第一篇：2015-2016新版仁愛英語九年級unit3 topic3知識點(diǎn)總結(jié)歸納與當(dāng)堂練習(xí)
Unit 3 Topic 3 Could you give us some advice on how to learn English
學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)：
1.學(xué)習(xí)what+to do 用法
2.討論英語學(xué)習(xí)中的困難與解決辦法
重點(diǎn)詞匯：
1.How nice to see you back 看到你回來真高興。
2.許多的名勝古跡 many places of interest 3.玩的愉快 enjoy oneself
4.使你自己被聽得懂 make yourself understood 5.陷入困境/遇到麻煩
get into trouble
6.說得太快
speak too quickly 7.許多不同的口音
many different accents 8.和某人進(jìn)行長對話
have long conversation with sb 9.work hard at...在..方面努力，致力于
10.口頭英語
oral English 11.不敢做某事 dare not do sth
12.在公共場合 in public 13.感覺困倦 fell sleepy
14.害怕/不敢(做)某事
be afraid of(doing)sth 15.期末考試 the final exam
16.remember new words 記住新單詞 17.似乎/好像 it seems that+句子
18.取得一些進(jìn)步 make some progress 19.一整個星期 a whole week
20.有時候 at times 21.想要做某事 feel like doing sth
22.放棄 give up 23.使某人泄氣
discourage sb
24.向某人求助 ask sb for help 25.擅長于做(某)事 be good at(doing)sth
26.take sth with sb 隨身攜帶某物 27.用引語寫日記 keep a diary in English
【知識梳理】 在文中劃出下面的句子并分析
1.Could you make yourself understood in the USA? 調(diào)撥： make oneself understood 意為______, understood 為過去分詞作____補(bǔ)。
考題鏈接：
I find it difficult to make yourself_______.A.understand B.understood C.understanding D.understands
2.I know oral English is very important, but I dare not speak English in public.譯：___________________________________________________________ 點(diǎn)撥：oral English = spoken English---英語口語 點(diǎn)撥：dare 1）情態(tài)動詞“敢于”后接動詞原形，否定形式：dare not ；疑問形式：Dare 提到主語前 2）實(shí)義動詞“敢于”---dare to do sth., 有動詞的各種形式。單三______現(xiàn)分_____過去式及過分_____ 考題鏈接：
(1)As a little girl, she____go out by herself at night.A.dares not B.doesn’t dare to C.dare not to D.dares not to
(2)“How dare you ______ to me like that?” he shouted A.to speak B.speaking C.spoken D.speak
3.And I always feel sleepy in English Classes.點(diǎn)撥：feel sleepy意為 感到困倦 sleepy 為形容詞，作feel 的表語 sleepy(adj)困的，欲睡的，懶散的。動詞形式為 sleep asleep（adj）熟睡的，睡著的
sleepless(adj)失眠的，不眠的 sleep v/n 睡 sleeper(n)睡得很沉的人
注意：asleep，sleepy 區(qū)別：
（1）二者都是形容詞性，都能作表語。常見短語：
fall asleep 入睡 be asleep 睡著的。feel sleepy 昏昏欲睡 be sleepy要睡的（2）sleepy除作表語外，還可作定語修飾名詞，但asleep不能作定語，只能作表語。sleepy 還有“寧靜的”“不活躍的”之意 如： a sleepy country life 恬靜的鄉(xiāng)村生活 如：a___________ student 一個困倦的學(xué)生
a___________ little town 一個寧靜的小城
考題鏈接：
Jane felt_______ this morning in class because he didn’t fall_____ last night.A.sleepy, asleep B.asleep;sleepy C.sleep;asleep D.sleepy;sleeping
3.I’ve worked hard at it for a whole week, but it seems that I haven’t made any progress.譯：___________________________________ 點(diǎn)撥: work hard at sth.努力學(xué)習(xí)?
鏈接：hard work---____________;hard-working---________(復(fù)合形容詞，作定語)點(diǎn)撥: It seems that + 從句 = sb./ sth.seems to do sth.?似乎，好像?
點(diǎn)撥：make progress 取得進(jìn)展，而“在某方面取得進(jìn)展”應(yīng)說成make progress with..4.I don’t know what to do.譯:___________________ 點(diǎn)撥: what to do是“疑問詞+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)，在句中作___語 鏈接：疑問詞+不定式結(jié)構(gòu)在句中還可以作主語，賓語，表語等。拓展：此結(jié)構(gòu)有時可以轉(zhuǎn)化成賓語從句。
如：I don’t know what to do.= I don’t know what I should do.考題鏈接：
（）I don’t know.A.what to do it B.how to do it C.how to do D.what should I do
5.At times I feel like giving up.譯：________________________________ 點(diǎn)撥：at times = sometimes=once in a while---有時
拓展：sometime---_____all the time---______ in time---_____ on time______ feel like doing sth.---想要做某事
同義表達(dá)法：want ___ ___sth.;would like___ __ sth.另外feel like 還可以表示“感覺起來像”。e.g I feel like a fool.我感覺自己像個傻瓜
give up---放棄(動詞+副詞結(jié)構(gòu)),如果賓語是人稱代詞，則需放在give up中間，give it/them up 用法：give sthup---放棄某事 give up doing sth.---放棄做某事 考題鏈接：
1.The people in Hongkong have met lots of difficulties,but they haven’t_____ hope.A.picked up B.given up C.looked for D.waited for
2.I’m hungry.I feel like_______ something.A.to eat B.eat C.ate D.eating
語法講解：
I don’t know what to do.點(diǎn)撥: what to do是“疑問詞+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)，在句中作_________語 鏈接：疑問詞+不定式結(jié)構(gòu)在句中還可以作主語，賓語，表語等。練習(xí)：1.When to start hasn’t been decided.2.The question is where to get enough money.3 Could you give us some advice on how to learn English well? 拓展：此結(jié)構(gòu)有時可以轉(zhuǎn)化成賓語從句。
如：I don’t know what to do.= I don’t know what I should do.練習(xí)：1.I can’t decide where I shall find a pen pal.= I can’t decide ________ ____ _______ a pen pal.2.She didn’t know what she would say.= She didn’t know ________ ______ _______.3.I don’t know how I can get to the park.= I don’t know _______ _____ _______ _____the park.考題鏈接：
()---This physics problem is too difficult.Can you show me________, Li Lin?---Of course.A.What to work it out B.what to work out it C.how to work it out D.how to work out it
()He is wondering_________ the concert.A.goes to B.to go to C.when to go to D.when goes to
()---Are you going to buy a camera?---Yes, but they are so many kinds that I can’t decide_____ to buy.A.what B.which C.how D.where
當(dāng)堂訓(xùn)練 1..The old fisherman felt like __ a big boat very much.A．to get B.get C.getting
D.got 2.Mr.Wang didn’t tell me the time he arrived , so I don’t know ______ to meet him.A.where
B.when C.why
D who 3.I don’t do well in ＿＿ English words.I must learn how to______.A.spelling;keep a diary B.Spell;learn grammar C.spelt;listen to the tape D.spelling;recite the words
4.— ______he ____ with foreigners in English ? —Yes ,he dare.A.Dare;communicate B.Are;to communicate C.Does;dare communicate D.Is;dare communicate
用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。
He felt_________(sleep)in the English class because he went to bed late last night.2.I am afraid of ________(stay)in a dark place.3.—Tom is good at __________(speak)English —So he is.4.He has been to many places of________(interesting).5.I can’t follow you.Can you speak more_________(slow)?
Fill in the blanks.1.Mr.Smith ____________（曾經(jīng)去過）China several times and he has visited many_________________（名勝）.2.----_______（吸煙）is bad for your health.----Yes, and I’ll try my best to ______________（戒除它）.3.Oh, My God!I failed the driving test again.Can you tell me _____________(該怎么辦）.4.I ________________（害怕知道）the result of the exam.5.I’m thirsty, and I ____________（想喝）a cup of tea.6.After following Miss Wang’s advice, I ________________（取得很大的進(jìn)步）in oral English.Choose the best answer.()7.---Could you please tell me ___ the Christmas tree?---Sure.A.how to decorate B.how decorate C.how to decorating D.how decorating()8.No one can tell me ___ next.A.what to do it B.how do it C.how to do D.what to do()9.Speak louder, or you can’t make yourself ______.A.hear B.hearing C.heard D.to hearing()10.I’m sorry but I ___________ you to tell a lie, or my father will punish me.A.not dare help B.dare not help C.don’t dare help D.dare help not
第二篇：仁愛英語九年級知識點(diǎn)總結(jié)
九年級英語（仁愛版）語言點(diǎn)歸納 Unit 1 The Changing World Topic 1 China has developed rapidly in recent years.1.take place 發(fā)生
eg: Great changes have tanken place in my hometown.2.Though I had no time to travel, I still felt very happy this holiday!盡管我沒時間去旅游，但這個假期我仍然感到很愉快。
though 從屬連詞，用來引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，表“雖然；盡管”，不能與but連用。如：
Though he is poor, he is happy.= He is poor, but he is happy.盡管他很貧窮，但是他很快樂。
3.Could you please tell me something about Chinese teenagers? 請告訴我一些有關(guān)中國青少年的一些事情好嗎？
Could /Would you please(not)do sth？請（不）做某事好嗎？
eg: Could you please turn down your radio? 請把收音機(jī)聲音調(diào)低好嗎？
Would you please not play football here? 請不要在這兒踢球好嗎？
4.Parents couldn’t afford education for their children.父母供不起孩子上學(xué)。
afford 常與can, could 或 be able to 連用，尤其用于否定句或疑問句，表“負(fù)擔(dān)得起（做）某事；抽得出（時間）” “(can’t/ couldn’t)afford(to do)sth.”
eg: We can’t afford(to buy)this house because we don’t have enough money.我們買不這房了，因?yàn)槲覀儧]有足夠的錢。
eg: He felt he couldn’t afford any time to play football.他覺得自己沒有時間踢球了。
5.Our government gives support to poor families.我們的政府能為貧困家庭提供幫助。
give support to sb.= give sb.support 為某人提供幫助/ 支持
support作動詞時表“供養(yǎng)；支持；支撐”，eg: She had to support her family at the age of ten.她十歲時就得養(yǎng)家。
His parents supported him in his decision.他的父母支持他的決定。
The two sticks support the tree.兩根木棍支撐著這棵樹。
6.Why not go and search the Internet for some information? 為什么不上網(wǎng)查找相關(guān)信息呢？
search sp.for sth.搜查某地尋找某物
search sb.for sth.搜身查找某物
search for sth./ sb.= look for sth./ sb.搜尋某物/ 某人；
eg: The villagers searched the woods for the lost children.村民們在樹林里尋找失蹤的孩子們。
The police searched the man for the stolen money.警察搜那個男人的身，查找被偷的錢。
He is searching/ looking for his missing keys.他在尋找他丟的鑰匙。
7.We often went hungry because the boss didn’t give us enough food to eat.我們經(jīng)常挨餓，因?yàn)槔习宀唤o我們足夠的食物。
在這里是系動詞，表“變得?”,后跟形容詞,構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu).eg: The food on the table went bad.桌面上的食物變壞了.8.One part was used to help support my family, to help send my elder brother to school.a)one part?the other(part)?一部分??另一部分??
b)elder brother 哥哥
elder 作形容詞時, 是old的比較級, 一般表示家庭成員出生的順序,在句中只能作定語,可與than連用;而older表年齡的比較,可與 than連用.如:
His elder sister is two older than he.他的姐姐比他大兩歲.作名詞時, 表 “ 長者;前輩;祖先”, 如:
Their customs were handed down by the elders.他們的風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣是由他們的祖先傳下來的.9.But China has developed rapidly in recent years.但是近年來,中國發(fā)展迅速.in recent years 表 “近年來”,常與完成時連用.如:
She has learnt a lot of knowledge in recent years.近年來,她學(xué)到了許多知識.10.China has made such rapid progress.中國已經(jīng)取得如此迅速的進(jìn)步。
progress 為不可數(shù)名詞make progress 取得進(jìn)步
make some/ much/ great progress 取得一些/ 許多/ 巨大的進(jìn)步
11.What has happened to Beijing’s roads now? 現(xiàn)在北京的公路發(fā)生了什么變化？
sth.happen to sb.某人發(fā)生了某事，如：
eg: If anything happens to him, let me know.萬一他有什么不測，就請通知我。
A little accident happened to her yesterday.昨天她發(fā)生了點(diǎn)小意外。
12.They express the rich culture of China as well.他們也表達(dá)了豐富的中國文化。
as well, too, also均表“也；又”； as well 多用于口語，只用于句末，不用逗號隔開；
too 多用于口語，用于句末，要用逗號隔開；
also 較正式，不用于句末；
either 用于否定句，表“也不”，與too 對應(yīng)。
eg: He likes sports as well.= He likes sports, too.= He also likes sports.他也喜歡運(yùn)動。
He didn’t come, either.他也沒來。
13.keep in touch with 和?保持聯(lián)系
eg: Nowadays，we keep in touch with each other by sending e-mails.14.復(fù)習(xí)現(xiàn)在完成時
Topic 2 What has happened to the population? 1.I really hate to go such a place.我真討厭去購物。--So do I.我也是。
So do I.為倒裝句，表示前面提到的肯定情況也同樣適合另外一個主體，表“某某也一樣”，結(jié)構(gòu)為“so + be /情態(tài)動詞/ 助動詞 + 主語”。
eg: Jim is a student, so is Tom.吉姆是一名學(xué)生，湯姆也是。
Jim can swim, so can Tom.吉姆會游泳，湯姆也會。
Jim likes sports, so does Tom.吉姆喜歡運(yùn)動，湯姆也喜歡。
如表前面不怎樣，后面“也不”怎樣時，其結(jié)構(gòu)為“ neither/ nor + be /情態(tài)動詞/ 助動詞 + 主語”。
eg: Jim wasn’t Chinese, neither/ nor were they.吉姆不中國人，他們也不是。
Jim can’t speak Japanese, neither can I.吉姆不會說日語，我也不會。
Jim didn’t go there, neither did I.吉姆沒去那兒，我也沒去。
如前后兩句表達(dá)的是同一個主體，則不能倒裝，表“的確如此”。如：
eg: Jim is a good student.So he is.吉姆是一名好學(xué)生，的確如此。
Jim swims well.So he does.吉姆游泳很好，的確如此。
2．At that time, China was the country with the largest population in the world.那時，中國是世界上人口最多的國家。
population為不可數(shù)名詞，表示人口的多少只能用 “l(fā)arge”或 “small”修飾，提問人口用“what”, 如：
eg: The population of Shanghai is larger than that of Beijing.上海的人口比北京多。
What’s the population of China?= How many people are there in China? 中國的人口有多少？
3.Great changes have taken place in China.中國發(fā)生了巨大變化。
take place 指必然性的“發(fā)生”或有計劃、安排之內(nèi)的“舉行”。如：
eg: The meeting will take place next Friday.會議將在下周五舉行。
happen 指偶然的、沒有預(yù)料的“發(fā)生“，其結(jié)果往往給人帶來不幸或麻煩。如：
eg: The accident happened yesterday.事故發(fā)生在昨天。
※兩者都不用于被動語態(tài)。
4.The population has increased a lot.人口增長發(fā)很多。
increase 可作及物動詞也可作不及物動詞。其含義是“增長，增加，加強(qiáng)”等。
increase by? 指“增加了??”;increase to?指 “增加到??”
5.?and about one fifth of the people in the world live in China.而且世界上大約五分之一的人口生活在中國。
one fifth 是分?jǐn)?shù)表達(dá)法。英文分?jǐn)?shù)表達(dá)法：分子為基數(shù)詞，分母為序數(shù)詞，先讀分子后讀分母。當(dāng)分子大于1時，分母的序數(shù)詞則變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)，直接在詞尾加“s”。eg: one fourth 四分之一； three fourths 四分之三；
one second 二分之一； two thirds 三分之二
注：分?jǐn)?shù)修飾名詞作主語，謂語動詞要和所修飾的名詞保持一致。6．It has worked well in controlling China’s population.它在控制人口數(shù)量方面取得了顯著的功效。
work well in doing sth.表“在??方面很有功效”，eg: Doing eye exercises works well in protecting our eyesight.（視力）做眼保健操在保護(hù)視力方面很有功效。
7.Because of our large population, we are short of energy and water.be short of? 表 “缺乏??”
eg: She is always short of money at the end of every month.每個月底她總是缺錢。
be short for? 表“是??的縮寫”，eg: TV is short for television.TV是television的縮寫形式.8.Can all Chinese families offer their children a good education? 所有的中國家庭都能給他們的的孩子提供良好的教育嗎？
offer 表“（主動）給予，提供”
offer sb.sth.“提供某人某物”如：
I offered him a glass of wine.我敬了他一杯酒。
offer to do sth.“（主動）提出做某事”如：
She offered to cook for her mother.她提出幫她媽媽煮飯。8.be strict with 對?要求嚴(yán)格 eg：Our teachers are strict with us.9.I can’t go shopping in big stores unless I travel for a couple of hours.我得花幾個小時，才能到大的商場購物。
a)unless = if not 表“除非?;如果不”，引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句。
eg: I won’t go unless I hear from you.= I won’t go if I don’t hear from you.如果你不通知我，我就不去。
Unless Bill studies hard, he’ll fail in the exam.如果比爾不努力, 他不會通過考試的.b)a couple of? 表 “幾個人或幾件事”，eg: a couple of years ago 幾年前;a couple of students 幾個學(xué)生
couple 指任何兩件同類的東西;如:
a couple of watches 兩只手表； five couples of cats 五對貓 pair 指兩件不可分開使用的東西,它們可指兩件互不相連的東西(鞋子、襪子等)，也可指兩部分構(gòu)成的一件東西（褲子、剪刀等）。如：
a pair of shoes 一雙鞋子 a pair of pants 一條褲子 10.on / about 關(guān)于
on：關(guān)于（學(xué)術(shù)性較強(qiáng)）eg：He is writing a book on medicine.about：He is telling us a story about heroes.11.take measures 采取措施
Eg: China has take measures to reduce the pollution.四、重點(diǎn)語法
現(xiàn)在完成時常與下列表不明確的狀語連用： 1．a(chǎn)lready 和 yet already “已經(jīng)”（多用于肯定陳述句），如： He has already gone home.他已經(jīng)回家了。yet “已經(jīng);還”（用于否定句或疑問句），如：Have you found him yet? 你已經(jīng)找到他了嗎？ I haven’t finished my homework yet.我還沒完成作業(yè)。
※ already 也可用于疑問句，表“出乎意料或驚奇”
Have you finished your homework already? 難道你已經(jīng)完成作業(yè)了？ 2．ever 和 never ever “曾經(jīng)”（多用于疑問句，問初次經(jīng)歷），如：I have ever been abroad.我曾出過國。never“從未；從來不”（多用于否定陳述句），常回答ever的句型。如： I have never seen him before.--Has he ever been abroad? 他曾出過國嗎？--No, never.不，從來不。3．just
just “剛剛”（多用于肯定句，位于謂語動詞之前），如：I have just tried to call you.我剛剛打電話給你。4．before before “之前”（一般位于句末；常與never呼應(yīng)），如：He says he has never seen such beautiful scenery before.他說他以前從來沒看過這么美的風(fēng)景。Topic 3 The world has changed for the better.1.Well, once they find people in need, they decide on suitable ways to help them.他們一旦發(fā)現(xiàn)有人需要幫助，就選定適當(dāng)?shù)姆绞絹韼椭麄儭?/p>
a)once 是從屬連詞，表“一旦??就??”,它的從句為現(xiàn)在時態(tài)(包括一般現(xiàn)在時、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時、現(xiàn)在完成時)，主句則為一般將來時。或者主從句均為過去的某種時態(tài)。
eg: Once you become interested in playing computer games, you’ll have trouble giving them up.一旦你迷上了電腦游戲，你就很難放棄它。
b)decide on(doing)sth.決定（做）某事，相當(dāng)于 decide to do sth.eg: They decided on spending the holiday in Hainan.他們決定在海南度假。
= They decided to spend the holiday in Hainan.2.The government provides homeless people with nice homes.政府向無家可歸的人們提供舒適的住處。
provide sb.with sth.= provide sth.for sb.提供給某人某物
eg: The school provided the students with food.這所學(xué)校為學(xué)生們提供食物。
= The school provided food for the students.3.I think it’s a wonderful place to live in.我認(rèn)為那是一個居住的好地方。
to live in 是動詞不定式，用來修飾前面的名詞place.在不定式中，如動詞為不及物動詞，或者不定式所修飾的名詞或代詞是不定式動作的地點(diǎn)、工具等，不定式后必須跟上相應(yīng)的介詞。
eg: There is nothing to worry about.沒有什么可擔(dān)心的事。
I need a pen to write with.我需要一只筆寫字。
4.It is famous because it has been so successful in helping homeless people return to normal lives.它很出名是因?yàn)樗呀?jīng)成功地幫助無家可歸的人重新過上正常的生活。
be successful in doing sth.成功地做成某事，相當(dāng)于 succeed in doing sth.如： eg: He was successful in passing the exam.他成功地通過了考試。
They were successful in climbing Mount Huang.他們成功地登上了黃山。
5．In the past sixteen years, Project Hope has raised about 3 billion yuan.在近十六年來，希望工程已籌集了大約30億元。
in the past + 若干時間，表“近若干時間來”，用于現(xiàn)在完成時。
eg: They have learnt about 500 English words in the past two months.近兩個月來，他們已經(jīng)學(xué)習(xí)了大約500個英語單詞。6.復(fù)習(xí)直接引語和間接引語和構(gòu)詞法 Unit 2 Saving the earth Topic 1 I can’t stand the environment here.1.I can’t stand the environment here.我無法容忍這兒的環(huán)境。
stand 表“容忍；忍受”，后接名詞、代詞及動名詞做賓語。
eg: I can’t stand that man, he talks too much.我忍受不了那個人了，他話太多了。
I can’t stand waiting any longer.我再也等不了了。2.What do you mean by sth.?
某物是什么意思呢? = What’s the meaning of sth ? = What does sth.mean?
3.I hope I can move from here soon.我希望我能早點(diǎn)從這兒搬走。當(dāng)主從句主語一致時，?？赊D(zhuǎn)換成不定式短語
= I hope to move from here soon.我希望早點(diǎn)從這兒搬走。
4．There are several chemical factories pouring waste water into the river.有幾座工廠正往河里排放污水。
There be + sb./ sth.+ doing sth.表有某人/ 某物正在做某事。eg: There are some birds singing in the tree.樹上有些鳥兒在歌唱。
There is a little girl crying in the street.街上有個小女孩在哭。5．stop doing sth.停止做（正在進(jìn)行的）事
stop to do sth.停下來去做（另一件）事
eg: It’s late.They will stop working and(stop)to have supper.很遲了。他們將停下來吃晚飯。
The students stopped talking and to listen to the teacher.學(xué)生們停止說話去聽課。6．I’m sorry for making so much noise.很抱歉我弄出這么大的噪音。
be sorry for doing sth.表對做過的事感到抱歉
be sorry to do sth.表對當(dāng)前的事感到抱歉
eg: I’m sorry for waking you up yesterday.很抱歉昨天把你弄醒了。
I’m sorry to trouble you.很抱歉打擾你了。
I’m sorry to hear that.聽到那個（消息）感到很遺憾。
7． Recently it was reported that many teenagers in America can hear no better than 65-year-old people do,?近來據(jù)報道，美國許多青少年的聽力和65歲的老人一樣差。
no better than? 表“同??(幾乎)一樣差;不比??做得好” eg: Lucy did no better than Lily in the exam.露西和莉莉考得幾乎一樣糟.= Lucy almost did as badly as Lily in the exam.8.復(fù)習(xí)現(xiàn)在完成時中延續(xù)性的動作或狀態(tài)和由for / since 引導(dǎo)的一段時間狀語搭配使用。a)“for + 時間段”
與 “since + 時間點(diǎn)”
都表“一段時間”，常用How long 提問。b)如句中含有非延續(xù)性動詞，則改為相應(yīng)的延續(xù)性動詞或狀態(tài)。Topic 2 How does pollution hurt the earth? 1.It says that China has become the world’s largest producer and user of coal.它（文章）寫到中國已經(jīng)成為世界上最大的煤炭生產(chǎn)和消費(fèi)國。
sth.+ says that? 此句型中主語是事或物，say表用“文字、數(shù)字”說明信息。
eg: It says “ Happy New Year!” on the card.卡片上寫著“新年快樂！”。
The clock says that it is 20:00 now.這面鐘顯示現(xiàn)在是20：00。2.As we know, none of us likes pollution.眾所周知，沒有人喜歡污染。
none與no one 的區(qū)別： none “全無”，既可指人也可指物，后常跟of 的短語;作主語時，謂語動詞既可用單數(shù)也可用復(fù)數(shù)；no one只指人，后不能跟of 的短語;作主語時，謂語動詞只用作單數(shù)。
eg: He has read none of these books.（指物）這些書他一本都沒看過。
None of my friends like/ likes drawing.（指人）我的朋友們沒有一個喜歡畫畫。
No one is here.沒有一個在這兒。
none回答how many/ much的問題；no one回答who的問題。如：
A: How many students come to school by taxi? B: None.有多少的學(xué)生搭出租車來上學(xué)？ 沒有人。
A: How much water is there in the bottle? B: None.瓶子里有多少水？ 一點(diǎn)兒也沒有。
A: Who is in the room? B: No one.誰在房中？沒有人。
3.When it rains, the soil will be washed away.下雨時，土壤就會被沖走。
will be +過去分詞為一般將來時的被動語形式。
eg: The earth will be blown away by the wind.泥土將會被風(fēng)刮走。（被動語態(tài)）
= The wind will blow away the earth.風(fēng)將會把泥土刮走。（主動語態(tài)）
5．A lot of rich land has changed into desert, leaving only sand.許多肥沃的土地已經(jīng)變成了沙漠，留下的是遍地黃沙。
a)change? into? = turn? into?
把?..(轉(zhuǎn))變成?
eg: Please change/ turn English into Chinese.請把英語變成漢語。
When the traffic lights change/ turn into green, we can go.當(dāng)交通燈變成綠色時,我們就可以通行。
b)leaving only stand現(xiàn)在分詞短語作狀語, 表伴隨主動。
eg: The children went away, talking and laughing.孩子們說著、笑著離開了。
The girl is looking for her mother, crying loudly.這個女孩大聲地哭著在尋找她的母親。6．Trees can stop the wind from blowing the earth away.They can also prevent the sand from moving toward the rich land.樹可以防風(fēng)固土，也可阻止風(fēng)沙吹進(jìn)良田。stop / prevent sb./sth.(from)doing sth.阻止/ 防止 某人或某物做某事 keep sb./sth.from doing sth.阻止/ 防止 某人或某物做某事
eg: Trees can keep water from running away.樹可以防止水土流失。7.in danger of(doing)sth.處于做某事的危險中
eg: They are in danger of losing their lives.他們正處于失去生命的危險中。8.cut down 砍到 Eg：Many trees are cut down every years 9.You may either take a bus or a taxi.你們可能搭公車去或者是搭出租車去。
a)either?or? “要么?要么?并列連詞,連接主語時,根據(jù)就近原則選取謂語動詞。
eg: You may come either today or tomorrow.你要么今天來，要么明天來。
Either you or he is right.要么你對，要么他對。
b)either 單獨(dú)使用時，是代詞，表“二者之一”既可指人也可指物；用作主語時，謂語動詞用作單數(shù)。如：
A：Ｗo(hù)uld you like coffee or tea? B: Either is OK
你想要咖啡還是茶？隨便都可以。
Either of us is right.我們倆中有一人是對的。Topic 3 Let’s be greener people.1.We should use both sides of paper, and reuse plastic bags rather than throw them away.我們應(yīng)該把紙的兩面都使用，將塑料袋再次使用而不是輕易扔掉。
both 修飾復(fù)數(shù)名詞；而 either 修飾單數(shù)名詞；
eg: There are a lot of trees on both sides of the road.= There are a lot of trees on either side of the road.在路的兩邊有許多樹。2.Everyone is supposed to do it.每個人都應(yīng)該那樣做。
be supposed to do sth.指（按規(guī)定、習(xí)慣、安排等）應(yīng)當(dāng)做某事；相當(dāng)于should;用于否定句時，表“允許”；
eg: Teachers are supposed to/ should know a lot.老師應(yīng)該知道很多。
You are not supposed to smoke here.這里不允許抽煙。
4.First, you ought to turn off the lights when you leave a room.首先，當(dāng)你離開房間的時候，應(yīng)該關(guān)燈。
ought to 情態(tài)動詞, 表 “應(yīng)該;應(yīng)當(dāng)”;語氣比 should 強(qiáng);指道義上應(yīng)該做的事,有時含有責(zé)備或督促的語氣。should 指主觀上感到有責(zé)任或義務(wù)去做。如：
You ought to help your mother do some housework.你應(yīng)該幫你媽媽做些家務(wù)。We should study hard.我們應(yīng)該努力學(xué)習(xí)。其否定式和疑問式：
You oughtn’t to get up so late in the morning.你早晨不應(yīng)該起這么晚。Ought I to tell her the bad news? 我該告訴她壞消息嗎？ Yes, you ought.No, you oughtn’t.Unit 3 English around the world Topic1 English is widely spoken around the world.1.stick v.粘貼，=put up eg: You can stick it on the wall in your room.你可以把它貼在你房間的墻上。2.can't wait to do sth.迫不急待地想要做某事
eg:
I can't wait to fly there!我迫不急待地想要飛往哪里。
又：can't help doing sth.忍不住要做某事，如：I can't help laughing.我忍不住笑了。3.have a good chance to do sth.有個做某事的好機(jī)會
eg: You'll have a good chance to practicing speaking English.你將有一個練習(xí)說英語的好機(jī)會。
4.practice speaking English 練習(xí)說英語。有的動詞后再跟動詞時，后面的動詞要用--ing形式，如：practice, finish, enjoy, meind等等。
5.from now on 從現(xiàn)在起，意思相當(dāng)于later on 后來，過后，將來。eg: Try your best and work much harder(at English)from now on.從現(xiàn)在起，盡你最大的努力更努力(得多)地學(xué)習(xí)(英語)。6.on business 出差
?eg：Mr.Lee is on business in the U.S.A..7.be similar to...與...相似
eg: Is Spanish similar to English? 西班牙語和英語會相似嗎？ 8.It's possible that...有可能...eg: It's possible that you will have some trouble.你有可能會遇到一些困難。9.ask sb.for help 向某人求助，求助于某人。eg: I'll ask an interpreter for help.我將向翻譯求助。10.translate A into B 把A翻譯成B，eg: The interpreter translates English into Chinese.這位翻譯把英語翻譯成中國語。11.in general 一般來說
12.have trouble(in)doing sth.在做某事方面有困難。
eg: In general, he has no trouble understanding people.一般說來，他聽懂別人的說話是沒有困難的。
13.What's more 還有
once in a while 有時，偶爾，相當(dāng)于at times或sometimes 14.whenever = no matter when
topic 2 English is spoken differently indifferent countries。1.follow = understand 聽懂,理解, 明白, eg: I can't follow you.? Can you speak more slowly, please? 2.be the same as?? 與...相同，eg: Is Australian English the same sa British English? 澳大利亞英語和英國英語是相同的嗎? 3.I'm flying to Disneyland tomorrow.? 明天我要飛往迪斯尼樂園.?注: 此句中 am flying是表示一般將來時.???英語中,??“位移動詞”或稱“趨向動詞”?可以用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的結(jié)構(gòu)表示將來發(fā)生的動作, 這類動詞有“l(fā)eave”, “l(fā)eave for”, “l(fā)eave ? for?”, “come,” “fly?”, “return”, “arrive”, “go”,? “start”(出發(fā)), 等等, 如:? I'm going.我要走了.?? I'm coming!我就來!? My uncle is meeting us tomorrow.4.depend on? 依靠；取決于；依?而定, 如: Sometimes the meaning can change, depending on the country where it is spoken.5.succeed in doing sth.成功地做某事，eg: f you want to succeed in making yourself understood, you need to know some of these differences.如果你想成功地表達(dá)自己的意思, 你就需要了解一些這種不同點(diǎn).6.on one's way to +地名, 在去某地的路上(后接副詞時不用to)?.? eg: Lucy is on her way to school.露西在回家的路上.??
Tom is on his way home.湯姆在回家路上.[要區(qū)別于By the way順便問/說一下;? in this way用這種方法] 7.see sb.off 為某人送行，eg: Kangkang and Michael?going to the airport to?see them off.康康和邁克爾要去機(jī)場為他們送行.put out 伸出
eg: Michael sees a foreigner putting out his hand with his thumb raised.邁克爾看見一個外國人伸出他的手, 拇指朝上.??? [本名還要掌握see sb.doing sth.看見某人正在做某事? see sb.do sth.看見某人做某事, 以及with his thumb raised作伴隨狀語.] 8.ask for a ride 請求搭車, The foreigner is asking for a ride.這個外國人在請求搭車.9.be worried about...為...擔(dān)心
eg: I'm still worried about my English.我還在為我的英語擔(dān)心.10 as for...? 至于?, 關(guān)于某人/某事
eg: As for the spelling differences, you can easily find them when you use a computer.?? 11.have difficulty doing sth.做某事有困難 注：difficulty作“困難,艱難,費(fèi)勁,辛苦,難度”解時為un 作“難題,難事,難處,困境,危難”時,為cn eg: We have difficulties understanding foreigners
12.be closed to...? 靠近..., The Disneyland is close to Los Angeles.? 迪斯尼樂園離洛杉磯很近。
13.in person 親自
eg:He helped her with her English in person.14.be fond of...? 喜愛...eg: Children are fond of exciting rides like Pirates of the Caribbean.15.come about 發(fā)生
eg: How did these differences come about? 這些差別是如何發(fā)生的?
Can you tell me how the accident came about? 16.be forced to do sth.被迫做某事
eg: I was forced to take a taxi because I couldn't catch the last bus.?因?yàn)闆]有趕上末班車, 只好坐出租車.17.take in 吸收，如：The English language has taken in many new words from other languages.Topic 3 Could you give us some advice on how to learn English well? 1.make sb understood 使某人被理解
Eg：He say it slowly to make him understood 2.work hard at 努力?
eg:He worked hard at English and at last he passed the final exam.3.advise 建議（后接to do 或V-ing）eg：I advises waiting till the proper time.I advise you to leave now.4.stick to 堅持
(to 是介詞，后接名詞或V-ing)Eg：If you stick to the truth ,you have nothing to fear.He sticks to having a talk with his teacher.4.Laugh at 嘲笑
Eg：Don’t laugh at others.5.come to realize 明白
eg：After talking to his teacher,he have come to realize his teacher is always caring for him。5.in order to 為了
(后接動詞原形)eg：He gets up early in order to catch the fisrt bus.6.give up 放棄
eg：I always advise my father to give up smoking.7.復(fù)習(xí)動詞不定式的用法。Unit 4 Amazing Science Topic 1 Spaceship are mainly controlled by computers.1.dream of 夢想
Eg：I dream of studying in a university.2.send 寄，送
Eg：I will send a gift to my mother on her birthday.=I will send my mother a gift on her birthday.相關(guān)的短語：～ for 派人去請
～off 送行
～ out發(fā)出（光、熱）；長（葉子）
～ up 發(fā)射
3.no doubt 毫無疑問
Eg : There is no doubt he is a kind man.4.thanks to 多虧
eg : Thanks to the bad weather we don’t have to do morning exercise.5.turn on 打開
turn off 關(guān)掉
turn up 調(diào)高
turn down 調(diào)低 Topic 2 When was it invented? 1.Because I’m not allowed to play computer games.因?yàn)槲也豢梢酝骐娔X游戲。allow “允許、準(zhǔn)許”的意思。常用于以下幾種形式：
(1)allow +n./prep 如：
We can’t allow such a thing.我們不容許這種事情發(fā)生。
(2)allow sb.to do sth 允許某人做某事 如：
She allowed me to go fishing.她允許我去釣魚。
(3)allow +doing sth 允許做某事 如：
We don’t allow smoking in the reading-room.我們不允許在閱覽室吸煙。
(4)be allowed to do sth 如：被允許做某事
The students are allowed to play games on the play ground after school.放學(xué)后學(xué)生們被準(zhǔn)許在操場上做游戲。
2.It’s made from wood.它用木材做的。
(1)be made in 在??地方制造，后接表示地點(diǎn)的名詞。
(2)be made of 用??制造的，表示原材料未經(jīng)化學(xué)變化，仍可看得出原材料。
(3)be made from 用??制造的，表示原材料經(jīng)過化學(xué)變化，已看不出其原樣。
(4)be made by 由（被）??（人）制作，后接表示人的名詞或代詞。
(5)be made into（某物）被制成??
(6)be made up of 由??組成 如：
The TV set is made in Japan.這臺電視機(jī)是日本生產(chǎn)的。
These houses are made of stones.這些房子是由石頭建造的。
Paper is made from wood.紙是木頭造的。
Was this cake made by your mother?這蛋糕是你媽媽做的嗎？
Metal can be made into all kinds of things.金屬可以制成各種各樣的物品。
The medical team is made up of ten doctors.這支醫(yī)療隊由10位大夫組成。
4.It’s used for helping us to improve our English.它用來幫助我們提高英語水平。
(1)be used for+ving
be used to do（被）用來做?
強(qiáng)調(diào)用途或作用
(2)be used as（被）作為??而用，強(qiáng)調(diào)被當(dāng)作工具或手段來用。
(3)be used by 被??使用，by后跟人/物，強(qiáng)調(diào)使用者。Eg：Pens are used for writing.鋼筆被用來寫字。
Wood is used to make paper.木材被用來造紙。
English is used as a foreign language in China.英語在中國被當(dāng)作外語使用。
Recorders are often used by English teachers.英語老師經(jīng)常使用錄音機(jī)。5.They will no longer want to be our servants, but our masters.它們將不再愿意做我們的人，而要做我們的主人。
no longer（通常在動詞前），not?any longer;not?any more（用于非正式文體中）都可表示“（過去曾?）現(xiàn)在不再?”
eg: She no longer lives here.=She doesn’t live here any longer(或 any more).她不在這兒住了。（過去她曾住這兒）7.This method worked well at night as long as the weather was good and the stars could be seen.在夜間只要天氣晴朗，能看見星星，這種方法就能很好地發(fā)揮作用。
work well 有效 eg：China’s one-child police works well in controlling China’s population.as long as 只要 eg :As long as you work hard ,you must succeed one day.Topic 3 I don’t think aliens can be found in space.1.in the future 將來
Eg：I think people will live on Mars in the future.2.What are you going to be when you grow up?你長大后干什么？ 3.at a distance of 以?距離
Eg：The moon goes around the earth at a distance of 38.0000 kilometers.4.land on 著陸
Eg: People took some measures to make the plane land on safely.5.be worth doing 值得?
Eg：The book is worth reading 6.I don’t think aliens can be found in space.我認(rèn)為外星人不可能出現(xiàn)在太空里。
(1)當(dāng)think, believe, suppose, imagine, expect等動詞后的賓語從句含有not的否定詞時，該否定應(yīng)移至主句，即否定主句的謂語動詞。如：
I don’t think it will rain tomorrow.我認(rèn)為明天不會下雨。
(2)can +be +過去分詞，是情態(tài)動詞構(gòu)成的被動語態(tài)。如： This can’t be done in a short time.這不是短期內(nèi)能完成的。
7.It has been two days since we landed on Mars.自從我們登上火星以來已經(jīng)兩天了。
it用作主語談?wù)摃r間，常與since連用。
eg：It is(或has been)three years since we left school.自從我們離開學(xué)校以來已經(jīng)三年了。8.What’s worse, our water supplies were very low.更糟糕的是，我們的水供給是非常有限的。What’s worse 更糟糕的是。類似結(jié)構(gòu)還有：What’s more 更有甚者；更為重要的是。9.It’s a quarter as big as the earth.它是地球的四分之一大。倍數(shù)表示法：倍數(shù)+as+形容詞/副詞+as 如：This box is three times as heavy as that one.這只箱子是那只箱子的三倍重。Unit5 Knowing about China Topic 1 How much do you know about China？
1.China is a great country that has about 5000 years of history.中國是一個擁有五千多年歷史的大國。
句中that has about 5000 years of history是定語從句，修飾名詞country。country 是先行詞，that 是關(guān)系代詞，在定語從句中作主語，也可以用which.。
There are many places of interest which attract millions of tourists from all over the world every year.There are a great number of rivers in China.中國有許多大河。
2.a(great)number of ? 許多/大量，后接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，作主語時，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)；
the number of ?。。的數(shù)量，后接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，作主語時，謂語用單數(shù)。
e.g.A number of books are lent out from the library every day.每天有許多書從圖書館被借走。
The number of the students present is not known yet.還不知道出席學(xué)生的數(shù)目。
3.Among them, the Yangtze River is the longest one and the second longest is the Yellow River.其中長江是中國最長的河流，黃河位居第二。
句中the longest one，the second longest，“最長”用最高級，“第二長”在最高級前加上序數(shù)詞second。
e.g.Shanghai is the biggest city in China and Beijing is the second biggest one.上海是中國最大的城市，北京位居第二。4.hear of 聽說
Eg：Have you heard of the romantic story
That’s the most fantastic place that I have ever heard of.那是我聽說過的最奇妙的地方。
Hear from 收到?的來信
（已經(jīng)含有收信的意思，無需用letter）= receive a letter from 5.lose oneself in ? 意為“沉浸于?”
Eg：The scenery is so attractive that visitors often lose themselves in it.如此迷人的景色常常使得游客流連忘返。
6.It severs as a bridge which connects the mainland with the rest of the world.它（香港）是連接祖國大陸與世界其他地方的橋梁。
7.be considered as = be regarded as
“被看作?，被認(rèn)為?”，而regard ?as 意為“把?看作，把?認(rèn)為，as 是介詞，后接名詞。
Eg：As we know, Taiwan is considered as the Treasure Island of China.臺灣被認(rèn)為是“中國寶島”。
8.fetch 去取回來
eg：If you are thirsty ,I can fetch you a bottle of water.9.introduce 介紹
(～sb to sb)eg：Boys and girls ,let me introduceTom, your new classmate, to you.復(fù)習(xí)定語從句（I）Topic 2 Confucius, a pioneer in the field of education.1.He was also a famous philosopher whose wise sayings have influenced many people in different countries.他也是一位著名的哲學(xué)家，他的至理名言影響了不同國家的許多人。
2.When I walk along with two others, I may be able to learn from them.三人行，必有我?guī)煛?.are proud of 人引以為豪的(take pride in)Eg：Chinese people are proud of China’s long history.= China takes pride in her long history.4.Unfortunately, he died of illness on his way home from Africa in 1433.不幸的是，他于1433年在從非洲返回的路途中病故。
die of 多指因內(nèi)因而引起，die from 多指因外因而引起。
Eg:The old man died of heart disease.He died from a serious traffic accident.5.bring down 推翻
Eg： After a revolutionary，the emperor was brought down.break down 摧毀，垮下
Topic 3 The dragon has become a symbol of the Chinese nation.1.play a part in 在?方面起作用
Eg：Robots plays an important part in morden industry 2.promise sb.sth.許諾某人某事
promise to do sth.答應(yīng)做某事 promise sb.to do sth.答應(yīng)某人做某事
eg:
I promised him a present for his birthday.我答應(yīng)送他一件生日禮物。
She promised to write to him.她答應(yīng)給他寫信。
Father promised me to buy a new pair of shoes for me.爸爸許諾給我買一雙新鞋。2.We can go to either Beihai Park or Shichahai Park.either ?or 或?或? ,連接并列主語時，謂語和最近的主語一致，即遵從就近原則。
e.g.Either you or he has to go there.或者是你或者是他得去那兒。3．Both my father and I like it a lot.我和我父親都非常喜歡。
both ?and? 意為“既?又?，兩者都?”。連接并列主語時，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)形式。
e.g.Both Tom and I have been to the Great Wall.湯姆和我曾經(jīng)去過長城。4．Neither my mother nor my father likes it.我的父母都不喜歡。
neither ?nor ? 既不?也不?，連接兩個并列成分，謂語動詞和鄰近的主語一致，即遵從就近原則。
Eg:Neither she nor I am right.她和我都不對。
He is neither a doctor nor a teacher.他既不是醫(yī)生也不是老師。5．found v.成立，建立；創(chuàng)建，創(chuàng)辦
Eg:A new country was founded on October 1st ,1949.found的過去式與過去分詞都是founded
e.g.His elder brother founded a company in 2001.他的哥哥2001年創(chuàng)辦了一個公司。注意區(qū)分：find v.“找到，發(fā)現(xiàn)”，它的過去式與過去分詞是found
e.g.He found a purse lying on the ground.他發(fā)現(xiàn)地上有一個錢包。6.At the end of 在?末端
Eg：At the end of the year，he passed away.7.復(fù)習(xí)并列連詞both ?and ?, either?or ?, neither?nor?.和not only?but also?的用法： Unit 6 Entertainment and Friendship Topic 1 I would rather watch sports shows than those ones.1.In my spare time , I enjoy watching TV, especially quiz shows from which I can learn a lot.在空閑時間，我喜歡看電視，特別是能從中學(xué)到許多東西的智力節(jié)目。
在定語從句中，當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞which作介詞的賓語時，即“介詞+which”結(jié)構(gòu)，介詞可放在which之前，也可放在定語從句中的動詞之后。
Eg: This is the house in which Bing Xin was born.冰心是在這所房子里出生的。
= This is the house which Bing Xin was born in.2.would rather do sth.than do sth.比起做?更愿意做?
Eg:I would rather stay at home than go out in such bad weather.這么糟糕的天氣，我寧愿待在家中，也不愿出去。
3.hit sb on the nose 打某人的鼻子
（用the 而不用his 或her）
Eg：He hit the woman in the face / on the nose.4.be ready to do sth.內(nèi)心愿意/樂意做某事
Eg: He was ready to believe her.他愿意相信她。
5.From then on.從那時起
From now on
從現(xiàn)在起 6.a symbol of ?
?的象征
= stand for Eg：The rose is regarded as a symbol of love in both China and some western countries.People think the rose stands for love, peace, courage and friendship.8.order sb.to do sth.命令/要求某人去做某事
order sth for sb./ sth.為某人/ 某物訂購某物
eg: The doctor ordered me to stay in bed.醫(yī)生命令我好好呆在床上休息.9.forgive sb.sth.原諒某人某事
forgive sb.for doing sth.請求別人原諒所做的事
eg: She could forgive him anything.她會原諒他的任何事.Please forgive me for disturbing you.請原諒我打擾你了.Topic 2 Who is your favorite character in literature? 1.according to 根據(jù)
Eg：According to the given words，fill in the blanks。2.make up one’s mind 意為“下定決心”，后跟動詞不定式。
Eg：He has made up his mind to work hard and catch up with others.他已下定決心努力學(xué)習(xí)趕上別人。
3.can’t help 禁不住
+ v-ing eg：Sometimes we can’t help laughing because of his funny behavior.有時我們因他的有趣行為而禁不住大笑。Topic 3 I will remember our friendship forever.1.This weekend we’ll graduate from Ren’ai International School!本周末我們將從仁愛國際學(xué)校畢業(yè)。1）graduate 作動詞是，表 “畢業(yè)”，相當(dāng)于leave school，其名詞形式為graduation eg: He graduated in 1999.= He left school in 1999.2）graduate from + 學(xué)校 表 “從某個學(xué)校畢業(yè)” graduate in + 專業(yè) 表 “畢業(yè)于某專業(yè)”
eg: He graduated from Peking University last year.去年他從北京大學(xué)畢業(yè)。
He graduated in English at a famous University.他畢業(yè)于一所名牌大學(xué)的外語專業(yè)。2.think back on/ to “回想起，追憶” 如：
eg：When I think back on/to those things, I miss my friends a lot.當(dāng)我回想起那些事情時，我就非常想念我的朋友。3.…and write some words on the blackboard with color chalks.用彩色粉筆在黑板上寫幾句話。1）chalk “粉筆”，不可數(shù)名詞，若表示“一支粉筆”時，則用a piece of chalk;2）當(dāng)表示各種顏色的粉筆時，則可數(shù)。
4.I’ve got dozens of cards.我準(zhǔn)備了許多賀卡。1）dozen作可數(shù)名詞，意為“
（一）打；十二；幾十；許多”
Give me a dozen, please.請給我一打。
2）當(dāng)和數(shù)詞連用后面跟名詞時，dozen不加s，其后也不跟of。
eg: two dozen eggs 兩打雞蛋
3）dozen后加s時，常與of連用，意為“幾十；許多”，表不明確的數(shù)目。dozens of? 幾十hundreds of?幾百；成百上千thousands of?幾千；成千上萬 5.to one’s joy 使某人高興的是
to one’s surprised 使某人驚訝的是
eg: To my joy, I became the owner of an MP3 last week.使我高興的是，上周我擁有了自己的MP3。
To our surprised, Jim didn’t pass the exam.令我們驚訝的是，吉姆沒通過考試。6.take photos of sb.為某人拍照
take photos with sb.與某人合影 7.leave?behind “忘了帶；遺忘；把??拋在后面”
eg：It means change, and leaving behind unforgettable faces and places.它意味著變化，意味著把那些不能忘卻的面容和地方留在記憶深處。
She knew that she had left childhood behind.她知道童年已一去不復(fù)返了。8.see sb off 為某人送行
Eg：Today，we got up early to see him off.
第三篇：仁愛英語七年級上冊unit3topic3知識總結(jié)
Unit3.Topic3.What would you like to drink?
一．核心詞匯 yourself would fish chicken about rice drink juice milk for idea water vegetable bread hamburger usually breakfast lunch supper food may take order sir something glass wait moment let well eat out dinner why dear kind be 二．常用詞組 help oneself(to)would like what about?? all right good idea take one’s order something to drink/eat a glass of wait a moment eat out have dinner why not?.here you are such as 三．重點(diǎn)句子 Would you like some eggs, Maria? Yes, please.No, thanks.I’d like some chicken.What about you, Jane? What would you like to drink? What do you usually have for breakfast, Michael? Would you like something to eat/drink? Would you like to have dinner with me? Yes, I’d like to.They are all kind to me.四，交際用語 Help yourselves/yourself(to some fish).Milk for me, please.May I take your order,sir? Wait a moment,please.May I help you,sir? Let me see.Why not have some fish and eggs? Good idea.Here you are.I’ m very glad to be here.五．語法精粹 would like 句型 I would like an egg and some fish.Would you like some vegetables? What would you like to eat? Countable nouns and uncountable nous 六．其他 學(xué)習(xí)輔音音標(biāo) /h/ /r/ /w/ /j/ 七．金點(diǎn)剖析
1.Help yourselves！請隨便（吃/喝）。help oneself to?.意為“請隨便吃/喝?..”,是招待客人常用的交際用語。后可接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，也可接不可數(shù)名詞。當(dāng)只有一位客人時，用yourself;當(dāng)有多位客人時，用yourselves.如：Help yourself to some bananas.請吃些香蕉吧。Kids, help yourselves to some pizza.孩子們，請吃些比薩餅吧。【即時演練】1.Help____ to some fish, dear friends.2.Kate, help____to some cakes.2.I’d like some chicken.我想吃一些肉。I’d like 是I would like 的簡寫形式。Would like 意為“想要?..，愿意?.”,常用來表示婉轉(zhuǎn)的請求以及征求對方的意見，相當(dāng)于want,但比 want 語氣委婉。（1）would like 后面跟名詞或代詞。如：I’d like some cakes=I want some cakes.我想要一些蛋糕。Would you like something to eat? 你想吃點(diǎn)東西嗎？（2）would like 后跟動詞時，用動詞不定式形式（不定式由to+動詞原形構(gòu)成），即 would like to do sth, 意為“想要做某事”。如：I’d like to visit my grandparents after school.放學(xué)后我想去看望我的祖父母。
Would you like to come to my home for supper.? 你愿意到我家來吃晚飯嗎？（3）would like sb to do sth 意為“想要某人做某事”。如：-What would you like me to do? 你想要我做什么？-I’d like you to help me with my English。我想要你幫我學(xué)英語。（4）Would you like +n? 的回答用Yes,please.或No, thanks.如：-Would you like some bread? 你想要點(diǎn)面包嗎？-Yes,please./No,thanks.好的，請把。/不，謝謝。
3What about you, Jane? 簡，你呢？（1）What about +sb?這一句型用來詢問對方或第三者是否也具有上文提到過的情況、觀點(diǎn)等。如：I want to drink milk.What about you? 我想喝牛奶，你呢？ I like English.What about Tom? 我喜歡英語，湯姆呢？（2）what about+ 名詞、代詞或動名詞，表示說話人的建議或用來征詢對方的意見。如：What about this English book?這本英語書怎么樣？What about something to eat/drink? 要不要吃、喝些什么？ What about visiting the Great Wall? 去參觀長城怎么樣？【拓展】 What about ??相當(dāng)于 How about?..?如：What about havig a cup of tea=How about having a cup of 1 tea? 4What do you usually have for breakfast，Michael? 邁克爾，你早餐通常吃什么？一般情況下，表示一日三餐的名詞前不加冠詞。For 在句子中作介詞，表示“為了?.”, for+breakfast/lunch/supper 為固定搭配。如：I’d like some rice for breakfast.我早餐想吃點(diǎn)米飯。What would you like for lunch? 你午餐想吃點(diǎn)什么？
5May I take your order,sir? 先生，你可以點(diǎn)菜了嗎？（1）這是餐館服務(wù)員詢問客人是否準(zhǔn)備點(diǎn)菜的常用語。take one’s order 意為“記下顧客點(diǎn)的飯菜 ”。服務(wù)員問顧客想吃點(diǎn)什么，也可以說May/Can I help you ?或 What can I do for you?(2)意為“先生，閣下”，用于對顧客，上級或陌生男性的尊稱。
6.-Would you like something to drink? 你想喝點(diǎn)東西嗎？-Yes，a glass of apple juice,please.是的，請來一杯蘋果汁。在英語中名詞分為可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞?？蓴?shù)名詞有單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)形式，不可數(shù)名詞沒有單復(fù)數(shù)形式變化，如想表示復(fù)數(shù)含義，可在不可數(shù)名詞前加some,any或表示數(shù)量的短語。如：some meat 一些肉 any milk 一些牛奶 a cup of tea 一杯茶 a bag of rice 一袋大米 a glass of water 一杯水 two bottles of orange juice 兩瓶橙汁 three pieces of bread 三片面包 a piece of news 一則新聞 Wait a moment, lease.請稍等片刻。Moment n 片刻，瞬間。如：just a moment=wait a moment 稍等片刻【拓展】 at the moment 此刻 in a moment 立即，馬上 for the moment 暫時，目前 Let me see.讓我看看/想想。這是口語中常用的句型。Let sb do sth 意為“讓某人做某事?！背Ｓ糜谔岢鼋ㄗh。肯定回答一般用OK./All right.否定回答一般用 sorry,I?.。Let’s =Let us,是這一結(jié)構(gòu)的特例。如：Let’s visit the Great Wall 讓我們?nèi)⒂^長城吧。Let Tom help you.讓湯姆幫助你。
9.Why not have some fish and eggs?為什么不來一些魚肉和雞蛋呢？Why not do sth?意為“為什么不?.?何不??表示說話人的建議或勸說。其同義句型是Why don’t you/we do sth? 如：Why not give the letter to Maria?=Why don’t we give the letter to Maria? 為什么我們不把那封信給瑪利亞呢？ Why not study English with us? =Why don’t you study English with us? 你為什么不跟我們一起學(xué)英語呢？
10.Here you are.給你 當(dāng)別人向你要東西，你答應(yīng)給別人并在遞東西的同時說這句話。注意此句與 You are here.的區(qū)別。后面的意思是“你在這兒”。如：-Can I have your pen? 我可以用你的鋼筆嗎？-Here you are.給你。Kate，you’re here.凱特，你在這兒。11.They are all kind to me.他們都對我很友好。be kind to sb 意為“對某人很友善?！贝藭rkind 與 friendly(友好的)可互換。如：Our English teacher is friendly to us.我們的英語老師對我們很友善。
即時演練參考答案：1 yourselves 2yourself
練習(xí)：
一、選擇(25分)
（）
1、--Do Fangfang and Liu Mei have ____ friends here?--Yes, they do.A.few B.some
C.any
D.little
（）2.--______ I sit here?
--No problem.A.May
B.Do
C.Does
D.Have（）3.Where does your brother live __________?
A.in
B.on
C.at
D./
（）4.His English is ___________.A.a little
B.a lot
C.well D.poor
（）5.Linlin and Fangfang ________ here today.A.are at
B.aren’t
C.not
D.isn’t
（）6.He ________ to the Great Walll.A.want to go
B.wants to go
C.want go
D.wants go
（）7.– Where are _______?
--_______ are in ________ classroom.A.their, Their, they
B.they, They, their
C.their, They, they
D.they, Their, their
（）8.– What are they?
--They are ____.A.teachers
B.old
C.good girl
D.Chinese（）9.The books are those _______.A.girl’s
B.girls’s
C.girls
D.girls’
（）10.I know those aren’t _______ factories.A.they
B.their
C.them
D.him
（）11._______ White is our English teacher.He’s an English man.A.Mr.B.Mrs.C.Miss
D.Teacher
（）12.– What do you do?
--______.A.Yes.I do
B.No, I don’t
C.I’m a doctor
D.In a hospital
（）13.– What does the boy _______?
--He has brown hair and grey eyes.A.like
B.look
C.look like
D.look the same
（）14.Our teachers are friendly _______ us.A.in
B.on
C.for
D.to
（）15.– Would you like some bread?
--_________.A.Yes, please
B.No, I don’t
C.Yes, I would
D.No, I wouldn’t（）16.I’m very glad __________.A.be here
B.come here
C.to come to here
D.to be here
（）17.– Would you like ________ milk?
--Yes, please.A.any
B.some
C.many
D.a（）18.We often have _____ noodles and meat _____ supper.A.many, for B.many, with C.some, for D.some, with
（）19.– What would you like to have?
--I’d like __________.A.two bowl of rice
B.two bowls of rices
C.two bowls of rice
D.two bowl of rices
（）20.Why not __________ some eggs for breakfast?
A.having
B.to have
C.have
D.to eat
（）21.– What about a glass of orange juice?--_________.A.That’s OK
B.Yes, I like it
C.No, thanks
D.No, I don’t like it（）22.Let’s ________ dinner.A.have
B.to have
C.has
D.to has
（）23.What would you like __________?
A.eat
B.eating
C.to eat
D.eats
（）24.Jane, help _________ to some fish.A.you
B.yourself
C.yourselves
D.your（）25.– What’s that?--_______ a picture _______ our family.A.Its’, of
B.Its, of
C.It’s, of
D.It’s, for
二、.詞匯: A.用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空.1.Let’s ___________(go)shopping tomorrow.2.It __________(look)very nice.3.What does Steve __________(look)like? 4.__________(who)car is this?
5.Miss Li is ___________(they)Chinese teacher.B.根據(jù)首字母提示填空.6.Could you t___________ me your phone number? 7.We can s__________ English here.8.– May I call you Kate?
--S_______.9.Maria wants to v_________ the Great Wall.10.– Do you like the English c_________?--Yes, I like it very much.三.句型轉(zhuǎn)換.1.That letter is from Tom.(對畫線部分提問)
__________ is that letter from? 2.He studies in Beijing.(對畫線部分提問)
Where ______ he ___________? 3.My shirt is red.(對畫線部分提問)
_______ _________ is your shirt? 4.This is Jane’s coat.(對畫線部分提問)
______ ________ is this? 5.This is a knife.(變復(fù)數(shù))
_______ __________ some __________.6.Those aren’t my pens.(同義句)
Those pens aren’t ___________.7.Please give her this ruler.(同義句)
Please give this ruler ___________ ______________.8.He likes many __________ ____________(種類)English food.參考答案
一.CADDB BBADB ACCDA DBCCC CACBC
三.1.go 2.looks 3.look 4.whose 5.their 6.tell 7.speak 8.sure 9.visit 10.corner 四.1.who 2.does study 3.what color 4.whose coat 5.These are knives 6.mine 7.to her 8.kinds of
第四篇：仁愛英語七年級上冊unit3topic3知識總結(jié)
仁愛英語七年級Unit3.Topic3知識點(diǎn)總結(jié)
一．核心詞匯
yourself would fish chicken about rice drink juice milk for idea water vegetable bread hamburger usually breakfast lunch supper food may take order sir something glass wait moment let well eat out dinner why dear kind be 找出其中的名詞完成以下問題
可數(shù)名詞 不可數(shù)名詞 二．主要詞組
help oneself(to)would like what about all right good idea take one’s order a glass of wait a moment eat out have dinner why not?.here you are such as 三．重點(diǎn)句子
1、Would you like some eggs, Maria? Yes, please.No, thanks.2、I’d like some chicken.What about you ?
3、What would you like to drink?
4、What do you usually have for breakfast, Michael?
5、Would you like something to eat/drink?
6、Would you like to have dinner with me? Yes, I’d like to.I’d love to , but?.7、They are all kind to me.四 語法精粹
1）would like 句型
I would like an egg and some fish.Would you like some vegetables? What would you like to eat? 2）可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞
五．其他 學(xué)習(xí)輔音音標(biāo) /h/ /r/ /w/ /j/ 六．金點(diǎn)剖析
1.Help yourselves！
help oneself to?.意為“請隨便吃/喝?..”,是招待客人常用的交際用語。當(dāng)只有一位客人時，用yourself;當(dāng)有多位客人時，用yourselves.如：Help yourself to some bananas.請吃些香蕉吧。
Kids, help yourselves to some pizza.孩子們，請吃些比薩餅吧。
【即時演練】1.Help____ to some fish, dear friends.2.Kate, help____to some cakes.2.I’d like some chicken.I’d like 是I would like 的簡寫形式。
Would like 意為“想要?..，愿意?.”,常用來表示婉轉(zhuǎn)的請求以及征求對方的意見，相當(dāng)于want,但比 want 語氣委婉。（1）would like 后面跟名詞或代詞。
如：I’d like some cakes=I want some cakes.我想要一些蛋糕。
Would you like something to eat? 你想吃點(diǎn)東西嗎？
（2）would like 后跟動詞時，用動詞不定式形式（不定式由to+動詞原形構(gòu)成），即
would like to do sth, 意為“想要做某事”。
如：I’d like to visit my grandparents after school.Would you like to come to my home for supper.?（3）would like sb to do sth 意為“想要某人做某事”。
如：-What would you like me to do?-I’d like you to help me with my English。
（4）Would you like +n? 的回答用Yes,please.或No, thanks.如：-Would you like some bread?-Yes,please./No,thanks.3 What about you, Jane?（1）What about +sb?這一句型用來詢問對方或第三者是否也具有上文提到過的情況、觀點(diǎn)等。
如：I want to drink milk.What about you? I like English.What about Tom?（2）what about+ 名詞、代詞或動名詞，表示說話人的建議或用來征詢對方的意見。
如：What about this English book? What about something to eat/drink? What about visiting the Great Wall? 【拓展】 What about ??相當(dāng)于 How about?..? 如：What about havig a cup of tea=How about having a cup of tea? 4 What do you usually have for breakfast，Michael? 一般情況下，表示一日三餐的名詞前不加冠詞。For 在句子中作介詞，表示“為了?.”, for+breakfast/lunch/supper 為固定搭配。如：I’d like some rice for breakfast.What would you like for lunch? 5 May I take your order,sir?（1）這是餐館服務(wù)員詢問客人是否準(zhǔn)備點(diǎn)菜的常用語。take one’s order 意為“記下顧客點(diǎn)的飯菜 ”。服務(wù)員問顧客想吃點(diǎn)什么，也可以說May/Can I help you ?或 What can I do for you?(2)意為“先生，閣下”，用于對顧客，上級或陌生男性的尊稱。6.-Would you like something to drink?-Yes，a glass of apple juice,please.在英語中名詞分為可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞?？蓴?shù)名詞有單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)形式，不可數(shù)名詞沒有單復(fù)數(shù)形式變化，如想表示復(fù)數(shù)含義，可在不可數(shù)名詞前加some,any或表示數(shù)量的短語。如：some meat 一些肉 any milk 一些牛奶 a cup of tea 一杯茶 a bag of rice 一袋大米 a glass of water 一杯水 two bottles of orange juice 兩瓶橙汁 three pieces of bread 三片面包 a piece of news 一則新聞 7 Wait a moment, lease.Moment n 片刻，瞬間。
如：just a moment=wait a moment 稍等片刻
【拓展】 at the moment 此刻 in a moment 立即，馬上 for the moment 暫時，目前 8 Let me see.這是口語中常用的句型。
Let sb do sth 意為“讓某人做某事?！背Ｓ糜谔岢鼋ㄗh?？隙ɑ卮鹨话阌肙K./All right.否定回答一般用 sorry,I?.。Let’s =Let us,是這一結(jié)構(gòu)的特例。如：Let’s visit the Great Wall Let Tom help you.9.Why not have some fish and eggs? Why not do sth?意為“為什么不?.?何不??表示說話人的建議或勸說。其同義句型是Why don’t you/we do sth? 如：Why not give the letter to Maria?=Why don’t we give the letter to Maria? Why not study English with us? =Why don’t you study English with us? 10.Here you are.注意此句與 You are here.的區(qū)別。后面的意思是“你在這兒”。如：-Can I have your pen?-Here you are.給你。
Kate，you’re here.凱特，你在這兒。
11.They are all kind to me.be kind to sb 意為“對某人很友善?！贝藭rkind 與 friendly(友好的)可互換。如：Our English teacher is friendly to us.練習(xí)：
一、選擇(25分)
（）
1、--Do Fangfang and Liu Mei have ____ friends here?
--Yes, they do.A.few B.some
C.any
D.little
（）2.--______ I sit here?
--No problem.A.May
B.Do
C.Does
D.Have
（）3.Where does your brother live __________?
A.in
B.on
C.at
D./
（）4.His English is ___________.A.a little
B.a lot
C.well
D.poor
（）5.Linlin and Fangfang ________ here today.A.are at
B.aren’t
C.not
D.isn’t
（）6.He ________ to the Great Walll.A.want to go
B.wants to go
C.want go
D.wants go（）7.– Where are _______?
--_______ are in ________ classroom.A.their, Their, they
B.they, They, their
C.their, They, they
D.they, Their, their
（）8.– What are they?
--They are ____.A.teachers
B.old
C.good girl
D.Chinese
（）9.The books are those _______.A.girl’s
B.girls’s
C.girls
D.girls’
（）10.I know those aren’t _______ factories.A.they
B.their
C.them
D.him
（）11._______ White is our English teacher.He’s an English man.A.Mr.B.Mrs.C.Miss
D.Teacher
（）12.– What do you do?
--______.A.Yes.I do
B.No, I don’t
C.I’m a doctor
D.In a hospital
（）13.– What does the boy _______?
--He has brown hair and grey eyes.A.like
B.look
C.look like
D.look the same（）14.Our teachers are friendly _______ us.A.in
B.on
C.for
D.to
（）15.– Would you like some bread?
--_________.A.Yes, please
B.No, I don’t
C.Yes, I would
D.No, I wouldn’t（）16.I’m very glad __________.A.be here
B.come here
C.to come to here
D.to be here
（）17.– Would you like ________ milk?
--Yes, please.A.any
B.some
C.many
D.a
（）18.We often have _____ noodles and meat _____ supper.A.many, for B.many, with C.some, for D.some, with
（）19.– What would you like to have?
--I’d like __________.A.two bowl of rice
B.two bowls of rices
C.two bowls of rice
D.two bowl of rices
（）20.Why not __________ some eggs for breakfast?
A.having
B.to have
C.have
D.to eat
（）21.– What about a glass of orange juice?
--_________.A.That’s OK
B.Yes, I like it
C.No, thanks
D.No, I don’t like it（）22.Let’s ________ dinner.A.have
B.to have
C.has
D.to has
（）23.What would you like __________?
A.eat
B.eating
C.to eat
D.eats
（）24.Jane, help _________ to some fish.A.you
B.yourself
C.yourselves
D.your
（）25.– What’s that?
--_______ a picture _______ our family.A.Its’, of
B.Its, of
C.It’s, of
D.It’s, for
二、.詞匯:
A.用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空.1.Let’s ___________(go)shopping tomorrow.2.It __________(look)very nice.3.What does Steve __________(look)like? 4.__________(who)car is this?
5.Miss Li is ___________(they)Chinese teacher.B.根據(jù)首字母提示填空.6.Could you t___________ me your phone number? 7.We can s__________ English here.8.– May I call you Kate?
--S_______.9.Maria wants to v_________ the Great Wall.10.– Do you like the English c_________?--Yes, I like it very much.三.句型轉(zhuǎn)換.1.That letter is from Tom.(對畫線部分提問)
__________ is that letter from? 2.He studies in Beijing.(對畫線部分提問)
Where ______ he ___________? 3.My shirt is red.(對畫線部分提問)
_______ _________ is your shirt? 4.This is Jane’s coat.(對畫線部分提問)
______ ________ is this? 5.This is a knife.(變復(fù)數(shù))
_______ __________ some __________.6.Those aren’t my pens.(同義句)
Those pens aren’t ___________.7.Please give her this ruler.(同義句)
Please give this ruler ___________ ______________.8.He likes many __________ ____________(種類)English food.參考答案
一.CADDB BBADB ACCDA DBCCC CACBC
三.1.go 2.looks 3.look 4.whose 5.their 6.tell 7.speak 8.sure 9.visit 10.corner 四.1.who 2.does study 3.what color 4.whose coat 5.These are knives 6.mine 7.to her 8.kinds of
第五篇：仁愛英語九年級上冊Unit3--Unit4知識點(diǎn)歸納總結(jié).
仁愛英語九年級上冊Unit 3--Unit 4知識點(diǎn)歸納總結(jié) Unit 3 Topic1 一.重點(diǎn)詞語
1.be able to=can 能夠,會
2.can’t wait to do sth.迫不急待地做某事 3.have a(good chance to do sth.有(好機(jī)會做某事 4.practice doing sth.練習(xí)做某事 5.be made by……被……制做;6.on business出差
be made of/from……由……制成;7.be similar to……和……相似 be made in在某地制造8.translate……into……把……翻譯成…… 9.have no/some trouble(in doing sth.做某事沒有/有些困難 have difficulty(in doing sth.10.once in a while=sometimes/at times偶爾,間或11.whenever=no matter when無論何時
12.as well as以及13.mother tongue 母語
14.take the leading position處于領(lǐng)先地位15.encourage sb.to do sth.鼓勵某人做某事
16.call for號召
2.二.重點(diǎn)句型
1.Disneyland is enjoyed by millions of people from all over the world.世界上數(shù)以百萬的人們都喜歡迪斯尼樂園。
2.I hope I can go there one day.希望有一天我能去那兒。
3.English is widely spoken around the world.英語在世界上被廣泛使用。4.It is also spoken as a second language in many countries.在許多國家它也被用作第二語言。
5.It is possible that you will have some trouble.你可能會遇到一些麻煩。6.It’s used as the first language by most people in America, Canada, Australia ,Great Britain and New Z ealand.它被美國、加拿大、澳大利亞、英國和新西蘭的大多數(shù)人用作第一語言。
7.And two thirds of the world’s scientists read English.并且世界上三分之二的科學(xué)家用英語閱讀。
三.語法學(xué)習(xí)
一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)英語語態(tài)有主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)兩種。
主語是動作的執(zhí)行者,叫主動語態(tài)。如:We clean the classroom.我們打掃教室。主語是動作的承受者,叫被動語態(tài)。如:The classroom is cleaned(by us.教室被(我們打掃。
1.被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成: 助動詞be+及物動詞的過去分詞+(by+賓語 其中by意為“被……;由……”,表動作的執(zhí)行者。
如:The glass is broken by that boy.玻璃杯是那個男孩打破的。
be有人稱、數(shù)和時態(tài)的變化,其肯定式、否定式、疑問式的變化規(guī)則與be作為連系動詞時完全一樣。如: English is widely spoken around the world.(肯定式 English is not widely spoken around the world.(否定式 Is English widely spoken around the world?(疑問式 Yes, it is./No, it isn’t.2.被動語態(tài)的用法:(1在沒有指明動作的執(zhí)行者或者不知道動作執(zhí)行者的情況下可用被動語態(tài)。如: This coat is made of cotton.這件大衣是棉制的。
(2要強(qiáng)調(diào)動作的承受者而不是執(zhí)行者時,用被動語態(tài)。如:Her bike is stolen.她的自行車被偷了。
3.主、被動語態(tài)的轉(zhuǎn)換: 主動語態(tài):主語+及物動詞謂語動詞+賓語(+其它
被動語態(tài):主語+be+及物動詞的過去分詞+by+賓語(+其它 注意:(1主動、被動互轉(zhuǎn)時,時態(tài)不變。
(2主動句的主語是代詞的主格形式,變成被動態(tài)by的賓語時,要用賓格形式。如:(1 People grow rice in the south.Rice is grown(by people in the south.(2 She takes care of th e baby.The baby is taken care o
f(by her.四.交際用語:談?wù)撚⒄Z的廣泛使用
1.---You’ll have a good chance to practice speaking English there.---You’re right.2.---But I’m not good at English.I’m a little afraid.---Don’t worry.3.---Is Spanish similar to English?---Not really.Unit 3 Topic 2 一.重點(diǎn)詞語
1.by the way 順便說一下 2.depend on取決于……;依靠…… 3.be different from與……不同 4.succeed in成功,達(dá)成
5.make yourself understood表達(dá)你自己的意思 6.on one’s way to 在某人去……的路上
7.see sb.off給……送行8.leave for……前往某地/leave……for……離開……去……
9.in twenty minutes二十分鐘之后10.written English筆頭英語/oral English英語口語
11.generally speaking一般說來,大致上說12.as for sb./sth.至于某人/某物 13.be close to……靠近……14.in person身體上,外貌上;親自
15.be found of……愛好…………
16.be forced to do sth.被迫做……/force sb.to do強(qiáng)迫某人做某事 17.even worse 更糟的是 二.重點(diǎn)句型
1.Is Australia English the same as British English? 澳式英語和英式英語一樣嗎? 2.English is spoken differently in different English-speaking countries.不同的國家使用不同的英語。
3.For example, there are differences between British English and American English.例如,在英式英語和美式英語之間有些不同點(diǎn)。I can’t believe that I’m flying to Disneyland.我簡直不敢相信我就要飛往迪斯尼樂園了。
5.I hope I won’t have any difficulty.我希望不會遇到什么困難。6.6.Whenever you need help, send me an-mail or telephone me.無論何時你需要幫忙,給我發(fā)電子郵件或打電話。
7.Not only children but also adults enjoy spending their holidays in Disneyland.不但青少年而且成年人也喜歡到迪斯尼樂園度假。
三、語法學(xué)習(xí)用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時表示將來
現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時表示將來時,常有“意圖”、“安排”(但不是固定不變的或“打算”含義。它表示最近或較近的將來,所用的動詞多是位移動詞。
如:come, go, arrive, leave, fly, start, begin, return, open, die 例:I’m going.我要走了。
When are you starting?你什么時候動身? Don’t worry.The train is arriving here soon.別著急,火車馬上就到了。表示將來的現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時除了用于位移動詞外,亦可用于某些非位移動詞。如:My uncle is meeting us tomorrow.我叔叔明天會見我們。She is buying a new bike soon.她不久將買一輛新自行車。四.交際用語: 談?wù)摬煌瑖矣⒄Z的不同點(diǎn)并了解交際中的身體語言 1.I can’t follow you.Can you speak more slowly, please? 2.Oh, it sounds interesting.3.If you want to succeed in making yourself understood, you need to know some of these differences 4.---What’s up?---The foreigner is asking for a ride.5.Generally speaking, American English is different from British English in pronunciation and spelling.Unit 3 Topic 3
一、重點(diǎn)詞語 1.in public在公共場所
2.at times=sometimes有時
3.feel like doing=would like to do想要做…… 4..give up sth./doing sth.放棄
5.turn to sb.=ask sb.for help求助于某人
6.give sb.some advice on/about…給某人一些有關(guān)…的建議 7.be weak in在……方面很差/be good at在……方面很好 8.be afraid of doing sth.害怕做某事9.make mistakes犯錯誤
10.take a deep breath深呼吸11.the best time to do做某事最好的時間 12.do some listening practice做些聽力訓(xùn)練 13.reply to=answer回答 14.advise sb.to do建議某人做某事(名詞advice
二、重點(diǎn)句型
1.Could you make yourself understood in the U.S.A?在美國,別人能懂得你的話嗎? 2.I don’t know what to do.我不知道該怎么辦? 3.At times I feel like giving up.有時我想要放棄。
4.Try to guess the meanings of the new words, and get the main idea of the article.盡量猜測生詞的意思,理解文章的大意。
5.I dare not answer questions in class, because I’m afraid of making mistakes.我不敢在課堂上回答問題,困為我害怕犯錯誤。
6.It’s an honor to talk with all of you.與在座的各位交談是我的榮幸。
7.But remember to choose the ones that fit you best.但是記住要選擇最適合你的一種。
8.I insist that you practice English every day.我堅持認(rèn)為你們每天都應(yīng)該練習(xí)英語。
9.Believing in yourself is the first step on the road to success.自信是通往成功的第一步。
三、語法學(xué)習(xí)wh-+to do wh-是指when, where, which, who(m及how等連接詞,它們和動詞不定式連用,即為wh-+to do 結(jié)構(gòu)。這種結(jié)構(gòu)在句中常作主語、表語和賓語,作賓語時可以轉(zhuǎn)換為賓語從句。(對于謂語動詞來說,wh-+to do這個不定式動詞的動作是個尚未發(fā)生的動作,所以在轉(zhuǎn)換成賓語從句時,通常須加情態(tài)動詞或用將來時表示未來。
如:I don’t know what to do.=I don’t know what I should do.She can’t decide which to buy.=she can’t decide which she will buy.反之,如果主句中的主語與賓語從句中的主語一致時,賓語從句(由疑問詞引導(dǎo)通常可以與“疑問詞+不定式”互相轉(zhuǎn)換。
如:I don’t know what I should do.=I don’t know what to do.如果不一致就不能轉(zhuǎn)換。
I want to know what Mary will do.(不能說:I want to know what to do.四、交際用語:談?wù)撊绾螌W(xué)習(xí)英語 1.---…, but I hate to speak English in public.---You’d better not.2.---I know it’s very important to learn English well.But it’s difficult for me.---Me, too.3.Have you ever had any difficulties in studying English? 4.---could you give us some advice on how to learn English well?---You’d better follow the tape and do some listening practice.I think the best time to remember new words is in the morning.Unit 4 Topic 1
一、重點(diǎn)詞匯:(一詞形轉(zhuǎn)換: 1.successful(副詞 2.proper(副詞 3.completely(動詞 4.leader(動詞 5.succeed(名詞 6.hero(復(fù)數(shù)
7.physics(形容詞 8.fix(同義詞9.introduce(名詞 10.far(比較級(二重點(diǎn)詞組: 1.go around 環(huán)繞
2.send…into… =send up…into…把……送入 3.congratulations on sth 祝賀某事 4.be proud of 為……而自豪 5.be moved by 為……而感動
6.Thanks/Thank you for +n./ving sth 感謝某人做的某事 7.have physical examinations 做體檢 8.in good/bad health 處于好(不好的身體狀態(tài)
9.Can’t help doing 情不自禁做……10.take turn to(do sth 輪流(做某事 11.no doubt 無疑地12.as well as 除……的之外,也
13.for instance/example 例如14.work on 做……(方面的工作 15.depend on/upon依靠,依賴16.turn on 打開17.turn off 關(guān)掉 18.turn up 開大19.turn down 關(guān)小
20.click on 用鼠標(biāo)點(diǎn)擊21.look forward to doing sth 期待做某事 21.二、重點(diǎn)句型: 1.Now big plans are being made to send up more satellites and even build a space station.現(xiàn)在中國正在計劃發(fā)射更多的衛(wèi)星,甚至建造一個空間站。
(1 句子“are being made”是現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的被動語態(tài),結(jié)構(gòu)“be being+過去分詞”。
(2 主動句中的賓補(bǔ)如果是不帶to的不定式時,變成被動句后,成為主補(bǔ)的不定式必須帶to, 常見跟不帶to的復(fù)合賓語的動詞有see、feel、hear、make等。
2.I’m moved by what Yang Liwei did.我被楊利偉所做的事感動了。(1 What Yang Liwei did 是介詞by的賓語從句,意為“楊利偉所做的事”(2 be moved by 為……而感動
如:The students are moved by the old man’s story.同學(xué)們?yōu)槟俏焕先说墓适露袆印?/p>
3.Generally speaking, we are in good health now.一般來說,我們現(xiàn)在的健康狀況良好。
(1 generally speaking “一般來說、大體上、大概”(2 in good/bad health 處于好(不好的身體狀況。如: He has a cold, he is always in bad health.他感冒了,他的身體狀況總是不好。4.We couldn’t help looking at the earth again and again.我們?nèi)滩蛔≡偃乜粗厍颉?/p>
(1 Can’t/couldn’t help doing sth.忍不住做某事,不能停止做某事。如:I can’t help crying.我忍不住哭了。(2 again and again 一再,屢次, 如:The teacher has told him again and again.老師已屢次和他講過了。
5.I was able to fall asleep as soon as I got into the sleeping bag.一進(jìn)入睡袋我就睡著了。
We took turns to have a rest.我們輪流休息。take turns to(do sth.輪流(做某事。
The Browns take turns to look after the baby.布朗一家輪流照看這個嬰兒。6.It has proved that China has made great progress in developing its space industry.這證明了中國航天業(yè)的發(fā)展已取得了巨大的進(jìn)步。It has proved that…這證明了……
7.There is no doubt that computers are widely used by workers in business and technology.毫無疑問,電腦被商業(yè),科技工作者廣泛地應(yīng)用.There is no doubt that……譯為“毫無疑問”
如: There is no doubt that we should protect the environment.毫無疑問我們應(yīng)該保護(hù)環(huán)境。
8.Computers have made the world smaller, like a village.電腦使得世界變小了,就像一個村莊。make+賓語+形容詞“使……怎樣”
如: We’ll try our best to make our country more and more beautiful.我們將盡全力使我產(chǎn)的國家越來越美麗.三、日常交際用語: Congratulations!Thanks for your introduction.Pleased to meet you.=Nice to meet you.It’s an honor to interview you now.What do you think of ShenZhou VI? =What are your thoughts about ShenZhou VI?
四、重點(diǎn)語法: 賓語補(bǔ)足語: 賓語補(bǔ)足語用來補(bǔ)充說明賓語,與賓語一起構(gòu)成復(fù)合賓語。可作賓語補(bǔ)足語的有名詞、形容詞、副詞、介詞和動詞不定式等。
（一、名詞、形容詞、副詞、介詞短語作賓語補(bǔ)足語。如: 1.We call him Jim.(名詞我們叫他吉姆。
2.We must keep our school clean every day.(形容詞我們必須每天保持校園清潔。
3.Call him in, please.(副詞請叫他進(jìn)來。
4.Leave it on the desk.(介詞短語把它留在課桌上。（二、動詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語可分為三種情況: 1.跟帶to的不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語。
常見的這類動詞有:ask, tell, get, teach, want, invite, like, allow, wish, encourage等。
如:Tell Jane to sing us a song.叫簡給我們唱支歌。2.跟不帶to的不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語。
常見的這類動詞有“一感(feel、二聽(listen to, hear,三讓(make, let, have,四看(look at, see, watch, notice 如:Let’s have a rest.讓我們休息一會兒。
但這種結(jié)構(gòu)變成被動語態(tài)時,to必須加上如: He was seen to leave the room with a book in his hand.有人見他手拿著一本書離開這個房間。
3.跟帶to或不帶to的動詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語。這類動詞只有help。如: Can you help me(to wash my clothes ? 你能幫我洗衣服嗎?（三、分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語可分為兩種情況。
1.現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語,經(jīng)常表示正在發(fā)生的動作?？筛@類補(bǔ)足語的動詞有:see, watch, hear等。
如： I hear somebody singing in the next room.我聽見有人在隔壁唱歌。2.過去介詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語，經(jīng)常表示被動。如： You need to have your hair cut.你需要理發(fā)了。Unit 4 Topic 2
一、重點(diǎn)詞匯： 1.be used for +ving 被用做?? 2.come true 實(shí)現(xiàn) 3.It’s said that 據(jù)說 4.during/in one’s life 某人一生 5.be known as 以??（身份）而著名 6.know/say for certain 確切知道/肯定地說 7.all the time 一直、總是 8.no longer=not??any longer 不再(no more, not??any more 9.as long as 只要 10.as far as 就??，盡??11.make a great contribution 對??作出巨大貢獻(xiàn) 12.the rest of the time 在其余地時間里 13.at any time 在任何時候
二、重點(diǎn)句型： 1.Because I’m not allowed to play computer games.因?yàn)槲也豢梢酝骐娔X游戲。allow “允許、準(zhǔn)許”的意思。常用于以下幾種形式：(1 allow +n./prep 如： We can’t allow such a thing.我們不容許這種事情發(fā)生。(2 allow sb.to do sth 允許某人做某事 如： She allowed me to go fishing.她允許我去釣魚。(3 allow +doing sth 允許做某事 如：We don’t allow smoking in the reading-room.我們不允許在閱覽室吸煙。(4 be allowed to do sth 被允許做某事 如：The students are allowed to play games on the play ground after school.放學(xué)后學(xué)生們被準(zhǔn)許在 操場上做游戲。2.How do you say this in English? 這用英語怎么說？ 其意思與 What’s this in English 相同。3.It’s made from wood.它用木材做的。(1 be made in 在??地方制造，后接表示地點(diǎn)的名詞。(2 be made of 用??制造 的，表示原材料未經(jīng)化學(xué)變化，仍可看得出原材料。(3 be made from 用??制造的，表示原材料經(jīng)過化學(xué)變化，已看不出其原樣。(4 be made by 由（被）??（人）制作，后接表示人的名詞或代詞。(5 be made into（某物）被制成??(6 be made up of 由??組成 如： The TV set is made in Japan.這臺電視機(jī)是日本生產(chǎn)的。These houses are made of stones.這些房子是由石頭建造的。Paper is made from wood.紙是木頭造的。Was this cake made by your mother? 這蛋糕是你媽媽做的嗎？ Metal can be made into all kinds of things.金屬可以制成各種各樣的物品。The medical team is made up of ten doctors.這支醫(yī)療隊由 10 位大夫組成。4.It’s used for helping us to improve our English.它用來幫助我們提高英語水平。(1 be used for+ving /be used to do（被）用來做??強(qiáng)調(diào)用途或作用(2be used as（被）作為??而用，強(qiáng)調(diào)被當(dāng)作工具或手段來用。(3be used by 被??使用，by 后跟人/物，強(qiáng)調(diào)使用者。如: Pens are used for writing.鋼筆被用來寫字。Wood is used to make paper.木材被用來造紙。English is used as a foreign language in China.英語在中國被當(dāng)作外語使用。Recorders are often used by English teachers.英語老師經(jīng)常使用錄音機(jī)。5.People are surprised at the rapid development of robots.人們?yōu)闄C(jī)器人的飛速發(fā)展感到驚
訝。句子中 be surprised at???是一個系表結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“對??感到驚訝”。而 be surprised by??是一個被動語態(tài)形式，表示“被??所驚訝”。如：I am surprised at you.我對你的舉動感到詫異。The manager was surprised by what he saw on the computer.那位經(jīng)理被眼前出現(xiàn)在電腦屏幕 上的東西所驚訝。6.They will no longer want to be our servants, but our masters.它們將不再愿意做我們的人，而要做 我們的主人。no longer（通常在動詞前），not??any longer;not??any more（用于非正式文體中）都可表示“（過去曾??）現(xiàn)在不 再??” 如： She no longer lives here.She doesn’t live here any longer(或 any more.她不在這兒住了。（過去她曾住這兒）7.This method worked well at night as long as the weather was good and the stars could be seen.在 夜間只要天氣晴朗，能看見星星，這種方法就能很好地發(fā)揮作用。work well 有效 as long as 只要
三、日常交際用語： What’s it made of from? When/where was it made? It was invented in 1879.What will our future be like? I hope your dream will come true.四、重點(diǎn)語法：
1、一般過去時的被動語態(tài) 謂語部分的基本形式是 be 的過去式 was/were+及物動詞的過去分詞。如：When was it made? 它是什么時候制造的？ It was made in 1980.它是 1980 年制造的。When was the digital camera invented? 數(shù)碼像機(jī)是什么時候發(fā)明的？ It was invented in 1975.它是 1975 年發(fā)明的。
2、時間前所用介詞的速記歌 年月周前要用 in，日子前面卻不行。遇到幾號要用 on，上午下午又是 in。要說某日上下午，用 on 換 in 才能行。午夜黃昏須用 at，黎明用它也不錯。at 也用在時分前，說“差”可要用上 to。說“過”只可使用 past，多說多練牢牢記，莫讓歲月成蹉跎。Unit 4 Topic 3
一、重點(diǎn)詞匯： 1.travel by spaceship 乘宇宙飛船旅行 2.in the future 將來 3.in order to 為了 4.on the radio 通過收音機(jī) 5.take part in 參加 6.grow up 成長、長大 7.prefer??to 喜歡??勝過?? 8.What’s worse 更為糟糕的是 9.be worth it 有好處，值得一干 10.at a distance of 相隔 11.send sb.a message 給某人發(fā)送信息
二、重點(diǎn)句型： 1.I don’t think aliens can be found in space.我認(rèn)為外星人不可能出現(xiàn)在太空里。(1當(dāng) think, believe, suppose, imagine, expect 等動詞后的賓語從句含有 not 的否定詞時，該否定 應(yīng)移至主句，即否定主句的謂語動詞。如： I don’t think it will rain tomorrow.我認(rèn)為明天不會下雨。
如果主句的主語是第二、三人稱，否定式一般不轉(zhuǎn)移。如： He supposes they won’t win the game.他猜想他們贏不了比賽。(2can +be +過去分詞，是情態(tài)動詞構(gòu)成的被動語態(tài)。如：This can’t be done in a short time.這不是短期內(nèi)能完成的。2.It has been two days since we landed on Mars.自從我們登上火星以來已經(jīng)兩天了。it 用作主語談?wù)摃r間，常與 since 連用。如：It is(或 has been three years since we left school.自從我們離開學(xué)校以來已經(jīng)三年了。3.What’s worse, our water supplies were very low.更糟糕的是，我們的水供給是非常有限的。What’s worse 更糟糕的是。類似結(jié)構(gòu)還有：What ’s more 更有甚者；更為重要的是。4.It’s a quarter as big as the earth.它是地球的四分之一大。倍數(shù)表示法：倍數(shù)+as+形容詞/副詞+as 如：This box is three times as heavy as that one.這只箱子是那只箱子的三倍重。5.Mars goes around the sun at a distance of about 228 million kilometers.恒 星 在 相 隔 大 約 228000000 千米的地方繞著太陽轉(zhuǎn)動。(1at a distance of 相隔(2at a distance 在遠(yuǎn)處。如： The moon goes around the earth at a distance of 380000km.月球在距地球 38
萬千米的地方繞地球旋轉(zhuǎn)。The police followed him at a distance.警察遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)地跟著他。
三、日常交際用語: Sound great!What is it about? What fun!I can’t wait.You think man can live in space one day? I Think so.I hope I can live there one day.四、重點(diǎn)語法：
1、情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài):是由“情態(tài)動詞+be+及物動詞的過去分詞”構(gòu)成。如：Aliens can not be seen on the earth.在地球上不可能見到外星人。Other planets may be visited soon in the future.將來其他的星球也會有人登陸。Scientific research should be done carefully.應(yīng)該認(rèn)真地進(jìn)行科學(xué)研究。These trees must be watered in time.這些樹應(yīng)該及時澆水。
2、書面表達(dá)技巧 善于銜接。一篇好作文不僅是詞匯、句子的簡單羅列，語句間如缺乏必要的連接過渡和照應(yīng)，作文就會結(jié)構(gòu)簡單，句式單調(diào)，缺少靈氣，而看似不顯眼的銜接過渡可大大增強(qiáng)作文的連貫性，邏輯性和可讀性。常見的語篇銜接成分見下表： 邏輯關(guān)系 語篇銜接成分 時間關(guān)系: first(ly,second(ly,then, finally, suddenly, immediately, after, until, the moment, while 空間關(guān)系 : in front of, across, above, nearby, at the back of, next to, on one side?on the other side 對稱關(guān)系: on one hand?on the other hand, for one thing?for another 轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系: but, however, yet, while, though, otherwise, rather than, no matter what , on the other hand 因果關(guān)系: because of, thanks to, because, since, as, for this/that reason, as a result, so, therefore.條件關(guān)系: as long as, if, unless, if necessary 增補(bǔ)關(guān)系: besides, in addition, not only?but also, as well, what’s more,what’s worse 舉例： for example/instance, such as, like, namely, in other words 評價： as far as I know, there is no doubt that, I’m not sure that, It’s certain that, as we know, It’s known to all that?, 總結(jié): in a word, next to, in short, in general, in all, to sum upGenerally speaking, therefore
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