第一篇：高考英語(yǔ)單項(xiàng)選擇精品教案-并列句和狀語(yǔ)從句

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專(zhuān)題九 并列句和狀語(yǔ)從句

高考命題聚焦

1．(2011年高考山東卷)He had his camera ready________he saw something that would make a good picture.A．even if

B．if only C．in case

D．so that 解析：句意：他準(zhǔn)備好了相機(jī)，以便他看到好的東西就隨時(shí)拍下來(lái)。even if “即使”，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句； if only“如果??就好了”，引導(dǎo)虛擬條件句；so that 引導(dǎo)目的和結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句，均不符合句意。由句意可知應(yīng)選in case，意為“以防萬(wàn)一”。答案：C 2．(2011年高考天津卷)________regular exercise is very important, it's never a good idea to exercise too close to bedtime.A．If

B．As C．Although

D．Unless 解析：句意：雖然有規(guī)律的鍛煉很重要，但在臨睡覺(jué)前鍛煉卻從來(lái)不是個(gè)好主意。if可引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句，表示“如果”；as 可引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，表示“當(dāng)??時(shí)”，若引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，句子需用倒裝；分析前句“有規(guī)律的鍛煉很重要”和后句“臨睡前鍛煉卻不好”可知，前句為后句的讓步狀語(yǔ)，故選C項(xiàng)，although 表示“雖然”，可引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句；unless 表示“除非”，引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句。答案：C 3．(2011年高考江西卷)Please call my secretary to arrange a meeting this afternoon, or ________ it is convenient to you.A．whenever

B．however C．whichever

D．wherever 解析：句意：請(qǐng)打電話讓我的秘書(shū)安排一個(gè)會(huì)議，在今天下午或是任何你方便的時(shí)候。whenever無(wú)論何時(shí)；however無(wú)論如何；whichever無(wú)論哪一個(gè)；wherever無(wú)論何地。此處or連接的是和this afternoon并列的兩個(gè)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)(從句)，故只有A項(xiàng)正確。答案：A 4．(2011年高考陜西卷)________ all of them are strong candidates, only one will be chosen for the post.A．Since

B．While C．If

D．As 解析：句意：盡管他們都是很有實(shí)力的求職者，但是只有一個(gè)人會(huì)被選中擔(dān)任這一職位。since因?yàn)?，既然；while盡管；if如果；as因?yàn)椤８鶕?jù)句意選while。答案：B 5．(2011年高考福建卷)It was April 29,2011________Prince William and Kate Middleton walked into the palace hall of the wedding ceremony.A．that

B．when C．since

D．before 解析：句意：2011年4月29日，威廉王子與凱特·米德?tīng)栴D步入了婚禮殿堂。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，April 29,2011為定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞，從句缺少時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，故用when引導(dǎo)。此題易誤選A項(xiàng)that，認(rèn)為這是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型“It's/was＋被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分＋that...”的應(yīng)用。若選 that 的話，April 29,2011前要加介詞on。答案：B

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核心考點(diǎn)突破

一、句子的分類(lèi)

二、并列句的基本概念

并列句是由兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上并列而又獨(dú)立的簡(jiǎn)單句構(gòu)成。在并列句中，這些簡(jiǎn)單句常由并列連詞連在一起。并列連詞所連接的簡(jiǎn)單句被稱(chēng)為分句。

三、常見(jiàn)的并列句

1．表遞進(jìn)關(guān)系：用來(lái)表遞進(jìn)關(guān)系的并列連詞有and，not only...but also...，neither...nor...，not...but...等。

(2011年高考山東卷)Find ways to praise your children often，________you'll find they will open their hearts to you.A．till

B．or C．a(chǎn)nd

D．but 句意：如果你能找到一些方法來(lái)經(jīng)常表?yè)P(yáng)你的孩子，你就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)他們會(huì)向你敞開(kāi)心扉。本題所考查的句式為“祈使句＋and/or＋ 陳述句”。本句中前面的祈使句表示條件，后面的陳述句表示條件下的結(jié)果，故用 and 連接；or表示“否則”，與句意不符。

C 2．表選擇關(guān)系：常用的并列連詞有or，either...or...，otherwise等。Either you are right，or I am.要么你對(duì)，要么我對(duì)。Don't drive so fast，or/otherwise you'll have an accident.不要開(kāi)那么快，否則你會(huì)出事的。

3．表轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系：常用的并列連詞有but，yet，whereas，while等。Jane said she was ill，yet I saw her in the street just now.簡(jiǎn)說(shuō)她病了，但剛才我在街上看到了她。

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Some men are rich，while/whereas others are poor.一些人很富有但其他人很貧窮。

4．表因果關(guān)系：常用的并列連詞有so，for。It must have rained last night for it is wet all over.昨晚一定下雨了，到處都這么濕。

The shops were closed so I didn't get any milk.商店都關(guān)門(mén)了，所以我沒(méi)買(mǎi)到牛奶。

5．when還可用作并列連詞，其意義為“那時(shí)，這時(shí)”，相當(dāng)于and at this/that time。常用于下列句式：(1)sb.was doing sth.when...(2)sb.was about to/going to do/on the point of doing sth.when...(3)sb.had just done sth.when...。

We were having a meeting when someone broke in.我們正在開(kāi)會(huì)，這時(shí)突然有人闖了進(jìn)來(lái)。

We were about to set off when it suddenly began to rain.我們正打算動(dòng)身，突然下起了雨。

典例2](2011年高考浙江卷)One Friday, we were packing to leave for a weekend away ________ my daughter heard cries for help.A．a(chǎn)fter

B．while C．since

D．when 句意：一個(gè)周五，我們正在打包裹動(dòng)身去過(guò)周末，就在這時(shí)我女兒聽(tīng)到了呼救聲。表示“正在做某事??就在這時(shí)(突然)??”用be doing sth.when…，所以D項(xiàng)正確。

D 6．while作為并列連詞，意為“而，卻”，表示對(duì)比。He likes pop music，while I am fond of folk music.他喜歡流行音樂(lè)，而我喜歡民間音樂(lè)。

一、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句 1．when，while和as when引導(dǎo)的從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞既可是一個(gè)持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，也可是非持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞；while引導(dǎo)的從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞必須是持續(xù)性的，側(cè)重主句動(dòng)作和從句動(dòng)作相對(duì)比；as引導(dǎo)的從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可以是持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，也可以是非持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，有“隨著”之意，多用于主從句動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生。

2．a(chǎn)s soon as，immediately，directly，the moment，the minute，no sooner...than，hardly/scarcely...when，once等引導(dǎo)的從句都表示從句的動(dòng)作一發(fā)生，主句的動(dòng)作隨即就發(fā)生，常譯為“一??就??”。3．till，until和not(...)until till，until引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞必須是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，主從句都為肯定式，意為“某動(dòng)作一直延續(xù)到某一時(shí)間才停止”。not(...)until引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞必須是非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，從句為肯定式，意為“直到……才……”。not(...)until還可以用于強(qiáng)調(diào)句和倒裝句。4．before和since 若表達(dá)“沒(méi)過(guò)……就，過(guò)了……才”之意時(shí)，須用連詞before，句式為“It was/will be＋時(shí)間段＋before...”；since意為“自從……”，句式為“It is/has been＋時(shí)間段＋since...”。

5．every time，each time，next time，the first time，any time等名詞短語(yǔ)引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，分別表示“每次……，每次……，下次……，第一次……，任何時(shí)候……”。

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Mary made coffee ________her guests were finishing their meal.A．so that

B．a(chǎn)lthough C．while

D．a(chǎn)s if 此處的while表示“當(dāng)??的時(shí)候”，表示兩個(gè)動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生；“瑪麗煮咖啡”和“她的客人吃完飯”這兩個(gè)動(dòng)作是同時(shí)進(jìn)行的，因此要用while。

C

二、讓步狀語(yǔ)從句

1．讓步狀語(yǔ)從句表示盡管有某種不利于主句動(dòng)作發(fā)生的條件存在，主句中的情況依然會(huì)出現(xiàn)。引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句的連詞比較多，常見(jiàn)的有：although，though，while；even if＝even though；no matter＋疑問(wèn)詞＝疑問(wèn)詞＋ever；whether…or...。

although與though兩者意思相近，用法也相近，都可以與yet，still或nevertheless連用，但不能和but連用。2．a(chǎn)s引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句要倒裝

as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，狀語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)及謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的一部分應(yīng)置于as之前。若表語(yǔ)是名詞，前置時(shí)要省略冠詞。

Tim is in good shape physically ________he doesn't get much exercise.A．a(chǎn)s

B．even though C．unless

D．a(chǎn)s long as 句意：盡管Tim鍛煉得不多，但他的身材保持得很好。此處的even though表示讓步，意為“即使”。

B(2011年高考遼寧卷)No matter how________，it is not necessarily lifeless.A．a(chǎn) desert may be dry

B．dry a desert may be C．may a desert be dry

D．dry may a desert be 句意：一個(gè)沙漠無(wú)論多么干旱，也不一定就沒(méi)有生命。how 與形容詞和可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)連用的順序?yàn)椋篽ow＋形容詞＋a(n)＋可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，與其用法一樣的還有so，too等。如：so difficult a question 如此難的一個(gè)問(wèn)題；It's too long a journey to make in one day.旅程太遠(yuǎn)，一天之內(nèi)到不了。故選B。

B

三、條件狀語(yǔ)從句

引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句的連詞有：if，unless(＝if...not)(除非)，so(as)long as(只要)，in case(以防萬(wàn)一)，on condition that(條件是)，supposing(that)(假設(shè))，provided/providing(that)(假如)等。

(2011年高考江蘇卷)It sounds like something is wrong with the car's engine.________，we'd better take it to the garage immediately.A．Otherwise

B．If not C．But for that

D．If so 句意：聽(tīng)起來(lái)好像汽車(chē)的發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)出了故障。如果這樣的話，我們最好馬上把它開(kāi)到維修廠(修理一下)。otherwise否則，要不然； if not如果不是這樣的話；but for that 要不是那樣。以上三項(xiàng)均不符合句意和語(yǔ)境。if so“如果這樣的話”，符合句意和語(yǔ)境。if so 相當(dāng)于 if something is wrong with the car's engine。

D(2011年高考湖南卷)Jack wasn't saying anything，but the teacher smiled at him________he had done something very clever.第 4頁(yè)

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A．a(chǎn)s if

B．in case C．while

D．though 句意：杰克什么也沒(méi)說(shuō)，但是老師朝著他笑，就好像他做了非常明智的事情一樣。

as if 好像；in case以防萬(wàn)一；while當(dāng)??時(shí)候，而，卻；though盡管。由句意可知應(yīng)選A項(xiàng)。

A

四、地點(diǎn)、原因狀語(yǔ)從句 1．地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句

地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句是表示主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作發(fā)生的地點(diǎn)的狀語(yǔ)從句，引導(dǎo)詞有where，wherever，anywhere，everywhere等。2．原因狀語(yǔ)從句

引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句的連詞有：because，as，since，now(that)，for，seeing(that)，considering that等，每個(gè)連詞的含義不盡相同。

Today，we will begin________we stopped yesterday so that no point will be left out.A．when

B．where C．how

D．what 句意：今天我們從昨天我們停止的地方開(kāi)始，以便我們不遺漏任何一點(diǎn)。where引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句。

B

五、目的、結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句

1．引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)從句的連詞有：so that，in order that，for fear(that)，in case，lest等。

Leave your key with a neighbor ________you lock yourself out one day.A．ever since

B．even if C．soon after

D．in case in case引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)從句，意為“以防萬(wàn)一”，符合題意。ever since引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，意思是“自從”；even if引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，意思是“即使”。

D

五、目的、結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句

1．引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)從句的連詞有：so that，in order that，for fear(that)，in case，lest等。

Leave your key with a neighbor ________you lock yourself out one day.A．ever since

B．even if C．soon after

D．in case in case引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)從句，意為“以防萬(wàn)一”，符合題意。ever since引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，意思是“自從”；even if引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，意思是“即使”。

D She had a tense expression on her face，________she was expecting trouble.A．even though

B．a(chǎn)s though C．so that

D．now that 題意：她表情緊張，好像預(yù)料到麻煩要來(lái)。as if/though引導(dǎo)方式狀語(yǔ)從句，意為“好像”。而even though引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，意為“即使”。

B 高考秘笈

狀語(yǔ)從句的易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)

________you may have，you should gather your courage to face the challenge.A．However a serious problem

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B．What a serious problem C．However serious a problem D．What serious a problem

C 該句意“無(wú)論你有多么嚴(yán)重的問(wèn)題，你都應(yīng)該鼓起勇氣面對(duì)挑戰(zhàn)”，由此可知，應(yīng)由however引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，語(yǔ)序?yàn)椤癶owever＋形容詞＋a(n)＋單數(shù)名詞”。如果對(duì)however的詞性不明確，會(huì)導(dǎo)致誤選A項(xiàng)。

考查狀語(yǔ)從句的題目，應(yīng)著重考慮以下幾點(diǎn)。

1．要根據(jù)前后句的邏輯關(guān)系判斷是哪一種狀語(yǔ)從句。2．注意when/while/as引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)的異同。3．注意區(qū)別until和till的不同用法。

4．一些名詞短語(yǔ)和副詞以及一些固定句式都可以表示“一……就……”的意思。5．注意because/as/since/now that等引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)異同。

6．a(chǎn)lthough與though可以引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，不能與but連用，但可以與yet連用。7．no matter who/what/where/how等可引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，相當(dāng)于whoever/whatever/wherever/however等。但whoever/whatever/ whichever還可引導(dǎo)名詞性從句。

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第二篇：并列句和狀語(yǔ)從句

1.Mary made coffee____ her guests were finishing their meal.A.so that

B.although

C.while

D.as if 2.The little boy won’t go to sleep ____ his mother tells him a story.A.or

B.unless

C.but

D.whether

3.The school rules state that no child shall be allowed out of the school during the day, ______ accompanied by an adult.A.once

B.when

C.if

D.unless 4.______ you may have, you should gather your courage to face the challenge.A.However to face the challenge

B.What a serious problem C.However serious a problem

D.What serious a problem

5._______ our manager objects to Tom’s joining the club, we shall accept his as a member.A.Until

B.Unless

C.If

D.After

6.______ they decide which college to go to, students should research the admission procedures.A.As

B.While

C.Until

D.Once 7.John thinks it won’t be long ____ he is ready for his new job.A.when

B.after

C.before

D.since 8.---Our holiday cost a lot of money.---Did it? Well, that doesn’t matter ______ you enjoyed yourselves.A.as long as

B.unless

C.as soon as

D.though

9.The girl had hardly rung the bell ______ the door was opened suddenly, and her friend rushed out to greet her.A.before

B.until

C.as

D.since

10.The engineers are so busy that they have zero time for outdoor sports activities, _______ they have the interest.A.wherever

B.whenever

C.even if

D.as if

11.Just use this room for the time being, and we’ll offer you a large one _____ it becomes available.A.as soon as

B.unless

C.as far as

D.until

12.The old man asked Lucy to move to another chair ________ he wanted to sit next to his wife.A.although

B.unless

C.because

D.if 13.Tom was about to close the window ________ his attention was caught by a bird.A.when

B.if

C.and

D.till 14.Tim is in good shape physically _______ he doesn’t get much exercise.A.if

B.even though

C.unless

D.as long as

15.Because of the heavy traffic, it was already time for lunch break _____ she got to her office.A.since

B.that

C.when

D.until

16.Today, we will begin ________ we stopped yesterday so that no point will be left out.A.when

B.where

C.how

D.what 練習(xí)二

1._______ well prepared a gymnast is, he still needs a lot of luck in performing.A.Whatever

B.Although

C.No matter

D.However

2._______ the activities might seem childish, in reality they require a lot of strength and determination.A.When

B.As

C.While

D.Once 3.Too high house prices can be brought under control, ______ the authorities introduce a series of regulatory policies.A.even if

B.as if

C.so that

D.provided that

4.A small car is big enough for a family of three ______ you need more space for baggage.A.once

B.because

C.if

D.unless 5.It is morning _____ we have four classes, not afternoon.A.when

B.which

C.that

D.why 6.How can you keep fit ______ you smoke so much? A.as

B.while

C.when

D.for

7.It’s really dangerous to work on the roof.______ , you should take care of yourself.A.Therefore

B.However

C.Otherwise

D.Yet

8.I’m not sure whether I will have anything else to do tomorrow.______ , I will try every possible means to come to the party.A.Even though

B.Anyhow

C.If so

D.Instead

9.The police helicopter managed to land on the roof and rescued all the people _______ the fire burnt up to the top of the building.A.after

B.before

C.until

D.while

10._____ the Customs Office, he will have to declare this sort of things he carries with him to the customs officer.A.No matter who will come through

B.Who comes through C.No matter whom comes through

D.Whoever comes through 11.Your article must be sent by e-mail _____ it can meet the deadline.A.or else

B.so that

C.in case

D.for fear 12.You can imagine ________ one feels ______ everybody dislikes him.A.when, if

B.if, when

C.if, how

D.how, if 13.Why not stay at home _______ the road is so slippery after the heavy snow? A.since that

B.after that

C.then that

D.now that

14.I have heard these sons and daughters say they never fully appreciated their mothers ______ it was too late to tell them.A.as

B.that

C.until

D.when 15._________ , I could not memorize the test.A.However hard did I try

B.However hard I tried

C.However I tried hard

D.However I had tried hard

16.I don’t think Maria will be disappointed at the news, but I will see her _______ she is.A． as if

B.so that

C.in case

D.even though

17.During the reconstruction of the city, many modern tall buildings went up ____ old shabby houses were torn down.A.where

B.in what

C.in which

D.which

18.Many people cannot learn any lessons from the mistakes ________ they get hurt somehow.A.whether

B.unless

C.if

D.when 練習(xí)三

1.---What should we do since we can’t make a compromise after lengthy talks?---_______ you apologize and take back what you’ve said _____ it is all over between us.A.Not only, but also

B.Either, or

C.Neither, nor

D.Whether, or 2.---Some Chinese students find it difficult to understand native speakers when in London.---Exactly, _______ they’re learned a lot about grammar and known many words.A.if only

B.now that

C.as if

D.even if

3.It was on my way home _____ my father made the promise ______ I can do well in next exam he will buy me whatever I want.A.that, that

B.where, that if

C.that, if

D.that, that if

4.Napoleon’s story proves that to be a hero has nothing to do with size, with a smart mind and a brave heart.A.and

B.so

C.or

D.but 5.---My son is addicted to drugs.He isn’t hopeless, is he?

---Yes, _______ he mends his ways and starts all over.A.if

B.when

C.even if

D.unless 6.---When shall we go planting trees in the hill?

---______ it begins to rain, so they don’t need watering.A.Not until

B.While

C.Till

D.Unless

7.You can’t complain of being lonely ____ you don’t make any effort to communicate with others.A.when

B.until

C.unless

D.once 8.---Did Jack come back early last night?

---Yes.It was not eight o’clock _____ he arrived home.A.before

B.that

C.when

D.until 9.______ I have some sympathy for them, I don’t think they are right to do so.A.As

B.If

C.While

D.When

10.He is a nice listener, ______ he feels the time is right he will give you his thoughts.A.until

B.after which

C.if

D.and when 11.His children are well-behaved, _____ those of this sister’s are very naughty.A.and

B.whereas

C.thus

D.so

12.We missed our train, and _______ the next train was delayed, ______ we had to wait for two hours.A.on top of that, so B.as a result, then

C.what was worse, however

D.because, therefore 13.How long do you think _____ the computer company launches a new model? A.it will be before

B.will it be until

C.will it when

D.it will be that

14.Many people believe we are heading for environmental disaster ______ we basically change the way we live.A.but

B.although

C.unless

D.once 15.If I were rich, I should help them out.______ , I can do nothing.A.As is often the case

B.As is it

C.As the case is often

D.As it is 16.Young ______ he is, he knows a great deal about advanced technology.A.as

B.although

C.so

D.yet 17.Stop making so much noise _______ my neighbor will start complaining.A.or else

B.but still

C.and then

D.so that

18.You can’t attend the party tonight because it is stormy.____, you still haven’t got over your high fever.A.Therefore

B.however

C.Moreover

D.Thus 19.How long do you suppose it is _______ he arrived there ? A.when

B.before

C.after

D.since

20.This study shows that _____ languages may differ;the order in which young kids learn the parts of speech appears to be the same across different languages.A.since

B.so

C.while

D.but 參考答案：

一．1—5CBDCB 6—10 DCAAC 11—16 ACABCB 二．1—5 DCDDA

6—10 CABBD 11—15 BDDCB

16—18 CAB 三． 1---5 BDDDD

6—10 AACCD 11—15 BAACD 16—20 AACDC

第三篇：英語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)從句

（三）狀語(yǔ)從句

（一）時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句

例題 I didn’t manage to do it _____ you had explained how.A.unlessB.untilC.whenD.since 分析 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句在復(fù)合句中作狀語(yǔ)，表示主句動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間。引導(dǎo)這種從句的詞有after, before, as, when, while , till , until, since, once;連接副詞immediately 等；起連接作用的短語(yǔ)as soon as, by the 不能用形容詞such.例如：

● Soon there were so many deer that they ate up all the wild roses.4.so+ adj.(adv.)+that+從句●The boy is so old that he can go to school.5.so + adj.+ a(an)+單數(shù)名詞

●He is so good a student that we all like him.time, hardly…when, no sooner…than等。例如： ● I was writing a letter when he came in.● She did not go to bet until she(had)finished her homework.● It is nearly six years since we began to learn English.● Once you begin, you must go on.● By the time I arrived at the station, the train had left.時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)用法，應(yīng)注意下面兩點(diǎn)： 1． 要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)替代一般將來(lái)時(shí)，例如： ● I’ll let him know when he comes.2.要用一般過(guò)去時(shí)替代過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)，例如： ●He said he would wait here until I came back.例題的意思是：“直到你說(shuō)明怎么辦之后，我才設(shè)法把這件事做好。”根據(jù)題意，須由until 引導(dǎo)此例的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，所以正確答案應(yīng)為B。

（二）地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句

例題 When you read the book , you’d better make a mark _____ you have any questions.A.at whichB.at whereC.the place whereD.where

分析 地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句在復(fù)合句中作狀語(yǔ)，表示主句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生的處所或方向，這種從句通常用連接副詞where，wherever(無(wú)論在哪里，無(wú)論到哪里)引導(dǎo)。例如： ● Where there is oppression, there is struggle.例題的意思是：“你看書(shū)時(shí)，最好在有問(wèn)題的地方做一個(gè)記號(hào)。”此復(fù)合句中的從句是個(gè)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句，須用連接副詞where 引導(dǎo)，所以正確答案應(yīng)為D。

（三）結(jié)果（程度）狀語(yǔ)從句

例題 She told us _____story that we all forgot about the time.A.such an interestingB.such interesting aC.so an interestingD.a so interesting

分析 結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句在復(fù)合句中作狀語(yǔ)，表示主句的動(dòng)作所引起的結(jié)果。這種從句由such…that, so…that, so that等引導(dǎo)。其用法舉例如下： 1． Such +a(an)+(adj.)+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞+ that+從句

● He left in such a hurry that he forgot to lock the door.2.such+(adj.)+復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞+從句

●He had such long arms that he could almost touch the ceiling.3.such+(adj.)+不可數(shù)名詞+that+從句

●He made such rapid progress that he did very well in the mid-term exam.在“such+ adj.+ n.+that+ clause”這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)中，其中名詞由many, much, few, little 修飾時(shí)，須用副詞so,例題中的結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句由“such+ an + adj.+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞+that”引導(dǎo)。屬于第一種情況，所以正確答案應(yīng)為A。

（四）目的狀語(yǔ)從句

例題 I hurried____ I wouldn’t be late for class.A.sinceB.so thatC.as ifD.unless 分析 目的狀語(yǔ)從句在復(fù)合句中作狀語(yǔ)，表示主句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生的目的。這種從句用連詞so that, in order that 等引導(dǎo)。目的狀語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞中常有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞may/might, can/ could, will/ would 和should.例如：

● He is working hard so that he may pass his examination.例題中有一個(gè)目的狀語(yǔ)從句，所以正確答案應(yīng)為D。

（五）條件狀語(yǔ)從句

例題_____he comes, we won’t be able to go.A.WithoutB.UnlessC.ExceptD.Even 分析 條件狀語(yǔ)從句在復(fù)合句中作狀語(yǔ)，表示主句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生的條件、假定等。條件狀語(yǔ)從句通常由連詞if, unless和起連接作用的短語(yǔ)so/ as long as(只要)，so far as(就…)，suppose(that)(假定)等引導(dǎo)。例如：

● If it rains tomorrow, we’ll stay at home.● He will not come unless he is invited.● Suppose he is absent, what shall we do?

● As long as we don’t lose heart , we’ll find a way to overcome the difficulty.例題的選項(xiàng)中只有unless 可以引導(dǎo)一個(gè)條件狀語(yǔ)從句，所以正確答案應(yīng)為B。

（六）讓步狀語(yǔ)從句

例題 _____, he doesn’t study well.A.As he is cleverB.He is as cleverC.Clever as he isD.As clever he is

分析 讓步狀語(yǔ)從句在復(fù)合句中作狀語(yǔ)，表示某種不利的情況或障礙，但這些因素并不能阻止主句的動(dòng)作的發(fā)生。這種從句通常用連詞although, though, as, however等；連接代詞whatever, whoever等；起連接作用的短語(yǔ)even if though, no matter how what who 等引導(dǎo)。例如： ● Although/ Though the task was difficult, they managed to complete it in time.● Young as he is, he knows a lot.用as 引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，常用倒裝語(yǔ)序，如上面例句所示?！?Nobody believed him no matter what / whatever he said.● He will never succeed.however/no matter how hard he tries.● Even if/ though an icy wind blew from the north, we always slept with our windows open.例題中有一個(gè)as 引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，故從句中的表語(yǔ)clever 須放到as 前面去，所以正確答案應(yīng)為C。

第四篇：狀語(yǔ)從句教案

高一英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法教案

高一英語(yǔ)【北師大版】必修一語(yǔ)法 【一】分詞作狀語(yǔ)的區(qū)別

（1）現(xiàn)在分詞與過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)的區(qū)別。

現(xiàn)在分詞做狀語(yǔ)與過(guò)去分詞做狀語(yǔ)的最主要區(qū)別在于兩者與所修飾的主語(yǔ)的主動(dòng)與被動(dòng)關(guān)系的區(qū)別。

1）現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，現(xiàn)在分詞的動(dòng)作就是句子主語(yǔ)的動(dòng)作，它們之間的關(guān)系是主動(dòng)關(guān)系。He went out，shutting the door behind him.他出去后將門(mén)隨手關(guān)上。

Not knowing what to do, he went to his parents for help.由于不知如何辦是好，他去找父母幫忙。

2）過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，過(guò)去分詞表示的動(dòng)作是句子主語(yǔ)承受的動(dòng)作，它們之間的關(guān)系是被動(dòng)關(guān)系。

Given more attention, the trees could have grown better.如果對(duì)這些樹(shù)多關(guān)心一些，它們本來(lái)會(huì)長(zhǎng)得更好。

Faced with difficulties, we must try to overcome them.在遇到困難的時(shí)候，我們必須設(shè)法克服。Caught in a heavy rain, he was all wet.Given more encouragement, the boy could have behaved better 2)分詞作狀語(yǔ)放在句子開(kāi)頭，除表示原因之外有時(shí)表示時(shí)間或條件。動(dòng)詞不定式作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，除了表示目的以外，還表示結(jié)果或原因。

Reading attentively，he forgot the time for lunch．由于在專(zhuān)心讀書(shū)，他忘了吃午飯的時(shí)間。(原因)Reading carefully，he found something he had not known before．他仔細(xì)讀書(shū)時(shí)，發(fā)現(xiàn)了一些從前不知道的東西。(時(shí)間)Reading carefully，you'll learn something new．只要你仔細(xì)閱讀，你會(huì)學(xué)到一些新的東西。(條件)作賓補(bǔ)時(shí)，如果動(dòng)詞和賓語(yǔ)之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，用現(xiàn)在分詞； 如果是被動(dòng)關(guān)系或者表示狀態(tài)，用過(guò)去分詞

we left him crying outside the gate.we found his hands tied behind his back.we found the world outside changed.狀態(tài)

用過(guò)去分詞還是現(xiàn)在分詞做定語(yǔ)的判斷關(guān)鍵：名詞與該動(dòng)作的關(guān)系 【二】分詞作定語(yǔ)的區(qū)別 1.現(xiàn)在分詞做定語(yǔ)：

從功能上看，現(xiàn)在分詞做定語(yǔ)表示 1）主動(dòng)（及物）；2）進(jìn)行（不及物）。做定語(yǔ)：相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句(主動(dòng))

Do you know the boy standing at the door?

à Do you know the boy who is standing at the door?

A developing country needs aids.àA country that/which is developing needs aids.They lived in a house facing the south àThey lived in a house that faced the south.The man wearing a red tie is our head.àThe man who wears a red tie(戴紅領(lǐng)帶)is our head.The workers working in the factory are well-paid.àThe workers who are working in the factory are well-paid.在這家工廠工作的工人報(bào)酬很好 2．過(guò)去分詞做定語(yǔ)

從功能上看，過(guò)去分詞做定語(yǔ)表示1）被動(dòng)（及物）；2）完成（不及物）。做定語(yǔ)：相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句（被動(dòng)），有時(shí)侯也表示完成的 The broken window was repaired this morning.The window broken yesterday was….àThe window that/which was broken yesterday was…..昨天被打破的玻璃今早被修好了

The sold hamburgers are not to my taste.The hamburgers sold in this chain are not to…..這家連鎖店賣(mài)的漢堡不適合我的口味 The hamburgers that/which are sold in this chain are not to….The arrived guests will be led in.（此過(guò)去分詞表示完成）The guests arrived just now will….剛到的客人將會(huì)被帶進(jìn)來(lái) The guests who arrived just now will be….The book that was written by Wang sells well.àThe book written by Wang sells well.The tie that is worn by our head is made in Shanghai.àThe tie worn by our head is made in SH The shoes(that were)made in a small factory are of bad quality.小廠產(chǎn)的鞋子質(zhì)量差

反之，一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句可以轉(zhuǎn)化為分詞做定語(yǔ)的結(jié)構(gòu)

The man I introduced to you yesterday had just returned from Japan.The man introduced to you by me yesterday had just…昨天我給你介紹的那人剛從日本回來(lái)

He is a man who is loved by all.à He is a man loved by all.他是個(gè)大家所熱愛(ài)的人 The leaves that have fallen are collected by the cleaners.àThe fallen leaves are collected…

That letter I received last week was from Li.à The letter received last week was from Li.【三】狀語(yǔ)從句的省略

一般說(shuō)來(lái)省略現(xiàn)象多出現(xiàn)在下列五種狀語(yǔ)從句中：由 when ,while ,as ,before, after , till, until, once等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句；由whether ,if , unless 等引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句；由 though , although ,even if ,whatever等引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句；由 as ,than 等引導(dǎo)的比較狀語(yǔ)從句；由as, as if , as though 等引導(dǎo)的方式狀語(yǔ)從句。上述狀語(yǔ)從句在省略時(shí)，并非任何成分都可以省略而是遵循下面原則：

（1）當(dāng)狀語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)與主句的主語(yǔ)一致時(shí)且從句中含有BE動(dòng)詞的某種形式時(shí)，可以省略狀語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)和系動(dòng)詞be，這時(shí)從句中可出現(xiàn)如下結(jié)構(gòu)：

① 連詞（as, as if , once）+ 名詞

如：Once(he was)a worker ,Pang Long now becomes a famous singer.龐龍?jiān)?jīng)是個(gè)工人，現(xiàn)在變成一位著名的歌手。

②連詞（though, whether , when）+形容詞

如：Work hard when(you are)young ,or you'll regret.趁年輕要努力學(xué)習(xí)，要不然你會(huì)后悔的。

③連詞(whether, as if ,while)+介詞短語(yǔ)

如：He looked everywhere as if(he was)in search of something.他到處看似乎在找什么東西。

④連詞(when , while , though)+ 現(xiàn)在分詞

如：While(he was)holding talks with President Hu Jintao , US President George W.Bush thanked China for its important role in the Six-Party Talks.美國(guó)總統(tǒng)布什在與胡錦濤主席會(huì)談時(shí)，感謝中國(guó)在六方會(huì)談中起的重要作用。

⑤ 連詞(when ,if ,even if ,unless ,once ,until, than , as)+ 過(guò)去分詞

如：The exhibition is more interesting than(it was)expected.這次展覽比被預(yù)料的有趣的多

⑥ 連詞(as if ,as though)+ 不定式

如：Olympic gold medallist hurdler Liu Xiang opened his lips as if(he were)to speak.奧林匹克金牌獲得者跨欄運(yùn)動(dòng)員劉翔張開(kāi)嘴好象要說(shuō)什么。

（2）當(dāng)從句的主語(yǔ)與主句的主語(yǔ)不一致，但從句主語(yǔ)是 it，從句中又含有系動(dòng)詞be 的某種形式時(shí)，可以把it和系動(dòng)詞be一起省略。如：Unless(it is)necessary ,you'd better not refer to the dictionary.如果沒(méi)有必要，你最好不要查字典。

各種狀語(yǔ)從句的省略現(xiàn)象列舉如下：

一、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中的省略

When(she was)very young, she began to learn to play the piano.她很小時(shí)，就開(kāi)始學(xué)習(xí)彈鋼琴。

While(I was)at college, I began to know him, a strange but able student.我在上大學(xué)時(shí)就開(kāi)始認(rèn)識(shí)他，一個(gè)奇怪但有能力的學(xué)生。

When arriving, send me a telegram.(When you arrive, send me a telegram.)到達(dá)之后，來(lái)個(gè)電報(bào)。

Before leaving, turn off all the lights.(Before you leave, turn off all the lights.)走之前，請(qǐng)關(guān)閉所有的燈。

Don’t come in until(you are)asked to.不叫你請(qǐng)你不要進(jìn)來(lái)。

Whenever(it is)possible, you should come and help.不管什么時(shí)候只要有可能就來(lái)幫忙。

You should let us know the result as soon as(it is)possible.你應(yīng)盡快讓我們知道結(jié)果。

注：as在引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，沒(méi)有這種省略現(xiàn)象。我們不可說(shuō)As walking, she found a nice shining thing on the ground.二、地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句中的省略

地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句的省略常用下列結(jié)構(gòu)：where(ver)possible, where(ver)necessary，Lay these books where possible you can find them easily.把這些書(shū)放在你可能容易找到的地方。

Put in articles wherever necessary in the following passages.在下列文章中需要的地方填入冠詞。

三、條件狀語(yǔ)從句中的省略

常用的句型是：if necessary, if possible, if true, if anyone等。如：

Send the goods now if(they are)ready.貨物如果準(zhǔn)備好了，請(qǐng)送過(guò)來(lái)。

He will come if(he is)asked.如果叫他來(lái)，他就來(lái)。

If(it is)necessary, ring me at home.如果有可能，朝我家里打電話。

Come along with me if(it is)possible.如果有可能和我一起去吧.。

If(it is)true, this will casue us a lot of trouble.如果是真的，這會(huì)給我們帶來(lái)很多麻煩。

There are few people nowadays, if(there are)any, who remember him.很少有人能記起他。

You should stay where you are, unless(you are)asked to leave.你應(yīng)呆在你現(xiàn)在的地方不動(dòng)，除非叫你動(dòng)。

四、讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中的省略

He is a good man, though sometimes(he is)rather dull.他真是個(gè)好人，盡管有時(shí)有點(diǎn)無(wú)聊。

Even if(I am)invited to, I won’t go to such a bad lecture.即使邀我去，我都不想聽(tīng)如此壞的報(bào)告。

五、比較狀語(yǔ)從句中的省略

She can play the piano just as wonderfully as you(do).她鋼琴?gòu)椀奈夷銖椀囊粯雍谩?/p>

She has finished the work earlier than(it has been)expected.【四】with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)

with結(jié)構(gòu)是許多英語(yǔ)復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)中最常用的一種。學(xué)好它對(duì)學(xué)好復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)、不定式復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)、動(dòng)名詞復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)和獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)均能起很重

要的作用。本文就此的構(gòu)成、特點(diǎn)及用法等作一較全面闡述,以幫助同學(xué)們掌握這一重要的語(yǔ)法知識(shí)。

一、with結(jié)構(gòu)的構(gòu)成 它是由介詞with或without+復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)成,復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作介詞with或without的復(fù)合賓語(yǔ),復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)中第一部分賓語(yǔ)由名詞或代詞充當(dāng),第二

部分補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)由形容詞、副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)、動(dòng)詞不定式或分詞充當(dāng),分詞可以是現(xiàn)在分詞,也可以是過(guò)去分詞。With結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)成方式如下： 1.with或without-名詞/代詞+形容詞； 2.with或without-名詞/代詞+副詞； 3.with或without-名詞/代詞+介詞短語(yǔ)； 4.with或without-名詞/代詞 +動(dòng)詞不定式； 5.with或without-名詞/代詞 +分詞。下面分別舉例：

1、She came into the room,with her nose red because of cold.(with+名詞+形容詞,作伴隨狀語(yǔ))

2、With the meal over , we all went home.(with+名詞+副詞,作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ))

3、The master was walking up and down with the ruler under his arm。(with+名詞+介詞短語(yǔ),作伴隨狀語(yǔ)。)The teacher entered the classroom with a book in his hand.4、He lay in the dark empty house,with not a man ,woman or child to say he was kind to me.(with+名詞+不定式,作伴隨狀語(yǔ))He could not finish it without me to help him.(without+代詞 +不定式,作條件狀語(yǔ))

5、She fell asleep with the light burning.(with+名詞+現(xiàn)在分詞 ,作伴隨狀語(yǔ))Without anything left in the cupboard, shewent out to get something to eat.(without+代詞+過(guò)去分詞,作為原因狀語(yǔ))

二、with結(jié)構(gòu)的用法

在句子中with結(jié)構(gòu)多數(shù)充當(dāng)狀語(yǔ),表示行為方式,伴隨情況、時(shí)間、原因或條件(詳見(jiàn)上述例句)。

With結(jié)構(gòu)在句中也可以作定語(yǔ)。例如： 1.I like eating the mooncakes with eggs.2.From space the earth looks like a huge water-covered globe with a few patches of land sticking out above the water.3.A little boy with two of his front teeth missing ran into the house.三、with結(jié)構(gòu)的特點(diǎn)

1.with結(jié)構(gòu)由介詞with或without+復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)成。復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)中第一部分與第二部分語(yǔ)法上是賓語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)關(guān)系,而在邏輯上,卻具有主謂關(guān)系,也就是說(shuō),可以用第一部分作主語(yǔ),第二部分作謂語(yǔ),構(gòu)成一個(gè)句子。例如： With him taken care of,we felt quite relieved.(欣慰)→(He was taken good care of.)She fell asleep with the light burning.→(The light was burning.)With her hair gone,there could be no use for them.→(Her hair was gone.)2.在with結(jié)構(gòu)中,第一部分為人稱(chēng)代詞時(shí),則該用賓格代詞。例如： He could not finish it without me to help him.四、幾點(diǎn)說(shuō)明：

1.with結(jié)構(gòu)在句子中的位置： with 結(jié)構(gòu)在句中作狀語(yǔ),表示時(shí)間、條件、原因時(shí)一般放在句子前面,并用逗號(hào)與句子分開(kāi)；表示方式和伴隨狀況時(shí)一般放在句子后面,不用逗號(hào)分開(kāi)。若with結(jié)構(gòu)作定語(yǔ),則放在所修飾的名詞之后,一般不用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)。

2.with結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語(yǔ)時(shí),不定式、現(xiàn)在分詞、和過(guò)去分詞的區(qū)別： 在with結(jié)構(gòu)中,不定式、現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補(bǔ),表示主動(dòng),但是不定式表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,而現(xiàn)在分詞表示正在發(fā)生或發(fā)生了的動(dòng)作；過(guò)去分詞表示被動(dòng)或完成。

例如： With the boy leading the way,we found he house easily.(小男孩已領(lǐng)過(guò)路)With the boy to lead the way,we will find the house easily tomorrow.(小男孩明天將領(lǐng)路)He lay on the bed with the bedroom door shut.(寢室被關(guān)著)3.with結(jié)構(gòu)與一般的with短語(yǔ)的區(qū)別： with結(jié)構(gòu)具有上述功能和特點(diǎn),而“介詞with+名詞或代詞(組)”組成的一般的with短語(yǔ)在句子中可以作定語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)。作狀語(yǔ)時(shí),它能表示動(dòng)作的方式、原因,但不能表示時(shí)間、伴隨和條件。在一般的with短語(yǔ)中,with后面所跟的不是復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu),也根本沒(méi)有邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系。

4.with結(jié)構(gòu)與獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的關(guān)系： with結(jié)構(gòu)屬于獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu),但在結(jié)構(gòu)上,with結(jié)構(gòu)由介詞with或without引導(dǎo),名詞前有冠詞、形容詞、所有格代詞或其它詞類(lèi)所修飾,結(jié)構(gòu)較松散；而獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)沒(méi)有with或without引導(dǎo),結(jié)構(gòu)嚴(yán)密,名詞前可用可不用修飾語(yǔ)。在句法功能上,with結(jié)構(gòu)可以作定語(yǔ),獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)則不能；獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)通常在句中作狀語(yǔ),但也可以作主語(yǔ),而with結(jié)構(gòu)則不能。

獨(dú)立主格在口語(yǔ)中不常用,往往由一個(gè)從句代替,而with結(jié)構(gòu)較口語(yǔ)化,較常用。例如： There were rows of white houses with trees in front of them.(“with+復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu),在句中作定語(yǔ))A strong man working a whole day could not jump this high.(名詞+現(xiàn)在分詞構(gòu)成的獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu),作主語(yǔ))The boy said,turning to the man,his eyes opened wide and his hand raised.(獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu),表示伴隨狀況或行為方式,作狀語(yǔ))Then last night,I followed him here,and climbed in,sword in hand.(名詞+介詞短語(yǔ)構(gòu)成的獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu),作狀語(yǔ),表示伴隨情況)board, she went out to get something to eat.(without+代詞+過(guò)去分詞,作為原因狀語(yǔ))1.John received an invitation to dinner, and with his work _______, he gladly accepted it.（2007 安徽）A.finished B.finishing C.having finished D.was finished 2.----Come on, please give me some ideas about the project.----Sorry.With so much work _______ my mind, I almost break down.(2007 福建)A.filled B.filling C.to fill D.being filled 3.I couldn’t do my homework with all that noise _______.（2005 北京）A.going on B.goes on C.went on D.to go on 4.________ two exams to worry about, I have to work really hard this weekend.(2004 北京)A.With B.Besides C.As for D/ Because of 5.It was a pity that the great writer died _______ his works unfinished.(2004 福建)A.for B.with C.from D.of 6.The young woman _______ a baby sleeping in her arms was wandering in the street.A.with B.because C.on D.like 7.Everyone should go to sleep with the light turned off.A.as B.with C.for D.on 8._______ so many homework to do, Mary won’t have time to play with her friends this morning.A.Without B.With C.By D.Because 9._______ the door open, the noise of the machines is almost deafening.A.Because B.As C.With D.Because of 10._______ his mother out, he had to stay at home alone.A.As B.For C.Because D.With 11._______ all things considered, her proposal is of greater than his A.Like B.With C.On D.Without 12._______ time permitting, we will visit the Summer Palace.A.By B.On C.With D.As 參考答案：1-5ABAAB 6-12ABBCDBC 文 章來(lái)源

第五篇：狀語(yǔ)從句教案

狀語(yǔ)從句 聯(lián)系鏈： 1。引導(dǎo)詞的角度

（1）可以同時(shí)用于名詞性從句和狀語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞：when , whatever , that , where(2)可以同時(shí)用于形容詞性從句和狀語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞：as , that , where , when 2.功能的角度

（1）狀語(yǔ)從句具有副詞的功能

（2）定語(yǔ)從句具有形容詞的功能

（3）名詞性從句具有名詞的功能 3.從句所作成分的角度

（1）名詞性從句充當(dāng)：主語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)，表語(yǔ)，同位語(yǔ)

（2）形容詞性從句充當(dāng)：定語(yǔ)

（3）副詞性從句充當(dāng)：狀語(yǔ) 4.句子結(jié)構(gòu)的角度

(1)狀語(yǔ)從句和名詞性從句成分完整(2)定語(yǔ)從句成分不完整 5。語(yǔ)序角度

狀語(yǔ)從句

倒裝

特殊句式 6。連詞角度

主從句的邏輯關(guān)系

兩個(gè)句子的關(guān)系

并列句 知識(shí)鏈

1。狀語(yǔ)從句

時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句

地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句

原因狀語(yǔ)從句

目的狀語(yǔ)從句

條件狀語(yǔ)從句

結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句

讓步狀語(yǔ)從句

比較狀語(yǔ)從句

方式狀語(yǔ)從句 2。功能角度

在整個(gè)主從句中作狀語(yǔ) 3。從句關(guān)系角度

主從句中的主謂不一致

4。主從句位置角度

可前可后 5。語(yǔ)境角度

主從句邏輯關(guān)系

選擇連詞

部分連詞引起的倒裝 6。時(shí)態(tài)的角度

時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句和條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，主句用將來(lái)時(shí)，從句一般用現(xiàn)在時(shí) 模型鏈 狀語(yǔ)從句

定義：在復(fù)合句中由從句表示的狀語(yǔ)稱(chēng)作狀語(yǔ)從句，它可以用來(lái)修飾謂語(yǔ)（包括非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞）、定語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)，或是整個(gè)句子。狀語(yǔ)從句通常由一個(gè)連詞引起，也可以由一個(gè)起連詞作用的詞組引起，有時(shí)甚至不需要連詞直接和主句連接起來(lái)。狀語(yǔ)從句一般分為九大類(lèi)（見(jiàn)下表）1．時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句：

在時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中，要注意時(shí)態(tài)一致，一般情況下主句是將來(lái)時(shí)的時(shí)候，從句要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)?？梢砸龑?dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的連詞很多，根據(jù)意義和主從句之間的時(shí)間關(guān)系，又可分類(lèi)如下：

(1)表示同時(shí)性，即主從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生或幾乎同時(shí)發(fā)生。其連詞有：when（當(dāng)……的時(shí)候）, while（當(dāng)……的時(shí)候）, as（當(dāng)……的時(shí)候）, as soon as（一……就……）, once（一旦……）等。如： Strike while the iron is hot.趁熱打鐵。

While I am washing the floor, you can be cleaning the windows.（while含有對(duì)比的意思）我洗地板的時(shí)候，你可以擦窗戶(hù)。

As / When I came home, I met an old schoolmate of mine.我回家的時(shí)候遇到了我的一位老同學(xué)。I’ll ring you up as soon as I get an answer from him.我一有他的答復(fù)就給你打電話。Once you see him, you will never forget him.你一旦見(jiàn)過(guò)他，就不會(huì)忘了他的。

(2)表示先時(shí)或后時(shí)，即主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作發(fā)生在從句之前或之后，主要連詞有：after（在……之后）, before（在……之前）, when(=after)等。如：

After / When the children had gone to bed, she began to prepare her lessons.（從句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句的動(dòng)作之前，所以從句用了過(guò)去完成時(shí)）孩子睡覺(jué)了以后她開(kāi)始備課。

He had learned English for three years before he went to London.（主句的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在從句的動(dòng)作之前，所以主句用了過(guò)去完成時(shí)）他去倫敦之前已學(xué)了三年英語(yǔ)。

It was not long before I forgot it all.(It is / was / will be …before…是常用句型)He ran off before I could stop him.（主句和從句的動(dòng)作幾乎同時(shí)發(fā)生，時(shí)態(tài)一致）

我還沒(méi)來(lái)得及阻止他他就跑掉了。(注意before在漢語(yǔ)中的譯義)(3)表示習(xí)慣性、經(jīng)常性，即從句描述的不是一次性動(dòng)作，而是經(jīng)常發(fā)生的習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作。主要連詞有every time（每次）, each time（每次）, whenever（每當(dāng)）等。例如：

Whenever we met with difficulties, they came to help us.每當(dāng)我們遇上困難的時(shí)候，他們就來(lái)幫我們。Each time he came to town he would visit our school.他每次進(jìn)城，總要來(lái)看看我們的學(xué)校。Every time I went to his house, he was out.我每次去他家，他都出去了。

（4）表示持續(xù)性或瞬間性，主要連詞有：since（自從）, ever since（自從）, until（直到……才/為止）, till（直到……才/為止）等。如： It is just a week since we arrived here.（It is /was… since…是常用句型）

我們到這兒剛剛一星期。(主句的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)持續(xù)時(shí)間較短，不能用ever since)You have been reading to me ever since James went out.（ever 放在since之前是用來(lái)表示說(shuō)話者強(qiáng)調(diào)主句動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)持續(xù)時(shí)間長(zhǎng)）自從James走后你一直在給我朗讀。

The big clock which used to strike the hours day and night was damaged during the war and has been silent ever since.(ever since可以放在句末，since則不能)這只一向日夜不停打點(diǎn)報(bào)時(shí)的大鐘在戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中損壞了，從此就一直不響了。

My uncle went to Tibet in 1951.He has been living there ever since.我叔叔于1951年去了西藏，從那以后他一直生活在那里。

Things went well until / till one night an accident happened.事情一切正常，直到有一天晚上發(fā)生了意外。

I knew nothing about it until / till he told me.(但Until he told me, I knew nothing about it.“till”不位于句首)他告訴我了我才知道。2． 地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句

地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句是由where（在……的地方）, wherever（無(wú)論哪里）引導(dǎo)的： Wuhan lies where the Yangtze and the Han River meet.武漢位于長(zhǎng)江和漢水匯合處。Where there is a will, there is a way.有志者，事竟成。

You’d better make a mark where you have any questions.(這里where引導(dǎo)的從句不是定語(yǔ)從句)哪有問(wèn)題，你最好在哪做個(gè)記號(hào)。

He would keep in touch with us wherever he was.他無(wú)論在什么地方，總是與我們保持聯(lián)系。

3．原因狀語(yǔ)從句

表示原因的狀語(yǔ)從句可以由as（由于）, because(因?yàn)?, since（既然）, now(that)（既然）, considering that（顧及到）, seeing that（由于）等連詞引導(dǎo)：

I do it because I like it.因?yàn)槲蚁矚g我才干。(because不能與 so連用)He couldn’t have seen me, because I was not there.他不可能見(jiàn)過(guò)我，因?yàn)楫?dāng)時(shí)我不在那兒。

Seeing(that)quite a few people were absent, we decided to put the meeting off.由于好些人都沒(méi)到會(huì)，我們決定延期開(kāi)會(huì)。

Now that/Since you are all here, let’s try and reach a decision.既然大家都來(lái)了，咱們就設(shè)法做出一個(gè)決定吧。

As she was ill, she didn’t come to the party.由于病了，她沒(méi)來(lái)參加晚會(huì)。

Considering that they are just beginners, they are doing quite a good job.考慮到他們才剛剛學(xué)做，他們干得算很不錯(cuò)的了。

4.目的狀語(yǔ)從句

引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)從句的主要連詞有:that, so that（以便）, in order that（為了）, for fear that（以便）, in case（萬(wàn)一）等，從句中常常使用一些情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，如：can, could, may, might, should等。如：

Let’s take the front seats(so)that we may see more clearly.我們坐前排吧，這樣我們看得更清楚些。School was closed early in order that the children might go home ahead of the storm.早點(diǎn)兒放學(xué)是為了讓孩子們?cè)诒╋L(fēng)雨到來(lái)之前回家。

He took the name down for fear that he should forget it.他把名字寫(xiě)下省得忘了。（該從句中一般用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞should+動(dòng)詞原形，或省略should）

Better take more clothes in case the weather is cold.最好多帶些衣服以防天氣會(huì)冷。

5.結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句

引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句的連詞有：that, so that（從句中不帶情態(tài)動(dòng)詞）, so…that(如此……以致..), such…that(如此……以致……)等。

What has happened that you all look so excited? 發(fā)生了什么事，使你們都顯得如此興奮？

He didn’t plan his time well, so that/so he didn’t finish the work in time.他沒(méi)把時(shí)間計(jì)劃好，結(jié)果沒(méi)按時(shí)完成這項(xiàng)工作。

We left in such a hurry that we forgot to lock the door.我們走得匆忙，把門(mén)都忘了鎖了。（such是形容詞，后接名詞）

The village is so small that it cannot be shown in the map.這村子太小，所以這地圖上沒(méi)有。（so是副詞，后接形容詞或副詞）

Jenny is such a clever girl that all the teachers like her very much = Jenny is so clever a girl that….Jenny是如此聰明的女孩，以至老師們都非常喜歡她。

但是，當(dāng)名詞前有many, much, few, little(少)修飾時(shí)，要用so,不能用such。例如：

I have had so many falls that I am black and blue all over.我摔了許多跤，以至于渾身青一塊，紫一塊。He has so few friends that he often feels lonely.他朋友很少，所以經(jīng)常感到孤獨(dú)。

I had so little money then that I couldn’t afford a little present.我當(dāng)時(shí)囊腫羞澀，連一份小小禮物都買(mǎi)不起。6． 條件狀語(yǔ)從句

表示條件的狀語(yǔ)從句可以由if（如果）, unless（除非）, in case（萬(wàn)一）, so /as long as（只要）, as/ so far as（就……而言）, on condition that（條件是……）, suppose（假設(shè)）, supposing（假設(shè)）（僅用在問(wèn)句中）等詞或詞組引導(dǎo)。一般情況下當(dāng)主句是將來(lái)時(shí)的時(shí)候，從句要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。

As/So long as we don’t lose heart, we’ll find a way to overcome the difficulty.只要我們不灰心，我們就能找到克服困難的方法。

Send us a message in case you have any difficulty.萬(wàn)一你有什么困難，請(qǐng)給我們一個(gè)信兒。

If you leave at 6 o’clock tomorrow morning, you’d better get to bed now.如果你明早6點(diǎn)鐘走，你最好現(xiàn)在就上床。

We’ll let you use the room on condition that you keep it clean and tidy.只要你能保持整潔，我們可以讓你使用這個(gè)房間。

As/So far as I know, he is an expert on DNA.據(jù)我所知，他是一個(gè)DNA專(zhuān)家。

He’ll accept the job unless the salary is too low/ if the salary is not too low.他會(huì)接受這項(xiàng)工作的，除非薪水太少/如果薪水不太少的話。

Suppose/Supposing we can’t get enough food, what shall we do?假設(shè)我們弄不到足夠的食物，那我們?cè)趺崔k？

7． 方式狀語(yǔ)從句

方式狀語(yǔ)從句常由as（與……一樣）, as if（仿佛）, as though（仿佛）等詞引導(dǎo)：

Do in Rome as the Romans do.入鄉(xiāng)隨俗。Leave things as they are.讓一切順其自然。

She stood at the door as if(=as though)she were waiting for someone.她站在門(mén)口，仿佛在等人似的。（由as if或 as though引導(dǎo)的從句中可用虛擬語(yǔ)氣）8． 比較狀語(yǔ)從句

比較狀語(yǔ)從句常由than（比）, as（與……一樣）等詞引導(dǎo)： It rains more often in Shanghai than in Beijing.上海下的雨比北京的多。Our country is as big as the whole of Europe.我們的國(guó)家同整個(gè)歐洲一樣大。The result was not as/so good as I had expected.結(jié)果不如我預(yù)料的那么好。The busier he is, the happier he feels.（常見(jiàn)句型）他越忙越開(kāi)心。9． 讓步狀語(yǔ)從句

讓步狀語(yǔ)從句由although（盡管）, though（盡管）, however（無(wú)論怎樣）, whatever（無(wú)論什么）, whoever（無(wú)論誰(shuí)）, whomever（無(wú)論誰(shuí)）, whichever（無(wú)論哪個(gè)）, whenever（無(wú)論何時(shí)）, wherever（無(wú)論哪里）, whether（是否）, no matter(who, what, where, when, etc)（無(wú)論……）, even if（即使）, even though（即使）等詞引導(dǎo)。如：

We won’t be discouraged even if(=even though)we fail ten times.我們就是失敗十次也不泄氣。

It was an exciting game, though / although no goals were scored.那是一場(chǎng)精彩的球賽，盡管一個(gè)球都沒(méi)進(jìn)。(though, although不能與 but連用)Whether you believe it or not, it’s true.不管你信不信，這是真的。

However(=No matter how)expensive it may be, I’ll take it.無(wú)論它有多貴，我也要買(mǎi)下它。Don’t let them in, whoever(=no matter who)they are.不管他們是誰(shuí)，別讓他們進(jìn)來(lái)。

No matter what I say or how I say it, he always thinks I’m wrong.無(wú)論我說(shuō)什么或怎么說(shuō)，他總認(rèn)為是我錯(cuò)。連詞as也可以引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，但從句中要用特殊語(yǔ)序。如：

Young as he is, he knows a lot=Though he is young 或Young though he is, he….他雖然年輕，但懂得很多。(though 也有這種用法，可以替換as,但although沒(méi)有這種用法)though還可以用作副詞，放在句末。如：

It was hard work;;I enjoyed it, though=It was hard work, but I enjoyed it.那工作很苦，但是我喜歡干。