第一篇：國際音標(biāo)教案
國際音標(biāo)教案1http://zhidao.baidu.com/question/86052910.html?fr=qrl&cid=951&index=4
國際音標(biāo)教案
出于打好英語語音基礎(chǔ)的需要，希望在這節(jié)課后，同學(xué)們可以掌握好48個(gè)國際音標(biāo)的發(fā)音 課上將進(jìn)行大量的單詞、詞組和句子的模仿練習(xí)
通過多年的教學(xué)實(shí)踐，我們深深地感到：要學(xué)好外語，一定要首先掌握好國際音標(biāo)，這樣才能通過語音關(guān)，我希望今天的教學(xué)能夠?yàn)榇蠹夜タ苏Z音關(guān)提供幫助 字母，音素，音標(biāo)
英語每個(gè)詞都有它的書寫形式和語音形式，字母是它的書寫符號(hào)，是組成詞的最小單位，如：food由4個(gè)字母組成，要讀出food這個(gè)詞，有3個(gè)音素：f-u:-d, 把這3個(gè)音素放在方括號(hào)內(nèi)就組成了音標(biāo)，英語共有48個(gè)國際音標(biāo)
元音共20個(gè)，分為單元音和雙元音
單元音12個(gè)：前：[i:] [i] [e] [A]，后：[B:][C][C:][u:][u]，中：[E:][E][Q] 長元音：[i:] [E:] [C:] [u:] [B:]
短元音：[i] [E] [C] [u] [e] [A] [Q]
雙元音8個(gè)：[ai] [ei] [Ci] [iE] [ZE] [uE] [Eu] [au] 輔音：28個(gè)
清輔音：[p] [t] [k] [f] [s] [W] [F] [tF] [tr] [ts] [h] 濁輔音：[b] [d] [g] [v] [z] [T] [V] [dV] [dr] [dz]
[m] [n] [N] [r] [l] [w] [j]
前元音發(fā)音要領(lǐng)：[i:] [i] [e] [A]
舌尖抵下齒，唇形成扁平，舌前要抬起，牙床逐漸開 [i:]: [hi:] [Fi:] [si:] [ti:] [i:t]
a green tree, read and speak, a piece of beef, meet the people, east of the sea, We have our evening meal at seven fifteen.Please clean the machine before you leave.[i]: [did] [it] [5i:zi] [5litl] [bi5gin]
six little babies, a busy Sunday, in the middle of the city, pick up the ticket, He sits with his sister in the empty room.Miss Gao is drinking milk with the twins by the window.[e]: [pen] [dres] [red] [hed] [sed]
ten men, Lesson Seven, get ready, many eggs He fell and hit his leg against a desk.Don5t forget to tell them to mend the bed.[ae]: [mAp] [bAg] [lAnd] [5mAtE] [kAn]
a bad apple, that man, a happy family, look at the panda.Ann is standing at the back of the class room.Can you catch that black cat?
國際音標(biāo)教案2
后元音：[B:][C][C:][u:][u]
[B:]: [kla:s] [5ba:skit] [5fa:TE] [ha:d] [ka:]
ask and answer, a rich harvest, a dancing party, the path leading to the park His father can5t be at home before half past five.Our class went to the park last week.[C]: [stCp] [klCk] [bCks] [wCnt] [wCt]
pocket money, a hot dog, a strong man, a popular song John got a job in a hospital.He borrowed a lot of bottles from the office.[C:]: [tC:l] [FC:t] [sC:] [spC:t] [tC:k]
your daughter, four small doors, before the wall, more salt We talked when we were walking along the river.He was born on August the fourth in the north.[u]: [gud] [put] [kud] [puF] [kuk]
play football, a good cook, look at the woman, look like a book The bottle is full of sugar.He stood there and took out a book.[u:] [tu:] [du:] [ru:m] [su:n] [mu:n]
a blue ruler, cool the food, a new school, a loose tooth Whose are these blue shoes?
Soon the moon moved behind the cloud.中：[E:][E][Q]
[E:]: [tE:n] [wE:d] [nE:s] [pE:s] [fE:m]
the first word, hut the bird, a dirty shirt, take a turn of work The girl made her own shirt.He often works in the Third World countries.[E]: [E'gou] [5rivE] [tE'5dei] [5QndE] [5tFainE]
a famous doctor, among the soldiers, a number of workers, different colors Welcome to our company
Don5t forget to give the teacher the letter.[?]: [lQv] [5stQdi] [mQnW] [mQtF] [5bQtEn]
some money, another cup, trucks and buses, come to supper with us Don5t worry about my brother.The monkey jumped down the tree and picked up the nuts
國際音標(biāo)教案3
雙'元音8個(gè)：[ai] [ei] [Ci] [iE] [ZE] [uE] [Eu] [au]
合口雙元音：[ei] [ai] [Ci] [Eu] [au] 元音滑動(dòng)，前長后短 [ei]： [peidV] [5peipE] [5steiFEn] [rein] [stei]
make faces, today5s paper, my favourite game, afraid of making a mistake He has stayed away from work since May.On April the eighth, I went to the railway station.[Eu]: [nEu] [Eg'Eu] [hEup] [kEuld] [rEud]
show me the photo, open the window, a broken boat, a slow old man I know you wrote the letter.He is throwing a stone into the snow.[ai]: [mai] [baik] [wait] [taigE] [fait] ride a bike, fly a kite, shine brightly, climb high The child cried the whole night.The driver likes to drink wine.[au]: [aut] [kaunt] [klaud] [haus] [nau]
sit down, a brown box, a busy town, blouse and trousers Let5s start out now.I found some flowers around the house.[Ci]: [bCi] [tCi] [Cil] [dVCin] [nCiz]
the spoiled boy, the joyful boys, enjoy playing with a toy, the boy5s coins The boy makes a loud noise.His best choice is that toy.集中雙元音：[iE] [ZE] [uE]
[iE]: [tiE] [riEl] [niE] [fiE]
near and dear, hear clearly, a glass of bear, dear engineer The deer is full of fear.Here is the pioneer.[ZE]: [TZE] [fZE] [bZE] [dZE] [kZE]
wear long hair, glare at the bear, their chairman, repair the chair Where are their pears?
His parents moved the chair with care.[uE]: [puE] [FuE] [tuE] [in5FuE] [5ju: VuEl]
make sure, an insurance company, as usual, a European city I assure you he is not poor.He made a tour in February.繞口令練習(xí)：Peter Piper picked a pack of pickled peppers.國際音標(biāo)教案4
輔音：氣流受到阻礙 輔音：28個(gè)
清輔音：[p] [t] [k] [f] [s] [W] [F] [tF] [tr] [ts] [h] 濁輔音：[b] [d] [g] [v] [z] [T] [V] [dV] [dr] [dz]
[m] [n] [N] [r] [l] [w] [j]
爆破音、摩擦音、破擦音、鼻輔音、舌邊音、半元音 爆破音：[p] [t] [k]
[b] [d] [g]
[p]: [pAt] [pig] [peid] [pul] [pit] [b] : [bAt] [big] [beid] [bul] [bit]
a blue pen, a black bird, a pair of bright eyes, a waste paper basket Bob put some potatoes in the plate.Ben5s parents are busy preparing the breakfast.[t]: [ti:m] [teik] [tu:] [taim] [let] [fi:t] [d]: [di:n] [deit] [du:] [daim] [led] [fi:d]
eat the bread, touch the desk, teach the daughter, tell the doctor She took her daughter to the doctor.I picked up the wallet and handed it to the teacher.[k]: [bAk] [pik] [kein] [kuk] [kEut] [dCk] [g]: [bAg] [pig] [gein] [gud] [gEut] [dCg]
a big cat, a kind gardener, come to the gate, a basketball game Don5t take the dog into the garden.He gave the kite to the girl.摩擦音[f] [s] [W] [F]
[v] [z] [T] [V]
[f]: [li:f] [fAt] [fa:st] [5fZEri] [fain] [fAn] [v]: [li:v] [vAt] [va:st] [5vZEri] [vain] [vAn]
five knives, soft voice, the seventh floor, a famous village The five slaves fought back bravely.The fat boy carried a very heavy fish.[W]: [Wri:] [WiNk] [mQnW] [breW] [5WE:zdi] [T]: [Tei] [TEuz] [tE'geTE] [bri:T] [5fa:TE]
three brothers, this and that, Mr.Smith5s clothes, thrown them away He went to the north with his father and mother.Is this book thick or thin?
[s]: [su:] [vCis] [sit] [pa:s] [ju:s] [rais] [z]: [zu:] [nCiz] [zip] [pC:z] [nju:z] [raiz] bus drivers, rice and noodles, six roses, nice boys Some girls are dancing under the trees.Lucy lives in a big city in the south.[F]: [Feik] [buF] [FiE] [Fift] [5pQniF]
[V]: [5pleVE] [5viVEn] [5mAVE] [5gAra:V] [5ju:VuEl] a short skirt, wash the shoes, as usual, with pleasure
She measured the shirt against him and found it was too short.We usually have a discussion before we come to a conclusion.[h]: [hi:] [ha:d] [hEum] [hAv] [hAv] [hu:z] a house behind the hill, hear from him, have a hair cut, hit him on the head She has very heavy hair.Time hangs heavy on his hands.[r]: [red] [rait] [ri:p] [rQb] [ru:l]
a reading room, the writer of a report, rough rice, run around the playground The rich lady arrived with red roses in her hand.Mrs.Read saw the writer on the road.國際音標(biāo)教案5
破擦音：[tF] [tr] [ts]
[dV] [dr] [dz]
[tF]: [tFAt] [tFCis] [tFainE] [ti:tF] [spi:tF] [dV]: [dVi:p] [la:dV] [dVCb] [dVu:n] [eidV]
Chinese cabbage, great changes in China, choose the chick, a large bar of chocolate George exchanges lessons with a Chinese teacher.Jane reached the church on time.[tr]: [tri:] [trai] [tru:] [trein] [tred] [dr]: [dri:] [drai] [dru:] [drein] [dred]
a strange dream, a drunken driver, drive a truck, an interesting trip The drum dropped from his trembling hands.The stranger was dressed in blue.[ts]: [kEuts] [FE:ts] [5tikits] [5baskits] [ha:ts] [dz]: [wE:dz] [bedz] [frendz] [kaindz] [hAndz]
shirts and skirts, cats and elephants, lots of birds, many kinds of plates The quilts are on the beds.My parents have lots of friends.鼻輔音：[m] [n] [N]
[m]：[mAn] [neim] [kQm] [hEum] [mAp]
Monday morning, mid-autumn, make mistakes, Modern American English We met each other at the meeting in May.The machine was made many years ago.[n]: [5nekst] [nait] [nC:W] [nEuz] [lain]
nine new fans, listen and learn, Number Seven, turn green No pains, no gains.I don5t know when I can finish the novel.[N]: [rANk] [riN] [WAnNk] [lCN] [striN]
a hungry donkey, one spring morning, singing and dancing, reading and writing I think your uncle will be coming.The singer sang an English song yesterday evening.舌邊音:[l]
[luk] [lQv] [leit] [lain] [5lisn]
the last lesson, a long life, look like a plate, a large lake
The little boy had a loaf of bread and some beef for his lunch.I like those yellow and blue flowers.[fC:l] [sel] [bC:l] [5ApEl] [5pi:pEl]
a small ball, cool noodles, twelve children, a middle school.The hall is full of old pencil.The girl took the pencil on the table.國際音標(biāo)教案6
半元音[w]
[weit] [wC:k] [wen] [west] [5wintE]
a warm welcome, white walls, when and where, wash and wear He was waiting for the woman in the wind.Wearing a sweater, his wife looked young.[j]
[jes] [ju:W] [jQN] [jE:] [jet]
a new student, a yellow suit, a few courtyards, a beautiful young girl Happy New Year to you!
The junior students are listening to the music.繞口令練習(xí):
She sells seashells on the seashore.音標(biāo)教學(xué)補(bǔ)充說明： 1.關(guān)于音節(jié)的概念 2.重音 如：interesting 3.連讀與吞音
4.單詞變形后的發(fā)音：
likes, socks, speaks, books, makes，eats, carrots, hats, wants, weekends, foods, reads，stories, boys, bananas, apples, eggs, musicians, dances, watches, brushes 4.不定冠詞a/ an的使用：
a book, a chair, a language, a movie，an apple, an orange, an angry man, an article, an example 注意：a unit, a university, a useful book
an uncle, an unusual book, an ugly dog, an hour, an honest boy
用對(duì)稱法排序 20個(gè)輔音 3個(gè)鼻音 2個(gè)半元音 3個(gè)似拼音 20個(gè)元音
[p][b][m][w][h][i:][i][t][d][n][j][r][E:][E][k][g] [N][l][C:][C][f][v][u:][u][s][z][B:][Q][W][T][e[A] [F][V][ai][ei][Ci][tF][dV][iE][ZE][uE][tr][dr][Eu] [au][ts][dz] 48個(gè)國際音標(biāo)表 元音 12個(gè)單元音 長元音 [i:][E:][C:][u:][B:] 短元音 [i][E][C][u][Q][e][A] 8個(gè)雙元音[ai][ei][Ci][iE][ZE][uE][Eu][au] 輔音 10對(duì)
清輔音 [p][t][k][f][s][W][F][tF][tr][ts] 濁輔音 [b][d][g][v][z][T][V][dV][dr][dz] 3個(gè)鼻音 [m][n][N] 3個(gè)似拼音 [h][r][l] 2個(gè)半元音 [w][j]
48個(gè)英語國際音標(biāo)與漢語讀音對(duì)照
單元音
[i:]（衣）[i]
（一）[e]（哎）[?]（唉）[a:]（啊）[?]（凹）[?:]（熬）[u]（屋）[u:]（烏）[?]（音阿）[?:]（音婀）[?]（音?）
雙元音
[ei]（音a）[ai]（音愛）[?i](音奧艾)[?u](音俄歐)[au]（音啊無）[ie]（音耶）[??]愛額 [u?]屋俄
輔音
[p]（破）[b]（撥）[t]（特）[d]（的）[k]（科）[g]（哥）[f]（夫）[v]（屋）[s]（絲）[z]（字）[θ]（私）[e]（紫）[?]（是）[?]（日）[?]（吃）[? ]（之）[tr]（綽）[dr]（桌）[ts]（此）[dz]（子）
[m]（鼻音讀拼音m）[n]（鼻音讀拼音n）[?]（鼻音讀）[h]（喝）
[l]（平舌讀日）[r]（ra）[w]（我）[j]（業(yè)）注（“：”冒號(hào)代表長音，“（）”內(nèi)為漢語發(fā)音，）※音標(biāo)讀法僅供參考，希望對(duì)初學(xué)英語的愛好者有所幫助！
巧記48個(gè)國際音標(biāo) 單元音共十二，四二六前中后。雙元音也好背，合口集中八個(gè)整。輔音共計(jì)二十八，八對(duì)一清又七濁，四個(gè)連對(duì)也包括。有氣無聲鋪音，有聲無氣濁輔音，發(fā)音特點(diǎn)應(yīng)掌握
判斷單詞讀音的三個(gè)步驟
一、數(shù)元字組的個(gè)數(shù)
數(shù)一數(shù)元字組的數(shù)目。有幾個(gè)元字組就有幾個(gè)音節(jié)。
二、劃分音節(jié) 劃分音節(jié)時(shí)以元字組為核心。
三、找出重讀音節(jié) 1.單音節(jié)詞都是重讀音節(jié)
2.雙音節(jié)詞通常是第一個(gè)音節(jié)重讀（前綴不重讀）3.多音節(jié)詞在倒數(shù)第三個(gè)音節(jié)上重讀 開音節(jié)和
閉音節(jié)
1．開音節(jié) 1）以發(fā)音的元音字母結(jié)尾的單節(jié)。例：be，he。2）以輔音字母（r 除外）+不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾的音節(jié)。例：make，like。
在重讀的開音節(jié)中元音字母按字母名稱讀音。2．閉音節(jié) 以一個(gè)或幾個(gè)輔音字母（r 除外）結(jié)尾而中間只有一個(gè)元音字母的音節(jié)，稱為閉音節(jié)。例：map，desk，is。? 在重讀的閉音節(jié)中元音字母讀做短元音。開、閉音節(jié)歌 開音節(jié)，音節(jié)開，一元字母在后排； 不怕一輔堵后門，還有啞e在門外。（拍手念）a, e, o, u, i 就讀a, e, o, u, i 閉音節(jié)，音節(jié)閉，一元字母生悶氣；
輔音字母堵后門，一元字母音短急。（拍手念）a, e, o, u, I
第二篇：國際音標(biāo) 教案
37期王薇薇 國際音標(biāo)教案
【Teaching Aims:】1.復(fù)習(xí)hotdog, sandwich, hamburger等單詞。
2.復(fù)習(xí)上節(jié)課已學(xué)的6對(duì)成對(duì)輔音和元音。
3.能夠拼讀雙音節(jié)詞。
【Teaching keys and difficult points:】1.能夠區(qū)分[e]和[?]的發(fā)音。
2.能夠根據(jù)元音的位置劃分音節(jié)。
【Teaching aids:】1.pictures.2.白板筆和白板檫。
【Contents:】
Step 1.Greeting and review.T：Hello everyone.S: Hello Icy.T: Nice to see you.S: Nice to see you, too.T：OK,good, can you tell me how are you today?
S: I'm fine.T: What is the weather like today?
S: It's rainy day.T：Do you like rainy day?
S: NO.T: OK, now I'll show you some pictures, can you guess?(快速給學(xué)生看
一眼)
S: Fish.S：菠蘿。
S: 蘿卜。
T：NO.S: Hotdog.T: OK, very good!Let's have a look.Hotdog, follow me.S: Hotdog.T：How about this one?
S: Hamburger.T: NO.S: Sandwich.T：Do you like sandwich?
S: yes.T: Do you like hamburger?
S: I like hamburger.T：OK,very good!
Now you are divided into 2 groups, you are group1,you are group 2.我們兩個(gè)組來PK.Look at the cards.Are you ready?
S: yes.T: one two three go.S: [d]
T：OK, follow me, [d]
S: [d]
T: one star for you, can you write it? Who wants to try?
S: Let me try.T：Lily and Tom, scissor paper stone.S:...T: OK, you please.S: [d](寫在白板上)
T：OK, nest one.S: [k]
T: good, follow me.[k]
S: [k]
T：how to write it?
You, please.S: [k](寫在白板上)
T: [k] 是輕輔音，和我們剛才讀的[d] 有什么區(qū)別呢？
[k] 它的聲帶要不要震動(dòng)？
S: 不要
T：那[d] 聲帶要不要震動(dòng)？
S: 要
T: 對(duì)了，go on.S: [?] T：[?] 是二指音。[?]
S: [?]
T: OK，great.how to write it?
S: [?](寫在白板上)
T：[?] 剛才我們有濁輔音，輕輔音，那這個(gè)是...S: 元音。
T: OK，go on.S: [i]
T：[i]
S: [i]
T: how to write it?
S: [i](白板上）
T：nest one.S: [i:]
T: [i:]
S: [i:]
T：[i:] 也是一個(gè)元音。Ok, go on.S: [u:]
T: follow me.[u:]
S: [u:]
T：[i:] 是微笑音
[e] 是...S: 一指音。
T: 對(duì)了。那[d] 和哪個(gè)是一對(duì)??？
S: [t]
T：OK，very good.那[p] 和...S: [b]
T: great.我們?cè)谌康淖x一遍...S:...Step 2.Drills & Practice
T：那我們來搶答，我點(diǎn)到哪組讀得又對(duì)又快的加2顆星。
Are you ready?
S: yes.T: OK,one two three go.S: [b]
T: one two three go
S: [i:]
T：one two three go
S: [e]
T: one two three go
S: [?]
T：OK，group1 are faster.2 stars for you.Go on.S: [k]
T: group2 ,2stars for you.OK，everyone, look at the whiteboard.☆
[pekt]
[gukt] [pi:pt] [t?kt] ☆
[di:pt] [pi:p] [tek] [g?g] ☆☆
[ku:ki] [tupi] [d?d] [k?pi] ☆☆
[＇fi?t] [gip?t] [tupit] [t?＇pit]
OK, let's have a look.Who wants to try? 自己可以選擇難易程度。讀對(duì)了的就給相應(yīng)的星。OK, you.S: [pekt]
[gukt] [pi:pt] [t?kt] T：good.one star fou you.Go on.You,please.S: [ku:ki] [tupi] [d?d] [k?pi]
T：great, two stars for you.Go on, who wants to try?
S: Let's me try.T: OK, Jerry.S: [＇fi?t] [gip?t] [tupit] [t?＇pit]
T：OK, follow me.[＇fi?t] [gip?t] [tupit] [t?＇pit]
S: [＇fi?t] [gip?t] [tupit] [t?＇pit]
T: OK, now turn to page 9, 做一下刻苦練習(xí)。
Step 3.Consolidation.T：好，今天呢我們復(fù)習(xí)了六對(duì)成對(duì)輔音，而且還拼讀了音標(biāo)詞，那我們下節(jié)
課呢就要上新課，那同學(xué)們回去要聽磁帶預(yù)習(xí)一下下一節(jié)課我們要上的內(nèi) 容。
Step 4.Homework.1.抄寫L1-2 音標(biāo) 1×4×1.2.聽磁帶跟讀L1-2，每天一遍，家簽.3.拼讀P57的刻苦練習(xí)，每天一遍，家簽.
第三篇：國際音標(biāo)教案
音標(biāo)期末測試卷
一.聽寫音標(biāo)(10分)1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.二．看單詞 寫出正確的音標(biāo)（10分）
1.see
2.hurt
3.glove
4.autumn
5.play
6.picnic
7.sure
8.birds
9.sing
10.you
三．根據(jù)劃線部分的讀音，相同的打√，不同的打×（10分）1.（）book
food
2.（）no
not 3.（）glass
class
4.（）juice orange 5.（）usually music
6.()
sure shoe 7.（）here
hear
8.()
watch water 9.（）car
aunt
10.（）thirsty thirty
四．根據(jù)劃線部分讀音，選出不同的單詞并將其序號(hào)填入括號(hào)內(nèi)（20分）1.（）A.where
B.here
C.there
D.hair 2.（）A.any
B.cat
C.head
D.desk 3.（）A.warm
B.short
C.party
D.door 4.（）A.think
B.that
C.this
D.the 5.（）A.sing
B.long
C.wrong
D.name 6.（）A.home
B.cold
C.old
D.Monday 7.（）A.way
B.toy
C.play
D.stay 8.（）A.daughter B.watch
C.door
D.water 9.（）A.her
B.driver
C.river
D.teacher 10.（）A.summer B.subject
C.sun
D.music 11.（）A.too
B.Tuesday
C.you
D.music 12.（）A.cake
B.bag
C.have
D.cat 13.（）A.twelve B.let
C.me
D.get 14.（）A.school B.child
C.chair
D.Chinese 15.（）A.snack
B.father
C.dad
D.cap 16.（）A.fish
B.nice
C.bike
D.like 17.（）A.water
B.when
C.whose
D.water 18.（）A.grape
B.Maths
C.match
D.snack 19.（）A.pity
B.eat
C.fever
D.easy 20.（）A.monkey
B.key
C.money
D.ill
五．從下列單詞中選出與所給單詞劃線部分發(fā)音相同的詞(8分)
let
see
desk
tree
hen
we
seven
he
pencil(4):
me(4):
六．歸類（12分）
like
time
lake
five
swim headache Chinese
fifteen
hand
dinner
river
name(4):
at(4):
like(4):
fifteen(4):
七．請(qǐng)寫出十個(gè)包含的單詞（10分）
happy
take at
name match
第四篇：復(fù)習(xí)國際音標(biāo)教案
國際音標(biāo)復(fù)習(xí)教案
⑴ 前元音：[i:] [i] [e] [?] 前元音發(fā)音要領(lǐng)：舌尖抵下齒，舌前部向硬顎抬起，雙唇不要收?qǐng)A。
[i:]①舌尖抵下齒，舌前部盡量向硬顎抬起。②嘴唇向兩旁伸開，成扁平形。
注意：[i:]是長元音，發(fā)長元音時(shí)要比發(fā)短元音長兩倍以上。
[i] ①舌尖抵下齒，舌前部向硬顎抬起，比[i:]低,比[e]高。②唇形扁平，牙床開得比[i:]寬，比[e]窄。③可從發(fā)[i:]出發(fā)，將小指尖放在上下齒之間，舌前部也隨之稍稍下降，即可發(fā)出[i]。
[e] ①舌尖抵下齒，舌前部稍抬起，比[i:]低。②唇形中常，牙床開得比[i:]寬，上下齒間可容納一個(gè)食指。
[?] ①舌尖抵下齒。②雙唇向兩旁平伸，成扁平形，兩齒間可以容納食指和中指。
（2）后元音：[ɑ:] [?] [?:] [u] [u:] 后元音發(fā)音要領(lǐng)：①舌尖不觸下齒，舌身后縮，舌后部向軟顎抬起，除[ɑ:]外，雙唇要收?qǐng)A。
②發(fā)[ɑ:][?:][u:]時(shí)要注意長度，不要發(fā)得太短。
[ɑ:] 舌尖不觸下齒，口張大，舌身平放后縮。
[?] ①舌尖不觸下齒，口張大，舌身盡量降低并后縮。②雙唇稍稍收?qǐng)A。③可先發(fā)[ɑ:]，然后將舌身再稍稍向后縮，雙唇稍稍收?qǐng)A（不要突出）即可發(fā)出[?]。
[?:] ①舌后部比發(fā)[?]時(shí)抬得略高。②雙唇也收得更圓更小，并須用力向前突出。[u] ①舌尖不觸下齒, 舌后部向軟顎抬起,舌身后縮。②雙唇收?qǐng)A，稍向前突出。[u:] 雙唇比發(fā)[u]時(shí)收得更圓更小，向前突出，舌后部比發(fā)[u]時(shí)抬得更高。
（3）中元音：[?] [?:] [?] 中元音發(fā)音要領(lǐng)：舌尖抵住下齒，但不如發(fā)前元音時(shí)抵得那樣緊。舌身的中部隆起，扁唇（雙唇不要收?qǐng)A）。
[?:]①舌身平放，舌中部稍抬起。②牙床開得較窗窄，雙唇和發(fā)[i:]時(shí)相似。
③注意長度，不要發(fā)得太短。
[?] ①舌中部抬起。②牙床半開半合，唇形扁或中常。③這個(gè)音和漢語普通話輕聲的“么（me）”及 “了(le)”中的短促元音“e”相似，但英語的[?]在詞末時(shí)發(fā)音比普通話的“e”長。
[?] ①舌中部稍抬起。②開口程度和[?]相似，唇形扁。
③從元音[?]出發(fā)，將圓唇改為扁唇，即可發(fā)出[?]。
（4）合口雙元音：[ei] [ai] [?i] [?u] [au] 雙元音發(fā)音要領(lǐng)：①由兩個(gè)元音組成，發(fā)音時(shí)由第一個(gè)向第二個(gè)元音的部位滑動(dòng)，但不完全到達(dá)第二個(gè)元音的部位。發(fā)音過程中唇形、舌位及牙床開合程度均有相應(yīng)的變化。②前重后輕，第一個(gè)元音響亮清晰。第二個(gè)元音輕弱模糊。③前長后短，第一個(gè)元音較長。第二個(gè)元音較短促。
[ei] ①由[e]向[i]滑動(dòng),但不到[i]的部位就停止發(fā)音。②發(fā)音過程中下顎和下唇向上移動(dòng)，舌位也隨之抬高。
[ai] ①[a]是個(gè)前元音(不是后元音[ɑ:])，和漢語普通話“a”音相似，發(fā)音時(shí)舌尖抵住下齒，舌位很低，舌前隆起。用扁唇或中常唇形，牙床開合度寬。②從[a]向[i]滑動(dòng)，不到[i]的部位就停止發(fā)音。
[?i] ①開始部分舌位在[?]和[?:]之間。②由上述部位向[i]滑動(dòng)，由圓唇變成扁唇，舌前部隨之稍稍抬起。
[?u]由[?]向[u]滑動(dòng), 雙唇由扁到略為收?qǐng)A，但不到[u]的部位就停止發(fā)音。
[au] ①開始部分和[ai]中的[a]相同，①由[a]向[u]滑動(dòng)時(shí)把雙唇逐漸收?qǐng)A，舌后部隨之稍稍抬起。②防止一開始就把雙唇收?qǐng)A，把[au]變成[?u]。
（5）集中雙元音：[i?] [u?] [??]。
[i?] ①發(fā)[i]時(shí)注意用扁唇，嘴不要張得太開，以免發(fā)成[e]或[?]。
②舌身稍向后縮，從[i]很快滑向[?]。
[??] ①[?]是個(gè)前元音，發(fā)音時(shí)舌尖觸下齒，舌位半開，舌前隆起。牙床較寬，在[e]與[?]之 間。②舌身稍向后縮，由從[?]很快滑向[?] [u?] ①[u]不要發(fā)成[u:]。②舌身稍向前移，由從[u]很快滑向[?]
（6）爆破輔音：[p] [b] [t] [d] [k] [g] 爆破音發(fā)音要領(lǐng)：[p] [t] [k]是清輔音，發(fā)音時(shí)聲帶不振動(dòng)，送氣要強(qiáng)。[b] [d] [g]是濁輔音，發(fā)音時(shí)聲帶必須振動(dòng)，送氣要強(qiáng)。[p] [b]雙唇緊閉，然后突然分開，氣流沖出口腔。
[t] [d]舌尖緊貼上齒齦，形成阻礙，然后突然下降，氣流沖出口腔。[k] [g]舌后部隆起，緊貼軟顎，形成阻礙，然后突然離開，氣流沖出口腔。
發(fā)音練習(xí)： b[bi:] d[di:] e[i:]
（7）摩擦輔音：[f] [v] [s] [z] [?] [?] [?] [e] 摩擦音發(fā)音要領(lǐng)：
[f] [s] [?] [?]是清輔音，發(fā)音時(shí)聲帶不振動(dòng)。[v] [z] [?] [e]是濁輔音，發(fā)音時(shí)聲帶必須振動(dòng)。發(fā)摩擦音時(shí)必須注意：①軟顎抬起，堵住到鼻腔的通道，但口腔通道不完全阻塞，留有窄小空隙，氣流從中泄出時(shí)摩擦或振動(dòng)成音。②摩擦音可以延長而發(fā)音器官位置不變。
[f] [v]下唇輕觸上齒，氣流由唇齒間的縫隙中通過，摩擦成音。
[s] [z] 舌端及舌尖靠近上齒齦，但不接觸，上下齒靠攏，但不要咬住，氣流由舌端與上齒齦之間逸出，摩擦成音。
[?] [?]舌尖和舌端抬向上齒齦較后部分，舌身兩側(cè)緊貼上顎，中央形成一條狹長的通道，上下齒靠攏或靠近，但不要咬住，氣流由舌端與上齒齦較后部分之間逸出，摩擦成音。
[?] [e] 舌尖輕觸上齒背，氣流由舌齒間的窄小縫隙逸出，摩擦成音。
⑶ 發(fā)音練習(xí)：c[si:] f[ef] good[gud] too[tu:] this[eis] is[is] these [ei:z] cat[k?t] dog[d?g] it[it]
（8）破擦音：[tr] [dr] [?] [?] [?] [?] 破擦音發(fā)音要領(lǐng)：
[tr] [?] [?]是清輔音，發(fā)音時(shí)聲帶不振動(dòng)。[dr] [?] [?]是濁輔音，發(fā)音時(shí)聲帶必須振動(dòng)。
破擦音是爆破音和摩擦音的結(jié)合，發(fā)破擦音時(shí)必須注意：①憋住氣流的發(fā)音器官（舌尖和上齒齦）分開得比較緩慢，而且立即跟著發(fā)一個(gè)發(fā)音部位相似的摩擦音。②發(fā)破擦音時(shí)，先形成阻礙，在解除阻礙的同時(shí)舌尖向摩擦音的部位滑動(dòng)，發(fā)出摩擦音。但這兩步動(dòng)作是緊密相連的，由一次送氣來完成，不可發(fā)出兩個(gè)獨(dú)立的音。
[?] [?] 軟顎抬起，舌身形成發(fā)[?]音的姿勢(shì)，但舌尖和舌端抵住上齒齦，形成阻礙。氣流沖破這個(gè)阻礙后，舌和齒齦間仍保持一個(gè)狹小的縫隙，發(fā)出摩擦的聲音。
[tr] [dr] 軟顎抬起，舌身作發(fā)[r]音的姿勢(shì)，但舌尖抵上齒齦后部，以形成阻礙。氣流沖破這個(gè)阻礙發(fā)出短促的[t]后立即發(fā)[r]。
[?] [?]舌端貼住上齒齦，堵住氣流，然后略為下降，氣流隨之泄出口腔。
⑶ 發(fā)音練習(xí)：g[?i:] p[pi:] r[ɑ:] s[es] t[ti:] she[?i:] sister[?sist?]
（9）鼻（輔）音：[m] [n] [?]
鼻音發(fā)音要領(lǐng)：
①軟顎下垂，口腔通道完全堵塞，氣流從鼻腔逸出。②三個(gè)鼻輔音[m] [n] [?]都是濁輔音，發(fā)音時(shí)聲帶必須振動(dòng)。③鼻輔音在詞末時(shí)，發(fā)音略為延長。
[m]雙唇緊閉，舌身平放，軟顎下垂，氣流從鼻腔逸出。
[n]舌尖緊貼上齒齦，形成阻礙，雙唇不閉，軟顎下垂，氣流從鼻腔逸出。[?]舌尖和發(fā)[k]/[g]時(shí)相同，但軟顎下垂，堵住口腔通道，氣流從鼻腔逸出。
⑶發(fā)音練習(xí)：a[ei] h[ei?] i[ai] j[?ei] k[kei] m[em] n[en] o[?u] v[vi:] x[eks] z[zed]
（10）摩擦音[h] [r] [j] [w]及舌側(cè)音 [l]
摩擦音發(fā)音要領(lǐng)：
[h]是清輔音，發(fā)音時(shí)聲帶不振動(dòng)。[r] [j] [w]是濁輔音，發(fā)音時(shí)聲帶必須振動(dòng)。
[h] 這個(gè)音也叫喉音。①發(fā)這個(gè)音時(shí)，發(fā)音器官呈發(fā)元音的姿勢(shì)，聲門張開，氣流不受阻礙，自由逸出口腔，聲帶不振動(dòng)，只是在通過聲門時(shí)形成輕微的摩擦；口型不定，隨后面的元音而變化。②發(fā)音時(shí)舌后部和軟顎間不產(chǎn)生摩擦，即不要發(fā)成漢語“赫”的聲母。
[r] 這個(gè)音也叫卷舌音。①舌尖向上齒齦后部抬起，舌前對(duì)硬顎呈凹形，舌身兩側(cè)緊貼上顎。②雙唇略突出，氣流由舌面與硬顎間逸出，牙床開合程度大小均可。③軟顎升起，聲帶振動(dòng)。
[j] 這個(gè)音也叫半元音。①舌身和雙唇呈發(fā)[i]的姿勢(shì)，舌前部向硬顎抬起，雙唇向兩旁伸展成扁平形，聲帶振動(dòng)。②發(fā)音急促短暫，一經(jīng)發(fā)出，立刻向后面的元音滑動(dòng)。
[w] 這個(gè)音也叫半元音。①舌身和雙唇呈發(fā)[u:]的姿勢(shì)，舌后部向軟顎抬起，聲帶振動(dòng)。②發(fā)音急促短暫，一經(jīng)發(fā)出，立刻向后面的元音滑動(dòng)。
（11）舌側(cè)音[l]發(fā)音要領(lǐng)：
[l] ①舌端緊抵上齒齦，氣流從舌的一側(cè)或兩側(cè)逸出。②[l]兩種發(fā)音，即所謂清晰[l]和含糊[l]。發(fā)清晰[l]時(shí)，舌前向硬顎抬起，舌尖抵上齒齦，舌身平直，氣流從舌的一側(cè)或兩側(cè)逸出。發(fā)含糊[l]時(shí)，舌尖抵上齒齦，舌面形成凹槽，舌后上抬，氣流從舌的一側(cè)或兩側(cè)逸出。
⑶ 發(fā)音練習(xí)：l[el] q[kju:] u[ju:] w[?d?blju:] y[wai]
第五篇：英語國際音標(biāo)表教案
國際音標(biāo)教案
關(guān)于教案的說明：
音標(biāo)字體為KingSoft Phonetic Plain，請(qǐng)將壓縮包中的字體文件拷貝到windows－font目錄下，音標(biāo)即可正常顯示
出于打好英語語音基礎(chǔ)的需要，希望在這節(jié)課后，同學(xué)們可以掌握好48個(gè)國際音標(biāo)的發(fā)音
課上將進(jìn)行大量的單詞、詞組和句子的模仿練習(xí)
通過多年的教學(xué)實(shí)踐，我們深深地感到：要學(xué)好外語，一定要首先掌握好國際音標(biāo)，這樣才能通過語音關(guān)，我希望今天的教學(xué)能夠?yàn)榇蠹夜タ苏Z音關(guān)提供幫助
字母，音素，音標(biāo)
英語每個(gè)詞都有它的書寫形式和語音形式，字母是它的書寫符號(hào)，是組成詞的最小單位，如：food由4個(gè)字母組成，要讀出food這個(gè)詞，有3個(gè)音素：f-u:-d, 把這3個(gè)音素放在方括號(hào)內(nèi)就組成了音標(biāo)，英語共有48個(gè)國際音標(biāo)
元音共20個(gè)，分為單元音和雙元音
單元音12個(gè)：前：[??] [?] [?] [?]，后：[??][?][??][??][?]，中：[??][?][?]
長元音：[??] [??] [??] [??] [??]
短元音：[?]
[?]
[?]
[?] [?] [?] [?]
雙元音8個(gè)：[??] [??] [??] [??] [??] [??] [??] [??]
輔音：28個(gè)
清輔音：[p] [t] [k] [f] [s]
[?] [?] [??] [??] [??] [h]
濁輔音：[b] [d] [g] [v] [z] [?] [?] [??] [??] [dz]
[m] [n] [?] [r] [l] [w] [j]
前元音發(fā)音要領(lǐng)：[??] [?] [?] [?]
舌尖抵下齒，唇形成扁平，舌前要抬起，牙床逐漸開 [??]:
[???] [???] [s??] [t??] [??t]
a green tree, read and speak, a piece of beef, meet the people, east of the sea，We have our evening meal at seven fifteen.Please clean the machine before you leave.[?]:
[did] [it] [?i:zi] [?litl] [bi?gin]
six little babies, a busy Sunday, in the middle of the city, pick up the ticket, He sits with his sister in the empty room.Miss Gao is drinking milk with the twins by the window.[?]:
[pen] [dres] [red] [hed] [sed]
ten men, Lesson Seven, get ready, many eggs He fell and hit his leg against a desk.Don?t forget to tell them to mend the bed.[?]:
[m?p] [b??] [l???] [?m???] [k??]
a bad apple, that man, a happy family, look at the panda.Ann is standing at the back of the class room.Can you catch that black cat?
后元音：[??][?][??][??][?]
[??]: [kla:s] [?ba:skit] [?fa:??] [ha:d] [ka:]
ask and answer, a rich harvest, a dancing party, the path leading to the park His father can?t be at home before half past five.Our class went to the park last week.[?]:
[st??] [kl??]
[b???] [w???] [w??] pocket money, a hot dog, a strong man, a popular song John got a job in a hospital.He borrowed a lot of bottles from the office.[??]:
[t???] [????] [s??] [sp???] [t???] your daughter, four small doors, before the wall, more salt We talked when we were walking along the river.He was born on August the fourth in the north.[?]:
[gud]
[put]
[kud]
[pu?] [kuk]
play football, a good cook, look at the woman, look like a book The bottle is full of sugar.He stood there and took out a book.[??]
[t??] [d??] [r???] [s???] [m???] a blue ruler, cool the food, a new school, a loose tooth Whose are these blue shoes?
Soon the moon moved behind the cloud.中：[??][?][?]
[??]:
[t???]
[w???]
[n???] [p???]
[f???] the first word, hut the bird, a dirty shirt, take a turn of work The girl made her own shirt.He often works in the Third World countries.[?]:
[?'???]
[?riv?]
[t??????] [??nd?]
[?t?ain?] a famous doctor, among the soldiers, a number of workers, different colors Welcome to our company
Don?t forget to give the teacher the letter.[?]:
[l??]
[?st???]
[m???]
[m???]
[?b????] some money, another cup, trucks and buses, come to supper with us Don?t worry about my brother.The monkey jumped down the tree and picked up the nuts.雙'元音8個(gè)：[??] [??] [??] [??] [??] [??] [??] [??] 合口雙元音：[??]
[??] [??]
[??] [??] 元音滑動(dòng)，前長后短 [??]：
[p????] [?p????] [?st?????]
[r???]
[st??] make faces, today?s paper, my favourite game, afraid of making a mistake He has stayed away from work since May.On April the eighth, I went to the railway station.[??]:
[n??]
[?g???] [h???]
[k???d]
[r???] show me the photo, open the window, a broken boat, a slow old man I know you wrote the letter.He is throwing a stone into the snow.[??]:
[m??]
[b???]
[w???]
[t????]
[f???] ride a bike, fly a kite, shine brightly, climb high The child cried the whole night.The driver likes to drink wine.[??]:
[???]
[k????]
[kl???]
[h???]
[n??] sit down, a brown box, a busy town, blouse and trousers Let?s start out now.I found some flowers around the house.[??]:
[b??]
[t??]
[???]
[d????]
[n???]
the spoiled boy, the joyful boys, enjoy playing with a toy, the boy?s coins The boy makes a loud noise.His best choice is that toy.集中雙元音：[??] [??] [??]
[??]:
[t??]
[r???]
[n??]
[f??]
near and dear, hear clearly, a glass of bear, dear engineer The deer is full of fear.Here is the pioneer.[??]:
[???] [f??]
[b??]
[d??]
[k??] wear long hair, glare at the bear, their chairman, repair the chair Where are their pears?
His parents moved the chair with care.[??]:
[p??]
[???]
[t??]
[in????]
[?ju:?????] make sure, an insurance company, as usual, a European city I assure you he is not poor.He made a tour in February.繞口令練習(xí)：Peter Piper picked a pack of pickled peppers.輔音：氣流受到阻礙 輔音：28個(gè)
清輔音：[p] [t] [k] [f] [s]
[?] [?] [??] [??] [??] [h]
濁輔音：[b] [d] [g] [v] [z] [?] [?] [??] [??] [dz]
[m] [n] [?] [r] [l] [w] [j]
爆破音、摩擦音、破擦音、鼻輔音、舌邊音、半元音
爆破音：[p] [t] [k]
[b] [d] [g]
[p]:
[p?t] [pig] [peid]
[pul]
[pit]
[b] :
[b?t] [big] [beid]
[bul]
[bit]
a blue pen, a black bird, a pair of bright eyes, a waste paper basket Bob put some potatoes in the plate.Ben?s parents are busy preparing the breakfast.[t]:
[ti:m]
[teik]
[tu:]
[taim]
[let]
[fi:t] [d]:
[di:n]
[deit] [du:]
[daim]
[led]
[fi:d]
eat the bread, touch the desk, teach the daughter, tell the doctor She took her daughter to the doctor.I picked up the wallet and handed it to the teacher.[k]:
[b?k]
[pik]
[kein]
[kuk]
[k???] [d??] [g]:
[b?g]
[pig]
[gein]
[gud]
[g???] [d??]
a big cat, a kind gardener, come to the gate, a basketball game Don?t take the dog into the garden.He gave the kite to the girl.摩擦音[f] [s]
[?] [?]
[v] [z] [?] [?]
[f]: [li:f]
[f?t]
[fa:st]
[?f??ri]
[fain]
[f??] [v]: [li:v] [v?t]
[va:st]
[?v??ri] [vain]
[v??] five knives, soft voice, the seventh floor, a famous village The five slaves fought back bravely.The fat boy carried a very heavy fish.[?]:
[????]
[????]
[m???]
[bre?]
[???????] [?]:
[???]
[????]
[t?'????]
[bri:?]
[?fa:??] three brothers, this and that, Mr.Smith?s clothes, thrown them away He went to the north with his father and mother.Is this book thick or thin?
[s]:
[su:]
[v?is]
[sit]
[pa:s]
[ju:s]
[rais] [z]:
[zu:]
[n?iz]
[zip]
[p???]
[nju:z] [raiz] bus drivers, rice and noodles, six roses, nice boys Some girls are dancing under the trees.Lucy lives in a big city in the south.[?]:
[????]
[bu?]
[???]
[????]
[?p?ni?] [?]:
[?ple??] [?vi???]
[?m???]
[?g?????]
[?ju:????] a short skirt, wash the shoes, as usual, with pleasure
She measured the shirt against him and found it was too short.We usually have a discussion before we come to a conclusion.[h]:
[hi:]
[ha:d]
[h?um]
[h?v]
[h??]
[hu:z]
a house behind the hill, hear from him, have a hair cut, hit him on the head She has very heavy hair.Time hangs heavy on his hands.[r]:
[red]
[rait]
[ri:p]
[r?b]
[ru:l]
a reading room, the writer of a report, rough rice, run around the playground The rich lady arrived with red roses in her hand.Mrs.Read saw the writer on the road.破擦音：[??] [??]
[??]
[??] [??] [dz]
[??]:
[????]
[?????]
[??????]
[ti:??]
[spi:??] [??]: [?????]
[la:??]
[????]
[?????] [ei??]
Chinese cabbage, great changes in China, choose the chick, a large bar of chocolate
George exchanges lessons with a Chinese teacher.Jane reached the church on time.[??]:
[????]
[????]
[????]
[?????]
[????] [??]: [????]
[????]
[????] [?????]
[????] a strange dream, a drunken driver, drive a truck, an interesting trip The drum dropped from his trembling hands.The stranger was dressed in blue.[??]:
[k????]
[?????]
[?tiki??]
[?baski??]
[ha:??] [dz]:
[w??dz]
[bedz]
[frendz]
[kaindz]
[h??dz]
shirts and skirts, cats and elephants, lots of birds, many kinds of plates The quilts are on the beds.My parents have lots of friends.鼻輔音：[m] [n] [?]
[m]：[m??]
[neim]
[k?m]
[h??m]
[m??]
Monday morning, mid-autumn, make mistakes, Modern American English We met each other at the meeting in May.The machine was made many years ago.[n]:
[?nekst]
[nait]
[n???]
[n???]
[lain] nine new fans, listen and learn, Number Seven, turn green No pains, no gains.I don?t know when I can finish the novel.[?]:
[r???]
[ri?]
[?????]
[l??]
[stri?]
a hungry donkey, one spring morning, singing and dancing, reading and writing
I think your uncle will be coming.The singer sang an English song yesterday evening.舌邊音:[l]
[luk]
[l?v]
[leit]
[lain]
[?lisn]
the last lesson, a long life, look like a plate, a large lake
The little boy had a loaf of bread and some beef for his lunch.I like those yellow and blue flowers.[f?:l] [sel] [b???] [??p?l]
[?pi:p??]
a small ball, cool noodles, twelve children, a middle school.The hall is full of old pencil.The girl took the pencil on the table.半元音[w]
[weit]
[w??k]
[wen]
[west]
[?wint?]
a warm welcome, white walls, when and where, wash and wear He was waiting for the woman in the wind.Wearing a sweater, his wife looked young.[j]
[jes]
[ju:?]
[j??]
[j??]
[jet]
a new student, a yellow suit, a few courtyards, a beautiful young girl Happy New Year to you!The junior students are listening to the music.繞口令練習(xí):
She sells seashells on the seashore.音標(biāo)教學(xué)補(bǔ)充說明：
1.關(guān)于音節(jié)的概念 2.重音 如：interesting 3.連讀與吞音
4.單詞變形后的發(fā)音：
likes, socks, speaks, books, makes，eats, carrots, hats, wants, weekends, foods, reads，stories, boys, bananas, apples, eggs, musicians, dances, watches, brushes 4.不定冠詞a/ an的使用：
a book, a chair, a language, a movie，an apple, an orange, an angry man, an article, an example
注意：a unit, a university, a useful book
an uncle, an unusual book, an ugly dog, an hour, an honest boy
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