第一篇：XX八年級英語下冊知識點總結(jié)(1-3單元)
XX八年級英語下冊知識點總結(jié)（1-3單
元）
課
件004km.cn Unit1what’sthematter?
一、基礎知識
.what’sthematter?怎么啦？出什么事情了？
【解析】matter/'m?t?)/n.問題；事情 what
’
sthematterwithyou?=what
’sthetroublewithyou?=what’swrongwithyou?
你怎么了？
【注】：matter和trouble為名詞，其前可加the或形容詞性物主代詞，wrong是adj.不能加the
【用法】用于詢問某人有什么病或某人遇到什么麻煩、問題其后跟詢問對象時，與介詞with連用。即：
what’sthematterwithsb.?
=what’syourtrouble?
=what’sup?
=whathappenstosb.?
—what’sthematterwithyou?
—Ihaveabadcold.2.Ihadacold.我感冒了。
haveacold=catchacold=havetheflu感冒
haveafever發(fā)燒haveacough咳嗽
haveastomachache胃疼，肚子疼
haveatoothache牙疼haveaheadache頭疼
3.身體部位+ache（疼痛）構(gòu)成新的復合詞
stomach+ache=stomachache
head+ache=headache
tooth+ache=toothache
back+ache=backache后背痛
4.muchtoo+
形容詞，意為
太......，toomuch+名詞，意為
很多，大量。
5.enough【形容、副詞】足夠的/地，enough放在名前后，形副后。goodenough足夠好，enoughmoney=muchmoney
6.liedown躺下，lie躺，躺著，過去式lay；lie說謊，過去式lied
7.maybe“或許”，常用于句首，表示可能性，后加句子。maybeyouareright.maybe，是情態(tài)動詞+be的結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“可能，也許”，后加名詞、代詞或形容詞。Hemaybeangry.soundlike+名詞代詞和從句：Itsoundslikeyoudon’tknowthetruth.Itsoundslikeagoodidea.sound+形容詞，“聽起來，好像”，Themusicsoundsnice.9.need需要，實義動詞need+名詞，需要某物；
needtodosth.需要做某事，主語通常是人，表示人主動的動作：youneedtolistencarefullyduringclass.needdoingsth.主語通常是物，表示被動的動作：yourdirtyclothesneed
washing.0.getoff下（公交車）geton上車
1.agree同意，贊同；
agreewithsth.同意某事
如：Iagreewiththatidea.agreetosb.同意某人的意見
如：IagreetoLiLei.2.trouble問題，麻煩；beintrouble遇到麻煩，maketrouble
制
造
麻
煩，havetroubledoingsth.=havedifficultiesdoingsth做......有麻煩。
3.rightaway=rightnow=atonce，意為馬上。
4.advice
[不可數(shù)名詞]勸告，建議，向…征求意見，givesb.adviceonsth.就某事給某人建議；advise[動詞]
advisesb.todosth.建議某人做某事
advisesb.doingsth.【復習】exercise練習、鍛煉
當exercise意為“練習”時，為可數(shù)名詞即可加s
當exercise意為“鍛煉”時，為不可數(shù)名詞即不加s
6.hurt及物動詞，使……疼痛，……受傷，Hehurthislegwhileexercising.不及物動詞，……（部位）疼。
Hisleghurtbadly.clean
【動詞】打掃，cleantheclassroom打掃教室，【形容詞】
干凈的，cleaner意為
清潔工。
8.hit
（用手或器具）打；擊打
Theboyhitthedogwithastone.hitsb.onthehead/nose/back打某人的頭、鼻子、后背，on用在所打較硬的部位；
hitsb.intheface/eye/stomach打某人的臉、眼睛、肚子，in用在所打較軟的部位。
beusedtosth./doingsth.習慣于、適應了……、做某事，強調(diào)狀態(tài)；Hisgrandpawasusedtocountrylife.maryisnotusedtogettingupearlyinthemorning.get/becomeusedtosth./doingsth.“變得習慣，逐漸適應……”強調(diào)過程、動作：
It’sdifficultforonetogetusedtoanothercountry’shabit.20.【復習】free[形容詞]空閑的freetime；免費的thedrinkisforfree；自由的Iwanttobecomeafreebird.free【動詞】使……解脫，得到自由：Hecouldnotfreehisarm.runout用完，用盡
whenhiswaterrunout,heknewthathewouldhavetodosomethingtosavehisownlife.物sth.runout.某物用盡了。
人sb.runoutofsth.人用盡了某物。Herunoutofallhismoneylastnight.22.risktodosth.冒險去做某事
takearisk=takerisks冒險
23.theimportanceofsth.（做）某事的重要性
westudentsshouldknowtheimportanceofEnglish.importance
n.重要（性），important
adj.重要的，unimportant
adj.不重要的 decision
【名詞】決定；抉擇；makeadecision
做決定;
makeadecisiontodosth.=
decidetodosth.。
25.beinthecontrolof…掌管，管理
Theheadmasterisinthecontrolofthisnewschool.beoutofcontrol無法控制，無法管理
beundercontrol被控制住，在控制之中
26.【復習】mind意為
介意，minddoingsth.介意做某事
，wouldyoumindmyopeningthewindow?
27.giveupsth.放棄（做）某事，giveupcomputergames；
giveup后可接名詞、代詞和動詞ing形式，也可不接，如:
Nevergiveupeasily.二、重點語法
【反身代詞】英語中共有八個反身代詞，在使用時應注意和它所指的相應的對象在人稱、性別、數(shù)上保持一致。
數(shù)
人稱
第一人稱
第二人稱
第三人稱
單數(shù)
myself
yourself
himself
herself
itself
復數(shù)
ourselves
yourselves
themselves
【用法】
.可用作賓語，指的是賓語和主語表示同一個或同一些的人或事物。
如：mariaboughtherselfascarf.wemustlookafterourselvesverywell.2.可用作表語，指的是表語和主語表示同一個或同一些人或事物。如：Sheisn’tquiteherselftoday.3.可用作主語或賓語的同位語，常用來加強語氣。
如：SheherselfwillflytoLondontomorrow.Imetthewriterhimselflastweek.4.用在某些固定短語當中。
lookafteroneself/takecareofoneself照顧自己
teachoneselfsth./learnsth.byoneself自學
enjoyoneself玩得高興，過得愉快
helponeselftosth請自用……（隨便吃/喝些……）.hurtoneself摔傷自己
saytooneself自言自語
leavesb.byoneself把某人單獨留下
buyoneselfsth.給自己買……東西
introduceoneself介紹……自己
【提醒】
.反身代詞不能單獨做主語，但可以做主語的同位語，起強調(diào)作用。如：我自己能完成作業(yè)。
（誤）myselfcanfinishmyhomework.Imyselfcanfinishmyhomework./Icanfinishmyhomeworkmyself.2.反身代詞表示“某人自己”不能表示“某人的東西”，因為它沒有所有格的形式。表達“某人自己的（東西）”時，須要用one’sown.如：我用我自己的蠟筆畫畫。（誤）I’mdrawingwithmyselfcrayons.I’mdrawingwithmyowncrayons.Unit2
I’llhelptocleanupthecityparks
一、基本知識點
.sick 生病的，有病的；可在句中作表語marycouldnotcomebecausesheissick.也可作定語asickchild
【區(qū)別ill】ill與sick同義；但是只在句中做表語，不做定語。marycouldnotcomebecausesheisill.2.cheerup（讓某人）變得高興；振奮起來Thegoodnewscheeredupeveryoneinourclass.3.giveout分發(fā)；散發(fā)，相當于handout，Theteacherisgivingout/handingoutthetestpapers.givesth.outtosb.意為
把某物分發(fā)給某人。
4.volunteer
【名詞】志愿者
【動詞】義務做，自愿做（某事）volunteertodosth.自愿做某事，Thegirlscouldvolunteerinanafter-schoolstudyprogram.5.usedtodosth.過去/曾經(jīng)做某事，表示過去的習慣、動作或狀態(tài)，并強調(diào)現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不再存在或發(fā)生。
Thereusedtobeacinemahere.這里曾有一個照相機。
Theytoldmestoriesaboutthepastandhowthingsusedtobe.他們告訴我關于這里過去的故事。
6.alone【形容詞】獨自一人的，無感情色彩：Themusicianenjoyedlivingaloneandwritingsongshimself.lonely（感到）孤獨寂寞的，帶有很強的感情色彩，可做表語或定語。Thelonelyboyisnotlonelynow.7.careforsb./sth.照顧；照料……
care【名詞】小心，關心takecareof=lookafter
→【動詞】careaboutsb./sth.關心，在意某人/事
→【形容詞】careful
仔細的 /careless
粗心的
→【副詞】carefully
仔細地
8.such“這樣的，這種，如此”，用于修飾名詞
such+a/an+形容詞+單數(shù)名詞：suchagoodday
多么美好的一天
/suchanexcitingmatch
多么
精彩的比賽
such+形容詞+復數(shù)名詞/不可數(shù)名詞：suchimportantdecisions
多么重要的建議
suchdeliciousfood
多么美味的食物
如果名詞前被many,much,few,little修飾時，只能用so，而不用such：somanysickchildren/solittletime
9.tryoutfor…參加…選拔，爭取成為…ThirtyfootballplayerstriedoutfortheBestPlayeroftheyear.tryout試用，試驗
0.journey【名詞】（尤指長途）旅行，行程；trip【名詞】多指短途旅行；
travel【名詞、動詞】travelaroundtheworld→【名詞】traveler旅行者
1.【復習】bebusywithsth.忙于（做）什么事情bebusydoingsth.忙于（做）什么事情
2.【復習】trydoingsth.試著去做某事
trytodosth.盡力去做某事
tryone’sbest盡某人最大的努力去做某事
3.【
復
習
】beworriedaboutsb./sth.=worryaboutsb./sth.擔心某人、某事
4.raisemoney集資，籌錢；raisemoneyfor…為……籌錢
raise【動詞】舉起；提高；募集
5.keep【動詞】keep+名詞，保留（某物）；keep+形容詞，保持
6.【形容詞】broken破損的，出毛病的；blind瞎的，失明的；deaf聾的；disabled有殘疾的，喪失能力的；在句中做定語和表語。
makeitpossibletodosth.使（某人）做某事成為可能，youhelpedtomakeitpossibleformetohaveLucky.makeit+形容詞todosth.使（某人）做某事成為…；
think/findit+形容詞todosth.8.makeadifferenceto…對……有影響；對……有作用，difference前可以用no,any,some,much等修飾，如
Therainmadenodifferencetothegame.Hard-workingmakesmuchdifferencetostudy.9.difficulty【可數(shù)/不可數(shù)】表示抽象意義的“困難”時為不可數(shù)；表示具體的“難題、難事”時為可數(shù)；
havedifficultydoingsth.=havetroubledoingsth.做某事有困難
20.train【動詞】訓練，trained為過去分詞，可做定語，意為“受過訓練的”atraineddog
21.beexcitedaboutsth.對某事感到興奮，Everyoneisexcitedaboutthegoodnews.【復習】excited意為
興奮的，修飾人；exciting意為
令人興奮/激動的，修飾物。
22.order【名詞】命令，指示；順序，次序【動詞】訂購；點（菜）followtheorder。23.change【動詞】變化，改變
It’shardforapersontochangehislife.【名詞】變化；零錢 changeAforB
用
A
換
成B
：whenyoutravelinchina,remembertochangeUSdollarsforRmB.repair【動詞】修理，修補；fix【動詞】安裝；使固定【fixup修理=repair】
Unit3couldyoupleasecleanyourroom?
Peter,couldyoupleasetakeoutthetrash?彼得，你能把垃圾倒了嗎？
couldyoupleasedosth?請你（做）......好嗎？用于提出請求，希望得到對方的肯定回答，說話的語氣比較客氣委婉。
could不是can的過去式，是委婉、禮貌的說法?；卮鹩胏an.【常
用
答
語
】
肯
定
回
答
：Sure./ofcourse./certainly./Noproblem.否定回答：Sorry,Ican’t
2、takeout取出（v+adv）
【注】:跟代詞做賓語，代詞放中間；跟名詞做賓語，可放在中間，也可放在后邊
Histeethhurtbadly.Thedentisttakethemout.【短語】takeoutthetrash倒垃圾
takeawalk散步
takeaway拿走，取走
takeback收回
takeplace發(fā)生
takeoff
脫下；起飛
3.canyoudothedishes.？那你可以洗盤子嗎？
dothedishes洗碗
【結(jié)構(gòu)1】dothe+名詞：
dothedishes/laundry洗餐具/衣服
【結(jié)構(gòu)2】dothe+動詞-ing
dothecleaning打掃衛(wèi)生
【結(jié)構(gòu)3】doone’s+名詞
doone’shousework/homework做家務/家庭作業(yè)
【結(jié)構(gòu)4】dosome+動詞-ing
dosomereading/shopping
讀寫書/購物
couldIatleastfinishwatchingthisshow?至少讓我看完這個節(jié)目可以嗎？
】couldIdoasth?我可以做......嗎？ 用于表達請求，語氣比較委婉。couldIgooutwithmyclassmatethisweekend?
2】atleast至少，多指數(shù)量或程度上的最低限度。atmost至少，不超過
Nowallofusexerciseatleastanhouradayandoutsideschool.3】finishv結(jié)束；完成 finishdoingsth做完某事
—canyoufinish__reading__thesebooksbefore10o'clock?
—yes,Ican.5、IthinktwohoursofTVisenoughforyou!我覺得你看兩個小時的電視已經(jīng)足夠了。
】twohoursofTV表示時間、距離、金額、度量等詞語作主語時，通常被視作整體，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。
Howtimeisflies!Threeyears__is_____reallyashorttime.足夠的，充分的（在句中作定語或表語）
【解析2】enough
Idon’thaveenoughmoneywithme.足夠；充分（放在形容詞；副詞后）Theriverisdeepenoughforswimming.【記】mr.Smithhasenoughmoney,butheisn’tkindenoughtohelpothers.【注意】enough修飾名詞時，置于名詞前；修飾形容詞時，置于形容詞之后。
6、couldyoutakeouttherubbish,foldtheclothesanddothedishes?
你能把垃圾倒了。把衣服疊好，再把碗洗了嗎？
【解析】takeout拿出；取出
take的用法：
Pleasetakesomebookstotheclassroom.Takethismedicinethreetimesaday.take
Theyusuallytakethebustowork.Ittakesmetwohourstodomyhomeworkeveryday.【拓展】take構(gòu)成的短語：
takeawalk去散步
takearest休息
takecareof照顧
takeoff脫下；起飛
takeup占據(jù)
takedown拿下
takeone’stime不急；慢慢來
takeone’stemperature量體溫
7.TheminuteIsatdowninfrontoftheTV,mymomcameover.我剛坐在電視機前面，我媽媽就過來了。
【解析1】theminute=assoonas
“一......就......”
Pleasewritetometheminuteyougetthere.【解析2】infrontof
指在物體外部的前面
Thereisabikeinfrontoftheclassroom.【辨析】
指在物體內(nèi)部的前面
ourteacherisstandinginthefrontoftheclassroom
【
記
】Thedriversat_____inthefrontof___________thecar.Thepolicemanstood___infrontof________thecar.【注意】有the無the區(qū)別大：
attable吃飯；進餐
inhospital住院
atthetabel在桌邊
inthehospital在醫(yī)院（不一定看?。?/p>
【解析3】comeover過來
【拓展】come短語：
comeacross（偶然）發(fā)現(xiàn)
comeback回來
comeupwith想出
cometrue實現(xiàn)
comedown下來
comefrom=befrom來自,出生于
comein/into進入,進來
comeon趕快,加油
comealong走吧,過來,快點
comeandgo來來去去
comeup上來
comeout出來，開，沖洗出來
7.youwatchTVallthetimeandneverhelpoutaroundthehouse!你總是看電視，從不幫忙做家務！
allthetime
=always一直；總是
8.I’mjustastiredasyouare!我和你一樣累！
【解析】as...as...和......一樣......9.Foroneweek,shedidnotdoanyhouseworkandneitherdidI.一周的時間，她不做任何家務，我也不做。
【解析】neither+助動詞/系動詞/情態(tài)動詞+主語
“某人（主語）也不”
⑴neither兩者都不
neither…nor…既不…也不…,連接兩個詞做主語，謂語動詞由后一個主語確定NeitherTomnorjimisastudent
⑵表達“…也不……”則用“Neither/Nor+be/V助/V情+主”
—Thefirstonewasn’tbad.—Neitherwasthesecond.0.Thenextday,mymomcamehomefromworktofindthehousecleanandtidy.第二天，媽媽下班回到家后發(fā)現(xiàn)房間很干凈、整潔。
【解析】find+賓語+賓語補足語
【注】find→found→foundv尋找
findsb.doingsth發(fā)現(xiàn)某人做某事
findit+adj.+todosth發(fā)現(xiàn)做某事很……
◆finditdifficult/hardtodosth發(fā)現(xiàn)做某事很困難Shefound_it__hardtofinishtheworkbyherself.1.Sheaskedinsurprise.她吃驚地問道。
【解析】insurprise驚奇地；吃驚地
surprisev使吃驚→surprisingadj.令人吃驚的→surprisedadj.吃驚的
toone’ssurprise使某人吃驚的是
insurprise吃驚地
besurprisedat對……感到吃驚
Tomysurprise_人做主語，sb.needtodosth某人需要做某事
物做主語，sthneeddoingsth=sthneedtobedone
①Studentsneed___tohave_______agoodrestinstudying.②Thewatchneeds__mending___.用于否定句或疑問句，是情態(tài)動詞
needn’t=don’thaveto沒有必要
need,must引導的一般疑問句，肯定會的用must,否定回答用needn’t
—mustIgotherenow?
—yes，youmust/No,youneedn’t
【解析2】share分享；共用
sharesth分享或共用某物
sharesthwithsb.與某人分享某物
borrow借入,與from連用，尤指主語“【借進來”】 borrowsthfromsb.從某人那里借某物youcanborrowthebookfromthelibrary.lend借出,與to搭配【指借出去】
lendsbsth=lendsthtosb把某物借給某人Hedoesn’twanttolendhisbooktoothers.keep保留，保存（延續(xù)動詞，可以與表示一段時間的狀語連用）【指借一段時間】
【記】Iwantto__borrow__abikefrommyfriendbuthedidn’t_lend___ittome，becauseTomhad_kept____itfortwodays.6.IcutmyfingerandI’mtryingnottogetitwet.我的手指割傷了，傷口不能弄濕。
【解析】trytodosth努力（不）做某事。
try
v試圖，設法，努力
【拓展】tryon試穿
trytodosth努力做某事【側(cè)重盡力做】
trydoingsth試圖做某事【側(cè)重嘗試做】
tryone’sbesttodosth=doone’sbesttodosth盡某人最大努力做某事
7.Ihatetodochores.我討厭做家務。
hatetodosth討厭做某事,表示某次具體行為或動作。
Ihatetotroublehim.hatedoingsth不愿意做某事表示經(jīng)?；蛄晳T性行為或動作。
Shehatessmokinginherroom.8.couldIaskyoutohelpmewithsomechoresthen?
那我能請求你幫我做些雜活嗎？
【解析】asksb.todosth要求某人做某事。
askfor請求，要某物
asksb.aboutsth向某人詢問關于某事
asksb.forhelp向某人請求幫助
asksb.todosth請求某人做某事
ask構(gòu)成的短語：
短語
含義
asksb.todosth
請某人做某事
asksb.nottodosth
不讓某人做某事
asksbforsth
向某人要某物
askforhelp
尋求幫助
9.I
’llfinishmyhomeworkwhileyouhelpmewiththedishes.當你幫我洗盤子的時候，我將完成我的家庭作業(yè)。
【解析1】finishdoingsth完成某事
—canyoufinish_reading__thesebooksbefore10o’clock?
—yes,Ican.【解析2】whileconj.“在……期間；當……的時候”
while引導的時間狀語從句的謂語動詞只能是延續(xù)動詞。
_while__thechildrenhavefun,parentscantakedancelessonsonthebeach.【解析3】helpsb.withsth.在某事上幫助某人。
【注】helpv幫助→helpfuladj.有幫助的 helpsb.dosth.=helpsb.withsth.幫助某人做某事
withthehelpof
sb.=withone’shelp在某人的幫助之下
withoutthehelpof沒有在…的幫助之下
①Ithinkreadingisvery__helpful____.②__without____yourhelp,wecouldn’tcatchthethief.20.couldIinvitemyfriendstoaparty?我能邀請我的朋友們來聚會嗎？
【解析】invitesb.toSp.邀請某人去某地
【解析】invite
v→invitation
n邀請
invitesb.todosth邀請某人做某事
invitesb.to+地點邀請某人去某地
21.Idon
’tunderstandwhysomeparentsmaketheirkidshelpwithhouseworkandchoresathome.我不理解為什么有些父母在家讓孩子們幫忙做家務和雜務。
【解析】makesb.dosth讓某人做某事
make→made→madev.做，制作，使得
makesb/sth+形容詞
“讓某人或某物…”
makeyouhappy
makesb/sthdosth使某人做某事
makemelaugh.colorscanchangeourmoodsandmakeus_feel__happyorsad,energeticorsleep.22.Theydon’thavetimetostudyanddohousework，too.他們也沒有時間來學習家務和做家務。
【解析】havetimetodosth.有時間做某事
havetime=befree有空
23.Houseworkisawasteoftheirtime.做家務是在浪費他們的時間。
【解析】awasteof浪費
awasteoftime浪費時間
awasteofmoney浪費金錢
waste
v“浪費”
wastetime/moneyonsth
wastetime/moneydoingsth在做某事上花費時間/金錢
Don’t____waste______water.can’tyouseethesign“savewater”?
24.Theyshouldspendtheirtimeonschoolworkinordertogetgoodgradesand
getintoagooduniversity.為了取得好成績并考上一所好大學，他們應該把時間用在學習上。
【解析1】spend...on
sth在某事上花費......spend/pay/cost/take花費
spend→spent→spentv花費,主語是人
◆sb.+spend+時間/錢+onsth
◆sb.+spend+時間/錢+（in）doingsth
◆spendon=payfor支付
Hespendstoomuchtimeonthecomputergames.Remembertospendsometime_with_yourlovedones,becausethey’renotgoingtobearoundforever.myfather__spent___onehundredthousandyuanonhisnewcar.pay→paid→paidv支付，主語是人
◆sb.+pay+錢+forsth
Ipay10yuanforthebook.—Howmuchdidyou__pay__forthiscomputer?
—Fivehundreddollars.cost→cost→cost
v花費，主語是某物或某事
◆sthcostsb.+錢
某物花費某人多少錢
Anewcomputercostsmealotofmoney.Iboughtanewsweaterlastweekend.It___cost_me120yuan.take→took→takenv花費
◆Ittakes/tooksb.sometimetodosth.做某事花費某人多長時間
Ittakeshim3hourstodohishomework.【解析2】inorderto“目的是；為了”
后接動詞原形。inordertodosth為了做某事
Heranquicklyinordernot__tobe___lateforthemeeting.【解析3】getinto=enter進入
【拓展】與get相關的短語：
getup起床
getback返回
getover克服
getdressed穿衣
getinto進入
get/belost丟失
getoff/on下/上車
getonwellwithsb.與某人相處得好
getoutof從…出來
getwarm變曖
getreadyfor+n.為…做準備
getreadytodosth.準備做某事
getwell康復
getachance有機會、得到機會
get/gotosleep入睡
相關：
25.Also,whentheygetolder,theywillhavetodohousrworksothere’snoneedforthemtodoitnow.而且，當他們長大的時候，他們也將會做家務，因此，他們沒必要現(xiàn)在在做。
【解析】getolder長大
get/become/go辨析：
⑴get+adj較多地與形容詞比較級連用。Thedaysaregettinglongerandlonger.⑵become強調(diào)變化的結(jié)果
It'sbecomingcolderandcolder.⑶go+adj.''表示令人不快的事情
gobad變壞，goblind變瞎，gohungry挨餓
26.Itistheparents
’jobtoprovideacleanandcomfortableenvironmentathomefortheirchildren.在家為孩子們提供一個干凈、舒適的環(huán)境是父母的義務。
【解析】providesth.forsb.為某人提供某物
providev提供
providesb.withsth.=providesthforsb.供應某人某物
相當于：offersb.sth.=offersthtosb.provide
為應急等做好準備而“提供；供給”
providesb.withsth.=providesthforsb.提供某人某物
offer
側(cè)重表示“愿意給予”
offersb.sth.=offersthtosb.對某人提供某物offertodosth主動提出干某事
supply
定期“供應”,強調(diào)替代或補充所需物品
Supplysb.withsth=supplysth.tosb.為某人提供某物
①TheInternetprovidesus_with__alotof_information___weneed.②
—couldyoupleaseprovideus_with___someinformationaboutthestudents’health?
—ofcourse,it’smypleasure.27.Andanyway,Ithinkdoingchoresisnotsodifficult.無論如何，我認為做家務并不那么難。
【解析】anyway無論如何，keepdoingsth繼續(xù)做某事
Hewasingreatpainbuthekeptonworking
Hekepton__talking__aftertheballrangforclass.keepsb.Doingsth
讓某人一直做某事
I’msorrytohavekeptyouwaitingforsolong.myteacherkeptme__doing___homeworkalltheafternoon.31.Doingchoreshelpstodevelopchildren
’sindependenceandteachesthemhowtolookafterthemselves.做雜務不僅可以培養(yǎng)孩子們的獨立性還可以教
他們?nèi)绾握疹欁约骸?/p>
【解析】developindependence培養(yǎng)獨立意識
developv→developmentn發(fā)展→developingadj.發(fā)展的→developedadj.發(fā)達的 adevelopingcountry
一個發(fā)展中國家adevelopedcountry一個發(fā)達國家
chinaisa__developing___country.32.Sincetheyliveinonehousewiththeirparents,theyshouldknowthateveryoneshoulddotheirpartinkeepingitcleanandtidy.既然他們和父母同住在一個房子里，他們應該知道保持家里干凈、整潔每個人都應該參與。
【解析】since
conj.既然
takecare當心
takeawalk散步
takemedicine服藥
takeplace發(fā)生takeone’stemperature量體溫
takeone’stime別著急
34.Asaresult,heoftenfellillandhisgradesdropped.結(jié)果，他常常生病，功課也落下了。
【解析1】asaresult結(jié)果（插入語，放在句首，用逗號隔開）
Don’taskhimtoolateintothenight,__Asaresult___,heisonlyasmallchild.【解析2】fallill生病
fallasleep入睡
35.Theearlierkidslearntobeindependent,thebetteritisfortheirfuture.孩子們越早學會獨立，對他們的未來越好。
【解析】the+比較級，the+比較級
“越......越......”
Themoreyousmile,the___happier____youwillfeel.課
件004km.cn
第二篇：八年級英語下冊知識點總結(jié)(1-3單元)
八年級英語下冊知識點總結(jié)(1-3單元)
Unit 1 What’s the matter?
一、基礎知識
1.What’ s the matter? 怎么啦?出什么事情了?
【解析】matter/ ' m?t?(r))/n.問題;事情
What’ s the matter with you?= What’s the trouble with you? = What’ s wrong with you? 你怎么了?
【注】： matter 和trouble 為名詞，其前可加the 或形容詞性物主代詞，wrong 是adj.不能加the
【用法】用于詢問某人有什么病或某人遇到什么麻煩、問題其后跟詢問對象時，與介詞with連用。即：
What’s the matter with sb.? = What’s your trouble? = What’s up? = What happens to sb.?
— What’s the matter with you ? — I have a bad cold.2.I had a cold.我感冒了。have a cold=catch a cold=have the flu感冒
have a fever 發(fā)燒 have a cough咳嗽 have a stomachache胃疼，肚子疼 have a toothache牙疼 have a headache頭疼
3.身體部位+ache(疼痛)構(gòu)成新的復合詞
stomach+ache=stomachache head+ache=headache tooth+ache=toothache back+ache=backache后背痛
4.much too+ 形容詞，意為 太......，too much+名詞，意為 很多，大量。
5.enough【形容、副詞】足夠的/地，enough放在名前后，形副后。good enough足夠好，enough money=much money
6.lie down躺下，lie 躺，躺著，過去式lay;lie說謊，過去式lied
7.maybe “或許”，常用于句首，表示可能性，后加句子。Maybe you are right.may be，是情態(tài)動詞+be的結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“可能，也許”，后加名詞、代詞或形容詞。He may be angry.sound like+名詞代詞和從句：It sounds like you don’t know the truth.It sounds like a good idea.sound+形容詞，“聽起來，好像”，The music sounds nice.9.need 需要，實義動詞need+名詞，需要某物;
need to do sth.需要做某事，主語通常是人，表示人主動的動作：You need to listen carefully during class.need doing sth.主語通常是物，表示被動的動作：Your dirty clothes need washing.10.get off(the bus)下(公交車)get on 上車
11.agree 同意，贊同;
agree with sth.同意某事 如：I agree with that idea.agree to sb.同意某人的意見 如：I agree to LiLei.12.trouble問題，麻煩;be in trouble遇到麻煩，make trouble 制造麻煩，have trouble(in)doing sth.=have difficulties(in)doing sth做......有麻煩。
13.right away=right now=at once，意為 馬上。
14.advice [不可數(shù)名詞]勸告，建議，向…征求意見，give sb.advice on sth.就某事給某人建議;advise [動詞] advise sb.to do sth.建議某人做某事
advise sb.doing sth.【復習】exercise 練習、鍛煉
當exercise意為“練習”時，為可數(shù)名詞 即可加s
當exercise意為“鍛煉”時，為不可數(shù)名詞 即不加s
16.hurt 及物動詞，使……疼痛，……受傷，He hurt his leg while exercising.不及物動詞，……(部位)疼。His leg hurt badly.clean 【動詞】打掃，clean the classroom打掃教室，【形容詞】 干凈的，cleaner意為 清潔工。
18.hit(用手或器具)打;擊打 The boy hit the dog with a stone.hit sb.on the head/ nose/ back打某人的頭、鼻子、后背，on用在所打較硬的部位;
hit sb.in the face/ eye/ stomach 打某人的臉、眼睛、肚子，in用在所打較軟的部位。
be used to sth./ doing sth.習慣于、適應了……、做某事，強調(diào)狀態(tài);His grandpa was used to country life.Mary is not used to getting up early in the morning.get/ become used to sth./ doing sth.“變得習慣，逐漸適應……”強調(diào)過程、動作：
It’s difficult for one to get used to another country’s habit.20.【復習】free [形容詞]空閑的free time;免費的the drink is for free;自由的I want to become a free bird.free【動詞】使……解脫，得到自由：He could not free his arm.run out用完，用盡 When his water run out, he knew that he would have to do something to save his own life.物sth.run out.某物用盡了。
人sb.run out of sth.人用盡了某物。He run out of all his money last night.22.risk(sb.)to do sth.冒險去做某事 take a risk=take risks 冒險
23.the importance of(doing)sth.(做)某事的重要性
We students should know the importance of(learning)English.importance n.重要(性)，important adj.重要的，unimportant adj.不重要的 decision 【名詞】決定;抉擇;make a decision 做決定;
make a decision to do sth.= decide to do sth.。
25.be in the control of …掌管，管理 The headmaster is in the control of this new school.be out of control無法控制，無法管理 be under control被控制住，在控制之中
26.【復習】mind意為 介意，mind doing sth.介意做某事 ，Would you mind my opening the window?
27.give up(doing)sth.放棄(做)某事，give up(playing)computer games;
give up后可接名詞、代詞和動詞ing形式，也可不接，如: Never give up easily.二、重點語法
【反身代詞】英語中共有八個反身代詞，在使用時應注意和它所指的相應的對象在人稱、性別、數(shù)上保持一致。
數(shù) 人稱 第一人稱 第二人稱 第三人稱
單數(shù) myself yourself himself herself itself
復數(shù) ourselves yourselves themselves
【用法】
1.可用作賓語，指的是賓語和主語表示同一個或同一些的人或事物。
如：Maria bought herself a scarf.We must look after ourselves very well.2.可用作表語，指的是表語和主語表示同一個或同一些人或事物。如： She isn’t quite herself today.3.可用作主語或賓語的同位語，常用來加強語氣。
如：She herself will fly to London tomorrow.I met the writer himself last week.4.用在某些固定短語當中。
look after oneself / take care of oneself 照顧自己 teach oneself sth./ learn sth.by oneself自學
enjoy oneself 玩得高興，過得愉快
help oneself to sth 請自用……(隨便吃/喝些……).hurt oneself摔傷自己
say to oneself自言自語
leave sb.by oneself把某人單獨留下
buy oneself sth.給自己買……東西
introduce oneself 介紹……自己
【提醒】
1.反身代詞不能單獨做主語，但可以做主語的同位語，起強調(diào)作用。如：我自己能完成作業(yè)。
(誤)Myself can finish my homework.(正)I myself can finish my homework./ I can finish my homework myself.2.反身代詞表示“某人自己”不能表示“某人的東西”，因為它沒有所有格的形式。表達“某人自己的(東西)”時，須要用one’s own.如：我用我自己的蠟筆畫畫。(誤)I’m drawing with myself crayons.(正)I’m drawing with my own crayons.Unit 2 I’ll help to clean up the city parks
一、基本知識點
1.sick 生病的，有病的;可在句中作表語Mary could not come because she is sick.也可作定語a sick child
【區(qū)別ill】ill與sick同義;但是只在句中做表語，不做定語。Mary could not come because she is ill.2.cheer(sb.)up(讓某人)變得高興;振奮起來The good news cheered up everyone in our class.3.give out分發(fā);散發(fā)，相當于hand out，The teacher is giving out/ handing out the test papers.give sth.out to sb.意為 把某物分發(fā)給某人。
4.volunteer 【名詞】志愿者 【動詞】義務做，自愿做(某事)volunteer to do sth.自愿做某事，The girls could volunteer in an after-school study program.5.used to do sth.過去/曾經(jīng)(常)做某事，表示過去的習慣、動作或狀態(tài)，并強調(diào)現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不再存在或發(fā)生。
There used to be a cinema here.這里曾有一個照相機。
They told me stories about the past and how things used to be.他們告訴我關于這里過去的故事。
6.alone 【形容詞】獨自一人的，無感情色彩：The musician enjoyed living alone and writing songs himself.lonely(感到)孤獨寂寞的，帶有很強的感情色彩，可做表語或定語。The lonely boy is not lonely now.7.care for sb./sth.照顧;照料……
care 【名詞】小心，關心take care of=look after →【動詞】care about sb./sth.關心，在意某人/事
→【形容詞】careful 仔細的 / careless 粗心的 →【副詞】carefully 仔細地
8.such “這樣的，這種，如此”，用于修飾名詞
such+ a/ an+形容詞+單數(shù)名詞：such a good day 多么美好的一天 /such an exciting match 多么 精彩的比賽
such+形容詞+復數(shù)名詞/不可數(shù)名詞：such important decisions 多么重要的建議 such delicious food 多么美味的食物
如果名詞前被many, much, few, little修飾時，只能用so，而不用such：so many sick children/ so little time
9.try out for…參加…選拔，爭取成為…Thirty football players tried out for the Best Player of the year.try out試用，試驗
10.journey 【名詞】(尤指長途)旅行，行程;trip【名詞】多指短途旅行;
travel【名詞、動詞】travel around the world →【名詞】traveler旅行者
11.【復習】be busy with sth.忙于(做)什么事情 be busy doing sth.忙于(做)什么事情
12.【復習】try doing sth.試著去做某事 try to do sth.盡力去做某事 try one’s best(to do sth.)盡某人最大的努力去做某事
13.【復習】be worried about sb./ sth.= worry about sb./ sth.擔心某人、某事
14.raise money集資，籌錢;raise money for…為……籌錢
raise【動詞】舉起;提高;募集
15.keep【動詞】keep+名詞，保留(某物);keep+形容詞，保持
16.【形容詞】broken破損的，出毛病的;blind瞎的，失明的;deaf聾的;disabled有殘疾的，喪失能力的;在句中做定語和表語。
make it possible(for sb.)to do sth.使(某人)做某事成為可能，You helped to make it possible for me to have Lucky.make it +形容詞(+for sb.)to do sth.使(某人)做某事成為…;
think/find it +形容詞to do sth.18.make a difference to…對……有影響;對……有作用，difference前可以用no, any, some, much等修飾，如
The rain made no difference to the game.Hard-working makes much difference to study.19.difficulty【可數(shù)/不可數(shù)】表示抽象意義的“困難”時為不可數(shù);表示具體的“難題、難事”時為可數(shù);
have difficulty(in)doing sth.= have trouble(in)doing sth.做某事有困難
20.train【動詞】訓練，trained為過去分詞，可做定語，意為“受過訓練的”a trained dog
21.be excited about sth.對某事感到興奮，Everyone is excited about the good news.【復習】excited意為 興奮的，修飾人;exciting意為 令人興奮/激動的，修飾物。
22.order【名詞】命令，指示;順序，次序【動詞】訂購;點(菜)follow the order。
23.change【動詞】變化，改變It’s hard for a person to change his life(style).【名詞】變化;零錢
change A for B用A換成B：When you travel in China, remember to change US dollars for RMB.repair 【動詞】修理，修補;fix【動詞】安裝;使固定 【fix up修理=repair】
Unit3 Could you please clean your room?
Peter ,could you please take out the trash? 彼得，你能把垃圾倒了嗎?
Could you please do sth ?請你(做)......好嗎? 用于提出請求，希望得到對方的肯定回答，說話的語氣比較客氣委婉。
Could 不是can的過去式，是委婉、禮貌的說法。回答用can.【常用答語】肯定回答：Sure./ Of course./ Certainly./No problem.否定回答： Sorry , I can’t2、take out 取出(v+ adv)
【注】: 跟代詞做賓語，代詞放中間;跟名詞做賓語，可放在中間，也可放在后邊
His teeth hurt badly.The dentist take them out.【短語】take out the trash 倒垃圾 take a walk 散步 take away 拿走，取走
take back 收回 take place 發(fā)生 take off 脫下;起飛
3.Can you do the dishes.?那你可以洗盤子嗎?
do the dishes 洗碗
【結(jié)構(gòu)1】do the +名詞： do the dishes/ laundry 洗餐具/衣服
【結(jié)構(gòu)2】do the +動詞-ing do the cleaning 打掃衛(wèi)生
【結(jié)構(gòu)3】do one’s + 名詞 do one’s housework/ homework 做家務/家庭作業(yè)
【結(jié)構(gòu)4】do some +動詞-ing do some reading/ shopping 讀寫書/購物
Could I at least finish watching this show? 至少讓我看完這個節(jié)目可以嗎?
1】Could I do a sth? 我可以做......嗎?
用于表達請求，語氣比較委婉。Could I go out with my classmate this weekend?
2】at least 至少，多指數(shù)量或程度上的最低限度。(反)at most 至少，不超過
Now all of us exercise at least an hour a day and outside school.3】finish v 結(jié)束;完成 finish doing sth 做完某事
— Can you finish __reading__ these books before 10 o'clock? — Yes, I can.5、I think two hours of TV is enough for you!我覺得你看兩個小時的電視已經(jīng)足夠了。
1】two hours of TV 表示時間、距離、金額、度量等詞語作主語時，通常被視作整體，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。
How time is flies!Three years __is_____(be)really a short time.足夠的，充分的(在句中作定語或表語)
【解析2】enough I don’t have enough money with me.足夠;充分(放在形容詞;副詞后)The river is deep enough for swimming.【記】 Mr.Smith has enough money ,but he isn’t kind enough to help others.【注意】enough 修飾名詞時，置于名詞前;修飾形容詞時，置于形容詞之后。
6、Could you take out the rubbish,fold the clothes and do the dishes?
你能把垃圾倒了。把衣服疊好，再把碗洗了嗎?
【解析】take out 拿出;取出
take 的用法：
Please take some books to the classroom.Take this medicine three times a day.take
They usually take the bus to work.It takes me two hours to do my homework every day.【拓展】take 構(gòu)成的短語：
take a walk 去散步 take a rest 休息 take care of 照顧 take off 脫下;起飛 take up 占據(jù) take down 拿下 take one’s time 不急;慢慢來 take one’s temperature 量體溫
7.The minute I sat down in front of the TV, my mom came over.我剛坐在電視機前面，我媽媽就過來了。
【解析1】the minute = as soon as “一......就......” Please write to me the minute you get there.【解析2】 in front of
指在物體外部的前面
There is a bike in front of the classroom.【辨析】
指在物體內(nèi)部的前面
Our teacher is standing in the front of the classroom
【記】 The driver sat _____in the front of___________ the car.The policeman stood ___in front of________ the car.【注意】有the無the區(qū)別大：
at table 吃飯;進餐 in hospital 住院
at the tabel 在桌邊 in the hospital 在醫(yī)院(不一定看病)
【解析3】come over 過來
【拓展】 come 短語：
come across(偶然)發(fā)現(xiàn) come back 回來 come up with想出
come true實現(xiàn) come down下來 come from=be from來自,出生于
come in/into進入,進來 come on趕快,加油 come along走吧,過來,快點
come and go來來去去 come up上來 come out出來，(花)開，(照片)沖洗出來
7.You watch TV all the time and never help out around the house!你總是看電視，從不幫忙做家務!
all the time = always 一直;總是
8.I’m just as tired as you are!我和你一樣累!【解析】as...as...和......一樣......9.For one week , she did not do any housework and neither did I.一周的時間，她不做任何家務，我也不做。
【解析】neither +助動詞/系動詞/情態(tài)動詞 +主語 “某人(主語)也不”
⑴ neither兩者都不
neither …nor… 既不…也不…,連接兩個詞做主語，謂語動詞由后一個主語確定Neither Tom nor Jim is a student
⑵ 表達“…也不……” 則用 “Neither /Nor + be / V助 / V情 + 主”
—The first one wasn’t bad.— Neither was the second.10.The next day , my mom came home from work to find the house clean and tidy.第二天，媽媽下班回到家后發(fā)現(xiàn)房間很干凈、整潔。
【解析】find +賓語+賓語補足語
【注】find → found →found v尋找
(1)find sb.doing sth 發(fā)現(xiàn)某人做某事
(2)find it + adj.+ to do sth 發(fā)現(xiàn)做某事很……
◆find it difficult/ hard to do sth 發(fā)現(xiàn)做某事很困難 She found _it__ hard to finish the work by herself.11.She asked in surprise.她吃驚地問道。
【解析】in surprise 驚奇地;吃驚地
surprise v 使吃驚→surprising adj.令人吃驚的 →surprised adj.吃驚的
to one’s surprise 使某人吃驚的是 in surprise 吃驚地 be surprised at 對……感到吃驚
To my surprise_(使我吃驚的是)，he got the first prize in the exam.12.“ I’m do sorry, Mom.I finish understand that we need to share the housework to have a clean and comfortable home.” I replied.“對不起，媽媽。我終于理解為了擁有一個干凈、舒適的家我們需要共同來分擔家務?！?我回答說。
【解析1】need v 需要
用于肯定句，是實義動詞。
(1)人做主語，sb.need to do sth 某人需要做某事
(2)物做主語，sth need doing sth= sth need to be done
①Students need ___to have_______(have)a good rest in studying.②The watch needs__mending___(mend).用于否定句或疑問句，是情態(tài)動詞
(1)needn’t = don’t have to 沒有必要
(2)need ,must 引導的一般疑問句，肯定會的用must,否定回答用needn’t
— Must I go there now? — Yes，you must/No, you needn’t
【解析2】share 分享;共用 share sth 分享或共用某物 share sth with sb.與某人分享某物
(All his friends __Shared___ his happiness when he won the match.13.Could I hang out with my friends after the movie? 看完電影后我能和朋友們一起閑逛嗎?
【解析】hang out 閑逛 hang up 把......懸掛/掛起
14.Could you please pass me the salt?你能把鹽遞給我嗎?
【解析】pass ⑴v 給;遞;走過;通過 pass sb.sth 把某物遞給某 Pass on 傳遞
Please pass the paper on to the other students.⑵ v 通過;路過 I pass your home.⑶ v 通過(考試);及格 Tom can pass his math exam.15.Could I borrow that book?我能借下你那本書看嗎、Could you lend me some money?你能借我一些錢嗎?
【解析】borrow /lend/keep
(1)borrow 借入 ,與from 連用，尤指主語“【借進來”】
borrow sth from sb.從某人那里借某物 You can borrow the book from the library.(2)lend 借出 ,與to 搭配 【指借出去】
lend sb sth=lend sth to sb 把某物借給某人He doesn’t want to lend his book to others.(3)keep 保留，保存(延續(xù)動詞，可以與表示一段時間的狀語連用)【指借一段時間】
【記】 I want to __borrow__ a bike from my friend but he didn’t _lend___ it to me，because Tom had _kept____ it for two days.16.I cut my finger and I’m trying not to get it wet.我的手指割傷了，傷口不能弄濕。
【解析】try(not)to do sth努力(不)做某事。
try v 試圖，設法，努力
【拓展】(1)try on 試穿
(2)try to do sth 努力做某事 【側(cè)重盡力做】
(3)try doing sth 試圖做某事 【側(cè)重嘗試做】
(4)try one’s best to do sth= do one’s best to do sth 盡某人最大努力做某事
17.I hate to do chores.我討厭做家務。
hate to do sth 討厭做某事, 表示某次具體行為或動作。I hate to trouble him.hate doing sth不愿意做某事 表示經(jīng)常或習慣性行為或動作。She hates smoking in her room.18.Could I ask you to help me with some chores then?
那我能請求你幫我做些雜活嗎?
【解析】ask sb.to do sth 要求某人做某事。
ask for 請求，要某物
ask sb.about sth 向某人詢問關于某事
(1)ask sb.for help 向某人請求幫助
(2)ask sb.(not)to do sth請求某人做某事
ask構(gòu)成的短語：
短語 含義
ask sb.to do sth 請某人做某事
ask sb.not to do sth 不讓某人做某事
ask sb for sth 向某人要某物
ask for help 尋求幫助
19.I’ll finish my homework while you help me with the dishes.當你幫我洗盤子的時候，我將完成我的家庭作業(yè)。
【解析1】finish doing sth 完成某事
— Can you finish _reading__ these books before 10 o’clock? — Yes, I can.【解析2】while conj.“在……期間;當……的時候”
While 引導的時間狀語從句的謂語動詞只能是延續(xù)動詞。
_While __ the children have fun, parents can take dance lessons on the beach.【解析3】help sb.with sth.在某事上幫助某人。
【注】help v 幫助 → helpful adj.有幫助的
(1)help sb.do sth.=help sb.with sth.幫助某人做某事
(2)with the help of sb.=with one’s help在某人的幫助之下
(3)without the help of 沒有在…的幫助之下
①I think reading is very __helpful____(help).② __Without____ your help, we couldn’t catch the thief.20.Could I invite my friends to a party? 我能邀請我的朋友們來聚會嗎?
【解析】invite sb.to Sp.邀請某人去某地
【解析】invite v → invitation n邀請
(1)invite sb.to do sth 邀請某人做某事
(2)invite sb.to +地點 邀請某人去某地
21.I don’t understand why some parents make their kids help with housework and chores at home.我不理解為什么有些父母在家讓孩子們幫忙做家務和雜務。
【解析】make sb.do sth 讓某人做某事
make → made →made v.做，制作，使得
(1)make sb/sth + 形容詞 “讓某人或某物…” make you happy
(2)make sb/sth do sth 使某人做某事 make me laugh.Colors can change our moods and make us _feel__ happy or sad, energetic or sleep.22.They don’t have time to study and do housework，too.他們也沒有時間來學習家務和做家務。
【解析】have time to do sth.有時間做某事
have time =be free 有空
23.Housework is a waste of their time.做家務是在浪費他們的時間。
【解析】a waste of 浪費 a waste of time 浪費時間 a waste of money 浪費金錢
waste v “浪費”
waste time/money on sth waste time / money(in)doing sth 在做某事上花費時間/金錢
Don’t ____waste______water.Can’t you see the sign “save water”?
24.They should spend their time on schoolwork in order to get good grades and
get into a good university.為了取得好成績并考上一所好大學，他們應該把時間用在學習上。
【解析1】spend...on sth 在某事上花費......spend/pay/cost/take 花費
(1)spend→spent→spent v 花費,主語是人
◆ sb.+ spend +時間/錢+on sth ◆sb.+spend +時間/錢+(in)doing sth
◆spend on= pay for 支付
He spends too much time on the computer games.Remember to spend some time _with_ your loved ones, because they’re not going to be around forever.My father __spent___ one hundred thousand yuan on his new car.(2)pay →paid →paid v 支付，主語是人
◆sb.+ pay + 錢+for sth I pay 10 yuan for the book.— How much did you __pay__ for this computer? — Five hundred dollars.(3)cost→ cost→ cost v 花費，主語是某物或某事
◆sth cost sb.+錢 某物花費某人多少錢
A new computer costs me a lot of money.I bought a new sweater last weekend.It ___cost_ me 120 yuan.(4)take→took → taken v 花費
◆It takes /took sb.some time to do sth.做某事花費某人多長時間
It takes him 3 hours to do his homework.【解析2】in order to “目的是;為了” 后接動詞原形。in order to do sth 為了做某事
He ran quickly in order not __to be___ late for the meeting.【解析3】get into =enter 進入
【拓展】與get相關的短語：
get up 起床 get back 返回 get over 克服
get dressed穿衣 get into進入 get/be lost丟失 get off/on下/上車
get on well with sb.與某人相處得好 get out of從…出來 get warm 變曖
get ready for +n.為…做準備 get ready to do sth.準備做某事
get well康復 get a chance 有機會、得到機會
get/go to sleep(fall asleep)入睡 相關：(be asleep睡著)
25.Also,when they get older, they will have to do housrwork so there’s no need for them to do it now.而且，當他們長大的時候，他們也將會做家務，因此，他們沒必要現(xiàn)在在做。
【解析】get older 長大
get/ become/ go辨析：
⑴ get+adj較多地與形容詞比較級連用。The days are getting longer and longer.⑵ become 強調(diào)變化的結(jié)果 It's becoming colder and colder.⑶go+adj.''表示令人不快的事情 go bad變壞，go blind變瞎，go hungry挨餓
26.It is the parents’ job to provide a clean and comfortable environment at home for their children.在家為孩子們提供一個干凈、舒適的環(huán)境是父母的義務。
【解析】provide sth.for sb.為某人提供某物
provide v 提供
provide sb.with sth.(sb 前介詞用for)=provide sth for sb.(sth 前需加介詞with)供應某人某物
相當于：offer sb.sth.= offer sth to sb.provide 為應急等做好準備而“提供;供給” provide sb.with sth.=provide sth for sb.提供某人某物
offer 側(cè)重表示“愿意給予” offer sb.sth.= offer sth to sb.對某人提供某物 offer to do sth 主動提出干某事
supply 定期“供應” , 強調(diào)替代或補充所需物品 Supply sb.with sth=supply sth.to sb.為某人提供某物
①The Internet provides us _with__a lot of _information___we need.② —Could you please provide us _with___ some information about the students’ health? — Of course, it’s my pleasure.27.And anyway, I think doing chores is not so difficult.無論如何，我認為做家務并不那么難。
【解析】anyway 無論如何,(一般放在句首，用逗號和句子隔開)
28.I think it is important for children to learn how to do chores and help their parents with housework.我認為對孩子們來說，學習如何做雜務并幫助他們的父母做家務是很重要的。
【解析】It is important for sb.to do sth.對某人來說做某事是重要的
29.Children these days depend on their parents too much.現(xiàn)在的孩子太依賴他們的父母。
【解析】depend on 依靠;信賴
—— Shall we go for a picnic tomorrow? —— Well, it all ___depends on____ the weather.30....Everyone should do their part in keeping it clean and tidy.每個人都有責任保持家里的干凈和整潔。
【解析1】 do one’s part 盡職責;盡本分 Do one’s part in doing sth 在做某事上盡職責
【解析2】keep +sth /sb.+adj.“使......處于某種狀態(tài)”
Her mother asked her to keep the windows __open__ and the door __closed__.keep 系動詞 “保持” keep + adj.We must keep healthy.實義動詞 “保持;繼續(xù)”
(1)keep(on)doing sth 繼續(xù)做某事 He was in great pain but he kept on working
He kept on __ talking__ after the ball rang for class.(2)keep sb.Doing sth 讓某人一直做某事 I’m sorry to have kept you waiting for so long.My teacher kept me __doing___ homework all the afternoon.31.Doing chores helps to develop children’s independence and teaches them how to look after themselves.做雜務不僅可以培養(yǎng)孩子們的獨立性還可以教 他們?nèi)绾握疹欁约骸?/p>
【解析】develop independence 培養(yǎng)獨立意識
develop v→development n 發(fā)展→developing adj.發(fā)展的→developed adj.發(fā)達的 a developing country 一個發(fā)展中國家a developed country 一個發(fā)達國家 China is a __developing___country.32.Since they live in one house with their parents, they should know that everyone should do their part in keeping it clean and tidy.既然他們和父母同住在一個房子里，他們應該知道保持家里干凈、整潔每個人都應該參與。
【解析】since conj.既然(表示對方已知的事實或理由，常放在句首)
.—You have been in Neijiang very long? —Yeah.__Since___my parents came here.33.Our neighbor’s son got into a good college but during his first year, he had n idea how to take care of himself.我們鄰居的兒子上一所好大學，但是在第一年的時候，他還不知道如何照顧自己。
take care of 照顧Thanks for your invitation, but I’m so sorry I can’t go.I need to ___take care of___ my baby at home.【拓展】與take相關的短語：
take photos/pictures 照像 take away拿走 take out取出(work out算出)take care當心 take a walk散步
take medicine服藥 take place發(fā)生take one’s temperature量體溫 take one’s time別著急
34.As a result , he often fell ill and his grades dropped.結(jié)果，他常常生病，功課也落下了。
【解析1】as a result 結(jié)果(插入語，放在句首，用逗號隔開)
Don’t ask him too late into the night, __As a result___ , he is only a small child.【解析2】fall ill 生病 fall asleep 入睡
35.The earlier kids learn to be independent , the better it is for their future.孩子們越早學會獨立，對他們的未來越好。
【解析】the + 比較級，the + 比較級 “越......越......”
The more you smile, the ___ happier____ you will feel.
第三篇：英語八年級下冊第三單元知識點總結(jié)
Unit 3.Could you please clean your room?
一、短語動詞
1、take out 帶出去；取出；拔出；除掉 動副詞組
代詞作賓語時必須放在兩詞之間。
2、come over 固定短語
過來，順便來訪，拜訪。后面加介詞to，后接表示地點的名詞作賓語。拓展：take out of 把---從---取出/帶出
3、hang →hung→hung
hang out 閑逛；溜達。
4、throw down扔下；隨手丟下
其中throw可用作及物或不及物動詞，意為扔，擲→threw→thrown 拓展：throw at向----扔去（帶有攻擊性）throw to 扔給---（不含惡意）throw away扔掉 SectionB
1、take care of 照顧；照料。相當于 look after后可接名詞、(反身）代詞作賓語。Take good care of相當于look after well
2、二、動詞用法
1、finish 及物動詞 完成后跟名詞、代詞或動詞ing形式作賓語。拓展：與finish一樣用法的動詞或動詞短語有：enjoy/look forward to/mind/have fun/practice/be busy/consider/feel like/give up
2、pass用作及物動詞
給；遞； pass sb sth =pass sth to sb把某物遞給某人。
走過、通過（考試等）
作不及物動詞，（時間）過去，流逝
3、borrow sth from sb向某人借某物。
非延續(xù)性動詞
Lend(lent;lent)sb sth=lend sth to sb借給某人某物。非延續(xù)性動詞
Keep 由“保存”引申為“借”，延續(xù)性動詞，可與時間段連用。四川-----Excuse me,can I_____your pen?-----sorry,I have_____it to Bob.A.borrow;lend B.borrow;borrowed C.lend;borrowed D.lend;lent
4、hate及物動詞
厭惡；討厭，表示一種感情或心理狀態(tài)，不能用于進行時態(tài)。
Hate sb/sth不喜歡某人或某物
Hate to do/doing sth 厭惡做某事（某一次或經(jīng)常性的）相當于like的用法。
SectionB
1、invite及物動詞
邀請
名詞invitation 邀請；請?zhí)?/p>
Invite sb to +地點名詞。邀請某人到某地。
Invite sb to do sth 邀請某人做某事。
2、make sb do sth 讓某人做某事。
3、動詞辨析：
單詞
主語
常用結(jié)構(gòu)
含義 Spend(spent)
人
sb spend time/money on sth
Sb spend time/money doing sth Pay(paid)
人
sb pay money for sth Cost(cost)
物
sth cost sb some money Take(took)
it作形式主語 it takes sb some time to do sth 四川：-----I_________a lot of time palying computer games everyday.----oh,boy.it’s bad for your eyes.A.spend B.takes C.pay
4、provide sth for sb =provide sb with sth給某人提供某物
Offer sb sth =offer sth to sb主動給某人提供某物
Offer to do sth 主動提出做某事。
5、depend on依靠；依賴 independent獨立的 independence獨立性
6、develop作及物動詞或不及物動詞
發(fā)展；壯大。Development發(fā)展。
Developed/developing 前者是發(fā)達的后者是發(fā)展中的。
7、Have no idea 相當于don't know
不知道、drop（dropped）→dropping
（1）drop意為“丟失或落下”時，既可以作及物動詞，也可以作不及物動詞。如：
She was scared and dropped the cup.她嚇壞了，丟落了茶杯。
The glass dropped from her hand.玻璃從她的手中掉了下來。
（2）drop作動詞還有“（價格）下降；放棄”的意思，如：
The price of the rice has dropped.大米的價格已經(jīng)降下來了。
Don't drop math.別放棄數(shù)學。
（3）drop也可作名詞，表示“滴”，如：
A drop of rain fell on my face.一滴雨落在我的臉上。
（4）drop還可指“下跌；落下的距離”，如：
There was a sudden drop in the temperature yesterday.昨天氣溫大幅下降。
拓展：drop behind 落后 drop in/by偶然拜訪
eye drops 眼藥水 a drop in the ocean滄海一粟
Drop out of school輟學
三、名詞
1、rubbish 不可數(shù)名詞
垃圾，廢棄物
2、mess名詞
雜亂；不整潔。常用短語：in a mess 亂七八糟
3、chores
家務
可數(shù)名詞
Housework（homework）家務
不可數(shù)名詞 SectionB
1、stress不可數(shù)名詞，精神壓力；心理負擔。
Under the stress of 在---壓力之下。
2、waste 名詞
浪費
a waste of time 浪費時間
不可數(shù)名詞
廢物；垃圾；浪費
作形容詞
無用的；廢棄的；丟棄的。
作及物動詞
浪費
四、形容詞
五、副詞
SectionB
1、anyway 副詞
而且；加之。
The coat is too expensive and anyway I don’t like the color.還可意為“不管怎樣，無論如何，即使這樣。
Anyway ,it’s worth trying.The water was cold but he took a shower anyway.六、介詞短語
1、in front of在---面前；是指在一定范圍外。
in the front of 在----前部，是指在一定范圍內(nèi)。廣東中考----why are you standing,Alice?-----I can’t see the blackboard clearly.two tall boys are sitting_________me.A.behind B.next to C.between D.in front of
2、in surprise 驚訝地；驚奇地，常用作狀語。
拓展：to one’s surprise 使某人吃驚的是，常放在句首，作狀語。
sectionB
1、in order to目的是；為了 后接動詞原形，引導目的狀語。位置可放在句首，也可放在句中。否定為：in order not to do.In order that 后面接從句，表示目的，從句中常含有情態(tài)動詞。廣東：in order _______for the meeting,my sister forced herself to get up early this morning.A.not to be late B.not being late C.to be late D.being late
3、as a result 結(jié)果；因此
拓展：as a result of 由于----；作為------的結(jié)果。
七、連詞
1、the minute意為“一----就----”引導時間狀語從句，其后省略了引導詞that相當于the moment或as soon as（通常情況下主從句時態(tài)要一致。但若主句用一般將來時，從句則要用一般現(xiàn)在時表將來。）哈爾濱：boys and girls,calm down and focus on the test paper____you begin to think about the answers.Be confident.you can do it.A.as if B.as soon as C.although
2、?when是at or during the time that, 既指時間點，也可指一段時間； while是during the time that，只指一段時間，因此when引導的時間狀語從句中的動詞可以是終止性動詞，也可以是延續(xù)性動詞，而while從句中的動詞必須是延續(xù)性動詞。
②when 說明從句的動作和主句的動作可以是同時，也可以是先后發(fā)生；while 則強調(diào)主句的動作在從句動作的發(fā)生的過程中或主從句兩個動作同時發(fā)生。
③由when引導的時間狀語從句，主句用過去進行時，從句應用一般過去時；如果從句和主句的動作同時發(fā)生，兩句都用過去進行時的時候，多用while引導，如： a.When the teacher came in, we were talking.當此句改變主從句的位置時，則為：
While we were talking, the teacher came in.b.They were singing while we were dancing.SectionB
1、since 由于；因為；既然，引導原因狀語從句，通常放在句首。
還可引導時間狀語從句，自---以來。一般用在完成時當中。
八、特殊句型
1、as---as---與---一樣，用于同級比較。第一個as為副詞，后跟形容詞或副詞的原級；第二個為連詞，引導比較狀語從句。
否定形式：not as/so---as---,不如----
2、neither+連系動詞be/助動詞/情態(tài)動詞+主語
----也不。
這是一個倒裝句，表示上句否定的情況也同樣適合后者。
So+連系動詞be/助動詞/情態(tài)動詞+主語
----也是。
這是一個倒裝句，表示上句肯定的情況也同樣適合后者。
拓展：neither+主語+連系動詞be/助動詞/情態(tài)動詞
----的確不是這樣。（表示說話者同意上文中說話者的否定觀點。）
So+主語+連系動詞be/助動詞/情態(tài)動詞
-----的確是這樣。
表示說話者同意上述說話者說出的觀點。
福建----last night I didn't watch the TV show。A Bite of China 2
-----_______did I.I was preparing for today’s test then.A.So B.Either C.Neither SectionB
1、do one’s part in(doing)sth 盡某人的職責做某事。
2、The+比較級，the+比較級
表示越----，就越-----
比較級+比較級
表示越來越------貴州：__________children there are in a family,________their life will be.A.the less;the better B.The fewer;the better C.Fewer;richer D.More;poorer
九、語法專項 1.can 的用法：
（1）.表示能力、許可、可能性。表示能力時一般譯為“能、會”，即有種能力，尤其是生來具備的能力，此時may 和must 均不可代替它。如：She can swim fast, but I can’t.她能游得很快，但我不能。I can see with my eyes.我用眼睛看。
（2）.表示許可，常在口語中。如：You can use my dictionary.你可以用我的字典。
（3）.表示推測，意為“可能”，常用于否定句和疑問句中，此時can’t 譯為“ 不可能”?！狢an it be our teacher?那個人有可能是我們老師嗎？—No, it can’t be our teacher.He is on a visit to the Great Wall.不可能。咱們老師正在游覽長城呢。2.could的用法：
（1）.can的過去式，意為“ 能、會”，表示過去的能力。如：He could write poems when he was 10.他十歲時就會寫詩。
（2）.could在疑問句中，表示委婉的語氣，此時 could 沒有過去式的意思。如:Could you do me a favour? 你能幫我個忙嗎？—Could I use your pen? 我能用一下你的鋼筆嗎? —Yes, you can.可以。（注意回答）
?—________ you pass me a pen? I’d like to write down the phone number.—Sure.Here it is.A.Can B.Need C.Might D.Must ?The man in the office___be Mr.Black, because he went home just now.A.mustn’t B.may not C.can’t D.needn’t —___ I take the newspaper away? —No, you mustn't.You____read it only here.A.Must;can B.May;can C.Need;must D.Must;must
第四篇：新版八年級英語下冊第三單元知識點歸納
新版八年級英語下冊第三單元知識點歸納
Unit3 Could you please clean your room?
一、Peter ,could you please take out the rubbish? 彼得，你能把垃圾倒了嗎？----sure,mom.Could you please do sth ?請你（做）......好嗎？ 用于提出請求，希望得到對方的肯定回答，說話的語氣比較客氣委婉。
Could 不是can的過去式，是委婉、禮貌的說法。回答用can.【常用答語】肯定回答：Sure./ Of course./ Certainly./No problem.否定回答： Sorry , I can’t
2、take out 取出（v+ adv）
【注】: 跟代詞做賓語，代詞放中間；跟名詞做賓語，可放在中間，也可放在后邊 take 有關的短語: take out 帶出去,取出
Please take out a piece of paper.請拿出一張紙。
Please take it out.請把它拿出來。take...out “把??帶出去”
My father is taking me out to go for a drive.我爸爸要帶我出去開車。(1)take off 脫下；（飛機）起飛
----Please take off your coat（外套）, It’s warm here.---The plane took off at 9:00 am.【短語】take out the trash/rubbish 倒垃圾 take away 拿走，取走
take back 收回 take place 發(fā)生 take off 脫下； 起飛
（2）take ?to ?把...帶到...(3)take sb.for a walk 帶某人去散步 take a walk 散步（4）take exercise 運動，鍛煉（5）take one’s time 不用急，慢慢來（6）take a bus(ship/train)乘坐公共汽車（7）take turns 輪流，替換（8）It takes sb.some time to do sth.做某事花費某人多長時間 3.Can you do the dishes.？那你可以洗盤子嗎？
do the dishes 洗碗
【結(jié)構(gòu)1】do the +名詞： do the dishes/ laundry 洗餐具/衣服
【結(jié)構(gòu)2】do the +動詞-ing do the cleaning 打掃衛(wèi)生
【結(jié)構(gòu)3】do one’s + 名詞 do one’s housework/ homework 做家務/家庭作業(yè)
【結(jié)構(gòu)4】do some +動詞-ing do some reading/ shopping 讀寫書/購物 4.could you please help out with a few things? help out動詞短語，表示在某人繁忙或 遇到困難時“給予幫助”。
help和out之間還可以加入具體的“人”。
e.g.He helped me out with my task.他幫我完成了任務。
They helped(us)out with the clean-up.他們幫助我們做大掃除。
5.Because Mom will back from shopping any minute now.因為媽媽馬上回來購物。
6.any minute now 一種常見的口語表達法，相當于“隨時；馬上；在任何時刻”的意思，e.g.Don’t worry, he will come here any minute now.別擔心, 他會馬上來這兒。7.Could I at least finish watching this show? 至少讓我看完這個節(jié)目可以嗎？ 1】Could I do sth? 我可以做......嗎？
用于表達請求，語氣比較委婉。Could I go out with my classmate this weekend? 2】at least 至少，多指數(shù)量或程度上的最低限度。(反)at most 至多 3】finish v 結(jié)束；完成 finish doing sth 做完某事
eg— Can you finish reading these books before 10 o'clock? — Yes, I can.5、I think two hours of TV is enough for you!我覺得你看兩個小時的電視已經(jīng)足夠了。1】two hours of TV 表示時間、距離、金額、度量等詞語作主語時，通常被視作整體，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。
How time is flies!Three yearsisreally a short time.時光飛逝！三年真的是短暫的時光?！窘馕?】enough 足夠的，充分的（在句中作定語或表語）
I don’t have enough money with me.我沒有足夠的錢。【解析2】足夠；充分（放在形容詞；副詞后）
The river is deep enough for swimming.這條河夠深，可以游泳。
【記】 Mr.Smith has enough money ,but he isn’t kind enough to help others.史米斯先生有足夠的錢，但他不夠好心幫助別人
【注意】enough 修飾名詞時，置于名詞前；修飾形容詞時，置于形容詞之后。
6、Could you take out the rubbish,fold the clothes and do the dishes? 你能把垃圾倒了。把衣服疊好，再把碗洗了嗎？ 【解析】take out 拿出；取出 take 的用法：
Please take some books to the classroom.請帶一些書到教室去。
Take this medicine three times a day.這藥一天服三次。They usually take the bus to work.他們通常乘公共汽車去上班。
It takes me two hours to do my homework every day.我每天花兩個小時做作業(yè)。短語 take a rest 休息 take care of 照顧 take off 脫下；起飛 take up 占據(jù)
take down 拿下 take one’s time 不急；慢慢來 take one’s temperature 量體溫 7.The minute I sat down in front of the TV, my mom came over.我剛坐在電視機前面，我媽媽就過來了。
【解析1】the minute = as soon as “一......就......”
Please write to me the minute you get there.【解析2】 in front of指在物體外部的前面
There is a bike in front of the classroom.教室前面有一輛自行車。指在物體內(nèi)部的前面
Our teacher is standing in the front of the classroom 我們的老師正站在教室的前面 【記】 The driver sat _in the front of_ the car.The policeman stood ___in front of_ the car.【注意】有the無the區(qū)別大：
at table 吃飯；進餐 in hospital 住院
at the tabel 在桌邊 in the hospital 在醫(yī)院（不一定看病）【解析3】come over 過來
【拓展】 come 短語：
come across（偶然）發(fā)現(xiàn) come back 回來 come up with想出 come true實現(xiàn) come down下來 come from=be from來自,出生于 come in/into進入,進來 come on趕快,加油 come along走吧,過來,快點 come and go來來去去 come up上來 come out出來，(花)開，(照片)沖洗出來 7.You watch TV all the time and never help out around the house!你總是看電視，從不幫忙做家務！
all the time = always 一直；總是
8.I’m just as tired as you are!我和你一樣累！【解析】as...as...和......一樣......9.For one week , she did not do any housework and neither did I.一周的時間，她不做任何家務，我也不做。
【解析】neither +助動詞/系動詞/情態(tài)動詞 +主語 “某人（主語）也不” ⑴ neither兩者都不
neither …nor… 既不…也不…,連接兩個詞做主語，謂語動詞由后一個主語確定 Neither Tom nor Jim is a student ⑵ 表達“…也不……” 則用 “Neither /Nor + be / V助 / V情 + 主”
—The first one wasn’t bad.— Neither was the second.第一個并不壞。-第二個也不是。10.The next day , my mom came home from work to find the house clean and tidy.第二天，媽媽下班回到家后發(fā)現(xiàn)房間很干凈、整潔?！窘馕觥縡ind +賓語+賓語補足語 【注】find → found →found v尋找
(1)find sb.doing sth 發(fā)現(xiàn)某人做某事
(2)find it + adj.+ to do sth 發(fā)現(xiàn)做某事很……
◆find it difficult/ hard to do sth 發(fā)現(xiàn)做某事很困難 She found _it__ hard to finish the work by herself.她發(fā)現(xiàn)自己很難完成這項工作。
11.She asked in surprise.她吃驚地問道?！窘馕觥縤n surprise 驚奇地；吃驚地
surprise v 使吃驚→surprising adj.令人吃驚的 →surprised adj.吃驚的
to one’s surprise 使某人吃驚的是 in surprise 吃驚地 be surprised at 對……感到吃驚 To my surprise_(使我吃驚的是），he got the first prize in the exam.12.“ I’m so sorry, Mom.I finish understand that we need to share the housework to have a clean and comfortable home.” I replied.“對不起，媽媽。我終于理解為了擁有一個干凈、舒適的家我們需要共同來分擔家務。” 我回答說。
【解析1】need v 需要 用于肯定句，是實義動詞。
(1)人做主語，sb.need to do sth 某人需要做某事(2)物做主語，sth need doing sth= sth need to be done ①Students need ___to have_(have)a good rest in studying.②The watch needs__mending___(mend).手表需要修。用于否定句或疑問句，是情態(tài)動詞(1)needn’t = don’t have to 沒有必要
(2)need ,must 引導的一般疑問句，肯定會的用must,否定回答用needn’t
— Must I go there now? — Yes，you must/No, you needn’t
【解析2】share 分享；共用 share sth 分享或共用某物 share sth with sb.與某人分享某物(All his friends __Shared___ his happiness when he won the match.13.Could I hang out with my friends after the movie? 看完電影后我能和朋友們一起閑逛嗎？
【解析】hang out 閑逛 hang up 把......懸掛/掛起 14.Could you please pass me the salt?你能把鹽遞給我嗎？
【解析】pass ⑴v 給；遞；走過；通過 pass sb.sth 把某物遞給某 Pass on 傳遞 Please pass the paper on to the other students.⑵ v 通過；路過 I pass your home.⑶ v 通過（考試）；及格 Tom can pass his math exam.15.Could I borrow that book?我能借下你那本書看嗎、Could you lend me some money?你能借我一些錢嗎？ 【解析】borrow /lend/keep(1)borrow 借入 ,與from 連用，尤指主語“【借進來”】
borrow sth from sb.從某人那里借某物 You can borrow the book from the library.(2)lend 借出 ,與to 搭配 【指借出去】
lend sb sth=lend sth to sb 把某物借給某人He doesn’t want to lend his book to others.(3)keep 保留，保存（延續(xù)動詞，可以與表示一段時間的狀語連用）【指借一段時間】 【記】 I want to _borrow__ a bike from my friend but he didn’t _lend___ it to me, because Tom had _kept____ it for two days.16.I cut my finger and I’m trying not to get it wet.我的手指割傷了，傷口不能弄濕。
【解析】try(not)to do sth努力（不）做某事。try v 試圖，設法，努力 【拓展】(1)try on 試穿
(2)try to do sth 努力做某事 【側(cè)重盡力做】
(3)try doing sth 試圖做某事 【側(cè)重嘗試做】
(4)try one’s best to do sth= do one’s best to do sth 盡某人最大努力做某事 17.I hate to do chores.我討厭做家務。
hate to do sth 討厭做某事, 表示某次具體行為或動作。I hate to trouble him.我討厭麻煩他 hate doing sth不愿意做某事 表示經(jīng)?；蛄晳T性行為或動作。She hates smoking in her room.她討厭在房間里抽煙。
18.Could I ask you to help me with some chores then? 那我能請求你幫我做些雜活嗎？
【解析】ask sb.to do sth 要求某人做某事。
ask for 請求，要某物
ask sb.about sth 向某人詢問關于某事(1)ask sb.for help 向某人請求幫助(2)ask sb.(not)to do sth請求某人做某事 ask構(gòu)成的短語： 短語 含義
ask sb.to do sth 請某人做某事 ask sb.not to do sth 不讓某人做某事 ask sb for sth 向某人要某物 ask for help 尋求幫助
19.I’ll finish my homework while you help me with the dishes.當你幫我洗盤子的時候，我將完成我的家庭作業(yè)。
【解析1】finish doing sth 完成某事
— Can you finish _reading__ these books before 10 o’clock? 你能在十點前讀完這些書嗎？ — Yes, I can.【解析2】while conj.“在……期間； 當……的時候” While 引導的時間狀語從句的謂語動詞只能是延續(xù)動詞。
_While __ the children have fun, parents can take dance lessons on the beach.當孩子們玩得開心時，父母可以在海灘上上舞蹈課?！窘馕?】help sb.with sth.在某事上幫助某人?！咀ⅰ縣elp v 幫助 → helpful adj.有幫助的
(1)help sb.do sth.=help sb.with sth.幫助某人做某事(2)with the help of sb.=with one’s help在某人的幫助之下(3)without the help of 沒有在…的幫助之下 ①I think reading is very __helpful____(help).② __Without____ your help, we couldn’t catch the thief.抓住小偷。20.Could I invite my friends to a party? 我能邀請我的朋友們來聚會嗎？ 【解析】invite sb.to Sp.邀請某人去某地 【解析】invite v → invitation n邀請(1)invite sb.to do sth 邀請某人做某事(2)invite sb.to +地點 邀請某人去某地
21.I don’t understand why some parents make their kids help with housework and chores at home.我不理解為什么有些父母在家讓孩子們幫忙做家務和雜務?！窘馕觥縨ake sb.do sth 讓某人做某事 make → made →made v.做，制作，使得
(1)make sb/sth + 形容詞 “讓某人或某物…” make you happy(2)make sb/sth do sth 使某人做某事 make me laugh.Colors can change our moods and make us _feel__ happy or sad, energetic or sleep.顏色可以改變我們的心情，使我們感到高興或悲傷，精力充沛或睡眠。22.They don’t have time to study and do housework，too.他們也沒有時間來學習家務和做家務?！窘馕觥縣ave time to do sth.有時間做某事 have time =be free 有空
23.Housework is a waste of their time.做家務是在浪費他們的時間。
【解析】a waste of 浪費 a waste of time 浪費時間 a waste of money 浪費金錢 waste v “浪費”
waste time/money on sth waste time / money(in)doing sth 在做某事上花費時間/金錢 Don’t _waste_water.Can’t you see the sign “save water”?不要浪費水。你看不到“節(jié)約用水”的牌子嗎？ 24.They should spend their time on schoolwork in order to get good grades and get into a good university.為了取得好成績并考上一所好大學，他們應該把時間用在學習上?！窘馕?】spend...on sth 在某事上花費......spend/pay/cost/take 花費
(1)spend→spent→spent v 花費,主語是人
◆ sb.+ spend +時間/錢+on sth ◆sb.+spend +時間/錢+（in）doing sth ◆spend on= pay for 支付
He spends too much time on the computer games.他花太多時間在電腦游戲上。
Remember to spend some time _with_ your loved ones, because they’re not going to be around forever.記得花些時間和你所愛的人在一起，因為他們不會永遠在你身邊。My father _spent_ one hundred thousand yuan on his new car.我父親花了十萬元買他的新車
(2)pay →paid →paid v 支付，主語是人
◆sb.+ pay + 錢+for sth I pay 10 yuan for the book.— How much did you pay for this computer? 你花了多少錢買這臺電腦 — Five hundred dollars.(3)cost→ cost→ cost v 花費，主語是某物或某事
◆sth cost sb.+錢 某物花費某人多少錢 A new computer costs me a lot of money.I bought a new sweater last weekend.It ___cost_ me 120 yuan.上周末我買了一件新毛衣。我花了120元
(4)take→took → taken v 花費
◆It takes /took sb.some time to do sth.做某事花費某人多長時間 It takes him 3 hours to do his homework.他花了3個小時做作業(yè)。
【解析2】in order to “目的是；為了” 后接動詞原形。in order to do sth 為了做某事 He ran quickly in order not __to be___ late for the meeting.他跑得很快，為了不遲到。【解析3】get into =enter 進入 【拓展】與get相關的短語：
get up 起床 get back 返回 get over 克服
get dressed穿衣 get into進入 get/be lost丟失 get off/on下/上車 get on well with sb.與某人相處得好 get out of從…出來 get warm 變曖 get ready for +n.為…做準備 get ready to do sth.準備做某事 get well康復 get a chance 有機會、得到機會
get/go to sleep(fall asleep)入睡 相關：(be asleep睡著)25.Also,when they get older, they will have to do housrwork so there’s no need for them to do it now.而且，當他們長大的時候，他們也將會做家務，因此，他們沒必要現(xiàn)在在做?！窘馕觥縢et older 長大 get/ become/ go辨析：
⑴ get+adj較多地與形容詞比較級連用。The days are getting longer and longer.天變得越來越長
⑵ become 強調(diào)變化的結(jié)果 It's becoming colder and colder.天氣變得越來越冷。⑶go+adj.''表示令人不快的事情 go bad變壞，go blind變瞎，go hungry挨餓
26.It is the parents’ job to provide a clean and comfortable environment at home for their children.在家為孩子們提供一個干凈、舒適的環(huán)境是父母的義務?！窘馕觥縫rovide sth.for sb.為某人提供某物 provide v 提供
provide sb.with sth.(sb 前介詞用for)=provide sth for sb.(sth 前需加介詞with)供應某人某物
相當于：offer sb.sth.= offer sth to sb.provide 為應急等做好準備而“提供； 供給” provide sb.with sth.=provide sth for sb.提供某人某物
offer 側(cè)重表示“愿意給予” offer sb.sth.= offer sth to sb.對某人提供某物 offer to do sth 主動提出干某事
supply 定期“供應” , 強調(diào)替代或補充所需物品 Supply sb.with sth=supply sth.to sb.為某人提供某物
①The Internet provides us _with__a lot of _information___we need.因特網(wǎng)給我們提供了許多我們需要的信息。
② —Could you please provide us _with___ some information about the students’ health? — Of course, it’s my pleasure.你能為我們提供一些關于學生的健康信息？當然，這是我的榮幸。
27.And anyway, I think doing chores is not so difficult.無論如何，我認為做家務并不那么難。
【解析】anyway 無論如何,(一般放在句首，用逗號和句子隔開）
28.I think it is important for children to learn how to do chores and help their parents with housework.我認為對孩子們來說，學習如何做雜務并幫助他們的父母做家務是很重要的?！窘馕觥縄t is important for sb.to do sth.對某人來說做某事是重要的
29.Children these days depend on their parents too much.現(xiàn)在的孩子太依賴他們的父母。
【解析】depend on 依靠；信賴
—— Shall we go for a picnic tomorrow? —— Well, it all ___depends on____ the weather.30....Everyone should do their part in keeping it clean and tidy.每個人都有責任保持家里的干凈和整潔。
【解析1】 do one’s part 盡職責；盡本分 Do one’s part in doing sth 在做某事上盡職責 【解析2】keep +sth /sb.+adj.“使......處于某種狀態(tài)”
Her mother asked her to keep the windows __open__ and the door __closed__.她媽媽叫她把窗戶打開，關上了門
keep 系動詞 “保持” keep + adj.We must keep healthy.實義動詞 “保持；繼續(xù)”
(1)keep(on)doing sth 繼續(xù)做某事 He was in great pain but he kept on working He kept on __ talking__ after the ball rang for class.他不停地球響下課后說。(2)keep sb.Doing sth 讓某人一直做某事 I’m sorry to have kept you waiting for so long.My teacher kept me __doing___ homework all the afternoon.對不起，讓您久等了。我的老師讓我整個下午做作業(yè)。
31.Doing chores helps to develop children’s independence and teaches them how to look after themselves.做雜務不僅可以培養(yǎng)孩子們的獨立性還可以教 他們?nèi)绾握疹欁约骸！窘馕觥縟evelop independence 培養(yǎng)獨立意識
develop v→development n 發(fā)展→developing adj.發(fā)展的→developed adj.發(fā)達的 a developing country 一個發(fā)展中國家a developed country 一個發(fā)達國家 China is a __developing___country.32.Since they live in one house with their parents, they should know that everyone should do their part in keeping it clean and tidy.既然他們和父母同住在一個房子里，他們應該知道保持家里干凈、整潔每個人都應該參與。
【解析】since conj.既然(表示對方已知的事實或理由，常放在句首）
.—You have been in Neijiang very long? —Yeah.__Since___my parents came here.你在內(nèi)江已經(jīng)有很長時間了嗎？-是的。因為我的父母來到這里。
33.Our neighbor’s son got into a good college but during his first year, he had n idea how to take care of himself.我們鄰居的兒子上一所好大學，但是在第一年的時候，他還不知道如何照顧自己。
take care of 照顧Thanks for your invitation, but I’m so sorry I can’t go.I need to ___take care of___ my baby at home.【拓展】與take相關的短語：
take photos/pictures 照像 take away拿走 take out取出(work out算出)take care當心 take a walk散步
take medicine服藥 take place發(fā)生take one’s temperature量體溫
take one’s time別著急
34.As a result , he often fell ill and his grades dropped.結(jié)果，他常常生病，功課也落下了。
【解析1】as a result 結(jié)果（插入語，放在句首，用逗號隔開）
Don’t ask him too late into the night, __As a result___ , he is only a small child.不要太深夜問他，作為一個結(jié)果，他只是一個小孩。【解析2】fall ill 生病 fall asleep 入睡
35.The earlier kids learn to be independent , the better it is for their future.孩子們越早學會獨立，對他們的未來越好。
【解析】the + 比較級，the + 比較級 “越......越......”
The more you smile, the happieryou will feel.你笑得越多，你就會感覺到快樂。
第五篇：新版八年級英語下冊第四單元知識點歸納
新版八年級英語下冊第四單元知識點歸納
Unit 4 Why don’t you talk to your parents?
Why don’t you talk to your parents? 你為什么不和你打父母談談呢？ 【解析】Why don't you do sth ?= Why not do sth? 為什么不......呢？ 【拓展】用于提建議的句型有：
(1)What about doing sth ?=How about doing sth? ….怎么樣？(2)Why don’t you do sth?= Why not do sth? 為什么不呢？(3)Let’s do sth.讓我們一起做某事吧。(4)Shall we/I do sth?我們做…好嗎？(5)had better do/not do sth 最好做/不做某事(6)Will/Would you please do sth 請你做…好嗎？(7)Would you like to do sth? 你想去做某事嗎？(8)Would you mind doing sth？你介意做某事嗎？ 【回答】
(1).同意對方的建議時，一般用：
◆ Good idea./ That’s good idea.好主意 ◆OK/ All right./ Great 好/ 行/太好了
◆ Yes, please./ I’d love to 是的/ 我愿意
◆ I agree with you 我同意你的看法
◆ No problem 沒問題
◆Sure/ Of course/ Certainly 當然可以
◆Yes, I think so 對，我也這樣想
(2).對對方的幫助或要求表示委婉謝絕時，一般用：
◆ I don’t think so 我認為不是這樣
◆Sorry, I can’t 對不起，我不能
◆I’d love to, but…
◆ I’m afraid…我愿意，但恐怕……
I have to study too much so I don’t get enough sleep.我要學的太多，因此我睡眠不足。【解析1】(1)too many + 復數(shù)名詞 許多 too many people(2)too much +不可數(shù)名詞 許多 too much homework(3)much too +形容詞 太… much too cold 【解析2】so conj.因此(表示因果關系，后面跟表示結(jié)果的句子，不與because同時使用）
My parents don’t allow me to hang out with my friends.我的父母不允許我和我的朋友們出去閑逛。
【解析】allow sb.to do sth 允許某人做某事 【拓展】allow v 允許
allow doing sth 允許做某事 They don’t allow smoking.allow sb.to do sth 允許某人做某事My mother allows me to watch TV.be allowed to do sth 被允許做某事
①We don’t allow ___________(smoke)in the reading room.②Our teacher allows us ____________(go)out for a walk.③The boy should be allowed____(play)after supper.④We won’t allow ________in the cinema.But you are allowed ______in the rest room.(smoke)⑤Teenagers should ___________(allow)to choose their own clothes.【拓展】allow與let的辨析：
allow指―允許‖，表示―默許，聽任，不加阻止‖，allow sb to do sth允許某人做某事。
Let指―讓‖，let sb do sth讓某人做某事，語意較弱，多用于口語中，let不能用于被動語態(tài)。4.What’s wrong? 怎么啦？
【解析】What’s wrong(with sb./ sth)（某人/物）怎么了？
I’m really tried because I studied until midnight last night.我真的很累，因為我昨天晚上一直學習到半夜?！窘馕觥縰ntil 直到......時
Why don’t you go to sleep earlier this evening?今天晚上你為什么不早點睡覺呢？ 【解析】go to sleep 去睡覺(強調(diào)―入睡，睡著‖這一動作）7.You look sad, Kim.金，你看起來很傷心?！窘馕觥縧ook 看起來（系動詞，后跟形容詞作賓語）【【拓展】：系動詞：后跟adj.作表語
一是：（be）am /is /are be quiet=keep quiet 保持安靜
二保持：stay/keep（表示持續(xù)狀態(tài)）stay healthy=keep healthy 保持健康 三變化：become/get/turn（表示狀態(tài)變化）五起來：sound/look/smell/taste/feel（表示感覺）
()Jack usually gets ______ when he speaks in public.A.happily B.exciting C.worried D.tired()Tom’s father looks very _____.But he is very kind.A.seriously B.serious C.friendly You ____ call him up.你____ 給他打電話。
【解析】call up(v + adv)call on 拜訪；號召 I call up my parents every Sunday.9.Well, I found my sister looking through my things yesterday.哦，昨天我發(fā)現(xiàn)我妹妹翻了我的東西。
【解析1】find sb.doing sth 發(fā)現(xiàn)某人正在做某事Mr.Wang found Li Dong reading a storybook in the class.類似動詞：hear，watch, see, feel 【解析2】look through 瀏覽 【拓展】與look相關的短語：
look for look after=take care of look like look the same look over look through look out look up look around look forward to 10.Yes, but I’m still angry with her.是的，但是我仍然很生她的氣。【解析】be angry with sb.生某人的氣
【拓展】angry adj.生氣的→ angrily adv.生氣地
(1)be angry with sb.=be mad at sb.對某人生氣【with后接人】(2)be angry at/about sth對某事感到生氣 【at后接事】(3)be angry to do sth 做某事感到生氣
【記】 My father was very __________(對……生氣)his computer.He hit the computer _______(angry)()— Why are you unhappy, Kate? — I didn’t finish my homework again.I’m afraid Miss Gao will be ___ me.A.angry with B.friendly to C.proud of()I was very angry ____ myself ___ making such as a stupid mistakes.A.at;at B.with;for C.at;with D.with;at 11.Although she’s wrong, It’s not a big deal.盡管她錯了，但也不是什么大錯?！窘馕?】although= though 盡管 , 用來引導讓步狀語從句。【注】though / although 不能與but連用 【拓展】although/however辨析
⑴although conj，―雖然；即使；縱然‖，引導讓步狀語從句時放在主句前后都可。Although he is very old, yet he is quite strong.他雖然年紀大了，但身體還很健壯。⑵ however adv，在句中作插入語，起一個連詞的作用，一般用逗號與句子分開，可以放在句首或句中，意為―然而，盡管如此‖。
It’s raining hard, However, I think we should go out.雨下的很大。盡管如此，我認為我們還應該出去。
【解析2】It’s not a big deal.沒什么大不了；不是什么大事（常用于口語中）You left your homework at home.你把作業(yè)忘在家里了。
【解析】leave v 遺忘，留下 leave sth.somewhere把某物忘在某地 leave sb.by oneself 把某人單獨留下
12.Hope things work out.希望事情順利解決。【解析1】hope v 希望
hope to do sth I hope to visit Guilin.hope + that 從句（表示希望）I hope that you’ll be better soon wish v 希望 wish to do sth I wish to visit Guilin.wish sb.to do sth 希望某人做某事 I wish you to go.wish +that 從句 表示愿望，從句用虛擬語氣 I wish I were you.【解析2】work out 解決；成功地發(fā)展，后跟fine,well, badly等詞，表明產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果如何。
13.My problem is I can’t get on with my favorite.我的問題是我不能喝我的家人和睦相處?！窘馕觥縢et on with sb.和某人和睦相處；和某人關系良好 =get along with get on well/ badly with 相處的好/壞
14.When they argue, it’s like a big, black cloud hanging over our home.當他們爭吵的時候，就像有一大團烏云籠罩在我們家?！窘馕?】argue 爭吵
→argument n 爭論 have an argument with sb.與某人辯論
argue with sb.與某人爭吵 argue with sb.about sth 為某事與某人爭吵 argue about sth 爭論某事
argue against 爭辯；反對 He argued against the plan 【解析2】 hang over 掛在......之上； 懸浮在......之上 hang out 閑逛；常去某處 He likes reading and he often hangs out in the bookshop.hang on to 緊緊抓住 You’d better hang on to me in the crowd.hang up 掛電話；懸掛 After she finished her conversation 15.Also, my elder brother is not very nice to me.【解析】elder adj.年紀較長的 His elder brother is ill.elder 用來表示兄弟姐妹及子女之間的長幼關系，常用作定語
older 泛指新舊、老幼或年齡的大小關系，可以用作表語，是old的比較級形式?！居洝?My ______brother is 7 years older than my younger sister.【解析2】be nice to sb.對某人友好 be friendly to sb.be good to sb.16.He always refuses to let me watch my favorite TV show.他總是拒絕讓我看我最喜歡的電視節(jié)目。
【解析】refuse =say no to v拒絕 refuse to do sth拒絕去做某事 ①The boy refused __________(go)to see his father with us.()②He refused when I asked him for help.A.said yes B.said no C.said hello 17.Instead he watches whatever he wants until late at night.相反，他卻想看什么酒看什么，一直到深夜?！窘馕?】 instead 代替，反而，替
(1)instead 副詞，代替，常放在句首或句尾,表示前面的事情沒做，而做了后面的事情。Lee was ill so I went instead.李病了，所以我去了。(2)instead of +n/doing 代替，而不是，放在句中
instead of 為介詞短語，后面一般接名詞、代詞、介詞短語或動名詞形式。
She wrote to him instead of calling him.=She didn’t call him.She wrote to him instead.她沒有給他打電話，而是給他寫了封信。
Health is very important to us.We should eat more vegetables and fruit _____ rich food.A.instead B.instead of C.because of D.because 【解析2】 whatever = no matter what 任何，每一
18.If your parents are having problems, you should offer to help.如果你的父母有問題，你應該主動提供幫助。
【解析】 offer to do sth 主動提出做某事 【拓展】offer v 主動給予(1)offer to do sth 主動提出做某事
(2)offer sb.sth= offer sth to sb.主動提供給某人某物
()The little boy _____ his seat to the old lady on the crowded bus.A.offered B.brought C.lent D.took 19.Secondly,why don’t you sit down and communicate with your brother? 其次，你為什么不能坐下來和你的哥哥交流一下呢？ 【解析1】secondly adv.第二；其次
【解析2】communicate v交流 communication n 交流；溝通communicate with sb.和某人交流
They communicate with each other by QQ.()They can’t understand each other so they have difficulty in _____.A.communicate B.communicated C.communicating 20.You should explain that you don’t mind him watching TV all the time.你應該跟他解釋說你并不介意他一直看電視。
【解析】explain 解釋；說明 → explanation n 解釋；說明
explain sth to sb.向某人解釋某事。explain to sb sth給某人解釋某事 21.I’m worried about my school grades.我很膽小我的學習成績?！窘馕觥?be worried about sth.擔心某事
【拓展】worry v 擔心 → worried adj.焦急的 worry about = be worried about 為…擔心 ①Don’t be _________(worry).You’ll catch up with others.()② Don’t ____ about things so much.It will make you stressed out.afraid B.worry C.worried D.Terrified 22.My cousin borrows my things without returning them.我堂弟借我東西沒有還我?！窘馕觥縭eturn ⑴v 歸還=give back return...to...= give back to...把......還給......⑵ v 回來；返回 = come back 23.My parents give me a lot of presure about school.我父母在學習上給了我很多壓力?！窘馕觥縫ress v 按；壓 →pressure壓力
⑴不可數(shù)名詞（物理學）壓力air pressure 氣壓 blood pressure 血壓
⑵不可數(shù)名詞 還可指精神上、外界施加的壓力 = stress under pressure 在壓力下 24.I have to compete with my classmates at school.在學校我不得不和我的同學們競爭。【解析】compete v競爭；對抗 → competition n 競爭
compete with sb.和某人競爭compete against/ with 與……競爭compete for 為……參加比賽
We are ready for the coming ________________(compete).25.You should all be ___ each other to improve.你們都應該互相____ 而全面發(fā)展。【解析】improve =make...better 改進 →improvement n 提高
26.Who gives their opinions about the problem? 對于這個問題都有誰提出了他們自己的觀點。
【解析】opinion n 意見；想法；看法 in one’s opinion 以某人的觀點；在某人看來 give opinions about sth.給出關于某事的觀點。
27.These days , Chinese children are sometimes busier on weekends than weekdays because they have to take so many after-school classes.目前，中國的孩子有時周末比平常還要忙，因為他們不得不上那么多的課后輔導班?！窘馕觥縮ome time /sometime/some times/sometimes 【口訣】：分開是一段，合起是某時； 分開s 是倍次，合起s是有時
(1)some time一段時間，做時間狀語 It takes sb.some time to do sth.做某事花費某人多長時間
(2)sometime adv 在某個時候，(3)some times 名詞詞組，―幾次，幾倍‖ Mr.Green went to Sanya some times last summer.(4)sometimes=at times 有時（一般現(xiàn)在時的標志詞）()I hope to visit the USA _____ in the future.A.sometimes B.some times C.sometime D.some time 28.Others are practicing sports so that they can compete and win.其他人正在練習體育運動，這樣他們就能參與競爭并獲勝。
【解析】 others pron.―其他的人或事物‖There are other ways of doing it.做這事還有其他的辦法。
()My sister is outgoing.She likes making friends with ____.A.other B.another C.the other D.others 29.The Taylors are a typical American family.泰勒一家是一個典型的美國之家。
【解析1】The Taylors 泰勒一家。在姓氏的復數(shù)前加冠詞the表示―全家人或夫妻兩人‖，使用時注意主語和謂語保持一致。The Blacks are getting ready for the holiday.【解析】typical 典型的 be typical of ―是……的特點‖
30..Maybe I could cut out a few of their activities, but I believe these activities are important for my children’s future.或許我可以減少他們的一些活動，但是我相信這些活動對孩子們的未來很重要。【解析】cut out 刪除；刪去(v+adv)You’d better cut out that sentence.cut up 切碎 cut down 砍到 cut in 插隊 cut off 切斷（水、電）供應
()Don’t ___ when others talk;it’s impolite.A.cut out B.cut in C.cut down D.cut off 31.I really want them to be successful.我真的很想他們成功。
【解析】successful 成功的【拓展】 succeed v 成功，達到 →success n 成功 →successful adj 成功的→successfully adv成功地 ◆succeed in doing sth ①If at first you don’t ____________(success).try, try again.()② She works very hard ,so she will ____ in ____ the exam.A.successful;pass B.success;passing C.succeed;passing D.successful;passing 32.It’s time for homework.該寫作業(yè)了。
【解析】It’s time for sth 是到做某事的時候了。It’s time for lunch.It’s time to do sth It’s time to go to school.()It’s 9:30 pm., children!_____ is time to go to bed.A.That B.It C.This D.They In some families, competition starts very young and continues until the kids get older.在有些家庭，競爭從孩子們很小的時候就開始了，一直持續(xù)到他們長大?！窘馕觥縞ontinue 繼續(xù)；持續(xù)
【拓展】continue doing sth =go on doing sth 繼續(xù)做某事(前后做同一件事)continue to do sth = go on to do sth 繼續(xù)做某事（前后不是同一件事）①Let’s continue____________(read)the text.②Many students hope to continue ________(study)after _______(finish)school.（）③ The two teams continued _____ the game after half an hour.A.play B.to play C.playing D.played 【拓展】continue，go on, last辨析
⑴continue v.繼續(xù)，持續(xù)，指進程在時間或空間上的延續(xù)，強調(diào)持續(xù)不斷，有時也可以指短暫停止后繼續(xù)進行。
He continue the work for two days.他連續(xù)兩天都在做這項工作。⑵ go on指無間歇或有間歇地繼續(xù)，或以某種特定方式繼續(xù)。go on to do sth繼續(xù)做某事，指開始做另外一件事； go on doing sth繼續(xù)做原來所做的事情。
After doing his homework, he went on to preview his lessons.做完家庭作業(yè)之后，他繼續(xù)去預習他的研究。
⑶last v.持續(xù)，延續(xù)，維持，指某事物繼續(xù)存在或某種現(xiàn)象在時間上延續(xù)，說明某一動作要延續(xù)一段時間。
She won’t last long in that job.那個工作她做不了多久。
34.Mothers send their small kids to all kinds of classes.媽媽們把她們的小孩子送去各種各樣的輔導班。
【解析1】send→ sent → sent v 發(fā)送
【短語】： send away 趕走 send for 派人去請
send off 寄出 send out 分發(fā) send up 發(fā)射send sb.sth = send sth to sb.送給某人某物
【注】類似的動詞有：show(展示； 給……看)give(給)lend(借出)offer（提供）return（歸還）tell（告訴）
()① You fill in both parts of the form, then_____.A.send up it B.send for it C.send it away D.send it off()Please send a photo of your family ____ me.A.for B.at C.to D.with 【解析2】all kinds of 各種各樣的【拓展】kind(1)n 種類
kind of +adj.有點，有幾分，kind of cold 有點冷 a kind of 一種的，某種的 all kinds of 各種各樣的
different kinds of 不同種類的 What kind of…?那種
(2)adj.友好的 be kind to sb.= be good to sb.=be friendly to sb.對某人友好 【辨析】kind of 與kinds of: ○1kind of 單獨用，表示―有點‖，后接形容詞或副詞： He is kind of thin.‖他有點瘦‖ I feel kind of hungry.‖我有點餓‖
Uncle Wang speaks kind of quickly.王叔叔說得有點快。
○2若kind of前有a, this, that, what等，譯為―種，種類‖ 后加名詞。
That kind of question is difficult to answer.那類問題難回答。What kind of sport do you like best? 你最喜歡何種運動？
()①This kind of skirt looks ___ and sells _____.A.nice;well B.nice;good C.well;well D.good;nice()②—What ____ animals do you like? — Monkeys.I think they’re _____ clever.A.kind of;kind of B.a kind of;a kind of C.kind of;a kind D.a kind of;kind of()③ — It’s going to rain.Let me fetch an umbrella for you.— Thank you!You are so ____.A.lucky B.kind C.relaxed D.Interesting 【2013浙江臺州】17.—I want to see the movie Iron Man 3(《鋼鐵3》).Do you know the ______ of the ticket? —Yes.Five dollars.A.number B.price C.kind D.name 35..Kids should have time to relax and think for themselves, too.孩子們也應該有時間放松和獨立思考。
【解析】have time to do sth 有時間做某事
36.And they are always comparing them with other children.她們總是把自己的孩子和其他的孩子作比較。
【解析】compare A with B 將A和B 比較
(1)compare…with… 把……與…..做比較
(2)compare…to… 把…..比做……
()①.People often compare a teacher a candle.A.to B.into C.as D.with()②.It’s necessary English Chinese in English study.A.compare;to B.to compare;with C.comparing;to D.to compare;into 【2011四川廣元】— Why are most children under too much pressure ? — Because their parents always compare them ___ others.A.With B.by C.to 37.Doctors say too much pressure is not good for a child’s development.醫(yī)生說太多的壓力不利于孩子們的發(fā)展。
【解析1】be good for 對......有好處
【拓展】good(better;best)adj.好的 → goodness n 好處；善行 ；美德
be good for 對….有益處（反）be bad for對…有害處 be good at +n/doing=do well in +n/doing 擅長于做某事 be good to sb.=be kind to =be friendly to sb.對某人友好
【記】The boy is good ______me.He is good ______English , and he tells me oral practice is good ______improve spoken English.38.Dr.Alice Green says all these activities can cause a lot of stress for children.愛麗絲.格林醫(yī)生說所有的這些活動可能給孩子們帶來很多壓力?！窘馕觥?cause v.造成，使發(fā)生
(1)cause sb.to do sth 使某人做某事(2)cause sb.for sb.給某人添麻煩()①She always ___ trouble ___ people.A.cause;to B.cause;for C.causing;to D.causing;for()②Every year driving after drinking wine ____ a lot of traffic accidents.A.happens B.provides C.causes 【拓展】 cause, reason, excuse辨析
⑴cause n.原因，指引起某種結(jié)果的―原因‖，后接介詞of.The cause of the accident was the fact that he was driving too fast.事故的原因是他開車開的太快。
⑵reason n.理由，原因，指決定做某事或采取某項行動的理由。
The reason he was driving so fast was that he didn’t want to miss an important meeting.他開車如此快的原因是他不想錯過一個重要的會議。
⑶excuse n.辯解，借口，指對某種行為所做的解釋，可以是真的，也可以是托詞。He made a good excuse for his driving.他為自己開快車找了一個堂皇的借口。()What ___ the flowers to die? A.made B.had C.caused D.get()Do you often ___ trouble ____ your parents? A.get;into B.pay;for C.cause;for D.give;to 39..In my opinion, it is important for children/ parents to...我認為，對于孩子們/父母來說，......是重要的。
【解析】in one’s opinion 以某人的觀點； 在某人看來
40.Perhaps children/ parents should / could......或許孩子們/父母應該/ 可能.......【解析】perhaps 也許；可能
【拓展】perhaps，probably，possibly，maybe辨析 ⑴perhaps意為―也許，可能‖，一般指比較小的可能性。
Perhaps I will see him the day after tomorrow, but I am not sure.也許我后天去看他，不過我不能確定。
⑵probably―很可能，大概‖，其可能性最大，表示一種幾乎完全肯定的意思。He will probably refuse the offer.他很可能會拒絕這份提議。⑶possibly意為―可能，或許，也許‖，可能性較大。
I’ll see you today, or possibly tomorrow.我今天要見你，不過也可能是明天。⑷maybe―或許，大概‖，主要用于非正式場合，常用在口語中，語氣比perhaps輕。Maybe you put the letter in your basket.或許你把信放在你的籃子里了。41.It’s crazy.這是瘋狂的。
【解析】crazy.adj.不理智的；瘋狂的(在句中作定語、表語、賓語補足語)be crazy about 對……著迷；熱衷于…… I’m crazy about football.42.Does Cathy Taylor think it’s important for kids to join after-school activities? 凱西.泰勒認為對于孩子們而言參加課文活動重要嗎？
【解析】It’s + adj.(easy,difficult,important,necessary)+(for sb.)to do sth
【注】若形容詞表示事物特征的，如：easy ,difficult, hard ,important等，須用介詞for 【形容物，用for】
It’s +adj(kind, honest, friendly,)+(of sb)to do sth.【注】 若形容詞表示人的性格、品質(zhì)與特點，如：good ,kind ,nice, wrong等，用介詞of。【形容人用of】
【2012山東東營】It’s very convenient ___ us to buy train tickets now because we can buy them either from the station or on the Internet.A.to B.of C.by D.for ① It’s important for us _______(learn)English well.②It’s hard for us ____________(finish)this task in two days.()③ It’s very nice ____ you to help me a lot.A.for B.of C.in D.on()④ –It’s very ___ of you to work out the problem for me.A.kind B.polite C.clever D.easy 43.keep on happening 持續(xù)發(fā)生
【解析】keep on doing 繼續(xù)做某事 keep sb.doing sth 讓某人一直做某事 keep up with 跟上
keep sb.from doing sth阻止某人做某事 keep away from避開 Mr.Li kept _________(work)here for nearly 30 years.二、重點語法 1.情態(tài)動詞should與could的用法 should的用法
should為情態(tài)動詞，表示勸告、建議，意為―應該‖，它和其他情態(tài)動詞一樣，沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化，后接動詞原形，其否定形式為shouldn’t。
Maybe she should say sorry to you.也許她應該跟你說聲對不起。could的用法
情態(tài)動詞could既是can的過去式，表示過去的能力，又可以表示謹慎、客氣的建議，后接動詞原形，其否定形式為couldn’t。
My grandfather could drive well even at the age of eighty.我的祖父甚至到了80歲任然能很好地駕車。
You could go out and buy her some medicine.你可以出去給他買些藥。
()The girl_____ read before she went to school.A.Could B.Couldn’t C.Should D.May 2.狀語從句
狀語從句就是在句子中作狀語的從句。狀語從句有好幾種，如時間狀語從句、原因狀語從句、條件狀語從句、結(jié)果狀語從句、目的狀語從句等。本單元重點講述以下三種類型的狀語從句。
1).until引導的時間狀語從句
until意為―直到；在........之前‖。注意until和not.....until在用法上的區(qū)別。Until：在帶有till或until引導的時間狀語從句里
如果主句用肯定式，其含義是―一直到……時‖，謂語動詞只能用延續(xù)性動詞。如果主句用否定式，其含義是―直到……才……‖, 謂語動詞可用瞬間動詞。
The young man read till the light went out.Let’s wait until the rain stops.We won’t start until Bob come Don’t get off until the bus stops.Continue in this direction until you see a sign.一直朝著這個方向走直到你看見一個指示牌。
I didn’t wake up until I heard the alarm clock.直到聽到鬧鐘的鈴聲我才醒來。2).so that引導的目的狀語從句
so that是連詞，意為―為的是，以便‖，引導目的狀語從句。注意so that, in order that和in order to在用法上的區(qū)別。
Let me take down your telephone number so that I can call you later.讓我記下你的號碼，為的是以后好打電話給你。3).although引導的狀語從句
although的用法意思相當于though（盡管，雖然），用來引導讓步狀語從句。它所引導的從句不能與并列連詞but，and，so等連用，但可以和yet，still等詞連用。
① Although the book was old, we decided to buy it.盡管這本書很舊，我們還是決定買。② Although he was tired, he went on working.Although he had only entered the contest for fun, he won first prize.盡管他參加這次競賽只不過是鬧著玩而已，卻贏得了頭等獎。
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