第一篇：在全民健康覆蓋問題部長(zhǎng)級(jí)會(huì)議上的主旨發(fā)言：2015年后的挑戰(zhàn)

Keynote Address at the Ministerial Meeting on Universal Health Coverage: the

Post-2015 Challenge

在全民健康覆蓋問題部長(zhǎng)級(jí)會(huì)議上的主旨發(fā)言：2015年后的挑戰(zhàn)

Dr Margaret Chan, Director-General of the World Health Organization

世界衛(wèi)生組織總干事 陳馮富珍博士

Singapore, 10 February 2015 新加坡，2015年2月10日

Your Excellency, Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong, Minister Gan, honourable ministers, distinguished experts, colleagues in public health, ladies and gentlemen,李顯龍總理閣下、顏部長(zhǎng)閣下、尊貴的各位部長(zhǎng)、尊敬的各位專家、公共衛(wèi)生界的各位同事、女士們、先生們，It is a great honour to address a ministerial meeting on universal health coverage in Singapore, a city-state with an inclusive health system known for its affordable excellence.Last year, Bloomberg’s second annual ranking of countries with the most efficient health care placed Singapore at the top.我深表榮幸能在新加坡的這次全民健康覆蓋問題部長(zhǎng)級(jí)會(huì)議上發(fā)言，這個(gè)城市國(guó)家以其出色且負(fù)擔(dān)得起的包容性衛(wèi)生系統(tǒng)而聞名。去年，在彭博社關(guān)于衛(wèi)生保健最具成效的國(guó)家的第二次排名中，新加坡名列榜首。

WHO also places Singapore at the top for key health indicators, especially maternal and infant mortality, two of the most sensitive indicators of a well-functioning health system.Through foresighted and visionary planning, Singapore achieved first-rate health care, with outstanding health outcomes, at a cost lower than in any other high-income country in the world.世衛(wèi)組織也將新加坡排在關(guān)鍵衛(wèi)生指標(biāo)的前列，尤其是在孕產(chǎn)婦和嬰兒死亡率方面，這兩個(gè)指標(biāo)是運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)良好的衛(wèi)生系統(tǒng)的最敏感指標(biāo)。新加坡通過其高瞻遠(yuǎn)矚的規(guī)劃，實(shí)現(xiàn)了一流的衛(wèi)生保健，衛(wèi)生成果斐然可觀，而費(fèi)用則低于世界上任何其它高收入國(guó)家。

This achievement was firmly anchored in a value system that places a premium on fairness and inclusiveness as a route to social cohesion, stability, and harmony.此一成就是堅(jiān)實(shí)地奠定在這樣一種價(jià)值體系上，即把公正和包容性視為社會(huì)凝聚、穩(wěn)定與和諧之源。

Research guided individual strategies, but so did the wishes of the public, with opinion polls undertaken and conversations started to ensure that changes in the health system won public support and approval.研究工作引導(dǎo)具體戰(zhàn)略，但公眾的意愿也起到引導(dǎo)作用，民意調(diào)查和對(duì)話確保了衛(wèi)生系統(tǒng)的變革贏得公眾的支持和贊同。

As we have just heard, Singapore’s version of universal health coverage balances the advantages of competitiveness and other market forces with the need for state intervention to steer these forces in the right direction.It balances freedom to choose providers, services, and facilities with an obligatory health savings account, the MediSave plan, with its emphasis on individual responsibility.正如我們剛剛聽到的，新加坡的全民健康覆蓋模式，平衡了競(jìng)爭(zhēng)和其它市場(chǎng)力量與需要國(guó)家干預(yù)來引導(dǎo)這些力量保持正確方向二者之間的好處。它對(duì)選擇供應(yīng)商、服務(wù)和設(shè)施的自由與強(qiáng)制性健康儲(chǔ)蓄賬戶，即醫(yī)療儲(chǔ)蓄計(jì)劃作了平衡，后者強(qiáng)調(diào)了個(gè)人的責(zé)任。

There is no free lunch.The plan works to protect against the over-consumption of care.To help inform responsible decisions, the Ministry of Health publishes hospital bills for common illnesses on its website.世上沒有免費(fèi)的午餐。該計(jì)劃有效地防止了醫(yī)療的過度消費(fèi)。為幫助形成負(fù)責(zé)任的決定，衛(wèi)生部在其網(wǎng)站上公布了一般疾病的醫(yī)院賬單。

Another innovation, MediShield Life, embodies the principle of collective responsibility through risk pooling.This is the safety net.It protects households from falling into financial ruin when medical bills are especially high.Studies conducted by WHO show that catastrophic medical bills force 100 to 150 million people below the poverty line every year.While many governments are working hard to lift people out of poverty, these efforts can be offset when the health system and its financing actually contribute to poverty.另一項(xiàng)創(chuàng)新，即終身健康保險(xiǎn)，通過風(fēng)險(xiǎn)共擔(dān)，體現(xiàn)了集體責(zé)任的原則。這是一個(gè)安全網(wǎng)絡(luò)。它保護(hù)家庭在醫(yī)療花費(fèi)太高的情況下免于傾家蕩產(chǎn)。世衛(wèi)組織的研究表明，每年有1億到1.5億人因?yàn)?zāi)難性的醫(yī)療費(fèi)用跌至貧困線以下。許多政府正在大力幫助民眾脫貧，如果衛(wèi)生系統(tǒng)及其收費(fèi)實(shí)際上是在加劇貧困，則這些努力都將落空。

As Singapore’s Minister of Health observed earlier this year, the scheme tells people that they “need not face life’s uncertainties alone, especially those who meet unexpected shocks in their life journeys.”

正如新加坡衛(wèi)生部長(zhǎng)今年早些時(shí)候所言，該項(xiàng)計(jì)劃告訴民眾，他們“尤其是那些在生命旅途中遭遇意外變故的人，不會(huì)獨(dú)自面對(duì)生活中的不穩(wěn)定性?！?/p>

Of course, not all of these innovations can be applied elsewhere.UHC is intrinsically country-owned.To work well, it must be home grown in line with each country’s culture, domestic political institutions, the legacy of the existing health system, and the expectations of citizens.當(dāng)然，所有這些創(chuàng)新，并非在任何地方都適用。全民健康覆蓋本質(zhì)上是國(guó)家所有。要想行之有效，它必須根據(jù)每個(gè)國(guó)家的文化、國(guó)內(nèi)政治體制、現(xiàn)行衛(wèi)生系統(tǒng)的遺產(chǎn)和公民的期望因地制宜。

In achieving UHC, Singapore had some distinct advantages.The huge challenge of extending health services to reach remote and impoverished rural areas was non-existent.Singapore has only one rural area, a small island and tourist attraction.在實(shí)現(xiàn)全民健康覆蓋方面，新加坡有一些獨(dú)特的優(yōu)勢(shì)。不存在需要將衛(wèi)生服務(wù)擴(kuò)展到邊遠(yuǎn)和貧窮農(nóng)村地區(qū)的挑戰(zhàn)。新加坡只有一處農(nóng)村，是一個(gè)小島和旅游勝地。

A tradition of cross-ministry collaboration makes it easier to address the upstream causes of ill health through environmental improvements and the use of fiscal and regulatory measures to encourage healthy lifestyles.跨部門合作的傳統(tǒng)使之可以通過環(huán)境改善和采取財(cái)政和監(jiān)管措施來鼓勵(lì)健康的生活方式，從而解決健康不良的上游原因。

Singapore has also enjoyed political stability and a high level of public trust in government for decades.That helped as well.幾十年來，新加坡還保持了政治穩(wěn)定，政府的公信力極高。這也是很有幫助的。

With these advantages, UHC in Singapore has gone beyond providing and financing fair and inclusive health care.UHC in Singapore has worked as a strategy for building an inclusive, caring, and progressive society.These are assets for any country in the world.出于這些優(yōu)勢(shì)，全民健康覆蓋在新加坡不僅僅是提供公平和包容性的衛(wèi)生保健，并為之籌資。新加坡的全民健康覆蓋成為建設(shè)一個(gè)包容、關(guān)愛和進(jìn)步社會(huì)的戰(zhàn)略。這些對(duì)世界上任何國(guó)家都是一筆財(cái)富。

Ladies and gentlemen,女士們，先生們，Our world is in turmoil from multiple causes.The signs are there for anyone to see: fluctuating currencies, unstable economies, prolonged conflicts, ethnic clashes, and inexplicable acts of violence.Organized acts of terrorism are the newest omnipresent and unpredictable threat.我們的世界因多種原因而變亂不定。這方面的跡象有目共睹：貨幣波動(dòng)、經(jīng)濟(jì)動(dòng)蕩、曠日持久的沖突、種族糾紛、不可思議的暴力行為。有組織的恐怖主義活動(dòng)則是一種最新威脅，它無處不在，難以預(yù)料。

The climate is changing, antibiotics are failing, and health care costs are soaring.Inequalities, in income levels, opportunities, and access to social services, both within and between countries, have reached the highest levels seen in nearly a century.氣候變化，抗生素失靈，衛(wèi)生保健費(fèi)用扶搖直上。國(guó)家之內(nèi)和國(guó)家之間在收入水平、機(jī)會(huì)和獲取社會(huì)服務(wù)方面的不平等，已經(jīng)達(dá)到了近百年來曾未見過的最嚴(yán)重程度。

Countries are losing their middle classes, the backbone of democracy.Last month’s Oxfam report on wealth distribution contains a startling statistic: just 80 rich and powerful people own more of the world’s total wealth than 3.5 billion people at the other end of the scale.各國(guó)正在失去其作為民主制中堅(jiān)的中產(chǎn)階級(jí)。上個(gè)月樂施會(huì)關(guān)于財(cái)富分配問題的報(bào)告載有令人震驚的統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)字：僅僅80個(gè)有財(cái)有勢(shì)者，其在世界總財(cái)富中所占份額，就超過了底層的35億人。

Many economists take optimism from the fact that several of the world’s fastest growing economies are in Africa, often fuelled by foreign extractive industries.But if you look at income distribution within these countries, what we are really seeing is more and more rich countries full of poor people.許多經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家感到樂觀的是，世界上有若干增長(zhǎng)最迅速的經(jīng)濟(jì)體在非洲，它們背后往往是外國(guó)采掘工業(yè)在推波助瀾。但注意一下這些國(guó)家的國(guó)內(nèi)收入分配，我們不難看到，在這些越來越富裕的國(guó)家中，到處都是窮人。

An African medical blogger contrasted growths in GDP with weaknesses in health systems laid bare by the Ebola outbreak.He asked the following question.What good does it do to cover the ceiling of your house with golden paint when the walls and foundation have cracks?

一個(gè)非洲醫(yī)學(xué)博客拿國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值的增長(zhǎng)與埃博拉疫情顯露的衛(wèi)生系統(tǒng)的薄弱作出比較。他提出了如下問題：如果墻壁和地基都在坍塌，則在屋頂上描金敷彩，又有什么意義？

Decades of experience tell us that this world will not become a fair place for health all by itself.Health systems will not automatically gravitate towards greater equity or naturally evolve towards universal coverage.幾十年的經(jīng)驗(yàn)教訓(xùn)告訴我們，這個(gè)世界單憑自身，不會(huì)成為一個(gè)有利健康的公平場(chǎng)所。衛(wèi)生系統(tǒng)不會(huì)自動(dòng)傾向于更大程度的公平，或自然而然地演化出全民覆蓋。

Economic decisions within a country will not automatically protect the poor or promote their health.Globalization will not self-regulate in ways that ensure fair distribution of benefits.International trade agreements will not, by themselves, guarantee food security, or job security, or health security, or access to affordable medicines.國(guó)家內(nèi)的經(jīng)濟(jì)決策不會(huì)自動(dòng)去保護(hù)窮人或增加他們的財(cái)富。全球化不會(huì)自我調(diào)節(jié)，確保利益的公平分配。國(guó)際貿(mào)易協(xié)定本身，不會(huì)保障糧食安全、就業(yè)安全，衛(wèi)生安全，或獲取可負(fù)擔(dān)的醫(yī)藥。

All of these outcomes require deliberate policy decisions.所有這些成果都要求作出深思熟慮的政策決定。

Universal health coverage is one of the most powerful social equalizers among all policy options.It is the ultimate expression of fairness.If public health has something that can help our troubled, out-of-balance world, it is this: growing evidence that well-functioning and inclusive health systems contribute to social cohesion, equity, and stability.They hold societies together and help reduce social tensions.全民健康覆蓋是所有政策選項(xiàng)中最有力的一個(gè)社會(huì)平衡器。它是公正的終極表達(dá)。公共衛(wèi)生如果能對(duì)我們這個(gè)擾攘不斷的、失衡的世界有所幫助，那就在于：越來越多的證據(jù)顯示，運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)良好的包容性衛(wèi)生系統(tǒng)將促進(jìn)社會(huì)的凝聚、公平和穩(wěn)定。它們將社會(huì)聚攏在一起，幫助緩和了社會(huì)緊張局勢(shì)。

At a time when policies in so many sectors are actually increasing social inequalities, I would be delighted to see health lead the world towards greater fairness in ways that matter to each and every person on the planet.在如此之多部門的政策實(shí)際上正在加劇社會(huì)的不平等之時(shí)，我很高興能看到，衛(wèi)生以對(duì)地球上每個(gè)人都很重要的方式，引領(lǐng)世界走向更大的公平。Ladies and gentlemen,女士們，先生們，As the world enters the post-2015 era, it faces health challenges that are far more complex than they were at the start of this century.世界正在進(jìn)入2015年后時(shí)代，它所面臨的衛(wèi)生挑戰(zhàn)的復(fù)雜性，要遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超出本世紀(jì)初。

The sharp distinctions between health problems in wealthy and developing countries are dissolving.Everywhere, health is being shaped by the same universal pressures: the globalized marketing of unhealthy products, population ageing, and rapid urbanization.富國(guó)與發(fā)展中國(guó)家在衛(wèi)生困擾上的明顯差異正在消失。所有地方的衛(wèi)生工作都受到同樣的普遍壓力：不健康產(chǎn)品的全球化推銷、人口老齡化和迅速的城市化。

Our very definition of what constitutes socioeconomic progress is being challenged.我們關(guān)于社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)進(jìn)步為何的定義本身正在受到挑戰(zhàn)。

Beginning in the 19th century, improvements in hygiene and living conditions were followed by vast improvements in health status and life-expectancy.These environmental improvements aided the control of infectious diseases, totally vanquishing many major killers from modern societies.從十九世紀(jì)開始，伴隨衛(wèi)生和生活條件的改善，是健康狀況和預(yù)期壽命的巨大改善。這些環(huán)境改善幫助控制了傳染病，在現(xiàn)代社會(huì)徹底消滅了許多主要的致命疾病。

Today, the tables are turned.Instead of diseases vanishing as living conditions improve, socioeconomic progress is actually creating the conditions that favour the rise of noncommunicable diseases.Economic growth, modernization, and urbanization have opened wide the entry point for the spread of unhealthy lifestyles.如今，形勢(shì)急轉(zhuǎn)直下。疾病沒有隨生活條件的改善而消失，社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)進(jìn)步實(shí)際上正在造成有利于非傳染性疾病出現(xiàn)的條件。經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)、現(xiàn)代化和城市化為不健康生活方式的蔓延敞開了大門。

The ancient burden of deaths from infectious diseases has been joined by a newer burden of even more deaths from NCDs.Rapid unplanned urbanization has added a third burden: deaths from road traffic crashes and the mental disorders, substance abuse, and violence that thrive in impoverished urban settings.除過傳染病致死這一古已有之的負(fù)擔(dān)，新增了非傳染性疾病造成甚至更多死亡的負(fù)擔(dān)。迅速和無計(jì)劃的城市化加重了第三個(gè)負(fù)擔(dān)：道路交通事故和精神疾病、物質(zhì)濫用以及城市貧窮環(huán)境中迅速滋生的暴力行為造成的死亡。

The rise of NCDs adds considerably to the costs of health care.The costs of cancer care, for example, are becoming unaffordable for even the wealthiest countries in the world.In 2012, the US Food and Drug Administration approved 12 drugs for various cancer indications.Of these 12, 11 were priced above $100,000 per patient per year.How many countries can afford this cost?

非傳染性疾病的加劇導(dǎo)致衛(wèi)生保健成本大增。例如，甚至對(duì)世界上最富有的國(guó)家而言，癌癥護(hù)理的費(fèi)用也正在令人不堪重負(fù)。2012年，美國(guó)食品和藥物管理局為各種癌癥適應(yīng)癥批準(zhǔn)了12種藥物。在這12種藥物中，有11種 的價(jià)格超過每個(gè)病人每年10萬美元。有多少國(guó)家能夠負(fù)擔(dān)得起這筆費(fèi)用？

Prevention is by far the better option, but this, too, is more problematic than for infectious diseases, many of which can be prevented by vaccines or cured by medicines, all delivered by the health sector.迄今為止，預(yù)防是更好的選擇，但相對(duì)于預(yù)防傳染病，它也問題多多，許多傳染病是疫苗接種可以預(yù)防或藥物可以治愈的，而且它們均由衛(wèi)生部門提供。

The root causes of NCDs reside in non-health sectors.They escape the direct purview of health.When health policies cross purposes with the economic interests of sectors like trade or finance, economic interests will trample health concerns nearly every time.非傳染性疾病的根源在于非衛(wèi)生部門。它們不在衛(wèi)生部門的直接權(quán)限范圍之內(nèi)。當(dāng)衛(wèi)生政策與貿(mào)易或金融等部門的經(jīng)濟(jì)利益不一致時(shí)，幾乎每次都是經(jīng)濟(jì)利益踐踏健康方面的考慮。

Implementation of the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control is a notable exception.It provides one of the best examples of cross-ministry collaboration, driven by overwhelming evidence of the health and economic costs of tobacco use.執(zhí)行《世衛(wèi)組織煙草控制框架公約》是一個(gè)明顯的例外。它提供了跨部門合作的最佳范例之一，關(guān)于煙草適用的健康成本和經(jīng)濟(jì)成本的壓倒性證據(jù)激勵(lì)了這一合作。

It tells us that the health sector, working in tandem with others, can generate huge benefits.It can even tackle a powerful, devious, and dangerous industry on multiple fronts, including through fiscal and regulatory measures.它告訴我們，衛(wèi)生部門與其它部門攜手努力，可以產(chǎn)生巨大效益。它甚至可以在多條戰(zhàn)線，包括通過財(cái)政和監(jiān)管措施，對(duì)付一個(gè)有權(quán)有勢(shì)、陰險(xiǎn)狡猾和危險(xiǎn)的行業(yè)。

As yet another challenge in the post-2015 era, health and medical professionals in every region of the world are losing their first-line antimicrobials as drug resistance develops.In several cases, second-line medicines are failing as well.For some cases of multi-drug resistant tuberculosis and gonorrhoea, even last-resort antibiotics fail.2015年后時(shí)代的另一個(gè)挑戰(zhàn)是，隨著耐藥性的發(fā)展，世界每一地區(qū)的衛(wèi)生和醫(yī)療專業(yè)人員正在失去他們的一線抗菌素。在若干情況下，二線藥品也失靈了。在一些耐多藥結(jié)核病和淋病案例中，甚至作為最后手段的抗生素也失靈了。

With few replacement products in the pipeline, the world is moving towards a post-antibiotic era in which common infectious diseases will once again kill.A post-antibiotic era is a game-changer on a par with climate change.But antimicrobial resistance will kill us before climate change.由于正在開發(fā)的替代產(chǎn)品很少，世界正在走向后抗生素時(shí)代。在這個(gè)時(shí)代中，普通的傳染病將再次戕害生命。同氣候變化一樣，后抗生素時(shí)代也將改變游戲規(guī)則。但抗菌素耐藥性將先于氣候變化，將我們致于死地。

Ladies and gentlemen,女士們，先生們，I began with the strategies used by Singapore to achieve and sustain universal coverage.Let me conclude with the strategies used in a very different country: Bangladesh.我開頭講的是新加坡為實(shí)現(xiàn)和維持全民覆蓋所采用的戰(zhàn)略。讓我以一個(gè)迥然不同的國(guó)家采用的戰(zhàn)略作為結(jié)束：孟加拉國(guó)。

The Bangladeshi story shatters the long-held assumption that countries must first reduce poverty, then better health will follow almost automatically.Bangladesh decided to reverse the order by first freeing populations from the misery caused by ill health.孟加拉國(guó)的故事駁斥了人們長(zhǎng)期以來的假設(shè)，即國(guó)家必須首先減貧，則健康自然就會(huì)有所增進(jìn)。孟加拉國(guó)決定顛倒這個(gè)次序，先讓民眾免遭健康不良帶來的苦難。

Driven by a commitment to equity, the country aimed for universal coverage of its vast and very poor population with a package of high-impact interventions.To compensate for a severe shortage of doctors and nurses, the country trained and then closely supervised a brigade of community health workers, mostly women, who followed a doorstep-delivery approach.在實(shí)現(xiàn)公平的承諾的推動(dòng)下，該國(guó)的目標(biāo)是利用一整套影響力巨大的干預(yù)措施，對(duì)其為數(shù)眾多的非常貧窮的人口實(shí)現(xiàn)全民覆蓋。為彌補(bǔ)醫(yī)生護(hù)士的嚴(yán)重短缺，該國(guó)培訓(xùn)了一大批采取上門交付方式的社區(qū)保健人員，主要是女性，并對(duì)其進(jìn)行密切監(jiān)督。

The country also used its world-class research capacity to experiment with innovations.Formal and contractual arrangements were made with nongovernmental organizations that were best placed to win community trust and reach marginalized populations.Improvements in school enrolment, especially for girls, and in agriculture brought huge benefits for health.該國(guó)還利用其世界水平的研究能力進(jìn)行創(chuàng)新實(shí)驗(yàn)。與非政府組織作出正式的合同安排，這些組織最有可能贏得社區(qū)信任，抵達(dá)邊緣人群。入學(xué)率的提高，特別是農(nóng)村女孩入學(xué)率的提高，給健康帶來巨大的好處。

The efforts of Bangladesh were driven by another reality.When government health services fail to reach poor areas, private providers and shops selling medicines will mushroom.Charges for services from these unregulated and largely unqualified health care providers work to deepen poverty, not reduce it.To prevent this from happening, the government built and ran nearly 12,000 strategically located community clinics

另一種現(xiàn)實(shí)也是驅(qū)動(dòng)孟加拉國(guó)努力的因素。在貧困地區(qū)，當(dāng)政府的衛(wèi)生服務(wù)鞭長(zhǎng)莫及時(shí)，私人供應(yīng)商和出售藥品的商店就會(huì)蜂擁而起。這些不受管控且基本上無資質(zhì)的醫(yī)療保健提供者對(duì)服務(wù)的收費(fèi)，加劇而不是減少了貧窮。為防止這種情況發(fā)生，政府建立并管理了近1.2萬個(gè)位于戰(zhàn)略位置的社區(qū)醫(yī)務(wù)所。

Perhaps most important was the strong strategic bias towards women and girls.The approaches used explicitly recognized that empowered women will turn health into a nation-building strategy.或許最重要的是對(duì)婦女和女孩的強(qiáng)大戰(zhàn)略傾斜。所采用的方法明確承認(rèn)，能力增強(qiáng)后的婦女將使健康成為一項(xiàng)國(guó)家建設(shè)戰(zhàn)略。

Their needs, including for sexual and reproductive health services, came first.Their human rights were legally protected.That approach led to a stunning reversal in excessive mortality of girls compared with boys

她們的需要，包括對(duì)性健康和生殖健康服務(wù)的需要被擺在了首要位置。她們的人權(quán)得到了法律保護(hù)。伴隨這一方針，女孩的死亡率大大高于男孩的現(xiàn)象得到了顯著扭轉(zhuǎn)。

As we have learned from ample evidence, investing in health is investing in economic growth, investing in the health and well-being of people.Every country needs healthy human capacity to sustain development.Without this capacity, it is hard to even begin to talk about sustainable development.正如我們從充足的證據(jù)中所了解，投資于衛(wèi)生，就是投資于經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)，投資于人民的健康和福祉。每個(gè)國(guó)家要維持發(fā)展，都需要健康的人力資源。沒有這一能力，甚至很難開始談?wù)摽沙掷m(xù)發(fā)展。

The Singapore experience and all of the other experiences we have heard about give us one compelling message.Any country that really wants to move towards universal health coverage can do so.There are no excuses.新加坡的經(jīng)驗(yàn)和我們聽到的所有其它經(jīng)驗(yàn)，都傳遞了一個(gè)令人信服的信息。任何國(guó)家，只要真正希望實(shí)現(xiàn)全民健康覆蓋，都是可以做到的。不存在任何借口。

Health is likely one of the most precious commodities in life.But it is highly political and it requires investment.You need political leadership.You need commitment.And you need a conversation with the public, as has been done here in Singapore.I thank you for the opportunity to participate in this discussion.健康可能是生命中最寶貴的商品之一。但它是高度政治性的，而且還要投入資金。需要政治領(lǐng)導(dǎo)。需要承諾。需要與公眾對(duì)話，就像新加坡所做的那樣。感謝大家使我有機(jī)會(huì)參加這次討論。

Thank you.謝謝大家。

第二篇：何亞非副部長(zhǎng)在安理會(huì)索馬里海盜問題部長(zhǎng)級(jí)會(huì)議上的發(fā)言

主席先生，中國(guó)支持安理會(huì)就索馬里海盜問題召開高級(jí)別會(huì)議。今天的會(huì)議和剛才通過的決議再次充分顯示了國(guó)際社會(huì)團(tuán)結(jié)一致、堅(jiān)決打擊索馬里海盜的信心與決心，安理會(huì)發(fā)出的信號(hào)是積極、正確和及時(shí)的。

主席先生，索馬里海盜活動(dòng)日益猖獗，已成為一大國(guó)際公害，對(duì)國(guó)際航運(yùn)、海上貿(mào)易和海上安全構(gòu)成嚴(yán)重威脅。中國(guó)也 是索馬里海盜活動(dòng)的受害者之一。僅今年就有6艘中國(guó)籍或中方租用船只在索馬里海域被海盜劫持。至今仍有1艘船只、17名中國(guó)公民未被釋放。中國(guó)政府和廣大 民眾對(duì)此極為關(guān)切。

索馬里問題久拖不決對(duì)國(guó)際和平與安全構(gòu)成嚴(yán)重威脅，而索馬里海盜活動(dòng)日益猖獗進(jìn)一步加劇了索馬里的安 全局勢(shì)。安理會(huì)肩負(fù)著維護(hù)國(guó)際和平與安全的首要責(zé)任，今年以來已先后就打擊索馬里海盜通過了三項(xiàng)決議。中國(guó)歡迎國(guó)際社會(huì)就打擊索馬里海盜開展有效合作，支 持有關(guān)國(guó)家根據(jù)國(guó)際法和安理會(huì)決議派軍艦打擊索馬里海盜的努力，中國(guó)正積極考慮近期派軍艦赴亞丁灣、索馬里海域參加護(hù)航活動(dòng)。

主席先生，為進(jìn)一步打擊索馬里海盜行為，中方愿提出以下主張：

第一、發(fā)揮聯(lián)合國(guó)重要作用。打擊索馬里海盜行動(dòng)牽涉多方，只有通力合作，才能共克難關(guān)。在此方面，應(yīng)充分發(fā)揮聯(lián)合國(guó)，特別是安理會(huì)在維護(hù)國(guó)際和平與安全方面的核心作用，以有效協(xié)調(diào)各國(guó)打擊索馬里海盜的行動(dòng)。

第二、嚴(yán)格遵守國(guó)際法和安理會(huì)決議。這是有關(guān)行動(dòng)得到包括索馬里政府和人民在內(nèi)的國(guó)際社會(huì)普遍支持的 重要前提。國(guó)際社會(huì)應(yīng)在《聯(lián)合國(guó)海洋法公約》、安理會(huì)決議的基礎(chǔ)上開展合作。任何打擊海盜的行動(dòng)都應(yīng)嚴(yán)格遵守安理會(huì)決議的授權(quán)，尤其要充分尊重沿岸國(guó)主權(quán) 和領(lǐng)土完整，并事先征得索馬里過渡聯(lián)邦政府的同意。

第三、制定綜合性戰(zhàn)略。打擊索馬里海盜涉及政治、軍事、經(jīng)濟(jì)、外交、司法等各領(lǐng)域工作，是一項(xiàng)綜合、系統(tǒng)工程。要取得實(shí)效，就必須多軌并行、齊力推進(jìn)。同時(shí)還要根據(jù)形勢(shì)發(fā)展，確定并且調(diào)整不同時(shí)期的工作重點(diǎn)。

第四、幫助索馬里加強(qiáng)本國(guó)能力建設(shè)，并開展區(qū)域內(nèi)協(xié)作。索馬里海盜問題解決的關(guān)鍵歸根結(jié)底在索馬里政 府和人民。國(guó)際社會(huì)應(yīng)通過各種途徑幫助索馬里政府提高自身能力建設(shè)。以往有益實(shí)踐證明，區(qū)域合作也可發(fā)揮重要作用。中方歡迎紅海、亞丁灣和西印度洋沿岸國(guó) 家共同努力，通過區(qū)域安排應(yīng)對(duì)索馬里海盜問題。

主席先生，索馬里海盜現(xiàn)象不是孤立的。海盜猖獗只是索馬里政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)、社會(huì)、人道各方面深刻危機(jī)的表象。國(guó)際社 會(huì)要重視打擊索馬里海盜，更要重視鏟除海盜產(chǎn)生的根源。我們呼吁各方繼續(xù)推進(jìn)索馬里政治進(jìn)程，推動(dòng)切實(shí)落實(shí)《吉布提協(xié)議》。安理會(huì)應(yīng)正視索馬里政府和非盟 的強(qiáng)烈愿望，加強(qiáng)非盟索馬里特派團(tuán)，并盡快授權(quán)聯(lián)合國(guó)接管在索馬里維和行動(dòng)。同時(shí)，國(guó)際社會(huì)應(yīng)防止索馬里人道主義局勢(shì)進(jìn)一步惡化，并加大對(duì)索馬里基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施 和發(fā)展項(xiàng)目援助，助其早日恢復(fù)“造血”功能。中方愿繼續(xù)作出自己的努力。

謝謝主席先生。

Mr.President, China supports the holding of this high-level Security Council meeting on counter piracy off the coast of Somalia.This meeting and the resolution just adopted once again fully demonstrate the commitment and confidence of the international community to come together and fight against piracy.The signal sent by the Security Council is positive, right and timely.Mr.President, Piracy off the coast of Somalia has become increasingly rampant and is now an international menace posing a grave threat to international shipping, maritime trade and security at sea.China is also one of its victims.This year alone, a total of six vessels registered in or rented by China have been hijacked in the waters off the Somali coast.One vessel and 17 Chinese nationals have remained in captivity till today.This has aroused utmost concern from the Chinese Government and the general public.The long-term delay in settlement of the Somali issue is posing a serious threat to international peace and security, while the rampant piracy problem off the Somali coast has worsened the security situation in Somalia.In fulfilling its primary responsibility of upholding world peace and security, the Security Council has so far this year adopted three resolutions on this issue.China welcomes international cooperation in the fight against piracy off the coast of Somalia and supports the efforts of relevant countries to send warships to the region to crack down on pirates pursuant to Security Council resolutions.China is seriously considering sending naval ships to the Gulf of Aden and waters off the Somali coast for escorting operations in the near future.Mr.President, To step up the fight against piracy off the Somali coast, the Chinese side wishes to make the following proposals: First, give full play to the important role of the United Nations.Since fighting piracy in that region involves many different parties, the problem can only be resolved with concerted efforts from all.It is therefore crucial to allow the United Nations, especially its Security Council, to play its core role of maintaining world peace and security and effectively coordinate responses and actions.Second, strictly abide by international law and Security Council resolutions.This is an important prerequisite for there to be extensive support from the people of Somalia and the rest of the international community for relevant anti-piracy actions.The international community should cooperate on the basis of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea and the Security Council resolutions.All anti-piracy operations should be conducted in full compliance with the mandate of Security Council resolutions, and particularly with full respect for the sovereignty and territorial integrity of littoral countries and prior consent from the Transitional Federal Government of Somalia..Third, formulate an integrated strategy.Fighting piracy off the coast of Somalia is a comprehensive and systematic project as it involves efforts in the political, military, economic, diplomatic and judicial fields.Concerted efforts must be made on different tracks in order to achieve tangible results.In addition, priorities for different phases must be identified and redefined in light of the evolving situation.Fourth, help Somalia strengthen its own capacity building and carry out regional cooperation.The key to solving the issue of piracy lies with the government and people of Somalia.The international community should help the Somali Government to improve its capacity building through various channels.Useful practices in the past have proven that regional cooperation can play an important role.China welcomes concerted efforts to be made by the littoral countries of the Red Sea, the Gulf of Aden and the Western Indian Ocean to tackle the issue of piracy off the coast of Somalia through regional arrangements.Mr.President, Piracy off the coast of Somalia is not an isolated case.The surge of piracy is just a symptom of the profound political, economic, social and humanitarian crises that Somalia faces.The international community should take the fight against piracy seriously.But what is even more important is to remove the root causes of piracy.We call on all parties concerned to further advance the Somali political process and promote the implementation of the Djibouti Agreement in good faith.The Security Council should heed the strong desire of the Somali Government and the African Union, reinforce the African Union Mission to Somalia(AMISOM)and mandate the United Nations to take over peacekeeping operations in Somalia at an early date.In the meantime, the international community should work to prevent the humanitarian situation in Somalia from further deteriorating.It should also increase assistance to Somalia in infrastructure development and development projects so as to help it regain its “blood-generating” function.China will continue to make its contribution in this regard.Thank you, Mr.President.

第三篇：怎么在會(huì)議上發(fā)言

怎么在會(huì)議上發(fā)言（原文及譯文)

How to make comments in meetings

Almost everyone likes to express him/herself.Just look at the popularity of blogs.Making comments and/or criticism of what others say is a close second.In scholastic endeavors, One can write “l(fā)etters to the editor” to comment on published articles.Some journal even have “discussion” section following each article devoted to this purpose.More frequently, audience in a meeting are given Q&A time following the presentation of each paper in a session to let people comment on the paper.Aside from legitimate inquiries, making a comment serves other purposes:1It lets the reader to vent his/her anger or frustration.Or it shows support for the opinion expressed.This form is most prevalent in anonymous comments for blog articles.We won't dwell on them.It helps to illustrate further the content of the presentation for other reader and the audience

3Show off the knowledge and expertise of the commentator.#2 and #3 are legitimate goals and represent a large percentages of all comments but are rather difficult to carry out.Done carelessly, it backfires on the person making the comments and leavesa bad impression of him or her on the audience.Yet in many meetings, I continuously see people make such foolish remarks with the hope that they are impressing others(出風(fēng)頭).The point is that to accomplish either #2 or #3 requires that you understand completely the essence of what the author/presenter is trying to say BUT the presenter is lacking the skill to convey the content.You on the other hand, know a better way of making the point and can do it orally in no more than a couple of sentences(一針見血).This is a task not easily done in real time nor can it be done for every presentation.But if done properly, both the author and the audience will be impressed by and grateful to you.What I recommend for young scholars eager to make a name for himself is to practice silently what I said in the above paragraph for each presentation you attend in a meeting(but don't actually do it).This practice has many virtues other than making you known.First it forces you to cut away all kinds of noise and chaff and get at the essence of a paper/presentation quickly.In these days of information overload, to be able to quickly decide the relevance of an item is a big

advantage.Second.To be able to re-organize a presentation in real time gives you practice to react quickly to questions and comments on your own presentation when

the time comes.Thirdly, to be able to be brief and to-the-point is a skill worth cultivating in your career.Lastly, to sense what others wanted to but was not able to convey and say it clearly and succinctly for him is the mark of a good listener/speaker.In short, I am not recommending that you get up and comment on every

paper/presentation you attend(for you will become a bore very quickly), but listen to every presentation as if you are going to with the italicized paragraph above in mind.Most of us will only have a few truly good ideas in life.The above recommended practice will help you to publicize your ideas when the time comes.Let me recall a personal incident years ago at a meeting in the US.An English speaker came with a set of transparencies in French(this is before the days of PPT and LCD projectors).His excuse is that he had just gave the presentation in Paris and it is “convenient” for him(i.e., he is lazy)to use the same transparencies even though he will be speaking in English to an English speaking audience.My reaction is that this is either disrespect for the audience or he wants to show off his knowledge of the French language.Either case is inappropriate.So I waited until the Q&A period, stood up, and said(in Chinese followed with translations of course)“ I asked the question in Chinese because it is more “convenient” for me to do so.”This brought down the house and I received a standing ovation.I may have made an enemy but won many friends in the mean time.Although this is a non-technical example, it does illustrate the point I am trying to make concerning “Making comments

怎么在會(huì)議上發(fā)言？

很少有人不喜歡表達(dá)自己。只要看看博客的流行程度你就知道了。每時(shí)每刻都有人在評(píng)論或者批評(píng)別人的文章。在學(xué)術(shù)工作中，你可以通過寫 “ 編讀往來 ” 來評(píng)論已經(jīng)發(fā)表的文章。一些期刊甚至在每篇文章后面都專設(shè)了“討論”部分，目的也在于此。而更常見的情況是，會(huì)議聽眾在每篇論文報(bào)告后的問答時(shí)間里有機(jī)會(huì)就報(bào)告的內(nèi)容發(fā)表評(píng)論。發(fā)表評(píng)論除了提出一些合理的問題外，還有其他一些目的：．讀者可以借機(jī)宣泄自己的憤怒或挫折感，也可以表達(dá)對(duì)作者觀點(diǎn)的支持。這種形式在博客的匿名評(píng)論中最為普遍。我們這里暫且不談。．它有助于向其他讀者和聽眾進(jìn)一步闡明講話的內(nèi)容。．炫耀評(píng)論人自己的知識(shí)和專業(yè)水平。

第二點(diǎn)和第三點(diǎn)都是無可非議的，在所有的評(píng)論中，這兩者占了大多數(shù)，不過，要實(shí)現(xiàn)

起來還是有相當(dāng)?shù)碾y度。評(píng)論者一不留心就會(huì)事與愿違，給其他聽眾留下壞印象。然而在許多會(huì)議上，我還是不斷看到有人因?yàn)橄氤鲲L(fēng)頭而作出愚蠢的評(píng)論。

我想說的是，要實(shí)現(xiàn)第二點(diǎn)或者第三點(diǎn)，你必須完全理解作者或報(bào)告人想表述但卻因缺乏相應(yīng)技巧而無法傳達(dá)給讀者的問題本質(zhì)。另一方面，你還要比報(bào)告人表達(dá)得更好，能夠通過口頭表達(dá)就一針見血地闡明問題。當(dāng)時(shí)立即要實(shí)現(xiàn)這一切并不是件容易的事情，而且也不是每個(gè)報(bào)告都可以進(jìn)行這樣的評(píng)論。但是，如果你做得恰如其分，就會(huì)給作者或者聽眾留下深刻的印象，而且他們會(huì)為此感謝你。

我建議那些非常希望盡快打出名氣的年輕學(xué)者們，在參加每次會(huì)議報(bào)告時(shí)，都默默地按照我在上一段中所說的實(shí)踐一下（但不是實(shí)際去做）。這種訓(xùn)練除了能讓你成名外，還有其他好處。首先，它迫使你排除各種干擾，迅速弄清論文或報(bào)告的本質(zhì)。在當(dāng)前這個(gè)信息過剩的時(shí)代，如果你能迅速?zèng)Q定信息的相關(guān)性就會(huì)占有很大的優(yōu)勢(shì)。其次，如果你能夠邊聽邊整理報(bào)告，就有機(jī)會(huì)在自己作報(bào)告時(shí)，對(duì)別人的提問和評(píng)論作出快速反應(yīng)。再次，簡(jiǎn)明扼地表達(dá)自己是非常值得努力掌握的職業(yè)技巧。最后，如果您能夠感覺到別人想說卻說不明白的內(nèi)容，然后言簡(jiǎn)意賅地替他表達(dá)出來，這表明你是一個(gè)很好的聽眾或演講人。

簡(jiǎn)而言之，我不是在建議你站起來對(duì)每篇論文或每個(gè)報(bào)告評(píng)論一番（因?yàn)檫@樣做你很快就會(huì)討人厭），而是，把上面斜體段落的內(nèi)容銘記于心，在傾聽每個(gè)報(bào)告的時(shí)候就好像你真的要發(fā)表評(píng)論似的。

大多數(shù)人終其一生也不過只有為數(shù)不多的幾個(gè)真正好的想法。上文建議的練習(xí)方法會(huì)幫助你在機(jī)會(huì)終于降臨的時(shí)候，把自己的想法推銷出去。

我回憶起多年前在美國(guó)的一次會(huì)議上親身經(jīng)歷。一位講英語的人使用了一套法語玻璃幻燈片（這是在 PPT 和液晶投影儀之前的用具）。他的理由是他剛剛在巴黎做了這個(gè)報(bào)告，盡管他是用英語演講，而且下面的聽眾也講的是英語，他用同樣的幻燈片比較 “ 方便 ” 一些（也就是說他很懶）。我當(dāng)時(shí)的反應(yīng)是要么此人對(duì)聽眾不尊重，要么他想炫耀自己的法語。但無論如何這么做都是不恰當(dāng)?shù)摹Ｒ虼耍业鹊絾柎饡r(shí)間的時(shí)候站了起來（先用中文然后用英語翻譯了一下），我說： “ 我用中文問問題因?yàn)檫@對(duì)我而言更 ‘ 方便 '?！?我的舉動(dòng)博得了滿堂喝彩，大家起立為我鼓掌。也許這樣做我多了一個(gè)敵人，但同時(shí)贏得了許多的朋友。

盡管這是一個(gè)非專業(yè)性的例子，但它確實(shí)能夠說明我在“如何發(fā)言”這個(gè)問題上想要表達(dá)的觀點(diǎn)。（科學(xué)網(wǎng) 任霄鵬譯 何姣校）

第四篇：溫家寶在中阿合作論壇第四屆部長(zhǎng)級(jí)會(huì)議開幕式上的主旨演講

溫家寶在中阿合作論壇第四屆部長(zhǎng)級(jí)會(huì)議開幕式上的主

旨演講

時(shí)間:2010年05月14日 08時(shí)04分來源:人民日?qǐng)?bào)作者:溫家寶

字號(hào)：『 大字體 中字體 小字體 』

深化全面合作 實(shí)現(xiàn)共同發(fā)展

——在中阿合作論壇第四屆部長(zhǎng)級(jí)會(huì)議開幕式上的主旨演講

中華人民共和國(guó)國(guó)務(wù)院總理 溫家寶

（２０１０年５月１３日 天津）

尊敬的卡塔爾首相兼外交大臣哈馬德閣下，尊敬的各位部長(zhǎng)、阿盟秘書長(zhǎng)、各位使節(jié)，女士們，先生們：

半年前，在我訪問埃及時(shí)，應(yīng)邀在阿盟總部發(fā)表演講，阿拉伯人民的友好情誼至今令我記憶猶新。今天，作為東道主，我們以兄弟般的熱情，歡迎各位阿拉伯朋友來華出席中阿合作論壇第四屆部長(zhǎng)級(jí)會(huì)議，共商中阿關(guān)系發(fā)展大計(jì)，正式確立中阿全面合作、共同發(fā)展的戰(zhàn)略合作關(guān)系。我謹(jǐn)代表中國(guó)政府，對(duì)會(huì)議的召開表示熱烈祝賀，并預(yù)祝會(huì)議取得圓滿成功。

中阿合作論壇的成立，是中國(guó)與阿拉伯國(guó)家著眼２１世紀(jì)雙方關(guān)系長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)發(fā)展作出的戰(zhàn)略選擇，是中國(guó)與發(fā)展中國(guó)家加強(qiáng)集體對(duì)話與合作的重大舉措。六年來，中阿合作論壇機(jī)制不斷完善，在雙方關(guān)系中發(fā)揮著越來越重要的引領(lǐng)作用。論壇每年都舉辦形式多樣、內(nèi)容充實(shí)的活動(dòng)，推動(dòng)

了中國(guó)同阿拉伯世界全方位交流與合作，得到各國(guó)政府和人民的重視與好評(píng)。實(shí)踐證明，中阿合作論壇的建立，極大地促進(jìn)了雙邊關(guān)系發(fā)展，推動(dòng)了雙方各領(lǐng)域合作。

政治互信進(jìn)一步增強(qiáng)。近年來，雙方高層互訪頻繁，相互理解加深。中方更加堅(jiān)定地支持阿拉伯國(guó)家探索符合自身實(shí)際的發(fā)展道路，更加積極地促進(jìn)中東和平進(jìn)程和阿拉伯國(guó)家恢復(fù)合法民族權(quán)利的正義事業(yè)。阿拉伯國(guó)家也在涉及臺(tái)灣、西藏、新疆等關(guān)乎中國(guó)核心利益的問題上給予中方大力支持，在中國(guó)人民遭受汶川、玉樹地震等自然災(zāi)害時(shí)提供無私援助。中國(guó)與阿拉伯兩個(gè)偉大民族的心日益緊密地聯(lián)結(jié)在一起。

經(jīng)貿(mào)往來更加密切。我們多次舉行中阿企業(yè)家大會(huì)暨投資研討會(huì)、中阿能源合作大會(huì)，推動(dòng)雙方經(jīng)貿(mào)合作實(shí)現(xiàn)跨越式發(fā)展。論壇成立短短幾年間，雙方貿(mào)易額從２００４年的３６４億美元攀升至２００９年的１０７４億美元，相互直接投資累計(jì)從１１億美元增加到５５億美元，工程承包合作累計(jì)完成營(yíng)業(yè)額從１３５億美元提高到７００億美元。在國(guó)際金融危機(jī)的嚴(yán)峻形勢(shì)下，中阿經(jīng)貿(mào)合作繼續(xù)向前發(fā)展，充分顯示了雙方經(jīng)濟(jì)的巨大互補(bǔ)性和廣闊的發(fā)展前景。

人文交流日趨活躍。我們共同舉辦中阿文明對(duì)話研討會(huì)、中阿友好大會(huì)、中阿新聞合作論壇，互辦文化節(jié)，中國(guó)中央電視臺(tái)開通阿拉伯語頻道，這些極大地增進(jìn)了雙方人民的相互了解和友誼。中國(guó)的“孔子學(xué)院”走入越來越多的阿拉伯國(guó)家，為阿拉伯人民、特別是青年一代打開了認(rèn)知中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化和現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)的大門。

中阿合作論壇雖然剛剛迎來第６個(gè)年頭，但新中國(guó)與阿拉伯國(guó)家開啟友好關(guān)系已經(jīng)進(jìn)入第６個(gè)十年。在半個(gè)多世紀(jì)的崢嶸歲月里，中阿人民共同經(jīng)受了爭(zhēng)取民族獨(dú)立、捍衛(wèi)國(guó)家主權(quán)的斗爭(zhēng)洗禮，共同經(jīng)歷了探索發(fā)展道路、實(shí)現(xiàn)民族復(fù)興的曲折艱辛，共同走過了推動(dòng)建立公正、合理的國(guó)際政治經(jīng)濟(jì)新秩序的漫長(zhǎng)歷程。一路風(fēng)雨同行，始終患難與共，中阿人民凝聚了深厚友情，加深了相互理解，創(chuàng)造了共同財(cái)富。中阿關(guān)系的歷史昭示我們，只有相互尊重，平等相待，才能保持雙方政治關(guān)系健康發(fā)展；只有相互借鑒，兼容并蓄，才能促進(jìn)中阿文明和諧發(fā)展；只有真誠(chéng)合作，互利共贏，才能推動(dòng)中阿經(jīng)濟(jì)共同發(fā)展。從自身實(shí)踐中得來的經(jīng)驗(yàn)是最珍貴的，我們要倍加珍惜，永遠(yuǎn)銘記。

女士們，先生們，過去的兩年，世界經(jīng)歷了國(guó)際金融危機(jī)的嚴(yán)重沖擊和嚴(yán)峻考驗(yàn)。在國(guó)際社會(huì)的共同努力下，世界經(jīng)濟(jì)正在緩慢復(fù)蘇，但基礎(chǔ)并不牢固。一些國(guó)家主權(quán)債務(wù)危機(jī)還在加深，主要經(jīng)濟(jì)體失業(yè)率居高不下，國(guó)際大宗商品價(jià)格高位振蕩，貿(mào)易保護(hù)主義明顯抬頭。我們決不能低估這場(chǎng)危機(jī)的嚴(yán)重性、復(fù)雜性，及其對(duì)世界政治經(jīng)濟(jì)的深遠(yuǎn)影響。要始終保持清醒頭腦，冷靜觀察、沉著應(yīng)對(duì)、相互支持，努力消除影響世界經(jīng)濟(jì)可持續(xù)復(fù)蘇的各種障礙。同時(shí)要看到，這場(chǎng)百年一遇的國(guó)際金融危機(jī)正推動(dòng)世界政治經(jīng)濟(jì)格局的大調(diào)整、大變革。國(guó)際力量對(duì)比出現(xiàn)深刻變化，大國(guó)關(guān)系醞釀深刻調(diào)整，國(guó)際治理體系面臨深刻變革，世界經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)孕育深刻轉(zhuǎn)型。變革孕育著希望，機(jī)遇伴隨著挑戰(zhàn)。在世界面臨歷史轉(zhuǎn)變的關(guān)鍵時(shí)刻，一切有遠(yuǎn)見卓識(shí)的政治家必須高瞻遠(yuǎn)矚，審時(shí)度勢(shì)，顧全大局，精誠(chéng)合作，推動(dòng)人類和平、發(fā)展與進(jìn)步的車輪繼續(xù)向前。

——要積極營(yíng)造一個(gè)和平穩(wěn)定的國(guó)際環(huán)境，為世界經(jīng)濟(jì)全面穩(wěn)定復(fù)蘇奠定堅(jiān)實(shí)的政治基礎(chǔ)。中國(guó)人民從自己的切身經(jīng)歷中深深懂得，沒有和平穩(wěn)定的環(huán)境，發(fā)展無從談起。國(guó)際社會(huì)應(yīng)大力倡導(dǎo)以和為貴的理念，繼續(xù)弘揚(yáng)同舟共濟(jì)、共克時(shí)艱的精神。要恪守聯(lián)合國(guó)憲章的宗旨和原則，反對(duì)粗暴侵犯和干涉別國(guó)主權(quán)與內(nèi)政；要堅(jiān)持以和平方式解決國(guó)際和地區(qū)爭(zhēng)端，反對(duì)動(dòng)輒訴諸武力或以武力相威脅。要加強(qiáng)不同文明之間的對(duì)話與交流，增進(jìn)相互理解和包容，反對(duì)一切形式的恐怖主義、極端勢(shì)力和暴力活動(dòng)，反對(duì)將恐怖主義與特定民族和宗教掛鉤。要推進(jìn)多邊主義和國(guó)際關(guān)系民主化，反對(duì)少數(shù)國(guó)家壟斷國(guó)際事務(wù)。中國(guó)政府真誠(chéng)希望，有關(guān)沖突地區(qū)和國(guó)家通過友好協(xié)商，盡快化解糾紛，平息動(dòng)蕩，消弭戰(zhàn)亂，早日走上民族振興、聯(lián)合自強(qiáng)的道路。

——要推進(jìn)國(guó)際經(jīng)濟(jì)和金融體系改革，加快建立公正、合理的國(guó)際經(jīng)濟(jì)金融新秩序。這次國(guó)際金融危機(jī)的教訓(xùn)是深刻的。國(guó)際社會(huì)應(yīng)正本清源，對(duì)癥下藥，從引發(fā)危機(jī)的源頭上加強(qiáng)治理。

探索建立更為有效的世界經(jīng)濟(jì)治理機(jī)制，推動(dòng)各方更加廣泛參與，充分照顧各方的利益和關(guān)切。要堅(jiān)定不移地推進(jìn)國(guó)際金融體系改革，完善國(guó)際金融機(jī)構(gòu)決策程序和機(jī)制，加強(qiáng)國(guó)際金融監(jiān)管合作。必須旗幟鮮明地反對(duì)形形色色的保護(hù)主義，堅(jiān)決倡導(dǎo)和支持自由貿(mào)易，推動(dòng)多哈回合談判早日達(dá)成更加合理、平衡的結(jié)果。解決好各國(guó)自身的經(jīng)濟(jì)問題，是承擔(dān)更大國(guó)際責(zé)任的前提和基礎(chǔ)，主要經(jīng)濟(jì)體應(yīng)切實(shí)改變低儲(chǔ)蓄高消費(fèi)的發(fā)展模式，強(qiáng)化金融監(jiān)管，抑制過度投機(jī)。中國(guó)將堅(jiān)定不移地實(shí)施互利共贏的開放戰(zhàn)略，把擴(kuò)大內(nèi)需作為長(zhǎng)期戰(zhàn)略方針，堅(jiān)持實(shí)行貿(mào)易投資自由化便利化政策，廣泛開展多種形式的國(guó)際經(jīng)濟(jì)合作與交流，致力于在國(guó)際經(jīng)濟(jì)體系中發(fā)揮建設(shè)性作用?！涌鞂?shí)現(xiàn)千年發(fā)展目標(biāo)，努力縮小南北差距。世界經(jīng)濟(jì)最根本的失衡是發(fā)展的不平衡，受國(guó)際金融危機(jī)沖擊最大的是發(fā)展中國(guó)家，克服國(guó)際金融危機(jī)不利影響困難最多的也是發(fā)展中國(guó)家。如果廣大發(fā)展中國(guó)家繼續(xù)貧困下去，世界的和平與發(fā)展事業(yè)將受到嚴(yán)重威脅。國(guó)際社會(huì)應(yīng)把更多目光和關(guān)愛投向貧困地區(qū)和貧困人口，切實(shí)幫助發(fā)展中國(guó)家保持金融穩(wěn)定和經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)，發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家尤其要承擔(dān)起應(yīng)盡的義務(wù)。應(yīng)尊重和支持發(fā)展中國(guó)家走適合本國(guó)國(guó)情的發(fā)展道路，探索有利于本國(guó)發(fā)展和消除貧困的發(fā)展模式。中國(guó)將一如既往地為發(fā)展中國(guó)家提供力所能及、真誠(chéng)無私、不附加任何條件的援助。中國(guó)在聯(lián)合國(guó)千年發(fā)展目標(biāo)高級(jí)別會(huì)議上向世界作出了莊嚴(yán)承諾，我們一定言必信，行必果，絕不會(huì)讓廣大發(fā)展中國(guó)家失望。

——要努力維護(hù)能源安全和積極應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化，促進(jìn)世界經(jīng)濟(jì)可持續(xù)發(fā)展。國(guó)際能源價(jià)格大幅震蕩，直接影響世界經(jīng)濟(jì)穩(wěn)定和繁榮。國(guó)際社會(huì)應(yīng)樹立互利合作、多元發(fā)展、協(xié)同保障的新能源安全觀。尊重有關(guān)國(guó)家利用能源資源促進(jìn)自身發(fā)展的權(quán)利。加強(qiáng)能源出口國(guó)和消費(fèi)國(guó)的對(duì)話和溝通，強(qiáng)化國(guó)際能源政策磋商和協(xié)調(diào)，滿足各國(guó)發(fā)展對(duì)能源的正常需求。深入開展能源開發(fā)領(lǐng)域的合作，鼓勵(lì)能源產(chǎn)業(yè)投資，保持能源供求基本平衡和合理的國(guó)際能源價(jià)格。攜手維護(hù)能源生產(chǎn)國(guó)的局勢(shì)穩(wěn)定，抑制市場(chǎng)過度投機(jī)，保持國(guó)際能源市場(chǎng)正常秩序。要著眼應(yīng)對(duì)全球氣候變化，全面加強(qiáng)先進(jìn)能源技術(shù)的研發(fā)推廣，促進(jìn)各國(guó)提高能源節(jié)約能力、利用水平和使用效率，大力開發(fā)清潔和可再生能源。國(guó)際社會(huì)要恪守“共同但有區(qū)別的責(zé)任”原則，在堅(jiān)持《聯(lián)合國(guó)氣候變化框

架公約》、《京都議定書》和“巴厘路線圖”的基礎(chǔ)上，鞏固和深化《哥本哈根協(xié)議》達(dá)成的重要共識(shí)，繼續(xù)推進(jìn)應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化歷史進(jìn)程。中國(guó)將加大節(jié)約能源力度，通過不懈努力，實(shí)現(xiàn)到２０２０年單位國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值二氧化碳排放比２００５年下降４０％－４５％的目標(biāo)，為維護(hù)世界能源安全和應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化做出積極貢獻(xiàn)。

女士們，先生們，歷經(jīng)滄桑巨變，中國(guó)與阿拉伯國(guó)家站在了新的歷史起點(diǎn)上。中阿兩大民族曾經(jīng)有過輝煌的過去，我們也一定能夠通過不懈努力，贏得新的榮耀和尊嚴(yán)。面對(duì)國(guó)際格局的深刻演變，中阿雙方的共識(shí)在增多，共同利益在增加，相互需求在增強(qiáng)。全面提升中阿各領(lǐng)域關(guān)系，符合雙方人民的根本利益，也有利于世界和平與發(fā)展。中國(guó)愿同阿拉伯國(guó)家一道，秉持和平、發(fā)展、合作理念，把雙方關(guān)系不斷推向前進(jìn)。

我們要大力加強(qiáng)戰(zhàn)略協(xié)作。密切高層交往和戰(zhàn)略磋商，交流治國(guó)理政和發(fā)展經(jīng)驗(yàn)，增進(jìn)雙方政治互信。在涉及各自核心利益問題上相互支持，在重大國(guó)際和地區(qū)事務(wù)中相互配合，共同應(yīng)對(duì)重大全球性問題。中方重申將繼續(xù)支持“阿拉伯和平倡議”，愿同阿方及國(guó)際社會(huì)一道，推動(dòng)中東問題早日得到全面、公正、合理解決。

我們要全面拓展經(jīng)貿(mào)合作。雙方應(yīng)積極擴(kuò)大貿(mào)易規(guī)模，規(guī)范貿(mào)易秩序，優(yōu)化貿(mào)易結(jié)構(gòu)。中方愿繼續(xù)穩(wěn)定與阿拉伯國(guó)家的石油、天然氣及其產(chǎn)品貿(mào)易，擴(kuò)大進(jìn)口阿方非石油產(chǎn)品，同時(shí)增加向阿方出口附加值更高的機(jī)電產(chǎn)品、高新技術(shù)產(chǎn)品；繼續(xù)鼓勵(lì)有實(shí)力的企業(yè)赴阿拉伯國(guó)家投資興業(yè)，帶動(dòng)當(dāng)?shù)亟?jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展，也歡迎更多阿方企業(yè)來華發(fā)展。中方愿意推進(jìn)雙方基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)合作，支持雙方企業(yè)參與電力、鐵路、公路等項(xiàng)目建設(shè)，深化在油氣上下游一體化領(lǐng)域的合作；拓展雙方金融領(lǐng)域的合作，加強(qiáng)在環(huán)保、防治沙漠化等領(lǐng)域的合作與對(duì)話。

我們要積極開展人文交流與合作。阿拉伯有句諺語：“一棵無花果樹看著另一棵無花果樹，就變得碩果累累”。中華文明與阿拉伯、伊斯蘭文明加強(qiáng)對(duì)話與交流，相互學(xué)習(xí)和借鑒，可以使

本民族的文化更加豐富多彩，更加繁榮興盛。中國(guó)歡迎雙方舉辦展覽、文藝演出、文化日和文化周等活動(dòng)，共同辦好今年即將在北京和上海舉辦的第二屆阿拉伯藝術(shù)節(jié)。鼓勵(lì)雙方互派更多留學(xué)生，在中國(guó)大力推廣阿拉伯語教學(xué)，增加有阿語教學(xué)院校的數(shù)量。中方將在未來三年內(nèi)，每年為阿方培訓(xùn)１０００名各類人員。支持雙方企業(yè)建立旅游投資項(xiàng)目，歡迎尚未列入中國(guó)公民境外旅游目的地的阿拉伯國(guó)家提出申請(qǐng)。雙方還要鼓勵(lì)翻譯、出版對(duì)方的優(yōu)秀文藝作品。通過開展上述活動(dòng)，使中阿友好深入人心，世代相傳。

女士們，先生們，２０００多年前的古絲綢之路，曾經(jīng)成為聯(lián)結(jié)中阿人民友誼的紐帶，給中國(guó)和阿拉伯世界帶來和平與繁榮。面向未來，讓我們攜起手來，沿著歷史的足跡，順應(yīng)時(shí)代的潮流，朝著持久和平與繁榮興旺的光明之路繼續(xù)前進(jìn)。

謝謝大家！

第五篇：胡錦濤在APEC人力資源開發(fā)部長(zhǎng)級(jí)會(huì)議上的致辭（范文模版）

胡錦濤在APEC人力資源開發(fā)部長(zhǎng)級(jí)會(huì)議上的致辭

2010年9月16日上午，第五屆亞太經(jīng)合組織人力資源開發(fā)部長(zhǎng)級(jí)會(huì)議在北京人民大會(huì)堂隆重開幕。國(guó)家主席胡錦濤出席開幕式并發(fā)表致辭，以下為講話全文：

深化交流合作 實(shí)現(xiàn)包容性增長(zhǎng)

——在第五屆亞太經(jīng)合組織人力資源開發(fā)部長(zhǎng)級(jí)會(huì)議上的致辭 中國(guó)國(guó)家主席 胡錦濤 2010年9月16日

Deepen Exchanges and Cooperation for Inclusive Growth--Address by President Hu Jintao At the Fifth APEC Human Resources Development Ministerial Meeting

September 16, 2010

女士們，先生們：

Ladies and Gentlemen，今天，來自亞太經(jīng)合組織各成員的朋友們齊聚北京，參加第五屆亞太經(jīng)合組織人力資源開發(fā)部長(zhǎng)級(jí)會(huì)議。這次會(huì)議的主題是“開發(fā)人力資源、大力促進(jìn)就業(yè)、實(shí)現(xiàn)包容性增長(zhǎng)”。首先，我謹(jǐn)代表中國(guó)政府和人民，對(duì)會(huì)議的召開表示熱烈的祝賀！對(duì)與會(huì)各位代表表示誠(chéng)摯的歡迎！

Today, friends from the APEC member economies are gathering in Beijing for the Fifth APEC Human Resources Development Ministerial Meeting.The theme of the meeting is “Developing Human Resources, Vigorously Promoting Employment and Realizing Inclusive Growth”.First of all, I wish to extend, on behalf of the Chinese government and people, warm congratulations on the opening of the meeting and sincere welcome to all delegates.亞太地區(qū)是全球最具發(fā)展活力和潛力的地區(qū)之一，21個(gè)成員的經(jīng)濟(jì)總量占世界經(jīng)濟(jì)總量近60%，在世界經(jīng)濟(jì)格局中具有重要地位和作用。經(jīng)過21年的發(fā)展，亞太經(jīng)合組織已成為亞太地區(qū)機(jī)制最完善、層級(jí)最高的經(jīng)濟(jì)合作組織之一。

The Asia-Pacific region is among the world's most dynamic regions with the greatest development potential.It has an important place and role in the world economy, with the 21 APEC member economies making up nearly 60% of total global economic output.After 21 years of development, APEC has become an economic cooperation organization in the Asia-Pacific region that has the most full-fledged institutions and attracts the highest level of participation.國(guó)際金融危機(jī)的發(fā)生和應(yīng)對(duì)使我們更加深刻地認(rèn)識(shí)到，在經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化深入發(fā)展的今天，要推動(dòng)世界經(jīng)濟(jì)可持續(xù)增長(zhǎng)、有效應(yīng)對(duì)世界經(jīng)濟(jì)面臨的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和挑戰(zhàn)，各國(guó)各地區(qū)必須加強(qiáng)交流合作，協(xié)力解決經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展中的深層次、結(jié)構(gòu)性問題。2009年亞太經(jīng)合組織第十七次領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人非正式會(huì)議就包容性增長(zhǎng)達(dá)成共識(shí)，提出要更好抓住經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化帶來的機(jī)遇、更好應(yīng)對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化帶來的挑戰(zhàn)，創(chuàng)造就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)，造福廣大民眾。實(shí)現(xiàn)包容性增長(zhǎng)，切實(shí)解決經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展中出現(xiàn)的社會(huì)問題，為推進(jìn)貿(mào)易和投資自由化、實(shí)現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟(jì)長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)發(fā)展奠定堅(jiān)實(shí)社會(huì)基礎(chǔ)，這是亞太經(jīng)合組織各成員需要共同研究和著力解決的重大課題。

In the wake of the international financial crisis and based on our experience in dealing with the crisis, we have become more acutely aware of one thing.In an era of deepening economic globalization, if we want to ensure sustained global economic growth and effectively tackle the risks and challenges faced by the world economy, all countries and regions must strengthen exchanges and cooperation and work together to address the underlying, structural issues in economic development.The 17th APEC Economic Leaders' Meeting in 2009 reached consensus on inclusive growth, and highlighted the importance of seizing the opportunities brought by economic globalization to better meet the challenges of economic globalization and create job opportunities for the benefit of our people.To realize inclusive growth, to resolve the social issues emerging from economic development and to lay a solid social foundation for trade promotion, investment facilitation and long-term economic development are all major topics that we, the APEC member economies, need to work on together.女士們、先生們！

Ladies and Gentlemen，實(shí)現(xiàn)包容性增長(zhǎng)，根本目的是讓經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化和經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展成果惠及所有國(guó)家和地區(qū)、惠及所有人群，在可持續(xù)發(fā)展中實(shí)現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展。我們應(yīng)該朝著生產(chǎn)發(fā)展、生活富裕、生態(tài)良好的目標(biāo)，堅(jiān)持發(fā)展經(jīng)濟(jì)，著力轉(zhuǎn)變經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展方式，提高經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展質(zhì)量，增加社會(huì)財(cái)富，不斷為全體人民逐步過上富裕生活創(chuàng)造物質(zhì)基礎(chǔ)。我們應(yīng)該堅(jiān)持社會(huì)公平正義，著力促進(jìn)人人平等獲得發(fā)展機(jī)會(huì)，逐步建立以權(quán)利公平、機(jī)會(huì)公平、規(guī)則公平、分配公平為主要內(nèi)容的社會(huì)公平保障體系，不斷消除人民參與經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展、分享經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展成果方面的障礙。我們應(yīng)該堅(jiān)持以人為本，著力保障和改善民生，建立覆蓋全民的社會(huì)保障體系，注重解決教育、勞動(dòng)就業(yè)、醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生、養(yǎng)老、住房等民生問題，努力做到發(fā)展為了人民、發(fā)展依靠人民、發(fā)展成果由人民共享。在這里，我愿就本次會(huì)議主題提出以下4點(diǎn)建議。

The ultimate purpose of inclusive growth is to spread the benefits of economic globalization and economic development among all countries, regions and people and to realize balanced economic and social progress through sustainable development.Our goal is greater productivity and prosperity and a better environment.To this end, we must develop the economy, transform the economic development pattern, raise the efficiency of economic development, and create more social wealth so that our people can lead a better life.We should pursue social equity and justice.To this end, we must ensure everyone equal access to development opportunities, steadily put in place a system for guaranteeing social equity with a focus on ensuring fairness in rights, opportunities, rules and distribution, and eradicate obstacles that keep our people from participating in economic development or sharing the fruits of economic development.We should put people first, ensure and improve people's livelihood, institute a social safety net that covers all, and address issues vital to people's livelihood, including education, labor and employment, health care, old-age support and housing.We should work hard to ensure that development is for the people and by the people and its fruits are shared among the people.Here, I want to make the following four proposals within the context of the theme of the meeting:

第一，優(yōu)先開發(fā)人力資源。人力資源開發(fā)，對(duì)提高人們參與經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展和改善自身生存發(fā)展條件，對(duì)推動(dòng)經(jīng)濟(jì)持續(xù)發(fā)展、實(shí)現(xiàn)包容性增長(zhǎng)，具有基礎(chǔ)性的重要意義。人力資源是可持續(xù)開發(fā)的資源，人力資源優(yōu)勢(shì)是最需培育、最有潛力、最可依靠的優(yōu)勢(shì)。我們應(yīng)該牢固樹立人力資源是經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展第一資源的理念，加快形成人力資源優(yōu)先發(fā)展的戰(zhàn)略布局。要優(yōu)先調(diào)整人力資源結(jié)構(gòu)，優(yōu)先投資人力資源開發(fā)，創(chuàng)新人力資源制度，建立政府、社會(huì)、用人單位、個(gè)人共同投資人力資源開發(fā)機(jī)制，積極謀劃和調(diào)整人力資源專業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)、層級(jí)結(jié)構(gòu)、分布結(jié)構(gòu)，大力激發(fā)各類人力資源的創(chuàng)新活力和創(chuàng)造智慧。

First, give priority to human resources development.Human resources development holds the key to people's full participation in economic development and to improvement of conditions for their survival and development.It also provides the basis for sustainable economic development and inclusive growth.Development of human resources can be sustainable.Among all the advantages we are endowed with, the advantage in human resources is the most reliable.It can bring out the greatest potential in us and its development calls for our utmost efforts.We should be committed to the concept that human resources are the number one resources in economic and social development, and should speed up efforts to form strategies that give priority to human resources development.We should focus on readjusting the structures of human resources and investing in human resources development.We should make institutional innovations in human resources development by building a development mechanism that is jointly invested by the government, society, employers and individuals.And we should actively plan for and make readjustments to the professional mix, level and distribution of human resources, so as to boost the innovation power of human resources of all kinds.第二，實(shí)施充分就業(yè)的發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略。就業(yè)是民生之本，實(shí)現(xiàn)社會(huì)充分就業(yè)是讓更多人分享經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展成果的重要途徑。我們應(yīng)該把充分就業(yè)作為經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展的優(yōu)先目標(biāo)，實(shí)施擴(kuò)大就業(yè)的發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略，最大限度創(chuàng)造勞動(dòng)者就業(yè)和發(fā)展機(jī)會(huì)，努力實(shí)現(xiàn)充分就業(yè)。要強(qiáng)化政府促進(jìn)就業(yè)的責(zé)任，實(shí)施更加積極的就業(yè)政策，實(shí)施相應(yīng)的財(cái)政、金融、產(chǎn)業(yè)等方面政策，建設(shè)覆蓋城鄉(xiāng)的公共就業(yè)服務(wù)體系，健全面向所有困難民眾的就業(yè)援助長(zhǎng)效制度，完善就業(yè)與社會(huì)保障的聯(lián)動(dòng)機(jī)制，促進(jìn)體面勞動(dòng)，構(gòu)建和諧勞動(dòng)關(guān)系。

Second, implement the strategy of full employment.Employment is vital to people's livelihood.Full employment in society will enable more people to share the fruits of economic and social development.We should make full employment our priority goal in economic and social development and implement the strategy of expanding employment to maximize employment and development opportunities for workers and ensure full employment for our people.The government should take greater responsibility in employment promotion.We should implement a more proactive employment policy and relevant fiscal, financial and industrial policies and build a public service system for employment that covers both rural and urban areas.We need to improve the long-term employment aid system that is accessible to all people with difficulties, and enhance the interactive mechanism between employment and social security.We also need to promote decent work as well as harmonious labor relations.第三，提高勞動(dòng)者素質(zhì)和能力。提高勞動(dòng)者素質(zhì)，使經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展真正走上主要依靠科技進(jìn)步、勞動(dòng)者素質(zhì)提高、管理創(chuàng)新的軌道，是實(shí)現(xiàn)人的全面發(fā)展的必然要求，也是推動(dòng)經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展的重要保證。轉(zhuǎn)變經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展方式，推動(dòng)經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化升級(jí)，促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展，對(duì)勞動(dòng)者素質(zhì)提出了更高要求。我們應(yīng)該引導(dǎo)廣大勞動(dòng)者提高思想道德素質(zhì)和科學(xué)文化素質(zhì)，提高勞動(dòng)能力和勞動(dòng)水平，努力掌握新知識(shí)、新技能、新本領(lǐng)，成為適應(yīng)新形勢(shì)下經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展要求的高素質(zhì)勞動(dòng)者。要主動(dòng)與經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展方式轉(zhuǎn)變和經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化升級(jí)相適應(yīng)，建立健全面向全體勞動(dòng)者的職業(yè)技能培訓(xùn)制度，形成有利于勞動(dòng)者學(xué)習(xí)成才的引導(dǎo)機(jī)制、培訓(xùn)機(jī)制、評(píng)價(jià)機(jī)制、激勵(lì)機(jī)制，全面提高勞動(dòng)者職業(yè)素質(zhì)和技能水平。要充分發(fā)揮教育在提高勞動(dòng)者素質(zhì)和能力中的重要作用，按照建設(shè)學(xué)習(xí)型社會(huì)和實(shí)施終身教育的要求，優(yōu)先發(fā)展教育，提高教育現(xiàn)代化水平，堅(jiān)持教育的公益性和普惠性，保障公民依法享有受教育的權(quán)利，努力培養(yǎng)造就高素質(zhì)勞動(dòng)者、專門人才和拔尖創(chuàng)新人才。

Third, improve the quality and capacity of our workers.We need to improve the quality of workers and make sure that economic growth is truly driven by scientific and technological advancement, improvement of workers' quality and innovation in management.This meets the need for people's all-round development and provides a major guarantee for economic and social development.We need to improve the quality of our workers to promote transformation of the economic growth pattern, economic restructuring and upgrading and harmonious growth between the economy and society.We should offer proper guidance to our workers so that they will improve their moral and educational background, raise their working capacity, obtain new knowledge, skills and know-how and become high-quality workers to meet the needs of economic and social development in the new era.We should take steps to adapt to changes in economic growth pattern and improvement of economic structures, and build and improve a vocational training system accessible to all workers and formulate a guiding system, training system, evaluation system and incentive system to help our workers improve their professional and technical skills in an all-round manner.It is important to bring into full play the role of education in improving the quality and capacity of workers.To achieve the goal of building a study-oriented society and realizing life-long education, we need to give priority to education, make it more modernized, and ensure its non-profit and universal nature.We should protect our citizens' right to education as provided for by law and work hard to nurture high-quality workers, professional talents and leading creative talents.第四，構(gòu)建可持續(xù)發(fā)展的社會(huì)保障體系。完善的社會(huì)保障體系是經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展的重要保障，也是社會(huì)和諧穩(wěn)定的安全網(wǎng)。我們應(yīng)該在經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的基礎(chǔ)上建立覆蓋城鄉(xiāng)居民的社會(huì)保障體系，堅(jiān)持廣覆蓋、保基本、多層次、可持續(xù)，加強(qiáng)社會(huì)保險(xiǎn)、社會(huì)救助、社會(huì)福利的銜接和協(xié)調(diào)，不斷提高社會(huì)保障水平。要加大公共財(cái)政的社會(huì)保障投入，擴(kuò)大各類社會(huì)保險(xiǎn)覆蓋面，健全社會(huì)救助體系，發(fā)展社會(huì)福利事業(yè)和慈善事業(yè)，不斷在全體人民學(xué)有所教、勞有所得、病有所醫(yī)、老有所養(yǎng)、住有所居上取得新成效。

Fourth, build a social security system that ensures sustainable development.A sound social security system is a major guarantee for economic and social development;it also provides a safety net for social harmony and stability.On the basis of economic development, we should build a social security system covering both urban and rural residents, and ensure its coverage is broad, basic, multi-tiered and sustainable.We should better coordinate social insurance, social assistance and social welfare, and raise the level of social security steadily.We should vigorously increase social security input in government budget, expand the coverage of social insurance, improve the social assistance system, and promote social welfare and charity endeavors so that we will better ensure our people's rights to education, employment, medical and old-age care and housing.務(wù)實(shí)合作、互利共贏，是實(shí)現(xiàn)亞太經(jīng)合組織各成員共同發(fā)展的必由之路。我們要加強(qiáng)經(jīng)濟(jì)技術(shù)合作，推動(dòng)區(qū)域貿(mào)易和投資自由化，縮小成員間發(fā)展差距，實(shí)現(xiàn)共同繁榮。要加強(qiáng)就業(yè)、社會(huì)保障等領(lǐng)域交流合作，推動(dòng)成員政策對(duì)話和經(jīng)驗(yàn)共享。要拓寬人力資源開發(fā)合作領(lǐng)域，建設(shè)技術(shù)合作平臺(tái)，提升合作水平，重點(diǎn)幫助發(fā)展中成員開發(fā)人力資源。為推動(dòng)亞太經(jīng)合組織人力資源領(lǐng)域合作，中國(guó)決定會(huì)同各成員啟動(dòng)“亞太經(jīng)合組織技能開發(fā)促進(jìn)項(xiàng)目”。

Practical and win-win cooperation is essential if we, APEC member economies, are to achieve common development.We should beef up economic and technical cooperation, advance regional trade and investment liberalization, and narrow the development gap among member economies to promote common prosperity.We should work more closely in employment, social security and other fields by promoting policy dialogue and experience sharing.We should broaden our cooperation in human resources development, build platforms for technical cooperation, and raise our cooperation level with the focus on helping developing members in human resources development.To this end, China has decided to launch, together with other APEC member economies, the APEC Skills Development Promotion Project.女士們、先生們！

Ladies and Gentlemen，中國(guó)是包容性增長(zhǎng)的積極倡導(dǎo)者，更是包容性增長(zhǎng)的積極實(shí)踐者。中國(guó)強(qiáng)調(diào)推動(dòng)科學(xué)發(fā)展、促進(jìn)社會(huì)和諧，本身就具有包容性增長(zhǎng)的涵義。我們既強(qiáng)調(diào)加快轉(zhuǎn)變經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展方式、保持經(jīng)濟(jì)平穩(wěn)較快發(fā)展，又強(qiáng)調(diào)堅(jiān)持把發(fā)展經(jīng)濟(jì)與改善民生緊密結(jié)合起來，以解決人民最關(guān)心最直接最現(xiàn)實(shí)的利益問題為著力點(diǎn)，大力推進(jìn)以改善民生為重點(diǎn)的社會(huì)建設(shè)。在應(yīng)對(duì)國(guó)際金融危機(jī)沖擊的過程中，中國(guó)提出保增長(zhǎng)、保民生、保穩(wěn)定的方針，實(shí)施積極的財(cái)政政策和適度寬松的貨幣政策，既積極推動(dòng)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展、提高經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展質(zhì)量，又加大社會(huì)領(lǐng)域投入，加強(qiáng)社會(huì)保障體系建設(shè)，著力解決民生問題。我們清醒地認(rèn)識(shí)到，中國(guó)雖然取得了經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展的巨大成就，但仍然是世界上最大的發(fā)展中國(guó)家，人口多、底子薄、發(fā)展不平衡的基本國(guó)情沒有改變，經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展面臨諸多突出矛盾和挑戰(zhàn)。我們將繼續(xù)按照科學(xué)發(fā)展的要求，深化改革開放，全面推進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)、政治建設(shè)、文化建設(shè)、社會(huì)建設(shè)以及生態(tài)文明建設(shè)，促進(jìn)現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)各個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)、各個(gè)方面相協(xié)調(diào)，不斷增加社會(huì)物質(zhì)財(cái)富、改善人民生活，努力實(shí)現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)全面協(xié)調(diào)可持續(xù)發(fā)展。

China is a strong supporter and follower of inclusive growth, a concept that is consistent with our pursuit of scientific development and social harmony.While speeding up the transformation of economic growth pattern and maintaining stable and relatively fast economic growth, China is committed to integrating economic development with improvement of people's lives.We focus on addressing issues that directly concern people's biggest and most immediate interests, and endeavor to promote social progress designed to improve people's livelihood.In response to the international financial crisis, China has introduced the policy of ensuring economic growth, people's livelihood and stability.We adopted a proactive fiscal policy and a moderately easy monetary policy.We vigorously promoted economic development, focusing on improving efficiency, and, at the same time, increased input in social programs, intensifying our efforts to improve the social safety net and address problems concerning people's livelihood.We are keenly aware that despite the significant achievements in economic and social development, China remains the largest developing country in the world.China's basic national conditions, a huge population, weak economic foundation and imbalance in development, remain unchanged, and we face many serious challenges in economic and social development.We will stay committed to scientific development, deepen reform and opening-up, and push forward economic, political, cultural, social and ecological development in an all-round way.We will better coordinate the various links and aspects in our modernization drive, create even more social wealth, and improve people's lives to achieve all-round, balanced and sustainable economic and social development.女士們、先生們！

Ladies and Gentlemen，亞太區(qū)域合作正面臨著前所未有的機(jī)遇。亞太經(jīng)合組織各成員應(yīng)該攜起手來，充分運(yùn)用亞太經(jīng)合組織這一合作平臺(tái)，深化合作，拓展合作，不斷朝著持久和平、共同繁榮的目標(biāo)邁進(jìn)，不斷造福亞太人民和世界各國(guó)人民。

Cooperation in the Asia-Pacific region faces unprecedented opportunities of development.We, APEC members, should work together and make the best use of this APEC cooperation platform to deepen and broaden our cooperation.Hand in hand, let's move toward the objective of enduring peace and common prosperity for the benefit of people in the Asia-Pacific and the world at large.祝本次會(huì)議取得圓滿成功！

I wish this meeting a complete success!

謝謝各位。

Thank you.