第一篇：中級口譯筆試部分練習(xí)8篇

Passage 1

I think Chinese businesspeople tend to have business negotiations in a rather indirect manner，as opposed to the more direct style of American businesspeople，who are said to work with the “get-down-to-business-first” mentality.The Chinese-type management encourages cooperation among employees，between the labor and the management，and gives employees a joy of participation and fulfillment，as well as a sense of pride in their work.And most Chinese try to find the meaning of life through working in their jobs，and view work as essential for having membership in a community.The American-type，or the top-down，management emphasizes efficiency，and competition among workers.The American work ethic seems to be more individual oriented.Traditionally，Americans work because it is the will of God，and often value the results and accomplishments of work more than its process.我認為中國人在商務(wù)談判時傾向于使用一種迂回婉轉(zhuǎn)的方式，而那些被認為在工作時具有一 種“公務(wù)為先”的心態(tài)的美國人則往往表現(xiàn)出較為直截了當?shù)淖黠L(fēng)。中國式的管理方式鼓勵員工之間的合作，也鼓勵普通員工和管理人員之間的合作，使員工有一種喜悅的參與感和成就感，使他們對自己的工作產(chǎn)生一種自豪感。大多數(shù)中國人想從工作中找到生活的意義，他們將工作視為成為團體中一份子的必不可缺的條件。美國式的自下而上的管理方式注重效率，注重員工之間的競爭。美國人的工作觀有較強的個體取向性。美國人一直認為，工作是秉承了上帝的意志，對工作成果的重視常常高于對工作過程的重視。

Passage 2

In the short period of six days，we have gone a longer distance than the world-renowned “Long March”。We have acquired a keen sense of the diversity，dynamism，and progress of China under your policies of reform and opening to the outside world.My wife and I have a special regard and personal friendship for the people of China.Beijing is for us an old and nostalgic home.During our stay here ten years ago we spent a great deal of memorable time with the people here——working，shopping，sightseeing，and touring the city on our bicycles.Those were happy days.They were good days，important days.We were part of the dramatic process which brought us back together and set us on the road to a genuine friendly and cooperative relationship.Nonetheless，problems remain in our economic，education and strategic relations.While we are not so naive as to believe that there are no issues of difference between us，I also believe that our differences are greatly overshadowed by issues which bind us and strengthen our relationship.在短暫的六天里，我們的行程超過了舉世聞名的“長征”。在改革開放政策引導(dǎo)下的中國，氣象萬千，充滿活力，不斷進步，這些我們都已強烈的感受到了。我和我夫人對中國人民懷有一種特殊的敬慕之情和個人友誼。對我們兩人來說，北京是我們思念的故鄉(xiāng)。十年前我們在此生活期間，我們與這里的人們一起度過了許多難忘的時光—— 我們在這里工作、購物、觀光、騎自行車逛城。那是一些令人愉快的日子，一些美好的日子，一些意義重大的日子。我們參與了富有戲劇性的轉(zhuǎn)變過程，這種轉(zhuǎn)變使我們重新走到一起，使我們踏上了一條通往建立一種真誠友好的合作關(guān)系的道路。然而，我們在經(jīng)濟、教育以及戰(zhàn)略關(guān)系中仍然存在著問題。一方面，我們不會天真的以為我們之間不存在分歧，另一方面，我也認為那些將我們聯(lián)系在一起并且強化我們關(guān)系的事務(wù)，在很大程度上弱化了我們之間的差異。

Passage 3

The Washington National Cathedral is one of the largest and most famous religious centers in the United States.It belongs to the Episcopal Church.The official name of the building id the Cathedral Church of Saint Peter and Saint Paul.The National Cathedral was built with money from private citizens.The work started in 1907，and the Cathedral was not completely finished until 1990.The first stone was laid in the presence of President Theodore Roosevelt.Every President of the United States since then has attended services or visited the Cathedral.It looks like many of the great religious centers built in Europe about 800 years ago.The building is shaped like a cross or the letter T.in the center is a bell tower 91 meters high.Two more towers stand at the bottom of the cross.Two hundred windows are set high in the walls of the National Cathedral.Most are made of many pieces of colored glass.They color the sunlight as it enters the building and spills across the floor.Some windows have flower designs.Others have images from Christian stories or from American heroes.華盛頓國家大教堂是美國規(guī)模最大、最負盛名的宗教中心之一，隸屬主教派教會。該建筑的正式名稱是圣彼得和圣保羅大教堂。國家大教堂是由私人贊助建造起來的。工程開始于1907年，直到1990年才完全竣工。奠基石是當著當時西奧多。羅斯?？偨y(tǒng)的面放置的。從那以后的每一任美國總統(tǒng)都參加過這里舉行的宗教禮儀活動，或參觀過大教堂。大教堂看起來像歐洲許多建于800年前的宗教大中心，形狀像個“十”字，或像字母T，中間聳立了一座高達91 米的鐘樓，另外兩座塔樓坐落在十字形底部。200扇窗戶高高的嵌在國家大教堂的墻上。大多數(shù)窗都由多塊彩色玻璃拼成，射入建筑內(nèi)的陽光被彩色玻璃染得五彩繽紛，灑落在大教堂一側(cè)的地坪上，有些窗戶有花卉圖案，有些窗的畫面則是一些有關(guān)基督教的故事或美國歷史英雄的形象。Passage 4

Innovation starts at the top，and it is important for leaders to create an environment where innovation is constant，where people have the skills and incentives to think creatively.In doing so，you attract talents that want to contribute to that environment，creating a virtuous cycle for the company.Shanghai’s leadership has worked hard to create an environment where businesses can succeed.For example，Shanghai’s transportation links to the world，including Pudong International Airport and the new deep water port facility，have achieved world-class status We live in an era where innovation is central to economic growth and prosperity.It is comfortable to hold onto the old ways of doing business.But innovation is hard because it usually leads to change.Innovation requires new ideas，new processes，and new institutions.New technologies and approaches can radically change an existing market，creating new customers and competitions.But innovation and its accompanying disruption can be managed through good leadership，a long term strategy，and good people.President Hu Jintao stated at the beginning of this year that “Innovation is the core of the nation’s competitiveness.”

創(chuàng)新從領(lǐng)導(dǎo)層開始做起。領(lǐng)導(dǎo)層必須營造一個可以不斷創(chuàng)新的環(huán)境，以激勵人們的創(chuàng)新思維。這樣的環(huán)境可以吸引那些樂于創(chuàng)新的人才，從而使公司得到良性發(fā)展。上海的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)努力為企業(yè)營造可取得成功的環(huán)境。例如，浦東國際機場和新的深水港等設(shè)施的建立，使上海與世界的交通連接達到了世界級的水平。我們生活在一個以創(chuàng)新驅(qū)動經(jīng)濟發(fā)展和繁榮的時代。墨守成規(guī)確實舒服愜意，而改革創(chuàng)新則困難重重，因為創(chuàng)新往往引發(fā)變革。創(chuàng)新需要新思想，新程序和新機制。新技術(shù)和新方法會劇烈的改變現(xiàn)行的市場秩序，既帶來新的公司客戶，也帶來新的競爭對手，但是，如果我們有英明的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)，長期的戰(zhàn)略以及優(yōu)秀的人才，創(chuàng)新活動及其所伴隨的沖擊是可控的。******主席在年初時曾說過：“創(chuàng)新是國家的核心競爭力?！?/p>

Passage 5

What will the role of universities be in this globalized economy? How will they contribute to improving society through innovation that will improve the quality of life and support economic growth? How will they prepare their graduates who will extract the best and explore the greatest in this increasingly complex society? It is important to remember that undergraduate education and post-graduate education are tightly linked to research.Our education programs should ensure that the students are learning in an atmosphere characterized by the pursuit of new knowledge and process of discovery.An interrelated educational program will create a flow of young，bright and uninhibitedminds to work on the frontier of discovery.The fundamental mission of a university is the creation of new knowledge which sometimes has immediate practical applications.But that can never be the only goal.And making it a primary goal will frequently be short-sighted.Basic contributions to knowledge should be valued for being exactly that.Our university has an almost unique role in fostering such contribution.Choosing the right people is the first and perhaps the most crucial step in ensuring an innovative environment.There are three types of people that can be important.The first class of individuals consists of fanciful visionaries.The second class of important people in innovative environment consists of revolutionary explorers.The third class of individuals consists of uninhibited executors.在這個經(jīng)濟全球化的時代背景下，大學(xué)將扮演怎樣的角色呢?大學(xué)將如何通過旨在提高生活質(zhì)量、推動經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的創(chuàng)新活動進而推動社會的進步呢?在這個日新月異、充滿變數(shù)的社會，大學(xué)又將如何培養(yǎng)那些善于取精用弘的學(xué)生呢?我們應(yīng)該認識到，本科生教育和研究生教育都與研究緊密相連。我們的教育應(yīng)該為學(xué)生創(chuàng)造一種可以探尋新知識、帶來新發(fā)現(xiàn)的氛圍，將教學(xué)與研究融合在一起的教育可以培養(yǎng)一批活躍在探索前沿、聰穎開放的青年才俊。大學(xué)最根本的使命就是創(chuàng)造新知識，雖然大學(xué)所創(chuàng)造的新知識有時會立即產(chǎn)生實際應(yīng)用價值，但這決不是大學(xué)所追求的唯一目標。將獲取實際應(yīng)用價值的目標定位大學(xué)的主要目標是一種短視行為?；A(chǔ)研究也同樣是大學(xué)的使命，而且大學(xué)在推動基礎(chǔ)研究方面能發(fā)揮獨特的作用。選對人是確保創(chuàng)新型研究環(huán)境的首要因素，也是最為關(guān)鍵的因素。選人要選三種人：第一種人是想法活躍的思想家，第二種人是富有革命精神的探索家，第三種人是不受常規(guī)約束的實干家。Passage 6

中國國際出版集團是中國最大的、最權(quán)威的外語出版發(fā)行單位，其前身是中央人民政府新聞出版署國際新聞局。我集團堅持“讓中國走向世界，讓世界了解中國”的出版原則，全心致力于中國外語教育與研究事業(yè)的發(fā)展，全心致力于中外文化交流事業(yè)的拓展。為了加強對出版人才隊伍的建設(shè)，為了滿足日益增長的特殊出版業(yè)務(wù)的需要，我集團每年都要選派一些青年員工到國內(nèi)外知名高等學(xué)府和研究機構(gòu)進修，根據(jù)我們的發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略，我們會將前進的步伐邁出國界走向世界，瞄準海外讀者群，這一戰(zhàn)略已取得了良好的開局。

The China International Publishing Group is the largest and the most authoritativeforeign language publishing and distribution establishment，its predecessor being the International Press Bureau of the Central People’s Government Press and Publication Administration.Adhering to the publishing philosophy of “assisting China’s march to the world and facilitating world’s understanding of China”，the Group commits itself entirely to promoting foreign language education and research in China and advancing cultural exchanges between China and foreign countries.In order to build up a strong team of publishing staff，as well as to meet the growing need of more technically demanding business，the Group makes it a rule that young staff be selected and sent to noted universities and research institutions，both domestic and overseas，for further studies.As is clearly spelled out in our new development strategy，we will go beyond our national boundaries and wedge ourselves into the world circulation market，aiming at the international readership.Our initial efforts have been very rewarding.Passage 7

改革開放30 年來，隨著中國逐漸崛起成為政治經(jīng)濟強國，海外人士學(xué)習(xí)漢語的現(xiàn)象與日俱增，海外孔子學(xué)院也成了人們學(xué)習(xí)中國語言和中國文化的首選之地。通過學(xué)習(xí)漢語，他們對這個和自己文化大相徑庭的古老文明產(chǎn)生了濃厚的興趣，而且有機會了解中國的哲學(xué)、藝術(shù)、醫(yī)學(xué)、飲食文化，親身體驗這個文明古國的風(fēng)采。作為第二文化，中國文化也豐富了他們的生活和世界觀?？梢哉f，這個潮流方興未艾。越來越多的學(xué)習(xí)漢語的美國人除了對中國菜肴贊不絕口之外，也在嘗試針灸，草藥和武術(shù)。他們也看功夫電影，學(xué)習(xí)東方時裝潮流和手工藝，不知不覺的在日常生活中談及中國的點心，人參、銀杏，烏龍茶等。目前在美國最熱門的中國文化是道家學(xué)說和有著神秘色彩的風(fēng)水學(xué).As China is rising as a political and economic world power，thanks to its three-decade reform and opening up，more and more people in overseas countries start to learn Chinese and turn to a Confucius Institute in their own countries as their first choice learning Chinese language and Chinese culture.During the learning process，the learners concurrently develop their interest in this ancient land，whose civilization is so vastly different from theirs.And the learners have opportunities to learn about Chinese philosophy，art，architecture，medicine and catering culture and experience first-hand the splendors of this venerablecivilization.As the second culture，Chinese culture has enriched the life and world outlook of the learners.This trend，so to speak，is gathering momentum and is there to stay.Apart from their love for Chinese cuisine，more and more American learners of Chinese language are turning to Chinese acupuncture，herbal medicines，martial arts.They are also interested in kongfu films，fashions and crafts.Seemingly outlandishwords such as dim sum，ginseng，gingko，oolongcha have crept into their everyday language.The latest Chinese cultural icons to make its impact there are Taoism，and ancient school of thought，and fengshui，an ancient art of placement.Passage 8

過去10年，海平面升高和森林砍伐的速度都是前所未有的;生態(tài)惡化、物種滅絕、臭氧層被破壞、溫室效應(yīng)、酸雨等一系列環(huán)境問題已經(jīng)嚴重影響到人類的生存環(huán)境。環(huán)境惡化造成的問題之一就是缺水。目前全世界40%以上的人口，即20 多億人，面臨缺水問題。據(jù)預(yù)測，未來25 年全球人口將由60 億增長到80 億，環(huán)境保護面臨更大的壓力。中國作為一個發(fā)展中國家，面臨著發(fā)展經(jīng)濟和保護環(huán)境的雙重任務(wù)。從國情出發(fā)，中國在全面推進現(xiàn)代化的過程中，將環(huán)境保護視為一項基本國策。眾所周知，對生態(tài)環(huán)境和生物多樣性的保護是環(huán)保工作的重點。我國野生動植物物種豐富，僅脊椎動物就有6000 多種左右，高等植物3 萬多種。

Sea level rose and forest were destroyed at an unprecedented rate during the last decade.A series of environmental problems such as the deterioration of ecosystem，the extinction of bio-species，damage to the ozone layer，the green-house effect，acid rain，have posed a serious threat to human living conditions.Environmental crisis leads to one of the serious problems，namely，water shortage.Presently，more than 40% of the world’s population，more than 2 billion people，now face water shortage.It is predicted that with the global population expected to increase from six billion to eight billion over the next 25 years，more pressure on environmental protection stress is expected.As a developing country，China is confronted with the dual task of developing the economy and protecting the environment.Proceeding from its national conditions，China has，in the process of promoting its overall modernization program，made environmental protection one of its basic state policies.It is known to all that protection of the ecological environment and biodiversity is the focal point of environmental protection work.China is rich in wildlife species.There are about 6，000 vertebrates alone and 30，000 species of higher plants.

第二篇：2011年上海中級口譯筆試試題及部分答案

2011年上海中級口譯筆試試題及部分答案

Questions 1—5 The purpose of the American court system is to protect the rights of the people.According to American law，if someone is accused of a crime，he or she is considered innocent until the court proves that the person is guilty.In other words，it is the responsibility of the court to prove that a person is guilty.It is not the responsibility of the person to prove that he or she is innocent.In order to arrest a person，the police have to be reasonably sure that a crime has been committed.The police must give the suspect the reasons why they are arresting him and tell him his rights under the law.Then the police take the suspect to the police station to “book” him.“Booking means that the name of the person and the charges against him are formally listed at the police station.The next step is for the suspect to go before a judge.The judge decides whether the suspect should be kept in jail or released.If the suspect has no previous criminal record and the judge feels that he will return to court rather than run away—for example，because he owns a house and has a family—he can go free.Otherwise，the suspect must put up bail.At this time，too，the judge will appoint a court layer to defend the suspect if he can’t afford one.The suspect returns to court a week or two later.A lawyer from the district attorney’s office presents a case against the suspect.This is called a hearing.The attorney may present evidence as well as witnesses.The judge at the hearing then decides whether there is enough reason to hold a trial.If the judge decides that there is sufficient evidence to call for a trial，he or she sets a date for the suspect to appear in court to formally plead guilty or not guilty.At the trial，a jury of 12 people listens to the evidence from both attorneys and hears the testimony of the witnesses.Then the jury goes into a private room to consider the evidence and decide whether the defendant is guilty of the crime.If the jury decides that the defendant is innocent，he goes free.However，if he is convicted，the judge sets a date for the defendant to appear in court again for sentencing.At this time，the judge tells the convicted person what his punishment will be.The judge may sentence him to prison，order him to pay a fine，or place him on probation.The American justice system is very complex and sometimes operates slowly.However，every step is designed to protect the rights of the people.These individual rights are the basis，or foundation，of the American government.1.What is the main idea of the passage？

（A）The American court system requires that a suspect prove that he or she is innocent.（B）The US court system is designed to protect the rights of the people.（C）Under the American court system，judge decides if a suspect is innocent or guilty.（D）The US court system is designed to help the police present a case against the suspect.2.What follows ‘in other words’（para.1）？（A）An example of the previous sentence.（B）A new idea about the court system.（C）An item of evidence to call for a trial.（D）A restatement of the previous sentence.3.According to the passage，‘he can go free’（para.3）means _________.（A）the suspect is free to choose a lawyer to defend him（B）the suspect does not have to go to trial because the judge has decided he is innocent（C）the suspect will be informed by mail whether he is innocent or not（D）the suspect does not have to wait in jail or pay money until he goes to trial 4.What is the purpose of having the suspect pay bail？（A）To pay for the judge and the trial.（B）To pay for a court lawyer to defend the suspect.（C）To ensure that the suspect will return to court.（D）To ensure that the suspect will appear in prison.5.According to the passage，which of the following statements is true？

（A）The American justice system sometimes operates slowly.（B）The police can arrest a suspect without giving any reasons.（C）It is the responsibility of the suspect to prove he is innocent.（D）The jury considers the evidence in the court room.Questions 6—10

So you’ve got an invention—you and around 39，000 others each year，according to 2002 statistics！

The 64，000-dollar question，if you have come up with a device which you believe to be the answer to the energy crisis or you’ve invented a lawnmower which cuts grass with a jet of water（not so daft，someone has invented one），is how to ensure you’re the one to reap the rewards of your ingenuity.How will all you garden shed boffins out there keep others from capitalizing on your ideas and lining their pockets at your expense？

One of the first steps to protect your interest is to patent your invention.That can keep it out of the grasp of the pirates for at least the next 20 years.And for this reason inventors in their droves beat a constant trail from all over the country to the doors of an anonymous grey-fronted building just behind London’s Holborn to try and patent their devices.The first ‘letters patent’ were granted as long ago as 1449 to a Flemish craftsman by the name of John Utynam.The letters，written in Latin，are still on file at the office.They were granted by King Henry VI and entitled Utynam to ‘import into this country’ his knowledge of making stained glass windows in order to install such windows at Eton College.Present-day patents procedure is a more sophisticated affair than getting a go-ahead note from the monarch.These days the strict procedures governing whether you get a patent for your revolutionary mouse-trap or solar-powered back-scratcher have been reduced to a pretty exact science.From start to finish it will take around two and a half years and cost ￡165 for the inventor to gain patent protection for his brainchild.That’s if he’s lucky.By no means all who apply to the Patent Office，which is a branch of the Department of Trade，get a patent.A key man at the Patent Office is Bernard Partridge，Principal Examiner（Administration），who boils down to one word the vital ingredient any inventor needs before he can hope to overcome the many hurdles in the complex procedure of obtaining a patent—‘ingenuity’。6.People take out a patent because they want to __________.（A）keep their ideas from being stolen（B）reap the rewards of somebody else’s ingenuity（C）visit the patent office building（D）come up with more new devices 7.The phrase ‘the brain-children of inventors’（para.5）means _________.（A）the children with high intelligence（B）the inventions that people come up with（C）a device that a child believes to be the answer to the energy crisis（D）a lawnmower that an individual has invented to cut grass 8.What have the 1600’s machine gun and the present-day laser in common？

（A）Both were approved by the monarch.（B）Both were granted by King Henry VI.（C）Both were rejected by the Department of Trade.（D）Both were patented.9.Why is John Utynam still remembered？

（A）He is the first person to get a patent for his revolutionary mouse-trap.（B）He is the first person to be granted an official patent.（C）He is the first person to be an officer in the Patent Office.（D）He is the first person to have invented a lawnmower.10.According to the passage，how would you describe the complex procedure of obtaining a patent for an invention？（A）It is rather expensive.（B）It is an impossible task.（C）It is extremely difficult.（D）It is very tricky.Questions 11—15

All living cells on earth require moisture for their metabolism.Cereal grains when brought in from the field，although they may appear to be dry，may contain 20 per cent of moisture or more.If they are stored in a bin thus，there is sufficient moisture in them to support several varieties of insects.These insects will，therefore，live and breed and，as they grow and eat the grain，it provides them with biological energy for their life processes.This energy will，just as in man，become manifest as heat.Since the bulk of the grain acts as an insulator，the temperature surrounding the colony of insects will rise so that，not only is part of the grain spoiled by the direct attack of the insects but more may be damaged by the heat.Sometimes，the temperature may even rise to the point where the stored grain catches fire.For safe storage，grain must be dried until its moisture content is 13 per cent or less.Traditional arts of food preservation took advantage of this principle in a number of ways.The plant seeds，wheat，rye，rice，barley millet，maize，are themselves structures evolved by nature to provi-56We are moving inexorably into the age of automation.Our aim is not to devise a mechanism which can perform a thousand different actions of any individual man but，on the contrary，one which could by a single action replace a thousand men.Industrial automation has moved along three lines.First there is the conveyor belt system of continuous production whereby separate operations are linked into a single sequence.The goods produced by this well-established method are untouched by the worker，and the machine replaces both unskilled and semiskilled.Secondly，there is automation with feedback control of the quality of the product： here mechanisms are built into the system which can compare the output with a norm，that is，the actual product with what it is supposed to be，and then correct any shortcomings.The entire cycle of operations dispenses with human control except in so far as monitors are concerned.One or two examples of this type of automation will illustrate its immense possibilities.There is a factory in the U.S.A.which makes 1，000 million electric light bulbs a year，and the factory employs three hundred people.If the preautomation techniques were to be employed，the labour force required would leap to 25，000.A motor manufacturing company with 45，000 spare parts regulates their entire supply entirely by computer.Computers can be entrusted with most of the supervision of industrial installations，such as chemical plants or oil refineries.Thirdly，there is computer automation，for banks，accounting departments，insurance companies and the like.Here the essential features are the recording，storing，sorting and retrieval of information.The principal merit of modern computing machines is the achievement of their vastly greater speed of operation by comparison with unaided human effort;a task which otherwise might take years，if attempted at all，now takes days or hours.One of the most urgent problems of industrial societies rapidly introducing automation is how to fill the time that will be made free by the machines which will take over the tasks of the workers.The question is not simply of filling empty time but also of utilizing the surplus human energy that will be released.We are already seeing straws in the wind： destructive outbursts on the part of youth whose work no longer demands muscular strength.While automation will undoubtedly do away with a large number of tedious jobs，are we sure that it will not put others which are equally tedious in their place？ For an enormous amount of sheer monitoring will be required.A man in an automated plant may have to sit for hours on and watching dials and taking decisive action when some signal informs him that all is not well.What meaning will his occupation bear for the worker？ How will he devote his free time after a four or five hour stint of labor？ Moreover，what，indeed，will be the significance for him of his leisure？ If industry of the future could be purged of its monotony and meaninglessness，man would then be better equipped to use his leisure time constructively.16.The main purpose of automation is _________.（A）to devise the machine which could replace the semi-skilled（B）to process information as fast as possible（C）to develop an efficient labor-saving mechanism（D）to make an individual man perform many different actions 17.The chief benefit of computing machines is ________.（A）their greater speed of operation（B）their control of the product quality（C）their conveyor belt system of continuous production（D）their supervision of industrial installations 18.One of the problems brought about by automation in industrial societies is _________.（A）plenty of information（B）surplus human energy（C）destructive outbursts（D）less leisure time 19.Which of the following best explains the use of ‘stint’（para.4）？

（A）Effort.（B）Force.（C）Excess.（D）Period.20.According to the passage，which of the following statements is true？

（A）There is no automation with feedback control of the quality of the product.（B）Computers are reliable in any supervision of industrial installations.（C）The essential features for banks are the recording and sorting of information.（D）Automation will undoubtedly eliminate numerous tedious jobs.Questions 21—25

The city water pipes in Rome were usually of baked clay or lead;copper was sometimes used and also hollowed stone.For the large supply conduits leading to the city the Romans used covered channels with free water surfaces，rather than pipes.Perhaps this choice was a matter of economics，for apparently they could make lead pipes up to 15 inches in diameter.While pipes can follow the profile of undulating ground，with the pressure increasing in the lower areas，channels cannot.They must slope continuously downwards，because water in channels does not normally flow uphill;and the grade must be flat，from 1 in 60 in small channels to perhaps 1 in 3，000 in large ones，to keep the water speed down to a few feet per second.Thus the main supply channels or aqueducts had long lengths of flat grade and where they crossed depressions or valleys they were carried on elevated stone bridges in the form of tiered arches.At the beginning of the Christian era there were over 30 miles of these raised aqueducts in the 250 miles of channels and tunnels bringing water to Rome.The channels were up to 6 feet wide and 5 to 8 feet high.Sometimes channels were later added on the tops of existing ones.The remains of some of these aqueducts still grace the skyline on the outskirts of Rome and elsewhere in Europe similar ruins are found.Brick and stone drains were constructed in various parts of Rome.The oldest existing one is the Cloaca Maxima which follows the course of an old stream.It dates back at least to the third century B.C.Late-101112（A）People believed that spacecraft would be destroyed in a black hole.（B）People believed that spacecraft would be misguided by missiles.（C）People believed that spacecraft would be collided with a star.（D）People believed that spacecraft would be damaged by meteorites.29.What is the greatest danger to life on Earth？（A）Collision with small high-speed missiles.（B）Collision with an astronomical body.（C）Collision with stones from the sky.（D）Collision with spacecrafts.30.According to the passage，which of the following statements is true？

（A）Our galaxy contains great interstellar dust clouds.（B）Near misses of bodies smaller than our own planet could be disastrous.（C）The probability of collision with a large astronomical body is very high.（D）The chances of anyone actually being hit by missiles are very high.SECTION 3： TRANSLATION TEST（30 minutes）

Directions： Translate the following passage into Chinese and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.The culture of any society is usually thought to be of two kinds： material and nonmaterial.Material culture includes the man-made phenomena which have physical properties such as height，breadth，and wei-14

第三篇：中級口譯筆試復(fù)習(xí)方法

譯考試的腳步越來越近了，考前兩周的時間里，準備考試的你到底應(yīng)該準備些什么呢？如果之前還沒有開始好好復(fù)習(xí)，那從現(xiàn)在開始臨陣磨槍吧！不到最后關(guān)頭，絕不浪費任何復(fù)習(xí)機會！1.首先做一整套真題。

有很多同學(xué)復(fù)習(xí)的時候會選擇分部分進行練習(xí)，這并不是不可取，但沖刺階段，建議大家至少留兩套完整真題。第一套在考前一個月左右做，另一套在考前三天到一周左右的時間做。在這之前，大家通過上課、做練習(xí)已經(jīng)對自己的薄弱環(huán)節(jié)有一定的了解了，那么經(jīng)過一段時間的積累，現(xiàn)在進展如何了呢？做這一套真題，幫你了解前一階段的學(xué)習(xí)成果，細致定位薄弱環(huán)節(jié)：比如之前知道自己聽力部分是弱項，經(jīng)過一段時間的努力，Spot Dictation 錯誤率降低了，選擇題基本沒什么大問題了，句子聽譯也有明顯的改善??那么接下來就要研究一下錯題，比如看一下Spot Dictation是因為單詞聽不清、不會拼而扣分還是因為跟不上而扣分?；ㄏ鄬Χ嗟臅r間在失誤多的地方，不要盲目做真題、模擬題。此外，這個時候做完整的真題，要盡量掐好時間，以便在后面幾周的復(fù)習(xí)中，針對性地加快做題速度。

2.弱項重點擊破。

對自己的薄弱環(huán)節(jié)有了更清晰的認識之后，下一步當然是要針對性地突擊了。上面也提到了，花相對多的時間在薄弱環(huán)節(jié)上，并不是說其他部分就可以放心不練了。手邊有模擬題的同學(xué)，這段時間可以每天或者每兩天做一套真題，然后針對薄弱環(huán)節(jié)著重練習(xí)。練習(xí)材料可以是教材，也可以是模擬題分項訓(xùn)練。總之，每天每部分都要練習(xí)到，薄弱部分多練一遍，堅持下去。

3.整理錯題及知識點。

做了大量的練習(xí)，不進行錯題整理以及筆記復(fù)習(xí)是萬萬不行的。練到后來可能速度是上去了，但正確率卻遲遲上不去。所以，不論是平時練習(xí)還是考前沖刺，整理環(huán)節(jié)是必不可少的。錯題整理一般包括單詞和知識點的整理。Spot Dictation 以及聽譯部分的生詞以及詞組必整理，閱讀理解部分感覺常出現(xiàn)但老是記不住的單詞必整理，翻譯部分生詞以及重要詞組必整理。此外，還需要注意整理一些小技巧，比如Spot Dictation中碰到的單詞的連讀、弱讀，多整理一下其中的規(guī)則自然而然會有領(lǐng)悟，還有要注意翻譯中用詞的對比，比如說“加強”一詞，就可以有strengthen, enhance, promote等等多個詞與之對應(yīng)，多積累一些這樣的詞在漢譯英中才能避免用詞重復(fù)。

4.考前兩三天回顧。

這個時候再做一套真題，一是對沖刺階段的學(xué)習(xí)成果檢查，二是讓自己適應(yīng)考試氛圍，所以這次的真題建議可以選擇和真正考試相同時間段進行練習(xí)，及時調(diào)整好狀態(tài)，積極應(yīng)考。此外，參加考試必備的準考證、身份證、收音機、耳機、電池、筆等也需要仔細檢查，提前做好準備。

第四篇：中級口譯必備篇

第一篇

Welcoming Speech

Distinguished guest and ladies and gentlemen, it is my great pleasure and honor to have this opportunity to speak on this auspicious occasion of welcoming new student to the University.First of all, I would like to congratulate each and every one of the incoming students here who worked long and hard to win the privilege of studying at this fine university renowned for its excellent international programs.I have heard that 50 different countries are represented here.This is a great opportunity for you to learn from people of different cultures, background, religions and values.You may be dreaming of professional career in international organizations or considering becoming successful in the business world or in academic circles.That’s admirable.Try with all your heart to accomplish it.第二篇

About Recycling I’m going to talk about recycling and how we deal with our rubbish here in Australia.For many of the product we use, we are able to recycle.This is the recycling symbol and this symbol is on many of the product we use.We recycle plastic.We recycle cardboard.We recycle tin.In our home we have two bins: one side for recycling , like plastic;we put all the recycling thing in this side and we put rubbish in that side.The general waste and the recycling go into two bins that are on the footpath beside the road.The yellow bin is the recycling bin and the black bin is for general rubbish.The bins are emptied every week.第三篇

Welcome to the program “Chinese as a foreign language”.We are glad to see that a worldwide interest in Chinese has been increasing at an accelerating tempo in recent years.Considering that Chinese has the largest number of speakers in the world and the longest time span of literature, this interest is long overdue.In a sense, Chinese is a very old language, with its earliest writings dating back nearly four thousand years With the increase in your interest, in due time I will discuss the influence of the Chinese language on the cultural and intellectual development of the Chinese nation

第四篇

We share a common interest in Britain and China working together on bilateral ,multilateral and global issue.We see the relationship between our two countries as among our top international priorities.China’s sustained economic growth and development, and increasing role as a global economic power have enabled the partnership to grow significantly in recent years.We agree to strengthen our countries’ bilateral and multilateral cooperation.Relations flourish In a huge number of areas, from environment to education, development to science and technology.The breadth and depth of China-UK relations are illustrated by the increasing cooperation on a growing number of shared issue of international concern including environmental management and protection, energy , and counter-terrorism

第五篇：中級口譯翻譯練習(xí)+答案

中級口譯翻譯練習(xí)

1.Bill Gates is smiling again.The boyish enthusiasm is back, and the grueling burdens of monopoly lawsuits and dotcom downturns are receding.America’s best-known billionaire is back to doing what he has always done best-designing exciting new products and making barrels of money.The Launch of Office XP,a sophisticated rethink of Microsoft’s most popular business toll at the end of this May,marks merely the opening shot in a forthcoming technological blitz that Gates is serenely convinced will cement his companuy’s status as the unshakable colossus of computing.“It’s great to see people enthused about what we are doing.”Gates happily declares.2.China,the world’s most populous nation,joined the World Trade Organization on November 10,2001,thus ending 15 years of negotiations,offering China a new place at the table of nations and giving new life to centuries of dreams.The admission is one of China’s most significant diplomatic achievements since it displaced Taiwan and took a seat on the United Nations Securities Council in 1971,soon after which then President Richard Nixon made his famous trip to Beijing.Admission means China will enjoy protection against the imposition of barriers on its goods.The United States will cease the annual review

procedure

in

which

Congress considers ending”normal trade relations” with China based on its human rights performance.中口翻譯答案

1.比爾。蓋茨又一次微笑了。他那孩童般的熱情又回來了。那場另人身心疲憊的反壟斷訴訟案以及網(wǎng)絡(luò)公司低迷徘徊的局面正在接近尾聲。美國這們聞名遐邇的億萬富翁重新做起了他一貫最拿手的工作－設(shè)計激動人心的新產(chǎn)品并賺得大把的鈔票。

5月底，微軟將其最受歡迎的辦公商務(wù)軟件的經(jīng)典改進版Office XP投放市場，打響了該公司即將閃電式推出一系列新技術(shù)產(chǎn)品的第一炮。蓋茨深信，這些產(chǎn)品將鞏固其公司作為計算機行業(yè)不可動搖的“航空母艦”地位。

蓋茨不無驕傲地說：“看到人們對我們所從事的工作如此熱心，真是太棒了?！?/p>

2．中國這個世界上人口最多的國家，于2001年11月10加入了世界貿(mào)易組織，從而結(jié)束了15年的漫長談判，為中國在國際上贏得了一個新的席位，并為幾個世紀以來的夢想注入了新的活力。

加入WTO是自1971年中國取代臺灣獲得聯(lián)合國安理會席位（那以后不久，理查德。尼克松總統(tǒng)便開始了其著名的北京之行）以來中國所取得的最為重大的外交成就之一。

加入WTO表明中國將得以保護其商品免遭懲罰性貿(mào)易關(guān)卡。美國將停止其一年一度的對華貿(mào)易審查程序。在這個審查程序中，美國國會總是以中國的人權(quán)狀況為由來審議終止與中國的“正常貿(mào)易關(guān)系”。