第一篇：新初二下冊(cè)英語語法綜合練習(xí)

新初二英語下冊(cè)全冊(cè)語法綜合練習(xí)題

用所給詞的正確形式填空.1.There are many new _________(build)in our city.2.We can do the work with _______(little)money and ______(few)people than they can.3.Maybe he wants to go _________(skate).4.I believe that in ten years I will work for ____________.(me)5.There are _________(hundred)of people on the ground.6.My friend Liz often ___________(wash)her clothes on Wednesday.7,Please be quiet.I’m trying _______(study)math for a test tomorrow.8,There are some ___________(different)between the twins.9,A good friend is popular and usually makes us _________(laugh)every day.10,He started learning ___________(paint)when he was 10 months old.11,I often saw him ______(play)the violin in the park last year.12,We have to spend much time _________(learn)English every day.13,Did it take you the whole day ________(finish)the project last week? 14.The boy(take)to hospital at once after he fell off the tree.(09常州)15．When I grow up, I _______________(be)a famous pilot.16.If it __________(rain)next Sunday, we won’t have a football match.(09蘭州)17．It’s eight o’clock in the morning.What ________ Tom ________(do)? 18．Would you like _________(have)a cup of tea? 19．I have a good friend ________(call)Jim.20.._______(predict)the future can be difficult 21.Father _____ still ______（sleep）when I ______（get）up yesterday morning.22.Grandma ______（cook）breakfast while I ______（wash）my face this morning.23.______（watch）TV too much is bad for your eyes.24.Could you tell us the ______（different）between these two styles of music?25.They are much ______（friend）than I thought.26.The teacher ______（take）away my mobile phone because I used it in class.27.It rained very hard.And it made a few drivers ______（injure）in the race.28.Don’t walk _____________ or we’ll be late for school.(slow)29.I _____________ my dictionary yesterday.I looked for it but found nothing.(lose)30.I hear you live near the river.You must be good at _____________.(swim)31.My _____________ English is very poor.Can you help me?(speak)32.It is _____________ for us to practice English skills.(importance)33.I hear some ________(foreign)will visit our school next week.34.Italy and Russia are both __________(Europe)countries.35.Jim does his homework as __________(care)as Lucy does, so they make few mistakes.36.Alison is _________(interest)in playing basketball.37.The old man lives on the ________(two)floor.38.Yang Liwei _________(fly)around the earth on October 15,2003.39.Yao Ming is one of the most popular basketball ________(play)in the world.40.Parents should give more time to children to do things by _________(them).41.They _________(talk)about the TV play when I came into the room yesterday.42Traveling by plane is ________________(expensive)than by train.43.There are two modern ____________(library)in our city.44．Our English teacher has been to the Great Wall ____．（two）45．My teacher has a wide ____ of history．（know）46．Forest will stop the wind from ____ the earth away．（blow）47.The children ____ under a big tree，aren't they？（lie）48.She is too tired to go any ____．（far）49.Would you mind________(turn)off the blender? 50.Could you please not _______(wear)those old jeans

第二篇：初二下冊(cè)英語語法總結(jié)

初二下冊(cè)英語語法總結(jié)

表示一般將來時(shí)在八年級(jí)中我們已經(jīng)學(xué)習(xí)了以下幾種表現(xiàn)形式：

1.用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表將來時(shí)(表示按計(jì)劃安排要發(fā)生的事件。)

What are you doing this weekend?

I’m playing soccer with Jim.Are you visiting the aquarium tomorrow? Yes, we are.2.用be going to do表將來時(shí)(表示明確的打算或用來表示必然，很可能發(fā)生的事或自然現(xiàn)象。)

It is going to rain this afternoon.We’re going to have a new subject this year.3.用will do表示將來時(shí)(表示單純的將來概念或表示“意愿”。)

I will see you tomorrow.Will you please open the door?

Ask for advice 尋求建議

(1)What shall I do?

(2)Can you help me?/Can you give me a hand?

(3)What should he do?

(4)Could you give me some advice?(a piece of advice, some pieces of advice)

Give suggestions 提出建議

第三篇：初二英語語法

初二英語語法大全

動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)的句子結(jié)構(gòu)及關(guān)鍵詞: 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí):

句子結(jié)構(gòu): 肯定句 主語+be(am, is, are)+ 其他

否定句 主語+be not +其他

疑問句 Be+主語+其他

或: 肯定句 主語+動(dòng)詞原型+其他(第三人稱單數(shù)作主語動(dòng)詞要加“s”)

否定句 主語+don't+動(dòng)詞原型+其他(第三人稱單數(shù)作主語don't改為doesn't)

疑問句 DO+主語+動(dòng)詞原型+其他(第三人稱單數(shù)作主語do改為doess)

關(guān)鍵詞: sometimes, often, usually, always, every day, on Sunday

afternoon, at 10 o'clockin the morning, five days a week, three times a month等.注:在時(shí)間壯語從句,條件壯語從句中,常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來時(shí),這時(shí)一般從 句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),主句用將來時(shí)

現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí):

句子結(jié)構(gòu):肯定句 主語+be +動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞+其他

否定句 主語+be not+動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞+其他

疑問句 Be +主語+動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞+其他 關(guān)鍵詞:now, right now, at the moment, It's+幾點(diǎn)鐘等的句子.或look, listen, keep quiet等提示語.一般將來時(shí):

句子結(jié)構(gòu): 肯定句 主語+will+動(dòng)詞原型+其他

否定句 主語+will not +動(dòng)詞原型+其他

疑問句 Will +主語+動(dòng)詞原型+其他

(will 可改為be going to ,當(dāng)主語是第一人稱時(shí)will可用shall)關(guān)鍵詞:tomorrow, tomorrow morning, at seven o'clock tomorrow evening, next year，at ten o'clock next Sunday, this year, at the end of this term, from now on, in the year 2008, soon, in a few days' time, in the future 等.一般過去時(shí):

句子結(jié)構(gòu):肯定句 主語+be(was,were)+其他

否定句 主語+be not+其他

疑問句 Be+主語+其他

或: 肯定句 主語+動(dòng)詞的過去式+其他

否定句 主語+did not+動(dòng)詞原型+其他

疑問句 Did+主語+動(dòng)詞原型+其他

關(guān)鍵詞:yesterday,yesterday morning等 ,last week, last year, at the end of last term, 一段時(shí)間+ago如:ten years ago, five hours ago, on January 1st,2004, in the 1980s等.Just now,in the old days, long ago, a moment ago等.過去進(jìn)行時(shí):

句子結(jié)構(gòu): 肯定句 主語+was/were+動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞+其他

否定句 主語+was/were not +動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞+其他

疑問句 Was/Were + 主語+ 動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞+其他

關(guān)鍵詞:具體時(shí)間+過去的時(shí)間壯語 如:at ten o'clock yesterday morning, at

this time last Sunday等.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí):

句子結(jié)構(gòu):肯定句 主語+have/has+動(dòng)詞的過去分詞+其他(第三人稱單數(shù)用has)

否定句 主語+have/has not+動(dòng)詞的過去分詞+其他

疑問句 Have/Has + 主語 + 動(dòng)詞的過去分詞+其他

關(guān)鍵詞:already, yet, just, ever, never ,so far, for +一段時(shí)間,since+過去的

時(shí)間或過去時(shí)從句.或this year alone“今年以來”,these five years alone“這五年

以來”,in the last ten years “在過去的十年中”等.過去將來時(shí): 句子結(jié)構(gòu): 肯定句 主語+ would+ 動(dòng)詞原型+其他

否定句 主語+ would not + 動(dòng)詞原型+ 其他

疑問句 Would+主語+動(dòng)詞原型+其他

(would可改為was/were going to ,主語第一人稱時(shí)would可用should)

過去將來時(shí)主要用在賓語從句中.過去完成時(shí):

句子結(jié)構(gòu): 肯定句 主語+had + 動(dòng)詞的過去分詞+其他

否定句 主語+had not +動(dòng)詞的過去分詞+其他

疑問句 Had+主語+動(dòng)詞的過去分詞+其他

關(guān)鍵詞:by+過去某一時(shí)間點(diǎn) 如:by last year, by the end of+過去某一時(shí)間點(diǎn) 如:

by the end of last year, before+過去某一時(shí)間點(diǎn),by the time +從句,或賓語從 句中最后,請(qǐng)記住:

It's not the end of the world, try to look on the bright side of thing, I'm sure it will be all right.這不是世界末日,試著往事情好的方面看,我確認(rèn)一切都會(huì)好起來.英語動(dòng)詞有兩種語態(tài)：主動(dòng)語態(tài)和被動(dòng)語態(tài)。初中階段的被動(dòng)語態(tài)有五種時(shí)態(tài)，我們可以從以下方面進(jìn)行小結(jié)：

一、被動(dòng)語態(tài)的時(shí)態(tài)及結(jié)構(gòu)（以動(dòng)詞do為例）結(jié)構(gòu)：主語 + be + 過去分詞

時(shí)態(tài)：1.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)： am(is, are)done.2.帶情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)：must(can, may, should, need, would)be done 3.一般過去時(shí)： was(were)done * 4.一般將來時(shí)： will(shall)be done * 5.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)： am(is, are)being done 6.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)： have(has)been done

二、從初中階段所學(xué)五種基本句型談變被動(dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)應(yīng)注意的問題。1．主語 + 連系動(dòng)詞 + 表語(S+V+P)此結(jié)構(gòu)不可用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。(正)The flowers smell sweet.(誤)The flowers are smelt sweet.2．主語 + 不及物動(dòng)詞(S+V)此結(jié)構(gòu)不可變被動(dòng)語態(tài)。

(正)An accident happened last night.(誤)An accident was happened last night.3．主語 + 及物動(dòng)詞 + 賓語(S + V+ O)（1）將主動(dòng)語態(tài)的賓語變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語態(tài)的主語 Children often sing this song This song is often sung by children.（2）將含有介詞或副詞的動(dòng)詞短語變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，不可將介詞或副詞去掉。

We should listen to the teachers carefully.The teachers should be listened to carefully.4．主語 + 及物動(dòng)詞 + 間接賓語 + 直接賓語(S + V+ IO+ DO)（1）.將表人的間接賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z，直接賓語不變。He showed us a picture.We were shown a picture.（2）.將指物的直接賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z，要在間接賓語前加介詞to或for.常用加to的動(dòng)詞give, show, pass, read等 常用加for的動(dòng)詞 buy, get, make, sing, draw 等 A picture was shown to us.A dictionary was bought for me by my parents.5． 主語+及物動(dòng)詞 + 賓語 + 賓語補(bǔ)足語(S+ V+ O + C)如動(dòng)詞為 make, see, hear, watch 等，后接賓語補(bǔ)足語為不帶“to”不定式時(shí)，變被動(dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)要加上“to”。I saw him fall off the tree.He was seen to fall off the tree.6.“be + 過去分詞” 并非都是被動(dòng)語態(tài)，系動(dòng)詞 be, feel, seem,look,等詞后面的過去分詞已轉(zhuǎn)化為形容詞，作表語用，表示某種狀態(tài)。

I'm interested in mathematics.我對(duì)數(shù)學(xué)感興趣。

*7.某些動(dòng)詞用主動(dòng)語態(tài)來表示被動(dòng)含義。The woman's clothes sell well.女裝賣的快。This book sells best.這本書很暢銷.英語語法大全下載

1、所有格：He is Fred's best friend.（-'s）

2、動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在時(shí)的第三人稱單數(shù)：Alfredo works.（-s）

3、動(dòng)詞過去式：Fred worked.（-ed），但亦有不規(guī)則變化。

4、現(xiàn)在分詞／進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)：Fred is working.（-ing）（［注］如果動(dòng)詞的末音節(jié)為輔音結(jié)尾的閉音節(jié)，則須雙寫末輔音，如running）

5、過去分詞：The car was stolen.（-en）；Fred has talked to the police.（-ed），但亦有不規(guī)則變化。

6、動(dòng)名詞：Working is good for the soul.（-ing）

7、名詞的復(fù)數(shù)：Fred has two blue eyes.（-s）（［注］如果動(dòng)詞的尾字是s,sh,x,ch，則需加-es，如dishes）

8、形容詞的比較級(jí)：Fred is smarter than Rick.（-er）形容詞末尾加-er，多音節(jié)在前面”加more，如“more difficult”。

9、形容詞的最高級(jí)：Fred has the fastest car.（-est）形容詞末尾加-est，多音節(jié)詞在前面加most，如“the most difficult”。

英語的基本語序?yàn)镾VO，且基本上不能任意變換語序，除了在少數(shù)詩詞以外；另一方面，有時(shí)英語會(huì)使用OSV的語序。（注：S：Subject［主語］；V：Verbal phrase［謂語］；O：Object［賓語］）

英語中所有的詞可分成十大類，每一類詞在句子中都有其特定的位置和作用。這十大詞類是：

一、名 詞：表示人或事物的名稱的詞。

二、形容詞：表示人或事物的特征的詞。

三、副 詞：修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞和副詞的詞。

四、代 詞：是代替名詞、形容詞和數(shù)詞的詞。

五、數(shù) 詞：表示數(shù)量和順序的詞。

六、動(dòng) 詞：表示動(dòng)作和狀態(tài)的詞。

七、冠 詞：與名詞連用，其說明人或事物的作用。

八、介 詞：通常置于名詞和代詞之前，表示名詞和代詞與其他詞的關(guān)系。

九、連 詞：連接詞與詞、短語與短語、句子與句子的詞。

十、感嘆詞：表示說話人感情或語氣的詞。

英語的時(shí)態(tài)

英語共有十六個(gè)時(shí)態(tài)、四個(gè)體。（注：四個(gè)體為——一般、進(jìn)行、完成、完成進(jìn)行。）

英語中的四個(gè)體相當(dāng)于法語、西班牙語以及所有印歐語系羅曼語族中的式，如：直陳式，命令式等。

（1）一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)

基本形式（以do為例）：

第三人稱單數(shù)：does（主語為非第三人稱單數(shù)）；

肯定句：主語＋動(dòng)詞原形＋其他；

否定句：主語＋don?t＋動(dòng)詞原形＋其他；

一般疑問句：Do＋主語＋動(dòng)詞原形＋其他。

肯定回答：Yes，＋ 主語＋do．

否定回答：No，＋主語＋don't.特殊疑問句：疑問詞+一般疑問句語序（2）一般過去時(shí)

be動(dòng)詞＋行為動(dòng)詞的過去式

was／were＋not；在行為動(dòng)詞前加didn?t，同時(shí)還原行為動(dòng)詞

was或were放于句首；用助動(dòng)詞do的過去式did提問，同時(shí)還原行為動(dòng)詞

（3）一般將來時(shí)

am／are／is＋going to＋do

will／shall＋do

am/is/are/about to + do

am/is/are to + do

一般將來時(shí)的表達(dá)方法

be going to +動(dòng)詞原形

be +不定式,be to+動(dòng)詞原形,be about to ＋動(dòng)詞原形

be able to +不定式

be about to+動(dòng)詞原形

(4)過去將來時(shí)

be（was，were）going to+動(dòng)詞原形

be（was，were）about to+動(dòng)詞原形

be（was，were）to+動(dòng)詞原形

肯定句：主語+be（was，were）going to+動(dòng)詞原形～.否定句：主語+be（was，were）not going to+動(dòng)詞原形～.疑問句：Be（Was，Were）+主語+going to+動(dòng)詞原形～？

肯定句：主語+would（should）+動(dòng)詞原形～.否定句：主語+would（should）not+動(dòng)詞原形～.疑問句：Would（Should）+主語+動(dòng)詞原形～？

(5)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)

主語+be+動(dòng)詞ing〔現(xiàn)在分詞〕形式

第一人稱+am+doing+sth

第二人稱+are+doing +sth

第三人稱+is+doing+sth(6)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)

肯定句：主語+was/were+doing+其它

否定句：主語+was/were+not+doing+其它

一般疑問句及答語：Was/Were+主語+doing+其它 答語：Yes,I was./No,I wasn't.特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞+was/were+主語+doing+其它

(7)將來進(jìn)行時(shí)

動(dòng)詞be的將來時(shí)+現(xiàn)在分詞

(8)過去將來進(jìn)行時(shí)

should(would)+be+現(xiàn)在分詞

(9)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)

基本結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+have/has+過去分詞(done)

①肯定句：主語+have/has+過去分詞+其他

②否定句：主語+have/has+not+過去分詞+其他

③一般疑問句：Have/Has+主語+過去分詞+其他

④特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞+一般疑問句（have/has+主語+過去分詞+其他

(10)過去完成時(shí)

基本結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+had+過去分詞(done)

①肯定句：主語+had+過去分詞+其他

②否定句：主語+had+not+過去分詞+其他

③一般疑問句：Had+主語+過去分詞+其他

肯定回答：Yes,主語+had

否定回答：No,主語+hadn't

④特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞+一般疑問句（had+主語+過去分詞+其他）

語法判定:

（1）by + 過去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)。如：

I had finished reading the novel by nine o'clock last night.（2）by the end of + 過去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)。如：

We had learnt over two thousand English words by the end of last term.（3）before + 過去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)。如：

They had planted six hundred trees before last Wednesday.(11)將來完成時(shí)

（shall）will+have+動(dòng)詞過去分詞

before+將來時(shí)間或by+將來時(shí)間

before或by the time引導(dǎo)的現(xiàn)在時(shí)的從句

(12)過去將來完成時(shí)

should / would have done sth.(13)現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)

have/has been +-ing 分詞

(14)過去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)

had been +-ing 分詞

(15)將來完成進(jìn)行時(shí)

主語+ shall/will have been doing(16)過去將來完成進(jìn)行時(shí)

should+have been+現(xiàn)在分詞用于第一人稱 would have been+現(xiàn)在分詞用于其他人稱

第四篇：初二英語語法形容詞比較級(jí)專項(xiàng)練習(xí)

初二英語語法形容詞比較級(jí)專項(xiàng)練習(xí)

一、寫出下列形容詞與副詞的比較級(jí)與最高級(jí)形式：

long _________ ______ wide _______ _______

thin _________ _______

heavy ________ ______ slow _______ _______

few___________ _______

short ________ ______ badly ______ _______

far __________ _______

quickly ______ ______ happy ______ _______

careful ______ _______

二、用所給詞的正確形式填空：

1.She will be much ______(happy)in her new class.2.The short one is _______(useful)of the five.3.His sister is two years _______(young)than him.4.This ruler is twice as ______(long)as that.5.The _____(cheap)bags are usually the best ones.6.Gold(黃金)is much ______(expensive)than iron(鐵).7.The boy is not so ______(interesting)as his brother.8.Jack sings _____(well), he sings ______(well)than Tom, but Mary sings______(well)in her class.9.Of the three girls, I find Lucy is _______(clever).10.John’s parents have four daughters, and she is _____(young)child.三、選擇填空：

1.It is _____ today than yesterday.A.hot

B.more hot

C.hotter

D.much hot

2.This line is ____ than that one.A.not longer

B.more longer

C.much more longer

D.many more longer

3.Of the five toys, the child chose_____.A.the expensive one

B.one most expensive

C.a least expensive

D.the most expensive one

4.Which do you like _____, coffee, tea or milk?

A.the best

B.better

C.the better

D.best

5.They bet to see who could run _____ in the sports meeting.A.the fastest

B.the faster

C.fastest

D.faster

6.This book is ____ of all.A.thinner

B.the thinner

C.more thinner

D.the thinnest

7.She looks _____ than she really is.A.the more younger B.much younger C.very younger D.more younger 8.Our country is becoming ______.A.more beautiful and more

B.more beautiful and beautiful

C.more and more beautiful

D.more beautiful and beautifuler

9.The earth is _____ the moon.A.49 times as big as

B.49 times as bigger as

C.as 49 times big as

D.as big as 49 times

10.This kind of drink is different ______.A.and it is also better

B.and better than the other

C.but also than others

D.from the other, and better

四、翻譯句子：

1、他比我大兩歲。

He is _____ ______ ______ than I.2、今天比昨天冷得多。

It is _____ ______ today______ it was yesterday.3、這個(gè)故事不如那個(gè)有趣。

This story is _____ _____ _____ as that one.4、她的身體一天天好起來。

He is getting _____ ______ ______ every day.5、他對(duì)英語越來越感興趣。

He is becoming ______ ______ _______ ______ ______ English.6、他吃的越多，就越胖。

The ______ he eats, the _______ he is.參考答案：

一、寫出下列形容詞與副詞的比較級(jí)與最高級(jí)形式：

longer, longest;wider, widest;thinner, thinnest;heavier, heaviest;slower, slowest;fewer, fewest;shorter, shortest;worse, worst;farther, farthest;more quickly, most quickly;

happier, happiest;more careful, most careful

二、用所給詞的正確形式填空：1.happier

2.the most useful 3.younger

4.long 5.cheapest6.more expensive 7.interesting

8.well, better, best 9.the cleverest 10.the youngest

三、選擇填空： 1.C 2.A 3.D 4.B 5.C 6.D 7.B 8.C 9.A 10.D

四、翻譯句子：1.two years older 2.much colder, than 3.not so interesting

4.better and better 5.more and more interesting in 6.more, fatter

一、形容詞的一般用法

1.作定語，一般放在所修飾詞的前面。

例如，It’s a cold and windy day.2.作表語，放在系動(dòng)詞的后面。

例如，He looks happy today.3.形容詞修飾something，anything，nothing，everything等復(fù)合不定代詞時(shí)，須放

在其后。

例如，Would you like something hot to drink？

4.表示長、寬、高、深及年齡的形容詞，應(yīng)放在相應(yīng)的名詞之后。

例如，How long is the river？ It’s about two hundred metres long.5.只能作表語的形容詞：afraid害怕；alone獨(dú)自的；asleep睡著的；awake醒著的；alive活著的；well健康的；ill病的；frightened害怕的

例如，The man is ill.(正)

The ill man is my uncle.(誤)

6.只能作定語的形容詞：little小的；only唯一的；wooden木質(zhì)的；woolen羊毛質(zhì)的；

elder年長的

例如，My elder brother is in Beijing.(正)

My brother is elder.(誤)

7.貌似副詞的形容詞：lonely獨(dú)自的；friendly友好的；lively生動(dòng)的；lovely可愛的

8.復(fù)合形容詞：snow-white雪白的 English-speaking說英語的；glass-topped玻璃罩的；full-time全日制的；well-known眾所周知的；kind-hearted善良的；man-made人造的；take-away可以帶走的；ten-year-old十歲的。

二、多個(gè)形容詞修飾名詞時(shí)，其順序?yàn)椋?/p>

限定詞(冠詞、指示代詞、形容詞性物主代詞、數(shù)詞)——描繪詞(大小，長短，形狀，新舊，長幼，顏色)——出處——材料性質(zhì)——類別——名詞

A small round table一張小圓桌

A tall white building一幢高大的白色建筑物

A dirty old black shirt一件又臟又舊的黑色襯衣

A famous American medical school一個(gè)非常著名的美國醫(yī)學(xué)院

三、形容詞常用句型

1.“It’s +adj.+of+sb.+不定式”表示“某人(做某事)怎么樣”。

注意：這一句型中常用描述行為者的性格、品質(zhì)的形容詞，如good(好的)，kind(友善的)，nice(友好的)，polite(有禮貌的)，clever(聰明的)，foolish(愚蠢的)，lazy(懶惰的)，careful(細(xì)心的)，careless(粗心的)，right(正確的)，wrong(錯(cuò)誤的)等。

例如，It’s very kind of you to help me.(=You are very kind to help me.)你能

幫助我，真好。

It’s very rude of her to say such words.(=She is very rude to say such words.)

她說這樣的話，真粗魯。

It’s foolish of him to go alone.(=He is foolish to go alone.)他單獨(dú)出去太傻

了。

2.“It’s+adj.+for+sb.+不定式”表示“做某事對(duì)某人來說怎么樣”。

注意：這一句型中常用的形容詞有important(重要的)，necessary(必要的)，difficult(困難的)，easy(容易的)，hard(艱難的)，dangerous(危險(xiǎn)的)，safe(安全的)，useful(有益的)，pleasant(舒適的)，interesting(有趣的)，impossible(不可能的)等。

例如，It’s not easy for them to learn a foreign language.(=To learn a foreign language is not easy for them.)對(duì)于他們來說學(xué)好一門外語不容易。

It’s very important for students to listen to teachers carefully.(=To listen to teachers carefully is very important for students.)對(duì)于學(xué)生來說上課認(rèn)真聽老師

講課是非常重要的。

It’s necessary for us to get to school on time.(=To get to school on time is necessary for us.)對(duì)于我們來說按時(shí)到校是非常必要的。

3.表示感情或情緒的形容詞，如glad(高興的)，pleased(高興的)，sad(憂傷的)，thankful(感激的)等常接不定式。

例如，Glad to see you.見到你非常高興。

I’m very sad to hear the bad news.聽到這個(gè)壞新聞，我非常難過。

4.表示能力和意志的形容詞，如ready(樂意的，有準(zhǔn)備的)，able(有能力的)，sure(一

定)，certain(一定)等常接不定式。

例如，Lei Feng is always ready to help others.雷鋒總是樂于助人。

He is sure to get to school on time.他一定會(huì)按時(shí)到校。

一、副詞的分類

副詞按詞匯意義可分為：

方式副詞：well，fast，slowly，carefully，quickly

程度副詞：very，much，enough，almost，rather，quite

地點(diǎn)副詞：here，there，out，somewhere，abroad，home，時(shí)間副詞：today，early，soon，now，then，recently，still

頻度副詞：always，often，usually，sometimes，seldom，never 否定副詞：no，not，neither，nor，疑問副詞：where，how，why

其他：also，too，only

二、副詞的基本用法：

副詞是用來修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、其他副詞以及全句話的詞類，表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、程度、方式等概念。

例如，1.We should listen to our teachers carefully.我們應(yīng)該認(rèn)真聽老師講課。2.He is very happy today.他今天非常高興。3.“What happened？”I asked，rather angrily.“發(fā)生什么事情了？”我相當(dāng)生氣地問。4.In spring，I can see flowers everywhere.在春天，我到處都能看到花。

三、常見副詞用法辨析

1.already與yet的區(qū)別

already用于肯定句句中，表示“已經(jīng)”;yet用于否定句句末，表示“還”，用于疑問

句句末，表示“已經(jīng)”

例如，He had already left when I called.當(dāng)我給他打電話時(shí)，他已經(jīng)離開了。

Have you found your ruler yet？你已經(jīng)找到你的尺子了嗎？

I haven’t finished my homework yet.我還沒有完成作業(yè)。

注意：already還可以表示驚奇，驚訝等語氣，常用于疑問句句末

例如：Has your son gone to school already？你的兒子已經(jīng)上學(xué)了嗎？(表示很驚訝)very，much和very much.的區(qū)別

very用于修飾形容詞或副詞的原級(jí)；much用于修飾形容詞或副詞的比較級(jí)；修飾動(dòng)詞要用very much.例如，John is very honest.約翰非常誠實(shí)。

This garden is much bigger than that one.這個(gè)花園比那個(gè)大的多。

Thank you very much.非常感謝你

3.so與such的區(qū)別

⑴so修飾形容詞或副詞;such 修飾名詞，例如，My brother runs so fast that I can’t follow him.我弟弟跑得那么快以至

于我跟不上他。

He is such a boy.他是一個(gè)這樣的孩子。

⑵so修飾的形容詞后可以有一個(gè)單數(shù)的可數(shù)名詞，其結(jié)構(gòu)是“so+形容詞+a/an+可數(shù)名

詞單數(shù)”.such可以修飾可數(shù)名詞單復(fù)數(shù)和不可數(shù)名詞，名詞前可以有形容詞作定語，其結(jié)構(gòu)是“such+a/an+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)”，“such+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)/不可數(shù)名詞”，例如，He is so clever a boy.=He is such a clever boy.他是一個(gè)如此聰明的孩子。

It is such cold weather.這么冷的天氣。(正)

It is so cold weather.(誤)

They are such good students.他們是那么好的學(xué)生。(正)

They are so good students.(誤)⑶如果可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)前有many，few或不可數(shù)名詞前有much，little修飾，用so不用such.例如，so many(如此多的)；so few(如此少的)可以加可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)

so much(如此多的)；so little(如此少的)可以加不可數(shù)名詞

4.also，too，as well與either 的區(qū)別

also，as well，too，用于肯定句，also常用于be動(dòng)詞，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，助動(dòng)詞之后，行為動(dòng)詞之前；as well，too用于句末；either用于否定句中，置于句末。

例如，My father is a teacher.My mother is also a teacher.=My father is a teacher.My mother is a teacher as well.=My father is a teacher.My mother is a teacher，too.我爸爸是一名老師，我媽媽也是。I can’t speak French..Jenny can’t speak French，either.我不會(huì)說法語，詹妮也不會(huì)。

5.sometime，sometimes，some time與some times的區(qū)別

sometime：某一時(shí)間，某一時(shí)刻，可指將來時(shí)，也可指過去時(shí)

sometimes：有時(shí)，不時(shí)的some time：一段時(shí)間 some times：幾次，幾倍

例如，We’ll have a test sometime next month.下個(gè)月的某一時(shí)間，我們要進(jìn)行一次測(cè)試。Sometimes we are busy and sometimes we are not.有時(shí)我們很忙，有時(shí)不忙。He stayed in Beijing for some time last year.他去年在北京呆了一段時(shí)間。I have been to Beijing some times.我去過北京好幾次。

6.ago與before的區(qū)別

ago表示以現(xiàn)在為起點(diǎn)的“以前”，常與一般過去時(shí)連用，不可以單獨(dú)使用。before指過去或?qū)淼哪硶r(shí)刻“以前”，也可泛指以前，常和完成時(shí)連用，可以單獨(dú)使用。

例如，I saw him ten minutes ago.我十分鐘之前看到的他。

He told me that he had seen the film before.他告訴我他以前看過這場(chǎng)電影。

7.now，just與just now的區(qū)別

now：與一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用，意為“現(xiàn)在”

just：與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)、過去完成時(shí)連用，表示“剛??”

just now：和過去時(shí)連用，表示“剛才”

.例如，Where does he live now？他現(xiàn)在住哪里？

We have just seen the film.我們剛看過這場(chǎng)電影。

He was here just now.他剛才在這里。

Ⅲ、形容詞，副詞的比較級(jí)、最高級(jí)

一、規(guī)則變化

1.一般在詞尾直接加er或est，例如，tall-taller-tallest，long-longer-longest

2.以不發(fā)音的字母e結(jié)尾的單詞在詞尾直接加r或st，例如，nice-nicer-nicest

3.以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的詞，把y變?yōu)閕，再加er或est，例如，heavy-heavier-heaviest

4.重讀閉音節(jié)，末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母，雙寫這個(gè)輔音字母，再加er或est，例如，big-bigger-biggest

5.部分雙音節(jié)詞和多音節(jié)詞分別在原級(jí)前加more構(gòu)成比較級(jí)和most構(gòu)成最高級(jí)，例如，slowly-more slowly-most slowly；beautiful-more beautiful-most beautiful Ⅳ形容詞，副詞 等級(jí)的用法

一、原級(jí)的用法

1.只能修飾原級(jí)的詞，very，quite，so，too

例如，He is too tired to walk on.他太累了以至于不能再繼續(xù)走了。

My brother runs so fast that I can‘t follow him.我弟弟跑得那么快以至于我跟

不上他。

2.原級(jí)常用的句型結(jié)構(gòu)

(1)“甲+be+(倍數(shù))+as+形容詞原級(jí)+as+乙”表示“甲和乙程度相同”或“甲是乙的幾

倍”

例如，Tom is as old as Kate.湯姆和凱特年齡一樣大。

Tom is twice as old as Kate.湯姆的年齡是凱特的二倍。

“甲+實(shí)意動(dòng)詞+(倍數(shù))+as+副詞原級(jí)+as+乙”表示“甲和乙程度相同”或“甲是乙的幾倍”

例如，Tom runs as fast as Mike.湯姆和邁克跑得一樣快。

Tom runs twice as fast as Mike.湯姆跑得速度是邁克的二倍。

(2)“甲+be+not+as/so+形容詞原級(jí)+as+乙”甲不如乙?

例如，This room is not as/so big as that one.這個(gè)房間不如那個(gè)大。

“甲+助動(dòng)詞+not+動(dòng)詞原形+as/so+副詞原級(jí)+as+乙”甲不如乙?

例如，He doesn’t walk as slowly as you.他走路不像你那樣慢。

二、比較級(jí)的用法

1.可以修飾比較級(jí)的詞，much，a lot，far，?的多a little，a bit，?一點(diǎn)兒

even甚至，still仍然

例如，Lesson One is much easier than Lesson Two.第一課比第二課容易得多。

Tom looks even younger than before.湯姆甚至比以前更年輕。

This train runs much faster than that one.這輛火車比那輛跑地快。

She drives still more carefully than her husband.她開車仍然比她丈夫還認(rèn)真。

2.比較級(jí)常用的句型結(jié)構(gòu)

(1)“甲+be+(倍數(shù))+形容詞比較級(jí)+than+乙”表示“甲比乙?”或“甲比乙?幾倍”

例如，Tom is taller than Kate.湯姆比凱特高。

This room is three times bigger than that one.這個(gè)房間比那個(gè)大三倍。

“甲+實(shí)意動(dòng)詞+(倍數(shù))+副詞比較級(jí)+than+乙”表示“甲比乙?”或“甲比乙?幾倍”

例如，I got up earlier than my mother this morning.我今天早晨起床比我媽媽還

早。

He runs three times faster than his brother.他跑的速度比他弟弟快三倍。

(2)“甲+be+形容詞比較級(jí)+than+any other+單數(shù)名詞(+介詞短語)”表示“甲比同一范圍的任何一個(gè)人/物都??”，含義是“甲最??”。

例如，The Yangtze River is longer than any other river in China.=The Yangtze River is longer than any of the other rivers in China.長江比中

國的任何一條其他的河都長。

=The Yangtze River is longer than the other rivers in China.長江比中國的其他

所有的河都長。

=The Yangtze River is the longest river in China.長江是中國最長的河流。

注意：The Yangtze River is longer than any river in Japan.長江比日本的任何一

條河都長。

“甲+實(shí)意動(dòng)詞+副詞比較級(jí)+than+anyother+單數(shù)名詞(+介詞短語)”表示“甲比同一范圍的任何一個(gè)人/物都??”，含義是“甲最??”。

例如，Mike gets to school earlier than any other student in his class.= Mike gets to school earlier than any of the other students in his class.邁克比他們班上任何一個(gè)其他的同學(xué)到校都早。

= Mike gets to school earlier than the other students in his class.邁克比他

們班上其他的同學(xué)到校都早。

= Mike gets to school earliest in his class.邁克在他們班到校最早。

注意：Mike gets to school earlier than any student in Tom’s class.邁克比湯姆班上任何一個(gè)學(xué)生到校都早。(邁克和湯姆不是同一個(gè)班)

(3)“甲+be+the+形容詞比較級(jí)+of the two+??”表示“甲是兩者中較??的”。

例如，Look at the two boys.My brother is the taller of the two.看那兩個(gè)男孩，我弟弟是兩個(gè)當(dāng)中較高的那個(gè)。

(4)“比較級(jí)+and+比較級(jí)”表示“越來越??”。

例如，He is getting taller and taller.他變得越來越高了。

The flowers are more and more beautiful.花兒越來越漂亮。

He does his homework more and more carefully.他做作業(yè)越來越認(rèn)真了。

(5)“the+比較級(jí)，the+比較級(jí)”表示“越??，越??”。

例如，The more careful you are，the fewer mistakes you’ll make.你越認(rèn)真，犯的錯(cuò)誤越少。

(6)“特殊疑問詞+be+形容詞比較級(jí)，甲o(hù)r乙？”

例如，Which is bigger，the earth or the moon？哪一個(gè)大，地球還是月球？

“特殊疑問詞+實(shí)意動(dòng)詞+副詞比較級(jí)，甲o(hù)r乙？”

例如，Who draws better，Jenny or Danny？誰畫得比較好，詹妮還是丹尼？

3.最高級(jí)常用句型結(jié)構(gòu)

(1)“主語+be+the+形容詞最高級(jí)+單數(shù)名詞+in/of短語”表示“??是??中最??的”。

例如，Tom is the tallest in his class./of all the students.湯姆是他們班上/

所有學(xué)生當(dāng)中最高的。

This apple is the biggest of the five.這個(gè)

蘋果是五個(gè)當(dāng)中最大的。

“主語+實(shí)意動(dòng)詞+(the)+副詞最高級(jí)+單數(shù)名詞+in/of短語”表示“??是??中

最??的”。

例如，I jump(the)farthest in my class.我是我們班跳得最遠(yuǎn)的。

(2)“主語+be+oneofthe+形容詞最高級(jí)+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+in/of短語”表示“??是??中

最??之一”。

例如，Beijing is one of the largest cities in China.北京是中國最大城市之一。

(3)“特殊疑問詞+be+the+最高級(jí)+甲，乙，or丙？”用于三者以上的比較。

例如，Which country is the largest，China，Brazil or Canada？哪一個(gè)國家最大，中國，巴西還是加拿大？

“特殊疑問詞+be+the+副詞最高級(jí)+甲，乙，or丙？”用于三者以上的比較

例如，Which season do you like(the)best，spring，summer or autumn？你最喜

歡哪一個(gè)季節(jié)，春天，夏天還是秋天？

第五篇：初二英語語法總結(jié)

初二英語語法總結(jié)

一般將來時(shí)

一般將來時(shí)表示將來某個(gè)時(shí)間要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或者存在的狀態(tài)。通常與表示將來的時(shí)間狀語連用，如tomorrow, the day after tomorrow,next year, next month, next week, in 100 years等。

be going to do（動(dòng)詞原形）結(jié)構(gòu)：表示打算、準(zhǔn)備做的事情或者肯定要發(fā)生的事情。如：It is going to rain.will do 結(jié)構(gòu)表示將來的用法：

1.表示預(yù)見

Do you think it will rain?

You will feel better after a good rest.2.表示意圖

I will borrow a book from our school library tomorrow.What will she do tomorrow?

基本構(gòu)成如下：

一般疑問句構(gòu)成：

（1）will+主語+do…? Will Sarah come to visit me next Sunday?

（2）there be 結(jié)構(gòu)的一般疑問句：Will there + be …?

Will there be fewer trees? Yes, there will./ No, there won't

否定句構(gòu)成：will + not（won't）+do

Sarah won't come to visit me next Sunday.特殊疑問句構(gòu)成：

特殊疑問詞＋will＋主語＋…？What will Sarah do next Sunday?

根據(jù)例句，用will改寫下列各句

例：I don't feel well today.（be better tomorrow）

I'll be better tomorrow.1.Gina has six classes today.（have a lot of homework tonight）

_____________________________

2.I'm tired now.（sleep later）

_____________________________

3.My parents need a new car.（buy one soon）

_____________________________

4.We can't leave right now.（leave a little later）

_____________________________

5.The weather is awful today.（be better tomorrow）

_____________________________

答案：1.She'll have a lot of homework tonight.2.I'll sleep later.3.They'll buy one soon.4.We'll leave a little later.5.Maybe it'll be better tomorrow.