第一篇：英語三級(jí)考試八種時(shí)態(tài)的用法

八種時(shí)態(tài)的具體用法：

一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) 表示現(xiàn)階段經(jīng)常或習(xí)慣發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài),或說明主語的特征。① 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)句子中常有的時(shí)間狀語：often,usually,sometimes,always,every(day等)，once/twice,a(week等), on(Sunday等),never,in the(morning等)。如：They go to the Palace Museum once a year.(他們每年去一次故宮)/ They often discuss business in the evening.(他們經(jīng)常在晚上商談生意)② 表示客觀真理、事實(shí)、人的技能或現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)時(shí)句子里一般不用時(shí)間狀語。如：The earth turns round the sun.(地球繞著太陽轉(zhuǎn))/ Light travels faster than sound.(光傳播比聲音快)③ 表示十分確定會(huì)發(fā)生(如安排好的事情)或按照時(shí)間表進(jìn)行的事情,用一般現(xiàn)在可以表達(dá)將來,句子中可以有將來時(shí)間。如：The train for Haikou leaves at 8：00 in the morning.(開往漢口的列車上午8點(diǎn)開車)④ 在時(shí)間狀語從句中(以when, after, before, while, until, as soon as等引導(dǎo))和條件狀語從句中(以if,unless引導(dǎo)),用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替一般將來時(shí),句子可以有將來時(shí)間。如：Please ring me up as soon as you arrive in Germany.(你一到德國就給我打電話)/ If it rains tomorrow,we will have to stay at home.(如果明天下雨我們就只好呆在家)⑤ 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)用于倒裝句中可以表示正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,動(dòng)詞以come, go為主。如：Here comes the bus.(車來了)/ There goes the bell.(鈴響了)。⑥ 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)常用于體育比賽的解說或寓言故事中。Now the midfield player catches the ball and he keeps it.⑦ 人的心理活動(dòng)和感官動(dòng)作一般用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)而不用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表達(dá),常見動(dòng)詞有：like, love, hate, dislike, want, wish, hope, think(認(rèn)為),understand, remember, forget, mean, need, hear, feel, see.如：I think it is going to snow.(我想天要下雪了)/ I really hope you can enjoy your stay here.(我真的希望你愉快地呆在這兒)

一般過去時(shí) 表示過去某時(shí)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài),這種動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)可能是一次性,也可能經(jīng)常 發(fā)生。① 表示過去具體時(shí)刻發(fā)生的一次性動(dòng)作時(shí),時(shí)間狀語有：at(eight)(yesterday morning),(ten minutes)ago, when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句。如：I got up at 6：00 this morning.(我是早上六點(diǎn)鐘起床的)/ Little Tom broke the window at half past nine this morning.(小湯姆今天早上九點(diǎn)半把窗子打破了)/ When he went into the room,he saw a stranger talking with his father.(他走進(jìn)房間時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)一個(gè)陌生人正和他父親談話)② 表示過去一段時(shí)間內(nèi)不知何時(shí)發(fā)生的一次性動(dòng)作時(shí),時(shí)間狀語有：yesterday, last(year等), in(1998 等)。如：He came to our city in the year 2000.(他2000年來到我們市)③ 表示過去一個(gè)階段中經(jīng)常發(fā)生的事情時(shí),時(shí)間狀語有：last…, in…, from…to…, for(10 years),often,usually, sometimes, always, never等。如：Mr Jackson usually went to evening schools when he was young./ Every day he went to the rich man and borrowed books from him.④ 講故事、對(duì)過去經(jīng)歷的回憶、雙方都明白的過去事件等一般用過去時(shí),而且經(jīng)常省略時(shí)間狀語。如：I happened to meet Rose in the street.(我正好在街上遇到露西)

一般將來時(shí) 表示將來某一時(shí)刻或經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。①一般將來時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語有：tomorrow,this(afternoon),next(year),one day,now,soon，someday,sometime, in the future, when引導(dǎo)的從句等。② 用will構(gòu)成的將來時(shí),表示動(dòng)作與人的主觀愿望無關(guān)?！皊hall”用于第一人稱,“will”

用于所有人

稱。如：I will graduate from this school soon.(我很快就要從這所中學(xué)畢業(yè)了)/ You will stay alone after I leave.(我走了之后你就要一個(gè)人過了)③ “am/is/are going to+動(dòng)詞原形”表示打算或準(zhǔn)備要做的事情,或者主觀判斷即將要發(fā)生的事情,而“am/is/are to +動(dòng)詞原形”表示安排或計(jì)劃中的動(dòng)作。如：A man told them that the woman was to give birth to the special baby.(有一個(gè)人告訴他們那個(gè)婦女就會(huì)生下那個(gè)特別的男孩)/ It’s going to rain soon.(天快要下雨了)④ 表示一個(gè)人臨時(shí)決定要做某事,可以用will表達(dá)。如：I will go to the lab to get some chemicals(化學(xué)藥劑).So please wait until I return.(我要到化學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)室去取些藥品,請(qǐng)等我回頭)⑤ 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)也可以表示將來。(見相應(yīng)時(shí)態(tài))⑥ shall和will 在口語的一些疑問句中相當(dāng)于情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。Shall一般與第一人稱連用,will與第二人稱連用。如：Shall we go to the zoo next Saturday?(我們下周六去動(dòng)物園好嗎？)/ Will you please open the door for me?(替我把門打開好嗎？)

⑦ “be to +動(dòng)詞原形”表示按照計(jì)劃將要發(fā)生的事情。如：An angel came to tell her that she was to have this special boy.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí) 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或是現(xiàn)階段正發(fā)生而此刻不一定在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。①

現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)由“助動(dòng)詞be(am is are)+現(xiàn)在分詞”構(gòu)成。②

現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語有： now, this …, these…等,但經(jīng)常不用。如：What are you doing up in the tree?(你在樹上干什么？)/ I am writing a long novel these days.(我最近在寫一本長(zhǎng)篇小說)③

表示即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,一般指近期安排好的事情。常見的動(dòng)詞有：come, go, stay, leave, spend, do等。如：I’m coming now.(我就來)/ What are you doing tomorrow?(你明天干什么？)/ He is leaving soon.(他就要走了)④

表示頻繁發(fā)生或反復(fù)進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作,常與always等頻度副詞連用,以表示贊揚(yáng)、不滿或討厭等感情色彩。如：He is always borrowing money from me and forgetting all about it some time later.(他老是向我借錢,過一些時(shí)候就忘得一干二凈)

過去進(jìn)行時(shí)

過去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過去某一時(shí)刻或某階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。①

過去進(jìn)行時(shí)由“was(第一、三人稱單數(shù))或were(第二人稱單數(shù)和各人稱的復(fù)數(shù))+現(xiàn)在分詞”構(gòu)成。②

過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語有：then, at that time, this time yesterday, at(eight)yesterday(morning),(a year)ago, 以及由when引出的時(shí)間狀語從句。如：He was cooking supper this time yesterday.(昨天這個(gè)時(shí)候他正在做晚飯)/ The little girl was playing with her toy when I saw her.(我看到小女孩的時(shí)候她正在玩玩具)③

用于賓語從句或時(shí)間狀語從句中,表示與主句動(dòng)作同時(shí)進(jìn)行而且是延續(xù)時(shí)間較長(zhǎng)。句子中通常不用時(shí)間狀語。如：She was it happen when she was walking past.(她路過時(shí)看到事情的發(fā)生)/ They sang a lot of songs while they were walking in the dark forest.(他們?cè)诤诎档纳掷镒邥r(shí)唱了很多歌)④

也可以表示過去一個(gè)階段頻繁發(fā)生或反復(fù)進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作,常與always等頻度副詞連用,以表示贊揚(yáng)、不滿或討厭等感情色彩。如：He was always borrowing money from me when he lived here.(他住在這里時(shí)老向我借錢)

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示一個(gè)發(fā)生在過去的、對(duì)現(xiàn)在仍有影響的動(dòng)作,或表示開始在過去,并且一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,甚至還可能延續(xù)下去的動(dòng)作。①在完成時(shí)由“助動(dòng)詞have(has)+動(dòng)詞的過去分詞”構(gòu)成。②表示發(fā)生在過去的對(duì)現(xiàn)在仍有影響的動(dòng)作時(shí),時(shí)間狀語有：already, yet, just, once, twice,ever, never,three

times, before等。如：I have never seen such fine pictures before.(我以前從來沒有看過這么好的畫)/ He has just gone to England.(他剛?cè)ビ?③表示在過去開始一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在(可能延續(xù)下去)的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)時(shí),時(shí)間狀語有：for(two years),since 1990, since(two weeks ago)和since引導(dǎo)的狀語從句。如：I have been away from my hometown for thirty years.(我離開家鄉(xiāng)有30年了)/ Uncle Wang has worked in the factory since it opened.(自從這家工廠開張,王叔叔一直在那兒工作)④口語中have got往往表示have(有)的意思。如：They have got thousands of books in their library.(他們圖書館有上萬本書)⑤have been to與have gone to的區(qū)別：have gone to(“已經(jīng)去了”)表示人不在這里,have been to(“去過”)表示人在這里。如：--Where is Mr Li? –He has gone to the UK.(李先生在哪里？他去了英國。)/--Do you know something about Beijing? –Yes,I have been to Beijing three times.(你知道北京的情況嗎？是的,我去過那里三次。)⑥在完成時(shí)中,一個(gè)瞬間性動(dòng)詞(一次性動(dòng)作)不能與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語連用,此時(shí)須將該瞬間動(dòng)詞改為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞或狀態(tài)動(dòng)詞。具體變化見下表：

瞬間性動(dòng)詞的完成時(shí) → 延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞或狀態(tài)動(dòng)詞的完成時(shí) have(already)gone to… have been in / at … for(two years)has

come to… has been here since(1990)(had)

left…(had)been away from…

arrived…

been in…

died

been dead

begun

been on

ended

been over

bought...had…

borrowed…

kept…

joined…

been in …

或者使用下面這個(gè)句型：It is / has been +(多久)+ since + 主語(人)+謂語(過去時(shí))+……+過去時(shí)間狀語

[注意] 在其它的時(shí)態(tài)中也存在類似問題,記住,關(guān)鍵是：瞬間動(dòng)詞不能和表達(dá)一段時(shí)間的狀語連用。如：How long may I keep the book?(這本書我能借多久？)(句子中keep取代了borrow)

過去完成時(shí)

過去完成時(shí)表示過去某一時(shí)間或某一動(dòng)作發(fā)生之前已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作。簡(jiǎn)言之, 過去完成時(shí)所表示的時(shí)間是“過去的過去”。①過去完成時(shí)由“助動(dòng)詞had+動(dòng)詞的過去分詞”構(gòu)成。②過去完成時(shí)時(shí)間狀語有：by(yesterday), by then, by the end of(last…)或者由when,before等引出狀語從句。有時(shí)句子中會(huì)有already, just, once, ever, never等詞語,也會(huì)有for… 或since…構(gòu)成的時(shí)間狀語。如：They had already finished cleaning the classroom when their teacher came.(當(dāng)老師來的時(shí)候他們已經(jīng)打掃完了教室)/ The woman had left before he realized she was a cheat.(在他發(fā)覺那個(gè)婦女是個(gè)騙子時(shí)她已經(jīng)走掉了)③過去完成時(shí)常用于賓語從句中、after引導(dǎo)的從句中,或者從句是before引導(dǎo)的主句中。如：After I had put on my shoes and hat,I walked into the darkness.(我穿上鞋子戴上帽子走進(jìn)了黑暗之中)/ He said that he had never seen a kangaroo before.(他說他以前從來沒有見過袋鼠)

過去將來時(shí)

過去將來時(shí)表示在過去預(yù)計(jì)將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。①過去將來時(shí)由“助動(dòng)詞should(第一人稱)或would(第二、三人稱)+動(dòng)詞原形”構(gòu)成。在美國英語中,過去將來時(shí)的助動(dòng)詞一律用“would +動(dòng)詞原形”。②過去將來時(shí)常由于賓語從句中,時(shí)間狀語有：later, soon, the next(day).③在時(shí)間狀語從句和條件狀語從句中不可以使用過去將來時(shí),而應(yīng)該使用一般過去時(shí)。如：He promised that he would pay me a lot if I helped him with the project.(他答應(yīng)付

給我許多錢如果我?guī)椭隳莻€(gè)項(xiàng)目)/ Every time when he was free,he would sit down and read some books.(每次只要他有空他就會(huì)坐下來看看書)④表示純粹的將來時(shí)用would或should,表示打算或主觀認(rèn)為的事情用was/were going to(+動(dòng)詞原形)。如：She told me she would be 18 the next month.(她告訴我她下個(gè)月就18歲了)/ She told me that she was going to have a walk with her pet dog.(她告訴我她打算帶她的寵物狗去散步)⑤過去將來時(shí)還可以表示一個(gè)過去經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作。如：When it rained in the day, he would bring an umbrella with him.(白天下雨時(shí)他會(huì)隨身帶一把雨傘)

(9)現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)：現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)指一個(gè)從過去就開始一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在并由可能繼續(xù)下去的動(dòng)作,它具有現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)雙重特征,結(jié)構(gòu)是：“have/has + been +動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞”。如：I have been swimming in the cold water for about two hours.(我已經(jīng)在冰冷的水里游了將近兩個(gè)小時(shí))/ How long have you been waiting here?(你在這里一直等了多久？)21

其他回答 共5條 一)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)

時(shí)態(tài)是謂語動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作或情況發(fā)生時(shí)間的各種形式.英語動(dòng)詞有16種時(shí)態(tài).但是常見的只有九種:一般現(xiàn)在時(shí).一般過去時(shí).一般將來時(shí).現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí).過去進(jìn)行時(shí).現(xiàn)在完成時(shí).過去完成時(shí).過去將來時(shí).現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí).常用的時(shí)態(tài)只有八種.1.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的用法

1)表示經(jīng)常性.習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作,表示現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài).特征和真理.句中常用 often.usually.every day等時(shí)間狀語.例如: He goes to school every day.(經(jīng)常性動(dòng)作)He is very happy.(現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài))

The earth moves around the sun.(真理)

2)在時(shí)間狀語從句和條件狀語從句中.用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來.例如: If you come this afternoon.we’ ll have a meeting.When I graduate.I`ll go to the countryside.3)有時(shí)這個(gè)時(shí)態(tài)表示按計(jì)劃.規(guī)定要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作.(句中都帶有時(shí)間狀語)但限于少數(shù)動(dòng)詞如 begin.come.leave.go.arrive.start.stop.return.open.close等.例如: The meeting begins at seven.The train starts at nine in the morning.4)表示狀態(tài)和感覺的動(dòng)詞.如 be.like.hate.think.remember.find.sound等常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí).例如:

I like English very much.The story sounds very interesting.5)書報(bào)的標(biāo)題.小說等情節(jié)介紹常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí).2.一般過去時(shí)的用法

l)表示過去某時(shí)間發(fā)生的事.存在的狀態(tài)或過去反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作.He saw Mr Wang yesterday.He worked in a factory in 1986

2)表示過去經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作.也可用[used to“和[would +動(dòng)詞原形”.例如: I used to smoke.During the vacation I would swim in the sea.注意,used to表示過去常發(fā)生而現(xiàn)在不再發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài).另外?[to be used to +名詞(動(dòng)句詞)[表示“習(xí)慣于--.例如

I am used to the climate here.He is used to swimming in winter.3.一般將來時(shí)的用法

一般將來時(shí)表示將來的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài).其表達(dá)形式除了[ will或 shall十動(dòng)詞原形”外.還有以下幾種形式.l)[ to be going to十動(dòng)詞原形“.表示即將發(fā)生的或最近打算進(jìn)行的事.例如: It is going to rain.We are going to have a meeting today.2)go.come.start.move.sail.leave等可用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)表示按計(jì)劃即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作.例如:

I`m leaving for Beijing.3)[be to十動(dòng)詞原形”表示按計(jì)劃要發(fā)生的事或征求對(duì)方意見.例如: Are we to go on with this work?

The boy is to go to school tomorrow.4)[ be about to十動(dòng)詞原形“表示即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作.例如: We are about to leave.5)某些詞.如 come.go.leave.arrive.start等的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)也可表示將來.The meeting starts at five o`clock.He is leaving tomorrow.4.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法

1)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作.由[ to be十現(xiàn)在分詞”構(gòu)成.另外[系動(dòng)詞十介詞或副詞“也表示進(jìn)行時(shí)的意義.例如: What are you doing?

The bridge is under construction.2)表示感覺.愿望和狀態(tài)的某些動(dòng)詞如 have.be.hear.see.like等詞一般不用進(jìn)行時(shí).5.過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法

l)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過去某一時(shí)刻.某一階段正進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作.由[ was(were)十現(xiàn)在分詞”構(gòu)成.例如:

In 1980 he was studying in a university.He was reading a novel when I came in.6.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的用法

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)由[ have十過去分詞“構(gòu)成.其使用有兩種情況:

1)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)所表示的動(dòng)作在說話之前已完成.而對(duì)現(xiàn)在有影響.句中沒有具體時(shí)間狀語.例如

He has gone to Fuzhou.(說話人認(rèn)為他不在該地)He has been to Fuzhou.(說話人認(rèn)為他在該地)

2)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)所表示的動(dòng)作開始于過去.持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在.也許還會(huì)持續(xù)下去.常用for和 since表示一段時(shí)間的狀語或 so far.now.today.this week(month.year)等表示包括現(xiàn)在時(shí)問在內(nèi)的狀語.例如: He has studied English for 5 years.He has studied English since 1985.Now I have finished the work.注意:表示短暫時(shí)間動(dòng)作的詞.如 come.go.die.marry.buy等的完成時(shí)不能與for.since等表示一段時(shí)間的詞連用.3)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)還可用在時(shí)間和條件狀語從句中.表示將來某時(shí)完成的動(dòng)作.例如: I`ll go to your home when I have finished my homework.If it has stopped snowing in the morning.we`ll go to the park.7.過去完成時(shí)的用法

l)過去完成時(shí)由[ had十過去分詞”構(gòu)成.過去完成時(shí)的動(dòng)詞表示過去某一時(shí)刻或某一動(dòng)作之前完成的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài).句中常用 by.before.until.when等詞引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語.例如:

By the end of last year we had built five new houses.I had learnt 5000 words before I entered the university.2)過去完成時(shí)的動(dòng)詞還可表示過去某一時(shí)刻之前發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)持續(xù)到過去某個(gè)時(shí)間或持續(xù)下去.例如:

Before he slept.he had worked for 12 hours.8.過去將來時(shí)的用法

過去將來時(shí)表示從過去的某時(shí)間看來將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài).過去將來時(shí)由[ should或 would十動(dòng)詞原形“構(gòu)成.第一人稱用 should.其他人稱用 would.例如:

They were sure that they would succeed.9.現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法

現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)由[ have(has)十 been十現(xiàn)在分詞”構(gòu)成.表示現(xiàn)在以前一直在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作.有些詞.如 work.study.live.teach等用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)與用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)意思差不多.例如:

I have worked here for three years.I have been working here for three years.但多數(shù)動(dòng)詞在這兩種時(shí)態(tài)中表示不同意思.例如: I have written a letter(已寫完)

I have been writing a letter.(還在寫)

注意:表示短暫動(dòng)作的動(dòng)詞.如 finish.marry.get up.come.go等不能用這種時(shí)態(tài).回答者： huangyongwen60 | 六級(jí) | 2010-8-5 11:38 一、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的用法

1．表示現(xiàn)在習(xí)慣或經(jīng)常反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。常與always, usually, often, sometimes, every day(week, month)等連用。

He plays football twice a week.I sometimes go to work on foot.2．表示現(xiàn)在的事實(shí)或狀態(tài)。

It’s cold today.You look tired now.3．表示主語所具有的特征，性格和能力等。

She is a famous singer.Tom likes swimming.4．表示客觀事實(shí)或普遍真理。

It’s far from the earth to the sun.Five and three makes eight.5．表示已預(yù)先安排或計(jì)劃好將來確定會(huì)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。但主要用于go, come, leave, start, return, arrive等瞬間動(dòng)詞。

The train from London arrives at 7:00.He leaves on business the day after tomorrow.6．在時(shí)間及條件狀語從句中表示將來的動(dòng)作。

I’ll call you as soon as I get there.I’ll come if he invites me.7．在以here, there開頭的句子里，表示正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。

Here comes the bus!

There goes the bell!鈴響了！

當(dāng)主語是代詞時(shí)，代詞必須放在動(dòng)詞之前。如：

There he comes!他來了！

8．某些表示心理狀態(tài)和感覺的動(dòng)詞，如feel, love, hope, want, understand等表示現(xiàn)在發(fā)生的具體行為。

I feel pain in my head.I don’t understand what you mean.此時(shí)只用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)而不用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。

二、一般過去時(shí)的用法

1．表示過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，常與表示過去時(shí)間的副詞如：yesterday, last week, two hours ago等連用。

My family moved here five years ago.I was born in 1973.。

2．表示過去一段時(shí)間經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。這時(shí)可與頻度副詞如：often, usually, always等連用。

He always worked into night those days.I often left on business in 1987.1987 表示“過去經(jīng)常，而今不再”時(shí)，要用used to（意指現(xiàn)在已不是這樣）

如：I used to read newspaper after breakfast.The children often swam in this river.3．表示過去發(fā)生的一連串動(dòng)作。

He put down the heavy box, took out the keys, and opened the door.過去發(fā)生的一連串動(dòng)作，若用and, or, but等并列連詞連接，則一律用過去式。

They moved the chairs to the table, sat down and began to have supper.4．在時(shí)間和條件狀語從句中，用一般過去時(shí)表示過去將來的動(dòng)作。

He said that he would let me know as soon as he got the information.Mary told me that she would stay at home if it rained.三、一般將來時(shí)的用法

（1）表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，常與表示將來的時(shí)間狀語如next month, tomorrow, in a week, soon等連用。

I will go to the zoo next Sunday.She’ll go to the cinema tonight.（2）表示將來經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作

Some birds will fly away to the south when winter comes.（3）“be going to+動(dòng)詞原形”可以表示：

I）根據(jù)目前跡象某件事情很有可能發(fā)生。

Look at those clouds!It’s going to rain.II）打算、計(jì)劃、決定要做某事

We’re going to meet outside the school gate.will與be going to都可表示將來，通?？苫Q，但下面幾種情形只用will而不用be going to。

（1）表示“帶有意愿色彩的將來”時(shí)

I’ll help you if you need.（2）問對(duì)方是否愿意或表示客氣的邀請(qǐng)或命令時(shí)

Will you go shopping with me?

Will you please open the door?（3）表示客觀必然會(huì)發(fā)生的事情

It will be Monday tomorrow.（4）在含有時(shí)間狀語從句或條件狀語從句的復(fù)合句中，主句如果是將來時(shí)，則多用will。

I’ll take care of your baby when you are out.I’ll open the window if you smoke here.四、過去將來時(shí)的用法

過去將來時(shí)的用法與一般將來時(shí)的用法相同（參見一般將來時(shí)）

過去將來時(shí)表示過去習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作時(shí)，只能用would，而不用should。如： I would swim in this pool when I was a child.This window wouldn’t close.五、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法

（1）表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。常與now, at present, at this, moment等連用。

It is snowing now.He is watching TV at present（2）與these days, this week/month等連用，表示現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。He is studying hard these days.He is writing a book.在“Look!, Listen!”等感嘆句后，通常用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。如： Look!The bus is coming.比較：Look!There comes the bus.（以Here, There為首的句子以一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。）

（3）與表示將來的時(shí)間狀語連用，表示最近計(jì)劃或安排好的將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，主要用于go, come, arrive, leave start, return等瞬間動(dòng)詞。即用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來。

He is leaving for Nanjing tonight.The meeting is beginning at three this afternoon.（4）與always, continually, forever等詞連用，表示反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的動(dòng)作，代替一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，表達(dá)說話人強(qiáng)烈的感情。如贊揚(yáng)、不滿、討厭等。如：

He is always asking such silly questions.He is continually making mistakes.。

沒有進(jìn)行時(shí)的動(dòng)詞

1． 表示“存在、位置”的動(dòng)詞。如：be（是），lie（位于），stand（位于）

She is a doctor.The mountain lies in the middle of the country.The tower stands beside the river.lie, stand分別作“躺、站”解時(shí)，可用于現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。如：

The cat is lying under the table.He is standing against the door.2． 表示“所有”的動(dòng)詞。如：have（有），own（擁有）

I have a new car.He owns a lot of houses.當(dāng)have作“吃、舉行”講時(shí)，可用于現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。如：

She is having lunch now.They are having a sports meeting.3． 表示感覺的動(dòng)詞。如：see（看到），hear（聽到），smell（聞到），feel（摸起來），taste（嘗起來），find（發(fā)現(xiàn)）等。

I see a snake lying in the grass.4． 表示心理活動(dòng)和情感的動(dòng)詞，如：know（知道），understand（理解），think（作為），like（喜歡），love（愛），hate（恨），hope（希望），want（想要）等

I think they are right.I like music.think作“想，考慮”解時(shí)，可用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。如：

I’m thinking about it now.Do you know what he is thinking about?

六、過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法

過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法與現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)用法相同，只不過參照的時(shí)間基準(zhǔn)點(diǎn)不同。（1）過去進(jìn)行表示過去某一時(shí)刻正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。一般和特定的時(shí)間狀語或狀語從句連用。如：then, at that time, at eight yesterday, this time yesterday, when he came in等。

I was playing volley-ball this time last Sunday.Li Fang was watching TV when her father came back.（2）過去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過去某段時(shí)間是持續(xù)進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。

They were making ships last month.（3）go, come, leave等瞬間動(dòng)詞的過去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過去某一時(shí)間安排或計(jì)劃好的即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。

The plane was arriving at eight.飛

過去進(jìn)行時(shí)與一般過去時(shí)的區(qū)別

過去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過去某一動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行，強(qiáng)調(diào)“動(dòng)作的連續(xù)性”，而一般過去時(shí)則表示一個(gè)完成的動(dòng)作，強(qiáng)調(diào)“有過這件事”。

I was playing chess last night.I played chess last night.My father worked last Sunday.My father was working last Sunday.七、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的用法

（1）表示動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成，但后果或影響仍在。常與already, just, yet等副詞連用。

I have just read your letter.He has already come back.(2）表示過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在。常與for或since引導(dǎo)的一段時(shí)間狀語連用。

He has lived here for three years.I have been here since 1976.①．for后通常跟一個(gè)時(shí)間段，而since后只能跟一個(gè)具體的時(shí)間點(diǎn)。如：for two weeks持續(xù)兩周時(shí)間；since Monday自從周一。

②．現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的肯定句，其謂語動(dòng)詞如果是瞬間動(dòng)詞，如come, go, begin, join等，則不可與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語連用。

如：他到此兩周了：He has arrived here for two weeks.（×）此時(shí)需轉(zhuǎn)換表達(dá)方式： ①用ago代替for，并改為一般過去時(shí)②用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞代替瞬間動(dòng)詞③用It is/It has been…since…句型，如：

He arrived here two weeks ago.He has been here for two weeks.It is/It has been two weeks since he arrived here.當(dāng)瞬間動(dòng)詞用于否定句時(shí)，則可以與時(shí)間段連用。如： I haven’t gone there for six years.（3）表示過去發(fā)生過一次或多次的動(dòng)作已成為某種經(jīng)驗(yàn)。

I have been to Paris twice.It’s one of the most interesting films I’ve ever seen.比較have been to與have gone to

have been to表示“去過某地”，現(xiàn)在已回來了，可以與ever ,since等詞連用。如：

I have ever been to London.have gone to表示“去某地了”現(xiàn)在尚未回來，不能與ever, since等詞連用。

He has gone to London.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與一般過去時(shí)的區(qū)別

二者都表示“動(dòng)作已經(jīng)發(fā)生”，區(qū)別在于：

（1）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)這一動(dòng)作與現(xiàn)在的關(guān)系，即對(duì)現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果、影響等，而一般過去時(shí)只表示過去的事實(shí)，不表示和現(xiàn)在的關(guān)系。He has learned French for three years.他學(xué)法語已三年了。He learned French for three years.他曾學(xué)過三年法語。

Who has taken my bag? I couldn't find it.誰拿走了我的包？我找不著了！He cleaned the house yesterday.他昨天打掃過房間。

The room is clean, for he has cleaned it already.房間很干凈，因?yàn)樗呀?jīng)打掃過了。

（2）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)不可與表示過去的時(shí)間副詞連用，而一般過去時(shí)則可以。

He has done some washing yesterday.（F）

He did some washing yesterday.（T）

他昨天洗衣服了。

八、過去完成時(shí)的用法

與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的用法相同，只不過作為衡量基準(zhǔn)點(diǎn)的時(shí)間點(diǎn)不同，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)以現(xiàn)在作為衡量的基準(zhǔn)點(diǎn)，而過去完成時(shí)則以過去某個(gè)時(shí)刻作為基準(zhǔn)點(diǎn)。

（1）表示在過去某一時(shí)刻或動(dòng)作之前完成了的動(dòng)作，即“過去的過去”，常by, before引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語連用。如：

By the time he was ten, Edison had built a lab for himself.He had measured me before I could get in a word.我還沒說話，他已把衣服量完了。

We had scarcely reached the school before it began to rain.我們剛到學(xué)校天就下雨了。

（2）表示由過去某一時(shí)間開始，一直延續(xù)到過去另一時(shí)間的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。常與for和since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語相連用。

She said she had worked in that hospital for 20 years.He said he had taught in the university since 1957.（3）敘述過去發(fā)生的事情后，反過來又追敘或補(bǔ)述更早以前發(fā)生的動(dòng)作時(shí)，常用過去完成時(shí)。

I knew nothing about this matter, for I had been away for six month.Some people ran into the street.They had heard a loud noise.九、時(shí)態(tài)的一致

在一些從句（主要是賓語從句）中謂語動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)，常常受主句中謂語動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)的影響，這叫做時(shí)態(tài)的一致。

時(shí)態(tài)的一致通常分以下一些情況下考慮：

1．當(dāng)主句中的謂語動(dòng)詞是現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)或?qū)頃r(shí)態(tài)，在這種情況下，從句的謂語動(dòng)詞可以用任何所需時(shí)態(tài)。如：

I know that Mr.Brown is a good teacher.She believes that he was once a solider.He will tell us what he is going to do.2．當(dāng)主句中的謂語動(dòng)詞是過去的某種時(shí)態(tài)，在這種情況下，從句的謂語動(dòng)詞可以分為下面三種情況：

（1）如果從句的謂語動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作與主句的謂語動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，從句則需要用一般過去時(shí)或過去進(jìn)行時(shí)。如：

He was wondering where he could put the box.The students were talking while the teacher was writing on the blackboard.（2）如果從句的謂語動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主語的謂語動(dòng)作之前，從句則要用過去完成時(shí)。如：

He said his father had been dead for twenty years.他說他父親已經(jīng)去世二十年了。

（3）如果從句的謂語動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主語的謂語動(dòng)作之后，從句則要用過去將來時(shí)。如：

She said she would finish the work tonight.We knew that it was going to snow.3．當(dāng)從句所說明的為一般真理或客觀事實(shí)時(shí)，無論主句為何時(shí)態(tài)，從句不受影響，仍用現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。

The boy was told that the moon travels around the earth.Everybody knows that sixty minutes make an hour.回答者： 飄零漫雪 | 四級(jí) | 2010-8-5 11:38

1.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí): 主語+do/does(現(xiàn)在分詞)

2.一般過去時(shí): 主語+did

3.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí): 主語+am/is/are doing

4.過去進(jìn)行時(shí): was/were doing

e.g 5.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí): have/has done

6.過去完成時(shí): had done

7.一般將來時(shí): will do/

8.過去將來時(shí): was/were to /would do

回答者： dolphin°の調(diào) | 十級(jí) | 2010-8-5 11:39

英語的時(shí)態(tài)（tense）是一種動(dòng)詞形式，不同的時(shí)態(tài)用以表示不同的時(shí)間與方式。

是表示行為、動(dòng)作和狀態(tài)在各種時(shí)間條件下的動(dòng)詞形式。因此，當(dāng)我們說時(shí)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)的時(shí)候，指的是相應(yīng)時(shí)態(tài)下的動(dòng)詞形式。

英語時(shí)態(tài)分為16種：一般現(xiàn)在、一般過去、一般將來、過去將來時(shí)，以及這四者的進(jìn)行時(shí)、完成時(shí)和完成進(jìn)行時(shí)

下面就英語中常見的八種基本時(shí)態(tài)進(jìn)行闡述，其它的時(shí)態(tài)都是在這八種時(shí)態(tài)的基礎(chǔ)上結(jié)合而成的。

一、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：

1.概念：經(jīng)常、反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或行為及現(xiàn)在的某種狀況。

2.時(shí)間狀語： always, usually, often, sometimes, every week(day, year, month…), once a week, on Sundays，3.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：動(dòng)詞 原形（如主語為第三人稱單數(shù)，動(dòng)詞上要改為第三人稱單數(shù)形式）

4.否定形式：am/is/are+not;此時(shí)態(tài)的謂語動(dòng)詞若為行為動(dòng)詞，則在其前加don't,如主語為第三人稱單數(shù)，則用doesn't，同時(shí)還原行為動(dòng)詞。

5.一般疑問句：把be動(dòng)詞放于句首；用助動(dòng)詞do提問，如主語為第三人稱單數(shù)，則用does，同時(shí)，還原行為動(dòng)詞。

6.例句：.It seldom snows here.He is always ready to help others.Action speaks louder than words.二、一般過去時(shí)：

1.概念：過去某個(gè)時(shí)間里發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)；過去習(xí)慣性、經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作、行為。

2.時(shí)間狀語：ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week,last(year, night, month…), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc.3.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：be動(dòng)詞；行為動(dòng)詞 的過去式

4.否定形式：was/were+not;在行為動(dòng)詞前加didn't，同時(shí)還原行為動(dòng)詞。

5.一般疑問句：was或were放于句首；用助動(dòng)詞do的過去式did 提問，同時(shí)還原行為動(dòng)詞。

6.例句：She often came to help us in those days.I didn't know you were so busy.三、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：

1.概念：表示現(xiàn)階段或說話時(shí)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作及行為。

2.時(shí)間狀語：now, at this time, these days, etc.3.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：am/is/are+doing

4.否定形式：am/is/are+not+doing.5.一般疑問句：把be動(dòng)詞放于句首。

6.例句： How are you feeling today?

He is doing well in his lessons.四、過去進(jìn)行時(shí)：

1.概念：表示過去某段時(shí)間或某一時(shí)刻正在發(fā)生或進(jìn)行的行為或動(dòng)作。

2.時(shí)間狀語：at this time yesterday, at that time或以when引導(dǎo)的謂語動(dòng)詞是一般過去時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語等。

3.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：was/were+doing

4.否定形式：was/were + not + doing.5.一般疑問句：把was或were放于句首。

6.例句：At that time she was working in a PLA unit.When he came in, I was reading a newspaper.五、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：

1.概念：過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果，或從過去已經(jīng)開始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。

2.時(shí)間狀語：recently, lately, since…for…,in the past few years, etc.3.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：have/has + done

4.否定形式：have/has + not +done.5.一般疑問句：have或has。

6.例句：I've written an article.The countryside has changed a lot in the past few years.六、過去完成時(shí)：

1.概念：以過去某個(gè)時(shí)間為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，在此以前發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或行為，或在過去某動(dòng)作之前完成的行為，即“過去的過去”。

2.時(shí)間狀語：before, by the end of last year(term, month…),etc.3.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：had + done.4.否定形式：had + not + done.5.一般疑問句：had放于句首。

6.例句：As soon as we got to the station, the train had left.By the end of last month.We had reviewed four books七、一般將來時(shí)：

1.概念：表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)及打算、計(jì)劃或準(zhǔn)備做某事。

2.時(shí)間狀語：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year…),soon, in a few minutes, by…,the day after tomorrow, etc.3.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：am/is/are/going to + do；will/shall + do.4.否定形式：was/were + not;在行為動(dòng)詞前加didn't，同時(shí)還原行為動(dòng)詞。

5.一般疑問句：be放于句首；will/shall提到句首。

6.例句：They are going to have a competition with us in studies.It is going to rain.八、過去將來時(shí)：

1.概念：立足于過去某一時(shí)刻，從過去看將來，常用于賓語從句中。

2.時(shí)間狀語：the next day(morning, year…),the following month(week…),etc.3.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：was/were/going to + do；would/should + do.4.否定形式：was/were/not + going to + do;would/should + not + do.5.一般疑問句：was或were放于句首；would/should 提到句首。

6.例句：He said he would go to Beijing the next day.I asked who was going there.九.將來完成時(shí)：

1.概念：在將來某一時(shí)刻之前開始的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)

2.時(shí)間狀語：by the time of;by the end of+時(shí)間短語（將來）;by the time+從句（將來）

3.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：be going to/will/shall + have done

十.現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí):

1.概念：在過去某一時(shí)刻之前開始的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)一直持續(xù)到說話為止

2.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：have/has +been+doing 幾種常見時(shí)態(tài)的相互轉(zhuǎn)換

英語中的幾種時(shí)態(tài)在一定情況下可以互相轉(zhuǎn)換，以下是幾種常見的轉(zhuǎn)換形式：

十一、一般過去時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的轉(zhuǎn)換

在現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)中，延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞能與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語連用，瞬間動(dòng)詞卻不能。但是，可用別的表達(dá)方式：①瞬間動(dòng)詞用于“一段時(shí)間 + ago”的一般過去時(shí)的句型中；②瞬間動(dòng)詞可改成與之相對(duì)應(yīng)的延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞及短語，與一段時(shí)間連用；③瞬間動(dòng)詞用于“It is + 一段時(shí)間 + since + 一般過去時(shí)”的句型中，表示“自從……以來有……時(shí)間”的意思，主句一般用it is來代替It has been;④瞬間動(dòng)詞用于“Some time has passed since + 一般過去時(shí)”的句型中。請(qǐng)看：

A.He joined the League two years ago.B.He has been in the League for two years.C.It is two years since he joined the League.D.Two years has passed since he joined the League.十二、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)與現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的轉(zhuǎn)換

在一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)中，at加上名詞表示“處于某種狀態(tài)”，如at work（在工作）, at school（上學(xué)、上課）等。此短語可與進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)換。請(qǐng)看：

Peter is at work, but Mike is at play.Peter is working, but Mike is playing.十三、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)與一般將來時(shí)的轉(zhuǎn)換

在現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)中g(shù)o, come, leave, start, arrive等動(dòng)詞常與表示將來的時(shí)間狀語連用表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。如：I am coming, Mum!意為“我就來，媽媽！”請(qǐng)看：

The train is leaving soon.The train will leave soon.回答者： kevinyb | 八級(jí) | 2010-8-5 11:39一、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)

1.概念：經(jīng)常、反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或行為及現(xiàn)在的某種狀況。

2.時(shí)間狀語： Always, usually, often, sometimes, every week(day, year, month…), once a week(day, year, month…), on Sundays.3.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：動(dòng)詞 原形（如主語為第三人稱單數(shù)，動(dòng)詞上要改為第三人稱單數(shù)形式）

4.否定形式：主語/三單+do/does not+V原+其他

5.一般疑問句：用助動(dòng)詞do提問，如主語為第三人稱單數(shù)，則用does，同時(shí)，還原行為動(dòng)詞。

6.例句:He is always ready to help others.Do you like it?

I don't like it at all.二、一般過去時(shí)

1.概念：過去某個(gè)時(shí)間里發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)；過去習(xí)慣性、經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作、行為。

2.時(shí)間狀語：ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week, last(year, night, month…), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc.3.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+動(dòng)詞或be的過去時(shí)+名詞

4.否定形式：主語+was/were +not+其他;在行為動(dòng)詞前加didn't，同時(shí)還原行為動(dòng)詞。

5.例句：She often came to help us in those days.Did they arrive at the hotel yesterday?

I didn't know you were so busy.三、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)

1.概念：現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在或當(dāng)前一段時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。可以表示有計(jì)劃的未來，也就是用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來。

2.時(shí)間狀語：now, at the moment , at the time , today , tonight , this morning , this afternoon , this evening , this week , this month , this year , while , ect.3.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+be+v.-ing〔現(xiàn)在分詞〕形式 4.例句： The leaves are turning red.Are they playing football in the playground?

He is not waiting for his brother at all.四、過去進(jìn)行時(shí)

1.概念：表示過去某段時(shí)間或某一時(shí)刻正在發(fā)生或進(jìn)行的行為或動(dòng)作。

2.時(shí)間狀語：at this time yesterday, at that time或以when引導(dǎo)的謂語動(dòng)詞是一般過去時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語等。

3.基本結(jié)構(gòu) 主語+was/were +doing +其他

4.例句：At that time she was working in a PLA unit.Was she reading the book at 12:30?

He wasn't working in his office at that time.五、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)

1.概念：過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果，或從過去已經(jīng)開始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。

2.時(shí)間狀語：yet,already,just,never,ever,so far,by now,since+時(shí)間點(diǎn)，for+時(shí)間段，recently, lately, in the past few years, etc.3.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+have/has +p.p（過去分詞）+其他

4.例句：The countryside has changed a lot in the past few years.Have they finished their task? He hasn't understood yet.六、過去完成時(shí)

1.概念：以過去某個(gè)時(shí)間為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，在此以前發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或行為，或在過去某動(dòng)作之前完成的行為，即“過去的過去”。

2.時(shí)間狀語：Before, by the end of last year(term, month…), etc.until，as soon as

3.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+had + p.p（過去分詞）+其他

4.例句：As soon as we got to the station, the train had left.Had he watched this film before last Sunday? They hadn't been to Chengdu before the visit.七、一般將來時(shí)

1.概念：表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)及打算、計(jì)劃或準(zhǔn)備做某事。

2.時(shí)間狀語：Tomorrow, next day(week, month, year…),soon, in a few minutes, by…,the day after tomorrow, etc.3.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+am/is/are +going to + do+其他；主語+will/shall + do+其他

4.例句：He will phone his aunt tomorrow.Will there be a meeting at school tomorrow? We won't forget your kindness.八、過去將來時(shí)

1.概念：立足于過去某一時(shí)刻，從過去看將來，常用于賓語從句中。

2.時(shí)間狀語：The next day(morning, year…),the following month(week…),etc.3.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+was/were +going to + do+其他；主語+would/should + do+其他

4.例句：He said he would go home the next day.Did he said that he would come the next week?

She didn't expect that she would be late.

第二篇：八種時(shí)態(tài)教案

中考專題復(fù)習(xí)---動(dòng)詞的八種時(shí)態(tài)教案

課型：Revision

課前預(yù)測(cè)：學(xué)生對(duì)時(shí)態(tài)有一定的了解基礎(chǔ)，但沒有系統(tǒng)的歸納聯(lián)系。教學(xué)方法：歸納 互動(dòng) 自主學(xué)習(xí)小組合作 板書設(shè)計(jì)：Keys in PPT.教學(xué)目標(biāo)：

1.對(duì)時(shí)態(tài)進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)性地自我歸納并熟練運(yùn)用在各類題型中。

2.掌握各時(shí)態(tài)的區(qū)別點(diǎn)，對(duì)有深度的重點(diǎn)作為要點(diǎn)記憶與運(yùn)用。教學(xué)重難點(diǎn)：

1.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表將來。2.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來

3.短暫性動(dòng)詞與延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞在完成時(shí)態(tài)中的用法。4.各類時(shí)態(tài)的時(shí)間狀語 教學(xué)過程：

Step 1.通過比喻的手法展示動(dòng)詞的變化形式進(jìn)行互動(dòng)。step2.不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過去式、過去分詞的歸納與閱讀。step3.通過比喻展示各動(dòng)詞在時(shí)態(tài)中的運(yùn)用。

1.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：條件狀語從句和時(shí)間狀語從句中用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來。2.一般過去時(shí)態(tài)中often與一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)中的often.3.一般將來時(shí)態(tài)中用shall we 表征求對(duì)方建議。4.表位移的動(dòng)詞用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表將來。5.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)中的短暫性與延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞用法 6.already與yet區(qū)別的視頻教學(xué)

7.過去進(jìn)行時(shí)、過去完成時(shí)、過去將來時(shí)的用法 step4.A match How many flags do you have? step5.A game: Lucky lucky draw Ask the students to enjoy drawing by themselves , then make a sentence with the word they draw.Say them out orally in class.step6.Composition 根據(jù)中考作文，展示學(xué)生習(xí)作進(jìn)行點(diǎn)評(píng)。step7.Summary Make 8 sentences with different tenses and write them down.Step8.Homework A composition of junior high school entrance examination in Jiangxi.教學(xué)反思：

本節(jié)課將動(dòng)詞比喻為“詞才’,與學(xué)生“人才”進(jìn)行一場(chǎng)激烈的PK賽。同時(shí)將詞才的就職與人才的就職關(guān)聯(lián)起來?；菰锏恼Z法講解為生動(dòng)有趣。各教學(xué)環(huán)節(jié)以比較、歸納為特點(diǎn)，兼顧知識(shí)點(diǎn)的廣度與深度。通過詞的易容術(shù)進(jìn)行互動(dòng)，通過視頻學(xué)習(xí)already和yet，加深對(duì)完成時(shí)態(tài)的理解，通過幸運(yùn)大抽獎(jiǎng)，增加了課堂的趣味性和學(xué)生的口語表達(dá)能力，鞏固了各種時(shí)態(tài)的用法。通過學(xué)生習(xí)作的點(diǎn)評(píng)，提高了學(xué)生的糾錯(cuò)能力。本設(shè)計(jì)中的練習(xí)貼近中考前沿，為學(xué)生的備考打下了堅(jiān)實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)。

第三篇：英語時(shí)態(tài)的用法小結(jié)

英語時(shí)態(tài)的用法小結(jié)

英語常見時(shí)態(tài)的構(gòu)成：

1.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)

（1）be動(dòng)詞：is，am，are

（2）其他動(dòng)詞：?jiǎn)螖?shù)第三人稱加s。

2.一般過去時(shí)

（1）be動(dòng)詞：was，were

（2）其他動(dòng)詞：過去式，即規(guī)則動(dòng)詞加ed，不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞特殊記。

3.一般將來時(shí)

（1）will/ shall +動(dòng)詞原形

（2）is/ am/ are going to +動(dòng)詞原形

4.過去將來時(shí)

（1）would +動(dòng)詞原形

（2）was/ were + to +動(dòng)詞原形

5.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)

is/ am/ are +動(dòng)詞-ing

6.過去進(jìn)行時(shí)

was/were +動(dòng)詞-ing

7.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)

have/ has + 過去分詞

過去分詞，即規(guī)則動(dòng)詞加ed，不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞特殊記。

8.過去完成時(shí)

had + 過去分詞

英語時(shí)態(tài)的用法 一、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的用法

1．表示現(xiàn)在習(xí)慣或經(jīng)常反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。常與always, usually, often, sometimes, every day

(week, month)等連用。

He plays football twice a week.他每周踢兩次足球。

I sometimes go to work on foot.我有時(shí)步行去上班。

2．表示現(xiàn)在的事實(shí)或狀態(tài)。

It’s cold today.今天很冷。

You look tired now.你現(xiàn)在看起來很疲乏。

3．表示主語所具有的特征，性格和能力等。

She is a famous singer.她是個(gè)著名的歌唱家。

Tom likes swimming.湯姆喜歡游泳。

4．表示客觀事實(shí)或普遍真理。

It’s far from the earth to the sun.地球與太陽間的距離很遠(yuǎn)。

Five and three makes eight.五加三得八。

5．表示已預(yù)先安排或計(jì)劃好將來確定會(huì)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。如列車時(shí)刻等。

但主要用于go, come, leave, start, return, arrive等瞬間動(dòng)詞。

The train from London arrives at 7:00.從倫敦來的火車7:00到站。

He leaves on business the day after tomorrow.他后天出差。

6．在時(shí)間及條件狀語從句中表示將來的動(dòng)作。

I’ll call you as soon as I get there.我一到那里就打電話給你。

I’ll come if he invites me.如果他邀請(qǐng)我，我就來。

7．在以here, there開頭的句子里，表示正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。

Here comes the bus!汽車來了！

There goes the bell!鈴響了！

注意：當(dāng)主語是代詞時(shí)，代詞必須放在動(dòng)詞之前。如：

There he comes!他來了！

8．某些表示心理狀態(tài)和感覺的動(dòng)詞，如feel, love, hope, want, understand等表示現(xiàn)在發(fā)生的具體

行為。

I feel pain in my head.我頭疼。

I don’t understand what you mean.我不理解你的意思。

注意：此時(shí)只用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)而不用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。二、一般過去時(shí)的用法

1．表示過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，常與表示過去時(shí)間的副詞如：yesterday, last week, two

hours ago等連用。

My family moved here five years ago.我家五年前搬到了這里。

I was born in 1973.我生于1973年。

2．表示過去一段時(shí)間經(jīng)常或反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。這時(shí)可與頻度副詞如：

often, usually, always等連用。

He always worked into night those days.那些日子他總是工作到深夜。

I often left on business in 1987.1987年我經(jīng)常出差。

注意：表示“過去經(jīng)常，而今不再”時(shí)，要用used to。如：

I used to read newspaper after breakfast.我過去經(jīng)常早飯后看報(bào)紙。（意指現(xiàn)在已不是這樣）

The children often swam in this river.孩子們過去經(jīng)常在這條河里游泳。(只表示過去有過這個(gè)事情，與現(xiàn)在無關(guān))

3．表示過去發(fā)生的一連串動(dòng)作。

過去發(fā)生的一連串動(dòng)作，若用and, or, but等并列連詞連接，則一律用過去式。

He put down the heavy box, took out the keys, and opened the door.他放下這沉重的箱子，掏出鑰匙開了房門。

They moved the chairs to the table, sat down and began to have supper.他們把椅子搬到桌邊，坐下開始吃飯。

4．在時(shí)間和條件狀語從句中，用一般過去時(shí)表示過去將來的動(dòng)作。

He said that he would let me know as soon as he got the information.他說他一得到消息就立即讓我知道。

Mary told me that she would stay at home if it rained.瑪麗告訴我如果下雨她就呆在家里。三、一般將來時(shí)的用法

（1）表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，常與表示將來的時(shí)間狀語如next month, tomorrow, in a

week, soon等連用。

I will go to the zoo next Sunday.下周日我將去動(dòng)物園。

She’ll go to the cinema tonight.今晚她將去看電影。

（2）表示將來經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作

Some birds will fly away to the south when winter comes.冬季來臨時(shí)，一些鳥兒將飛往南方。

（3）“be going to+動(dòng)詞原形”可以表示：

I）根據(jù)目前跡象某件事情很有可能發(fā)生。

Look at those clouds!It’s going to rain.看那些云，快下雨了。

II）打算、計(jì)劃、決定要做某事。

We’re going to meet outside the school gate.我們打算在校門口見面。

will與is/ am/ are going to do的區(qū)別：

都可表示將來，通?？苫Q，但下面幾種情形只用will而不用be going to。

（1）表示帶有“意愿”色彩的將來時(shí)。

I’ll help you if you need.如果需要，我?guī)湍恪?/p>

（2）問對(duì)方是否愿意或表示客氣的邀請(qǐng)或命令時(shí)。

Will you go shopping with me? 你和我一起去購物嗎？

Will you please open the door? 請(qǐng)把門打開好嗎？

（3）表示客觀必然會(huì)發(fā)生的事情。

It will be Monday tomorrow.明天是周一。

（4）在含有時(shí)間狀語從句或條件狀語從句的復(fù)合句中，主句如果是將來時(shí)，則多用will。

I’ll take care of your baby when you are out.你出門時(shí)我會(huì)照看你的小寶寶。

I’ll open the window if you smoke here.你如果在這兒抽煙我就把窗戶打開。

四、過去將來時(shí)的用法

過去將來時(shí)表示從過去某一時(shí)間看將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，多用于賓語從句中，表示從句動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句動(dòng)作之后。如果表示過去習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作時(shí)，只能用would，而不用should。如：

He said he would ring me up at six.他說他六點(diǎn)鐘將給我打電話。

I would swim in this pool when I was a child.我孩童時(shí)期經(jīng)常在這個(gè)池塘游泳。

This window wouldn’t close.這個(gè)窗戶老是關(guān)不上。

五、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法

（1）表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。常與now, at present, at this, moment等連用。

It is snowing now.現(xiàn)在正在下雪。

He is watching TV at present.他正在看電視。

（2）與these days, this week/month等連用，表示現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。

He is studying hard these days.這些天他學(xué)習(xí)很努力。

He is writing a book.他在寫一本書。

注意：在“Look!, Listen!”等感嘆句后，通常用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。如：

Look!The bus is coming.看，公共汽車來了。

比較：

Look!There comes the bus.（以Here, There為首的句子以一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。）

（3）與表示將來的時(shí)間狀語連用，表示最近計(jì)劃或安排好的將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，主要用于go, come，arrive, leave start, return等瞬間動(dòng)詞。即用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來。

He is leaving for Nanjing tonight.他今晚去南京。

The meeting is beginning at three this afternoon.會(huì)議在下午3：00開始。

（4）與always, continually, forever等詞連用，表示反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的動(dòng)作，代替一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，表達(dá)說話

人強(qiáng)烈的感情。如贊揚(yáng)、不滿、討厭等。如：

He is always asking such silly questions.他老是提這類愚蠢的問題。

He is continually making mistakes.他不斷地犯錯(cuò)誤。

沒有進(jìn)行時(shí)的動(dòng)詞

1．表示“存在、位置”的動(dòng)詞。如：be（是），lie（位于），stand（位于）

She is a doctor.她是名醫(yī)生。

The mountain lies in the middle of the country.這座山位于該國的中部。

The tower stands beside the river.這座塔位于河邊。

但是，lie, stand分別作“躺、站”解時(shí)，可用于現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。如：

The cat is lying under the table.貓?zhí)稍谧雷酉旅妗?/p>

He is standing against the door.他正靠門站著。

2．表示“所有”的動(dòng)詞。如：have（有），own（擁有）

I have a new car.我有一輛新車。

He owns a lot of houses.他擁有許多房子。

但是，當(dāng)have作“吃、舉行”講時(shí)，可用于現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。如：

She is having lunch now.她現(xiàn)在正在吃午飯。

They are having a sports meeting.他們正在舉行運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)。

3．表示感覺的動(dòng)詞。如：see（看到），hear（聽到），smell（聞到），feel（摸起來），taste（嘗起來），find（發(fā)現(xiàn)）等。

I see a snake lying in the grass.我看到一條蛇躺在草叢里。

4．表示心理活動(dòng)和情感的動(dòng)詞，如：know（知道），understand（理解），think（作為），like（喜歡），love（愛），hate（恨），hope（希望），want（想要）等。

I think they are right.我認(rèn)為他們是正確的。

I like music.我喜歡音樂。

但是，think作“想，考慮”解時(shí)，可用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。如：

I’m thinking about it now.我現(xiàn)在正在考慮這事。

Do you know what he is thinking about? 你知道他在想什么嗎？

六、過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法

（1）過去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過去某一時(shí)刻正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。一般和過去的特定時(shí)間狀語或狀語從句連用。

如：then, at that time, at eight yesterday, this time yesterday, when he came in等。

I was playing volley-ball this time last Sunday.上周日的這個(gè)時(shí)候我正在打排球。

Li Fang was watching TV when her father came back.李芳的爸爸回來時(shí)她正在看電視。

（2）過去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過去某段時(shí)間是持續(xù)進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。

They were making ships last month.他們上個(gè)月正在造船。

（3）go, come, leave等瞬間動(dòng)詞的過去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過去某一時(shí)間安排或計(jì)劃好的即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。

The plane was arriving at eight.飛機(jī)八點(diǎn)到達(dá)。過去進(jìn)行時(shí)與一般過去時(shí)的區(qū)別

過去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過去某一動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行，強(qiáng)調(diào)“動(dòng)作的連續(xù)性”，而一般過去時(shí)則表示一個(gè)做完的動(dòng)作，強(qiáng)調(diào)“有過這件事”。

I was playing chess last night.昨晚我在下棋。

I played chess last night.昨晚我下棋了。

My father worked last Sunday.我爸爸上周日工作了。

My father was working last Sunday.我爸爸上周日在工作。

七、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的用法

（1）強(qiáng)調(diào)不久前完成的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的影響，常與already, just, yet等副詞連用。

I have just read your letter.我剛剛讀完你的信。

He has already come back.他已經(jīng)回來了.（2）表示過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在。常與for或since引導(dǎo)的一段時(shí)間狀語連用。for后通常跟

一個(gè)時(shí)間段，而since后只能跟一個(gè)具體的時(shí)間點(diǎn)。

for two weeks持續(xù)兩周時(shí)間；since Monday自從周一

He has lived here for three years.他在此住了兩年了。

I have been here since 1976.自從1976年我就一直在這里。瞬間動(dòng)詞及注意要點(diǎn)：

a.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的肯定句，其謂語動(dòng)詞如果是瞬間動(dòng)詞，如come, go, begin, join等，則不可與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語連用。

如：他到此兩周了。

He has arrived here for two weeks.（×）

此時(shí)需轉(zhuǎn)換表達(dá)方式：

① 用ago代替for，并改為一般過去時(shí)。

② 用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞代替瞬間動(dòng)詞。

③ 用It is/It has been…since…句型。

所以上面的句子可轉(zhuǎn)換為：

① He arrived here two weeks ago.② He has been here for two weeks.③ It is/ It has been two weeks since he arrived here.b.當(dāng)瞬間動(dòng)詞用于否定句時(shí)，則可以與時(shí)間段連用。如：

I haven’t gone there for six years.我六年沒去那兒。

（3）強(qiáng)調(diào)直到現(xiàn)在為止的生活經(jīng)歷。

I have been to Paris twice.我去過巴黎兩次。

It’s one of the most interesting films I’ve ever seen.它是我看過的最有趣的電影之一。

比較have been to與have gone to

have been to表示“去過某地”，現(xiàn)在已回來了，可以與ever ,since等詞連用。如：

I have ever been to London.我曾去過倫敦。

have gone to表示“去某地了”，現(xiàn)在尚未回來，不能與ever, since等詞連用。

He has gone to London.他去倫敦了。

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與一般過去時(shí)的區(qū)別

二者都表示“動(dòng)作已經(jīng)發(fā)生”，區(qū)別在于：

（1）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)這一動(dòng)作與現(xiàn)在的關(guān)系，即對(duì)現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果、影響等，而一般過去時(shí)只表示過

去的事實(shí)，不表示和現(xiàn)在的關(guān)系。

He has learned French for three years.他學(xué)法語已三年了。

He learned French for three years.他曾學(xué)過三年法語。

Who has taken my bag? I couldn’t find it.誰拿走了我的包？我找不著了！

He cleaned the house yesterday.他昨天打掃過房間。

The room is clean, for he has cleaned it already.房間很干凈，因?yàn)樗呀?jīng)打掃過了。

（2）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)不可與表示過去的時(shí)間副詞連用，而一般過去時(shí)則可以。

He has done some washing yesterday.（F）

He did some washing yesterday.（T）

他昨天洗衣服了。

八、過去完成時(shí)的用法

與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的用法相似，只不過作為衡量基準(zhǔn)點(diǎn)的時(shí)間點(diǎn)不同，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)以現(xiàn)在作為衡量的基準(zhǔn)點(diǎn)，而過去完成時(shí)則以過去某個(gè)時(shí)刻作為基準(zhǔn)點(diǎn)。

（1）表示在過去某一時(shí)刻或動(dòng)作之前完成了的動(dòng)作，即“過去的過去”，常by, before引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀

語連用。如：

By the time he was ten, Edison had built a lab for himself.到愛迪生10歲時(shí)，他已給自己建了一個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)室。

He had measured me before I could get in a word.我還沒說話，他已把衣服量完了。

I thought I had seen him before.我原以為以前見過他。

（2）表示由過去某一時(shí)間開始，一直延續(xù)到過去另一時(shí)間的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。常與for和since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間

狀語相連用。

She said she had worked in that hospital for 20 years.她說她已在那所醫(yī)院工作20年了。

He said he had taught in the university since 1989.他說自從1989年他就在這所大學(xué)任教。

（3）敘述過去發(fā)生的事情后，反過來又追敘或補(bǔ)述更早以前發(fā)生的動(dòng)作時(shí)，常用過去完成時(shí)。

I knew nothing about this matter, for I had been away for six month.對(duì)于此事我一無所知，因?yàn)槲乙央x開6個(gè)月了。

Some people ran into the street.They had heard a loud noise.有些人跑上了街，他們聽到很響的嘈雜聲。

時(shí)態(tài)的一致

在一些從句（主要是賓語從句）中謂語動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)，常常受主句中謂語動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)的影響，這叫做時(shí)態(tài)的一致。

時(shí)態(tài)的一致通常分以下一些情況下考慮：

1．當(dāng)主句中的謂語動(dòng)詞是現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)或?qū)頃r(shí)態(tài)，在這種情況下，從句的謂語動(dòng)詞可以用任何所需時(shí)

態(tài)。如：

I know that Mr.Brown is a good teacher.我知道布朗先生是一名好老師。

She believes that he was once a solider.她相信他以前曾是一名士兵。

He will tell us what he is going to do.他將告訴我們他要干什么。

2．當(dāng)主句中的謂語動(dòng)詞是過去的某種時(shí)態(tài)，在這種情況下，從句的謂語動(dòng)詞可以分為下面三種情況：

（1）如果從句的謂語動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作與主句的謂語動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，從句則需要用一

般過去時(shí)或過去進(jìn)行時(shí)。如：

He was wondering where he could put the box.他不知道該把這個(gè)盒子放在哪里。

The students were talking while the teacher was writing on the blackboard.老師在黑板上板書時(shí)，學(xué)生們?cè)谡f話。

（2）如果從句的謂語動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主語的謂語動(dòng)作之前，從句則要用過去完成時(shí)。如：

The train had left when they got to the station.當(dāng)他們到達(dá)車站時(shí)，火車已經(jīng)開走了。

He said his father had been dead for twenty years.他說他父親已經(jīng)去世二十年了。

（3）如果從句的謂語動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主語的謂語動(dòng)作之后，從句則要用過去將來時(shí)。如：

She said she would finish the work tonight.她說過她將于今晚完成這項(xiàng)工作。

We knew that it was going to snow.我們知道將要下雪了。

3．當(dāng)從句所說明的為一般真理或客觀事實(shí)時(shí)，無論主句為何時(shí)態(tài)，從句不受影響，仍用現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。

The boy was told that the moon travels around the earth.男孩被告知月亮繞著地球轉(zhuǎn)。

Everybody knows that sixty minutes make an hour.人人都知道一小時(shí)有六十分鐘。

第四篇：八種時(shí)態(tài)常用的標(biāo)志詞

八種時(shí)態(tài)常用的標(biāo)志詞

1、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)

表示：現(xiàn)階段經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)

標(biāo)志： often、usually、always、sometimes、everyday、in the morning/afternoon…、on Sundays, once a week etc e.g.：We go to school at six forty every day.My brother reads a book once a week.2、一般將來時(shí)

表示：將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)

標(biāo)志：tomorrow、next week、this month、in an hour、the day after tomorrow etc e.g.：He will go to see a doctor tomorrow.I am going to play basketball next week.She is coming back in an hour.3、一般過去時(shí)

表示：過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)

標(biāo)志： yesterday、last week、three days ago、the day before yesterday, in 1990 etc e.g.：I finished my work yesterday.He went to New York ten days ago.4、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)

表示：現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作

標(biāo)志：now、Look!、Listen!、It is six o’clock.e.g.：Look!The boy is playing with a cat.It’s eight o’clock.The Smiths are watching TV in the living room.5、過去進(jìn)行時(shí)

表示：過去某個(gè)時(shí)刻正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作

標(biāo)志：at six yesterday morning、from 7 to 9 yesterday、this time yesterday、也可用在when和while引導(dǎo)的從句

e.g.： He was taking a shower at 11 last night.They were cooking when the bell rang.(= While they were cooking, the bell rang.)

6、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)

結(jié)構(gòu)： Have / has done 1)表示過去發(fā)生或完成的某一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。

標(biāo)志： already（“已經(jīng)” 用于肯定句的中間和末尾處）、never(“從不”用于中間處)、ever（“曾經(jīng)” 用于疑問句和肯定句的中間處）、just(“剛剛” 用于中間處)、yet(“已經(jīng)” 用于疑問句的末尾處/“還” 用于否定句的末尾處)e.g.： I have just cleaned my clothes.我剛洗過衣服。（“洗衣服”是發(fā)生在過去的動(dòng)作，對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的結(jié)果是“衣服干凈了”）

2)表示從過去一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作，將來還可能繼續(xù)下去。標(biāo)志：for+時(shí)間段，如for three days since+時(shí)間點(diǎn)/過去時(shí)從句，如since 1998，since she left here e.g.：she has lived in Fuzhou for three years./ Since three years ago.7、過去完成時(shí)

以過去某個(gè)時(shí)間為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，在此以前發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或行為，或在過去某動(dòng)作之前完成的行為，即“過去的過去”。

標(biāo)志：before, by the end of last year(term, month?)etc.e.g.：The class had already begun when I came to school.8、過去將來時(shí)

表示：從過去某個(gè)時(shí)間看將來發(fā)生的動(dòng)作 通常在賓語從句中出現(xiàn)，主句為過去時(shí) e.g.： He said(that)he would visit the Great Wall the next day.She told me(that)she was moving to France in two days.

第五篇：初中英語時(shí)態(tài)用法小結(jié)

英語時(shí)態(tài)用法小結(jié) 根據(jù)試題統(tǒng)計(jì)，動(dòng)詞語法占語法考題中的50%左右，其內(nèi)容主要包括動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)、要掌握英語的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)，必須掌握好英語中的助動(dòng)詞(do, be, have)和時(shí)間狀語這兩個(gè)核心問題?，F(xiàn)將各考點(diǎn)分別歸納如下。

1.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)

主要用來表示人、事物的現(xiàn)在狀況和特點(diǎn)；表示經(jīng)?；蛄?xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，句子中常有often, always, from time to time 等時(shí)間狀語；表示客觀規(guī)律和永恒真理等。

He usually goes to work at 7 o’clock every morning.She has a brother who lives in New York.The earth goes around the sun.Guangzhou is situated in the south of China.考點(diǎn)一：表示永恒的真理，即使出現(xiàn)在過去的語境中，仍用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。如：I learned that the earth goes around the sun when I was in primary school.考點(diǎn)二：在時(shí)間和條件狀語從句中，代替一般將來時(shí)，常用的引導(dǎo)詞有：時(shí)間：when, until, after, before, as soon as, once, the moment / minute / day / year

條件：if, unless, provided If he accepts the job, he will get more money soon.考點(diǎn)三：在make sure(certain), see to it, mind, care, matter ＋賓語從句中，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替一般將來時(shí)。

So long as he works hard, I don’t mind when he finishes the

experiment.只要他努力工作，我不介意他什么時(shí)候做完試驗(yàn)。

考點(diǎn)四：在the more… the more …(越…越…)句型中, 若主句是一般將來時(shí), 從句通常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。

The harder you study, the better results you will get.2.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)

表說話時(shí)或目前一段時(shí)間內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行的活動(dòng)；與頻率副詞，如always，constantly，continually，again等連用，表示說話人的某種感情色彩(贊嘆、厭煩、埋怨等)。

We are having English class.The house is being built these days.The little boy is always making trouble.考點(diǎn)一：在時(shí)間狀語或條件狀語從句中表示將來正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。Look out when you are crossing the street.Don't wake him up if he is still sleeping at 7 tomorrow morning.考點(diǎn)二： 表示在最近按計(jì)劃或安排要進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作(這時(shí)多有表示將來的時(shí)間狀語)。

Marry is leaving on Friday.3.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)

表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去，完成在過去，但強(qiáng)調(diào)與現(xiàn)在情況仍有聯(lián)系，其結(jié)果或影響仍存在。現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)有一些標(biāo)志性的時(shí)間狀語。

考點(diǎn)一：for + 時(shí)間段；since + 時(shí)間點(diǎn)

They have lived in Beijing for five years.They have lived in Beijing since 1995.I have learned English for ten years.考點(diǎn)二：常見的不確定的時(shí)間狀語：lately, recently, just, already, yet, up to now;till now;so far, these days

Has it stopped raining yet?

考點(diǎn)三：在表示“最近幾世紀(jì)/年/月以來……”時(shí)間狀語中，謂語動(dòng)詞用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。

in the past few years/months/weeks/days, over the past few years, during the last three months, for the last few centuries, through centuries, throughout history 等

In the past 30 years China has made great advances in socialist construction.考點(diǎn)四：表示“的過去”，句中有明顯的參照動(dòng)作或時(shí)間狀語，這種時(shí)態(tài)從來不孤立使用。There had been 25 parks in our city up till 2000.By the end of last term we had finished the book.They finished earlier than we had expected.考點(diǎn)一：用于hardly/scarcely...when;no sooner...than句型中，主句用過去完成時(shí)，從句用一般過去時(shí)。

I had hardly finished my work when he came to see me.I had no sooner got into the room than it began to snow.No sooner had I arrived home than the telephone rang.(注意倒裝)考點(diǎn)二：表示“

“be about to + 動(dòng)詞原形”表示按照預(yù)定計(jì)劃或打算準(zhǔn)備著手進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。“be to + 動(dòng)詞原形”表示必須、必然或計(jì)劃將要做的事。

They are to be married in May.8.將來進(jìn)行時(shí)

表示將來某個(gè)時(shí)間正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，或按計(jì)劃一定會(huì)發(fā)生的事情。

I’ll be doing my homework this time tomorrow.明天這會(huì)我正在寫作業(yè)。The President will be meeting the foreign delegation at the airport.9.將來完成時(shí)

表示在將來某時(shí)刻之前業(yè)已完成的事情，時(shí)間狀語非常明顯。

考點(diǎn)一：常用的時(shí)間狀語一般用by + 將來時(shí)間，如：by the end of this year, by 8 o’clock this evening, by March next year以及由by the time…, before或when等引導(dǎo)的從句。

By the end of next month, he will have traveled 1000 miles on foot.By the time you reach the station, the train will have left.By next Tuesday, I will have got ready for the exams.考點(diǎn)二：在時(shí)間和條件狀語從句中，將來完成時(shí)則由現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示。The children will do their homework the moment they have arrived back from school.10.動(dòng)詞的語態(tài)

一般用于強(qiáng)調(diào)受者，做題時(shí)謂語動(dòng)詞后通常不再有名詞或賓語。動(dòng)詞的語態(tài)一般不單獨(dú)考，而是和時(shí)態(tài)、語氣和非謂語動(dòng)詞一起考，需要注意以下考點(diǎn)。考點(diǎn)一：不能用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)的動(dòng)詞和詞組

come true, consist of, take place, happen, become, rise, occur, belong, break out, appear, arrive, die, fall, last, exist, fail, succeedIt took place before liberation.考點(diǎn)二：下列動(dòng)詞的主動(dòng)語態(tài)表示被動(dòng)意義, 而且常與well, quite, easily, badly等副詞連用：lock, wash, sell, read, wear, blame, ride , write

Glass breaks easily.玻璃容易破碎。The car rides smoothly.這車走起

來很穩(wěn)。

The case locks easily.這箱子很好鎖。The book sells well.這本書很暢銷。

考點(diǎn)三：一些常用經(jīng)典被動(dòng)句型

It is said…, It is reported…, It is widely believed…，It is expected…, It is estimated…,這些句子一般翻譯為“據(jù)說…”，“人們認(rèn)為…”，而“以前人們認(rèn)為…”則應(yīng)該說：It was believed…, It was thought…