經(jīng)理 Bond Analyst 證券分析員 Bond Trader 證券交易員 Business Controller 業(yè)務(wù)主任 Business Manager 業(yè)務(wù)經(jīng)理 Buyer 采購(gòu)員 Cashier 出納員

Chemical Engineer 化學(xué)工程師 Civil Engineer 土木工程師 Clerk/Receptionist 職員／接待員

Clerk Typist & Secretary 文書(shū)打字兼秘書(shū) Computer Data Input Operator 計(jì)算機(jī)資料輸入員 Computer Engineer 計(jì)算機(jī)工程師

Computer Processing Operator 計(jì)算機(jī)處理操作員 Computer System Manager 計(jì)算機(jī)系統(tǒng)部經(jīng)理 Copywriter 廣告文字撰稿人 Deputy General Manager 副總經(jīng)理 Economic Research Assistant 經(jīng)濟(jì)研究助理 Electrical Engineer 電氣工程師 Engineering Technician 工程技術(shù)員 English Instructor/Teacher 英語(yǔ)教師 Export Sales Manager 外銷(xiāo)部經(jīng)理 Export Sales Staff 外銷(xiāo)部職員 Financial Controller 財(cái)務(wù)主任 Financial Reporter 財(cái)務(wù)報(bào)告人

F.X.(Foreign Exchange)Clerk 外匯部職員 F.X.Settlement Clerk 外匯部核算員 Fund Manager 財(cái)務(wù)經(jīng)理 General Auditor 審計(jì)長(zhǎng)

General Manager/President 總經(jīng)理 General Manager Assistant 總經(jīng)理助理 General Manager?s Secretary 總經(jīng)理秘書(shū) Hardware Engineer（計(jì)算機(jī)）硬件工程師 Import Liaison Staff 進(jìn)口聯(lián)絡(luò)員 Import Manager 進(jìn)口部經(jīng)理 Insurance Actuary 保險(xiǎn)公司理賠員 International Sales Staff 國(guó)際銷(xiāo)售員 Interpreter 口語(yǔ)翻譯 Legal Adviser 法律顧問(wèn) Line Supervisor 生產(chǎn)線(xiàn)主管 Maintenance Engineer 維修工程師 Management Consultant 管理顧問(wèn) Manager 經(jīng)理

Manager for Public Relations 公關(guān)部經(jīng)理 Manufacturing Engineer 制造工程師 Manufacturing Worker 生產(chǎn)員工 Market Analyst 市場(chǎng)分析員

Market Development Manager 市場(chǎng)開(kāi)發(fā)部經(jīng)理 Marketing Manager 市場(chǎng)銷(xiāo)售部經(jīng)理 Marketing Staff 市場(chǎng)銷(xiāo)售員 Marketing Assistant 銷(xiāo)售助理 Marketing Executive 銷(xiāo)售主管 Marketing Representative 銷(xiāo)售代表

Marketing Representative Manager 市場(chǎng)調(diào)研部經(jīng)理 Mechanical Engineer 機(jī)械工程師 Mining Engineer 采礦工程師 Music Teacher 音樂(lè)教師 Naval Architect 造船工程師 Office Assistant 辦公室助理 Office Clerk 職員

Operational Manager 業(yè)務(wù)經(jīng)理 Package Designer 包裝設(shè)計(jì)師

Passenger Reservation Staff 乘客票位預(yù)訂員 Personnel Clerk 人事部職員 Personnel Manager 人事部經(jīng)理 Plant/Factory Manager 廠長(zhǎng) Postal Clerk 郵政人員 Private Secretary 私人秘書(shū) Product Manager 生產(chǎn)部經(jīng)理 Production Engineer 產(chǎn)品工程師 Professional Staff 專(zhuān)業(yè)人員 Programmer 電腦程序設(shè)計(jì)師 Project Staff（項(xiàng)目）策劃人員 Promotional Manager 推銷(xiāo)部經(jīng)理 Proof-reader 校對(duì)員

Purchasing Agent 采購(gòu)（進(jìn)貨）員 Quality Control Engineer 質(zhì)量管理工程師 Real Estate Staff 房地產(chǎn)職員 Recruitment Coordinator 招聘協(xié)調(diào)人 Regional Manger 地區(qū)經(jīng)理

Research & Development Engineer 研究開(kāi)發(fā)工程師 Restaurant Manager 飯店經(jīng)理 Sales and Planning Staff 銷(xiāo)售計(jì)劃員 Sales Assistant 銷(xiāo)售助理 Sales Clerk 店員、售貨員 Sales Coordinator 銷(xiāo)售協(xié)調(diào)人 Sales Engineer 銷(xiāo)售工程師 Sales Executive 銷(xiāo)售主管 Sales Manager 銷(xiāo)售部經(jīng)理 Salesperson 銷(xiāo)售員

Seller Representative 銷(xiāo)售代表 Sales Supervisor 銷(xiāo)售監(jiān)管 School Registrar 學(xué)校注冊(cè)主任 Secretarial Assistant 秘書(shū)助理 Secretary 秘書(shū)

Securities Custody Clerk 保安人員 Security Officer 安全人員 Senior Accountant 高級(jí)會(huì)計(jì) Senior Consultant/Adviser 高級(jí)顧問(wèn) Senior Employee 高級(jí)雇員 Senior Secretary 高級(jí)秘書(shū) Service Manager 服務(wù)部經(jīng)理 Simultaneous Interpreter 同聲傳譯員 Software Engineer（計(jì)算機(jī)）軟件工程師 Supervisor 監(jiān)管員 Systems Adviser 系統(tǒng)顧問(wèn) Systems Engineer 系統(tǒng)工程師 Systems Operator 系統(tǒng)操作員 Technical Editor 技術(shù)編輯 Technical Translator 技術(shù)翻譯 Technical Worker 技術(shù)工人

Telecommunication Executive 電訊（電信）員 Telephonist/Operator 電話(huà)接線(xiàn)員、話(huà)務(wù)員 Tourist Guide 導(dǎo)游

Trade Finance Executive 貿(mào)易財(cái)務(wù)主管 Trainee Manager 培訓(xùn)部經(jīng)理 Translation Checker 翻譯核對(duì)員 Translator 翻譯員

Trust Banking Executive 銀行高級(jí)職員 Typist 打字員

Word Processing Operator 文字處理操作員 3.HUMAN RESOURCES（人力資源部分）Director of Human Resources 人力資源總監(jiān) Assistant Personnel Officer 人事助理 Compensation Manager 薪酬經(jīng)理 Employment Consultant 招募顧問(wèn) Facility Manager 后勤經(jīng)理

Job Placement Officer 人員配置專(zhuān)員 Labor Relations Specialist 勞動(dòng)關(guān)系專(zhuān)員 Recruiter 招聘人員

Training Specialist 培訓(xùn)專(zhuān)員

Vice-President of Human Resources 人力資源副總裁

Assistant Vice-President of Human Resources 人力資源副總裁助理 Personnel Manager 職員經(jīng)理 Benefits Coordinator 員工福利協(xié)調(diào)員

Employer Relations Representative 員工關(guān)系代表 Personnel Consultant 員工顧問(wèn) Training Coordinator 培訓(xùn)協(xié)調(diào)員

2.COMPETER AND MATHEMATICS(計(jì)算機(jī)部分)Manager of Network Administration 網(wǎng)絡(luò)管理經(jīng)理 MIS Manager 電腦部經(jīng)理 Project Manager 項(xiàng)目經(jīng)理 Technical Engineer 技術(shù)工程師 Developmental Engineer 開(kāi)發(fā)工程師 Systems Programmer 系統(tǒng)程序員 Administrator 局域網(wǎng)管理員 Operations Analyst 操作分析 Computer Operator 電腦操作員 Product Support Manager 產(chǎn)品支持經(jīng)理 Computer Operations Supervisor 電腦操作主管 Director of Information Services 信息服務(wù)主管 Systems Engineer 系統(tǒng)工程師 Hardware Engineer 硬件工程師

Applications Programmer 應(yīng)用軟件程序員 Information Analyst 信息分析 LAN Systems Analyst 系統(tǒng)分析 Statistician 統(tǒng)計(jì)員

1.MAKETING AND SALES(市場(chǎng)與銷(xiāo)售部分)Vice-President of Sales 銷(xiāo)售副總裁 Senior Customer Manager 高級(jí)客戶(hù)經(jīng)理 Sales Manager 銷(xiāo)售經(jīng)理

Regional Sales Manager 地區(qū)銷(xiāo)售經(jīng)理

Procurement Manager 采購(gòu)經(jīng)理 Procurement Agency 采購(gòu)代辦所 Sales Assistant 銷(xiāo)售助理 Wholesale Buyer 批發(fā)采購(gòu)員 Tele-Interviewer 電話(huà)調(diào)查員 Real Estate Appraiser 房地產(chǎn)評(píng)估師 Marketing Consultant 市場(chǎng)顧問(wèn)

Marketing and Sales Director 市場(chǎng)與銷(xiāo)售總監(jiān) Market Research Analyst 市場(chǎng)調(diào)查分析員 Manufacturer?s Representative 廠家代表 Director of Subsidiary Rights 分公司權(quán)利總監(jiān) Sales Representative 銷(xiāo)售代表

Assistant Customer Executive 客戶(hù)管理助理 Marketing Intern 市場(chǎng)實(shí)習(xí)Marketing Director 市場(chǎng)總監(jiān) Insurance Agent 保險(xiǎn)代理人 Customer Manager 客戶(hù)經(jīng)理

Vice-President of Marketing 市場(chǎng)副總裁 Regional Customer Manager 地區(qū)客戶(hù)經(jīng)理 Sales Administrator 銷(xiāo)售主管 Telemarketing Director 電話(huà)銷(xiāo)售總監(jiān) Telemarketer 電話(huà)銷(xiāo)售員 Sales Executive 銷(xiāo)售執(zhí)行者 Marketing Assistant 市場(chǎng)助理 Retail Buyer 零售采購(gòu)員 Real Estate Manager 房地產(chǎn)經(jīng)理 Real Estate Broker 房地產(chǎn)經(jīng)紀(jì)人 Purchasing Agent 采購(gòu)代理 Product Developer 產(chǎn)品開(kāi)發(fā) Marketing Manager 市場(chǎng)經(jīng)理 Advertising Coordinator 廣告協(xié)調(diào)員 Advertising Assistant 廣告助理

Ad Copywriter(Direct Mail)廣告文撰寫(xiě)人 Customer Representative 客戶(hù)代表

第五篇：常見(jiàn)的翻譯技巧

常見(jiàn)的翻譯技巧

一、詞義的多樣性表達(dá)

1、一個(gè)單詞多種表達(dá)

2、多個(gè)詞表達(dá)一個(gè)意思，如表達(dá)“死”

除此之外，還有多個(gè)詞翻譯成一個(gè)意思（主要指英譯漢），不再具體講。

3、幾個(gè)單詞

二、增減詞

增詞：原文意思在，表達(dá)不清楚，英文中如果不增詞，就表達(dá)不夠完整 減詞：原文中表達(dá)意思的詞在，如果漢語(yǔ)中不把詞減去的話(huà)，顯得累贅 如色狼：wolf 不能說(shuō)color wolf

（一）添詞例子：

確保正確，不是100％必須

添加解釋說(shuō)明性文字，添加必須性文字(重點(diǎn))。

1、Mr.Edwards and Mr.Cheney offered a striking contrast in appearance as they sat side by side, with Mr.Cheney looking his 63 years and Mr.Edwards looking less than his 51.來(lái)自《紐約時(shí)報(bào)》：愛(ài)得華茲先生與切尼先生并排就座時(shí)，外表殊為不同，切尼先生看上去與實(shí)際年齡63歲相仿，而愛(ài)得華茲先生看上去比實(shí)際年齡51歲年輕。

2、This great scientist was born in New England.這位偉大的科學(xué)家出生于美國(guó)東北部的新英格蘭。

3、Those were the words that were to make the world blossom for me, “l(fā)ike Aaron’s rod, with flowers.”(high priest)

were to表示將來(lái)；Aaron是摩西的兄弟

正是這幾句話(huà)，日后讓整個(gè)世界在我面前如花展開(kāi)，就像《圣經(jīng)》中所說(shuō)的“亞倫的杖開(kāi)了花”。（來(lái)自美國(guó)的海倫凱勒）

4、三個(gè)臭皮匠，抵個(gè)諸葛亮

Two heads are better than one.The wit of three cobblers surpasses that of Zhuge Liang, the master mind.(civic pride)

5、班門(mén)弄斧

to teach fish to swim;to teach the old granny to suck eggs

to show off one’s proficiency with the axe before Lu Ban, the master carpenter 陰: negative aspect of things

（二）減詞例子：

減去解釋說(shuō)明性文字

減去原文有、不減難受的詞，減去必須性，必須減。

1、According to BT’s futurologist, Ian Pearson, these are among the developments scheduled for the first few decades of the new millennium(a period of 1,000 years).英國(guó)電信的未來(lái)學(xué)家Ian Pearson認(rèn)為，這些成就預(yù)計(jì)將出現(xiàn)在新千年頭幾十年之中。

2、We take this opportunity to inform you that we are now in a position to make prompt shipment of the merchandise.告訴你們，可以立即裝船。

3、大會(huì)準(zhǔn)備工作正在緊張有序地進(jìn)行。

The preparations for the conference are underway in a busy but ordering manner.4、失業(yè)問(wèn)題一直是我們工作的中心。

The(issue of)unemployment has always been the centre/focus of our work.三、漢語(yǔ)四字格的使用 只針對(duì)英譯漢

1.Even the most beautiful became bent and toothless, their dark clothes smelling, as the mamma’s did, of smoke and manure.即使絕色佳人也會(huì)彎腰駝背、皓齒盡落，一身皂衣，如同奶媽的衣服一樣，全是煙味，臭氣熏人。

2.On this battle rests the fate of our nation.Let every man do his utmost.民族命運(yùn)決于此役，凡我士兵必須奮力抗敵。

3.Drew Pearson, a thirty-four-year-old reporter, described them as “ragged, weary, and apathetic,” with “no hope on their faces.”

Drew Pearson，一位34歲的記者，表述他們時(shí)說(shuō)，他們衣衫襤縷，疲憊不堪、冷漠無(wú)情，一臉絕望。4.To Henry Kissinger, for whose wise counsel and dedicated services far beyond the call of duty I shall always remain grateful.致Henry Kissinger，精于良言、鞠躬盡瘁、逾于所司，永至不忘。

5.a world of difference, take a risk in desperation, await with great anxiety, decline with all sorts of excuses

天壤之別、鋌而走險(xiǎn)（孤注一擲）、翹首以待（望穿秋水）、百般推辭

四、詞性的轉(zhuǎn)換

(一)一般情況下：漢語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用的多，英語(yǔ)名詞用的多，漢譯英，動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)名詞；英譯漢，名詞轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)詞

1.絕對(duì)不允許違反這個(gè)原則。

Violation of the principle should never be allowed/tolerated.2.堅(jiān)持一個(gè)中國(guó)的原則是實(shí)現(xiàn)和平統(tǒng)一的基礎(chǔ)與前提。

Adherence to the “One-China” policy should serve as the basis and prerequisite for peaceful reunification.3.Everyone was away on holiday.每個(gè)人都出去度假。

4.He came to my home for help.他到我家來(lái)請(qǐng)求幫助。

5.I am so grateful to my father for his continuous encouragement during my childhood.我非常感謝我的父親，因?yàn)樵谖疫€是小孩子的時(shí)候，他就不停的鼓勵(lì)我。

（二）單詞介紹：apathetic describe

1、“a”表示“無(wú)”如：: atheist 無(wú)神論者, amoral/immoral 無(wú)關(guān)道德的/沒(méi)有道德的, atypical pneumonia 非典, SARS: severe acute respiratory syndrome, 嚴(yán)重的呼吸道傳染綜合癥

2、“path”表示情感: sympathy 同情, antipathy 反感, empathy 可以將心比心的理解他人, pathology, 病理學(xué)

3、“scribe”表示寫(xiě): prescribe 開(kāi)處方, script 文字資料、腳本, scripture 宗教經(jīng)典, scribble 亂涂亂劃, postscript 附言（商業(yè)信函中禁用）, inscribe 刻, inscription 碑銘, subscribe 訂閱, manuscript 手稿，五、表達(dá)法的正反轉(zhuǎn)換

原文肯定，翻譯后為“不+否定”，有意想不到的效果，如：語(yǔ)氣緩和或漢語(yǔ)中沒(méi)有此種表達(dá)方法

1.Wet paint.油漆未干

2.Keep upright.(Handle with care.)切勿倒置（小心輕放）3.Admission by invitation only.非請(qǐng)莫入

4.If it rains in Cleveland today, volunteers will stand in lines with umbrellas to keep voters dry.如果今天克里弗蘭下雨，志愿者將打著傘排著隊(duì)，以免選民淋濕。

5.If any mater should be added after this contract comes into force, then such a matter shall be agreed upon by

both sides through friendly consultations and confirmed by means of exchanging official documents.本合同生效后如有未盡事宜，須經(jīng)雙方友好協(xié)商同意，并交換正式文本以確認(rèn)

注意：表達(dá)法的正反轉(zhuǎn)換要根據(jù)具體情況，主要出于兩點(diǎn)：

1、表達(dá)習(xí)慣；

2、語(yǔ)氣的緩和與加強(qiáng)

六、直譯與意譯

盡量用直譯；

兩種情況下不能用直譯：

1、比喻在一種語(yǔ)言中可以接受，而在另一種語(yǔ)言中不能接受

2、特別具有豐富文化內(nèi)涵的詞

第一種情況的例子

1、drink like a fish形容一個(gè)人喝水又多又急，中文形容“牛飲”

2、turn swords into ploughs 化干戈為玉帛

3、pull the chestnut out of the fire 火中取栗

4、天下沒(méi)有不散的筵席 No feast lasts forever.The best of friends must part.5、五十步笑百步 The pot calls the kettle black.The soldier who retreated fifty paces laughed at the one who had fallen back a hundred paces.第二種情況的例子

1、You are a clever dog.你真聰明（狗在漢語(yǔ)中有貶義）

2、Every dog has his day.三十年河?xùn)|、三十年河西；凡人皆有得意時(shí)

3、In a word, those nonverbal messages speak to hearts, not heads.總而言之，這些非語(yǔ)言信息是訴之于情感、而非理智。（背景：美國(guó)總統(tǒng)大選時(shí)對(duì)著裝等的評(píng)價(jià)）

七、句子的分與合（一）合句例子：

1、深圳機(jī)場(chǎng)為了方便旅客，設(shè)置了四間更衣室。室內(nèi)設(shè)備齊全。

For the convenience of the passengers, Shenzhen Airport has set aside four well-equipped changing rooms.2、盧嘉川挨近她，情不自禁地握住了她的手。這女孩的熱情、大膽和奔向革命的赤誠(chéng)深深感動(dòng)了他。

Lu Jiachuan, deeply moved by the girl’s passion, bravery/courage and revolutionary spirit, came up to her and couldn’t help/resist taking her hands.3、道靜氣得渾身發(fā)抖。她二話(huà)沒(méi)說(shuō)，立刻向經(jīng)理辭了職。

Trembling/quivering with anger, Daojing gave the manager immediate notice without saying anything.(注意：gave notice表示辭職，預(yù)留準(zhǔn)備時(shí)間，gave a week’s notice)

（二）分句例子：

1、本科生分為四年制和五年制兩種，學(xué)生畢業(yè)考試及格并且通過(guò)論文后，即可獲得學(xué)士學(xué)位。

The undergraduate program is either four years or five years.After passing the graduation examinations and defending successfully their graduation theses, the students will be conferred a bachelor’s degree.(conferred表示授予，漢語(yǔ)常用獲得)注意：Bachelor’s degree 學(xué)士學(xué)位

BA(Bachelor of Arts）文科學(xué)士

BS(Bachelor of Sciences)理科學(xué)士

Master ’s degree 碩士學(xué)位

Doctor’s degree 博士學(xué)位

Associate Bachelor’s degree

專(zhuān)科學(xué)位

Assistant professor 助理教授，不是助教之意

Teaching assistant 助教

2、深圳作為全國(guó)最早的特區(qū)，與內(nèi)地經(jīng)濟(jì)往來(lái)極為密切，特別是在香港回歸祖國(guó)以后，人員往來(lái)大為增加，深圳機(jī)場(chǎng)是全國(guó)十大機(jī)場(chǎng)之一。

As the Nation’s/China’s first SEZ, Shenzhen has established very close economic ties with the Nation’s inner parts.Especially after Hong Kong was returned to the motherland, the number of people arriving at and leaving Shenzhen has increased greatly.Shenzhen Airport is one of ten largest airports of the nation.注意：

1、“全國(guó)十大機(jī)場(chǎng)之一”可以翻成 is nation’s Top Ten airports.2、“人員往來(lái)大為增加” 可以翻成 human exchange between Shenzhen and the inner parts of Nation, 但與前面有重復(fù)

八、成語(yǔ)的翻譯

首先要弄懂中文意思，其次追求完美

(一)套譯

漢語(yǔ)中的成語(yǔ)，英語(yǔ)中有一個(gè)意思非常接近成語(yǔ)，直接套用 call a spade a spade 實(shí)話(huà)實(shí)說(shuō)；實(shí)事求是

reap what one has sown 種瓜得瓜/作繭自縛（區(qū)別褒、貶義和感情色彩）kill the goose that lays the golden eggs 殺雞取卵/涸澤而漁 castle in the air 海市蜃樓/空中樓閣 過(guò)河拆橋kick down the ladder

格格不入 like a square peg in a round hole

（二）直譯

在成語(yǔ)所包含的比喻和語(yǔ)言?xún)?nèi)涵被另一種文化完全接受的情況下，可以直譯。Trojan horse 特洛伊木馬 表示從內(nèi)部起爆 sour grapes

酸葡萄 表示得不到東西的心理

Sphinx’s riddle 斯芬克斯之謎，表示難解之謎 a Judas kiss 猶大之吻，表示叛變、背叛

（三）直譯套譯均可

鑒于有些成語(yǔ)有對(duì)應(yīng)的，但有些人喜歡把意思直接譯出來(lái) to kill two birds with one stone 一石兩鳥(niǎo)/一箭雙雕 crocodile tears鱷魚(yú)之淚/黃鼠狼給雞拜年

聲東擊西 to shout in the east and strike in the west/to look one way and row another 掌上明珠 a pearl in the palm/ the apple of one’s eye

對(duì)牛彈琴 play a lute to the cow/ cast the pearls before swine

（四）意譯

有些比喻和文化內(nèi)涵不能另一種語(yǔ)言作接受 in a pig’s whisper 低聲的

make a monkey of somebody 嘲弄某人 the skeleton at the feast令人掃興的人 a family skeleton 家丑

葉公好龍 professed love of what one really fears 毛遂自薦 volunteer one’s service 初出茅廬 at the start of one’s career

（五）特別容易弄錯(cuò)的成語(yǔ) pull somebody’s leg 嘲弄某人

eat one’s words 認(rèn)錯(cuò)，特別承認(rèn)自己說(shuō)錯(cuò)話(huà) dog-eat-dog 殘酷的，特別表示競(jìng)爭(zhēng) in the seventh heaven 極為開(kāi)心

九、英語(yǔ)從句的漢譯與句序的調(diào)整

英語(yǔ)翻譯第一步要保證大的結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整好，句序結(jié)構(gòu)是基礎(chǔ)。

1、狀語(yǔ)從句調(diào)整：挑出主干部分

(1)、澳門(mén)，南海之濱一顆閃耀的明珠，以她的風(fēng)采、滄桑和輝煌，更以1999年12月20日這個(gè)不同尋常的日子，吸引著全世界的目光。

A shining pearl on the coast of South China, Macao attracts the world’s attention for her charm, history of great events and glory, especially for the unusual date of December 20, 1999.South China Sea 表示中國(guó)南海，不是“南中國(guó)?！?/p>

East China Sea 東海

（2）、This seems mostly effectively done by supporting a certain amount of research not related to immediate goals but of possible consequence in the future.（橫線(xiàn)表示狀語(yǔ)）

通過(guò)支持某些與當(dāng)前目標(biāo)無(wú)關(guān)、但是在將來(lái)可能很重要的研究，一般情況下似乎可以有效的做到這一點(diǎn)。immediate與in the future相對(duì)，表示當(dāng)前 of possible＝possibly mostly表示在一般情況下

（3）、For example, they do not compensate for gross social inequality, and thus do not tell how able an underprivileged youngster might have been had he grown up under more favorable circumstances.（橫線(xiàn)表示狀語(yǔ)）

例如，他們不能彌補(bǔ)明顯的社會(huì)不公，因此也就不能說(shuō)明，如果一個(gè)貧窮的年輕人在更為有利的環(huán)境下成長(zhǎng)的話(huà)，他可能會(huì)有多大才干。

說(shuō)明：

1、underprivileged字面意思表示特權(quán)不足的（委婉語(yǔ)），翻譯時(shí)an underprivileged youngster與he位置調(diào)換，英語(yǔ)提到人名出現(xiàn)在句子主干中，而漢語(yǔ)則出現(xiàn)在第一次提到的地方。

2、“ster”加在單詞后面表示什么樣的人，如：gang表示幫派，gangster表示匪幫；

3、gross形容不好的意思，表示昭然若揭，非常明顯的小貼士：(1)、翻譯時(shí)遇到不認(rèn)識(shí)的詞，怎么辦？

從詞性上說(shuō)，形容詞、副詞不認(rèn)識(shí)，建議省略，錯(cuò)譯原比漏譯扎眼

名詞、動(dòng)詞不認(rèn)識(shí)，則難以處理，盡量通過(guò)上下文來(lái)推測(cè)該詞的意思。

(2)、關(guān)于單詞的見(jiàn)解

單詞主要記general word，中高級(jí)口譯不會(huì)考過(guò)于專(zhuān)業(yè)的東西，主要考常識(shí)性?xún)?nèi)容，不建議背專(zhuān)項(xiàng)單詞。推薦用書(shū)《上海新東方學(xué)校中高級(jí)口譯詞匯必備》、《上海新東方學(xué)校中高級(jí)口譯筆試備考精要》

(3)、記憶單詞分長(zhǎng)期記憶和短期記憶

通過(guò)記詞根和大量閱讀，能夠幫助大家長(zhǎng)期記憶

2、定語(yǔ)從句調(diào)整

英譯漢時(shí)，定語(yǔ)無(wú)非前置和后置，變成形容詞性詞或單成一句。

（1）Social science is that branch of intellectual enquiry which seeks to study humans and their endeavors in the same reasoned, orderly, systematic, and dispassioned manner that natural scientists use for the study of natural phenomena.兩個(gè)從句：which和that引導(dǎo)

譯文：社會(huì)科學(xué)是知識(shí)探索一個(gè)分支，它力求用理智的、有序的、系統(tǒng)的、冷靜的方法研究人類(lèi)和他們的種種行為，這種方式正是自然科學(xué)家用來(lái)研究自然現(xiàn)象的。說(shuō)明：

1、譯文中“正是”一詞來(lái)源于“the same”

2、reason作為動(dòng)詞，表示推理

（2）“In short”, a leader of the new school contends, “the scientific revolution, as we call it, was largely the improvement and invention and use of a series of instruments that expanded the reach of science in innumerable directions.”

兩個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句：as we call it

放在先行詞the scientific revolution之前翻譯

that expanded??

分譯 contends：如果不認(rèn)識(shí)，可以翻譯成“說(shuō)”，因?yàn)榍昂蠖加幸?hào) 譯文：新學(xué)派的一位領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人認(rèn)為：“簡(jiǎn)而言之，我們所謂的科技革命，在很大程度上是指一系列工具的改進(jìn)、發(fā)明和使用，這些改進(jìn)、發(fā)明和使用在各個(gè)方面都拓展了科學(xué)范圍”?！懊~+介詞+名詞+定語(yǔ)從句”：定語(yǔ)從句99％用來(lái)修飾第一個(gè)名詞” 注意：

1、定語(yǔ)從句的翻譯方法

(1)合譯：把定語(yǔ)從句放到被修飾詞之前

(2)分譯：定語(yǔ)從句單成一句，先行詞重復(fù)一下

2、定語(yǔ)從句先行詞判斷方法（并非100％適用）

（1）、He opposed some proposals for opening the economy, like starting a stock market, that were embraced only after he lost power.先找名詞，再根據(jù)定語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)判斷先行詞的單復(fù)數(shù)，則先行詞為“proposals”

譯文：他反對(duì)某些開(kāi)放經(jīng)濟(jì)的提議，如創(chuàng)建股票市場(chǎng)，這些提議只有在他下臺(tái)之后，才被人們所接受。

（2）、It assumes that there is an agreed account of human rights, which is something the world does not have.根據(jù)定語(yǔ)從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞單復(fù)數(shù)，易于判斷which引導(dǎo)的從句用語(yǔ)修飾account，此處account表示講述、評(píng)論。

譯文：他假定人們對(duì)人權(quán)有一個(gè)統(tǒng)一的看法，而這種看法根本就不存在。

（3）、這所大學(xué)的任務(wù)是培養(yǎng)德智體全面發(fā)展，能熟練運(yùn)用外語(yǔ)從事外事和文化交流工作的合格人才。

翻譯時(shí)先找主干：這所大學(xué)的任務(wù)是培養(yǎng)人才(The university aims to turn out qualified graduates)。譯文：The university aims to turn out qualified graduates that are all-roundly/well developed in morality, intellect and physique, and that are able to use proficiently foreign languages in foreign affairs and cultural exchanges.翻譯詞要根據(jù)具體情況，如“文明”一詞，文明小區(qū)“model”；講文明“politesse, manners”；（4）漢語(yǔ)中的題型“??是??” 兩種方法：“??，which??”或“it is??”

謀求和平與發(fā)展、加強(qiáng)對(duì)話(huà)與合作，是各國(guó)人民的普遍愿望。

It is the universal wish of all the nations to achieve peace and development and strengthen dialogues and cooperations.鞏固與東盟面向和平與繁榮的戰(zhàn)略伙伴關(guān)系，推進(jìn)互利互惠的全方位合作，是中國(guó)將長(zhǎng)期堅(jiān)持的基本外交政策。

China shall consolidate its strategic partnership with the ASEAN in the direction of peace and prosperity, and promote mutually benefiting cooperation in an all-round manner, which is China’s long-term and basic foreign policy.