第一篇：高三英語復習教學案語法時態(tài)和語態(tài)

曹州一中高三英語復習教學案

（五）專題五 動詞時態(tài)和語態(tài)

一動詞時態(tài)概述及基本用法

一、時態(tài)中的一般體 【精華知識巨獻】

1一般體中的一般現(xiàn)在時、一般過去時分別表示現(xiàn)在、過去的經(jīng)常性、習慣性動作或表示現(xiàn)在、過去的狀態(tài)。所謂一般體表示不“進行”。It was Bob that broke the window(完成)。

We have meals three times a day.我們一日三餐。（現(xiàn)在的習慣）He is always ready to help others.他總是樂于助人。（現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)）When I was a boy,I often went to play in that park.在我小時候，常去那個公園玩。（過去的習慣）2一般現(xiàn)在時還可表示客觀真理、科學事實。The sun rises in the east.太陽從東方升起。

3一般現(xiàn)在時還可用在if,unless,even if引導的條件狀語從句，由when,before,until(till),as soon as,the moment,once引導的時間狀語從句，由no matter what/who/which/when/where/how或whatever,whoever,whichever,whenever,wherever,however引導的讓步狀語從句中，這時主句往往表將來（出現(xiàn)will/shall/can/must）或主句是祈使句。I'll go with you as soon as I finish my work.我一完成作業(yè)就跟你去?！狢an I join your club,Dad?

我可以參加你的俱樂部嗎？爸爸？ —You can when you get a bit older.當你長大點時你可以參加。

If city noises are not kept from increasing,people will have to shout to be heared even at the dinner table 20 years from now.如果城市的噪音不得以控制而上升的話，從現(xiàn)在算起，20年后人們在餐桌上吃飯時為了讓對方聽到自己也將不得不大聲地喊。Whatever you say,I will not change my mind.不論你說什么，我都不會改變我的想法。

4語境中的一般過去時往往表示“剛才，剛剛”之意，暗示現(xiàn)在已“不再這樣”。—Come in,Peter.I want to show you something.彼特，過來。我想給你件東西。

—Oh,how nice of you!I never thought you were going to bring me a gift.哦，你真好！我沒想到你會給我?guī)硪患Y物。Your phone number again?I didn't quite catch it.再說一遍你的電話號碼好嗎？我沒有聽清楚。5一般將來時的用法

（1）“will/shall+動詞原形”表示從現(xiàn)在看來以后要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)；事

物的固有屬性或必然趨勢。

Tom will come back next week.湯姆將在下周回來。

Fish will die without water.離開水，魚就會死。

（2）“be going to+動詞原形”多用在口語中，表示“計劃、打算、即將做某事”，此外，be going to還可表示根據(jù)現(xiàn)在的跡象對未來進行推斷。

He is going to speak on TV this evening.他計劃今晚到電視臺講話。Look at the dark clouds.It is going to rain.看這烏云，要下雨了。

（3）“be about to+動詞原形”表示立即的將來（immediate future）,因此，該句型不與具體的時間狀語連用，但可與when引導的時間狀語從句連用。

The train is about to start.火車就要開了。

（4）有些動詞如come,go,stay,arrive,leave,begin,start等，其一般現(xiàn)在時、現(xiàn)在進行時亦可表示按計劃、安排將來要發(fā)生的動作或狀態(tài)。

He comes here tonight.他打算今晚來這兒。

I arrive in Beijing at 3:00 p.m.Tomorrow.我明天下午3點到北京。

What are you doing next week?下周你打算做什么？（5）be to+動詞原形

①表示按計劃或安排要做的事。

When are you to leave for New York？你什么時候去紐約？ She is to get married next month.她下個月結婚。

這種結構也可用于過去。was/were to do sth.表示曾經(jīng)計劃做某事，但不表明計劃是否被執(zhí)行，或表示命運（即命中注定要發(fā)生的事）；was/were to have done sth.表示未曾實現(xiàn)的計劃。

I felt excited because I was soon to leave home for the first time.我感到很激動，因為我很快就要首次離開家了。We were to have told you,but you were not in.我們本來想告訴你的，但是你不在家。

②表示“指令”，相當于should,ought to,must,have to。What is to be done？應該怎么辦呢？

This medicine is to be taken three times a day.這種藥一天要服三次。The books in this room are not to be taken outside.（=The books in this room mustnt be taken outside.）這個房間里的書籍不得帶出室外。

③表示“想，打算”，相當于intend,want。

If we are to be there before ten,well have to go now.如果我們想在十點前到，我們現(xiàn)在就得走。④用于第一人稱疑問句，表示征求對方意見。Am I to go on with the work?要我繼續(xù)這項工作嗎？ What are we to do next？我們下一步該怎么辦？

⑤在與be to連用的結構中，see,find,congratulate的不定式的被動式有特殊的用法。The news is to be found in the evening paper.這條消息可以在晚報上見到。

He is nowhere to be seen.在哪里也見不到他。You are to be congratulated.應該向您表示祝賀。

二時態(tài)中的進行體

【精華知識巨獻】

1一個長動作作為背景，被一個短動作打斷，長動作往往用進行體，短動作用一般體。My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself.我弟弟騎自行車時從車子上摔了下來，傷了自己。

The students were writing busily when Miss Brown went to get a book she had left in the office.同學們在忙著寫作，這時布朗老師去取她忘在辦公室的書。Tom slipped into the house when no one was looking.當沒人注意的時候，湯姆溜進了那所房子。2表示動作的未完性、暫時性。

—Have you moved into the new house？

你搬進新房了嗎？

—Not yet.The rooms are being painted.還沒呢，房子還正在粉刷呢。（未完性）I dont really work here;I am just helping out until the new secretary arrives.我不是在此工作，我只是在幫忙，新秘書來了我就走。（暫時性）

Selecting a mobile phone for personal use is no easy task because technology is changing so rapidly.選手機供個人使用不是一件容易事因為技術變化太快。（“變化”尚未完成）

3表示按計劃、安排要做的事。

Ive won a holiday for two days to Florida.I am taking my mum.我獲得了一次去佛羅里達度兩天假的機會。我計劃帶著我媽媽去。（計劃）4表示現(xiàn)在或當時發(fā)展中的或正在進行的情況

I first met Lisa 3 years ago.She was working at a radio shop at that time.三年前我第一次見到莉薩，當時她正在一家賣收音機的商店工作。—Is this raincoat yours?這是你的雨衣嗎？ —No,mine is hanging there behind the door.不是，我的在門后掛著呢。

5表示反復出現(xiàn)的或習慣性的動作，往往含有贊賞、厭惡、遺憾等情緒，常與always,continually,constantly連用

He is always thinking of others first.他總是先想到他人。

He is always making the same mistake.他總是犯同一個錯誤。

三時態(tài)中的完成體

【精華知識巨獻】

一、現(xiàn)在完成時

1一個動作開始于過去，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在（也許還將持續(xù)下去）。表示從過去延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在并包括現(xiàn)在在內的一段時間的狀語有：

lately,recently,so far,for two years,since last year,in the last/past few years,since then.up to now等。

I have lived here since I was born.我從出生一直住在這里。

I have known him since then.我從那時就認識他了。

2一個發(fā)生在過去的事情對現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的影響。注意這時說話者說話的重心在過去的事情對現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的影響。常用狀語有already,just(剛剛)，yet,never,before等。He has turned off the light.(=The light is off now.)

他已經(jīng)關掉了燈。The concert has started.(=The concert is on now.)

會議已經(jīng)開始了。

I have already seen the film.(=I know the film now.)

我已經(jīng)看過這部電影了。3This/It is the first/second...time+that從句。that從句謂語要用現(xiàn)在完成時。This is the first time I have come here.這是我第一次來這里。4在條件、時間、讓步狀語從句中，表示將來某時以前已完成的動作。I will not believe you unless I have seen it with my own eyes.只有我親眼看到，我才會相信你的話。（強調“看完”）I will go with you as soon as I have finished my work.我干完了工作就和你一起去。（強調“干完”）

二、過去完成時

1一件事情發(fā)生在過去，而另外一件事情先于它（即表“過去的過去”），那么發(fā)生在前的事情的動詞須用過去完成時。這時時間狀語可用before等介詞 短語或一個時間狀語從句來表示，也可通過上下文來表示。

She had learned some English before she came to the institute.她在來學院前已學過一些英語。

He said that he had been abroad for 3 years.他說他在國外待了3年了。2表示從過去某一時間開始，一直延續(xù)到過去的另一時間的動作，常用的時間狀語有：by then,by that time,until,by the end of,before 2000,by the time+句子等。

By then he had learned English for 3 years.到那時，他已學了3年英語了。

Until then he had known nothing about it.到那時為止，他對此仍一無所知。3Hardly/Scarcely/Barely had...done...when...;No sooner had...done...than...,when和than從句里用一般過去時，表示“剛剛……就……”。

Hardly(No sooner)had I got home when(than)the rain poured down.我剛到家大雨就傾盆而下。

Hardly had we started when the car got a flat tyre.我們才剛剛開動，汽車的輪胎就漏氣了。

4It was/had been+一段時間+since從句。since從句中謂語動詞用過去完成時。

It was ten years since we had had such a wonderful time.我們十年沒這么高興了。

5That/It was the first/second...time+that從句。that從句謂語要用過去完成時。

It was the third time(that)he had made the same mistake.這是他第三次犯同樣的錯誤了。

That was the first time that I had passed the exam.那是我第一次考試及格。

6表示愿望、打算一類的詞，如：hope,expect,mean,intend,want,think,suppose等，其過去完成時表示過去未曾實現(xiàn)的愿望或意圖。

I had hoped to see more of Shanghai.我本希望在上海多看看。（但未能如愿）

I had meant to help you,but I was too busy at the moment.我本想幫你的，但當時確實太忙了。

I had thought you would come tomorrow.我原以為你明天才來呢。

三、將來完成時

將來完成時表示到將來某一時間，某一動作將會完成，常用的時間狀語為：by+將來的某個時間。

By this time of next year,all of you will have become college students.到明年的這個時候，你們大家就都成了大學生了。

四時態(tài)中的完成進行體 【精華知識巨獻】

現(xiàn)在完成進行時的用法：

現(xiàn)在完成進行時表示一個動作開始于過去，并持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，并強調現(xiàn)在還在進行。完成進行體是完成體和進行體的組合，因此，它具備完成體和進行體的一些因素，如：它具備進行體的“未完性、暫時性、感情色彩等”的特點。

He has been learning English for 6 years.他學習英語有6年了。（從過去某一時間開始學英語，強調到現(xiàn)在還在學）

It has been raining for 3 days.雨已經(jīng)下了3天了。（強調說話者“抱怨”的感情色彩）

五

主動與被動

【精華知識巨獻】

一、被動語態(tài)

（一）被動語態(tài)的構成

英語中的及物動詞一般都有主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)兩種形式。主動語態(tài)是無標志的，而被動語態(tài)則是有標志的。被動語態(tài)由助動詞be加動詞的過去分詞構成。助動詞 be隨著主語的人稱、數(shù)、時態(tài)和語氣的不同而變化。被動語態(tài)的各種時態(tài)形式見下表：

時 體

〖〗現(xiàn)在is/am/are done 〖〗過去was/were done 〖〗將來will/shall be done〖〗would/should be done 〖〗進行is/am/are being done〖〗was/were being done 〖〗完成〖〗have/has been done〖〗had been done 〖〗將來完成(will/shall have been done)〖〗(would/should have been done)

（二）被動語態(tài)的用法

1不知道誰是動作的執(zhí)行者，或沒有必要指明誰是動作的執(zhí)行者。如：

—George and Lucy got married last week.Did you go to their wedding？

—No,I hadnt been invited.Did they have a big wedding?

—The window is dirty.—I know.It hasnt been cleaned for weeks.2需要強調或突出動作的承受者或事件本身。如：

All the employees except the manager are encouraged to work online at home.3在文章標題、廣告、新聞中。如：

Girls wanted.招女工。

Millions of pounds worth of damage has been caused by a storm which swept across the north of England last night.4當動作的執(zhí)行者不是人時。如：

The number of deaths from heart disease will be reduced greatly if people are persuaded to eat more fruit and vegetables.（三）注意短語動詞含有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)

That old man was often laughed at.那位老人常受人嘲笑。

The plan will be given up.那計劃就要被放棄了。

Bad habits have been done away with.壞習慣已經(jīng)改掉了。

（在短語動詞的被動結構中，切不可丟掉后面的介詞或副詞）

He must be prevented from going.必須阻止他去。

The plan ought to be put into practice as soon as possible.計劃必須盡早執(zhí)行。

（含有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)的謂語結構是：情態(tài)動詞+be+過去分詞）

（四）get+過去分詞可以表示被動，此結構比較口語化

She got married last week.她上周結婚了。

The patient got treated once a week.那位病人一周得到一次治療。

He fell off the car and got killed.他從車上掉下來，摔死了。

二、主動形式表被動意義

系動詞look,sound,feel,smell,taste,appear,seem,go,prove,turn,stay,become，fall,get,grow,keep+形容詞/名詞構成系表結構。如：

The steel feels cold.His plan proved(to be)practical.It has gone bad.（二）表示開始、結束、運動的動詞，如：begin,finish,start,open,close,stop,end,shut,run,move等。如：

Work began at 7 oclock this morning.The shop closes at 6 p.m.every day.（三）表示主語的某種屬性特征的動詞，如： read,write,act,iron,cut,draw,drive,sell,wash,clean,wear,open,cook，lock,shut,dry,eat,drink。這類動詞一般不單獨使用，常有一個修飾語。如：

This coat dries easily.這種外衣容易干。

Nylon cleans easily.尼龍容易洗干凈。

Food can keep fresh in a fridge.食物在冰箱里能保鮮。

Your speech reads well.你的演說講得很好。

This material has worn thin.這個材料已經(jīng)磨薄了。

The match wont catch.火柴擦不著。

The plan worked out wonderfully.這計劃制定得很好。

The engine wont start.引擎發(fā)動不起來。

（四）少數(shù)動詞用于進行時，其主動形式表示被動含義，如：print,cook,fry,hang,build,make。如：

The books are printing.這本書正在排印中。

The meat is cooking.肉在煮。

（五）介詞in,on,under等+名詞構成介詞短語表被動意義 表示方位的介詞與含動作意義的名詞合用，含被動之意，其意義相當于該名詞相應動詞的被動形式，名詞前一般不用冠詞。常見的有：under control(受控制),under treatment（在治療中），under repair(在修理中)，under discussion（在討論中），under construction(在施工中)，beyond belief(令人難以置信),beyond ones reach(鞭長莫及)，beyond ones control(無法控制),beyond our hope（我們始料不及），for sale(出售)，for rent(出租)，in print（在印刷中）,in sight(在視野范圍內)，on sale(出售)，on show(展出)，on trial(受審)，out of control（失控），out of sight（超出視線之外），out of ones reach（夠不著），out of fashion（不流行）。如： The rumor is beyond belief(=cant be believed).His honest character is above all praise.（=His honest character cannot be praised enough.）

Today some treasures are on show(=are being shown)in the museum.（六）不能用于被動語態(tài)的及物動詞或動詞短語：fit,have,wish,cost,agree

with,arrive at/in,shake hands with,succeed in,suffer from,happen to,take part in,walk into,belong to等。如：

This key just fits the lock.Your story agrees with what had already been heard.六

疑難、易錯點

【精華知識巨獻】

一、動詞時態(tài)易混點

1一般過去時和現(xiàn)在完成時的用法區(qū)別

（1）一般過去時所表示的一個或一段過去時間是可以具體確定的，與其他時間沒有牽連。它所表示的事情純屬過去，與現(xiàn)在情況沒有聯(lián)系?，F(xiàn)在完成時表示的事情發(fā)生在不能具體指出的以前的過去某個或某段時間。它所表示的事情與現(xiàn)在情況有關系，是過去事情在現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的結果或對現(xiàn)在的影響。

（2）比較下面幾組句子，體會兩種時態(tài)的不同：

He served in the army from 1952 to 1954.(這是過去的一件事)He has served in the army for 5 years.（現(xiàn)在他仍在軍中服役，他仍是軍人）

He wrote many plays when he was at college.（寫劇本是他過去做的事情）

He has written many plays.（這意味著他是劇作家）

I saw Hero last year.（看《英雄》的時間是去年，與現(xiàn)在無關）

I have seen Hero before.（強調現(xiàn)在知道這部電影的內容。以前看過，但“以前”是表示一個與現(xiàn)在有聯(lián)系的過去時間，而不是一個確定的與現(xiàn)在無關的過去時間）

2一般過去時和過去完成時的用法區(qū)別

（1）一般過去時是對現(xiàn)在說話時刻而言的，過去完成時則是對過去某一時刻而 言。兩種時態(tài)建立的時間參照點不同，對過去完成時來說，這個時間參照點十分重要，它是過去完成概念以建立的基礎，也是和一般過去時相區(qū)別的重要標準。

（2）過去完成時的時間狀語常用by和before引導的短語表示，如：by that time,by

the end of,before 2000,by the time+句子等。3過去完成時與現(xiàn)在完成時的用法區(qū)別

（1）兩種時態(tài)都常與表示一段時間的狀語連用，但現(xiàn)在完成時表示的是延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在或同現(xiàn)在有關的動作（句中不可有表示過去特定時間的狀語），而過去完成時表示的是在過去某時之前已經(jīng)完成或延續(xù)到過去某時的動作（句中有表示過去特定時間的狀語）。（2）比較下面的說法

She had been ill for a week before she came back.（回來發(fā)生在過去某一時間，生病發(fā)生在過去的過去）

She has been ill for a week.(現(xiàn)在仍然病著)4現(xiàn)在完成進行時與現(xiàn)在完成時的區(qū)別

現(xiàn)在完成進行時可以與時間狀語連用，也可以不用時間狀語。這一點與現(xiàn)在完成時不同?，F(xiàn)在完成時通常與時間狀語，如:since,ever since,for three months,just,already,yet等連用。現(xiàn)在完成進行時通常與all the(this)morning/afternoon/day/month或the whole day等連用。試對比以下各例：

I have been working on the experiment report this morning,but I havent

completed it yet.我今天一上午都在寫實驗報告，可是到現(xiàn)在也沒寫完。

They have been repairing the broken road.他們一直在維修那條被損壞的道路。（可能是剛歇息下來，也可能還在修）

They have already repaired the broken road.他們把路修完了。（動作已經(jīng)結束）

現(xiàn)在完成進行時表示一種不間斷的持續(xù)性行為。如果表示一個重復動作，或者表示動作做過的次數(shù)時，不能用現(xiàn)在完成進行時。如：

Ive been writing letters since breakfast.Ive written to him three times,but I havent heard from him up till now.二、固定句式易混點

1This/It is the first/second...time+that從句。that從句一般用現(xiàn)在完成時，如果把前邊的is改為was,則that從句用過去完成時。如：

This is the first time I have come here.It was the third time(that)he had made the same mistake.2It is/has been+一段時間+since從句。since從句中一般用過去時，如果將前邊的is改為was,則since從句中用過去完成時。如：

It was ten years since we had had such a wonderful time.3be about to do...when...意為“即將……（這時）突然……”。如：

I was about to go out when the telephone rang.4be(was/were)+doing...when...意為“正在干……（這時）突然……”。如：

They were reading when Tom shouted in pain.5Hardly had...done...when...；No sooner had...done...than...when和than從句里用一般過去時，表示“剛剛……就……”。如：

Hardly(No sooner)had I got home when(than)the rain poured down.我剛到家大雨就傾盆而下了。6It+be+一段時間+before從句

這個句式分兩種情況：如果主句用將來時，則從句用一般現(xiàn)在時表將來時，意為多長時間以后即將發(fā)生某事；如果主句用過去時，從句也用過去時，意為多長時間后發(fā)生了某事。如：

It wont be long before he succeeds.（=He will succeed soon.）

三、would與used to用法異同點

1would與used to都可用來表示過去經(jīng)常性或習慣性的動作，常?？梢該Q用。如：When we were boys we used to/would go swimming every summer.小時候，每到夏天我們都要去游泳。

He used to/would spend every penny he earned on books.過去，他通常把掙來的錢全花在買書上。

2would之后要接表示動作的動詞，不接表示認識或狀態(tài)的動詞，而used to則無此限制。如：I used to like football when I was at middle school.我上中學的時候，喜歡足球。

He used to be nervous in the exam.他過去在考試中常常緊張。3would表示反復發(fā)生的動作。如果某一動作沒有反復性，就不能用would,只能用used to。如：

And from that day on,as soon as the table was cleared and the dishes were gone,mother would disappear into her sewing room to practice.從那天起，只要碗盤撤掉、飯桌清理干凈，媽媽就馬上躲進做針線活的房間練習起來。（具有反復性）

I used to live in Beijing.我過去住在北京。（沒有反復性）

4used to表示過去經(jīng)常性或習慣性的動作或狀態(tài)，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)結束（含有較強的“今非昔比”的意思），would則只表示說話者對過去的一種回想心情，有可能再發(fā)生。如：

People used to believe that the earth was flat.過去，人們總以為地球是平的。（現(xiàn)在已不再這樣認為）He would go to the park as soon as he was free.過去，他一有空就去公園。（現(xiàn)在有可能再去）

第二篇：英語時態(tài)語態(tài)

英語時態(tài)語態(tài)、主謂一致練習

l.Last week two engineers_______ to help solve the technical problems of the project.A)have sent

B)were sent

C)sent

D)had sent 2.She was quite sure that she _____ the door before she left the office.A)will lock

B)would lock

C)has locked

D)had locked 3.Now the air pollution in this city _____ more and more serious with each passing day.A)to become

B)became

C)becoming

D)is becoming 4.Since the new technology was introduced last month, we________ in speeding up production.A)succeed

B)succeeded

C)have succeeded

D)will succeed 5.By the time you get to the office I _______ all the documents for the meeting.A)was preparing

B)prepared

C)had prepared

D)will have prepared 6.As he _______to submit the accounting report before 4:30 pm, the assistant hurried to Mr.Smith's office.A)was required

B)had required

C)requires

D)required 7.The team is going out to hold a party tomorrow after it______ the project.A)completes

B)completed

C)will complete

D)will have completed 8.By the end of next year, I ____ for the company for 10 years.A)work

B)am working

C)had worked

D)will have worked 9.According to the time table, the train for Beijing ______ at 9:10 p.m.from Monday to Friday.A)was leaving

B)is leaving

C)leaves

D has left 10.We don't have to hurry as the bus _____ for London at five in the evening.A)leaves

B)left

C)has been leaving

D)has left

第三篇：2014高三英語一輪語法練習(6)動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)范文

（6）動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)

1．(2012·唐山質檢)—What's that terrible noise,David?

—Oh,I forgot to tell you.The new machines in the nearby plant________.A．were testedB．will be tested

C．a(chǎn)re being testedD．have been tested

2．(2012·煙臺檢測)The attackers were arrested and didn't know where they________.A．would takeB．a(chǎn)re taken

C．were being takenD．will be taken

3．(2012·南京調研)People begin to know that most environmental problems exist because necessary measures for preventing them________ taken in the past.A．a(chǎn)re notB．were not

C．hadn't beenD．wouldn't be

4．(2012·淮陽檢測)—Monitor?

—I'm not monitor of our class.I________ with the teacher until the monitor is elected.A．will just helpB．a(chǎn)m just to help

C．a(chǎn)m just helpingD．have just helped

5．(2012·南京檢測)—I hear you________ at Smith's.—Yes,I________ there for about three months.A．work;had been working

B．worked;was working

C．a(chǎn)re working;have been working

D．worked;have worked

6．(2012·徐州調研)—Why didn't you come to the cinema with us last Saturday?

—Oh,sorry.But I________ the film.A．seeB．saw

C．have seenD．had seen

7．A big step ________ to strengthen China health care systems since we launched an effort in 2008.A．has been takenB．is being taken

C．was takenD．had been taken

8．(2012·汕頭模擬)I have been on diet for months and next time you see me,I ________ five pounds.A．will have lostB．will lose

C．have lostD．a(chǎn)m losing

9．(2012·啟東模擬)—Are you going to further your studies after graduation?

—Well,I________ yet.I might make some other choices.A．didn't decideB．haven't decided

C．don't decideD．hadn't decided

10．(2012·信陽質檢)Mary,I should tell you it is the third time that you________ your homework.A．forgot to doB．forgot doingC．have forgotten to doD．had forgotten doing

11．—We thought he would have won the game.—What a pity！He ________ too nervous when playing.A．had beenB．has been

C．wasD．would have been

12．(2012·長春質檢)—When did you move to Sanya?

—In 2008.But I________ in Tibet for 8 years.A．has workedB．has been worked

C．have been workingD．worked

13．—Can you give some advice on what I said just now?

—Sorry.My mind ________.A．is wanderingB．was wandering

C．has wanderedD．has wandered

14．(2012·荊門二模)—Look！What a mistake！Why?

—Sorry,I________ on it.A．don't concentrate

B．hadn't concentrated

C．haven't been concentrating

D．wasn't concentrating

15．(2012·大連二模)After moving for a while, the driver realized that he ________ in the wrong direction.A．is drivingB．was driving

C．droveD．would drive

16．(2012·南京調研)—Jim, can you get in touch with Peter?

—I'm sorry, but I ________ his telephone number.A．don't knowB．didn't know

C．haven't knowD．won't know

17．—That must have been a challenging examination.—Yes.It ________ me half a year to get ready for it.A．takesB．took

C．has takenD．was taking

18．(2012·漳州模擬)—Mike left the airport two minutes ago.—Oh, can you tell me when he ________ home?

A．getsB．will get

C．gotD．has got

19．(2012·淮陽月考)With the sharp drop of the share prices all around the world, some economists predicted that the second economic crisis ________ soon.A．cameB．has come

C．would comeD．had come

20．(2012·深圳調研)The famous writer ________ in a coal mine for 15 years.When he was 36, a person was to change his life.A．has workedB．had worked

C．workedD．works解析：考查動詞的時態(tài)。根據(jù)問句中的What's that terrible noise 可知,這里應該用進行時態(tài),噪音是機器正在被檢測時發(fā)出的,所以用現(xiàn)在進行時的被動語態(tài)。

答案：C解析：句意為：襲擊者被捕了,他們不知道正被帶往何處。根據(jù)didn't know 可知,空格處也應該用過去的某種時態(tài),所以B、D不正確;根據(jù)句意可知此處用被動語態(tài),故選C。

答案：C解析：句意為：人們開始了解到由于在過去沒有采取必要的預防措施從而造成了大多數(shù)的環(huán)境問題。in the past暗示出用過去時態(tài);hadn't been 指在一個過去的動作或時間之前發(fā)生的事情;wouldn't be 表過去將來,故B項正確。

答案：B解析：考查時態(tài)。下句意為：我只是在幫助老師,直到選出班長為止。根據(jù)上下句語意可知,此處用現(xiàn)在進行時,表示答話者當時所處的狀態(tài)。

答案：C解析：本題考查時態(tài)。聽說你正在Smith's 上班,因此應該使用現(xiàn)在進行時態(tài);我在那里已經(jīng)工作大約三個月了(可能還會持續(xù)下去),因此需要使用現(xiàn)在完成進行時態(tài)。

答案：C解析：考查動詞的時態(tài)。由語意可知,這個電影在上周六(last Saturday)之前就已經(jīng)看過了,也就是說動作發(fā)生在“過去的過去”,因此應該用過去完成時。

答案：D解析：考查時態(tài)。since(自從)所在的從句用了一般過去時,主句一般用現(xiàn)在完成時。

答案：A解析：本題考查動詞時態(tài)。句意為：我已經(jīng)減肥好幾個月了,等下次再見我時,我就會輕五磅。根據(jù)語境知句子要用將來完成時,故A項正確。

答案：A解析：本題考查動詞時態(tài)。從答語：也許還有別的打算可知,目前還沒有做出決定,故用現(xiàn)在完成時。答案：B解析：考查時態(tài)和非謂語動詞?！癐t is(was)the＋序數(shù)詞＋time＋that從句”,表示“是某人第幾次做某事”,在此句型中,若前面為it is,則that 從句用現(xiàn)在完成時,若前面為it was,則that 從句用過去完成時;而forget to do sth.表示忘了應去做某事,forget doing sth.表示忘了已做過某事。根據(jù)語意可知此題應選C。

答案：C解析：考查動詞時態(tài)。句意為：他當時太緊張了。答語是對過去事實的陳述,用一般過去時。答案：C解析：考查時態(tài)。由題干可知答話人在2008年搬到三亞之前曾在西藏工作過8年,敘述的是過去的事實,故應用一般過去時。

答案：D解析：考查動詞的時態(tài)。從語境可知“剛才你說話的時候,我走神了”,此處強調“過去某個時刻正在進行”的狀態(tài),所以用過去進行時,答案選B項。

答案：B解析：考查時態(tài)。此處表示的是在說話之前的那段時間內沒有專心,因此用過去進行時。

答案：D解析：考查時態(tài)。用過去進行時態(tài)表示過去某段時間正在發(fā)生的事情。司機意識到他正開往錯誤的方向。

答案：B解析：考查時態(tài)。此處強調目前的狀況,故用一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)。

答案：A解析：考查時態(tài)。句中的must have been表示的是對過去情況的肯定推測,可推斷考試發(fā)生在過去,故用一般過去時態(tài)。

答案：B解析：考查時態(tài)。when引導一個賓語從句,根據(jù)語意可知此處講的是將來的事情,故用一般將來時態(tài)。

答案：B解析：考查時態(tài)。根據(jù)時間狀語soon可知此處用將來時態(tài),本句的主句謂語動詞為一般過去時態(tài),故此處應用過去將來時態(tài)。

答案：C解析：考查動詞的時態(tài)。根據(jù)語意可以判斷此處描述的是過去發(fā)生的事情,故用一般過去時態(tài)。此處不強調一個動作對另一個動作的影響或動作的先后順序,不用過去完成時。

答案：C

第四篇：高三英語語法復習教案-動詞時態(tài)語態(tài)

高三英語語法復習教案-動詞時態(tài)語態(tài) 【時態(tài)的基本概念】

時態(tài)是表示謂語動作時間概念的動詞形式。英語中的時態(tài)專指謂語動詞而言，不同時間概念的謂語動作有不同的時態(tài)，每一個時態(tài)又有各自不同的動詞形式。高中階段要求學生熟練掌握八種時態(tài)，此外現(xiàn)在完成進行時在高中教材中反復出現(xiàn)，也應列入“應知應會”的范圍。

1.一般現(xiàn)在時：經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動作或規(guī)律性的動作。

Each person needs water and a diet of healthy food.(P.2, Senior Book1B)The moon travels round the earth once every month.(P.8, Senior Book2B)在時間狀語從句和條件狀語從句中，用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來的概念。引起時間狀語從句的連詞有：when, after, before, until, as soon as；引起條件狀語從句的連詞有：if, unless;so(as)long as。

I will not stop my fight against slavery until all slaves are free.(P.52, Senior Book1A)2.一般過去時：過去發(fā)生過了的動作，這個動作的全過程已經(jīng)結束。諸如yesterday, last… …ago都是典型的一般過去時的時間狀語。

Fortunately, I was in time for the interview.(P.34, Senior Book2B)The interview went well and I told the company about my experiences and answered their questions as honestly as I could.(P.34, Senior Book2B)3.一般將來時：將要發(fā)生的動作。----It's a bit windy today, isn't it?----Yes, it is.Hopefully tomorrow will turn out fine.(P.43, senior Book2B)Besides, you will not find coral near the mouths of rivers either because the river water has too much soil in it or because it is polluted.(P.20, Senior Book2B)Do you think our manager is going to have a new factory built?(P.24, Senior Book2B)4.現(xiàn)在進行時：說話時正在發(fā)生的動作。

I'm doing a word puzzle in this newspaper.I'm trying to find the name of a famous person.Can you help me?(P.1, Senior Book2B)現(xiàn)在進行時同always配合使用時，帶有厭惡、批評，不喜歡等感情色彩。

They also have bad teeth, because of the sugar which they are always eating.(P.3, Senior Book1B)5.過去進行時:過去某一時間或某段時間正在進行的動作。

He bought a coffee and as the train was traveling fast and moving from side to side , he decided to drink it there and not to carry it back to his seat.(P.32, Senior Book2B)Over 500 people were working in the building when the fire broke out on the 11th floor.(P.6, Senior Book1B)6.現(xiàn)在完成時：與現(xiàn)在有聯(lián)系的過去的動作。

Mr.Ball has just called on Mrs.Zhu to give her a message.(P.13, Senior Book2B)同現(xiàn)在的聯(lián)系是：“剛剛探訪了朱夫人，給她帶了口信”，這件事距現(xiàn)在時間很近，沒有多長時間。

We shall have to make a decision about Ms King, whose story I have just told you.(P.19, Senior Book1B)同現(xiàn)在的聯(lián)系是：現(xiàn)在你們已經(jīng)知道有關她的經(jīng)歷，不會影響做出決定。

7.過去完成時：比過去的一個參照動作或時間更早的動作，作為參照的過去的動作或時間有時在句子中直接表述出來，有時通過上下文暗示。Her parents were dead and had left her a lot of money.(P.14, Senior Book2B)本句中had left her a lot of money 發(fā)生在her parents were dead之前，比較容易看出“過去的過去”，應該不會產(chǎn)生理解上的困難。

Einstein had always been fond of music and had learnt music as a young boy.(P.3, Senior Book2B)課文一直在敘述愛因斯坦的經(jīng)歷、成就，使用的都是一般過去時。或者我們可以說一般過去時是課文的基礎時態(tài)。課文的最后又倒敘愛因斯坦少年時代的事情，這是比基礎時態(tài)一般過去時更早的動作，因此兩個并列的謂語動詞都用過去完成時。在這類句子中，作為參照的動作或時間需要我們通過對文章的整體理解才能體會出來。

8.過去將來時：以過去某一時間為參照，將要發(fā)生的動作。在賓語從句中由于時態(tài)呼應的要求，經(jīng)常會用到過去將來時。

I thought it was going to be fun.(P.54, Senior Book1A)針對 I thought 這個過去的動作而言的將來。

9.現(xiàn)在完成進行時： 由過去開始，延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在并且可能繼續(xù)進行的動作?，F(xiàn)在完成進行時在句子中一般可以翻譯成“一直┉”。

People have been talking of it a lot recently.(P.25, Senior Book2B)最近人們一直在大量地談論這件事。

Pippa's parents have been waiting for them.(P.61, Senior Book2A)Pippa的父母一直在等他們。

For years we have been dreaming better housing and jobs.(P.37, Senior Book2B)多年來我們一直夢想著更好的住房和工作。【相關知識及運用】

1.一般過去時、現(xiàn)在完成時、過去完成時的區(qū)別。

上述三個時態(tài)在使用中容易混淆是因為他們有相近的地方，這個相近之處就是“過去”。現(xiàn)在完成時和過去完成時的概念都同“過去”有關，彼此之間的混淆便由此產(chǎn)生。只有抓住他們的不同，才能熟練地將這三種時態(tài)區(qū)別開。①一般過去時只用以陳述過去發(fā)生過的事情。

In a poor district in Paris, in the year 1775, there was a wine shop, the owner of which was Monsieur Defarge.(P.56, Senior Book2B)向讀者陳述1775年所發(fā)生的故事的地點、人物等有關信息。②現(xiàn)在完成時表達的動作雖然發(fā)生在過去，但說話時要強調的是這個過去的動作與現(xiàn)在有關系，語意的重心著眼于現(xiàn)在。這種過去的動作同現(xiàn)在的聯(lián)系有兩種情況： a)過去的動作對現(xiàn)在仍具有影響。

----Would you go to see the film with me this evening?----Sorry, I have seen it before.have seen the film的動作肯定發(fā)生在過去，對現(xiàn)在的影響是“我不想和你去看了”。b)過去的動作延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在。表示這種延續(xù)時經(jīng)常會用到for、since一類時間狀語。I have worked in Beijing since I graduated from the university.(從畢業(yè)一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在)We have lived in Beijing for about 20 years.(20年前發(fā)生的 “l(fā)ive”，一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在)③過去完成時必須有一個過去的動作作為參照點，由此發(fā)生了同一般過去時混淆的問題。過去完成時是一種相對的時態(tài)，它必須有一個過去的動作為參照，比這個過去的參照動作更早的動作才能用過去完成時。如果沒有這個過去的參照的動作，就沒有過去完成時，即使是一億年前的動作也是一般過去時。

When I got to the cinema, the film had begun.got to the cinema是過去的動作，had begun則發(fā)生在got to the cinema 之前。進行時態(tài)的兩種概念

現(xiàn)在進行時和過去進行時都具有兩種不同的時間概念：瞬間概念和階段概念。

①現(xiàn)在進行時的瞬間概念就是“說話的時候”。表示瞬間概念時，現(xiàn)在進行時的時態(tài)特點是，動作已經(jīng)開始，正在過程中，但尚未結束。

基于這一特點，下列句子通常用現(xiàn)在進行時，以表達動作沒有結束。Our country is getting stronger and stronger.I'm getting on well with my English.過去進行時的瞬間概念通常用表示“點時間”的時間狀語表達出來。I was doing my homework this time yesterday.Mother was cooking when I came home.②階段概念的時間狀語是“段時間”，表示在一段時間內一直在做的動作，至于動作是否結束則不是說話者所關心的。

He is writing a new novel these days.這些天他一直在寫一本新小說。（沒有干其他的事情）The workers were building a bridge last year.這些工人們去年一直在修建一座橋。2.將來時的五種動詞形式

1.will(shall)+動詞原形，用以表示“預見”和“主觀意圖” Go through the gate and you will find the entrance to Bear Country on the other side.(P1, Senior Book2A)（表示“預見”）

Let's go together then.I will meet you at the theatre at six-thirty.(P.19, Senior Book2A)

(表示“主觀意圖)2.be going to + 動詞原形，用以表示”打算做某事“或”已經(jīng)有跡象將要發(fā)生的情況。I'm going to cut this tree down.(P.25, Senior Book1B)It is going to rain.(有跡象表明將要下雨)3.be to +動詞原形，用以表示按照計劃、安排即將發(fā)生的動作或表示命令、禁止。

The message is this: you are to go to the hotel where rooms have already been booked for you.(P.33, Senior Book2B)4.will be doing，在當代英語中用以表示純粹的將來。Who will be taking over her job? Everybody else will be wearing jewellery.(P.13, Senior Book1B)5.用進行時的動詞形式表示將來的概念。這種用法通常僅限于瞬間動詞，因為瞬間動詞不可能有“進行”的概念，所以不會產(chǎn)生歧義。

How many of you are making the trip?(P.9, Senior Book1B)Is anybody seeing you off?(P.13 Senior Book1A)

【語態(tài)的基本概念】 語態(tài)是表示主語、謂語和賓語之間相互關系的動詞形式。在英語中有主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)之分。

主動語態(tài)所表達的主、謂、賓之間的關系是：主語發(fā)出或執(zhí)行謂語動作，謂語動作的對象或承受者為賓語。即主語同謂語具有語意上的邏輯關系，謂語同賓語具有語意上的邏輯關系。被動語態(tài)所表達的關系是：動作的承受者做句子的主語，這時句子的主語和謂語之間具有邏輯上的動賓關系。Satellites for broadcasting are used to send radio and TV programmes from one part of the world to another.(P.8, Senior Book2B)謂語動詞use同主語satellites for broadcasting具有邏輯動賓關系，因此使用被動語態(tài)。我們可以將這個句子恢復成正常的主、謂、賓關系：

We use satellites for broadcasting to send radio and TV programmes from one part of the world to another.【相關知識及運用】

1.被動語態(tài)的動詞形式問題： 在語言實踐中，語態(tài)和時態(tài)總是結合在一起使用，每一個時態(tài)都有同它相對應的被動語態(tài)形式。

被動語態(tài)的基本形式：語態(tài)助動詞be + 過去分詞。

凡需進行時態(tài)變化時，只將be 變?yōu)榕c其相應的時態(tài)形式，過去分詞永遠不變。

動詞do 的時態(tài)、語態(tài)形式變化對照表

主動語態(tài) 被動語態(tài)

一般現(xiàn)在時 do(does)am(is, are)+ done 一般過去時 did was(were)+ done 一般將來時 will(shall)do will be + done 現(xiàn)在進行時 am(is are)doing am(is,are)being+done 過去進行時 was(were)doing was(were)being+done 現(xiàn)在完成時 have(has)done have(has)been+done 過去完成時 had done had been+done 過去將來時 would do would be + done 現(xiàn)在完成進行時 have(has)been doing 沒有被動形式 過去完成進行時 Had been doing 沒有被動形式

Many of them are well received, such as Follow Me;Follow Me to Science.(P.46, Senior Book1A)Ships and planes can be warned so that they can keep out of the path of the hurricane.(P.9, Senior Book2B)They are already being used in agriculture and industry.(P.26, Senior Book2B)Computer will be used more and more in transport.(P.26, Senior Book2B)A new government programme has been designed to help disabled people.(P.46, Senior Book2B)2.高考試題實例分析 直接考查時態(tài)、語態(tài)知識的試題主要體現(xiàn)在單項選擇和改錯兩個題型中，而且?guī)缀趺磕甓紩嫉剑虼吮仨殞r態(tài)、語態(tài)問題作為復習的重點內容，務求達到深刻理解，熟練運用。近年來高考命題的特點是，在特定的語言環(huán)境中考查對時態(tài)、語態(tài)的理解。試題的意圖往往隱蔽、迂回，迷惑項的設計技巧很高，容易干擾考生的思維。如果沒有對時態(tài)概念的深刻理解，沒有對語言應用環(huán)境的綜合分析，便會對試題感到困惑。下列試題可以幫助我們領悟高考命題的趨勢。例1：

Selecting a mobile phone for personal use is no easy task because technology ______ so rapidly.（2001年高考試題）

A.is changing

B.has changed

C.will have changed

D.will change 答案為A。試題沒有把考查的意圖定位于對時態(tài)概念的簡單理解，考生必須對現(xiàn)在進行時的本質特征----動作尚未完成，仍在過程中----有深刻的理解，否則將思路僅僅局限在“正在變化”、“已經(jīng)變化”或“將要變化”，難于得出正確的結論。例2：

I ______ ping-pong quite well, but haven't had time to play since the new year.（2001年高考試題）

A.will play

B.have played

C.played

D.play 答案為D。but 分句使用現(xiàn)在完成時，將談話的時間概念限定在“當前”。如果選C，前一分句說“過去”，后一分句說“現(xiàn)在”，不合邏輯。本句的意思是說“乒乓球一向打得好，只是最近一段時間沒有打”，“乒乓球打得好”是一種技能，選用一般現(xiàn)在時，是“經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動作”這一概念的擴展和延伸。例3：

----You haven't said a word about my new coat, Brenda.Do you like it?---I'm sorry I ______ anything about it sooner.I certainly think it's pretty on you.（2002年高考試題）

A.wasn't saying

B.don't say

C.won't say

D.didn't say 答案為D。sorry的原因是早先沒有說到這件事，因此必須用一般過去時。例4：

The price ______, but I doubt whether it will remain so.（1999年高考試題）

A.went down

B.will go down

C.has gone down

D.was going down 答案為 C。目前價格的狀況已經(jīng)低下來，至于“價格下降”始于何時同談話的內容無關。試題意在考查對“過去的動作對現(xiàn)在的影響”的理解。

時態(tài)語態(tài)基礎訓練1 I.用所給動詞的適當?shù)倪^去時或將來時的形式填充。

1.Let's keep to the point or we ______ never_______(reach)any decisions.2.My mind wasn't on what he was saying, so I'm afraid I______(miss)half of it.3.I don't think Jim saw me;he _____ just ______(start)into space.4.I ____(ask)you not to move my dictionary--now I can't find it.5.Sales of CDs have greatly increased since the early 1990s, when people ______(begin)to enjoy the advantages of this new technology.6.--George and Lucy got married last week.Did you go to their wedding?

--No, I ______ ______ ______(invite).Did they have a big wedding?

7.Shirley _____(write)a book about China last year but I don't know whether she has finished it.8.John and I have been friends for eight years.We first got to know each other at a Christmas party.But we _____ ______(see)each other a couple of times before that.9.His wife _____ ______(hope)to catch the first train but she was too late.10.I _____ ______(catch)in the heavy rain on the way to the cinema.11.I found the sentence _____ ______(not read)smoothly.12.What he had said at the meeting _____(prove)true.13.---Did you see Tom at the party?

---No.He _____ _____(leave)by the time I arrived.14.---How time flies!It's already 10 o'clock.---Oh, I _____ _____(not realize)it at all.15.---I'm sorry that I shouldn't have been so rude to you.---You did_____(lose)your temper but that's OK.II.用所給動詞的適當?shù)倪^去時或將來時的形式確翻譯下列各句 ：

1.The thief tried to break away from the policeman who _____ _____(一直抓著)him but failed.2.--What were you doing when Tony phoned you?

--I had just finished my work and ____ _____(正準備開始)to take a shower.3.--You were out when I dropped in at your house.--Oh, I_____ _____(在等候)for a friend from England at the airport.4.---Why haven't you asked her to come here?

---She ________(正在做工)an important experiment when I found her and she hasn't finished it.5.---What were you up to when she dropped in?

---I_____ _____(剛玩了一會兒)for a while and _____ _____ _____ _____(正打算看書)some reading.6.Turn on the television or open a magazine and you ______often_____(會看到)advertisement showing happy families.7.---What place is it?---Haven't you seen that we are back where we _____(回到了原地)? 8.---Tomorrow is my birthday.I'd like you and Jane to come.---I'm not sure if she _____ _____(將)free.9.The crazy fans ______ _____ ______(一直在等)patiently for two hours and they would wait till the movie star arrived.10.You_______ _______(要求你ask)not to move the desk--now it is broken.時態(tài)語態(tài)基礎訓練2 1.By the time I saw the angry expression in his face, I _____ exactly what I was having to face.But not for a moment _______ I should quit.A.had known;I thought

B.have known;had I thought

C.would know;I would think

D.knew;did I think 2.In such a fierce competition, a person h as to make every effort if he _____.A.has succeeded

B.is to succeed

C.should succeed

D.will succeed 3.The man opened his eyes and moved his lips, as if ______ that he had something to tell the doctor.A.saying

B.having said

C.to say

D.to have said 4.It should be 302.But I hear that it _____ till tomorrow.A.was put off

B.will put off

C.has been put off

D.is put off 5.The University of Tokyo is the oldest university in Japan and has always been in the lead when it comes to ____ new challenges.A.be faced

B.face

C.facing

D.faced 6.In fact, more and more people _____ to live a greener, healthier and more environmentally “green life”.A.chose

B.choose

C.are choosing

D.have chosen 7.Our car _____ at the present speed until it reaches Qingdao at about nine o'clock tonight.A.went

B.is going

C.goes

D.will be going 8.China is _____ to______ continued help to Iraq in its reconstruction.A.willingly;give

B.willing;giving

C.willing;offer

D.will;offering 9.I ________, but I can't leave until I finish typing all the letters.A.had planned to

B.planned to

C.am still planning to

D.was still planning to

10.Unfortunately, when we dropped in, Doctor Li _______ for Indonesia to rescue the injured there, so we only had time for a few words.A.has just left

B.was just leaving

C.had just left

D.just left 11.Has George returned from Japan yet? I'd like to meet him.Why do you look so upset?Usually at 13:15 but because of a small accident on the line, it

at 13:45.A．does;is going to start B．will;starts C．does;will start D．will;is to start 11.---How about my food? I __________ here for almost half an hour.---I'm sorry, sir.It must be ready by now.A.have been sitting

B.am sitting C.had been sitting

D.was sitting 12.---Remember the first time we met, Susan?---Of course I do.You _______ in the library.A.read

B.had read

C.were reading

D.would read 13.The number of people hurt in the traffic accident _______ to 95, the news agency reports.A.has increased

B.have increased

C.has been increased

D.have been increased 14.It seems that you _______ this report or you can see what I questioned just now.A.don't read B.didn't read C.haven't read D.hadn't read 15.-Hello, Jim.I

to see you today.Sonia said you

ill.-Oh I'm OK.A.didn't expect;were

B.don't expect;were C.haven't expected;are

D.are not expecting;are 16.We were very busy yesterday.Otherwise we _____ part in the discussion.A.would take

B.did take

C.had taken

D.would have taken 17.---My flight ______.I'd better be on my way.Goodbye.---Bye.Happy landing!A.was announced

B.is being announced

C.has announced

D.is announced 18Dear me!You

anything in the taxi!A.had never left

B.have never left

C.would never leave

D.never leave 19.This time next week, we _______astronauts from the Challenger trying to deal with the mechanical problems.A.will see B.will have seen C.will be seeing D.shall see 20.Hey, Lee.I ___________ you never took interest in anything like this.What a surprise!A.don't think

B.didn't think C.think

D.thought 21.George had thought of paying a visit to the zoo with his children last Sunday, but he just ________ he would have so little time to spare.A.hadn't known

B.wouldn't know

C.knew

D.didn't know 22.Those who were late for school this morning，down your names on the blackboard!A.write

B.wrote

C.are writing

D.will write

時態(tài)語態(tài)高考題 2007年高考

1.The flowers were so lovely that they __________ in no time.（全國卷I）

A.sold

B.had been sold

C.were sold

D.would sell 2.I know a little bit about Italy as my wife and I ________ there several years ago.（全國卷I）

A.are going

B.had been

C.went

D.have been 3.-Is there anything wrong, Bob? You look sad.-Oh, nothing much.In fact, I ____ of my friends back home.（全國卷II）A.have just thought B.was just thinking C.would just think D.will just be thinking 4.-Tom, you didn't come to the party last night?

-I ____, but I suddenly remembered I had homework to do.（全國卷II）A.had to B.didn't C.was going to D.wouldn't 5.-Did you tidy your room?（上海卷）

-No, I was going to tidy my room but I ______ visitors.A.had B.have C.have had

D.will have 6.With the help of high technology, more and more new substances ______ in the past years.（上海卷）A.discovered B.have discovered C.had been discovered D.have been discovered 7.They_____ two free tickets to Canada, otherwise they'd never have been able to afford to go.（山東卷）

A．had got

B．got

C．have got

D．get 8.-Did Peter fix the computer himself?-He ________, because he doesn't know much about computers.（安徽卷）A.has it fixed

B.had fixed it

C.had it fixed

D.fixed it 9.They became friends again that day.Until then, they _____ to each other for nearly two years.（安徽卷）

A.didn't speak

B.hadn't spoken

C.haven' t spoken D.haven' t been speaking 10.-How can I apply for an online course?

-Just fill out this form and we _____ what we can do for you.（北京卷）A.see

B.are seeing

C.have seen

D.will see 11.I got caught in the rain and my suit____.（北京卷）

A.has ruined

B.had ruined

C.has been ruined

D.had been ruined 12.-It was really very kind of you to give me a lift home.-Oh, don't mention it.I _____past your house anyway.（北京卷）

A.was coming

B.will come

C.had come

D.have come 13.-I saw Jane and her boyfriend in the park at eight yesterday evening.（福建卷）-Impossible.She

TV with me in my home then.A.watched B.had watched C.would watch D.was watching 14.Danny

hard for long to realize his dream and now he is popular.（福建卷）A.works

B.is working

C.has worked

D.worked 15.As the years passed, many occasions-birthdays, awards, graduations-________ with Dad's flowers.（湖南卷）

A.are marked

B.were marked

C.have marked

D.had marked

16.Cathy is taking notes of the grammatical rules in class at Sunshine School, where she _____ English for a year.（湖南卷）

A.studies

B.studied

C.is studying

D.has been studying 17.At the end of the meeting, it was announced that an agreement ______.（江蘇卷）A.has been reached B.had been reached

C.has reached

D.had reached 18.-______ you ______ him around the museum yet?（江蘇卷）-Yes.We had a great time there.A.Have … shown

B.Do … show C.Had … shown

D.Did … show 19.-Ouch!You hurt me!

-I am sorry.But I

any harm.I

to drive a rat out.（江西卷）A.didn't mean;tried

B.don't mean;am trying C.haven't meant;tried

D.didn't mean;was trying 20.-I have got a headache.-No wonder.You

in front of that computer too long.（江西卷）

A.work

B.are working

C.have been working

D.worked 21.I

there little more than a week when I set to work with the scientist.（陜西卷）A.would be B.have been C.had been D.will be 22.The unemployment rate in this district

from 6% to 5% in the past two years.（上海春）A．has fallen B．had fallen

C．is fall in

D．was falling 23.John had to have his car repaired in a garage because it

seriously.（上海春）A．damaged B．was being damaged

C．had damaged D．had been damaged 24.When you get the paper back, pay special attention to what ________.（四川卷）A．have marked

B.have been marked

C．had marked

D．had been marked 25.-Did you see a man in black pass by just now?

-No, sir.I ________ a newspaper.（四川卷）

A.read

B.was reading

C.would read

D.am reading 26.If Newton lived today, he would be surprised by what ____ in science and technology.（天津卷）

A.had discovered

B.had been discovered

C.has discovered

D.has been discovered 27.-Jack bought a new mobile phone the other day.（浙江卷）-________? That's his third one in just one month.A.Had he

B.Did he

C.Does he

D.Has he

28.Professor James will give us a lecture on the Western culture, but when and where ____ yet.（浙江卷）

A.hasn't been decided

B.haven't decided

C.isn't being decided

D.aren't decided 29.The play had already been on for quite some time when we ____ at the New Theatre.（浙江卷）

A.have arrived

B.arrived

C.had arrived

D.arrive 30.-Did Alan enjoy seeing his old friends yesterday?-Yes, he did.He ________ his old friends for a long time.（重慶卷）

A.didn't see

B.wouldn't see

C.hasn't seen D.hadn't seen 31.Leonardo da Vinci(1452-1519)_______birds kept in cages in order to have the pleasure of setting them free.（重慶卷）

A.is said to be buying

B.is said to have bought

C..had said to buy

D.has said to have bought 32.-Do you have any idea what Paul does all day?-As I know, he spends at least as much time playing as he _______.（重慶卷）A.writes B.does writing

C.is writing

D.does write 33.When I called you this morning, nobody answered the phone.Where______?（重慶卷）A.did you go

B.have you gone

C.were you

D.had you been 34.-Have you handed in your schoolwork yet?

-Yes, I have.I guess it ______ now.（遼寧卷）

A.has graded

B.is graded

C.is being graded

D.is grading 35.-Has your father returned from Africa yet?-Yes, but he _____ here for only three days before his company sent him to Australia.（遼寧卷）A.was

B.has been

C.will be

D.would be 2008年高考

1.-Have you known Dr.Jackson for a long time?（全國I卷）-Yes, since she ______ the Chinese Society.A.has joined B.joins

C.had joined

D.joined 2.The wet weather will continue tomorrow, when a cold front ______ to arrive.（全國I卷）A.is expected B.is expecting C.expects

D.will be expected 3.-----Did you watch the basketball match yesterday?（安徽卷）

-----Yes, I did.You know, my brother ________ in the match.A.is playing

B.was playing

C.has played

D.had played 4.I like these English songs and they ________many times on the radio.（安徽卷）A.taught

B.have taught

C.are taught

D.have been taught 5.So far this year we ______ a fall in house prices by between 5 and 10 percent.（福建卷）A.saw

B.see

C.had seen

D.have seen 6.I called Hnnah many times yesterday evening, but I couldn't get through.Her brother _____ on the phone all the time!（湖南卷）

A.was talking

B.has been talking

C.has talked

D.talked 7.Well, I'm thinking about the salary….（湖南卷）

A.offer

B.will offer

C.are offered

D.will be offered 8.-I'm sure Andrew will win the first prize in the final.-I think so.He ______ for it for months.（江蘇卷）A.is preparing B.was preparing C.had been preparing D.has been preparing 9.By the time he realizes he ______ into a trap, it'll be too late for him to do anything about it.（山東卷）A.walks

B.walked C.has walked D.had walked 10.I ______it to you this morning!（浙江卷）

A.would lend

B.was lending

C.had lent

D.lent 20.-What's that noise?（浙江卷）

-Oh, I forgot to tell you.The new machine ______ A.was tested

B.will be tested

C.is being tested

D.has been tested 21.-Have you read book called Waiting for Anya?-Who _______ it?（北京卷）

A.writes

B.has written

C.wrote

D.had written 22.The hotel wasn't particularly good.But I ____ in many worse hotels（北京卷）.A.was staying

B, stayed

C.would stay

D.had stayed 23.No decision

about any future appointment until all the candidates have been interviewed.（北京卷）

A.will be made

B.is made

C.is being made

D.has been made 24.He _____ football regularly for many years when he was young.（天津卷）A.was playing

B.played

C.has played

D.had played 25.Judy is going to marry the sailor she __ in Rome last year.（重慶卷）A.meets

B.met

C.has met

D.would meet 26.He __ as a national hero for winning the first gold metal for his country in the Olympics.（重慶卷）

A.regarded

B.was regarded

C.has regarded

D.had been regarded 27.Teenagers __ their health because they play computer games too much.（重慶卷）A.have damaged

B.are damaging

C.damaged

D.will damage 28.Do you know if Terry will go camping this weekend?(上海卷)Terry? Never!She ___ tents and fresh air!A.has hated

B.hated

C.will hate

D.hates 29.In recent years many football clubs ___ as business to make a profit.(上海卷)A.have run

B.have been run C.had been run D.will run

參考答案

時態(tài)語態(tài)基礎訓練1 I.1.will never reach

2.missed

3.was;staring

4.asked

5.began

6.hadn't been invited

7.wrote

8.had seen

9.had hoped

10.was caught 11.didn't read

12.proved

13.had left

14.didn't realize

15.lose II.1.was holding

2.was starting

3.was waiting

4.was doing

5.had played;was going to do

6.will;see

7.were

8.will be

9.had been waiting

10.was asked 時態(tài)語態(tài)基礎訓練2 1-10 DBCCC CDCCB

11-20 AABCA DBCDC

時態(tài)語態(tài)強化訓練

1-5 BCCDD

6-10 ABBDB

11-15 ACACA

16-21 DBBCD

21-22 DA

時態(tài)語態(tài)高考題 2007年高考

1-5 CCBCA 6-10 DBCBD 11-15 CADCB

16-20 DBADC 21-25CADBB 26-30 DBABD

31-35BBCCA 2008年高考題

1-5 DABDD

6-10 ACDCA

11-15 CDACA 26-29 BBDB

21-25CDABB 16-20 ABBDC

第五篇：高考英語時態(tài)語態(tài)總結

十六種時態(tài)

1.一般現(xiàn)在時

用法：A)表示現(xiàn)在發(fā)生的動作、情況、狀態(tài)和特征。B)習慣用語。

C)經(jīng)常性、習慣性動作。例：He always helps others.（他總是幫助別人。）

D)客觀事實和普遍真理。尤其要注意，如果前后文不是一般現(xiàn)在時，則無法保持 主句、從句時態(tài)一致。E)表示一個按規(guī)定、計劃或安排要發(fā)生的動作，（僅限于某些表示“來、去、動、停、開始、結束、繼續(xù)”等動詞)可以與表示未來時間的狀語搭配使用。常見用法是：飛機、火車、輪船、汽車等定期定點運行的交通方式。例：The next train leaves at 3 o'clock this afternoon.（下一趟火車今天下午3點開車。）How often does this shuttle bus run?（這班車多久一趟？）

F)在時間和條件狀語從句里經(jīng)常用一般現(xiàn)在（有時也用現(xiàn)在完成時）表示將來事 情。

例：When you have finished the report, I will have waited for about 3 hours.（等你完成這份報告的時候，我就已經(jīng)等了將近3個小時了。）

2.現(xiàn)在進行時(be doing)用法：現(xiàn)在正在進行的動作。

3.現(xiàn)在完成時(have done)

用法：A)表示動作到現(xiàn)在為止已經(jīng)完成或剛剛完成。

例：I bought a new house, but I _________ my old one yet, so at the moment I have two houses.A)didn't sell B)sold C)haven't sold D)would sell答案（C)

B)表示從過去某時刻開始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或情況，并且有可能會繼續(xù)延續(xù)下去。此時經(jīng)常用延續(xù)性動詞。時間狀語常用since加一個過去的時間點，或for 加一段時間，或by加一個現(xiàn)在時間。

例：Great as Newton was, many of his ideas ___________ today and are being modified by the work of scientists of our time.A)are to challengeB)may be challengedC)have been challengedD)are challenging全句意思是：“雖然牛頓是個偉大的人物，但他的許多見解直到今天還在受到挑戰(zhàn)，并且被現(xiàn)代科學家的工作所修正?！眂hallenge是及物動詞，在本句中應是被動語態(tài)；動作延續(xù)到今天，所以要用現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)。可見答案是

C)have been challenged。A)are to challenge和D)are challenging都是主動語態(tài)，不可能是答案。B)may be challenged雖是被動語態(tài)，但意思與全句內容不合，不對。C)表示發(fā)生在過去，但對現(xiàn)在仍有影響的動作或情況。通常用點動詞，如：arrive, begin, find, give, lose等。例：John has broken his left leg.約翰摔斷了左腿。注意事項：A)現(xiàn)在完成時是聯(lián)系過去和現(xiàn)在的紐帶?，F(xiàn)在完成時和過去時的區(qū)別在于：現(xiàn)在完成時強調動作的動態(tài)，或受動態(tài)的影響，是動態(tài)的結果，對現(xiàn)在有影響；過去時只表示過去的某個具體時間里發(fā)生的動作，與現(xiàn)在沒有聯(lián)系。例：He worked in that hospital for 8 years.（他曾經(jīng)在那家醫(yī)院工作了8年。這只是講述一個過去的事實，他現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不在那家醫(yī)院了。）He has worked in that hospital for 8 years.（他已經(jīng)在那家醫(yī)院里工作了8年。表示他從過去開始工作，一直工作到現(xiàn)在，現(xiàn)在仍在那家醫(yī)院工作。）

B)因為含有for加一段時間或since加一個時間點這樣的時間狀語的完成時，有動態(tài)和延續(xù)性的特點，所以不能使用終端動詞或瞬間動詞。例：My sister has married.Don't disturb her.（終端動詞）My sister has been married for 5 years.（過去分詞做表語表示狀態(tài)，可以延續(xù)）

C)在“this is the first/ second/ third?? time that??”句型里要求用完成時。

例：This is the second time that the products of our company have been shown in the International Exhibition.（這是我公司產(chǎn)品第二次參加國際展覽會。）

D)句型“It is/ has been??since”所使用的兩種時態(tài)都正確。

例：It is/ has been 10 years since I last saw him.（從我上次見到他以來已經(jīng)10年了。）

E)在“no sooner than”、“hardly/ scarcely ??when”、“before”、“prior to”等句型中，主句要求完成時。例：I haven't met that professor prior to today.（以前我從未見過那位教授。）

4.現(xiàn)在完成進行時(have been doing)

用法：表示某一動作開始于過去某一時間，延續(xù)或重復地出現(xiàn)至今，或將繼續(xù)延續(xù)至將來。

例：We have been working on this project for over a month now.（到目前為止，我們一直在處理那個項目，已經(jīng)花了一個多月時間了。）注意事項：與現(xiàn)在完成時相比，現(xiàn)在完成進行時更強調：在從過去到現(xiàn)在的時間里，動作或狀態(tài)一直持續(xù)或一直反復出現(xiàn)。

例：（1997年6月四級第45 題）It seems oil ___________ from this pipe for some time.We'll have to take

the machine apart to put it right.A)had leakedB)is leakingC)leakedD)has been leaking

從本題上下文看，這兩個句子的意思是：“看來，這個管道漏油已有一段時間了，我們將不得不拆卸機器排除故障?！钡诙浔硎緦⒁扇〉拇胧５谝痪鋭幼靼l(fā)生在第二句之前，并且延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在為止仍在繼續(xù)。因此，空格中需用現(xiàn)在完成時或現(xiàn)在完成進行時。D)has been leaking是現(xiàn)在完成進行時，因此是本題的答案。有11%的考生誤選了B)is leaking。由于本句有時間狀語for some time，表示謂語動作延續(xù)，謂語不能用現(xiàn)在進行時，必須用和完成時有關的時態(tài)。有些考生誤選了C)leaked或A)had leaked。是因為他們沒有注意到本題第二句是一般將來時，所以第一句的謂語不能用過去時或過去完成時。

5.一般過去時

用法：A)表示過去某個時間發(fā)生的動作或情況。

B)表示過去習慣性動作。特別是由would/ used to do表達的句型，本身表示的 就是過去時。

例：The old man would sit on a bench in the quiet park and look at others for hours without doing anything or talking to anybody.（老人過去常常坐在寧靜的公園里的一條長椅上，看著其他的人，一坐就是數(shù)個小時，什么也不干，也不和任何人交談。）

He used to visit his mother once a week.（他以前總是每周看望一次他的母親。）

C)有時可代替一般現(xiàn)在時，表達一種婉轉、客氣、禮貌、商量的語氣。

例：I wanted to ask you if I could borrow your car?（我想向您借車用一用，可以嗎？）

Would you mind my sitting here?（您介意我坐在這里嗎？）

注意事項： A)注意時間狀語的搭配。一般過去時的時間狀語應該是表示過去某個時間的詞或詞組，如：yesterday, last month, in 1999, two days ago等，絕對不可與recently, in the past 10 years, this month等連用，因為這樣的時間狀語都與現(xiàn)在有關系，應該用現(xiàn)在完成時或一般現(xiàn)在時。

B)used to do的否定形式和疑問形式很特別：你怎么寫都正確。以否定形式為例：used not to do, didn't used to do, didn't use to do都對。

Used to do經(jīng)常與 be used to doing sth/ sth結構進行對比。前者表示“過去常常或過去曾經(jīng)”，要求加動詞原形；后者表示“習慣于”，要求加名詞或動名詞。

6.過去完成時(had done)

用法：表示在過去的某個時間或動作以前已經(jīng)發(fā)生的動作或已經(jīng)存在的狀態(tài)。就是我們常說的：表示“過去的過去的動作或狀態(tài)”。Until then, his family _________ from him for six months.A)didn't hear C)hasn't heard B)hasn't been hearing D)hadn't heard

全句的意思是：“到那時為止，他家里已經(jīng)有六個月沒得到他的消息了。”由此可以看出，謂語動詞的動作延續(xù)到過去的某一時刻才完成，因此謂語要用過去完成時。答案是D)。其它選項中：A)didn't hear，因為一般過去時只表示過去發(fā)生的事情或存在的狀態(tài)，所以不能與時間狀語for six months連用。B)hasn't been hearing，現(xiàn)在完成進行時表示過去某時刻繼續(xù)到現(xiàn)在或現(xiàn)在還在進行的動作，與題意不符。C)hasn't heard，現(xiàn)在完成時表示從過去某一時刻到現(xiàn)在為止發(fā)生的動作。而題中的then只表示過去的某一時刻，不能表示現(xiàn)在時間。注意事項：“過去的過去”這種邏輯關系常通過上下文體現(xiàn)出來，而不一定受某個時間狀語的限制。

例：There had been some one in our room just now, because I noticed a burning cigarette end on the floor when we opened the front door.（剛才有人在我們的房間里，因為我們打開前門進來時，我注意到地板上有一支仍在燃燒的香煙。）分析：雖然時間狀語是just now，似乎應該使用一般過去時，但是“在房間里”這個狀態(tài)是在“開門”和“注意”這兩個過去的動作之前就存在的，所以應該用過去完成時。

7.過去將來時(would/ should do)

用法：表示從過去的某個時間看將要發(fā)生的事。

例：I said on Thursday I should see my friend the next day.（我星期四說我將于第二天拜訪我的朋友。）事項：由于過去將來時是由過去時和將來時組合而成的，所以其注意事項可以參考過去時和將來時的相關注意事項。

8.過去進行時(was/ were doing)

用法：A)表示在過去一個比較具體的時間正在發(fā)生的動作。

例：Mary was listening to light music 10 minutes ago.（10分鐘前，瑪麗正在聽輕音樂。）

B)如果when, while這樣的時間狀語引導詞所引導的主從句之一是一般過去時，則另一個句子常用過去進行時。例：I was washing my hair when you knocked at the front door.（你敲前門時我正在洗頭發(fā)。）注意事項：其它與將來時有關的事項請參見下面所講的一般將來時。

9.一般將來時

用法：A)基本結構是will / shall do。例：We shall send her a glass hand-made craft as her birthday gift.（我們將送給她一個玻璃的手工制品，作為給她的生日禮物。）

B)有些動詞，如：arrive, be close, come, do, done, go, have, leave, open, play, return, sleep, start, stay等，用于一般進行時，并且通常與一個表示將來時間的時間狀語連用，可以表示將來時。

例：My mother is coming to visit me next week and is staying here until May.（我媽媽下周將來看我，并會呆到5月。）

C)表示“打算去??，要??”時，可用be going to do。

例：This is just what I am going to say.（這正是我想說的。）

D)表示“即將、正要”時，可用be about to do。強調近期內或馬上要做的事。

例：Don't worry, I am about to make a close examination on you.別擔心，我馬上就給你做一次仔細的檢查E)“be to do”的5種用法：

a)表示“按計劃、安排即將發(fā)生某事或打算做某事”。

例：She is to be seen in the lab on Monday.（星期一你準會在實驗室見到她。）

b)該做或不該做的事情（語氣上接近于should, must, ought to, have to），表示一種命令、規(guī)勸性語氣。例：You are to go to bed and keep quiet, kids.Our guests are arriving in less than 5 minutes.（孩子們，你們必須 上床睡覺，不準吵鬧。我們的客人5分鐘之內就要到了。）

c)能或不能發(fā)生的事情（接近can, may）

例：How am I to pay such a debt?（我怎么可能還得起這么大的一筆債呢？）

d)不可避免將要發(fā)生的事情，后來將要發(fā)生的事情。

例：I assure you that the matter _______ as quickly as possible.Have a little patience.A.will be attendedB.will be attended toC.is attendedD.is attended to

will be attended to關鍵的一點是：attend表示“處理，解決”時是不及物動詞，必須與to連用。另外，從上下文看，事情顯然尚未解決，所以應該用將來時的被動語態(tài)。答案是B。

e)用于條件從句“如果??想，設想”（接近if ??want to,或if ??should）

例：Greater efforts to increase agricultural production must be made if food shortage ____________ avoided.A)is to beB)can beC)will beD)has been

答案是A)is to be。全句的意思是：“如果要避免食品短缺，就必須作出更大努力來增加農業(yè)產(chǎn)量?！盕)同樣可以表示“正要、將要”的意思的句型是be on the point of doing。

例：The coach is on the point of giving up the game because our team has been scored 7 points.（教練想要放棄這場比賽了，因為對方已經(jīng)射進了7個球。）

例：I hope his health will have improved by the time you come back next year.（我希望到明年你回來的時候，他的身體已經(jīng)好多了。）

10.將來進行時(will be doing)

用法：強調在將來的某個具體時間正在發(fā)生的動作或事情。

例：Don't worry, you won't miss her.She will be wearing a red T-shirt and a white skirt at that time.（別擔心，你不會認不出她的。她到時會穿一件紅色的T恤衫和一條白色的短裙。）

注意事項：由于本時態(tài)是由將來時和進行時融合在一起的，所以關于本時態(tài)的注意事項，可參考“一般將來時”和“現(xiàn)在進行時”的有關注意事項。

11.將來完成時(will have done)

用法：表示從將來的某一時間開始、延續(xù)到另一個將來時間的動作或狀態(tài)，或是發(fā)生在某個將來時間，但對其后的另一個將來時間有影響的動作或狀態(tài)。就好象把現(xiàn)在完成時平移到時間軸的將來時時段一樣。其用法從和過去及現(xiàn)在有關，變成了和將來及將來的將來有關。

本題考核謂語動詞的時態(tài)。全句的意思是：“會議從開始到結束將持續(xù)整整一個星期?！本渲衎y the time it ends表示動作要延續(xù)到將來某一時刻，因此要用將來完成時。答案是B)will have lasted。如果選A)，因為情態(tài)動詞must后面接動詞不定式的完成時形式表示對已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事情的一種肯定推測，而本句的時間狀語是by the time it ends而非by the time it ended，所以犯了時態(tài)不呼應的錯誤。Would雖可以表示推測或可能性，但would last不能表示延續(xù)到將來某一時刻的動作，所以C)would last錯誤。因為D)has lasted是現(xiàn)在完成時，表示到現(xiàn)在為止已經(jīng)完成的動作，不能表示延續(xù)到將來某一時刻的動作，所以也不正確。

注意事項：由于本時態(tài)是由將來時和完成時融合在一起的，所以關于本時態(tài)的注意事項，可以參考“一般將來時”和“現(xiàn)在完成時”的有關注意事項。

12)將來完成進行時：（shall have been doing，will have been doing）

例：By the end of next month, the project will have been being worked for 3 years.（到下個月底為止，這項工程就已經(jīng)不停地進行了3年了。）（被動語態(tài)）

13)過去完成進行時：（had been doing）

例：The old clock had been being taken apart of and fixed up again for several times by my 10-year old son before I came back home.（我回到家之前，我10歲大的兒子已經(jīng)把這個舊鐘表拆卸并重新組裝了好幾回了。）（此處強調“拆卸”和“組裝”這兩個過去的過去的動作一直在反復進行。）（被動語態(tài)）

14)過去將來進行時：（should be doing , would be doing）

例：The government promised that a new highway would be being built next July.（政府承諾說第二年7月將有一條新的高速公路正在修建。）（此句的時間狀語是具體的將來時間，所以最好用將來進行時。）（被動語態(tài)）

15)過去將來完成時：（should have done , would have done）

例：I believed by the end of that year an advanced version of that software would have been developed, but I was wrong.（我堅信到那年年底為止，那個軟件的新版本將被開發(fā)出來。但是我錯了。）（此句為被動語態(tài)）

16)過去將來完成進行時：（should have been doing , would have been doing）

例：They said that by the end of the following month, the project would have been being worked for 3 years.（他們說到第二個月底為止，這項工程就已經(jīng)不停地進行了3年了。）

高中英語被動語態(tài)總結

一、被動語態(tài)的構成形式

1.被動語態(tài)的基本時態(tài)變化 被動語態(tài)通常為十種時態(tài)的被動形式, 被動語態(tài)由be＋過去分詞構成，be隨時態(tài)的變化而變化。以do為例，各種時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)形式為：

1)am/is/are +done(過去分詞)一般現(xiàn)在時例Visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits.2）has /have been done 現(xiàn)在完成時例All the preparations for the task have been completed, and we're ready to start.3）am/is /are being done 現(xiàn)在進行時例A new cinema is being built here．

4）was/were done 一般過去時 例I was given ten minutes to decide whether I should reject the offer.5）had been done 過去完成時 例By the end of last year, another new gymnasium had been completed in Beijing.6）was/were being done 過去進行時 例A meeting was being held when I was there.7）shall/will be done 一般將來時 例Hundreds of jobs will be lost if the factory closes.8）should/would be done 過去將來時 例The news would be sent to the soldier's mother as soon as it arrived.9）shall/will have been done 將來完成時（少用）例The project will have been completed before July.10）should/would have been done 過去將來完成時（少用）

2.被動語態(tài)的特殊結構形式

1)帶情態(tài)動詞的被動結構。其形式為：情態(tài)動詞＋be＋過去分詞。例The baby should be taken good care of by the baby-sitter

2)有些動詞可以有兩個賓語，在用于被動結構時，可以把主動結構中的一個賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z，另一賓語仍然保留在謂語后面。通常變?yōu)橹髡Z的是間接賓語。例His mother gave him a present for his birthday.可改為He was given a present by his mother for his birthday.3)當“動詞+賓語+賓語補足語”結構變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時，將賓語變?yōu)楸粍咏Y構中的主語，其余不動。

Someone caught the boy smoking a cigarette.可改為The boy was caught smoking a cigarette.4）在使役動詞have, make, get以及感官動詞see, watch, notice, hear, feel, observe等后面不定式作賓語補語時，在主動結構中不定式to要省略，但變?yōu)楸粍咏Y構時，要加to。

例Someone saw a stranger walk into the building.可改為A stranger was seen to walk into the building.5)有些相當于及物動詞的動詞詞組，如“動詞＋介詞”，“動詞＋副詞”等，也可以用于被動結構，但要把它們看作一個整體，不能分開。其中的介詞或副詞也不能省略。例The meeting is to be put off till Friday.3.非謂語動詞的被動語態(tài)v.+ing 形式及不定式to do 也有被動語態(tài)(一般時態(tài)和完成時態(tài))。