第一篇：英語時(shí)態(tài)小結(jié)

Tenses 時(shí)態(tài)

1, present simple 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)

A, structure 結(jié)構(gòu): V---動(dòng)詞原形Vs---第三人稱單數(shù)

B, use

a, a fact that is always true or that is true for a long time

eg.I come from China.She works for a big company.b, a habit: every, often, usually, always, sometimes, never…

eg.My father always goes to work by car.C, negative: don’t / doesn’t + V

D, questions: Do / Does + 主語+ V

2, present continuous

A, structure: am/is/are+ V-ing

B, use

a, sth.in progress now: now, at the moment, today

eg.We are having an English class now.b, a future arrangement: this evening, tonight, tomorrow, next…

eg.She is playing tennis with her friends this afternoon.C, negative: be + not

D, question: be 提到主語之前

3, present perfect

A, structure: have / has + p.p

B, use

a, an experience in life: ever, never, all one’s life

eg.Have you ever been abroad?

b, a past action continues to now: for, since, recently, so far, for the past two weeks…h(huán)ow long

eg.I have worked in this company since I graduated from university.c, a past action with a result now: just, already, yet

eg.She has already done the washing up.C, negative: have / has + not

D, question: Have / Has 提前

※no definite time in this tense現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)沒有確定的時(shí)間

4, present perfect continuous

A, structure: have / has + been + V-ing

B, use

a, a past action continues to now

eg.I have been waiting for you for ages！

b, a past action with a result now

eg.My back aches because I have been working in the garden all day.I’m hot because I have been running.My eyes are red because I have been reading all day.I’m wet because I have been washing my dog.C, negative: have/has + not

D, question: have/has提前

E, the differences between the present perfect simple and the present perfect continuous

a, to emphasize the result, we use the present perfect simple強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果，用一般的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。

to emphasize the activity, we use the present perfect continuous強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作，用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。

b, the results are different: for the direct results of the activity, we use the simple, for the indirect ones, we use the continuous form.對動(dòng)作造成的直接結(jié)果，用一般的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，對間接結(jié)果，用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。

eg.I have repaired the car.(the result here: the car is ok now)

I have been repairing the car.(the result here: my hands are dirty now/ I’m tired now)

c, some words have an idea for a short time: lose, stop…we use the simple eg.I’ve lost my purse.some words have an idea for a long time: work, learn…we use the continuous eg.I’ve been working here for 3 years.d, some state verbs can’t be used in the continuous form, so we use the simple one.狀態(tài)詞不能用在進(jìn)行時(shí)里。

e, if there are numbers and quantity, we use the simple form.如果有數(shù)字和數(shù)量，用一般的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。

eg.I have written three letters this morning.I have been writing the letter this morning.補(bǔ)充：state verbs

a, verbs of thinking and opinions

think(認(rèn)為)，know, understand, believe, mean, remember, forget

b, verbs of emotions and feelings

like, love, hate, want, hope, wish

c, verbs of having and being

have(有)，belong, own, cost, need, depend on

d, verbs of the senses

look看起來, hear聽起來, taste嘗起來, smell聞起來, feel摸起來

※ 有標(biāo)注中文意思的這些詞，只有在這些意思的時(shí)候，才是狀態(tài)詞，沒有進(jìn)行時(shí)，意思改變的時(shí)候是可以的。

eg.I am thinking of changing my job.考慮

We were having dinner when someone called.吃

She is tasting the soup.品嘗

5, past simple

A, structure: V-ed 動(dòng)詞用過去時(shí)，有的是不規(guī)則變化。

B, use

a, a past action.eg.I went camping with colleagues last weekend.C, negative: didn’t + V

D, question: Did + 主語+ V

E, the differences between the past simple and the present perfect

a, if there is a definite past time, we can’t use the present perfect: yesterday, last night, last Monday…in 1999, when I was a little child…有確切的過去時(shí)間，不能用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。

eg.I met my husband when I was in the university.6, past continuous

A, structure: was / were + V-ing

B, use

a, an action that was in progress at a certain time in the past: this time yesterday, at 8:00 last night…

eg.I was doing my revision this time yesterday.b,a past simple interrupted a past continuous一般過去時(shí)打斷過去進(jìn)行時(shí): when, while, as

eg.I was shopping when I lost my mobile.c, to describe a scene in a story 描述故事的場景

eg.It was Sunday.The sun was shining and the birds were singing.C, negative: was/were + not

D, question:: was/were 提前

7, past perfect

A, structure: had + p.p

B, use

a, a past action happened before a past action 過去的過去

eg.When I got to the station, the train had already gone.※ 在時(shí)間狀語從句中，特別是when, while, as引導(dǎo)的從句中，肯定是有兩個(gè)動(dòng)作，時(shí)態(tài)要這樣用：

如果兩個(gè)動(dòng)作是一個(gè)借一個(gè)發(fā)生的，兩個(gè)都用一般過去時(shí)：

eg.When I got home, she cooked dinner.我到家之后，她去做飯。

如果兩個(gè)動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，短的動(dòng)作打斷長的動(dòng)作，短的用一般過去時(shí)，長的用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)：

eg.When I got home, she was cooking dinner, 當(dāng)我到家的時(shí)候，她正在做飯。如果兩個(gè)動(dòng)作，一個(gè)是過去發(fā)生的，另外一個(gè)在這個(gè)過去時(shí)間的過去發(fā)生，那么第一個(gè)用一般過去時(shí)，第二個(gè)用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)：

eg.When I got home, she had cooked dinner.8, future tenses

Struture1: will + V

Use: a, express an intention, decision, offer made at the moment of speaking.eg.-----I have a letter to post.-----well, I’m going to the post office, so I will post it for you.b, a prediction based on personal opinion, often with “I think…will/ I don’t think…will”

eg.-------Where are you going on holiday this year?

c, a future fact.Eg.Those followers won’t grow under the tree.You will be ill if you eat all those sweets!

-------I don’t know.Maybe I will visit my grandmother.Structure2: am/is/are + V-ing

Use: a future arrangement made before speaking

Structure3: be going to + V

Use: a, a future plan, intension made before speaking

b, a prediction based on fact and evidence

eg.Look at the clouds!It’s going to rain.My aunt is going to have a baby this summer.

第二篇：《小學(xué)英語時(shí)態(tài)小結(jié)》

《小學(xué)英語時(shí)態(tài)小結(jié)》

一：現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：

1、概念：用在敘述某人正在做某事的時(shí)候。（某動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行）

其結(jié)構(gòu)是“be動(dòng)詞 + 動(dòng)詞ing”,句中可能會(huì)有l(wèi)ook，listen，now或一個(gè)相當(dāng)具體的時(shí)間。

2、時(shí)間狀語：now, at this time

3、基本結(jié)構(gòu)：am/is/are+doing

4、否定形式：am/is/are+not+doing

5、一般疑問句：把be動(dòng)詞放于句首

6、動(dòng)詞加“ing”（現(xiàn)在分詞）的變化規(guī)則： 1）、接在動(dòng)詞后面加“ing”

2）、“元音+輔音+e”結(jié)尾的單詞把e去掉再加ing。

3）、重讀閉音節(jié)雙寫最后字母再加ing，單詞有：run—running、swim—swimming、put—putting、get—getting、shop—shopping

7、例句

1.)What is Mary doing?

She’s shopping.2.)Is Betty swimming now?

No, she isn’t.She’s running.3.)It’s seven thirty in the evening.We’re having dinner at home.二：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：

1、概念：經(jīng)常、反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或行為及現(xiàn)在的某種狀況。用來敘述經(jīng)常性發(fā)生的事情、習(xí)慣和愛好等。

2.時(shí)間狀語： always, usually, often, sometimes, every week(day, year, month…), once a week, on Sundays，3.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：①動(dòng)詞 原形（如主語為第三人稱單數(shù)，動(dòng)詞上要加（e）S）

②be+形容詞

4.否定形式： ①此時(shí)態(tài)的謂語動(dòng)詞若為行為動(dòng)詞，則在其前加don't,如主語為第三人稱單數(shù)，則用doesn't，同時(shí)還原行為動(dòng)詞;②am/is/are+not。

5.一般疑問句：①用助動(dòng)詞do提問，如主語為第三人稱單數(shù)，則用does，同時(shí)，還原行為動(dòng)詞。②把be動(dòng)詞放于句首；

6、如果敘述的人或事物是第三人稱單數(shù)行為動(dòng)詞要加上s或es，其變化規(guī)則和名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式變化規(guī)則一樣。1.)John likes going hiking.2.)Mary often gets up at seven o’clock.3.)Mr.Li cooks supper every evening.4.)How does he go to school?

----He goes to school on foot.5.)Does he go to school on Saturday?

---Yes, he does.(第三人稱單數(shù)一般疑問句句前是does，句中的動(dòng)詞要用原形。)

動(dòng)詞第三人稱單數(shù)變化規(guī)則: 1）直接在動(dòng)詞后面加“s”。

2）以“s、x、sh、ch”結(jié)尾的單詞，在動(dòng)詞后面加“es”。wash---washes watch---watches

fish---fishes 3）以“輔音+y”結(jié)尾的單詞，把y改i再加es。

carry---carries

study---studies

fly---flies 4）go 和do 的第三人稱單數(shù)是goes 和does

敘述的人或事物不是第三人稱單數(shù)行為動(dòng)詞要用原形。1.)I usually go to school on foot.2.)We play football every Sunday afternoon.3.)What do they do on Sundays?

---They play chess.三：一般過去時(shí)：

1、概念：一般過去時(shí)表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài),常和表示過去的時(shí)間狀態(tài)連用，2.時(shí)間狀語：ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week(year, night, month…), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc.3.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：①be+形容詞；②行為動(dòng)詞

4.否定形式：was/were+not;在行為動(dòng)詞前加didn't，同時(shí)還原行為動(dòng)詞。

5.一般疑問句：was或were放于句首；用助動(dòng)詞do的過去式did 提問，同時(shí)還原行為動(dòng)詞。

6.例句：She often came to help us in those days.肯定句: I visited my grandparents last weekend.I usually played with my friends last year.I was busy last weekend.They were sad yesterday.否定句: I didn’t visit my grandparents last weekend.I wasn’t busy last weekend.They were not sad yesterday.一般疑問句: Did you visit you grandparents last weekend?

Yes, I did./ No, I didn’t.Were you busy last weekend?

Yes, I was./ No, I didn’t.Yes, we were./ No, we weren’t.特殊疑問句: What did you do yesterday?

I played football.Where did Mike go last weekend?

He went to the library.How did you go there?

I went by bus.Where were you yesterday? I was at home.四：一般將來時(shí)：

1、敘述將要發(fā)生的事情或打算。表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)及打算、計(jì)劃或準(zhǔn)備做某事。

2.時(shí)間狀語：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year…),soon, in a few minutes, by…,the day after tomorrow, etc.3.基本結(jié)構(gòu)：①am/is/are/going to + do；結(jié)構(gòu)是be going to+動(dòng)詞原形。如果所接的動(dòng)詞原形剛好是go或come，可把to go 和to come 去掉。②will + do.4.否定形式：①am/is/are/going to +not+ do；②will + not;在行為動(dòng)詞前加will not，同時(shí)還原行為動(dòng)詞。

5.一般疑問句：be放于句首；will提到句首。

1.)What are you going to do tomorrow?

---I am going to visit my grandparents.2.)Are they going to sweep the floor tonight?

---Yes, they are.3．）Where is Sarah going(to go)next week?

---She’s going(to go)the park.

第三篇：《小學(xué)英語時(shí)態(tài)小結(jié)》[定稿]

一：現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：用在敘述某人正在做某事的時(shí)候。（某動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行）

其結(jié)構(gòu)是“be動(dòng)詞 + 動(dòng)詞ing”,句中可能會(huì)有l(wèi)ook，listen，now或一個(gè)相當(dāng)具體的時(shí)間。動(dòng)詞加“ing”（現(xiàn)在分詞）的變化規(guī)則：

1、接在動(dòng)詞后面加“ing”

2、“元音+輔音+e”結(jié)尾的單詞把e去掉再加ing。

3、重讀閉音節(jié)雙寫最后字母再加ing，單詞有：run—running、swim—swimming、put—putting、get—getting、shop—shopping 1.)What is Mary doing?She’s shopping.2.)Is Betty swimming now?No, she isn’t.She’s running.3.)It’s seven thirty in the evening.We’re having dinner at home.二：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：用來敘述經(jīng)常性發(fā)生的事情、習(xí)慣和愛好等，時(shí)間詞有sometimesoftenusuallyevery morning(afternoon,evening,day,week,year)on Monday等（注意此時(shí)要先弄清敘述的人或事物是否第三人稱單數(shù)。即he、she、it。）

式變化規(guī)則一樣。

1.)John likes going hiking.2.)Mary often gets up at seven o’clock.3.)Mr.Li cooks supper every evening.4.)How does he go to school?----He goes to school on foot.5.)Does he go to school on Saturday?---Yes, he does.(第三人稱單數(shù)一般疑問句句前是does，句中的動(dòng)詞要用原形。)

動(dòng)詞第三人稱單數(shù)變化規(guī)則:

1）直接在動(dòng)詞后面加“s”。2）以“s、x、sh、ch”結(jié)尾的單詞，在動(dòng)詞后面加“es”。

wash---washeswatch---watchesfish---fishes 3）以“輔音+y”結(jié)尾的單詞，把y改i再加es。carry---carriesstudy---studiesfly---flies

4）go 和do 的第三人稱單數(shù)是goes 和does1.)I usually go to school on foot.2.)We play football every Sunday afternoon.3.)What do they do on Sundays?---They play chess.三：一般將來時(shí)：敘述將要發(fā)生的事情或打算。時(shí)間詞有：tomorrow, tonight, next Monday(Tuesday…), next week(month, year…),this morning(afternoon…)結(jié)構(gòu)是be going to+動(dòng)詞原形。如果所接的動(dòng)詞原形剛好是go或come，可把to go 和to come 去掉。

1.)What are you going to do tomorrow?---I am going to visit my grandparents.2.)Are they going to sweep the floor tonight?---Yes, they are.3．）Where is Sarah going(to go)next week?---She’s going(to go)the park.四：過去時(shí)：一般過去時(shí)表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài),常和表示過去的時(shí)間狀態(tài)連用, 如yesterday, last weekend, last Sunday 等.也表示過去經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作, 常和often, always表示頻率的時(shí)間連用。

肯定句: I visited my grandparents last weekend.I usually played with my friends last year.I was busy last weekend.They were sad yesterday.否定句: I didn’t visit my grandparents last weekend.I wasn’t busy last weekend.They were not sad yesterday.一般疑問句: Did you visit you grandparents last weekend?Yes, I did./ No, I didn’t.Were you busy last weekend?Yes, I was./ No, I didn’t.Yes, we were./ No, we weren’t.特殊疑問句: What did you do yesterday?

I played football.Where did Mike go last weekend?He went to the library.How did you go there?

I went by bus.Where were you yesterday? I was at home.

第四篇：英語時(shí)態(tài)的用法小結(jié)

英語時(shí)態(tài)的用法小結(jié)

英語常見時(shí)態(tài)的構(gòu)成：

1.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)

（1）be動(dòng)詞：is，am，are

（2）其他動(dòng)詞：單數(shù)第三人稱加s。

2.一般過去時(shí)

（1）be動(dòng)詞：was，were

（2）其他動(dòng)詞：過去式，即規(guī)則動(dòng)詞加ed，不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞特殊記。

3.一般將來時(shí)

（1）will/ shall +動(dòng)詞原形

（2）is/ am/ are going to +動(dòng)詞原形

4.過去將來時(shí)

（1）would +動(dòng)詞原形

（2）was/ were + to +動(dòng)詞原形

5.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)

is/ am/ are +動(dòng)詞-ing

6.過去進(jìn)行時(shí)

was/were +動(dòng)詞-ing

7.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)

have/ has + 過去分詞

過去分詞，即規(guī)則動(dòng)詞加ed，不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞特殊記。

8.過去完成時(shí)

had + 過去分詞

英語時(shí)態(tài)的用法 一、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的用法

1．表示現(xiàn)在習(xí)慣或經(jīng)常反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。常與always, usually, often, sometimes, every day

(week, month)等連用。

He plays football twice a week.他每周踢兩次足球。

I sometimes go to work on foot.我有時(shí)步行去上班。

2．表示現(xiàn)在的事實(shí)或狀態(tài)。

It’s cold today.今天很冷。

You look tired now.你現(xiàn)在看起來很疲乏。

3．表示主語所具有的特征，性格和能力等。

She is a famous singer.她是個(gè)著名的歌唱家。

Tom likes swimming.湯姆喜歡游泳。

4．表示客觀事實(shí)或普遍真理。

It’s far from the earth to the sun.地球與太陽間的距離很遠(yuǎn)。

Five and three makes eight.五加三得八。

5．表示已預(yù)先安排或計(jì)劃好將來確定會(huì)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。如列車時(shí)刻等。

但主要用于go, come, leave, start, return, arrive等瞬間動(dòng)詞。

The train from London arrives at 7:00.從倫敦來的火車7:00到站。

He leaves on business the day after tomorrow.他后天出差。

6．在時(shí)間及條件狀語從句中表示將來的動(dòng)作。

I’ll call you as soon as I get there.我一到那里就打電話給你。

I’ll come if he invites me.如果他邀請我，我就來。

7．在以here, there開頭的句子里，表示正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。

Here comes the bus!汽車來了！

There goes the bell!鈴響了！

注意：當(dāng)主語是代詞時(shí)，代詞必須放在動(dòng)詞之前。如：

There he comes!他來了！

8．某些表示心理狀態(tài)和感覺的動(dòng)詞，如feel, love, hope, want, understand等表示現(xiàn)在發(fā)生的具體

行為。

I feel pain in my head.我頭疼。

I don’t understand what you mean.我不理解你的意思。

注意：此時(shí)只用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)而不用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。二、一般過去時(shí)的用法

1．表示過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，常與表示過去時(shí)間的副詞如：yesterday, last week, two

hours ago等連用。

My family moved here five years ago.我家五年前搬到了這里。

I was born in 1973.我生于1973年。

2．表示過去一段時(shí)間經(jīng)常或反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。這時(shí)可與頻度副詞如：

often, usually, always等連用。

He always worked into night those days.那些日子他總是工作到深夜。

I often left on business in 1987.1987年我經(jīng)常出差。

注意：表示“過去經(jīng)常，而今不再”時(shí)，要用used to。如：

I used to read newspaper after breakfast.我過去經(jīng)常早飯后看報(bào)紙。（意指現(xiàn)在已不是這樣）

The children often swam in this river.孩子們過去經(jīng)常在這條河里游泳。(只表示過去有過這個(gè)事情，與現(xiàn)在無關(guān))

3．表示過去發(fā)生的一連串動(dòng)作。

過去發(fā)生的一連串動(dòng)作，若用and, or, but等并列連詞連接，則一律用過去式。

He put down the heavy box, took out the keys, and opened the door.他放下這沉重的箱子，掏出鑰匙開了房門。

They moved the chairs to the table, sat down and began to have supper.他們把椅子搬到桌邊，坐下開始吃飯。

4．在時(shí)間和條件狀語從句中，用一般過去時(shí)表示過去將來的動(dòng)作。

He said that he would let me know as soon as he got the information.他說他一得到消息就立即讓我知道。

Mary told me that she would stay at home if it rained.瑪麗告訴我如果下雨她就呆在家里。三、一般將來時(shí)的用法

（1）表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，常與表示將來的時(shí)間狀語如next month, tomorrow, in a

week, soon等連用。

I will go to the zoo next Sunday.下周日我將去動(dòng)物園。

She’ll go to the cinema tonight.今晚她將去看電影。

（2）表示將來經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作

Some birds will fly away to the south when winter comes.冬季來臨時(shí)，一些鳥兒將飛往南方。

（3）“be going to+動(dòng)詞原形”可以表示：

I）根據(jù)目前跡象某件事情很有可能發(fā)生。

Look at those clouds!It’s going to rain.看那些云，快下雨了。

II）打算、計(jì)劃、決定要做某事。

We’re going to meet outside the school gate.我們打算在校門口見面。

will與is/ am/ are going to do的區(qū)別：

都可表示將來，通?？苫Q，但下面幾種情形只用will而不用be going to。

（1）表示帶有“意愿”色彩的將來時(shí)。

I’ll help you if you need.如果需要，我?guī)湍恪?/p>

（2）問對方是否愿意或表示客氣的邀請或命令時(shí)。

Will you go shopping with me? 你和我一起去購物嗎？

Will you please open the door? 請把門打開好嗎？

（3）表示客觀必然會(huì)發(fā)生的事情。

It will be Monday tomorrow.明天是周一。

（4）在含有時(shí)間狀語從句或條件狀語從句的復(fù)合句中，主句如果是將來時(shí)，則多用will。

I’ll take care of your baby when you are out.你出門時(shí)我會(huì)照看你的小寶寶。

I’ll open the window if you smoke here.你如果在這兒抽煙我就把窗戶打開。

四、過去將來時(shí)的用法

過去將來時(shí)表示從過去某一時(shí)間看將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，多用于賓語從句中，表示從句動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句動(dòng)作之后。如果表示過去習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作時(shí)，只能用would，而不用should。如：

He said he would ring me up at six.他說他六點(diǎn)鐘將給我打電話。

I would swim in this pool when I was a child.我孩童時(shí)期經(jīng)常在這個(gè)池塘游泳。

This window wouldn’t close.這個(gè)窗戶老是關(guān)不上。

五、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法

（1）表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。常與now, at present, at this, moment等連用。

It is snowing now.現(xiàn)在正在下雪。

He is watching TV at present.他正在看電視。

（2）與these days, this week/month等連用，表示現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。

He is studying hard these days.這些天他學(xué)習(xí)很努力。

He is writing a book.他在寫一本書。

注意：在“Look!, Listen!”等感嘆句后，通常用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。如：

Look!The bus is coming.看，公共汽車來了。

比較：

Look!There comes the bus.（以Here, There為首的句子以一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。）

（3）與表示將來的時(shí)間狀語連用，表示最近計(jì)劃或安排好的將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，主要用于go, come，arrive, leave start, return等瞬間動(dòng)詞。即用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來。

He is leaving for Nanjing tonight.他今晚去南京。

The meeting is beginning at three this afternoon.會(huì)議在下午3：00開始。

（4）與always, continually, forever等詞連用，表示反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的動(dòng)作，代替一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，表達(dá)說話

人強(qiáng)烈的感情。如贊揚(yáng)、不滿、討厭等。如：

He is always asking such silly questions.他老是提這類愚蠢的問題。

He is continually making mistakes.他不斷地犯錯(cuò)誤。

沒有進(jìn)行時(shí)的動(dòng)詞

1．表示“存在、位置”的動(dòng)詞。如：be（是），lie（位于），stand（位于）

She is a doctor.她是名醫(yī)生。

The mountain lies in the middle of the country.這座山位于該國的中部。

The tower stands beside the river.這座塔位于河邊。

但是，lie, stand分別作“躺、站”解時(shí)，可用于現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。如：

The cat is lying under the table.貓?zhí)稍谧雷酉旅妗?/p>

He is standing against the door.他正靠門站著。

2．表示“所有”的動(dòng)詞。如：have（有），own（擁有）

I have a new car.我有一輛新車。

He owns a lot of houses.他擁有許多房子。

但是，當(dāng)have作“吃、舉行”講時(shí)，可用于現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。如：

She is having lunch now.她現(xiàn)在正在吃午飯。

They are having a sports meeting.他們正在舉行運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)。

3．表示感覺的動(dòng)詞。如：see（看到），hear（聽到），smell（聞到），feel（摸起來），taste（嘗起來），find（發(fā)現(xiàn)）等。

I see a snake lying in the grass.我看到一條蛇躺在草叢里。

4．表示心理活動(dòng)和情感的動(dòng)詞，如：know（知道），understand（理解），think（作為），like（喜歡），love（愛），hate（恨），hope（希望），want（想要）等。

I think they are right.我認(rèn)為他們是正確的。

I like music.我喜歡音樂。

但是，think作“想，考慮”解時(shí)，可用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。如：

I’m thinking about it now.我現(xiàn)在正在考慮這事。

Do you know what he is thinking about? 你知道他在想什么嗎？

六、過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法

（1）過去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過去某一時(shí)刻正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。一般和過去的特定時(shí)間狀語或狀語從句連用。

如：then, at that time, at eight yesterday, this time yesterday, when he came in等。

I was playing volley-ball this time last Sunday.上周日的這個(gè)時(shí)候我正在打排球。

Li Fang was watching TV when her father came back.李芳的爸爸回來時(shí)她正在看電視。

（2）過去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過去某段時(shí)間是持續(xù)進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。

They were making ships last month.他們上個(gè)月正在造船。

（3）go, come, leave等瞬間動(dòng)詞的過去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過去某一時(shí)間安排或計(jì)劃好的即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。

The plane was arriving at eight.飛機(jī)八點(diǎn)到達(dá)。過去進(jìn)行時(shí)與一般過去時(shí)的區(qū)別

過去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過去某一動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行，強(qiáng)調(diào)“動(dòng)作的連續(xù)性”，而一般過去時(shí)則表示一個(gè)做完的動(dòng)作，強(qiáng)調(diào)“有過這件事”。

I was playing chess last night.昨晚我在下棋。

I played chess last night.昨晚我下棋了。

My father worked last Sunday.我爸爸上周日工作了。

My father was working last Sunday.我爸爸上周日在工作。

七、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的用法

（1）強(qiáng)調(diào)不久前完成的動(dòng)作對現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的影響，常與already, just, yet等副詞連用。

I have just read your letter.我剛剛讀完你的信。

He has already come back.他已經(jīng)回來了.（2）表示過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在。常與for或since引導(dǎo)的一段時(shí)間狀語連用。for后通常跟

一個(gè)時(shí)間段，而since后只能跟一個(gè)具體的時(shí)間點(diǎn)。

for two weeks持續(xù)兩周時(shí)間；since Monday自從周一

He has lived here for three years.他在此住了兩年了。

I have been here since 1976.自從1976年我就一直在這里。瞬間動(dòng)詞及注意要點(diǎn)：

a.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的肯定句，其謂語動(dòng)詞如果是瞬間動(dòng)詞，如come, go, begin, join等，則不可與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語連用。

如：他到此兩周了。

He has arrived here for two weeks.（×）

此時(shí)需轉(zhuǎn)換表達(dá)方式：

① 用ago代替for，并改為一般過去時(shí)。

② 用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞代替瞬間動(dòng)詞。

③ 用It is/It has been…since…句型。

所以上面的句子可轉(zhuǎn)換為：

① He arrived here two weeks ago.② He has been here for two weeks.③ It is/ It has been two weeks since he arrived here.b.當(dāng)瞬間動(dòng)詞用于否定句時(shí)，則可以與時(shí)間段連用。如：

I haven’t gone there for six years.我六年沒去那兒。

（3）強(qiáng)調(diào)直到現(xiàn)在為止的生活經(jīng)歷。

I have been to Paris twice.我去過巴黎兩次。

It’s one of the most interesting films I’ve ever seen.它是我看過的最有趣的電影之一。

比較have been to與have gone to

have been to表示“去過某地”，現(xiàn)在已回來了，可以與ever ,since等詞連用。如：

I have ever been to London.我曾去過倫敦。

have gone to表示“去某地了”，現(xiàn)在尚未回來，不能與ever, since等詞連用。

He has gone to London.他去倫敦了。

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與一般過去時(shí)的區(qū)別

二者都表示“動(dòng)作已經(jīng)發(fā)生”，區(qū)別在于：

（1）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)這一動(dòng)作與現(xiàn)在的關(guān)系，即對現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果、影響等，而一般過去時(shí)只表示過

去的事實(shí)，不表示和現(xiàn)在的關(guān)系。

He has learned French for three years.他學(xué)法語已三年了。

He learned French for three years.他曾學(xué)過三年法語。

Who has taken my bag? I couldn’t find it.誰拿走了我的包？我找不著了！

He cleaned the house yesterday.他昨天打掃過房間。

The room is clean, for he has cleaned it already.房間很干凈，因?yàn)樗呀?jīng)打掃過了。

（2）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)不可與表示過去的時(shí)間副詞連用，而一般過去時(shí)則可以。

He has done some washing yesterday.（F）

He did some washing yesterday.（T）

他昨天洗衣服了。

八、過去完成時(shí)的用法

與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的用法相似，只不過作為衡量基準(zhǔn)點(diǎn)的時(shí)間點(diǎn)不同，現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)以現(xiàn)在作為衡量的基準(zhǔn)點(diǎn)，而過去完成時(shí)則以過去某個(gè)時(shí)刻作為基準(zhǔn)點(diǎn)。

（1）表示在過去某一時(shí)刻或動(dòng)作之前完成了的動(dòng)作，即“過去的過去”，常by, before引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀

語連用。如：

By the time he was ten, Edison had built a lab for himself.到愛迪生10歲時(shí)，他已給自己建了一個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)室。

He had measured me before I could get in a word.我還沒說話，他已把衣服量完了。

I thought I had seen him before.我原以為以前見過他。

（2）表示由過去某一時(shí)間開始，一直延續(xù)到過去另一時(shí)間的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。常與for和since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間

狀語相連用。

She said she had worked in that hospital for 20 years.她說她已在那所醫(yī)院工作20年了。

He said he had taught in the university since 1989.他說自從1989年他就在這所大學(xué)任教。

（3）敘述過去發(fā)生的事情后，反過來又追敘或補(bǔ)述更早以前發(fā)生的動(dòng)作時(shí)，常用過去完成時(shí)。

I knew nothing about this matter, for I had been away for six month.對于此事我一無所知，因?yàn)槲乙央x開6個(gè)月了。

Some people ran into the street.They had heard a loud noise.有些人跑上了街，他們聽到很響的嘈雜聲。

時(shí)態(tài)的一致

在一些從句（主要是賓語從句）中謂語動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)，常常受主句中謂語動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)的影響，這叫做時(shí)態(tài)的一致。

時(shí)態(tài)的一致通常分以下一些情況下考慮：

1．當(dāng)主句中的謂語動(dòng)詞是現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)或?qū)頃r(shí)態(tài)，在這種情況下，從句的謂語動(dòng)詞可以用任何所需時(shí)

態(tài)。如：

I know that Mr.Brown is a good teacher.我知道布朗先生是一名好老師。

She believes that he was once a solider.她相信他以前曾是一名士兵。

He will tell us what he is going to do.他將告訴我們他要干什么。

2．當(dāng)主句中的謂語動(dòng)詞是過去的某種時(shí)態(tài)，在這種情況下，從句的謂語動(dòng)詞可以分為下面三種情況：

（1）如果從句的謂語動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作與主句的謂語動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，從句則需要用一

般過去時(shí)或過去進(jìn)行時(shí)。如：

He was wondering where he could put the box.他不知道該把這個(gè)盒子放在哪里。

The students were talking while the teacher was writing on the blackboard.老師在黑板上板書時(shí)，學(xué)生們在說話。

（2）如果從句的謂語動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主語的謂語動(dòng)作之前，從句則要用過去完成時(shí)。如：

The train had left when they got to the station.當(dāng)他們到達(dá)車站時(shí)，火車已經(jīng)開走了。

He said his father had been dead for twenty years.他說他父親已經(jīng)去世二十年了。

（3）如果從句的謂語動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主語的謂語動(dòng)作之后，從句則要用過去將來時(shí)。如：

She said she would finish the work tonight.她說過她將于今晚完成這項(xiàng)工作。

We knew that it was going to snow.我們知道將要下雪了。

3．當(dāng)從句所說明的為一般真理或客觀事實(shí)時(shí)，無論主句為何時(shí)態(tài)，從句不受影響，仍用現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。

The boy was told that the moon travels around the earth.男孩被告知月亮繞著地球轉(zhuǎn)。

Everybody knows that sixty minutes make an hour.人人都知道一小時(shí)有六十分鐘。

第五篇：小學(xué)英語四種時(shí)態(tài)小結(jié)

小學(xué)英語四種時(shí)態(tài)小結(jié)一、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)

1.表示事物或人物的特征、狀態(tài)。如：The sky is blue.天空是藍(lán)色的。

2.表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作。如：I get up at six every day.我每天六點(diǎn)起床。

3.表示客觀現(xiàn)實(shí)。如：The earth goes around the sun.地球繞著太陽轉(zhuǎn)。一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的構(gòu)成1.be動(dòng)詞：主語+be(am,is,are)+其它。如：I am a boy.我是一個(gè)男孩。

2.行為動(dòng)詞：主語+行為動(dòng)詞(+其它)。如：We study English.我們學(xué)習(xí)英語。當(dāng)主語為第三人稱單數(shù)(he, she,it)時(shí)，要在動(dòng)詞后加“-s”或“-es”。

如：Mary likes Chinese.瑪麗喜歡漢語。

一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的變化

1.be動(dòng)詞的變化。

否定句：主語+ be + not +其它。

如：He is not a worker.他不是工人。

一般疑問句：Be +主語+其它。如：Are you a student?-Yes.I am./ No, I'm not.特殊疑問句：疑問詞+一般疑問句。如：Where is my bike?

2.行為動(dòng)詞的變化。

否定句：主語+ don't(doesn't)+動(dòng)詞原形(+其它)。如：I don't like apples.當(dāng)主語為第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，要用doesn't構(gòu)成否定句。如：He doesn't often play.一般疑問句：Do(Does)+主語+動(dòng)詞原形+其它。如：

-Do you often play football?-Yes, I do./ No, I don't.當(dāng)主語為第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，要用does構(gòu)成一般疑問句。如：

-Does she go to work by bike?-Yes, she does./ No, she doesn't.特殊疑問句：疑問詞+一般疑問句。如：How does your father go to work? 動(dòng)詞+s的變化規(guī)則

1．一般情況下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks, milk-milks

2．以s.x.sh.ch.o結(jié)尾，加-es，如：wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes

3．以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾，變y為i, 再加-es，如：study-studies；

二、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)

1．現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，也可表示當(dāng)前一段時(shí)間內(nèi)的活動(dòng)或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。

2．現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的肯定句（否定句）基本結(jié)構(gòu)為 主語+be+（not）+動(dòng)詞ing.3．現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的一般疑問句把be動(dòng)詞調(diào)到句首。Be+主語+動(dòng)詞ing+其他？

4．現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的特殊疑問的基本結(jié)構(gòu)為：

疑問詞+ be + 主語 + 動(dòng)詞ing+其他?即疑問詞+一般疑問句？1

動(dòng)詞加ing的變化規(guī)則

1．一般情況下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking

2．以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾，去e加ing，如：make-making, taste-tasting

3．如果末尾是一個(gè)元音字母和一個(gè)輔音字母，雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再加ing，如：run-running, stop-stopping三、一般將來時(shí)

1、概念：表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)及打算、計(jì)劃或準(zhǔn)備做某事。

句中一般有以下時(shí)間狀語：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year…).2、基本結(jié)構(gòu)：①be going to + do；②will+ do.3、否定句：在be動(dòng)詞（am, is, are）l后加not或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞will后加not成won’t。例如：I’m going to have a picnic this afternoon.→ I’m not going to have a picnic this afternoon.4、一般疑問句： be或will提到句首，some改為any, and改為or，第一二人稱互換。

如：We are going to the zoo tomorrow.→ Are you going to the zootomorrow？

5、對劃線部分提問。一般情況，一般將來時(shí)的對劃線部分有三種情況。

1.問人。Who 例如：I’m going to New York soon.→Who’s going to New York soon.2.問干什么。What … do.例如： My father is going to watch a race with me this

afternoon.→What is your father going to do with you this afternoon.3.問什么時(shí)候。When.如：She’s going to go to bed at nine.→When is she goingto bed?

六、同義句：be going to = will

I am going to go swimming tomorrow（明天）.= I will go swimming tomorrow.四、一般過去時(shí)

1．一般過去時(shí)表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，常和表示過去的時(shí)間狀語連用。如yesterday，last Monday（week，weekend，year…）

2．Be動(dòng)詞在一般過去時(shí)中的變化：

⑴am 和is在一般過去時(shí)中變?yōu)閣as。（was not=wasn’t）

⑵are在一般過去時(shí)中變?yōu)閣ere。（were not=weren’t）

⑶帶有was或were的句子，其否定、疑問的變化和is, am, are一樣，即否定句在was或were后加not，一般疑問句把was或were調(diào)到句首。

3．句中沒有be動(dòng)詞的一般過去時(shí)的句子

否定句：主語+didn’t +動(dòng)詞原形+其它。如：Jim didn’t go home yesterday.一般疑問句：Did+主語+動(dòng)詞原形+其它？如：Did Jim go home yesterday?特殊疑問句：⑴疑問詞+did+主語+動(dòng)詞原形？如：What did Jim do yesterday? ⑵疑問詞當(dāng)主語時(shí)：疑問詞+動(dòng)詞過去式？

如：Who went to home yesterday?

動(dòng)詞過去式變化規(guī)則：

1．一般在動(dòng)詞末尾加-ed，如：pull-pulled, cook-cooked

2．結(jié)尾是e加d，如：taste-tasted

3．末尾只有一個(gè)元音字母和一個(gè)輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)，應(yīng)雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再加-ed，如：stop-stopped

4．以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的，變y為i，再加-ed，如：study-studied

5．不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞過去式：

am,is-was, are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said, give-gave, get-got, go-went, come-came, have-had, eat-ate, take-took, run-ran, sing-sang, put-put, make-made, read-read, write-wrote, draw-drew, drink-drank, fly-flew, ride-rode, speak-spoke, sweep-swept, swim-swam, sit-sat，read-read