第一篇：英語(yǔ)五大時(shí)態(tài)歸納

一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)

一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)基本用法介紹

【No.1】一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的功能

1.表示事物或人物的特征、狀態(tài)。

2.如：The sky is blue.天空是藍(lán)色的。3.表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作。

4.如：I get up at six every day.我每天六點(diǎn)起床。3.表示客觀現(xiàn)實(shí)。如：The earth goes around the sun.地球繞著太陽(yáng)轉(zhuǎn)。

一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的構(gòu)成

1.be動(dòng)詞：主語(yǔ)+be(am,is,are)+其它。如：

I am a boy.我是一個(gè)男孩。

2.行為動(dòng)詞：主語(yǔ)+行為動(dòng)詞(+其它)。如：

We study English.我們學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)。

當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)(he, she,it)時(shí)，要在動(dòng)詞后加“-s”或“-es”。

如：Mary likes Chinese.瑪麗喜歡漢語(yǔ)。

一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的變化

1.be動(dòng)詞的變化。

否定句：主語(yǔ)+ be + not +其它。

如：He is not a worker.他不是工人。

一般疑問(wèn)句：Be +主語(yǔ)+其它。

如：-Are you a student?

-Yes.I am./ No, I'm not.特殊疑問(wèn)句：疑問(wèn)詞+一般疑問(wèn)句。如：Where is my bike?

2.行為動(dòng)詞的變化。

否定句：主語(yǔ)+ don't(doesn't)+動(dòng)詞原形(+其它)。如：

I don't like bread.當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，要用doesn't構(gòu)成否定句。如：

He doesn't often play.一般疑問(wèn)句：Do(Does)+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其它。如：

married。

④ 以重讀閉音節(jié)（或r音節(jié)）結(jié)尾，末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母時(shí)，雙寫這個(gè)輔音字母，再加ed。如： stop –stopped, prefer –preferred。

當(dāng)然，剛才提到的都是規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的構(gòu)成，我們還學(xué)過(guò)許多不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式形式。如：am – was, are – were, put – put, see – saw, eat – ate等，這些可需要我們?cè)谡n下牢牢記喲！

一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)小練習(xí): Ⅰ請(qǐng)寫出下列動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式。

is _

see _

are _

eat Ⅱ 指出下列句中的一處錯(cuò)誤，并改正。

1.We go to school early yesterday._____________________ 2.She buys a dress last week.________________________ 3.Did you liked playing football ? ________________________ 4.---Did you have a good trip ?---No, I did.______________________ 5.I enjoied Chinese very much.__________________ Ⅲ 翻譯下列句子，每空一詞。

1.你昨晚去哪了？ Where ______ you _______ last night? 2.我們昨天沒(méi)有在學(xué)校。We __________ at school yesterday.3.我兩小時(shí)前在家里。I was at home ______ _______ _______.4.你上周六去了動(dòng)物園嗎？ _______ you ________ to the zoo last Saturday? 5.我去年不喜歡學(xué)數(shù)學(xué)。I _________ like learning math last year.一般將來(lái)時(shí)

自述 :大家好！我是你們的老朋友了，還記得我是誰(shuí)嗎？看仔細(xì)了，我是一般將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)??！在英語(yǔ)中，我表示將來(lái)某個(gè)時(shí)間要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，常與tomorrow morning, next year, the day after tomorrow等表示將來(lái)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。那么，你還記得我的構(gòu)成形式嗎？

1.助動(dòng)詞will+動(dòng)詞原形 在句法中，will在名詞或代詞的后面?？s寫為’ll, will not 常縮寫為won’t。在疑問(wèn)句中，主語(yǔ)為第一人稱I 或We時(shí)，常用助動(dòng)詞shall, shall not 縮寫為shan’t。如： She will be back here tomorrow afternoon.她明天下午將要回到這兒來(lái)。

Shall we get to the zoo early tomorrow morning? 我們得明天早上早點(diǎn)到達(dá)動(dòng)物園嗎？

2.be going to +動(dòng)詞原形 該句式往往表示計(jì)劃、打算、決定要做的事或?qū)⒁l(fā)生的事。其中be有人稱和數(shù)的變化，即am, is , are。如：

I am going to watch a movie.我打算今晚看電影。

She is going to see her grandpa tomorrow.她打算明天去看望她的爺爺。

We are not going to meet outside the school gate.我們不打算在校門口見面。

3.其他

① 表示移動(dòng)性的瞬間動(dòng)詞用于進(jìn)行時(shí)，表將來(lái)。

在英語(yǔ)中，類似come等等動(dòng)詞被稱為移動(dòng)性動(dòng)詞，其進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)可以表將來(lái)，類似的動(dòng)詞還有g(shù)o, leave, start, begin等。如： The train is coming.火車就要來(lái)了。

The bus is arriving at 9:00.公交車將于早上9點(diǎn)到達(dá)。

② 在時(shí)間或條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，如果主句是一般將來(lái)時(shí)或祈使句，或是含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，則從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)來(lái)表示將來(lái)。如：

You can’t go home if you don’t finish your homework.如果你完不成作業(yè)，你不能回家。

When I am older, I think I will be a scientist.當(dāng)我長(zhǎng)大了，我認(rèn)為我會(huì)成為一個(gè)科學(xué)家。

一般將來(lái)時(shí)訓(xùn)練營(yíng)

I 用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。

1.She ________ flowers in my garden tomorrow morning.（water）

2.I will stay at home if it _________ tomorrow.（rain）

3.What are you ________ to do tomorrow?（go）

4.The radio says it ________ rainy tomorrow.（be）

5.She says she _________ me a beautiful dress tomorrow morning.（buy）

II 句型轉(zhuǎn)換。

6.Li Ming will play with a toy car.（轉(zhuǎn)換為一般疑問(wèn)句）

_____Li Ming _____ with a toy car？

7.They’ll go for a walk after supper.（轉(zhuǎn)換為否定句）

They _____ _____ for a walk after supper.8.Will the flowers come out next week?（作否定回答）

_____, _____ _____.9.I will have an English exam tomorrow.（轉(zhuǎn)換為同義句）

I _____ _____ _____ have an English exam tomorrow.10.The boys have a basketball l match on Saturday.（用next Saturday y來(lái)改寫）

The boys _____ _____ _____ _____ a basketball match next Saturday.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)用法解析

1.構(gòu)成

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)是由助動(dòng)詞 have(has)+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞構(gòu)成。助動(dòng)詞說(shuō)明該謂語(yǔ)是屬于現(xiàn)在時(shí)范圍。它和主語(yǔ)的人稱、數(shù)要保持一致。過(guò)去分詞是主要的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，說(shuō)明句子的意義。

2.用法

(1)表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去某個(gè)不確定的時(shí)間，但對(duì)現(xiàn)在留下了某種影響和結(jié)果。常被just、already、yet 等副詞修飾。如：

-Have you had lunch yet?-Yes,I have.I've just had it.你(已經(jīng))吃午飯了嗎？ 我剛剛吃過(guò)。(現(xiàn)在我不餓了)

(2)表示從過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻開始一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。這個(gè)動(dòng)作可能剛停止，可能仍然在進(jìn)行。常帶有for和since等表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)。如：He has taught here since 1981

他自1981年就在這兒教書。(可能還要繼續(xù)教)

I have't seen her for four years.我有四年沒(méi)見到她了。

(3)表示說(shuō)話前發(fā)生過(guò)一次或多次的動(dòng)作，現(xiàn)在成為一種經(jīng)驗(yàn)，一般譯為漢語(yǔ)“過(guò)”，常帶有twice,ever,never,three times等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。

如： I have been to Beijing twice.我去過(guò)北京二次。

3.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)(1)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)屬于現(xiàn)在時(shí)范圍，故不能和過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。如：yesterday,last Sunday,in1990,three years ago等。但是，在強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作產(chǎn)生的后果和影響時(shí)，可以和一些表示不確定的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。

a.用副詞already和yet。already一般用于肯定句中，yet一般用于否定句和 疑問(wèn)句中。如：We have already finished our homework.我們已完成作業(yè)了。

They haven't finished their homework yet.他們還沒(méi)有完成作業(yè)。

b.用ever 和never。多用于否定或疑問(wèn)句中，表示“曾經(jīng)”或“從未“等。如：-Have you ever been to the Great Wall?你曾經(jīng)去過(guò)長(zhǎng)城嗎？

-I have never been to the Great Wall.我從未去過(guò)長(zhǎng)城。

c.用表示到說(shuō)話為止的過(guò)去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，如just,before,up to now,the past few years等。例如：I have seen her before,but I can not remember where.我以前見過(guò)她，但記不起在哪里見過(guò)。

He has been there three times the last few days.近幾年他去過(guò)那里三次了。

d.用包括“現(xiàn)在”在內(nèi)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，如：now,today,this morning(month,year,term)等。例如：-Have you met him today?-No,I haven't.今天你見過(guò)他嗎？我 沒(méi)有。

How many times have you been there this year?

今年你去過(guò)那里多少次？

(2)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)可以和帶有since或for等表示“一段時(shí)間”的狀語(yǔ)連用,表示動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)從某一時(shí)刻開始，一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在。如：I haven't seen him for two years.但是，像come,arrive,buy等終止性動(dòng)詞不能與表示“一段時(shí)間”的狀語(yǔ)連用。要用，必須改為“be(在)”等延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞來(lái)表述?，F(xiàn)歸納總結(jié)一下由非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞到延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的轉(zhuǎn)換：

arrive→be here begin(start)→be on

die →be dead come back→be back

leave →be away fall ill(sick,asleep)→be ill(sick,asleep)

get up→be up go out →be out

finish →be over put on →wear 或be on

open →be open join →be in或 be a member of?

close →be closed go to school→be a student

borrow →keep buy →have

catch(a cold)→ have(a cold)get to know →know

begin to study→study come to work→work等

如：He has been a soldier for three years.他參軍三年了。

His father has been dead for two years.他父親去世二年了。

The film has been on for ten minutes.電影已開始十分鐘了。

We have studied English for three years.我們(開始)學(xué)英語(yǔ)已三年了。

4.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和一般過(guò)去時(shí)的區(qū)別

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和一般過(guò)去時(shí)都表示在過(guò)去完成的動(dòng)作。但現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)的是這一動(dòng)作與現(xiàn)在的關(guān)系。如對(duì)現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果或影響等，而一般過(guò)去時(shí)只表示動(dòng)作在過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻發(fā)生，不表示和現(xiàn)在的關(guān)系。試比較：

I have lost my new book.我把新書丟了。(現(xiàn)在還未找到)

I lost my new book yesterday.我昨天把新書丟了。(昨天丟的，現(xiàn)在找到與否沒(méi)說(shuō)明)5.幾點(diǎn)注意事項(xiàng)

(1)have been(to)與have gone(to)的區(qū)別：have been(to)表示“去過(guò)某地(現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)回來(lái)了)”，可用于各人稱；have gone(to)表示“去某地了(說(shuō)話時(shí)某人不在當(dāng)?shù)?”，常用于第三人稱，前者可與once ,never,several times等連用，后者則不能。如：They have been to Beijing twice.他們?nèi)ミ^(guò)北京兩次。

He has gone to Beijing.他去北京了。

(2)如單純表示一段時(shí)間，或強(qiáng)調(diào)一段時(shí)間，雖有since一詞，也不必用完成時(shí)。如：It is two years since his father died.=His father has been dead for two years.他父親去世已有三年了。

(3)終止性動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的否定式，已變成一種可以延續(xù)的狀態(tài)，因此可以和表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用。

如：I haven't left here since 1997.自從1997年以來(lái)，我一直沒(méi)有離開過(guò)這兒

練習(xí)題：。

1.“_________ you __________(have)lunch ?” “Yes.” “When ________ you __________(have)it?”“I ____________(have)it at 12:00.”

2.“_________ you __________(write)a letter to your aunt yet?” “Yes, I ___________.I ________________(write)one last week.” 3.“_________ he ___________(finish)his homework?” “Not yet.” 4.“_________ they ever __________(be)abroad?” “Yes, just once.”

5.Your father _________ just ___________(finish)his work.6.Your father _________(finish)his work just now.7.Last term I __________(learn)many English words.8.They ____________(not read)the interesting books yet.9.He _____________ never ____________(go)to the science museum.10.____________ you ever ____________(drink)coke? 11.“____________ you _____________(buy)a dictionary? “ “Yes, I __________.”

“Where __________ you _____________(buy)it?” “ I ___________(buy)it in a bookstore.”

“When ___________ you _____________(buy)it?” “ Yesterday.”

二、句型轉(zhuǎn)換。

1、He has never surfed, ?（改成反意疑問(wèn)句）

2、They have been here since 2000.(對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn))

have they been here?

3、The old man _________ last year.He for a year.(die)詞填空）

4、This factory opened twenty years ago.(同義句轉(zhuǎn)換)

This factory ________ for twenty years.5、Miss Gao left an hour ago.(同義句轉(zhuǎn)換)

Miss Gao ________ _______ ________ ________ an hour ago.6、Her mother has been a Party member for three years.（同義句）

Her mother _______ the Party three years ________.（動(dòng)

7、The Green Family moved to France two years ago.(同義句轉(zhuǎn)換)

_______ two years ________ the Green family moved to France.8、The bus has arrived here.It arrived ten minutes ago.(并成一個(gè)句子)

___________________________________________

把兩個(gè)句子合

第二篇：英語(yǔ)時(shí)態(tài)小結(jié)

Tenses 時(shí)態(tài)

1, present simple 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)

A, structure 結(jié)構(gòu): V---動(dòng)詞原形Vs---第三人稱單數(shù)

B, use

a, a fact that is always true or that is true for a long time

eg.I come from China.She works for a big company.b, a habit: every, often, usually, always, sometimes, never…

eg.My father always goes to work by car.C, negative: don’t / doesn’t + V

D, questions: Do / Does + 主語(yǔ)+ V

2, present continuous

A, structure: am/is/are+ V-ing

B, use

a, sth.in progress now: now, at the moment, today

eg.We are having an English class now.b, a future arrangement: this evening, tonight, tomorrow, next…

eg.She is playing tennis with her friends this afternoon.C, negative: be + not

D, question: be 提到主語(yǔ)之前

3, present perfect

A, structure: have / has + p.p

B, use

a, an experience in life: ever, never, all one’s life

eg.Have you ever been abroad?

b, a past action continues to now: for, since, recently, so far, for the past two weeks…h(huán)ow long

eg.I have worked in this company since I graduated from university.c, a past action with a result now: just, already, yet

eg.She has already done the washing up.C, negative: have / has + not

D, question: Have / Has 提前

※no definite time in this tense現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)沒(méi)有確定的時(shí)間

4, present perfect continuous

A, structure: have / has + been + V-ing

B, use

a, a past action continues to now

eg.I have been waiting for you for ages！

b, a past action with a result now

eg.My back aches because I have been working in the garden all day.I’m hot because I have been running.My eyes are red because I have been reading all day.I’m wet because I have been washing my dog.C, negative: have/has + not

D, question: have/has提前

E, the differences between the present perfect simple and the present perfect continuous

a, to emphasize the result, we use the present perfect simple強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果，用一般的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。

to emphasize the activity, we use the present perfect continuous強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作，用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。

b, the results are different: for the direct results of the activity, we use the simple, for the indirect ones, we use the continuous form.對(duì)動(dòng)作造成的直接結(jié)果，用一般的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，對(duì)間接結(jié)果，用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。

eg.I have repaired the car.(the result here: the car is ok now)

I have been repairing the car.(the result here: my hands are dirty now/ I’m tired now)

c, some words have an idea for a short time: lose, stop…we use the simple eg.I’ve lost my purse.some words have an idea for a long time: work, learn…we use the continuous eg.I’ve been working here for 3 years.d, some state verbs can’t be used in the continuous form, so we use the simple one.狀態(tài)詞不能用在進(jìn)行時(shí)里。

e, if there are numbers and quantity, we use the simple form.如果有數(shù)字和數(shù)量，用一般的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。

eg.I have written three letters this morning.I have been writing the letter this morning.補(bǔ)充：state verbs

a, verbs of thinking and opinions

think(認(rèn)為)，know, understand, believe, mean, remember, forget

b, verbs of emotions and feelings

like, love, hate, want, hope, wish

c, verbs of having and being

have(有)，belong, own, cost, need, depend on

d, verbs of the senses

look看起來(lái), hear聽起來(lái), taste嘗起來(lái), smell聞起來(lái), feel摸起來(lái)

※ 有標(biāo)注中文意思的這些詞，只有在這些意思的時(shí)候，才是狀態(tài)詞，沒(méi)有進(jìn)行時(shí)，意思改變的時(shí)候是可以的。

eg.I am thinking of changing my job.考慮

We were having dinner when someone called.吃

She is tasting the soup.品嘗

5, past simple

A, structure: V-ed 動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去時(shí)，有的是不規(guī)則變化。

B, use

a, a past action.eg.I went camping with colleagues last weekend.C, negative: didn’t + V

D, question: Did + 主語(yǔ)+ V

E, the differences between the past simple and the present perfect

a, if there is a definite past time, we can’t use the present perfect: yesterday, last night, last Monday…in 1999, when I was a little child…有確切的過(guò)去時(shí)間，不能用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。

eg.I met my husband when I was in the university.6, past continuous

A, structure: was / were + V-ing

B, use

a, an action that was in progress at a certain time in the past: this time yesterday, at 8:00 last night…

eg.I was doing my revision this time yesterday.b,a past simple interrupted a past continuous一般過(guò)去時(shí)打斷過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí): when, while, as

eg.I was shopping when I lost my mobile.c, to describe a scene in a story 描述故事的場(chǎng)景

eg.It was Sunday.The sun was shining and the birds were singing.C, negative: was/were + not

D, question:: was/were 提前

7, past perfect

A, structure: had + p.p

B, use

a, a past action happened before a past action 過(guò)去的過(guò)去

eg.When I got to the station, the train had already gone.※ 在時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中，特別是when, while, as引導(dǎo)的從句中，肯定是有兩個(gè)動(dòng)作，時(shí)態(tài)要這樣用：

如果兩個(gè)動(dòng)作是一個(gè)借一個(gè)發(fā)生的，兩個(gè)都用一般過(guò)去時(shí)：

eg.When I got home, she cooked dinner.我到家之后，她去做飯。

如果兩個(gè)動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，短的動(dòng)作打斷長(zhǎng)的動(dòng)作，短的用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，長(zhǎng)的用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)：

eg.When I got home, she was cooking dinner, 當(dāng)我到家的時(shí)候，她正在做飯。如果兩個(gè)動(dòng)作，一個(gè)是過(guò)去發(fā)生的，另外一個(gè)在這個(gè)過(guò)去時(shí)間的過(guò)去發(fā)生，那么第一個(gè)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，第二個(gè)用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)：

eg.When I got home, she had cooked dinner.8, future tenses

Struture1: will + V

Use: a, express an intention, decision, offer made at the moment of speaking.eg.-----I have a letter to post.-----well, I’m going to the post office, so I will post it for you.b, a prediction based on personal opinion, often with “I think…will/ I don’t think…will”

eg.-------Where are you going on holiday this year?

c, a future fact.Eg.Those followers won’t grow under the tree.You will be ill if you eat all those sweets!

-------I don’t know.Maybe I will visit my grandmother.Structure2: am/is/are + V-ing

Use: a future arrangement made before speaking

Structure3: be going to + V

Use: a, a future plan, intension made before speaking

b, a prediction based on fact and evidence

eg.Look at the clouds!It’s going to rain.My aunt is going to have a baby this summer.

第三篇：英語(yǔ)時(shí)態(tài)總結(jié)

英語(yǔ)時(shí)態(tài)總結(jié)

時(shí)態(tài)（Tense）是表示行為、動(dòng)作和狀態(tài)在各種時(shí)間條件下的動(dòng)詞形式。因此，當(dāng)我們說(shuō)時(shí)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)的時(shí)候，指的是相應(yīng)時(shí)態(tài)下的動(dòng)詞形式。

英語(yǔ)時(shí)態(tài)分為16種：一般現(xiàn)在、一般過(guò)去、一般將來(lái)、過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)，以及這四者的進(jìn)行時(shí)、完成時(shí)和完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。在這里，我們重點(diǎn)講解一下最常見的11種時(shí)態(tài)的用法和注意事項(xiàng)。

1.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：小學(xué)就開始學(xué)這個(gè)，大家都會(huì)吧，有幾點(diǎn)強(qiáng)調(diào)一下我們就走。

A)表示現(xiàn)在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作、情況、狀態(tài)和特征。If it is not too much trouble, I would like a cup of tea.B)習(xí)慣用語(yǔ):這個(gè)要在平時(shí)自己積累，因?yàn)榱?xí)語(yǔ)太多，我不做過(guò)多解釋。

Ie: Believe it or not, his discovery had created a stir in scientific circles.口語(yǔ)中常說(shuō)believe it or not，意思是：“信不信由你”，“我說(shuō)的是真的”。believe it or not是一個(gè)固定說(shuō)法，相當(dāng)一個(gè)插入語(yǔ)，短語(yǔ)中的believe沒(méi)有詞形變化。這點(diǎn)要注意，以后會(huì)教你們動(dòng)名詞的用法，到時(shí)候會(huì)牽涉到主語(yǔ)的問(wèn)題。

C)經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作。

Ie：He always helps others.（他總是幫助別人。）

D)客觀事實(shí)和普遍真理。尤其要注意，如果前后文不是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，則無(wú)法保持主句、從句時(shí)態(tài)一致.ex: He said that the sun rises in the east.這個(gè)句子要注意，到了以后的定語(yǔ)從句經(jīng)常會(huì)有這樣的問(wèn)題，具體細(xì)節(jié)到 時(shí)候在說(shuō)，不過(guò)你們要先有這樣的概念：客觀事實(shí)無(wú)論謂語(yǔ)的時(shí)態(tài)是什么都用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。

E)表示一個(gè)按規(guī)定、計(jì)劃或安排要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，（僅限于某些表示“來(lái)、去、動(dòng)、停、開始、結(jié)束、繼續(xù)”等的動(dòng)詞）可以與表示未來(lái)時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)搭配使用。常見的用法是：飛機(jī)、火車、輪船、汽車等定期定點(diǎn)運(yùn)行的交通方式。

ex: When does the plan leave?這個(gè)句子注意一下，就是這么用的，有人會(huì)注意到這樣的問(wèn)題: The plane leaves at 3 o’clock this afternoon.為什么不用將來(lái)時(shí)，對(duì)了，很奇怪，但就是這么用的。

F)在時(shí)間和條件狀語(yǔ)從句里經(jīng)常用一般現(xiàn)在（有時(shí)也用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)）表示將來(lái)事情。

Ie: When you finish the report, I will have waited for 3 hours.（完成時(shí)，往下看會(huì)出現(xiàn)）

2.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)(be doing)的用法：上了初一就教這個(gè)吧，比一般現(xiàn)在還簡(jiǎn)單。表示現(xiàn)在正在做的動(dòng)作，但要注意有的動(dòng)詞不能用于進(jìn)行時(shí)，這類詞稱為短暫性動(dòng)詞，如，open, borrow等等，在完成時(shí)態(tài)常常會(huì)碰到，平時(shí)要注意積累。

3.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)(have done)：重要考點(diǎn)，初二以后幾乎都是完成時(shí)態(tài)。

A)表示動(dòng)作到現(xiàn)在為止已經(jīng)完成或剛剛完成。

ex: I have just finished my homework.B)表示從過(guò)去某時(shí)刻開始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或情況，并且有可能會(huì)繼續(xù)延續(xù)下去。此時(shí)經(jīng)常用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)常用since加一個(gè)過(guò)去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)，或for 加一段時(shí)間，或by加一個(gè)現(xiàn)在時(shí)間。這里聯(lián)系進(jìn)行時(shí)，他們都一樣，不能用短暫性動(dòng)詞，★★★☆☆考點(diǎn)。

C)表示發(fā)生在過(guò)去，但對(duì)現(xiàn)在仍有影響的動(dòng)作或情況。通常用點(diǎn)動(dòng)詞，如：arrive, begin, find, give, lose等。

例：John has broken his left leg.（約翰摔斷了左腿。）

注意：

A)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)是聯(lián)系過(guò)去和現(xiàn)在的紐帶?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和過(guò)去時(shí)的區(qū)別在于：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的動(dòng)態(tài)，或受動(dòng)態(tài)的影響，是動(dòng)態(tài)的結(jié)果，對(duì)現(xiàn)在有影響；過(guò)去時(shí)只表示過(guò)去的某個(gè)具體時(shí)間里發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，與現(xiàn)在沒(méi)有聯(lián)系。

例：He worked in that hospital for 8 years.（他曾經(jīng)在那家醫(yī)院工作了8年。這只是講述一個(gè)過(guò)去的事實(shí)，他現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不在那家醫(yī)院了。）

He has worked in that hospital for 8 years.（他已經(jīng)在那家醫(yī)院里工作了8年。表示他從過(guò)去開始工作，一直工作到現(xiàn)在，現(xiàn)在仍在那家醫(yī)院工作。）

B)因?yàn)楹衒or加一段時(shí)間或since加一個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)這樣的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)的完成時(shí)，有動(dòng)態(tài)和延續(xù)性的特點(diǎn)，所以不能使用終端動(dòng)詞或瞬間動(dòng)詞。

例：My sister has been married for 5 years.（過(guò)去分詞做表語(yǔ)表示狀態(tài)，可以延續(xù)）

My sister has married.Don't disturb her.（終端動(dòng)詞）

C)在“this is the first/ second/ third…… time that……”句型里要求用完成時(shí)。

例： This is the second time that the products of our company have been shown in the International Exhibition.（這是我公司產(chǎn)品第二次參加國(guó)際展覽會(huì)。）

D)句型“It is/ has been……since”所使用的兩種時(shí)態(tài)都正確。

例：It is/ has been 10 years since I last saw him.（從我上次見到他以來(lái)已經(jīng)10年了。）

E)在“no sooner than”、“hardly/ scarcely ……when”、“before”、“prior to”（在……之前）等句型中，主句要求完成時(shí)。

例：I haven't met that professor prior to today.（以前我從未見過(guò)那位教授。）

4.現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)(have been doing)：和現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)很像

1)用法：表示某一動(dòng)作開始于過(guò)去某一時(shí)間，延續(xù)或重復(fù)地出現(xiàn)至今，或?qū)⒗^續(xù)延續(xù)至將來(lái)。

例：We have been working on this project for over a month now.（到目前為止，我們一直在處理那個(gè)項(xiàng)目，已經(jīng)花了一個(gè)多月時(shí)間了。）

2)注意事項(xiàng)：與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)相比，現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)更強(qiáng)調(diào)：在從過(guò)去到現(xiàn)在的時(shí)間里，動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)一直持續(xù)或一直反復(fù)出現(xiàn)。

5.一般過(guò)去時(shí)

A)表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或情況。

ex:I went to Beijing last year.B)表示過(guò)去習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作。特別是由would/ used to do表達(dá)的句型，本身表示的就是過(guò)去時(shí)。

ex: I used to live here.（注意used to 和be used to 的區(qū)別，used to表過(guò)去常常，be used to 表示習(xí)慣于，前者to是不定式符號(hào)，后者則是介詞，后接名詞、動(dòng)名詞、代詞）

C)有時(shí)可代替一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，表達(dá)一種婉轉(zhuǎn)、客氣、禮貌、商量的語(yǔ)氣。

ex: Would you mind my sitting here?（您介意我坐在這里嗎？）

Could you pass me the pen?

注意：

A)注意時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)的搭配。一般過(guò)去時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)應(yīng)該是表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間的詞或詞組，如：yesterday, last month, in 1999, two days ago等，絕對(duì)不可與recently, in the past 10 years, this month等連用，因?yàn)檫@樣的時(shí) 間狀語(yǔ)都與現(xiàn)在有關(guān)系，應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)或一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。注意，到了初二將會(huì)是★★★★☆考點(diǎn)，不會(huì)不行，逃不了的，幾乎每次都考。

B)used to do的否定形式和疑問(wèn)形式很特別：你怎么寫都正確。以否定形式為例：used not to do, didn't used to do, didn't use to do都對(duì)。

6.過(guò)去完成時(shí)(had done)

用法：表示在過(guò)去的某個(gè)時(shí)間或動(dòng)作以前已經(jīng)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或已經(jīng)存在的狀態(tài)。就是我們常說(shuō)的：表示“過(guò)去的過(guò)去的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)”。

畫一條時(shí)間軸過(guò)去完成＿＿●＿一般過(guò)去＿◇＿一般現(xiàn)在＿＿＿○＿＿＿＿＿＿

2)注意事項(xiàng)：“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”這種邏輯關(guān)系常通過(guò)上下文體現(xiàn)出來(lái)，而不一定受某個(gè)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)的限制。ex: There had been some one in our room just now, because I noticed a burning cigarette end on the floor when we opened the front door.7.過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)(would/ should do)表示從過(guò)去的某個(gè)時(shí)間看將要發(fā)生的事。其實(shí)和將來(lái)時(shí)沒(méi)什么區(qū)別啦。ex: I said on Thursday I should see my friend the next day.賓從、直引經(jīng)常碰到這樣的例子，注意。

8.過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)(was/ were doing)

A)表示在過(guò)去一個(gè)比較具體的時(shí)間正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。

ex: I was doing my homework at this time yesterday.B)如果when, while這樣的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)引導(dǎo)詞所引導(dǎo)的主從句之一是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，則另一個(gè)句子常用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。

ex: I was washing my hair when you knocked at the front door.9.一般將來(lái)時(shí)

A)基本結(jié)構(gòu)是will / shall do。古英語(yǔ)認(rèn)為will用于第二、三人稱，shall用于第一人稱，但后來(lái)沒(méi)做硬性規(guī)定，will比較常用。I will be home at 10.B)有些動(dòng)詞，如：arrive, be close, come, do, done, go, have, leave, open, play, return, sleep, start, stay等，用于一般進(jìn)行時(shí)，并且通常與一個(gè)表示將來(lái)時(shí)間的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，可以表示將來(lái)時(shí)。初一接觸比較 多的是be going to，后面的包括will/shall到了后來(lái)才出現(xiàn)，其他如sleep很少見，初中階段我?guī)缀鯖](méi)見過(guò)sleep這么用的，leave, come, arrive也常見

ex: My mother is coming to visit me next week and is staying here until May.C)表示“即將、正要”時(shí)，可用be about to do。強(qiáng)調(diào)近期內(nèi)或馬上要做的事，后常與when連用。ex: I was about to speak when you interrupted me.D）“be to do”的5種用法：

a)表示“按計(jì)劃、安排即將發(fā)生某事或打算做某事”。

例：She is to be seen in the lab on Monday.（星期一你準(zhǔn)會(huì)在實(shí)驗(yàn)室見到她。）

b)該做或不該做的事情（語(yǔ)氣上接近于should, must, ought to, have to），表示一種命令、規(guī)勸性語(yǔ)氣。例：You are to go to bed and keep quiet, kids.Our guests are arriving in less than 5 minutes.（孩子們，你們必須 上床睡覺(jué)，不準(zhǔn)吵鬧。我們的客人5分鐘之內(nèi)就要到了。）

c)能或不能發(fā)生的事情（接近c(diǎn)an, may）

例：How am I to pay such a debt?（我怎么可能還得起這么大的一筆債呢？）

d)不可避免將要發(fā)生的事情，后來(lái)將要發(fā)生的事情。

例：I assure you that the matter _______ as quickly as possible.Have a little patience.A.will be attended B.will be attended to

C.is attended D.is attended to

will be attended to關(guān)鍵的一點(diǎn)是：attend表示“處理，解決”時(shí)是不及物動(dòng)詞，必須與to連用。另外，從上下文看，事情顯然尚未解決，所以應(yīng)該用將來(lái)時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。答案是B。

E)同樣可以表示“正要、將要”的意思的句型是be on the point of doing。The coach is on the point of giving up the game because our team has been scored 7 points.注意：

在 以if, when, as long as, as soon as, after, before, in case, until, unless 等連詞以及具有連詞作用的副詞（immediately, the moment, directly）等引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句，一般用現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替將來(lái)時(shí)。強(qiáng)調(diào) 延續(xù)性或動(dòng)態(tài)時(shí)，可用完成時(shí)。

例：I hope his health will have improved by the time you come back next year.（我希望到明年你回來(lái)的時(shí)候，他的身體已經(jīng)好多了。）

10.將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)(will be doing)調(diào)在將來(lái)的某個(gè)具體時(shí)間正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或事情。

ex: Don't worry, you won't miss her.She will be wearing a red T-shirt and a white skirt at that time.11.將來(lái)完成時(shí)(will have done)表示從將來(lái)的某一時(shí)間開始、延續(xù)到另一個(gè)將來(lái)時(shí)間的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，或是發(fā)生在某個(gè)將來(lái)時(shí)間，但對(duì)其后的另一個(gè) 將來(lái)時(shí)間有影響的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。就好象把現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)平移到時(shí)間軸的將來(lái)時(shí)時(shí)段一樣。其用法從和過(guò)去及現(xiàn)在有關(guān)，變成了和將來(lái)及將來(lái)的將來(lái)有關(guān)。

ex: It is reported that by the end of this century the people of Chinese will have increased by 2 billion.

第四篇：英語(yǔ)時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)

英語(yǔ)時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)、主謂一致練習(xí)

l.Last week two engineers_______ to help solve the technical problems of the project.A)have sent

B)were sent

C)sent

D)had sent 2.She was quite sure that she _____ the door before she left the office.A)will lock

B)would lock

C)has locked

D)had locked 3.Now the air pollution in this city _____ more and more serious with each passing day.A)to become

B)became

C)becoming

D)is becoming 4.Since the new technology was introduced last month, we________ in speeding up production.A)succeed

B)succeeded

C)have succeeded

D)will succeed 5.By the time you get to the office I _______ all the documents for the meeting.A)was preparing

B)prepared

C)had prepared

D)will have prepared 6.As he _______to submit the accounting report before 4:30 pm, the assistant hurried to Mr.Smith's office.A)was required

B)had required

C)requires

D)required 7.The team is going out to hold a party tomorrow after it______ the project.A)completes

B)completed

C)will complete

D)will have completed 8.By the end of next year, I ____ for the company for 10 years.A)work

B)am working

C)had worked

D)will have worked 9.According to the time table, the train for Beijing ______ at 9:10 p.m.from Monday to Friday.A)was leaving

B)is leaving

C)leaves

D has left 10.We don't have to hurry as the bus _____ for London at five in the evening.A)leaves

B)left

C)has been leaving

D)has left

第五篇：《小學(xué)英語(yǔ)時(shí)態(tài)小結(jié)》

《小學(xué)英語(yǔ)時(shí)態(tài)小結(jié)》

一：現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：

1、概念：用在敘述某人正在做某事的時(shí)候。（某動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行）

其結(jié)構(gòu)是“be動(dòng)詞 + 動(dòng)詞ing”,句中可能會(huì)有l(wèi)ook，listen，now或一個(gè)相當(dāng)具體的時(shí)間。

2、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：now, at this time

3、基本結(jié)構(gòu)：am/is/are+doing

4、否定形式：am/is/are+not+doing

5、一般疑問(wèn)句：把be動(dòng)詞放于句首

6、動(dòng)詞加“ing”（現(xiàn)在分詞）的變化規(guī)則： 1）、接在動(dòng)詞后面加“ing”

2）、“元音+輔音+e”結(jié)尾的單詞把e去掉再加ing。

3）、重讀閉音節(jié)雙寫最后字母再加ing，單詞有：run—running、swim—swimming、put—putting、get—getting、shop—shopping

7、例句

1.)What is Mary doing?

She’s shopping.2.)Is Betty swimming now?

No, she isn’t.She’s running.3.)It’s seven thirty in the evening.We’re having dinner at home.二：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：

1、概念：經(jīng)常、反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或行為及現(xiàn)在的某種狀況。用來(lái)敘述經(jīng)常性發(fā)生的事情、習(xí)慣和愛(ài)好等。

2.時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)： always, usually, often, sometimes, every week(day, year, month…), once a week, on Sundays，3.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：①動(dòng)詞 原形（如主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)，動(dòng)詞上要加（e）S）

②be+形容詞

4.否定形式： ①此時(shí)態(tài)的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞若為行為動(dòng)詞，則在其前加don't,如主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)，則用doesn't，同時(shí)還原行為動(dòng)詞;②am/is/are+not。

5.一般疑問(wèn)句：①用助動(dòng)詞do提問(wèn)，如主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)，則用does，同時(shí)，還原行為動(dòng)詞。②把be動(dòng)詞放于句首；

6、如果敘述的人或事物是第三人稱單數(shù)行為動(dòng)詞要加上s或es，其變化規(guī)則和名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式變化規(guī)則一樣。1.)John likes going hiking.2.)Mary often gets up at seven o’clock.3.)Mr.Li cooks supper every evening.4.)How does he go to school?

----He goes to school on foot.5.)Does he go to school on Saturday?

---Yes, he does.(第三人稱單數(shù)一般疑問(wèn)句句前是does，句中的動(dòng)詞要用原形。)

動(dòng)詞第三人稱單數(shù)變化規(guī)則: 1）直接在動(dòng)詞后面加“s”。

2）以“s、x、sh、ch”結(jié)尾的單詞，在動(dòng)詞后面加“es”。wash---washes watch---watches

fish---fishes 3）以“輔音+y”結(jié)尾的單詞，把y改i再加es。

carry---carries

study---studies

fly---flies 4）go 和do 的第三人稱單數(shù)是goes 和does

敘述的人或事物不是第三人稱單數(shù)行為動(dòng)詞要用原形。1.)I usually go to school on foot.2.)We play football every Sunday afternoon.3.)What do they do on Sundays?

---They play chess.三：一般過(guò)去時(shí)：

1、概念：一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài),常和表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀態(tài)連用，2.時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week(year, night, month…), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc.3.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：①be+形容詞；②行為動(dòng)詞

4.否定形式：was/were+not;在行為動(dòng)詞前加didn't，同時(shí)還原行為動(dòng)詞。

5.一般疑問(wèn)句：was或were放于句首；用助動(dòng)詞do的過(guò)去式did 提問(wèn)，同時(shí)還原行為動(dòng)詞。

6.例句：She often came to help us in those days.肯定句: I visited my grandparents last weekend.I usually played with my friends last year.I was busy last weekend.They were sad yesterday.否定句: I didn’t visit my grandparents last weekend.I wasn’t busy last weekend.They were not sad yesterday.一般疑問(wèn)句: Did you visit you grandparents last weekend?

Yes, I did./ No, I didn’t.Were you busy last weekend?

Yes, I was./ No, I didn’t.Yes, we were./ No, we weren’t.特殊疑問(wèn)句: What did you do yesterday?

I played football.Where did Mike go last weekend?

He went to the library.How did you go there?

I went by bus.Where were you yesterday? I was at home.四：一般將來(lái)時(shí)：

1、敘述將要發(fā)生的事情或打算。表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)及打算、計(jì)劃或準(zhǔn)備做某事。

2.時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year…),soon, in a few minutes, by…,the day after tomorrow, etc.3.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：①am/is/are/going to + do；結(jié)構(gòu)是be going to+動(dòng)詞原形。如果所接的動(dòng)詞原形剛好是go或come，可把to go 和to come 去掉。②will + do.4.否定形式：①am/is/are/going to +not+ do；②will + not;在行為動(dòng)詞前加will not，同時(shí)還原行為動(dòng)詞。

5.一般疑問(wèn)句：be放于句首；will提到句首。

1.)What are you going to do tomorrow?

---I am going to visit my grandparents.2.)Are they going to sweep the floor tonight?

---Yes, they are.3．）Where is Sarah going(to go)next week?

---She’s going(to go)the park.