第一篇:八年級(jí)下冊(cè)英語第十單元知識(shí)點(diǎn)整理
八年級(jí)下冊(cè)英語第十單元知識(shí)點(diǎn)整理
一,重點(diǎn)詞組
1.look like 看起來像?
2.by noon 到中午為止
3.on the weekend 在周末
4.look through 瀏覽
5.wait in line 排隊(duì)等候
6.a ball game fan 球迷
7.have a wonderful time 過得愉快
8.on Saturday night 在周六晚上
9.thank you so much for ? 為?而非常感謝你
10.be friendly to 對(duì)?友好
11.feel like 感覺像?
12.part of ?的一部分
13.have a hard time doing? 做?時(shí)很費(fèi)勁
14.come along 出現(xiàn),發(fā)生
15.enjoy doing 享受做?的樂趣
16.be good at ? 擅長(zhǎng)于?
17.help sb.with sth.幫助某人做某事
help sb.(to)do sth.18.a lot easier 容易的多
19.get along 相處
20.be careful to do sth.小心去做某事
21.at least 至少
22.at this time 此時(shí)
二,交際用語
1.It's a nice day, isn't it? 今天是個(gè)好天氣,不是嗎?
Yes, it is.是。
2.You're Ben's sister, aren't you? 你是本的姐姐/妹妹,對(duì)嗎?
Yes, I am.是的,我是。
3.You love violin music, don't you? 你喜歡小提琴樂曲,對(duì)嗎?
Yes, I do.是的,我喜歡。
三,重點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)釋義
1.I hope so.我希望如此。此處so 是副詞,意為“如此”“如是”.如
-Our team will win.我們隊(duì)會(huì)贏的。
-I hope so.我希望如此。
2.by 不遲于;在什么??之前
Do you think it'll stop by noon? 你認(rèn)為中午之前雨會(huì)停嗎?
3.I hope the bus comes soon.我希望汽車快點(diǎn)兒來。
在hope的賓語從句中,既可以用一般將來時(shí)表示將來時(shí)間,也可以用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來時(shí)間,如本句。
4.look through 瀏覽;翻閱;看一遍
Look through this plan for me, and tell me what you think of it.替我看一遍這項(xiàng)計(jì)劃,并把你的想法告訴我。
5.Sometimes it isn't easy being the new kid at school.有時(shí)在學(xué)校里做個(gè)新生可真不容易。
it代表動(dòng)名詞表示的主語,如本句。
6.come along 表示“出現(xiàn)”“來到”或“發(fā)生”,如:
Take any opportunity that comes along.抓住每一個(gè)出現(xiàn)的機(jī)會(huì)。
7.be friendly to sb.對(duì)某人友好或?qū)δ橙擞焉疲?/p>
He's not very friendly to newcomers.他對(duì)新來的人不太友善。
8.He sure is 他的確是?
(1)這里sure是副詞,意為“確實(shí)地”.如:
It sure was very cold.天確實(shí)很冷。
(2)sure主要作形容詞用。如:
Are you sure of your facts? 你確信你說的都是真的嗎?
9.To have successful small talk, both people need to ask questions.要想使聊天順利進(jìn)行,兩個(gè)人都需要提出問題。
(1)both在這里作形容詞用,意為“兩個(gè)?都?”,如:
I saw him on both occasions.在那兩個(gè)場(chǎng)合我都見過他。
both經(jīng)常用作代詞。如: Both of us want to go to the park.我們兩個(gè)夠想去公園。
(2)need在這里作實(shí)意動(dòng)詞用,意為“需要??”,后面常跟名詞或不定式。如:
Do you need any help? 你需要什么幫助?
need 也可做情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,但一般只用在否定句中。如:
You needn't wash these dishes.這些盤子你不用洗。
10.alone意為“單獨(dú)、獨(dú)自”相當(dāng)于by himself.如:
We're alone on this island.這個(gè)島上就我們這些人。
She always goes home alone.她總是一個(gè)人回家。
11.alone/lonely
lonely為形容詞,意為“孤獨(dú)的,荒涼的”,而alone既可以用作形容詞也可以作副詞用,表示客觀上無人陪伴。如:
He lives in a lonely place alone.他獨(dú)自住在荒郊野外。
He was alone, but he didn't feel lonely.他雖獨(dú)自一人,但并不感到寂寞。
12.wait to do sth.等候做某事,can't wait to do sth.等不及做某事。如:
The reporters are waiting at the airport to welcome the hero back.記者門在機(jī)場(chǎng)等候歡迎英雄凱旋。
The children can't wait to open the presents in the stockings.孩子門迫不及待的要打開襪子里的禮物。
13.辨析 cross, crossing和across
(1)cross n.十字形,十字記號(hào) vt.穿過,越過,橫過
(2)crossing n.十字路口,交叉點(diǎn)
(3)across prep.穿過;橫穿 例:
14.cost 意為“值”“花費(fèi)”,通常以物作主語,即:某物花(某人)多少錢。如:
That house cost him 3000 000.那所房子花了他30萬。
It costs them 10 000 a year to run a car.使用一部小汽車每年花他們一萬。
15.I feel like part of the group now.我感覺像這個(gè)群體的一部分了。
feel like.“感覺像?” 后面跟名詞或動(dòng)名詞。如:
I feel like flying.我感覺像在飛。
She feels like dreaming.她感覺像在做夢(mèng)。
四,語法知識(shí)
1.反意疑問句由兩部分組成,前面是陳述句,后面是簡(jiǎn)短問句。如果前面是肯定句,后面一般是否定問句,如果前面是否定句,則后面多是肯定句。
2.反意疑問句使用中應(yīng)注意:
除There be句型外,疑問部分的主語必須是與陳述部分的主語在人稱數(shù)性方面保持一致的人稱代詞。
There be句型的疑問部分的主語用there.There is going to be a class meeting on Friday afternoon, isn't there?
當(dāng)陳述部分的主語是everyone, someone, anyone, no one等不定代詞時(shí),其疑問部分的主語可用he, 也可用they.Everyone knows his job, doesn't he?
如果陳述部分的謂語動(dòng)詞帶有助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,疑問部分則使用相同的助詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。
You can swim, can't you?
如果陳述部分的謂語動(dòng)詞是系動(dòng)詞Be,則疑問部分也用系動(dòng)詞。
Beijing is a beautiful city, isn't it?
如果陳述部分的謂語動(dòng)詞既不是系動(dòng)詞Be,也不帶助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí),疑問部分要用do.Your father likes playing basketball, doesn't he?
Will you? Won't you? Would you? Can you? Can't you? Could you? 用于祈使句后的疑問部分。用Won't表示“邀請(qǐng),”will, would, can, 和 can't 表示“請(qǐng)求”.否定的祈使句后只能用will you.Try the new dress on, will you?
注:祈使句Let's?后,用shall we,let us?后用will you.Let's go home, shall we?
第二篇:八年級(jí)英語下冊(cè)第十單元閱讀教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)
Hometown Feelings 閱讀課教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)
一、教學(xué)內(nèi)容分析
本課的教學(xué)內(nèi)容是人教八年級(jí)英語下冊(cè)第十單元Section B 2a—2c部分。教材以思鄉(xiāng)為話題,安排一篇反映中國(guó)進(jìn)城務(wù)工農(nóng)民工對(duì)于故鄉(xiāng)的思念以及家鄉(xiāng)變化的一些看法。內(nèi)容貼近生活實(shí)際,難易適中。課文很多語句和本單元重點(diǎn)語言結(jié)構(gòu)相吻合,讓學(xué)生在閱讀中體會(huì)新的語言結(jié)構(gòu)的應(yīng)用,做到學(xué)有所用,有的放矢。
二、教學(xué)重難點(diǎn)
1、進(jìn)一步復(fù)習(xí)和鞏固現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的用法Ⅲ,即表示動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的持續(xù)。
2、學(xué)習(xí)課文的重點(diǎn)句式短語。
3、培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的閱讀習(xí)慣,提高英語閱讀理解能力。
三、教學(xué)過程
Questions before reading: 1.What’s the meaning of hometown? Hometown is a place where you were born and grow up.2.Do you live in your hometown now? 3.If you leave your hometown for a long time, will you miss it? 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)用法(3)
表示過去開始,一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。常和for+時(shí)間段;since+時(shí)間點(diǎn)連用,句中動(dòng)詞要用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。試翻譯下列句子:
1、我們?cè)谶@所學(xué)校學(xué)習(xí)兩年多了。
____________________________________
2、自從出生以來,他一直住在農(nóng)村。____________________________________
3、這本書你借了多久了?
____________________________________
4、我大約一個(gè)月沒有買過水果了。
____________________________________
5、電影開始半個(gè)多小時(shí)了。
____________________________________ 自讀課文,找出下列短語。
一年一到兩次,__________________ 如今;__________________ 離開農(nóng)村;__________________找工作;__________________ 帶著極大的興趣關(guān)注著;__________________ 學(xué)習(xí)讀書數(shù)數(shù);__________________自從20世紀(jì)中期;__________________ 保持原樣;__________________ 在學(xué)校對(duì)面;__________________ 尤其在暑假;__________________ 很多柔和甜美的記憶__________________ 課文內(nèi)容回顧
leave hometown 1.Why do millions of Chinese leave their hometown every year? 2.where does Zhong Wei live now? 3.How often did he use to return home? 4.How long hasn’t he been back home?
changes of their hometowns 1.Many people find:____________________________________________ 2.What has changed about Zhong Wei’s hometown? some things will never change about hometown 1.What hasn’t changed in Zhong Wei’s hometown? 2.What will never change in everyone’s hometown? __________, millions of Chinese people leave their _______ to work in the ________.They usually _________to their hometowns ________________.Zhong Wei hasn’t been back for almost _________.He has been working in a ________ factory in Wen zhou for __________________.People like him are ________in how their hometowns have changed.Large hospitals and new roads have _________.In many places, the government has also buit _________ and sent __________from the cities to help.Zhong Wei thinks such developments are________, because things need to change in order to become better.But he also thinks some things will never _________.For example,there was a big old tree _____________.It is still there, and has become ______________.Our hometown has left many _______________________in everyone’s heart.學(xué)生小組合作完成2b—2c部分
四、教學(xué)反思:
英語閱讀教學(xué)是英語課堂上很重要的教學(xué)環(huán)節(jié)。對(duì)于教材設(shè)置的長(zhǎng)篇課文,教師要巧妙的安排教學(xué)步驟,由簡(jiǎn)入繁,循序漸進(jìn),要充分調(diào)動(dòng)學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)興趣,通過多種語言活動(dòng),讓學(xué)生積極參與,樂于學(xué)習(xí)。本課的教學(xué)活動(dòng)重點(diǎn)有三部分,第一是復(fù)習(xí)鞏固單元新的語言結(jié)構(gòu),為理解課文重點(diǎn)句做好鋪墊。第二是學(xué)習(xí)掌握課文中出現(xiàn)的新的生詞短語。第三是閱讀理解訓(xùn)練,通過回答問題,課文復(fù)述填空理解課文內(nèi)容。本課課堂教學(xué)采用小組合作學(xué)習(xí)方法,結(jié)合課堂導(dǎo)學(xué)案,充分發(fā)揮學(xué)生主體,教師主導(dǎo)的課堂教學(xué)模式,全面調(diào)動(dòng)學(xué)生的積極性,讓他們主動(dòng)參與多種課堂教學(xué)活動(dòng)。
第三篇:新目標(biāo)八年級(jí)英語下冊(cè)第十單元教案
3eud教育網(wǎng) http://004km.cnedy(喜劇片)thriller(恐怖片)
weather(天氣)
great(棒的)
party(宴會(huì))
cafeteria(自助食堂)
hot(熱的)cold(冷的)
train(火車)bus(公共汽車)
tennis(網(wǎng)球)violin(小提琴)
3.重點(diǎn)短語Key phrases small talk
on the weekend
opening question have a good day look through come along 3eud教育網(wǎng) http://004km.cnes soon.Is it very crowded? Thanks for showing me the school last week.五.重點(diǎn)、難點(diǎn)分析:
(一)反意疑問句
反意疑問句是初中階段英語教學(xué)的重點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn),而這部分內(nèi)容在教材中又比較分散,有必要把分散的知識(shí)集中起來串講,分塊復(fù)習(xí),各個(gè)擊破以提高綜合運(yùn)用能力與應(yīng)試能力。
(1)反意疑問句要點(diǎn)簡(jiǎn)述
Yes, it does.No, it isn’t.Yes, I do.No, it doesn’t.3eud教育網(wǎng) http://www.3edu.net 教學(xué)資源集散地??赡苁亲畲蟮拿赓M(fèi)教育資源網(wǎng)!3eud教育網(wǎng) http://www.3edu.net 百萬教學(xué)資源,完全免費(fèi),無須注冊(cè),天天更新!
反意疑問句又叫附加疑問句,是在陳述句后,對(duì)陳述句所敘述的事實(shí)提出的疑問。其基本結(jié)構(gòu)有兩種:一是“肯定陳述句+簡(jiǎn)略否定問句”;二是“否定陳述句+簡(jiǎn)略肯定問句”。反意疑問句的前后兩部分在時(shí)態(tài)、人稱和數(shù)上都要保持一致。如:
It looks like rain, doesn’t it?
He doesn’t need to work so late, does he?
(2)學(xué)習(xí)反意疑問句,特別要注意的問題
1.陳述部分的主語是this, that時(shí),疑問部分的主語多用it;陳述部分的主語是these, those時(shí),疑問部分的主語多用they。如:
This is a dictionary, isn’t it?
Those are shelves, aren’t they?
2.陳述句如果是there be結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí),疑問句部分仍用there。如:
There once was a man named Saint Nicholas, wasn’t there? 3.在英語口語中,“I am +表語結(jié)構(gòu)”,后面的反意疑問句多用aren’t I 來體現(xiàn)。如:
I am very interested in learning English, aren’t I?
4.陳述句的主語是動(dòng)詞不定式,動(dòng)詞的-ing形式或從句時(shí),疑問部分的主語多用it來體現(xiàn)。如:
Taking care of our environment is very important, isn’t it?
What he said is right, isn’t it?
5.陳述句中含有not, no, hardly, neither, never, few, little, too ?to等否定詞或具有否定意義的詞時(shí),疑問部分常用肯定形式。如: Few people knew the news, did they? Tom has never been to England, has he? 3eud教育網(wǎng) http://www.3edu.net 教學(xué)資源集散地??赡苁亲畲蟮拿赓M(fèi)教育資源網(wǎng)!3eud教育網(wǎng) http://www.3edu.net 百萬教學(xué)資源,完全免費(fèi),無須注冊(cè),天天更新!
但陳述句中如果帶有否定意義的前綴和后綴的單詞時(shí),整個(gè)句子仍視為肯定句,反意疑問部分多用否定形式。如:
She is unhappy, isn’t she?
6.陳述句的主語是nobody, no one, everyone, somebody等不定代詞時(shí),反意疑問部分的主語多用they(當(dāng)強(qiáng)調(diào)全體時(shí))或he(當(dāng)強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)體時(shí))。如果陳述句的主語是something, nothing, anything, everything等不定代詞時(shí),反意疑問部分的主語多用it。如: No one knows him, do they? Someone is waiting for you, isn’t he?
Nobody says a word about the accident, do they? Everything seems all right, doesn’t it?
7.陳述句是主從復(fù)合句時(shí),如果主句的謂語動(dòng)詞是think, believe, expect, feel, guess等詞,且主語是第一人稱I時(shí),反意疑問部分的人稱、時(shí)態(tài)與賓語從句保持一致,同時(shí)還要考慮到否定的轉(zhuǎn)移。如:
I believe that the boy can get a ticket for you, can’t he?
(二)重點(diǎn)、難點(diǎn)句子
1.P76 It’s a nice day, isn’t it? 天氣不錯(cuò),不是嗎?
這是一個(gè)反意疑問句,表示提出情況或看法,問對(duì)方同不同意。這種問句都由兩部分組成,前一部分用陳述句的形式,后一部分是一個(gè)附著在前一部分上的簡(jiǎn)短問句。如前一部分為肯定形式,后一部分通常用否定形式,而且后一部分的主謂與前一部分的主謂要保持人稱及助動(dòng)詞等方面的一致。這種疑問句的回答要根據(jù)事實(shí),肯定的用“Yes, ?”。否定的用“No, ?”。前后要一致。如:
He is a teacher, isn’t he?
他是一位老師,不是嗎?
Your mother goes to work every day, doesn’t she?
你媽媽每天上班,不是嗎?
She didn’t go to school, did she?
3eud教育網(wǎng) http://www.3edu.net 教學(xué)資源集散地??赡苁亲畲蟮拿赓M(fèi)教育資源網(wǎng)!3eud教育網(wǎng) http://www.3edu.net 百萬教學(xué)資源,完全免費(fèi),無須注冊(cè),天天更新!
她沒上學(xué),是嗎?
You won’t be away for long, will you?
你不會(huì)離開太久,是吧?
2.P 76 1a Do you sometimes talk with people you don’t know?
你有時(shí)跟你不熟悉的人談話嗎?
句中you don’t know作定語修飾people。talk with意為“與??交談”,與talk to(與??說話)沒太大的區(qū)別。而talk about 意為“談?wù)??內(nèi)容”。如:
He’s talking with my father.他正和我父親談話。
What are you talking about? 你們?cè)谡勈裁矗?/p>
3.P 76 1a-He’s really good, isn’t he?
他真的很棒,不是嗎?
-He sure is.他確實(shí)很棒。
上句中really為副詞修飾形容詞good?;卮鸱匆庖蓡柧涑38鶕?jù)事實(shí)回答,下句正式回答應(yīng)為Yes, he is.但在口語中或非正式場(chǎng)合可用He sure is 表示“他確實(shí)很棒”。sure在句中作副詞,表示“確實(shí)地,事實(shí)上”。又如:
-She’s really kind, isn’t she?
她真的熱心腸,不是嗎?
-She sure is.她確實(shí)如此。
4.P 77 2b It always rains on the weekend, doesn’t it?
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在周末總下雨,是不是?
句中on the weekend 意為“在周末”。表示在具體的某一天,常用介詞on。如:
They met on a warm day.他們?cè)谝粋€(gè)暖和日子相會(huì)。
Tom wants to buy a new house on the weekend.湯姆想在周末買幢新房子。
5.P 78 3b Two people looking through books in a bookstore.兩個(gè)人在書店里看書。
句中l(wèi)ook through意為“瀏覽,仔細(xì)檢查,粗略看一遍”。又如:
Before you answer these questions, you’d better look through them first.在你回答這些問題之前,你最好先把它們?yōu)g覽一下。
I must look through these bills and check them before I pay them.我必須在付款前檢查和核對(duì)一下這些帳單。6.P78 3b Two people alone in an elevator.只有兩個(gè)人在電梯里。
句中alone是形容詞,意為“單獨(dú)的”。作定語時(shí),放在所修飾的名詞后面,alone = by oneself。如:
He will be remembered for that one book alone.僅僅那一本書就可以使他留名于世了。She finished writing that book alone.她獨(dú)自一個(gè)人寫完那本書。
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注意:表示“孤獨(dú)的、獨(dú)自一人的”則用另一個(gè)形容詞lonely, 它與alone不同的是該詞帶有感情色彩,有寂寞、孤獨(dú)之意。如: I feel lonely among strangers.在陌生人中我感到孤獨(dú)。
She lives in a lonely mountain village.她生活在一個(gè)偏僻的山村。
7.P 79 1a How much did that shirt cost? 那件襯衣多少錢?
句中cost作動(dòng)詞,意為“花費(fèi)”,與pay, take, spend同義,但用法不同,其句型為“某物+cost +人+時(shí)間/金錢”。試比較下列句子: The book cost me five dollars.這本書花了我5美元。
It took me five dollars to buy the book.買這本書花了我5美元。
I spent five dollars on the book.我花5美元買這本書。
注意:四個(gè)表示“花費(fèi)”的動(dòng)詞,其句式各不相同,小結(jié)為:
(1)sth cost sb money某物花某人金錢
(2)It takes sb money to do sth 花某人金錢做某事
(3)sb pay money for sth 某人為某物花金錢
(4)sb spend money on sth 某人在某物上花錢 8.P 80 3a I feel like part of the group new.我感覺像是他們中的一員了。
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在這一句中,feel表示“感覺到”,而like意為“像”。feel like作為一個(gè)短語,意為“欲,想要”。其后常接名詞或動(dòng)名詞作賓語。如:
We’ll go for a walk if you feel like it.如果你愿意,我們?nèi)ド⑸⒉健?/p>
I don’t feel like eating anything.我不想吃任何東西。
9.P 80 3a Friends like you make it a lot easier to get along in a new place.有像你這樣的一些朋友,使我在新的地方很快就適應(yīng)了。
動(dòng)詞短語get along意為“和睦相處,相處融洽”。get along還可用來表示“某方面的進(jìn)展如何”。比較句子: He gets along well with his boss.他和他的上司相處甚好。
How is he getting along with his French? 他的法語學(xué)習(xí)的情況如何?
10.Yes, at least it isn’t raining.對(duì),至少現(xiàn)在沒有下雨。
句中at least意為“至少”。least為little的最高級(jí)。又如: It will cost at least five pounds.它至少值五英鎊。
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第四篇:英語八年級(jí)下冊(cè)第三單元知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)
Unit 3.Could you please clean your room?
一、短語動(dòng)詞
1、take out 帶出去;取出;拔出;除掉 動(dòng)副詞組
代詞作賓語時(shí)必須放在兩詞之間。
2、come over 固定短語
過來,順便來訪,拜訪。后面加介詞to,后接表示地點(diǎn)的名詞作賓語。拓展:take out of 把---從---取出/帶出
3、hang →hung→hung
hang out 閑逛;溜達(dá)。
4、throw down扔下;隨手丟下
其中throw可用作及物或不及物動(dòng)詞,意為扔,擲→threw→thrown 拓展:throw at向----扔去(帶有攻擊性)throw to 扔給---(不含惡意)throw away扔掉 SectionB
1、take care of 照顧;照料。相當(dāng)于 look after后可接名詞、(反身)代詞作賓語。Take good care of相當(dāng)于look after well
2、二、動(dòng)詞用法
1、finish 及物動(dòng)詞 完成后跟名詞、代詞或動(dòng)詞ing形式作賓語。拓展:與finish一樣用法的動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞短語有:enjoy/look forward to/mind/have fun/practice/be busy/consider/feel like/give up
2、pass用作及物動(dòng)詞
給;遞; pass sb sth =pass sth to sb把某物遞給某人。
走過、通過(考試等)
作不及物動(dòng)詞,(時(shí)間)過去,流逝
3、borrow sth from sb向某人借某物。
非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞
Lend(lent;lent)sb sth=lend sth to sb借給某人某物。非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞
Keep 由“保存”引申為“借”,延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞,可與時(shí)間段連用。四川-----Excuse me,can I_____your pen?-----sorry,I have_____it to Bob.A.borrow;lend B.borrow;borrowed C.lend;borrowed D.lend;lent
4、hate及物動(dòng)詞
厭惡;討厭,表示一種感情或心理狀態(tài),不能用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。
Hate sb/sth不喜歡某人或某物
Hate to do/doing sth 厭惡做某事(某一次或經(jīng)常性的)相當(dāng)于like的用法。
SectionB
1、invite及物動(dòng)詞
邀請(qǐng)
名詞invitation 邀請(qǐng);請(qǐng)?zhí)?/p>
Invite sb to +地點(diǎn)名詞。邀請(qǐng)某人到某地。
Invite sb to do sth 邀請(qǐng)某人做某事。
2、make sb do sth 讓某人做某事。
3、動(dòng)詞辨析:
單詞
主語
常用結(jié)構(gòu)
含義 Spend(spent)
人
sb spend time/money on sth
Sb spend time/money doing sth Pay(paid)
人
sb pay money for sth Cost(cost)
物
sth cost sb some money Take(took)
it作形式主語 it takes sb some time to do sth 四川:-----I_________a lot of time palying computer games everyday.----oh,boy.it’s bad for your eyes.A.spend B.takes C.pay
4、provide sth for sb =provide sb with sth給某人提供某物
Offer sb sth =offer sth to sb主動(dòng)給某人提供某物
Offer to do sth 主動(dòng)提出做某事。
5、depend on依靠;依賴 independent獨(dú)立的 independence獨(dú)立性
6、develop作及物動(dòng)詞或不及物動(dòng)詞
發(fā)展;壯大。Development發(fā)展。
Developed/developing 前者是發(fā)達(dá)的后者是發(fā)展中的。
7、Have no idea 相當(dāng)于don't know
不知道、drop(dropped)→dropping
(1)drop意為“丟失或落下”時(shí),既可以作及物動(dòng)詞,也可以作不及物動(dòng)詞。如:
She was scared and dropped the cup.她嚇壞了,丟落了茶杯。
The glass dropped from her hand.玻璃從她的手中掉了下來。
(2)drop作動(dòng)詞還有“(價(jià)格)下降;放棄”的意思,如:
The price of the rice has dropped.大米的價(jià)格已經(jīng)降下來了。
Don't drop math.別放棄數(shù)學(xué)。
(3)drop也可作名詞,表示“滴”,如:
A drop of rain fell on my face.一滴雨落在我的臉上。
(4)drop還可指“下跌;落下的距離”,如:
There was a sudden drop in the temperature yesterday.昨天氣溫大幅下降。
拓展:drop behind 落后 drop in/by偶然拜訪
eye drops 眼藥水 a drop in the ocean滄海一粟
Drop out of school輟學(xué)
三、名詞
1、rubbish 不可數(shù)名詞
垃圾,廢棄物
2、mess名詞
雜亂;不整潔。常用短語:in a mess 亂七八糟
3、chores
家務(wù)
可數(shù)名詞
Housework(homework)家務(wù)
不可數(shù)名詞 SectionB
1、stress不可數(shù)名詞,精神壓力;心理負(fù)擔(dān)。
Under the stress of 在---壓力之下。
2、waste 名詞
浪費(fèi)
a waste of time 浪費(fèi)時(shí)間
不可數(shù)名詞
廢物;垃圾;浪費(fèi)
作形容詞
無用的;廢棄的;丟棄的。
作及物動(dòng)詞
浪費(fèi)
四、形容詞
五、副詞
SectionB
1、anyway 副詞
而且;加之。
The coat is too expensive and anyway I don’t like the color.還可意為“不管怎樣,無論如何,即使這樣。
Anyway ,it’s worth trying.The water was cold but he took a shower anyway.六、介詞短語
1、in front of在---面前;是指在一定范圍外。
in the front of 在----前部,是指在一定范圍內(nèi)。廣東中考----why are you standing,Alice?-----I can’t see the blackboard clearly.two tall boys are sitting_________me.A.behind B.next to C.between D.in front of
2、in surprise 驚訝地;驚奇地,常用作狀語。
拓展:to one’s surprise 使某人吃驚的是,常放在句首,作狀語。
sectionB
1、in order to目的是;為了 后接動(dòng)詞原形,引導(dǎo)目的狀語。位置可放在句首,也可放在句中。否定為:in order not to do.In order that 后面接從句,表示目的,從句中常含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。廣東:in order _______for the meeting,my sister forced herself to get up early this morning.A.not to be late B.not being late C.to be late D.being late
3、as a result 結(jié)果;因此
拓展:as a result of 由于----;作為------的結(jié)果。
七、連詞
1、the minute意為“一----就----”引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句,其后省略了引導(dǎo)詞that相當(dāng)于the moment或as soon as(通常情況下主從句時(shí)態(tài)要一致。但若主句用一般將來時(shí),從句則要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來。)哈爾濱:boys and girls,calm down and focus on the test paper____you begin to think about the answers.Be confident.you can do it.A.as if B.as soon as C.although
2、?when是at or during the time that, 既指時(shí)間點(diǎn),也可指一段時(shí)間; while是during the time that,只指一段時(shí)間,因此when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句中的動(dòng)詞可以是終止性動(dòng)詞,也可以是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞,而while從句中的動(dòng)詞必須是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。
②when 說明從句的動(dòng)作和主句的動(dòng)作可以是同時(shí),也可以是先后發(fā)生;while 則強(qiáng)調(diào)主句的動(dòng)作在從句動(dòng)作的發(fā)生的過程中或主從句兩個(gè)動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生。
③由when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句,主句用過去進(jìn)行時(shí),從句應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí);如果從句和主句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生,兩句都用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的時(shí)候,多用while引導(dǎo),如: a.When the teacher came in, we were talking.當(dāng)此句改變主從句的位置時(shí),則為:
While we were talking, the teacher came in.b.They were singing while we were dancing.SectionB
1、since 由于;因?yàn)?;既然,引?dǎo)原因狀語從句,通常放在句首。
還可引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句,自---以來。一般用在完成時(shí)當(dāng)中。
八、特殊句型
1、as---as---與---一樣,用于同級(jí)比較。第一個(gè)as為副詞,后跟形容詞或副詞的原級(jí);第二個(gè)為連詞,引導(dǎo)比較狀語從句。
否定形式:not as/so---as---,不如----
2、neither+連系動(dòng)詞be/助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+主語
----也不。
這是一個(gè)倒裝句,表示上句否定的情況也同樣適合后者。
So+連系動(dòng)詞be/助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+主語
----也是。
這是一個(gè)倒裝句,表示上句肯定的情況也同樣適合后者。
拓展:neither+主語+連系動(dòng)詞be/助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞
----的確不是這樣。(表示說話者同意上文中說話者的否定觀點(diǎn)。)
So+主語+連系動(dòng)詞be/助動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞
-----的確是這樣。
表示說話者同意上述說話者說出的觀點(diǎn)。
福建----last night I didn't watch the TV show。A Bite of China 2
-----_______did I.I was preparing for today’s test then.A.So B.Either C.Neither SectionB
1、do one’s part in(doing)sth 盡某人的職責(zé)做某事。
2、The+比較級(jí),the+比較級(jí)
表示越----,就越-----
比較級(jí)+比較級(jí)
表示越來越------貴州:__________children there are in a family,________their life will be.A.the less;the better B.The fewer;the better C.Fewer;richer D.More;poorer
九、語法專項(xiàng) 1.can 的用法:
(1).表示能力、許可、可能性。表示能力時(shí)一般譯為“能、會(huì)”,即有種能力,尤其是生來具備的能力,此時(shí)may 和must 均不可代替它。如:She can swim fast, but I can’t.她能游得很快,但我不能。I can see with my eyes.我用眼睛看。
(2).表示許可,常在口語中。如:You can use my dictionary.你可以用我的字典。
(3).表示推測(cè),意為“可能”,常用于否定句和疑問句中,此時(shí)can’t 譯為“ 不可能”?!狢an it be our teacher?那個(gè)人有可能是我們老師嗎?—No, it can’t be our teacher.He is on a visit to the Great Wall.不可能。咱們老師正在游覽長(zhǎng)城呢。2.could的用法:
(1).can的過去式,意為“ 能、會(huì)”,表示過去的能力。如:He could write poems when he was 10.他十歲時(shí)就會(huì)寫詩(shī)。
(2).could在疑問句中,表示委婉的語氣,此時(shí) could 沒有過去式的意思。如:Could you do me a favour? 你能幫我個(gè)忙嗎?—Could I use your pen? 我能用一下你的鋼筆嗎? —Yes, you can.可以。(注意回答)
?—________ you pass me a pen? I’d like to write down the phone number.—Sure.Here it is.A.Can B.Need C.Might D.Must ?The man in the office___be Mr.Black, because he went home just now.A.mustn’t B.may not C.can’t D.needn’t —___ I take the newspaper away? —No, you mustn't.You____read it only here.A.Must;can B.May;can C.Need;must D.Must;must
第五篇:八年級(jí)英語下冊(cè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)(1-3單元)
八年級(jí)英語下冊(cè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)(1-3單元)
Unit 1 What’s the matter?
一、基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)
1.What’ s the matter? 怎么啦?出什么事情了?
【解析】matter/ ' m?t?(r))/n.問題;事情
What’ s the matter with you?= What’s the trouble with you? = What’ s wrong with you? 你怎么了?
【注】: matter 和trouble 為名詞,其前可加the 或形容詞性物主代詞,wrong 是adj.不能加the
【用法】用于詢問某人有什么病或某人遇到什么麻煩、問題其后跟詢問對(duì)象時(shí),與介詞with連用。即:
What’s the matter with sb.? = What’s your trouble? = What’s up? = What happens to sb.?
— What’s the matter with you ? — I have a bad cold.2.I had a cold.我感冒了。have a cold=catch a cold=have the flu感冒
have a fever 發(fā)燒 have a cough咳嗽 have a stomachache胃疼,肚子疼 have a toothache牙疼 have a headache頭疼
3.身體部位+ache(疼痛)構(gòu)成新的復(fù)合詞
stomach+ache=stomachache head+ache=headache tooth+ache=toothache back+ache=backache后背痛
4.much too+ 形容詞,意為 太......,too much+名詞,意為 很多,大量。
5.enough【形容、副詞】足夠的/地,enough放在名前后,形副后。good enough足夠好,enough money=much money
6.lie down躺下,lie 躺,躺著,過去式lay;lie說謊,過去式lied
7.maybe “或許”,常用于句首,表示可能性,后加句子。Maybe you are right.may be,是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+be的結(jié)構(gòu),意為“可能,也許”,后加名詞、代詞或形容詞。He may be angry.sound like+名詞代詞和從句:It sounds like you don’t know the truth.It sounds like a good idea.sound+形容詞,“聽起來,好像”,The music sounds nice.9.need 需要,實(shí)義動(dòng)詞need+名詞,需要某物;
need to do sth.需要做某事,主語通常是人,表示人主動(dòng)的動(dòng)作:You need to listen carefully during class.need doing sth.主語通常是物,表示被動(dòng)的動(dòng)作:Your dirty clothes need washing.10.get off(the bus)下(公交車)get on 上車
11.agree 同意,贊同;
agree with sth.同意某事 如:I agree with that idea.agree to sb.同意某人的意見 如:I agree to LiLei.12.trouble問題,麻煩;be in trouble遇到麻煩,make trouble 制造麻煩,have trouble(in)doing sth.=have difficulties(in)doing sth做......有麻煩。
13.right away=right now=at once,意為 馬上。
14.advice [不可數(shù)名詞]勸告,建議,向…征求意見,give sb.advice on sth.就某事給某人建議;advise [動(dòng)詞] advise sb.to do sth.建議某人做某事
advise sb.doing sth.【復(fù)習(xí)】exercise 練習(xí)、鍛煉
當(dāng)exercise意為“練習(xí)”時(shí),為可數(shù)名詞 即可加s
當(dāng)exercise意為“鍛煉”時(shí),為不可數(shù)名詞 即不加s
16.hurt 及物動(dòng)詞,使……疼痛,……受傷,He hurt his leg while exercising.不及物動(dòng)詞,……(部位)疼。His leg hurt badly.clean 【動(dòng)詞】打掃,clean the classroom打掃教室,【形容詞】 干凈的,cleaner意為 清潔工。
18.hit(用手或器具)打;擊打 The boy hit the dog with a stone.hit sb.on the head/ nose/ back打某人的頭、鼻子、后背,on用在所打較硬的部位;
hit sb.in the face/ eye/ stomach 打某人的臉、眼睛、肚子,in用在所打較軟的部位。
be used to sth./ doing sth.習(xí)慣于、適應(yīng)了……、做某事,強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài);His grandpa was used to country life.Mary is not used to getting up early in the morning.get/ become used to sth./ doing sth.“變得習(xí)慣,逐漸適應(yīng)……”強(qiáng)調(diào)過程、動(dòng)作:
It’s difficult for one to get used to another country’s habit.20.【復(fù)習(xí)】free [形容詞]空閑的free time;免費(fèi)的the drink is for free;自由的I want to become a free bird.free【動(dòng)詞】使……解脫,得到自由:He could not free his arm.run out用完,用盡 When his water run out, he knew that he would have to do something to save his own life.物sth.run out.某物用盡了。
人sb.run out of sth.人用盡了某物。He run out of all his money last night.22.risk(sb.)to do sth.冒險(xiǎn)去做某事 take a risk=take risks 冒險(xiǎn)
23.the importance of(doing)sth.(做)某事的重要性
We students should know the importance of(learning)English.importance n.重要(性),important adj.重要的,unimportant adj.不重要的 decision 【名詞】決定;抉擇;make a decision 做決定;
make a decision to do sth.= decide to do sth.。
25.be in the control of …掌管,管理 The headmaster is in the control of this new school.be out of control無法控制,無法管理 be under control被控制住,在控制之中
26.【復(fù)習(xí)】mind意為 介意,mind doing sth.介意做某事 ,Would you mind my opening the window?
27.give up(doing)sth.放棄(做)某事,give up(playing)computer games;
give up后可接名詞、代詞和動(dòng)詞ing形式,也可不接,如: Never give up easily.二、重點(diǎn)語法
【反身代詞】英語中共有八個(gè)反身代詞,在使用時(shí)應(yīng)注意和它所指的相應(yīng)的對(duì)象在人稱、性別、數(shù)上保持一致。
數(shù) 人稱 第一人稱 第二人稱 第三人稱
單數(shù) myself yourself himself herself itself
復(fù)數(shù) ourselves yourselves themselves
【用法】
1.可用作賓語,指的是賓語和主語表示同一個(gè)或同一些的人或事物。
如:Maria bought herself a scarf.We must look after ourselves very well.2.可用作表語,指的是表語和主語表示同一個(gè)或同一些人或事物。如: She isn’t quite herself today.3.可用作主語或賓語的同位語,常用來加強(qiáng)語氣。
如:She herself will fly to London tomorrow.I met the writer himself last week.4.用在某些固定短語當(dāng)中。
look after oneself / take care of oneself 照顧自己 teach oneself sth./ learn sth.by oneself自學(xué)
enjoy oneself 玩得高興,過得愉快
help oneself to sth 請(qǐng)自用……(隨便吃/喝些……).hurt oneself摔傷自己
say to oneself自言自語
leave sb.by oneself把某人單獨(dú)留下
buy oneself sth.給自己買……東西
introduce oneself 介紹……自己
【提醒】
1.反身代詞不能單獨(dú)做主語,但可以做主語的同位語,起強(qiáng)調(diào)作用。如:我自己能完成作業(yè)。
(誤)Myself can finish my homework.(正)I myself can finish my homework./ I can finish my homework myself.2.反身代詞表示“某人自己”不能表示“某人的東西”,因?yàn)樗鼪]有所有格的形式。表達(dá)“某人自己的(東西)”時(shí),須要用one’s own.如:我用我自己的蠟筆畫畫。(誤)I’m drawing with myself crayons.(正)I’m drawing with my own crayons.Unit 2 I’ll help to clean up the city parks
一、基本知識(shí)點(diǎn)
1.sick 生病的,有病的;可在句中作表語Mary could not come because she is sick.也可作定語a sick child
【區(qū)別ill】ill與sick同義;但是只在句中做表語,不做定語。Mary could not come because she is ill.2.cheer(sb.)up(讓某人)變得高興;振奮起來The good news cheered up everyone in our class.3.give out分發(fā);散發(fā),相當(dāng)于hand out,The teacher is giving out/ handing out the test papers.give sth.out to sb.意為 把某物分發(fā)給某人。
4.volunteer 【名詞】志愿者 【動(dòng)詞】義務(wù)做,自愿做(某事)volunteer to do sth.自愿做某事,The girls could volunteer in an after-school study program.5.used to do sth.過去/曾經(jīng)(常)做某事,表示過去的習(xí)慣、動(dòng)作或狀態(tài),并強(qiáng)調(diào)現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不再存在或發(fā)生。
There used to be a cinema here.這里曾有一個(gè)照相機(jī)。
They told me stories about the past and how things used to be.他們告訴我關(guān)于這里過去的故事。
6.alone 【形容詞】獨(dú)自一人的,無感情色彩:The musician enjoyed living alone and writing songs himself.lonely(感到)孤獨(dú)寂寞的,帶有很強(qiáng)的感情色彩,可做表語或定語。The lonely boy is not lonely now.7.care for sb./sth.照顧;照料……
care 【名詞】小心,關(guān)心take care of=look after →【動(dòng)詞】care about sb./sth.關(guān)心,在意某人/事
→【形容詞】careful 仔細(xì)的 / careless 粗心的 →【副詞】carefully 仔細(xì)地
8.such “這樣的,這種,如此”,用于修飾名詞
such+ a/ an+形容詞+單數(shù)名詞:such a good day 多么美好的一天 /such an exciting match 多么 精彩的比賽
such+形容詞+復(fù)數(shù)名詞/不可數(shù)名詞:such important decisions 多么重要的建議 such delicious food 多么美味的食物
如果名詞前被many, much, few, little修飾時(shí),只能用so,而不用such:so many sick children/ so little time
9.try out for…參加…選拔,爭(zhēng)取成為…Thirty football players tried out for the Best Player of the year.try out試用,試驗(yàn)
10.journey 【名詞】(尤指長(zhǎng)途)旅行,行程;trip【名詞】多指短途旅行;
travel【名詞、動(dòng)詞】travel around the world →【名詞】traveler旅行者
11.【復(fù)習(xí)】be busy with sth.忙于(做)什么事情 be busy doing sth.忙于(做)什么事情
12.【復(fù)習(xí)】try doing sth.試著去做某事 try to do sth.盡力去做某事 try one’s best(to do sth.)盡某人最大的努力去做某事
13.【復(fù)習(xí)】be worried about sb./ sth.= worry about sb./ sth.擔(dān)心某人、某事
14.raise money集資,籌錢;raise money for…為……籌錢
raise【動(dòng)詞】舉起;提高;募集
15.keep【動(dòng)詞】keep+名詞,保留(某物);keep+形容詞,保持
16.【形容詞】broken破損的,出毛病的;blind瞎的,失明的;deaf聾的;disabled有殘疾的,喪失能力的;在句中做定語和表語。
make it possible(for sb.)to do sth.使(某人)做某事成為可能,You helped to make it possible for me to have Lucky.make it +形容詞(+for sb.)to do sth.使(某人)做某事成為…;
think/find it +形容詞to do sth.18.make a difference to…對(duì)……有影響;對(duì)……有作用,difference前可以用no, any, some, much等修飾,如
The rain made no difference to the game.Hard-working makes much difference to study.19.difficulty【可數(shù)/不可數(shù)】表示抽象意義的“困難”時(shí)為不可數(shù);表示具體的“難題、難事”時(shí)為可數(shù);
have difficulty(in)doing sth.= have trouble(in)doing sth.做某事有困難
20.train【動(dòng)詞】訓(xùn)練,trained為過去分詞,可做定語,意為“受過訓(xùn)練的”a trained dog
21.be excited about sth.對(duì)某事感到興奮,Everyone is excited about the good news.【復(fù)習(xí)】excited意為 興奮的,修飾人;exciting意為 令人興奮/激動(dòng)的,修飾物。
22.order【名詞】命令,指示;順序,次序【動(dòng)詞】訂購(gòu);點(diǎn)(菜)follow the order。
23.change【動(dòng)詞】變化,改變It’s hard for a person to change his life(style).【名詞】變化;零錢
change A for B用A換成B:When you travel in China, remember to change US dollars for RMB.repair 【動(dòng)詞】修理,修補(bǔ);fix【動(dòng)詞】安裝;使固定 【fix up修理=repair】
Unit3 Could you please clean your room?
Peter ,could you please take out the trash? 彼得,你能把垃圾倒了嗎?
Could you please do sth ?請(qǐng)你(做)......好嗎? 用于提出請(qǐng)求,希望得到對(duì)方的肯定回答,說話的語氣比較客氣委婉。
Could 不是can的過去式,是委婉、禮貌的說法。回答用can.【常用答語】肯定回答:Sure./ Of course./ Certainly./No problem.否定回答: Sorry , I can’t2、take out 取出(v+ adv)
【注】: 跟代詞做賓語,代詞放中間;跟名詞做賓語,可放在中間,也可放在后邊
His teeth hurt badly.The dentist take them out.【短語】take out the trash 倒垃圾 take a walk 散步 take away 拿走,取走
take back 收回 take place 發(fā)生 take off 脫下;起飛
3.Can you do the dishes.?那你可以洗盤子嗎?
do the dishes 洗碗
【結(jié)構(gòu)1】do the +名詞: do the dishes/ laundry 洗餐具/衣服
【結(jié)構(gòu)2】do the +動(dòng)詞-ing do the cleaning 打掃衛(wèi)生
【結(jié)構(gòu)3】do one’s + 名詞 do one’s housework/ homework 做家務(wù)/家庭作業(yè)
【結(jié)構(gòu)4】do some +動(dòng)詞-ing do some reading/ shopping 讀寫書/購(gòu)物
Could I at least finish watching this show? 至少讓我看完這個(gè)節(jié)目可以嗎?
1】Could I do a sth? 我可以做......嗎?
用于表達(dá)請(qǐng)求,語氣比較委婉。Could I go out with my classmate this weekend?
2】at least 至少,多指數(shù)量或程度上的最低限度。(反)at most 至少,不超過
Now all of us exercise at least an hour a day and outside school.3】finish v 結(jié)束;完成 finish doing sth 做完某事
— Can you finish __reading__ these books before 10 o'clock? — Yes, I can.5、I think two hours of TV is enough for you!我覺得你看兩個(gè)小時(shí)的電視已經(jīng)足夠了。
1】two hours of TV 表示時(shí)間、距離、金額、度量等詞語作主語時(shí),通常被視作整體,謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。
How time is flies!Three years __is_____(be)really a short time.足夠的,充分的(在句中作定語或表語)
【解析2】enough I don’t have enough money with me.足夠;充分(放在形容詞;副詞后)The river is deep enough for swimming.【記】 Mr.Smith has enough money ,but he isn’t kind enough to help others.【注意】enough 修飾名詞時(shí),置于名詞前;修飾形容詞時(shí),置于形容詞之后。
6、Could you take out the rubbish,fold the clothes and do the dishes?
你能把垃圾倒了。把衣服疊好,再把碗洗了嗎?
【解析】take out 拿出;取出
take 的用法:
Please take some books to the classroom.Take this medicine three times a day.take
They usually take the bus to work.It takes me two hours to do my homework every day.【拓展】take 構(gòu)成的短語:
take a walk 去散步 take a rest 休息 take care of 照顧 take off 脫下;起飛 take up 占據(jù) take down 拿下 take one’s time 不急;慢慢來 take one’s temperature 量體溫
7.The minute I sat down in front of the TV, my mom came over.我剛坐在電視機(jī)前面,我媽媽就過來了。
【解析1】the minute = as soon as “一......就......” Please write to me the minute you get there.【解析2】 in front of
指在物體外部的前面
There is a bike in front of the classroom.【辨析】
指在物體內(nèi)部的前面
Our teacher is standing in the front of the classroom
【記】 The driver sat _____in the front of___________ the car.The policeman stood ___in front of________ the car.【注意】有the無the區(qū)別大:
at table 吃飯;進(jìn)餐 in hospital 住院
at the tabel 在桌邊 in the hospital 在醫(yī)院(不一定看病)
【解析3】come over 過來
【拓展】 come 短語:
come across(偶然)發(fā)現(xiàn) come back 回來 come up with想出
come true實(shí)現(xiàn) come down下來 come from=be from來自,出生于
come in/into進(jìn)入,進(jìn)來 come on趕快,加油 come along走吧,過來,快點(diǎn)
come and go來來去去 come up上來 come out出來,(花)開,(照片)沖洗出來
7.You watch TV all the time and never help out around the house!你總是看電視,從不幫忙做家務(wù)!
all the time = always 一直;總是
8.I’m just as tired as you are!我和你一樣累!【解析】as...as...和......一樣......9.For one week , she did not do any housework and neither did I.一周的時(shí)間,她不做任何家務(wù),我也不做。
【解析】neither +助動(dòng)詞/系動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 +主語 “某人(主語)也不”
⑴ neither兩者都不
neither …nor… 既不…也不…,連接兩個(gè)詞做主語,謂語動(dòng)詞由后一個(gè)主語確定Neither Tom nor Jim is a student
⑵ 表達(dá)“…也不……” 則用 “Neither /Nor + be / V助 / V情 + 主”
—The first one wasn’t bad.— Neither was the second.10.The next day , my mom came home from work to find the house clean and tidy.第二天,媽媽下班回到家后發(fā)現(xiàn)房間很干凈、整潔。
【解析】find +賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語
【注】find → found →found v尋找
(1)find sb.doing sth 發(fā)現(xiàn)某人做某事
(2)find it + adj.+ to do sth 發(fā)現(xiàn)做某事很……
◆find it difficult/ hard to do sth 發(fā)現(xiàn)做某事很困難 She found _it__ hard to finish the work by herself.11.She asked in surprise.她吃驚地問道。
【解析】in surprise 驚奇地;吃驚地
surprise v 使吃驚→surprising adj.令人吃驚的 →surprised adj.吃驚的
to one’s surprise 使某人吃驚的是 in surprise 吃驚地 be surprised at 對(duì)……感到吃驚
To my surprise_(使我吃驚的是),he got the first prize in the exam.12.“ I’m do sorry, Mom.I finish understand that we need to share the housework to have a clean and comfortable home.” I replied.“對(duì)不起,媽媽。我終于理解為了擁有一個(gè)干凈、舒適的家我們需要共同來分擔(dān)家務(wù)?!?我回答說。
【解析1】need v 需要
用于肯定句,是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞。
(1)人做主語,sb.need to do sth 某人需要做某事
(2)物做主語,sth need doing sth= sth need to be done
①Students need ___to have_______(have)a good rest in studying.②The watch needs__mending___(mend).用于否定句或疑問句,是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞
(1)needn’t = don’t have to 沒有必要
(2)need ,must 引導(dǎo)的一般疑問句,肯定會(huì)的用must,否定回答用needn’t
— Must I go there now? — Yes,you must/No, you needn’t
【解析2】share 分享;共用 share sth 分享或共用某物 share sth with sb.與某人分享某物
(All his friends __Shared___ his happiness when he won the match.13.Could I hang out with my friends after the movie? 看完電影后我能和朋友們一起閑逛嗎?
【解析】hang out 閑逛 hang up 把......懸掛/掛起
14.Could you please pass me the salt?你能把鹽遞給我嗎?
【解析】pass ⑴v 給;遞;走過;通過 pass sb.sth 把某物遞給某 Pass on 傳遞
Please pass the paper on to the other students.⑵ v 通過;路過 I pass your home.⑶ v 通過(考試);及格 Tom can pass his math exam.15.Could I borrow that book?我能借下你那本書看嗎、Could you lend me some money?你能借我一些錢嗎?
【解析】borrow /lend/keep
(1)borrow 借入 ,與from 連用,尤指主語“【借進(jìn)來”】
borrow sth from sb.從某人那里借某物 You can borrow the book from the library.(2)lend 借出 ,與to 搭配 【指借出去】
lend sb sth=lend sth to sb 把某物借給某人He doesn’t want to lend his book to others.(3)keep 保留,保存(延續(xù)動(dòng)詞,可以與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語連用)【指借一段時(shí)間】
【記】 I want to __borrow__ a bike from my friend but he didn’t _lend___ it to me,because Tom had _kept____ it for two days.16.I cut my finger and I’m trying not to get it wet.我的手指割傷了,傷口不能弄濕。
【解析】try(not)to do sth努力(不)做某事。
try v 試圖,設(shè)法,努力
【拓展】(1)try on 試穿
(2)try to do sth 努力做某事 【側(cè)重盡力做】
(3)try doing sth 試圖做某事 【側(cè)重嘗試做】
(4)try one’s best to do sth= do one’s best to do sth 盡某人最大努力做某事
17.I hate to do chores.我討厭做家務(wù)。
hate to do sth 討厭做某事, 表示某次具體行為或動(dòng)作。I hate to trouble him.hate doing sth不愿意做某事 表示經(jīng)?;蛄?xí)慣性行為或動(dòng)作。She hates smoking in her room.18.Could I ask you to help me with some chores then?
那我能請(qǐng)求你幫我做些雜活嗎?
【解析】ask sb.to do sth 要求某人做某事。
ask for 請(qǐng)求,要某物
ask sb.about sth 向某人詢問關(guān)于某事
(1)ask sb.for help 向某人請(qǐng)求幫助
(2)ask sb.(not)to do sth請(qǐng)求某人做某事
ask構(gòu)成的短語:
短語 含義
ask sb.to do sth 請(qǐng)某人做某事
ask sb.not to do sth 不讓某人做某事
ask sb for sth 向某人要某物
ask for help 尋求幫助
19.I’ll finish my homework while you help me with the dishes.當(dāng)你幫我洗盤子的時(shí)候,我將完成我的家庭作業(yè)。
【解析1】finish doing sth 完成某事
— Can you finish _reading__ these books before 10 o’clock? — Yes, I can.【解析2】while conj.“在……期間;當(dāng)……的時(shí)候”
While 引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句的謂語動(dòng)詞只能是延續(xù)動(dòng)詞。
_While __ the children have fun, parents can take dance lessons on the beach.【解析3】help sb.with sth.在某事上幫助某人。
【注】help v 幫助 → helpful adj.有幫助的
(1)help sb.do sth.=help sb.with sth.幫助某人做某事
(2)with the help of sb.=with one’s help在某人的幫助之下
(3)without the help of 沒有在…的幫助之下
①I think reading is very __helpful____(help).② __Without____ your help, we couldn’t catch the thief.20.Could I invite my friends to a party? 我能邀請(qǐng)我的朋友們來聚會(huì)嗎?
【解析】invite sb.to Sp.邀請(qǐng)某人去某地
【解析】invite v → invitation n邀請(qǐng)
(1)invite sb.to do sth 邀請(qǐng)某人做某事
(2)invite sb.to +地點(diǎn) 邀請(qǐng)某人去某地
21.I don’t understand why some parents make their kids help with housework and chores at home.我不理解為什么有些父母在家讓孩子們幫忙做家務(wù)和雜務(wù)。
【解析】make sb.do sth 讓某人做某事
make → made →made v.做,制作,使得
(1)make sb/sth + 形容詞 “讓某人或某物…” make you happy
(2)make sb/sth do sth 使某人做某事 make me laugh.Colors can change our moods and make us _feel__ happy or sad, energetic or sleep.22.They don’t have time to study and do housework,too.他們也沒有時(shí)間來學(xué)習(xí)家務(wù)和做家務(wù)。
【解析】have time to do sth.有時(shí)間做某事
have time =be free 有空
23.Housework is a waste of their time.做家務(wù)是在浪費(fèi)他們的時(shí)間。
【解析】a waste of 浪費(fèi) a waste of time 浪費(fèi)時(shí)間 a waste of money 浪費(fèi)金錢
waste v “浪費(fèi)”
waste time/money on sth waste time / money(in)doing sth 在做某事上花費(fèi)時(shí)間/金錢
Don’t ____waste______water.Can’t you see the sign “save water”?
24.They should spend their time on schoolwork in order to get good grades and
get into a good university.為了取得好成績(jī)并考上一所好大學(xué),他們應(yīng)該把時(shí)間用在學(xué)習(xí)上。
【解析1】spend...on sth 在某事上花費(fèi)......spend/pay/cost/take 花費(fèi)
(1)spend→spent→spent v 花費(fèi),主語是人
◆ sb.+ spend +時(shí)間/錢+on sth ◆sb.+spend +時(shí)間/錢+(in)doing sth
◆spend on= pay for 支付
He spends too much time on the computer games.Remember to spend some time _with_ your loved ones, because they’re not going to be around forever.My father __spent___ one hundred thousand yuan on his new car.(2)pay →paid →paid v 支付,主語是人
◆sb.+ pay + 錢+for sth I pay 10 yuan for the book.— How much did you __pay__ for this computer? — Five hundred dollars.(3)cost→ cost→ cost v 花費(fèi),主語是某物或某事
◆sth cost sb.+錢 某物花費(fèi)某人多少錢
A new computer costs me a lot of money.I bought a new sweater last weekend.It ___cost_ me 120 yuan.(4)take→took → taken v 花費(fèi)
◆It takes /took sb.some time to do sth.做某事花費(fèi)某人多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間
It takes him 3 hours to do his homework.【解析2】in order to “目的是;為了” 后接動(dòng)詞原形。in order to do sth 為了做某事
He ran quickly in order not __to be___ late for the meeting.【解析3】get into =enter 進(jìn)入
【拓展】與get相關(guān)的短語:
get up 起床 get back 返回 get over 克服
get dressed穿衣 get into進(jìn)入 get/be lost丟失 get off/on下/上車
get on well with sb.與某人相處得好 get out of從…出來 get warm 變曖
get ready for +n.為…做準(zhǔn)備 get ready to do sth.準(zhǔn)備做某事
get well康復(fù) get a chance 有機(jī)會(huì)、得到機(jī)會(huì)
get/go to sleep(fall asleep)入睡 相關(guān):(be asleep睡著)
25.Also,when they get older, they will have to do housrwork so there’s no need for them to do it now.而且,當(dāng)他們長(zhǎng)大的時(shí)候,他們也將會(huì)做家務(wù),因此,他們沒必要現(xiàn)在在做。
【解析】get older 長(zhǎng)大
get/ become/ go辨析:
⑴ get+adj較多地與形容詞比較級(jí)連用。The days are getting longer and longer.⑵ become 強(qiáng)調(diào)變化的結(jié)果 It's becoming colder and colder.⑶go+adj.''表示令人不快的事情 go bad變壞,go blind變瞎,go hungry挨餓
26.It is the parents’ job to provide a clean and comfortable environment at home for their children.在家為孩子們提供一個(gè)干凈、舒適的環(huán)境是父母的義務(wù)。
【解析】provide sth.for sb.為某人提供某物
provide v 提供
provide sb.with sth.(sb 前介詞用for)=provide sth for sb.(sth 前需加介詞with)供應(yīng)某人某物
相當(dāng)于:offer sb.sth.= offer sth to sb.provide 為應(yīng)急等做好準(zhǔn)備而“提供;供給” provide sb.with sth.=provide sth for sb.提供某人某物
offer 側(cè)重表示“愿意給予” offer sb.sth.= offer sth to sb.對(duì)某人提供某物 offer to do sth 主動(dòng)提出干某事
supply 定期“供應(yīng)” , 強(qiáng)調(diào)替代或補(bǔ)充所需物品 Supply sb.with sth=supply sth.to sb.為某人提供某物
①The Internet provides us _with__a lot of _information___we need.② —Could you please provide us _with___ some information about the students’ health? — Of course, it’s my pleasure.27.And anyway, I think doing chores is not so difficult.無論如何,我認(rèn)為做家務(wù)并不那么難。
【解析】anyway 無論如何,(一般放在句首,用逗號(hào)和句子隔開)
28.I think it is important for children to learn how to do chores and help their parents with housework.我認(rèn)為對(duì)孩子們來說,學(xué)習(xí)如何做雜務(wù)并幫助他們的父母做家務(wù)是很重要的。
【解析】It is important for sb.to do sth.對(duì)某人來說做某事是重要的
29.Children these days depend on their parents too much.現(xiàn)在的孩子太依賴他們的父母。
【解析】depend on 依靠;信賴
—— Shall we go for a picnic tomorrow? —— Well, it all ___depends on____ the weather.30....Everyone should do their part in keeping it clean and tidy.每個(gè)人都有責(zé)任保持家里的干凈和整潔。
【解析1】 do one’s part 盡職責(zé);盡本分 Do one’s part in doing sth 在做某事上盡職責(zé)
【解析2】keep +sth /sb.+adj.“使......處于某種狀態(tài)”
Her mother asked her to keep the windows __open__ and the door __closed__.keep 系動(dòng)詞 “保持” keep + adj.We must keep healthy.實(shí)義動(dòng)詞 “保持;繼續(xù)”
(1)keep(on)doing sth 繼續(xù)做某事 He was in great pain but he kept on working
He kept on __ talking__ after the ball rang for class.(2)keep sb.Doing sth 讓某人一直做某事 I’m sorry to have kept you waiting for so long.My teacher kept me __doing___ homework all the afternoon.31.Doing chores helps to develop children’s independence and teaches them how to look after themselves.做雜務(wù)不僅可以培養(yǎng)孩子們的獨(dú)立性還可以教 他們?nèi)绾握疹欁约骸?/p>
【解析】develop independence 培養(yǎng)獨(dú)立意識(shí)
develop v→development n 發(fā)展→developing adj.發(fā)展的→developed adj.發(fā)達(dá)的 a developing country 一個(gè)發(fā)展中國(guó)家a developed country 一個(gè)發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家 China is a __developing___country.32.Since they live in one house with their parents, they should know that everyone should do their part in keeping it clean and tidy.既然他們和父母同住在一個(gè)房子里,他們應(yīng)該知道保持家里干凈、整潔每個(gè)人都應(yīng)該參與。
【解析】since conj.既然(表示對(duì)方已知的事實(shí)或理由,常放在句首)
.—You have been in Neijiang very long? —Yeah.__Since___my parents came here.33.Our neighbor’s son got into a good college but during his first year, he had n idea how to take care of himself.我們鄰居的兒子上一所好大學(xué),但是在第一年的時(shí)候,他還不知道如何照顧自己。
take care of 照顧Thanks for your invitation, but I’m so sorry I can’t go.I need to ___take care of___ my baby at home.【拓展】與take相關(guān)的短語:
take photos/pictures 照像 take away拿走 take out取出(work out算出)take care當(dāng)心 take a walk散步
take medicine服藥 take place發(fā)生take one’s temperature量體溫 take one’s time別著急
34.As a result , he often fell ill and his grades dropped.結(jié)果,他常常生病,功課也落下了。
【解析1】as a result 結(jié)果(插入語,放在句首,用逗號(hào)隔開)
Don’t ask him too late into the night, __As a result___ , he is only a small child.【解析2】fall ill 生病 fall asleep 入睡
35.The earlier kids learn to be independent , the better it is for their future.孩子們?cè)皆鐚W(xué)會(huì)獨(dú)立,對(duì)他們的未來越好。
【解析】the + 比較級(jí),the + 比較級(jí) “越......越......”
The more you smile, the ___ happier____ you will feel.