第一篇：2011秋中級口譯考試英譯漢原題及參考譯文

2011秋中級口譯考試英譯漢原題及參考譯文

原文：

The relative decline of American education at the elementary-and high-school levels has long been a national embarrassment as well as a threat to the nation’s future.Once upon a time, American students tested better than any other students in the world.Now, ranked against European schoolchildren, America does about as well as Poland, behind at least 10 other nations.Within the United States, the achievement gap between white students and poor and minority students stubbornly persists.For much of the last half century professional educators believed that if they could only find the right pedagogy, the right method of instruction, all would be well.Yet in recent years researchers have discovered something that may seem obvious, but for many reasons was overlooked or denied.What really makes a difference, what matters more than the class size or the textbook, the teaching method or the technology, is the quality of the teacher.Much of the ability to teach is innate— an ability to inspire young minds as well as control unruly classrooms that some people instinctively possess and some people definitely do not.參考譯文：

中小學(xué)教育水平相對滯后的問題長期以來一直困擾著美國，并且威脅著國家未來的發(fā)展。曾幾何時，美國學(xué)生在考試中總是領(lǐng)先于其他各國的莘莘學(xué)子。而如今，在與歐洲國家學(xué)子的角逐中，美國只能與波蘭平起平座，并遠遠落后于其余十多個國家。在全美，白人學(xué)生與貧困家庭學(xué)生以及少數(shù)民族學(xué)生之間的成就差距始終是國家教育中的頑疾，久治不愈。

過去大半個世紀中，教育專家們紛紛認為，老師一旦掌握正確的教育方法，懂得如何教導(dǎo)學(xué)生，一切問題將會迎刃而解。而近幾年來，研究學(xué)者則發(fā)現(xiàn)了另一個因素，它貌似明顯卻又由于種種原因而受到忽視、遭遇摒棄。能使教育發(fā)生實質(zhì)蛻變的，不是課堂人數(shù)，不是教科用書，不是教學(xué)方法，不是科學(xué)技術(shù)，而是教師水準。教學(xué)能力很大一部分是天性使然的，這種能力體現(xiàn)在激勵每一顆萌動的心靈，這種能力體現(xiàn)在馴服每一位不羈的學(xué)子。這種能力，有人與生俱來，而有人望塵莫及。

原文：

越來越多受英文教育的海外華人父母，已經(jīng)認識到孩子在掌握不可或缺的英文的同時，也通曉中文的重要性。中國的崛起，讓他們充分認識到孩子掌握雙語的好處——既能增加他們的就業(yè)機會，也能讓他們接觸和熟悉東西方兩種不同的文化。

這些人對中文的態(tài)度幾乎沒有完全改變。曾幾何時，他們還非常驕傲地宣稱自己只懂英文?，F(xiàn)在，他們已開始積極支持孩子學(xué)習中文和中國文化，而且還不時走訪中國，欣賞壯觀的自然風光，認識豐富的文化遺產(chǎn)。

譯文：

An increasing number of Chinese parents overseas with education in English have realized the importance of commanding Chinese as well as that of mastering indispensable English.The rise of China has fully awakened their awareness of the benefits of their kids’ bilingual study, that is, both to increase their chances of employment and to facilitate their contact and familiarity with two different cultures, the Oriental and the Occidental.They have hardly changed their attitudes towards Chinese.At one time they proudly declared that they knew English only.Now, they have begun their positive support of their kids’ study of Chinese and Chinese culture, of their frequent visit of China to admire its magnificent natural scenery and to command its cultural heritage.2010年9月中級口譯翻譯漢譯英原文及考生譯文

說起上海老城，總讓人與古老傳統(tǒng)的東西聯(lián)系在一起，例如明代的豫園和清代的城隍廟。

上海建成已有700多年歷史，但是最具有人文發(fā)展歷史的時期是開埠以后的150年，例如：華洋雜居、石庫門、老字號等等，都發(fā)生在開埠后的上海。流傳于老城內(nèi)外的民間文化豐富多彩。著名的“上海老城人物風情畫卷”生動地描述了上海老城市民的生活百態(tài)。上海老城是歷史文明與現(xiàn)代文明的兼容并蓄。無論上海城市發(fā)展得如何日新月異，它將記錄上海城市發(fā)展的歷史華章。

學(xué)生版譯文，參考分數(shù)：30分

When talking about the old town of Shanghai, we always associate it with the ancient and traditional, such as the Yuyuan Garden in the Ming Dynasty and Chenghuangmiao(the City God Temple or the Temple of the City God).Although Shanghai boasts a history of more than 700 years, the most splendid period is the 150 years since its opening up to the outside world.During this period of time, Shanghai was a mixed residential area for both the locals and the foreigners, featured by its unique architectural style.named Shikumen(stone-framed gate)houses and time-honored brands.The folk culture in the old town and beyond is colorful and various.The famous “Scroll of Shanghai Locals” depicted vividly aspects of life in town.The old town of Shanghai is a perfect combination of historical and modern civilization.No matter how fast Shanghai develops, it will still keep a record of its development.2010年9月中級口譯翻譯英譯漢學(xué)生高分版

The economic system of the United States is principally one of private ownership.In this system, consumers, producers and government make economic decisions on a daily basis, mainly through the price system.The dynamic interaction of these three groups makes the economy function.The market’s primary force, however, is the interaction of producers and consumers;hence the “market economy” designation.美國的經(jīng)濟制度主要是私有制經(jīng)濟。在這種體制中，消費者、生產(chǎn)者和政府通過價格體系每天都做出經(jīng)濟決策。正是這三者之間的互動關(guān)系才使經(jīng)濟得以運轉(zhuǎn)。而主要動力則來自生產(chǎn)者和消費者之間，因而就有了“市場經(jīng)濟”這個名稱。

As a rule, consumers look for the best values for what they spend while producers seek the best price and profit for what they have to sell.Government, at the federal, state, and local level, seeks to promote the public security, assure fair competition, and provide a range of services believed to be better performed by public rather than private enterprises.通常消費者花錢買東西，總想獲得最大價值；而生產(chǎn)者則想從所賣出的產(chǎn)品上獲得最高的價錢和利潤。聯(lián)邦、州和地方各級政府要做的是增強公眾的安全感，確保公平競爭，并提供一系列服務(wù)，相信這些服務(wù)性事業(yè)由公有企業(yè)來辦要比私人企業(yè)來辦更好。

Generally, there are three kinds of enterprises: single-owner operated businesses, partnerships and corporations.The first two are important, but it is the latter structure that best permits the amassing of large sums of money by combing the investments of many people who, as stockholders, can buy and sell their shares at any time on the open market.Corporations make large-scale enterprises possible.一般來說，有三種類型的企業(yè)：個體業(yè)主開辦的企業(yè)，合伙企業(yè)和大型企業(yè)。前兩者都非常重要，但第三種企業(yè)最大程度上允許股東等投資者籌集巨額資金，而股東在任何時候都可以在公開市場上買賣他們所有的公司股份。正因為如此，大型企業(yè)才得以開辦。

2011春季中級口譯漢譯英、英譯漢原文及參考答案

中口英譯漢

A majority of the world’s climate scientists have convinced themselves, and also a lot of laymen, some of whom have political power, that the Earth’s climate is changing;that the change, from humanity’s point of view, is for the worse;and that the cause is human activity, in the form.of excessive emissions of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide.A minority, though, are skeptical.Some think that recent data suggesting the Earth’s average temperature is rising are explained by natural variations in solar radiation, and that this trend may be coming to an end.Others argue that there is no conclusive evidence that modern temperatures are higher than they used to be.we believe that global warming is a serious threat, and that the world needs to take steps to try to avert it.That is the job of the politicians.But we do not believe that climate change is a certainty.There are no certainties in science.Prevailing theories must be constantly tested against evidence, and more evidence collected, and the theories tested again.That is the job of the scientists.參考譯文：

世界上大部分氣候?qū)W家自己確信——而且還使得很多外行人（其中一些是有政治權(quán)利的人）相信——地球的氣候正在變化。這種變化從人類的觀點來看是變得更糟。而引起氣候變化的則是人類的活動，其表現(xiàn)形式是溫室氣體過量排放。

不過，有少數(shù)氣候?qū)W家對此持懷疑態(tài)度。有的認為，最近的數(shù)據(jù)表明地球的平均氣溫正在上升，但這些數(shù)據(jù)可以由太陽輻射的自然變化來解釋，而且氣溫上升的趨勢可能行將結(jié)束。還有一些人認為，現(xiàn)在還沒有沒有確鑿的證據(jù)證明現(xiàn)代的氣溫高于往昔。

我們認為，地球變暖是一個嚴重的威脅，世界各國都需要采取措施來防止氣候變暖。這是政治家們的任務(wù)。但是我們并不相信氣候變化是確定無疑的。在科學(xué)領(lǐng)域沒有確定無疑的事情，盛行的理論必須不斷進行驗證，加以改進，而后收集更多的證據(jù)，再對理論進行驗證。這是科學(xué)家們的工作。

中口漢譯英

豫園是上海著名的古典園林，已有400多年的歷史?；▓@設(shè)計獨特，具有明清兩代南方的建筑藝術(shù)的風格。園內(nèi)共有40余景，景色自然迷人，亭臺樓閣、假山池塘和諧對稱、協(xié)調(diào)均衡，其布局之精致自古聞名江南。

豫園原為明代一位大官的私家花園，始建于1559年，直到20年后才建成。此后曾幾經(jīng)變遷，屢遭摧殘。所幸的是，從1949年上海解放時，園內(nèi)的主要景點尚完好無損。從1956年開始，豫園經(jīng)過多次修繕，重現(xiàn)其昔日光彩。

參考譯文：

Yu Yuan Garden is a famous classical garden in Shanghai, with a history of more than 400 years.Ingenious in design, the garden is typical of the southern architectural style.of the Ming and Qing Dynasties.It has some 40 different scenes, presenting an attractive landscape.The pavilions, terraces, towers, rockeries and ponds are laid out in perfect harmony and balance.This exquisite layout has been renowned in the south of the Yangtzi River across ancient times.Yu Yuan Garden was originally a private garden of a high-ranking official in the Ming Dynasty.Construction of the garden started in 1559, and it was not completed until 20 years later/ it took two decades to complete the construction.Later on, it underwent many changes and suffered repeated destruction.Luckily, by the time Shanghai was liberated in 1949, main scenic points in the garden were still in good condition.After a number of renovations which first began in 1956, Yu Yuan Garden has regained its splendor of the former days.

第二篇：2013年9月中級口譯英譯漢真題及答案解析

2013年9月中級口譯英譯漢真題及答案解析

2013年09月16日18:17 滬江英語 微博 我有話說

編輯點評：2013年秋季上海中高級口譯考試于今日9月15日開考，滬江英語在考后第一時間提供真題、解析、答案信息，本文為2013年9月中級口譯英譯漢答案部分。

原文：

American are much more likely than citizens of other nations to believe that they live in a meritocracy, i.e.Government by people selected according to merit.But this self-image is a fantasy: America actually stands out as a the advanced country in which it matters most who your parents were, the country in which those born on one of society’s lower rungs have the least chance of climing to the top or even to the middle。

And if you ask why America is more class-bound in practice than the rest of the Western world, a large part of the reason is that our government falls down on the job of creating equal opportunity。

The failure starts early: in America, the holes in the social safety net mean that both low-income mothers and their children are all too likely to suffer from poor nutrition and receive inadequate health care.It continues once children reach school age, where they encounter a system in which the afflent send their kids to good, well-financed public schools or, if they choose, to private schools, while less-advantaged children get a far worse education。

參考譯文：

美國人可能比任何其他國家的人都更相信他們生活在一個崇尚精英體制國家，比如他們堅信有能力的人才會被人民選為政府的一份子。但他們這個自我的認識可說是一種幻覺。雖然美國發(fā)達強大，傲視群雄，但在那里家庭背景卻極其重要，若一個人出生在無權(quán)無勢的家庭，他成為精英甚至中產(chǎn)階級的機會則是微乎其微的。

如果你要問為什么實際上美國比其他西方國家都要階級分明，政府在創(chuàng)造公平機會這件事情上的失職從很大程度上來說是罪魁禍首。

這種失職從很早就開始了，社會的安全網(wǎng)存在著漏洞，這就意味著低收入的母親和兒童將遭受營養(yǎng)不良和醫(yī)療不利之苦。這個趨勢將會繼續(xù)下去---等小孩到了上學(xué)的年紀，富人可以送小孩上優(yōu)質(zhì)的、資金充足的學(xué)校，如果他們愿意，甚至可以去私立學(xué)校，而家境貧寒的人只能委身于水準低得多的教育。

第三篇：如何解決中級口譯口試英譯漢的問題

如何解決中級口譯口試英譯漢的問題

我最常用的方式有兩種。一種是綜合訓(xùn)練。另外一種是集中練習筆記。

步驟如下：

1.可以邊看講話原文，邊記筆記。必須想象是邊聽邊記，所以不能看了很長一段才記。必須看幾個字一記。

2.完成后注意筆記中，字與字之間是否有視覺上的關(guān)聯(lián)；是否有線條表示邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)或關(guān)系。初學(xué)者的毛病往往是只有單字，沒有關(guān)聯(lián)。而且，會字與字太近，很容易把自己搞糊涂。不知道兩個字是各有所指呢？還是兩個不同意群。3.最后看看哪些地方可以改進。

筆記是口譯訊息整理與保存的工具，運用這項工具時必須先了解到底筆記的內(nèi)容是什么?？s減練習中已經(jīng)提到，建立新架構(gòu)的必要訊息是5W1H「六何」（何人、何事、何時、何地、何物、如何）。再加上，數(shù)字與專有名詞就是了。

練習的時候如果覺得錄音比較難怎么辦？

因人而異?？梢园唁浺舳嗦爭妆?。第一遍等于是聽力練習，掃除詞匯障礙。到后兩遍聽力沒有問題了，再練筆記。

其實，任何方法都是實踐出來的。別人的方法也必須自己親身實踐然后修剪增加改造，形成適合自己的方法，記號等等，一定要練成下意識，就是熟到不能再熟（尤其是記號，因為別人的記號很難讓自己產(chǎn)生共鳴，所以除非你練到下意識，否則很難解決自己的問題，因為幾分之一秒對自己而言都非常的重要。）然后你會發(fā)現(xiàn)形成經(jīng)驗后，記錄可以更減，這是磨出來的。

巨大的工程哦~

推薦一個帖子，研究下別人的過程還是很有用的。

第四篇：2011年3月中級口譯英譯漢原文和參考答案

2011年3月中級口譯英譯漢原文和參考答案

A majority of the world’s climate scientists have convinced themselves, and also a lot of laymen, some of whom have political power, that the Earth’s climate is changing;that the change, from humanity’s point of view, is for the worse;and that the cause is human activity, in the form of excessive emissions of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide.世界上大部分氣候?qū)W家已經(jīng)使他們自己及許多普通民眾（包括一些政界人士）確信，地球的氣候正處于變化之中；對人類而言，這一變化正日趨嚴重；罪魁禍首是人類活動，其表現(xiàn)形式為過量排放二氧化碳之類的溫室氣體。

A minority, though, are sceptical.Some think that recent data suggesting the Earth’s average temperature is rising are explained by natural variations in solar radiation, and that this trend may be coming to an end.Others argue that there is no conclusive evidence that modern temperatures are higher than they used to be.但是，仍有一小部分人對此持懷疑態(tài)度。一些人表示，雖然近期的數(shù)據(jù)表明地球的平均氣溫正在升高，但其原因是太陽輻射的自然波動，這一趨勢可能臨近結(jié)束。另一些人認為并沒有決定性證據(jù)表明近現(xiàn)代的地球溫度高于古代。

we believe that global warming is a serious threat, and that the world needs to take steps to try to avert it.That is the job of the politicians.But we do not believe that climate change is a certainty.There are no certainties in science.Prevailing theories must be constantly tested against evidence, and more evidence collected, and the theories tested again.That is the job of the scientists.我們認為，全球變暖是人類面臨的嚴重威脅，世界各國需要采取措施，竭力避免這一問題。這是政治家的職責。但是我們也相信氣候變化并不是必然的?？茖W(xué)無絕對。盛行的理論必須不斷得到實際證據(jù)的檢驗。一旦搜集到了新的證據(jù)，就需要進行再次驗證。這是科學(xué)家的任務(wù)。

第五篇：中級口譯考試段落

文化是指一個民族的整體生活方式。這一簡單定義的含義使文化包括了這樣一些內(nèi)容，即一個民族的風俗、傳統(tǒng)、社會習慣、價值觀、信仰、語言、思維方式以及El?；顒?。文化還包含了文明史。從廣義上說，有兩種文化，即物質(zhì)文化和精神文化。物質(zhì)文化是具體的、可見的，而精神文化則比較蘊蓄、比較抽象。

Culture means the total way of life of a people.This simple definition implies that culture refers to the customs, traditions, social habits, values, beliefs, language, ways of thinking and daily activities of a people.It also includes the history of civilization.In the broad sense, there are two types of culture, that is, material culture and spiritual culture.Material culture is concrete and observable, while spiritual culture implicit and abstract.由于人類語言是文化的直接表現(xiàn)，所以第二語言的學(xué)習涉及了第二文化的學(xué)習。第二語言教師應(yīng)該引導(dǎo)學(xué)生注意并了解他們所學(xué)語言的文化內(nèi)容。包括理解外族文化的價值觀，掌握外族文化的禮儀，了解外族文化與本族文化之間的差異。

Because human language is a direct manifestation of culture, learning a second language involves learning a second culture.For the teacher of a second language, he or she should make sure to develop the students' awareness and knowledge of the culture of the target language they are learning.This includes understanding the values of the target culture, acquiring a command of the etiquette of the target culture and understanding the differences between the target culture and the students' own culture.隨著學(xué)生外語學(xué)習的深化，他們會增進對所學(xué)語言民族的文化特征的認識。這種開闊了的文化認識可以涉及文化的所有方面：外族人的生活方式，以及外族社會的地理、歷史、經(jīng)濟、藝術(shù)和科學(xué)等。我們知道，每個民族的文化有不同于其他民族文化的禮儀規(guī)范。因此，學(xué)生在上外語課時應(yīng)該學(xué)習操目標語的民族那些恰當?shù)皿w的禮儀規(guī)范，學(xué)習如何理解陌生的文化習俗，學(xué)習在與外族人交際時應(yīng)有的言談舉止。

As students progress through a foreign language program, it is expected that they will increase their awareness of the cultural characteristics of the speakers of the language under study.This broadened cultural knowledge may touch on all aspects of culture, the people's way of life as well as the geographic, historical, economic artistic and scientific aspects of the target society.We know that each culture has different etiquette patterns.And therefore, in a foreign language course, students should learn the appropriate etiquette patterns expected of the people living in the country where the target language is spoken.Students should also learn how to interpret unfamiliar cultural conventions and how to act appropriately when communicating with the persons of the foreign culture.改革開放30年來，隨著中國逐漸崛起成為政治經(jīng)濟強國，海外人士學(xué)習漢語的現(xiàn)象與日俱增，海外孔子學(xué)院也成了人們學(xué)習中國語言和中國文化的首選之地。//通過學(xué)習漢語，他們對這個和自己文化大相徑庭的古老文明產(chǎn)生了濃厚的興趣，而且有機會了解中國的哲學(xué)、藝術(shù)、醫(yī)學(xué)、飲食文化，親身體驗這個文明古國的風采。//作為第二文化，中國文化也豐富了他們的生活和世界觀?？梢哉f，這個潮流方興未艾 As china is rising as a political and economic world power, thanks to its three-decade reform and opening up, more and more people in overseas countries start to learn Chinese and turn to a Confucius Institute in their own countries as their first choice for learning Chinese language and Chinese culture.// During the learning process, the learners concurrently develop their interest in this ancient land,whose civilization is so vastly different from theirs.And during the learning progress,the learners have opportunities to learn about Chinese philosophy, art, architecture, medicine and catering culture and experience first-hand the splendors of this venerable civilization.// Meanwhile, Chinese culture has enriched the life and world outlook of the learners.This trend, so to speak, is gathering momentum and is there to stay 越來越多的學(xué)習漢語的美國人除了對中國菜肴贊不絕口之外，也在嘗試針灸，草藥和武術(shù)。//他們也看功夫電影，學(xué)習東方時裝潮流和手工藝，不知不覺的在日常生活中談及中國的點心，人參、銀杏，烏龍茶等。目前在美國最熱門的中國文化是道家學(xué)說和有著神秘色彩的風水學(xué)。

It's interesting to note that apart from their love for Chinese cuisine, more and more American learners of Chinese language are turning to Chinese acupuncture,herbal medicines, martial arts.// They are also interested in kongfu films, fashions and crafts.Seemingly outlandish words such as dimsum, ginseng, gingko, oolong cha have crept into their everyday language.The latest Chinese cultural icons to make its impact there are Taoism,and ancient school of thought, and fengshui, an ancient art of placement.//

在這個經(jīng)濟全球化的時代背景下，大學(xué)將扮演怎樣的角色呢？大學(xué)將如何通過旨在提高生活質(zhì)量、推動經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的創(chuàng)新活動進而推動社會的進步呢？在這個日新月異、充滿變數(shù)的社會，大學(xué)又將如何培養(yǎng)那些善于取精用弘的學(xué)生呢？//今天我演講的重點是大學(xué)創(chuàng)新與研究的作用，因為創(chuàng)新是大學(xué)精神之所在，同時也是經(jīng)濟增長和新技術(shù)產(chǎn)生的主要原因。我們應(yīng)該認識到，本科生教育和研究生教育都與研究緊密相連。我們的教育應(yīng)該為學(xué)生創(chuàng)造一種可以探尋新知識、帶來新發(fā)現(xiàn)的氛圍，將教學(xué)與研究融合在一起的教育可以培養(yǎng)一批活躍在探索前沿、聰穎開放的青年才俊。//一屆又一屆的大學(xué)畢業(yè)生可以向社會傳播發(fā)明創(chuàng)造的知識。

What will the role of universities be in this globalized economy? How will they contribute to improving society through innovation that will improve the quality of life and support economic growth? How will they prepare their graduates who will extract the best and explore the greatest in this increasingly complex society?//Most of my remarks will focus on the roll of innovation and research in the university since that is university spirit ,as well as the primary source of economic growth and new technologies.It is important to remember that undergraduate education and post-graduate education are tightly linked to research.Our education programs should ensure that the students are learning in anatmosphere characterized by the pursuit of new knowledge and process of discovery.An interrelated educational program will create a flow of young, bright and uninhibited minds to work on the frontier of discovery.//The process of graduation will disseminate the knowledge of new discoveries and innovations.大學(xué)最的使根本的使命就是創(chuàng)造新知識，雖然大學(xué)所創(chuàng)造的新只是有時會立即產(chǎn)生實際應(yīng)用價值，但這決不是大學(xué)所追求的唯一目標。將獲取實際應(yīng)用價值的目標定位大學(xué)的主要目標是一種短視行為?；A(chǔ)研究也同樣是大學(xué)的使命，而且大學(xué)在推動基礎(chǔ)研究方面能發(fā)揮獨特的作用。//選對人是確保創(chuàng)新型研究環(huán)境的首要因素，也是最為關(guān)鍵的因素。選人要選三種人： 第一種人是浮想聯(lián)翩的思想家，第二種人是富有革命精神的探索家，第三種人是不受常規(guī)約束的實 干家。// The fundamental mission of a university is the creation of new knowledge which sometimes has immediate practical applications.But that can never be the only goal.And making it a primary goal will frequently be short-sighted.Basic contributions to knowledge should be valued for being exactly that.Our university has an almost unique role in fostering such contribution.//Choosing the right people is the first and perhaps the most crucial step in ensuring an innovative environment.There are three types of people that can be important.The first class of individuals consists of fanciful visionaries.The second class of important people in innovative environment consists of revolutionary explorers.The third class of individuals consists of uninhibited executors.//