第一篇：夜大學(xué)英語專業(yè)翻譯課復(fù)習(xí)材料

1.The technology is advanced and products made with it are comfortable and convenient to carry 這項工藝非常先進(jìn)，制作的產(chǎn)品舒適大方，攜帶方便

2.Any substance is made of atoms whether it is a solid, a liquid，or a gas.任何物質(zhì)，不論是固體，液體或氣體，都有原子組成。

3.Since you don’t trust him, you should not employ him你不信任他就不該雇傭他 4.Britain is already a stakeholder economy, with market forces muted, distorted and regulated wherever you look英國經(jīng)濟(jì)已成為投機(jī)股本持有者經(jīng)濟(jì)，無論在哪里，市場力量都遭到抑制，扭曲乃至控制。5.You can’t clap with on hand.孤掌難鳴

6.It is two kilometers from here to the great wall從這里到長城有2公里遠(yuǎn) 7.The screeching of the brakes got on my nerves剎車聲刺激了我的神經(jīng)

8.“you’ve got to be careful of these Eastern lawyers.If you are not careful, they’ll take you and turn you inside out.”對這些東部的律師可得提防，一不小心，他們就會抓住你，把你整的夠嗆

9.Like closets that need to be organized and cleaned,the relationship between husband and wife can go through messy periods,too.就像衣櫥需要整理清掃一樣，夫妻關(guān)系也可能經(jīng)歷凌亂期

10.The nucleus of the Taliban is a secretive clique, which is surrounded by a host of young zealots.塔利班的核心是一個遮遮掩掩的小集團(tuán)，外圍是一幫年輕的狂熱分子。11.Eased mortgage terms are expected to boost the home ownership ratio.人們期待寬松的抵押條件，能夠大大提高住房擁有率

12.Memoranda were prepared in advance of private meetings on matters to be discussed在進(jìn)行私下交談之前，我已經(jīng)就所要討論的問題預(yù)先擬好了備忘錄。13.All the work we have done in the last ten years is about to be destroyed.我們最近10年所做的一切工作就要化為烏有了。

14.Also, it is to be noted that the reality of the rapidly expanding cities is causing many problems and will be causing more serious problems although it is not without some benefits.同時，需要指出，城市迅速擴(kuò)展雖然給人們帶來一些利益，但也引發(fā)了許多問題，而且將來會引發(fā)更為嚴(yán)重的問題。

15.Thoseof us who view history as dry facts upon a page forget that we are history ,and that our lives are to be studied by future generations.我們中的一些人視歷史為枯燥無味的紙上史實，而忘卻了我們自身就是歷史，我們的后代將研究我們的生活。16.The setting up of a credible oversight authority has curbed police brutality.由于建立了一個可信任的監(jiān)督機(jī)構(gòu)，警察暴行收到了遏制。

17.Doctors and men both talked about a miracle drug constantly almost with awe.醫(yī)生和傷病員常常談?wù)撘环N神奇的藥物，而且談時幾乎都帶著一種敬畏的口氣。

18.He wanted to tell john how surprised he was at his knowledge, but embarrassment made him hold hi peace 他想告訴約翰，他壓根沒有料到他的知識這么淵博，但是覺得不好意思，沒有說出口。

19.Strange enough , they are the same age to the day.說來真巧，他們兩年紀(jì)一樣大，而且還是同日生的。

20.The setting up of a credible oversight authority has curbed police brutality.21.中國著名綜合性高等學(xué)府清華大學(xué)的建校80周年慶典隆重舉行，2.5萬名師生員工以及數(shù)千名來自國內(nèi)外的清華校友參加了慶典活動the 80thbirthday of china’s leading polytechnic university, Qinghua university ,was celebrated with great festivity today by 25000 students, faculty and thousands of alumni from abroad and all parts of china.22.經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整取得積極進(jìn)展，農(nóng)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)有所優(yōu)化，優(yōu)質(zhì)，專用農(nóng)產(chǎn)品有所增加。Economic restructuring made headway,the structure of agricultural production was improved ,and the production of high-quality and special-purpose crops increased.23.中國西藏自治區(qū)位于青藏高原的主體，地勢高峻，地理特征獨(dú)特，野生動植物資源，水資源和礦產(chǎn)資源豐富，素有“世界屋脊”和“地球第三極”之稱。China’s Tibet autonomous region is situated on the main body of the Qinghai-tibet plateau.with high altitude, unique geographical features and rich wildlife, water and mineral resources ,ti has been called the “roof of the world” and the “third pole of the world” 24.難道我被那野蠻的遺風(fēng)同化了嗎？不是的，我漸漸把我從中國帶去的“老人心態(tài)”丟開了，我也變少年了。Can Ihave been assimilated into the barbarous modern version of the ancient roman practice? no ,the fact is ,I gradually threw away the “old-age mentality”that I’d brought with me from china,I became rejuvenated.25.不論童年生活是快樂還是悲哀，人們總覺得都是生命中最深刻的一段，有許多印象，許多習(xí)慣，深深地刻畫在他的人格及氣質(zhì)上，而影響他的一生。Be it happy or sad, the childhood life is always regarded as the most significant part of one’s life.many early impressions and habits are so deeply etched in one’s character and temperament that they will affect him all through his life.26.貧窮剝奪了我童年的幸福，把我關(guān)在學(xué)校大門的外面，是書本敞開它寬厚的胸脯，接納了我，給我以慷慨的哺育。In my childhood, when I was deprived of happiness and schooling by poverty ,books took me to their large bosoms and nurtured me generously.27.這樣地叫了一聲，他的眼睛里就涌出了兩行清淚來，他自己也不知道是什么緣故。He exclaimed, and for reasons unknown even to himself his eyes were suddenly filled with tears.28.據(jù)說，該市的市長因為受賄正在接受調(diào)查。It is said that the mayor of the city is now under investigation because he has been bribed.29.“這幾件舊衣服和舊家具，當(dāng)?shù)漠?dāng)了，賣的賣了，只靠著我替人家做些針線活尋來的錢生活，怎么供的起你讀書？”“our old clothes and our few pieces of furniture have been pawned or sold,we have nothing to live on but what is earned by my sewing ,how can I pay for your schooling?”

30.與會者對這個問題的觀點(diǎn)差別太大，以至于發(fā)生了爭吵，一時會場的氣氛緊張起來the opinions of the attendants were far from unanimous about this issue so that some of them began to quarrel with each other ,the atmosphere at the meeting became tense at the moment.31.你們的人參酒質(zhì)量很好，但包裝較差，瓶子易碎。紙盒太薄。對我們今后的訂貨，請每瓶套一只泡沫塑料套，并裝在較厚的紙盒內(nèi)，否則我們只能放棄這個業(yè)務(wù)。The quality of your Ginseng Wine is fine, but its packing is rather poor.Bottles are to break and paper boxes are very thin,please put each bottle in a foamed plastic case and then in a thicker paper box for our future orders, otherwise ,we shall be compelled to give up this business 32.吃一塹，長一智a fall into the pit,a gain in your wit 33.物以類聚，人以群分birds of a feather flock together.34.喧賓奪主the sauce is better than the fish 35.滴水穿石little strokes fell great oaks 36.小洞不補(bǔ)，大洞吃苦a little leak will sink a great ship 37.總之，就全國范圍來說，我們一定能夠逐步順利解決沿海同內(nèi)地貧富差距的問題in short, taking the country as a whole, we are certainly able to gradually bridge the wealth gap between coastal and inland areas.38.被觀眾鼓幾聲掌就飄飄然，就忘乎所以，就成了明星，就坐飛機(jī)，就灌唱片，這簡直是胡鬧。Once one gets some applause, one swells with pride,and he or she will be treated like a star, given free plane trips and invited to have his or her voice recorded every where,this is ridiculous./this is abnormal 39.船從我們近旁開過去，船上廚房里生者火，炊煙樓樓，火光熒熒，簡直就是個安樂窩。Aship,which was coming by us,with her galley-fire smoking and flaring ,looked like a comfortable home 40.我上這個班是為了提高英語水平Iattend this class to improve my English.41.只要看一眼這封信，你就會明白你上當(dāng)了a glance at this letter will convince you that you have been taken in

42.如果天公作美，周末我們就去郊游weather permitting ,we shall go for an outing this weekend.43.他是一流記者，有廣博的知識a first-rate journalist,he has a wide range of knowledge 44.醫(yī)生給她開了一些治療感冒的藥the doctor prescribed some medicine for her cold

第二篇：英語專業(yè)翻譯論文

On Training Methods of Short Term Memory in Consecutive Interpreting 交替?zhèn)髯g中短時記憶的訓(xùn)練方法

Name: Li, Lingling

Class: 2007English Education Class 2 January 4, 2010

目錄

ABSTRACT.....................................................................................................3 1.Introduction..................................................................................................5 2.Brief Introduction of Interpreting.............................................................5 2.1 Background information......................................................................5 2.2 Interpreting...........................................................................................6 3.Memory System..........................................................................................8 3.1 Short term memory..............................................................................8 3.2 Short term and long term memory.......................................................9 3.3 The Effort Eodels by Daniel Gile......................................................10 4.Characters of short term memory..............................................................12 4.1 Input of information...........................................................................12 4.2 Capacity.............................................................................................12 4.3 Modality.............................................................................................12 4.4 Information Loss................................................................................13 4.5 Retrieval.............................................................................................13 5.Memory Training.......................................................................................14 5.1 Visualizing materials:........................................................................15 5.2 Retelling in the Source Language......................................................15 5.3Mnemonic to Memory........................................................................16 5.4 Grouping information together..........................................................17 5.5 Association.........................................................................................17 6.Conclusion.................................................................................................18 Bibliography..................................................................錯誤！未定義書簽。

ABSTRACT Interpreting is important and popular nowadays owing to its communicative function in fields of politics, economy, culture, education and so on.However, it’s not easy to be a qualified interpreter because the training methods are not systematically completed.This thesis is mainly dealing with the methods of training short-term memory in consecutive interpreting(CI).According to Effort Model from Daniel Gile, the short term memory is an essential part in the process of interpreting.In order to be a qualified interpreter, student interpreters need large quantity of practice and skills.Considering of this, the author makes some research about the training of short term memory and hopes this training can help student interpreters improve short term memory.Key words: consecutive interpreting(CI);short term memory;Effort Model;training methods

口譯因其在政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化、教育等方面有著重要的交際功能，因此在當(dāng)今社會越來越顯示出其重要性并且逐漸受到人們的重視。然而，由于目前口譯訓(xùn)練方法仍然不夠系統(tǒng)和完整，因此想成為一名合格的口譯人員實屬不易。本論文主要介紹了交替?zhèn)髯g中短時記憶的訓(xùn)練方法。根據(jù)Daniel Gile 的精力分配模式，短時記憶在口譯過程中起到舉足輕重的地位。為了成為一名合格的譯員，訓(xùn)練者需要進(jìn)行大量的練習(xí)并且掌握口譯技巧?？紤]到這個問題，筆者通過搜集整理和自己的親身經(jīng)歷總結(jié)了短時記憶 的訓(xùn)練方法，希望能夠幫助訓(xùn)練者提高短時記憶。

1.Introduction There are three kinds of memory system and short term memory is the essential part in interpreting, so in this paper the author mainly does research about the short term memory.Chapter 1 is an introduction about planning of this paper.In Chapter 2, it shows a general introduction about interpreting and its current situation in China.This helps us to get a more clear understanding about advantages and disadvantages of CI in order to find the weaknesses.According to the analysis in Chapter 2, the author believes that the memory training is a big obstacle encountered by the student interpreters.Considering of this, the author decides to start with the memory system, so in Chapter 3, it mainly shows three types of memory systems as well as how they work and what functions they have and the illustration is focused on the concrete connections between the short term memory and CI.In Chapter 4, the author shows the characters of short term memory and the problems interpreters meet due to the characters.In Chapter 5, according to all above and research, the author finds some methods dealing with the problems.Finally is the conclusion and some suggestions in future research.2.Brief Introduction of Interpreting 2.1 Background information Interpreting becomes a very popular job nowadays due to the world globalization in fields of economy, politics, culture and s on.With the rising position of China, especially hosting of 2008 Olympic Games and 2010 Shanghai World Expo as well as entering WTO, China plays more and more important role in the world, so international communication become more frequently.This brings large requirement of interpreting which is considered responsive and practical, both quality and quantity.However, interpreting industry is facing serious situation: lacking of systematical training methods and high quantity of teachers.2.2 Definition of Interpreting Interpreting is the facilitating of oral or sign-language communication, either simultaneously or consecutively, between users of different languages.The process is described by both the words interpreting and interpretation.Professional Interpreting can be mainly classified into simultaneous interpreting and consecutive interpreting in terms of the way of interpreting.In consecutive interpreting(CI), the interpreter speaks after the source-language speaker has finished speaking.The speech is divided into segments, and the interpreter sits or stands beside the source-language speaker, listening and taking notes as the speaker progresses through the message.When the speaker pauses or finishes speaking, the interpreter then renders a portion of the message or the entire message in the target language.A qualified interpreter is required to cover various fields of knowledge and possesses good psychological quality as well as a strong memory.Due to this requirement, interpreting is a challengeable work.2.3 Quality of a good interpreter 2.3.1 Profound knowledge As a good interpreter, the basic quality is to master the source language and target language.Moreover, an interpreter should have a good knowledge of the culture of both countries, such as the customs, the history, the humorous expressions as well as the current event and popular tendency.For example, when interpreter heard “Baudelaire’s translation of Poe may be “better” poems than those Poe wrote;but those who read them have read Baudelaire's version of Poe;not Poe.” In this sentence, there are two names Baudelaire and Poe.Baudelaire is a French writer, who is famous for translating the works by American writer Edgar Allan Poe and is acknowledged better than the original works.If the interpreter knows this, it is not difficult to translate it as波德來爾所譯的愛倫坡的詩，也許比愛倫坡自己所寫的更好；但讀那些詩的人只是讀了波德來爾所譯的愛倫坡；而不是真正的愛倫坡.Therefore, a good interpreter should self enriching greatly and improving continuously.2.3.1 Strong memory Owing to the special characteristics of interpreting, interpreter should have a strong memory.On the one hand, interpreter has to master a large amount of vocabulary and idioms, such as畫蛇添足 to paint the lily；用小蝦釣大魚 to throw a sprat to catch a whale.Besides, for some Chinese idioms, interpreters should remember the original story, such as東施效顰Tung Shih imitates Hsi Shih.Hsi Shih was a famous beauty in the ancient kindgdom of Yueh.Tung Shih was an ugly girl who tried to imitate her ways.The ugly imitates the beautiful in such a distorted way that the ugliness of the ugly becomes even worse.On the other hand, interpreters should have a good memory to express the meaning speakers said.Owing to the limited time, note-taking can only write down the main point and the whole meaning can only be expressed though the strong memory.3.Memory System 3.1 Short term memory Short-term memory(or “primary” or “active memory”)is the capacity for holding a small amount of information in mind in an active, readily available state for a short period of time.The duration of short-term memory(when rehearsal or active maintenance is prevented)is believed to be in the order of seconds.In an early and highly influential article, The Magical Number Seven, Plus or Minus Two, the psychologist George Miller suggested that human short-term memory has a forward memory span of approximately seven items plus or minus two and that was well known at the time.David A.Sousa, in his book ,how the brain works refers to the term short term memory as all of the early steps of temporary memory leads to long term memory.According to his idea, short term memory can be divided into sensory memory and working memory.Sensory memory is the very first step for the source information coming into one’s brain with the shortest duration and can hold a certain amount of information, but these information can only lasts 0.25-2 seconds and disappears rapidly.Working memory refers to information stored for further processing.Working memory boasts both storage and processing functions.The two functions are interrelated with each other.When encountered with new or difficult tasks, then more processing capacity is required, thus leaving less capacity for storage function(David W.Carroll, 2000.49).During the researching, the authors doubts that decay causes forgetting from short-term memory often offer as an alternative some form of interference: When several elements(such as digits, words, or pictures)are held in short term memory simultaneously, their representations compete with each other for recall, or degrade each other.Thereby, new content gradually pushes out older content, unless the older content is actively protected against interference by rehearsal or by directing attention to it.3.2 Short term and long term memory Psychological studies of human memory make a distinction between short term memory and long term memory.The idea of short term memory simply means that you are retaining information for a short period of time without creating the neural mechanisms for later recall.Long-Term Memory occurs when you have created neural pathways for storing ideas and information which can then be recalled weeks, months, or even years later.To create these pathways, you must make a deliberate attempt to encode the information in the way you intend to recall it later.Long-term memory is a learning process.And it is essentially an important part of the interpreter's acquisition of knowledge, because information stored in long term memory may last for minutes to weeks, months, or even an entire life.The duration of short term memory is very short.It is up to 30 seconds.Peterson(1959)found it to be 6-12 seconds, while Atkinson and Schifrin(1968)and Herb(1949)state it is 30 seconds.Memory in CI only lasts for a short time.Once the interpreting assignment is over, the interpreter moves on to another one, often with different context, subject and speakers.Therefore, the memory skills which need to be imparted to trainee interpreters are short term memory skills.Another difference is that short term memory is processed largely in terms of speech sounds, while long term memory depends mostly on meaning.In the early 1960s, Conrad, in connection with work for the British Post Office, conducted experiments on memory for letter codes.Conrad’s subjects were presented visually with sequences of unrelated consonants and were required to write them down immediately afterwards.He noticed that the short term memory errors made were not random, but similar in the sound to the correct item.Subjects mistakenly remember the words as words with similar pronunciation more than similar spelling.This indicates that the material is more easily remembered in terms of their sound rather than their visual appearance.Since the interpreters deal with the vocal materials, short term memory can do well to training.3.3 The Effort Eodels by Daniel Gile(1)C = KL + ELK + A Comprehension =Knowledge for language+ Extra-linguistic Language + Analysis(2)CI =L + N + M + C Consecutive Interpreting =Listening Analysis+ Note-taking+ Short-term Memory+ Coordination In consecutive interpretation, the interpreter takes notes while the speaker speaks, then delivers speech to the listener in the target language according to his or her memory and notes.Consecutive interpretation is performed in two phases, the listening and note-taking phase, and the speech production phase.(3)CI = Rem + Read + P Consecutive Interpreting=Remembering+ Note-reading+ Speech Production

In phase two, high capacity in taking notes is beneficial to the Rem component, since good note-taking reduces the capacity requirements for Rem.Besides, mastering a certain amount of linguistic and extra-linguistic knowledge will lead to successful transferring form source language to target language.Since short term memory plays an important role in CI, the author decides to take a further step on short term memory.4.Characters of short term memory 4.1 Input of information It is generally held that information enters the short term memory as a result of applying attention to the stimulus, which is about a quarter of a second according to the findings of both Sperling(1960)and Crowden(1982).However, McKay's(1973, in Radford and Govier, 1991: 382)findings do not fully support this, asserting that unattended information may enter the short term memory.4.2 Capacity As mentioned in the previous section, the capacity of short term memory is limited and small.Atkinson and Shiffrin(1968)propose that it is seven items of information(give or take two).Miller(1956)says it is seven “chunks.” Another possibility may be that the limiting factor is not the short term memory's storage capacity, but its processing capacity(Gross: 1990:55).4.3 Modality To store information in short term memory, it must be encoded, and there is a variety of possibilities as to how this operates.There are three main possibilities in short term memory:(1)Acoustic(Phonemic)coding is rehearsing through sub-vocal sounds(Conrad, 1964 and Baddeley: 1966).(2)Visual coding is, as implied, storing information as pictures rather than sounds.This applies especially to nonverbal items, particularly if they are difficult to describe using words.In very rare cases some people may have a “photographic memory,” but for the vast majority, the visual code is much less effective than this(Posner and Keele: 1967).(3)Semantic coding is applying meaning to information, relating it to something abstract(Baddeley: 1990, Goodhead: 1999)4.4 Information Loss There are three main theories as to why we forget from our short term memory:(1)Displacement—existing information is replaced by newly received information when the storage capacity is full(Waugh and Norman: 1965)(2)Decay—information decays over time(Baddeley, Thompson and Buchanan, 1975).(3)Interference—other information present in the storage at the same time distorts the original information(Keppel and Underwood: 1962).4.5 Retrieval There are modes of retrieval of information from short term memory:(1)Serial search—items in short term memory are examined one at a time until the desired information is retrieved(Sternberg: 1966).(2)Activation—dependence on activation of the particular item reaching a critical point 5.Memory Training The purpose of short term memory training in CI is to achieve a better understanding of the source language, which will lead to adequate interpreting.As Lin Yuru et al.put it, “Memory in consecutive interpreting consists of nothing more than understanding the meaning, which is conveyed by the words”(Lin et al., 1999:9).Understanding is the first step in successful interpreting;therefore, memory training is to be provided in the early stage of interpreter training.Memory functions differently in consecutive and simultaneous interpreting because the duration of memory is longer in CI than in SI.There are different methods of training short term memory for CI and SI respectively.Interpreting starts with the encoding of the information from the original speaker.According to Gile's Effort Model, interpreting is short term memory-centered activity;the process of interpreting could be re-postulated into: Encoding of information from the Source Language + Storing Information + Retrieval of Information + Decoding Information into the Target language In Consecutive Interpreting, there is probably up to 15 minutes(depending on the speaker's segments)for the interpreter to encode and then store the information.This is the first phase of Gile's Effort Model for CI.In the second phase of Gile's Model, the interpreter starts to retrieve information and decode it into the target language.According to the previous description, there are three main possibilities of storing information in short term memory:(1)Acoustic Coding;(2)Visual Coding and(3)Semantic Coding.Visual coding may be used by interpreters in conference situations with multimedia.Notes in interpreting are to assist in such visual coding of information.But in most interpreting contexts, interpreters will depend on acoustic and semantic coding.Therefore, exercises should be designed for this purpose.The following methods are recommended: 5.1 Visualizing materials: Visualizing means that to visualize what the speaker is speaking, for instance, to form a scene to strengthen the short term memory of the interpreter.A British psychologist named Frederic C.Bartlett(1998:279)regarded memory as the reconstruction of an image.The conclusion of the study showed that the capacity of memory of pictures viewed and images is easier to remember than vocabulary and expressions This kind of exercise aims to promote the ability of an interpreter to actualize and visualize the information he listened, which is designed to sensibility of human’s brain to image of language resources.5.2 Retelling in the Source Language The instructor either reads or plays a recording of a text of about 200 words for the trainees to retell in the same language.The trainees should not be allowed to take any notes.In the first instance, trainees should be encouraged to retell the text in the same words of the original to the largest possible extent.The following tactics should be used by the trainees after a certain time of training on retelling: Categorization: Grouping items of the same properties;Generalization: Drawing general conclusions from particular examples or message from the provided text;Comparison: Noticing the differences and similarities between different things, facts and events;Description: Describing a scene, a shape, or size of an object, etc.Trainees are encouraged to describe, summarize, and abstract the original to a large extent in their own words in exercises.5.3 Mnemonic to Memory Mnemonic is a device, such as a formula or rhyme, used as an aid in remembering.Mnemonics are methods for remembering information that is otherwise quite difficult to recall.A very simple example of a mnemonic is the '30 days hath September' rhyme.The basic principle of Mnemonics is to use as many of the best functions of the human brain as possible to encode information.The human brain has evolved to encode and interpret complex stimuli—images, color, structure, sounds, smells, tastes, touch, spatial awareness, emotion, and language—using them to make sophisticated interpretations of the environment.Human memory is made up of all these features.Typically, however, information presented to be remembered is from one source—normally words on a page.While reading words on a page reflects one of the most important aspects of human evolution, it is only one of the many skills and resources available to the human mind.Mnemonics seek to use all of these resources.By encoding language and numbers in sophisticated, striking images which flow into other strong images, we can accurately and reliably encode both information and the structure of information to be easily recalled later(Manktelow:2003).5.4 Grouping information together Random lists of things(a shopping list, for example)can be especially difficult to remember.To make it easier, try categorizing the individual things from the list.If a person can remember that, among other things, he wanted to buy four different kinds of vegetables, he’ll find it easier to remember all four.Another example: probably ***818651898 won't be easily remembered, but try putting a space after every fourth number.Now those numbers are years, and they can be easily remembered by picking key events from each year(e.g., Revolutionary War, War of 1812, Mexican-American War, Civil War, and Spanish-American War).5.5 Association

The reason that most of people can't remember their friend's phone number is because 535-3473 just a string of numbers that have no obvious connection to their friend.In order to use one’s memory efficiently, the best way is to actively create an association for things one is trying to remember.For example, write out a phone number: five three five three four seven three.Now try to create a clever phrase that starts with the first letter of those words: fairy tales feel true for some time.Now that phone number can be much more easily remembered.Alternatively, one could create a story that involves 5 characters buying 3 things and doing 5 more things with them by using imagination.The point is that one wants to connect the phone number to something else.6.Conclusion Keeping a good short term memory in consecutive interpreting is a significant aspect, which the train interpreters need to grasp.From the above analysis, we can conclude that short term memory skills in consecutive interpreting could be acquired by effectively designed training methods.With a well-'trained' short-term memory, interpreters are actually equipped with an effective tool for the encoding and decoding information.Even though the author has found and summarized some training methods, these methods are not suitable for every trainee.In the future research, the author believes that every student interpreter needs to explore practical training methods for themselves, which can lead a better result for their future career and be transformed into theories.

第三篇：英語專業(yè)翻譯實踐報告

實踐報告

這周是英語專業(yè)的翻譯實踐周，這次的專業(yè)實習(xí)讓我受益匪淺，收獲頗多。專業(yè)實習(xí)的主要目的是要培養(yǎng)我們理論聯(lián)系實際，綜合運(yùn)用所學(xué)基礎(chǔ)知識、基本理論和技能，獨(dú)立分析、解決問題的能力。在大學(xué)的第三學(xué)年，實習(xí)是一個很重要的環(huán)節(jié)，對我們以后的工作實習(xí)也有一定的幫助。所以，我們要端正態(tài)度，認(rèn)真對待這次的專業(yè)實習(xí)。

我們的主要任務(wù)是進(jìn)行英譯漢和漢譯英的翻譯實踐，為此在實踐的過程中，我總結(jié)了四種必備的翻譯工具：一是靈格斯翻譯工具，里面可安裝各式的詞典；二是百度搜索工具；三是有道詞典；四是英漢詞典；五是漢英詞典。翻譯的過程如下：首先可以現(xiàn)在靈格斯里查詢不懂的單詞和詞組，尋找最符合原文的解釋。然后采取同時在百度和有道詞典搜索的做法，并對同種搜索工具搜索結(jié)果進(jìn)行比較。他們有著各自的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)。所以我們最后用到的就是英漢和漢英辭典，可以對我們翻譯之中的詞匯，進(jìn)行最后的確認(rèn)，確定出最最準(zhǔn)確的譯法。

在翻譯過程中也遇到到了一些困難，這說明在漫漫的英語學(xué)習(xí)過程中我還要繼續(xù)努力。學(xué)如逆水行舟，不進(jìn)則退，只要每天我認(rèn)真學(xué)習(xí)，那就是一種進(jìn)步。人生總歸會有許多挫折，但我們?nèi)舨豢邕^這道坎，就不會有進(jìn)步，滯留不前。我們要用有限的生命創(chuàng)造無限的價值，勇敢面對每一個挑戰(zhàn)。

翻譯是運(yùn)用一種語言把另一種語言所表達(dá)的思維內(nèi)容準(zhǔn)確而完整地表達(dá)出來的語言行為。當(dāng)然紙上談兵是無稽之談，光有理論知識而不實踐操作也是沒有用的。有位翻譯家這么說過，“學(xué)翻譯猶如學(xué)游泳。只在岸邊看別人游，或只聽教練講解，是學(xué)不會的。”所以要想提高自己的翻譯能力，一定要通過實踐。實踐可以分為兩類，直接的實踐和間接的實踐。

所謂直接的實踐，就是自己親身參加的實踐，也就是自己動手翻譯。一回生，二回熟，日積月累，第一手經(jīng)驗多了，做起來得心應(yīng)手，翻譯能力有所提高。所謂“熟能生巧”，就是這個道理。但自己能譯的東西是有限的，從這種實踐中得出的經(jīng)驗也是有限的。因此，還需要借助于間接的實踐。

所謂間接的實踐，就是研究別人的譯文。比如，一篇文章在手，準(zhǔn)備翻譯，這時先找一些有關(guān)的資料或同類文章的譯文看一看，在詞語和風(fēng)格方面定會有所借鑒。別人的譯文是別人直接實踐的產(chǎn)物，看了別人的譯文，就是從事間接實踐。從總結(jié)經(jīng)驗的角度來看，直接實踐和間接實踐具有同等的價值。因此，有空的時候，找一些譯文來，尤其是好的譯文，加以研究，總結(jié)出一些規(guī)律性的東西，對于提高自己的翻譯能力是大有好處的。

經(jīng)過這幾天的翻譯實踐，心里感觸良多，收獲也頗多，從中也學(xué)到了很多東西，總結(jié)出了幾點(diǎn)體會：

一、翻譯的工作性質(zhì)需要我們仔細(xì)、認(rèn)真并且耐心。翻譯是一項慢中出細(xì)活的工作，要坐得住，穩(wěn)得住，要一絲不茍地對待，字字斟酌，句句思量，嚴(yán)格遵守“信、雅、達(dá)”的翻譯標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，力求把譯文翻譯得通順準(zhǔn)確，忠實原文。

二、英語和其他學(xué)科知識的積累。毫無疑問，要想成為一個出色的翻譯工作者，就必須同時具有高水平的語言能力和某一領(lǐng)域的專業(yè)知識。這一次的翻譯實踐大大拓寬了我的視野，積累了不少專業(yè)的英語詞匯，也逐漸認(rèn)清科技英語文章的翻譯特點(diǎn)。

三、計算機(jī)操作能力需要提高，尤其是中英文打字的水平?，F(xiàn)在翻譯文章無不需要借助于電腦，翻譯的過程中直接考驗了一個人的打字水平，現(xiàn)在我的中文打字速度還不是很快，所以，我要多多加強(qiáng)我的打字能力。

四、為成為一個合格的翻譯者打下了基礎(chǔ)。在這次的翻譯過程中，我學(xué)到了很多的翻譯技巧，這對我來說是一個很大的收獲。我相信自己的能力，對自己的翻譯生涯充滿了熱切的期待。也許我不是天才，不能一下子就成為優(yōu)秀的翻譯者，但我愿意先從一個合格的翻譯者做起，從合格到優(yōu)秀，一直努力，一直在進(jìn)步，這才是我一生所應(yīng)該追求的夢想。

書山有路勤為徑，學(xué)海無涯苦作舟。在這幾天的專業(yè)實習(xí)的翻譯實訓(xùn)中，我學(xué)習(xí)到了很多東西，也發(fā)現(xiàn)自己的翻譯水平更待提高。在以后的日子里，要多多練習(xí)英語翻譯，努力提高英語翻譯水平，為迎接往后的挑戰(zhàn)做好充分的準(zhǔn)備。

第四篇：英語專業(yè)翻譯實習(xí)報告

實習(xí)報告

-----英語專業(yè)翻譯實習(xí)報告

在結(jié)束大學(xué)的三年生活之后，為了能充分將所學(xué)的知識轉(zhuǎn)化為工作能力，為了能更好地了解自我，鍛煉自身的社會活動能力，了解社會現(xiàn)實，為明年畢業(yè)、就業(yè)做好準(zhǔn)備。今年暑期我在昆明風(fēng)動新科技集團(tuán)發(fā)展有限公司進(jìn)行了為期半個月的實習(xí)。

昆明風(fēng)動新科技集團(tuán)發(fā)展有限公司位于昆明市昆明民族高新科技工業(yè)開發(fā)區(qū)，科泰路M-12。昆明風(fēng)動新技術(shù)集團(tuán)發(fā)展有限公司，是中國煙草機(jī)械總公司專業(yè)生產(chǎn)大型煙草預(yù)壓打包機(jī)、氣力式煙絲輸送分配系統(tǒng)的國內(nèi)定點(diǎn)廠，是昆明市人民政府扶優(yōu)扶強(qiáng)重點(diǎn)扶持的骨干企業(yè)，是云南省科技廳認(rèn)定的高新技術(shù)企業(yè)，是國家制糖機(jī)械設(shè)計制造的重點(diǎn)企業(yè)。經(jīng)過近幾年的產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整以及公司整體的產(chǎn)權(quán)制度改革，現(xiàn)已發(fā)展成為以煙草機(jī)械為主體，機(jī)械立體物流倉庫（立體車庫）、制糖機(jī)械、蜂窩紙板生產(chǎn)線及蜂窩紙制品、金屬屋面系統(tǒng)等業(yè)務(wù)多元化發(fā)展的現(xiàn)代股份制企業(yè)。

從6月16日到7月8日，我進(jìn)行了為其3周的實習(xí)，每天早上8點(diǎn)鐘上班，開始了一天忙碌的工作，中午有一個小時的午休，下午5點(diǎn)整下班。實習(xí)期間主要負(fù)責(zé)翻譯資料填寫表格。

我與其他兩位同學(xué)一起來到公司實習(xí)，我們?nèi)私M每天早上基本上都能夠提前10分鐘到達(dá)公司。在工作時間認(rèn)真完成工作；在休息時間與公司的人員多溝通交流，通過一周的實習(xí)，我基本上適應(yīng)了公司的環(huán)境。而公司人員都非常支持我們的工作，提供了忠實的意見與寶貴的機(jī)會來提升鍛煉我們的能力，而正是這些信任給了我們進(jìn)步的壓力與動力，讓我們有了緊迫感。

我被分到了人力資源部，第一天就接到了翻譯“SGS的焊工資格認(rèn)證書的任務(wù)”，這對我來說是一個艱巨的任務(wù)，因為里面的專業(yè)術(shù)語太多，而且很多是縮略語，需要到網(wǎng)上查閱大量的資料才能確定如何翻譯。而且有些詞是有兩種意義的，例如：NA，它一方面可以表示“無”，另外也可以表示“國家級的”，兩種意思差別巨大，而且無上下文可以聯(lián)系進(jìn)行判斷。最終，在翻閱大量資料后，我確定NA是無的意思。所以我覺得要更優(yōu)質(zhì)、更高效地完成工作必要的工具書是不可或缺的。

因此我充分意識到了，雖然在學(xué)校里學(xué)了很多英語單詞掌握了英語語法與常用術(shù)語，但是對專業(yè)英語詞匯以及用法卻知之甚少，所以工作之余要下很大的功夫熟悉這方面的術(shù)語并且向朋友借了一本專業(yè)翻譯詞典。

我們工作的時候應(yīng)該認(rèn)真仔細(xì)，要知道稍微的疏忽可能會給公司帶來巨大的損失。所以工作的時候盡量與別人合作。例如，翻譯工作，難免會發(fā)生錯誤，所以我會請別人校正，以保證準(zhǔn)確無誤的完成工作。

作為一名實習(xí)生我們首先要端正心態(tài)，心態(tài)決定這我們的工作狀態(tài)，不要認(rèn)為“我們還是學(xué)校的學(xué)生”，就可以做好做壞無所謂，上班可以遲到，有事沒事可以經(jīng)常請假。應(yīng)該把自己看成該單位的試用期員工，這樣有利于我們未來的就業(yè)，達(dá)到實習(xí)目的。

我覺得做事應(yīng)當(dāng)先學(xué)會做人。我們應(yīng)該與同事形成一種良好的關(guān)系，互幫互助。當(dāng)在地上發(fā)現(xiàn)垃圾，或者有誰的東西掉到地上時，應(yīng)當(dāng)主動地?fù)炱鹄?。上下班的時候幫助同事們開關(guān)門窗，檢查用電情況，這都是我們實習(xí)生應(yīng)當(dāng)做的。不論實習(xí)工作是否對口，我們都應(yīng)當(dāng)努力去做，我想任何的工作都會是我們將來工作的一部分，去填寫表格文件，處理文字資料我們都應(yīng)當(dāng)認(rèn)真對待。在實習(xí)中，我經(jīng)常幫助大家做些電腦方面的事情。這或許就是一種主動積極的做事方法。

作為單位的新人，我們對業(yè)務(wù)往往不熟，甚至還會出錯。例如：一次填寫表格，我的確是按要求把“居住在公司宿舍的人”的居住地址寫成科泰路，但我卻沒有注意居住在其他宿舍的不能寫成科泰路，犯了一次小錯誤。所以我們一定要虛心請教，避免犯些錯誤。向人請教還有一點(diǎn)好處，就是他們的工作經(jīng)驗會是你少走很多彎路，例如我在做一個表格的時候，欣欣自喜，因為我覺得我年輕，做那種表格會比別人快很多，結(jié)果我累了一上午，終于把表格做好，卻發(fā)現(xiàn)他們在審閱的時候用了另外一種方法。我一直在旁邊看著，我覺得這是工作中的一種學(xué)習(xí)與收獲。

我第一天就因為坐得久了或者不習(xí)慣這里的生活而感到疲倦，有點(diǎn)坐著不耐煩。但是過了幾天，我慢慢的開始習(xí)慣了這種辦公室的生活?，F(xiàn)在在辦公室，有閑的時候就會看一些英語方面的資料，有時候和大家談?wù)?，感受辦公室的生活，積累工作經(jīng)驗。我覺得這次實習(xí)對我影響最大的就是讓我在工作實踐中領(lǐng)悟到了工作作風(fēng)以及在工作過程中專業(yè)知識對工作的重要性，以及讓我體會到了工作的生活。

半個月的實習(xí)生活，使我真正體會到作為一名辦公室工作人員的忙碌生活。雖然我的事情并不多，但我的同事們不停地在工作，中午只有一個小時的時間休息，有時候還要主動加班。甚至有一天公司停電，同事們還要處理、裝訂文件。辦公室的生活其實是很忙碌的，并不像我以前想的那樣悠然自得，不用去做什么累人的體力活。

這次實習(xí)是我人生中的一次重要的經(jīng)歷，對將來走上工作崗位產(chǎn)生積極地影響。我體會到了專業(yè)知識與工作閱歷對工作的技巧與工作效率的深刻影響。我充分明白了理論結(jié)合實際的現(xiàn)實意義。在工作中提升自我，與不斷提升自己的素質(zhì)的重要性。

第五篇：英語專業(yè)翻譯 實習(xí)報告

實習(xí)報告

-----英語專業(yè)翻譯實習(xí)報告

在年后的日子，為了能充分將所學(xué)的知識轉(zhuǎn)化為工作能力，為了能更好地了解自我，鍛煉自身的社會活動能力，了解社會現(xiàn)實，為明年畢業(yè)、就業(yè)做好準(zhǔn)備。今年暑期我在南陽金牛電器有限公司進(jìn)行了為期三周的實習(xí)。

南陽金牛電氣有限公司成立于2007年，總投資2000萬元，占地面積20000平方米，河南省高新技術(shù)企業(yè)，專業(yè)生產(chǎn)防雷避雷電氣產(chǎn)品，產(chǎn)品主要有金屬氧化物電阻片、氧化鋅避雷器、高能電阻器、壓敏電阻器、跌落式熔斷器、復(fù)合絕緣子、隔離開關(guān)等。

從2月7日到2月26日，我進(jìn)行了為其3周的實習(xí)，每天早上8點(diǎn)鐘上班，開始了一天忙碌的工作，中午有一個小時的午休，下午5點(diǎn)整下班。實習(xí)期間主要負(fù)責(zé)翻譯資料填寫表格。

我與其他兩位同學(xué)一起來到公司實習(xí)，我們?nèi)私M每天早上基本上都能夠提前10分鐘到達(dá)公司。在工作時間認(rèn)真完成工作；在休息時間與公司的人員多溝通交流，通過一周的實習(xí)，我基本上適應(yīng)了公司的環(huán)境。而公司人員都非常支持我們的工作，提供了忠實的意見與寶貴的機(jī)會來提升鍛煉我們的能力，而正是這些信任給了我們進(jìn)步的壓力與動力，讓我們有了緊迫感。

我被分到了人力資源部，第一天就接到了翻譯“SGS的焊工資格認(rèn)證書的任務(wù)”，這對我來說是一個艱巨的任務(wù)，因為里面的專業(yè)術(shù)語太多，而且很多是縮略語，需要到網(wǎng)上查閱大量的資料才能確定如何翻譯。而且有些詞是有兩種意義的，例如：NA，它一方面可以表示“無”，另外也可以表示“國家級的”，兩種意思差別巨大，而且無上下文可以聯(lián)系進(jìn)行判斷。最終，在翻閱大量資料后，我確定NA是無的意思。所以我覺得要更優(yōu)質(zhì)、更高效地完成工作必要的工具書是不可或缺的。

因此我充分意識到了，雖然在學(xué)校里學(xué)了很多英語單詞掌握了英語語法與常用術(shù)語，但是對專業(yè)英語詞匯以及用法卻知之甚少，所以工作之余要下很大的功夫熟悉這方面的術(shù)語并且向朋友借了一本專業(yè)翻譯詞典。

我們工作的時候應(yīng)該認(rèn)真仔細(xì)，要知道稍微的疏忽可能會給公司帶來巨大的損失。所以工作的時候盡量與別人合作。例如，翻譯工作，難免會發(fā)生錯誤，所以我會請別人校正，以保證準(zhǔn)確無誤的完成工作。

作為一名實習(xí)生我們首先要端正心態(tài)，心態(tài)決定這我們的工作狀態(tài)，不要認(rèn)為“我們還是學(xué)校的學(xué)生”，就可以做好做壞無所謂，上班可以遲到，有事沒事可以經(jīng)常請假。應(yīng)該把自己看成該單位的試用期員工，這樣有利于我們未來的就業(yè)，達(dá)到實習(xí)目的。

我覺得做事應(yīng)當(dāng)先學(xué)會做人。我們應(yīng)該與同事形成一種良好的關(guān)系，互幫互助。當(dāng)在地上發(fā)現(xiàn)垃圾，或者有誰的東西掉到地上時，應(yīng)當(dāng)主動地?fù)炱鹄?。上下班的時候幫助同事們開關(guān)門窗，檢查用電情況，這都是我們實習(xí)生應(yīng)當(dāng)做的。不論實習(xí)工作是否對口，我們都應(yīng)當(dāng)努力去做，我想任何的工作都會是我們將來工作的一部分，去填寫表格文件，處理文字資料我們都應(yīng)當(dāng)認(rèn)真對待。在實習(xí)中，我經(jīng)常幫助大家做些電腦方面的事情。這或許就是一種主動積極的做事方法。

作為單位的新人，我們對業(yè)務(wù)往往不熟，甚至還會出錯。例如：一次填寫表格，我的確是按要求把“居住在公司宿舍的人”的居住地址寫成大同路，但我卻沒有注意居住在其他宿舍的不能寫成大同路，犯了一次小錯誤。所以我們一定要虛心請教，避免犯些錯誤。向人請教還有一點(diǎn)好處，就是他們的工作經(jīng)驗會是你少走很多彎路，例如我在做一個表格的時候，欣欣自喜，因為我覺得我年輕，做那種表格會比別人快很多，結(jié)果我累了一上午，終于把表格做好，卻發(fā)現(xiàn)他們在審閱的時候用了另外一種方法。我一直在旁邊看著，我覺得這是工作中的一種學(xué)習(xí)與收獲。

我第一天就因為坐得久了或者不習(xí)慣這里的生活而感到疲倦，有點(diǎn)坐著不耐煩。但是過了幾天，我慢慢的開始習(xí)慣了這種辦公室的生活?，F(xiàn)在在辦公室，有閑的時候就會看一些英語方面的資料，有時候和大家談?wù)?，感受辦公室的生活，積累工作經(jīng)驗。我覺得這次實習(xí)對我影響最大的就是讓我在工作實踐中領(lǐng)悟到了工作作風(fēng)以及在工作過程中專業(yè)知識對工作的重要性，以及讓我體會到了工作的生活。

半個月的實習(xí)生活，使我真正體會到作為一名辦公室工作人員的忙碌生活。雖然我的事情并不多，但我的同事們不停地在工作，中午只有一個小時的時間休息，有時候還要主動加班。甚至有一天公司停電，同事們還要處理、裝訂文件。

辦公室的生活其實是很忙碌的，并不像我以前想的那樣悠然自得，不用去做什么累人的體力活。

這次實習(xí)是我人生中的一次重要的經(jīng)歷，對將來走上工作崗位產(chǎn)生積極地影響。我體會到了專業(yè)知識與工作閱歷對工作的技巧與工作效率的深刻影響。我充分明白了理論結(jié)合實際的現(xiàn)實意義。在工作中提升自我，與不斷提升自己的素質(zhì)的重要性。