第一篇：同等學(xué)力英語考試作文真題匯總1997-2012

同等學(xué)力英語考試作文真題匯總1997-2012

1997 The problems I Have in my English Study 1.遇到了哪些困難

2．產(chǎn)生這些困難的原因

3．如何克服這些困難

The problems I Have in my English Study

參考范文1

After studing English for a period of time, I have met many difficulties.Among all these difficulties, oral English, I think is the biggest one.I’m always a fraid of wrong English words and wrong English grammars in my chatting to others.As a result, the more nervous I am, the less fluently I can speak English.Apart from this, reading comprehension is another obstacle.Although the main idea of a passage can be grasped by me, there are still a lot of mistakes when I deal with the questions.I think the reasons causing the above problems are as follows.On the one hand, the opportunity for practicing my goral English is few.Even if I run across a foreign in the street, my hesitation makes me lose the chance.This is why my oral English not so good.On the other hand, when I do reading comprehension, I concentrate on rading speed merely, regardless of intensive understanding.This is not strange why I can not comprehend the primary idea of a passage.In terms of the problems above, I think out ways of resolving them.From now on, I should encourage myself to grasp any chance to speak English.Besides, when reading a passage, I should pay much attention to comprehension while noticing my reading speed.I believe the problems I have in my English study can be overcome with correct ways.1998 Part Ⅲ Guided Writing（30 minutes，15 points）

Directions：For this part，you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition of no less than 100 words under the title of Why We Work.Your composition should be based on the following outline given in English.1． Some people live to work.2． Other people work to live.3． Your opinion.Why We Work 參考范文1 When we live in the world，we all work for some reason or other.Different people have different attitudes towards work.Some people live to work..They devote themselves to their work..The aim for which they work is to realize the value of life，to promote the development of society and to make more people live happy life.They make great contributions to society and at the same time they also find pleasure from their work.On the contrary，other people work to live.They regard work as a way of making a living.The purpose for which they work is to kill time or to make enough money to support themselves and their families.They often regard work as what they have to do.So they can’t pick up pleasure and enjoyment from their work.Such people，once they can afford to support themselves and their families，perhaps quit their work.In my opinion，we shouldn’t go to the extremes.Since we are members of society，we should do what we can to better it so that we can live in more comfortable and more convenient surrounding.Good life is an assurance of smooth work.Only when we realize this can we live happily and work well.參考范文1

Facing the topic of why we work, there are various answers coming from various people by the rason that people have different philosophy of life.In the first place, some people regard subsistences as the most important thing so they think they work to live.What they care in work is how much thay can be paid.They ignore whether the work is vapid as long as they can earn more money from it.In the second place, contrary to the abouve idea, there are a lot of people who believe that they live to place, contrary to the above idea, there are a lot of people who believe that they live to work.Their life goal is to make an achievement and become successful through hard work.Usually they choose their work depending on whetherthe work can accord with their interest and aim.As far as I’m concerned, we shouldn’t limit our work to the way of earning our livelihood, but work for the prosperity and mightiness of our country.This is not only a correct attitude we should take, but also a significant way we live.1999 Part Ⅲ Guided Writing（30 minutes，15 points）

Directions：For this part，you are to write a composition of no less than 120 words on The Qualities of the Cross-Century Talents.You should write according to the three-points outline given below.Outline：

1.跨世紀(jì)人才應(yīng)具備哪些素質(zhì)； 2.為什么需要具備這些素質(zhì)； 3.怎樣才能成為跨世紀(jì)人才。

The Qualities of the Cross-Century Talents

參考范文1

The Quality of Cross-Century Talentys In order to survive and succeed in the 21st century，the cross-century talents should have good educational background，strong communication skills and open-mind，etc.Because our society is characterized with the“knowledge economy”，education background is becoming vital to all of us.We surely need to learn the modern technology in order to succeed in our life.As the world economy becomes more and more globalized，we need to contact with different people in different parts of the world.A good command of foreign language and an understanding of cultural difference become increasingly important.As good command of foreign language and an understanding of cultural difference become increasingly important.As the world becomes“smaller”，we need to be more open-minded to new ideas.To become a cross-century talent，we need to bear in mind that learning is no longer a once-and-for-all experience，but an on-going process，or in other words，the idea of life-long renewal will prevail.參考范文2

Facing the arrival of the 21th century, as the cross-centry talents, what quality should we be equipped with? The first, I think, is knowledge.The second is health.Meanwhile, somececessary skills must be grasped, such as being accomplished in a certain foreign language, using computers skillfully and so on.First of all, in this age of knowledge explosion, people who own the most useful knowledge can go ahead, otherwise will fall behind.To the whole country, knowledge is the key factor to determine whether we can make our cungtry stronger than others.Secondly, the people’s health level can indicate whether a country is prosperous.In 2008, we should greet Being Olympic Games with healthy body.The last but not the least, English and computer have becaome a bridge to communicate with people in various countries.Therefore, their importance is indubitable to each of us.In a word, if we’d like to become a cross-century talent, we ought to study hard and strengthen the physical training so as to be qualified cross-century talent.2000 Which is More Important，Wealth or Health？

參考范文1 Different people have different viewpoints about this subject.Some say that wealth is more important，for keeping fit needs money.Others say health is more important，for you can do nothing without a good health.This question is still under discussion.In my opinion，health is more important than wealth.The following points can we support my statement.First，a good health will enable you to enjoy your life.With a good health，you will be happy with yourself and your family as well.Second，a good health will enable you to work effectively.In this way，you may do more contributions to our society.Third，a good health is also the best way of money saving.With a good health，you will reduce the economic burden for yourself，your family and the society as well.I can’t imagine what will happen to a society whose citizens have a poor health.Therefore，health is more important than health.參考范文2 Along with the rhym of modern life becoming faster than before, a new word “subhealth” set people thinking deeply.Which is more important, health or weath? Some people hold that wealth is the most important thing to their life while others hold that nothing is more important than health.Their reasons are following.Above all, many people allege that as long as they are wealthy, anyting else, such as health, happiness ans so on, can be bought.Surely, wealth is number one to them.The idea of making a fortune occupies their mind and they ignore all other things, including health.On the contrary to this, a lot of people believe that they’ve got nothing if losing their health.They think wealth and happiness become significant only under the status of health, therefore they’d rather quit some opportunities of earning money in order to keep healthy.As far as I am concerned, money is not the key to open all doors.Without health, money is meaningless to people.We should take right attitude to deal with this matter.【點(diǎn)評(píng)】

本題為立場選擇題，關(guān)鍵是注意文章的邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)。

2001

The Greatest Invention in the Past Century In your composition，you should clearly state your opinion and give reasons to support your argument.參考范文1 When speaking of great inventions and discoveries in the last century, I can say that the invention of the Internet is the most important.The Internet plays a role in our work and daily life so significant that people regard it as an indispendable partner.The following examples can prove this point of view.First of all, when we’d like to obtain some imofrmation in a certain field in the past, we had to spend a great deal of time to consult may people and refer to a lot of books.However, the Internet makes it relaxable and eay.In just a few seconds, the information you need appears on the web page.In addition, comparing with the tradional letter, the Internet creates a quick and convenient method for us to communicate.It really shortens the distances of the whole world that can be named as earth village.No matter what we do, the Internet provides us the most effective ans useful means of communication, In conclusion, people can’t imagine what it is like without the Internet nowadays, especially so some people who engage in electronic business.What we should do is to further improve the Internet’s function and makes it serve human being better.2002 1.State the changes in the number of Chinese traveling abroad in the past three years.2.Give possible reasons for the changes.參考范文1 The increase in the Number of Chinese Traveling Abroad The chart given abouve shows that there were about 7.5 million Chinese traveling abroad in 1999, and the number went up to 10 million in 2000.It was even more in 2001, reaching 12.1 million.It is undoubted that the number of Chinese traveling abroad mounted up continually.The factors that cuase this trend are various, but the main ones, in my opinion, are the following.In the first place, economy is the primary factor.As we know, the income of ordinary people in China is increasing constantly.Traveling aborad is no longer a burden they can’t afford.In the second place, communication between China and other countries is more and more frequent.Chinese people are eager to go abroad personally, getting to know how people live under different cultures and customs.At the same time, it is also to improve foreigners’ understanding to China——an old and big country.Since teavel can not only accelerate the exchanges of different counties, but also improve the friendship between Chinese people and people in other countries, our country should further perfect the travel sustem and unsure more development of travel industry.2003 Directions：For this part，you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition of no less that 120 words under the title of“What will money bring us，fortune or misfortune？”Your composition should be based on the following story given in Chinese.Give at least two reasons to support your choice.奪命之物

一棟住宅樓發(fā)生了大火，一個(gè)中年男子在大火中喪生。奇怪的是，他5歲的兒子明明卻逃了出來。有人問明明：“你是怎么逃出來的？”明明說：“我拿了一塊濕毛巾捂住鼻子，貼在地上爬……”，這是科學(xué)有效的逃生方法。

人們不解：“你爸爸不會(huì)這么做嗎？”

明明說：“會(huì)，是爸爸教我這么做的。爸爸和我一起爬到了門口，他說忘了一件東西，就又爬回去了?！?參加救火的消防員說，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)那具男尸時(shí)，他的手里緊緊地攥著一沓百元大鈔。于是，人們明白了：有一種東西殺人奪命，比大火還厲害。（摘自《深圳青年》 第3期上半月刊，作者廖鈞）

參考范文1

As the story tells us，we have to think which we are to consider as more important，life or money.The father in the story is the victim of his savings，because he loses his life when trying to get his money out of the house regardless of the risk.The story is intended to tell us that money sometimes brings misfortune if one has become a slave of money.My argument is listed as follows：

On one hand，to be the master of money can make life more meaningful and bring fortune.It is known to all that there are many other things that are more important than money，such as knowledge，health and friendship.Overestimate of the importance and value of money is likely to confine one’s activity and thinking to money.As a result，everything else is overlooked and happiness will not come easily.On the other hand，to be a slave of money can make a person end up with disaster，just as the father in the story.Many crimes are related to money，including robbery，bribery and stealing.This follows that we have to take a positive attitude towards money.In conclusion，I’ll never do such a silly thing as the father has done.Money does mean a lot，but it does not mean everything.I’ll learn a lesson from the story and try to devote myself to more important tasks rather than become a slave of money.2004 Part Ⅲ Guided Writing（25 minutes，15 points）

Directions：Read the story in Chinese below，and then write a composition of no less than 150 words under the title of“The Goal of Life”.Your composition should be based on the story and the following outline： 1.What have you learned from the story？

2.What is the goal of your life？If you have achieved the goal of your life，what would you do？ 目

標(biāo)

在英國有一位殘疾青年，他雙腿走起路來很困難，卻憑著堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的信念和毅力創(chuàng)造了一次又一次的壯舉：他19歲時(shí)登上了世界最高峰珠穆朗瑪峰；21歲時(shí)登上了阿爾卑斯山；22歲時(shí)登上了乞力馬扎羅山。28歲前他登上了世界上所有著名的高山。然而，就在28歲這一年他自殺了。原來在他11歲時(shí)，他父母在攀登乞力馬扎羅山時(shí)不幸遭遇雪崩雙雙遇難。他的父母在臨行前給他留下了遺囑，希望他能像父母一樣，登上世界上所有著名的高山。這位殘疾青年把父母的遺囑作為他人生奮斗的目標(biāo)，當(dāng)實(shí)現(xiàn)全部目標(biāo)的時(shí)候，他感到前所未有的無奈和絕望。他留下遺言：“如今，功成名就的我感到無事可做了，我沒有了新的目標(biāo)……”

參考范文1 After reading this instructive storys we can learn that there is no goal，there is no life，and we should set new goals for life in different periods of life.Otherwises，sad story such as the disabled man mentioned in the story would happen.Only with the renewed goals，can we improve ourselves step by step，and make our life more colorful and meaningful.Certainly，everyone has his own goal of life.I have mine too.My goal is to become a famous surgeon.I’ll work hard to achieve this goal by learning and practicing more，so that I can make myself more knowledgeable and skillful，and use them to benefit my patients.If I have achieved this goal，I would set up a new one.Then，I’ll do my best to achieve it.Therefore，everyone should set different goals in different periods of life，and try his best to achieve it.In this way，we will live happily.2005 Part Ⅱ Writing（30 minutes，15 points）Outline：

1.Choose either of the two positions：College students should（not）be allowed to get married.2.State your reasons for or against the issue.3.Conclusion

參考范文1 Whether college students should be allowedto get married

There is much discussion nowadays as to whether or not College students should be allowed to get married.Some people think it is humanistic to allow college students to get married，while there are some others who believe that it may make a far-reaching negative impact upon the students’ study.Were it left for me to decide whether college students should be allowed to get married or not，I would not hesitate a moment to prefer the latter.There are a dozen of reasons behind my belief.First of all，academic studying is what the college life should focus on.The whole point of marriage is that it imposes clear obligations，not just the right to pursue your own happiness，but to provide both emotional and practical care for each other，which surely wastes a lot of time.More importantly，most college students are relying on their parents’ financial support to continue their study.Surely，their parents hope they can concentrate on study instead of love affairs.Most important of all，a great majority of college students are still young，that is，they have not yet developed a sound opinion as to the true implication of love and marriage，thereby，most of their marriages may end up in divorce.From what we discussed above，we can safely come to the conclusion that it is unwise to allow college students to get married.Because it wasted too much time，money and energy，which greatly influences their studies and both physical and mental welfare.And the rules and regulations should be made by both the college and the governments to be manifest to all college students that college students are forbidden to get married.參考范文2

A heated debate that whether college students should be allowed to get married before they graduate has existed for a long time.Since their age is old enough to begin the marriage life legally, some people believe that it doesn’t accord with the law of human rights if they are not permitted to get married.As far as I’m concerned, the advantages are less than the abuses if college students have their marriage during their university education.The reasons are as follows.First of all, apart form some exceptional status, most college students’s life is around home and campus.Without social anneal, they are not mature enough to face the obligation that marriage brings.Furthermore, most college students can’t be independent economically, still relying on their parents’ support.How can they carry a family’s burden? Secondly, competition in modern society is becoming aboil increasingly.It’s not easy for college students to greet challenges if they don’t have sufficient preparation for their future, and early marriage will influence their study undoubtedly.In order to own a happy and steady family, a solid basis of career is necessary.Therefore, college students ought to concentrate their mind on study but not be married so early.Thirdly, college life is valuable and fugacious.In this collective, we can not only gain abundant knowledge, but win sincer friendship as well.It is a pity for college students who will limit themselves into personal life of marriage of they are allowed to get married.In conclusion, it is not suitable for college students to get married during their college education.They should fully utilize the golden time to prepare mentally, intellectually and economically.參考范文1

2006 Part Ⅱ Writing（30 minutes，15 points）

Some college graduates choose to work as village officials.1.Do you think it is a good idea？ 2.What can they offer the countryside？

3.What can they gain from their village positions？

參考范文1

College graduates work as village officials.People find it hard to find a job，especially the college graduates.Most of them just want to work in the big and developed cities，such as Shenzhen，Shanghai，etc.But the situation has changed.Some college graduates prefer to work as village officials in the rural areas，I think it is a good idea.First，it not only can ease the job-hunting pressure in the big cities，but also can make the college graduates have more job chances.Second，the college graduates can bring the advanced science and technology to the lagging rural areas.For example，they can teach the villagers how to feed the pigs effectively and plant the fruits and vegetables scientifically，which can help the villagers live a wealthy life in a short time.Third，the college graduates can exercise themselves in the poor living condition.They can know much more about Chinese farmers，and they may have a better and larger platform to display their talents and abilities.In a word，I am in favor of this idea，and I wish I could be a village official after graduation.參考范文2

Along with the quantity of college graduates increasing continually, working as village officials appears in many newspapers.Is it a correct choice for these college graduates who’d rather create their careers in the countryside than wait for a big company’s offer with hundreds of competitors? I think the answer is positive.Young college graduates possess many characters that are needed by the countryside, such as good education, activeness, enthusiasm and so on.Apart from these, they bring to the countryside new management ideas, latest techniques and many others.They also shorten the distance between rural areas and cities because they can grasp information from various fields timely.In a word, the rural areas can take on new appearance going with the arrival of college graduates.As college graduates, they can also gain a lot during their working in village.Through combining the theory with practice, they can obtain practical knowledge that is unable to study on campus.Furthermore, ours is an age with better phusical conditions than before.Some college graduates from urban areas never know poverty and hardship and the experience of village officials anneal them phusically and mentally.Form the statements above I may draw the conclusion that it is a good idea for college graduates to work as village officials.2007

Who and How to Take Care of Seniors？

參考范文1

Since China adopted one-child policy，together with improvement made in the social undertakings such as welfare and health care，there has emerged a problem of how to support seniors in recent years.As every coin has two sides，the side effect of one-child policy has appeared，for example，the child regarded by other family members as the little prince or princess，always has his wishes satisfied without difficulty.Growing up in this family，no wonder they lack in sense of caring for others and learning to be independent of parents.Can they support their aging parents whose life expectancy has been prolonged？

To effectively cope with this social problem of taking care of seniors today，I may put forward several suggestions as follows：First，young adults in a family should spend more time with their elder members，giving financial help，chatting over favorite topics，doing family work.Secondly，the governments at all levels should finance the construction of more seniors care centers for aged people who wish to lessen the burden of their children.Last but not the least，the sense of responsibility for caring the seniors should be planted to the heart of everyone.To sum up，I firmly hold that taking care of the seniors is one of Chinese traditional virtue and it involves the effort of young adults together with love from every corner of the society，particular social institutions.Only by doing so can we build a harmonious society.參考范文2

There are growing concerns among general public about the isssu of who and how to take care of the seniors.Since China adopted one-child policy, there has emerged a problem of how to support the seniors.As there are two sides for everything, the side-effect of one-child policy has appeared.The child always has his wishes without difficulty.They lack the sense of caring for others and learning to be independent of their parents.So they can not support their aging parents.In order to solve this social peoblem of takeing car of the seniors effectively, the following suggestions should be taken into consideration: on the one hand, young adults should spend more time with the seniors, doing family work and chatting over favourite topics as well as providing financial support for them.On the other hand, the governments should provide more financial help for the construction of more seniors care centers in order to lessen the burdent of the young generation.As far as I am concerned, I view taking care of the seniors as one of the traditional virtues in China.Under no circumstance should we ingnore the importance of taking care of the seniors and providing a comfortable condition for them.Only by doing so can we build a harmonious society.2008

Self-confidence Is a Key to Success

參考范文1

From what is illustrated in this picture / As can be seen from the above picture, the man with full-confidence finally steps up to the championship while the non-confident person becomes the steps of the successful man.It is supposed that success is a beautiful dream that everyone wants to come true.However, there are many factors led to success.But it is no doubt that self-confidence is one of the keys to success.There are various reasons accounting for this.Since we have to live in an on-the-move lifestyle, we may encounter various troubles on the way to success.When coming cross difficulties, we must be confident to overcome them, only through which can we finally achieve the goal.Furthermore, if we are not self-confident when we confront dilemma, we would not realize not only the personal dream but also the national dream.And no issue in China is as basic to build up the society in harmony as to conduct coordination in face of disaster.From what we discussed above, we can safely draw the conclusion that self-confidence is a key to success both for the personal and the nation.If we uphold the sprite of self-confidence, we are able to conquer all the difficulties and achieve the goal no matter how serious the difficulties are!

參考范文2 What is a key to success? Probably some people would claim tha power and interpersonal relation are main factors leading to success.In my opinion, self-confidence is a key to success.Because of being in possession of self-confidence, the question of “Can I do it?” is raplaced by the affirmative sentence “I can do it.” Because of it, many national industries are set up on the basis of shortage of capital and technology;because of it, our athletes conquer difficulties and win the final triumph in the world gymkhana.We have to admit that when facing the difficulty, most of us have the thought of moving back and giving up, so we need self-confidence.All in all, one life only with self-confidence is a life of sifnificance and brilliance.Self-confidence is also a route to success, we will benefit from it our lifetime if we choose it to be our friend.2009 Part II Writing(30 minutes, 15 points)Blog is an on-line diary that one keeps on his frequently updated personal web page.Blog often reflects the personality and experiences of the author.1.Introductory remarks.2.My opinion about blog: For or against, and reasons.OR What I think blog can do.3.Conclusion.There is no doubt that the blog has gained increasing popularity in people’s daily life in the past years.As we can see, people of varied ages, occupations and social ranks have their own blogs.They are somewhat like their online diaries.Truly, the blog has some attractive traits.The most noticeable one is that one can share his or her own feelings and thoughts with many others.In this sense, a blog is like a book one has published about himself.Compared with traditional books, blogs have some advantages.For one thing, they can be continually renewed and revised at the author’s will.For another, one can, to some extent, choose his readers.However, as every coin has two sides, the blog also has some drawbacks.First, some authors attack others in their articles and infringe upon others’ rights.Secondly, since the blog is not a real book, the intellectual property rights of the writer cannot be well protected.To sum up, the blog is like a two-edged sword, which has both merits and flaws.Of course, we should not give up eating for fear of choking.Instead, we should exert proper supervision over it and let it serve us better.1、引言，住處博客在當(dāng)今社會(huì)非常流行

2、博客的優(yōu)點(diǎn)

3、博客的缺點(diǎn)

4、總結(jié)，博客是一把雙刃劍。要采取適當(dāng)?shù)谋O(jiān)管，使其更加健康地運(yùn)行

2012

My favorite way of keeping fit

保持健康有多種做法……，我最喜歡的做法是……

My favorite way of keeping fits Observations and research findings indicate that people are increasingly concerned about keeping fits.The importance people attach to it and the rapid development of related services are the signs of this.There are several ways of keeping fits.Dieting should be fundamental to one’s health.We are more choice than ever before.Therefore, we should be cautious to select the proper foods and to control the reasonable amount.What’s more, taking experience is another essential way.In addition, nobody is exposed to be considered as healthy in mental disorder, so that keeping mental health is also important.As for me, I am exerting all my strength on keeping my fits, by taking reasonable dieting and proper exercise and by remaining in good mind.In particular, I like jogging, more than four times per week, and approximately ．

2011 How to handle stress

1.Common source of stress 2.Healthy ways to reduce stress 3.How you have overcome stressful situations.2010

1.What do you think about the story? 2.What do you learn from it?

Never yield to setbacks/frustrations

第二篇：全國同等學(xué)力英語考試作文

全國同等學(xué)力英語考試作文模板

When it comes to the topic of ________(作文的話題及某種社會(huì)現(xiàn)象，一般是作文標(biāo)題)，some people hold the idea that __________(人們的看法、觀點(diǎn)).As far as I am concerned, I think __________(我的看法、觀點(diǎn)).So I firmly insist the idea that ____________(我的看法、觀點(diǎn)).There are several reasons for this __________（這種現(xiàn)象或某種觀點(diǎn)）, but in general, they come down to three major ones, which listed as follows.To start with, the government should take the responsibility.__________(第一個(gè)原因).That is to say, _____________（擴(kuò)展介紹）.What’s more, _________（進(jìn)一步闡述）.Secondly, ____________(第二個(gè)原因).Besides _____________（擴(kuò)展介紹）.As a result of_________（帶來的影響）.Finally, ____________(第三個(gè)原因).Not only ____________, but also ____________（帶來的影響）.Obviously, it is high time that we did something to deal with the problem_____________.(本段小結(jié))

To sum up, I insist that __________(我的看法、觀點(diǎn)).It is necessary that effective actions should be taken to solve the problem.On one hand, ___________（給出建議）.On the other hand, everyone should do his part, too.___________（給出建議）.I believe all these measures will certainly help to solve the problem.______________(改變某種現(xiàn)象，進(jìn)一步完善).

第三篇：2010同等學(xué)力心理學(xué)真題

一、單項(xiàng)選擇題（每小題 1 分，共 2 0 分）．在韋伯 定 律中，韋伯分?jǐn)?shù)越小，表示。A ．絕對(duì)

感受性越好 B ．絕對(duì)感受性越差

C ．差別感受性越好 D ．差別感受性越差．大腦中 負(fù) 責(zé)言語接收（如分辨語音、理解語義）的是。

A ．角回 B ．中央前回

C ．布洛卡區(qū) D ．威爾尼克區(qū)．長時(shí)記 憶 的主要編碼方式是。A ．語義編

碼 B ．聲音編碼

C ．視覺編碼 D ．形象編碼．由光波 的 波長決定的顏色特性是。A ．

亮度 B ．明度

C ．色調(diào) D ．飽和度．世界上 第 一個(gè)智力量表是。

A ．比納－西蒙量表 B ．斯坦福－比納量表

C ．韋氏智力量表 D ．瑞文標(biāo)準(zhǔn)推理測(cè)驗(yàn)．以下測(cè) 驗(yàn) 中屬于投射測(cè)驗(yàn)的是。

A ． 1 6 種 人 格因素測(cè)驗(yàn)（16PF）B ．主題統(tǒng)覺測(cè)驗(yàn)（T A T）

C ．艾森克人格問卷（EPQ）D ．愛德華個(gè)性偏好量表（EPPS）．以時(shí)間 取 樣為誤差變異來源的信度類型是。

A ．分半信度 B ．同質(zhì)性信度

C ．重測(cè)信度 D ．評(píng)分者信度．下面四 種 策略中，不 ． 屬 ． 于 ． 元認(rèn)知策略的是。

A ．計(jì)劃策略 B ．監(jiān)控策略

C ．調(diào)節(jié)策略 D ．復(fù)述策略．程序性 知 識(shí)的表征方式是。

A ．命題 B ．圖式

C ．產(chǎn)生式系統(tǒng) D ．命題網(wǎng)絡(luò)．反映 研 究結(jié)果的代表性和適用性的效度類型是。

A ．內(nèi)部效度 B ．外部效度

C ．構(gòu)思效度 D ．統(tǒng)計(jì)結(jié)論效度1 ． 測(cè)得某大學(xué)生組和專業(yè)籃球運(yùn)動(dòng)員組被試的體重和身高，已知體重與身高存在高相關(guān)，若要比較兩組被試體重的差異，最合適的統(tǒng)計(jì)方法是。

A ． t 檢驗(yàn) B ． Z 檢驗(yàn)

C ．方差分析 D ．協(xié)方差分析．將一 組 數(shù)據(jù)按數(shù)值大小排序，位于序列中間的是。

A ．眾數(shù) B ．中數(shù) C ．算術(shù)平

均數(shù) D ．幾何平均數(shù)．普萊 爾 所著《兒童心理》一書所記錄的研究，主要采用。

A ．觀察法 B ．實(shí)驗(yàn)法

C ．問卷法 D ．測(cè)驗(yàn)法．吉布 森 的 “ 視崖 ” 實(shí)驗(yàn)，主要用來研究嬰兒的。

A ．深度知覺 B ．視敏度 C ．方

位知覺 D ．圖形知覺．以攝 氏 溫度計(jì)測(cè)得的溫度屬于。A ．等比

數(shù)據(jù) B ．等級(jí)數(shù)據(jù)

C ．分類數(shù)據(jù) D ．等距數(shù)據(jù)． 若已 建 立了用某種能力測(cè)驗(yàn)分 數(shù)（X）預(yù)測(cè)學(xué)生數(shù)學(xué)成 績（Y）的直線回歸方程，且已

知兩者的積差相關(guān)系數(shù)為 0.80，則 該回歸方程的測(cè)定系數(shù)應(yīng)為。

A ． 0.8 0 B ． 0.64

C ． 0.4 0 D ． 0.32．由 5 名 教師對(duì)某班級(jí) 3 0 名學(xué) 生 的行為表現(xiàn)做等級(jí)評(píng)定，若要考查這 5 名教師評(píng)定結(jié)

果的一致性，應(yīng)計(jì)算。

A ．積差相關(guān)系數(shù) B ．多系列相關(guān)系數(shù)

C ．肯德爾和諧系數(shù) D ．斯皮爾曼等級(jí)相關(guān)系數(shù)．標(biāo)準(zhǔn) 正 態(tài)分布的平均數(shù)與標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差分別為。

A ． 1 和 0 B ． 1 和 1

C ． 0 和 0 D ． 0 和 1．在總 體 印象形成上，最初獲得的信息比后來獲得的信息影響更大的現(xiàn)象是

A ．第一印象 B ．首因效應(yīng)

C ．印象形成 D ．近因效應(yīng)．海德 提 出的態(tài)度改變理論是。A ．平衡理論

B ．調(diào)和理論 C ．分

階段變化理論 D ．認(rèn)知不協(xié)調(diào)理論

二、名詞解釋（每小題 3 分，共 2 4 分）．表象．品德． β 錯(cuò)誤．效標(biāo)效度．概念同化．觀點(diǎn)采擇．社會(huì)影響．去個(gè)性化

三、簡答題（每小題 6 分，共 3 6 分）．簡述艾 賓 浩斯遺忘曲線的含義。．簡述影 響 測(cè)驗(yàn)信度的主要因素。．簡述引 起 不隨意注意的原因。．簡述方 差 分析的使用條件。．簡述確 定 樣本大小需要考慮的因素。．如何對(duì) 研 究報(bào)告的方法部分進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià)？

四、論述題（每小題 1 0 分，共 2 0 分）．論述動(dòng) 機(jī) 的含義及其功能。．論述幼 兒 思維的基本特點(diǎn)。

2010 年同等學(xué)力人員申請(qǐng)碩士學(xué)位

學(xué)科綜合水平全國統(tǒng)一考試

心理學(xué)試題答案及評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

一、單項(xiàng)選擇題（每小題 1 分，共 2 0 分）． C 2 ． D 3 ． A 4 ． C 5

． 6 ． B 7 ． C 8 ． D 9 ． C 10

． B 1 1 ． D 12 ． B 13 ． A 14 ． A 15

． D 16 ． B 17 ． C 18 ． D 19 ． B 20

． A

二、名詞解釋（每小題 3 分，共 2 4 分）．表象是 事 物不在面前時(shí)，人在頭腦中出現(xiàn)的關(guān)于事物的形象。．品德是 道 德品質(zhì)的簡稱，是個(gè)人根據(jù)一定的道德行為規(guī)范行動(dòng)時(shí)所表現(xiàn)出來的穩(wěn)固的 特征或傾向。． β 錯(cuò)誤 又 稱 Ⅱ 型錯(cuò)誤，是指虛無假設(shè)為假時(shí)，接受虛無假設(shè)所犯的錯(cuò)誤。．效標(biāo)效 度 也稱實(shí)證效度，是指一個(gè)測(cè)驗(yàn)對(duì)處于特定情景中的個(gè)體行為進(jìn)行預(yù)測(cè)時(shí)的有 效性。被預(yù)測(cè)的行為是檢驗(yàn)測(cè)驗(yàn)效度的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，簡稱效標(biāo)。． 概念同化是指利用學(xué)生認(rèn)知結(jié)構(gòu)中原有的有關(guān)概念以定義的方式直接向?qū)W生揭示概念 的關(guān)鍵特征，從而使學(xué)生獲得概念的方式。．觀 點(diǎn) 采擇 是 指兒 童 能夠 采 取別 人 的觀 點(diǎn) 來理 解 他人 的 思想 與 情感 的 一種 必 須的 認(rèn) 知技能。．社 會(huì) 影響 是 指由 于 社會(huì) 壓 力而 引 起的 個(gè) 人行 為 與態(tài) 度 朝社 會(huì) 中占 優(yōu) 勢(shì)的 方 向變 化 的過程。．去個(gè)性 化 是指個(gè)人自身同一性意識(shí)下降，自我評(píng)價(jià)和控制水平降低的現(xiàn)象。

三、簡答題（每小題 6 分，共 3 6 分）． 艾賓浩斯遺忘曲線 揭 示了記憶 保 持量隨時(shí) 間 變化的規(guī) 律 ：遺忘隨 時(shí) 間的推移 而 增加（3 分）； 但 遺 忘速 度 不 均 衡，開 始 時(shí) 的速 度 非 常 快，然 后 速 度減 慢，即 遺忘 “ 先快后 慢 ”。（3 分）．所有能 引 起隨機(jī)誤差而導(dǎo)致分?jǐn)?shù)不一致的因素，都會(huì)影響測(cè)驗(yàn)的信度。

（1）受試 者 方面：身心健康狀況、動(dòng)機(jī)、注意力等。（2 分）

（2）主試 者 方面：不按規(guī)定實(shí)施測(cè)驗(yàn)，評(píng)分主觀等。（2 分）

（3）測(cè)驗(yàn) 內(nèi) 容方面：試題取樣不當(dāng)，內(nèi)部一致性低，題數(shù)過少。（1 分）（4）施測(cè) 情 境方面：測(cè)驗(yàn)現(xiàn)場條件，如通風(fēng)、溫度、噪音等。（1 分）或按如下方式作答：

（1）被試 樣 本 ：（2 分）

① 團(tuán)體 的異 質(zhì)性。一個(gè) 團(tuán)體越 是異 質(zhì)，其 分?jǐn)?shù) 范圍越 大，以其為 樣本 計(jì)算得到的相關(guān)系數(shù)（信度系數(shù)）就越高。

② 團(tuán)體的平均水平。

（2）題目 的 數(shù)量：在一個(gè)測(cè)驗(yàn)中增加同質(zhì)的題目，可以使信度提高。（2 分）（3）測(cè)驗(yàn)難 度 ： 若 測(cè)驗(yàn)項(xiàng) 目 太難 或 太容 易，則 分?jǐn)?shù)范 圍 將縮 小，從 而 使信 度 降低。（1 分）

（4）間隔 時(shí) 間：兩次測(cè)驗(yàn)相隔時(shí)間越短，其信度越高。（1 分）．引起不 隨 意注意的原因：

（1）刺激 物 本身的特點(diǎn)，包括刺激物的新異性、強(qiáng)度、運(yùn)動(dòng)變化、刺激物之間的對(duì)比

關(guān)系等 ；（3 分）

（2）個(gè)體 本 身的狀態(tài)，如需求、情緒狀態(tài)、興趣、過去經(jīng)驗(yàn)等。（3 分）4 ．方差分 析 的使用條件包括：

（1）總體 正 態(tài)分布 ；（2 分）

（2）變異 是 可加的 ；（2 分）

（3）各處 理 內(nèi)的方差一致。（2 分）．最佳的 樣 本大小既要滿足統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)上的要求，又要考慮實(shí)際上搜集資料的可能性，以使 取樣誤差減到最低限度。（2 分）樣 本大 小 通 常 取決 于 以 下 幾方 面 因 素 ： ① 研究的 類

型 ； ② 預(yù)定 分 析的 精 確 程 度 ； ③ 允許 誤 差的 大 小 ； ④ 總 體的 同 質(zhì) 性； ⑤ 研 究者 的 時(shí) 間、人 力和 物 力 ； ⑥ 取 樣 方法 等。（4 分）評(píng)分說明： 上述 6 點(diǎn)每點(diǎn) 1 分，答 夠 4 點(diǎn)即給 4分。．一般考 慮 如下幾個(gè)問題：

（1）作者 的 研究方法是否能夠檢驗(yàn)研究假設(shè) ；（2 分）

（2）研究 的 自變量、因變量和無關(guān)變量是什么，被試如何選取，是否合理 ；（2 分）（3）按照 作 者的研究方法預(yù)測(cè)將取得怎樣的結(jié)果 ；（1 分）

（4）自己 提 出的檢驗(yàn)假設(shè)方法是否比作者的更好。（1 分）

四、論述題（每小題 1 0 分，共 2 0 分）．動(dòng)機(jī)是 由 一種目標(biāo)或?qū)ο笏龑?dǎo)、激發(fā)和維持個(gè)體活動(dòng)的內(nèi)在心理過程或內(nèi)部動(dòng)力。（3 分）

動(dòng)機(jī)的功能包括：

（1）激發(fā)功能 ；（3 分）

（2）指向功能 ；（2 分）

（3）維持和調(diào)節(jié)功能。（2 分）

評(píng)分說明： 若只答出動(dòng)機(jī)的三個(gè)功能，而未加必要論述的，每點(diǎn)各扣 1 分。．幼兒思 維 的基本特點(diǎn)是它的具體形象性以及進(jìn)行初步抽象概括的可能性。（3 分）（1）思維的具體形象性，即思維活動(dòng)主要是憑借事物的具體形象或表象進(jìn)行的，而不是 憑 借對(duì) 事 物的 內(nèi) 在關(guān) 系 和本 質(zhì) 的理 解，即 概 念、判 斷和 推 理來 進(jìn) 行的。（3 分）

（2）思維 的 抽象性開始萌芽。（2 分）

（3）言語 在 幼兒思維中的作用日益增強(qiáng)。（2 分）

評(píng)分說明： 若按照皮亞杰的理論論述幼兒思維基本特點(diǎn)也視為正確。

第四篇：2007同等學(xué)力教育學(xué)考試真題

2007同等學(xué)力申碩教育學(xué)考試真題

2007教育學(xué)真題

一、選擇題（每小題1.5分，共30分）

⒈被公認(rèn)為第一本現(xiàn)代教育學(xué)著作的是《普通教育學(xué)》。

⒉制約教育事業(yè)發(fā)展規(guī)模和速度的是生產(chǎn)力。

⒊實(shí)行單軌學(xué)制的國家以美國為代表。

⒋現(xiàn)代意義上活動(dòng)課程的首倡者是杜威。

⒌學(xué)校的中心工作是教學(xué)。

⒍《顏氏家訓(xùn)》的作者是顏之推。

⒎荀子的人性論思想是性惡論。

⒏被稱為中國“平民教育家”的是晏陽初。？(此答案不確定)

⒐提出教育最高目的是培養(yǎng)哲學(xué)王思想的教育家是柏拉圖。

⒑1958年美國政府頒布的《國防教育法》的主要內(nèi)容是加強(qiáng)普通學(xué)校的自然科學(xué)、數(shù)學(xué)和現(xiàn)代外語的教學(xué)。

⒒美國心理學(xué)家布盧姆將教學(xué)目標(biāo)分為認(rèn)知、情感和動(dòng)作技能三大領(lǐng)域。

⒓“自我效能感”概念的提出者是班杜拉。

⒔下列不屬于認(rèn)知策略的是復(fù)述策略。

⒕問題解決“準(zhǔn)備—醞釀—明朗—驗(yàn)證”四階段論的提出者是華萊士。

⒖“以社會(huì)契約和法律為準(zhǔn)則”階段屬于柯爾伯格品德發(fā)展理論所述的。

⒗教育科學(xué)理論研究的特點(diǎn)在于具有抽象概括性和間接性。

⒘在進(jìn)行史料考證時(shí)，確定資料真?zhèn)位蛘鎸?shí)性需要進(jìn)行外部評(píng)論。

⒙區(qū)別于日常觀察，教育研究中觀察法的基本特點(diǎn)之一是要按照研究目的有準(zhǔn)備而系統(tǒng)地收集事實(shí)資料。

⒚測(cè)量的信度是測(cè)量手段對(duì)各個(gè)對(duì)象測(cè)量結(jié)果的一致程度。

⒛準(zhǔn)實(shí)驗(yàn)與真實(shí)實(shí)驗(yàn)的主要區(qū)別在于被試抽取方式不同。

二、名詞解釋（每小題3分，共12分）

⒈學(xué)校文化

⒉性相近，習(xí)相遠(yuǎn)

⒊程序性知識(shí)

⒋定性研究

三、簡答題（每小題7分，共28分）

⒈教育學(xué)的研究對(duì)象

⒉斯賓塞科學(xué)教育思想的基本內(nèi)容

⒊奧蘇伯爾認(rèn)知同化論的基本觀點(diǎn)

⒋教育研究成果撰寫的基本要求

四、論述題（每小題10分，共30分。4題選做3題，全做的以前3題為準(zhǔn)。）

⒈試論教師勞動(dòng)的特點(diǎn)

⒉試述陶行知生活教育理論的基本內(nèi)容，你如何評(píng)價(jià)。

⒊試述學(xué)習(xí)動(dòng)機(jī)歸因理論及其對(duì)教育的啟示

⒋自定一個(gè)研究題目，至少從三個(gè)方面論證你選這個(gè)研究題目的理由。

第五篇：商務(wù)英語考試真題1

全國2011年4月高等教育自學(xué)考試國際商務(wù)英語及答案 課程代碼：05844 Ⅰ.Translate the following words and expressions from English into Chinese.(10%)1.in a detour 迂回 2.competitive devaluation 競爭性貶值 3.consignor 寄售人 4.customer mobility 客戶流動(dòng)性 5.escape clauses 豁免條款 6.share holders 股東 7.potential loss 潛在損失 8.carrying vessel 運(yùn)載船只 9.negligent 粗心大意 10.specific duty 從量稅

Ⅱ.Translate the following words and expressions from Chinese into English.(10%)11.債權(quán)國 The credit country 12.國際合同

International contract 13.定期付款/分階段付款 Term payment 14.被保險(xiǎn)人 The insured 15.人口計(jì)劃 The population plan 16.特惠稅 The preferential duty 17.基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施項(xiàng)目 Infrastructure construction project 18.裝箱單 Shipping list 19.破產(chǎn) Disrupted 20.土地和勞動(dòng)力 Land and labor force Ⅲ.Match the words and expressions on the left with the explanations on the right.(10%)21.facilities(d)a.the price or cost of transportation 22.premises(g)b.easily to go bad 23.middleman(f)c.not to do something that has been arranged or decided upon 24.perishable(b)d.something designed, built or installed to serve a specific function or perform a particular service 25.access(j)e.the act of paying a bill, debt, charge, etc.26.controversy(i)f.trader through whom goods pass between the producer and the customer 27.carriage(a)g.a tract of land including its buildings 28.settlement(e)h.an official group of persons who direct or supervise some activities of a firm 29.board(h)i.public argument about something which many people disagree with 30.cancel(c)j.a way by which a place, esp.property can be reached or entered or used Ⅳ.Make brief explanations of the following terms or give the full name of the abbreviation in English.(10%)31.term draft 遠(yuǎn)期匯票

A draft which requires to pay after sight or in a given period of time after representation of relevant documents.32.transferable credit 可轉(zhuǎn)讓信用證

Credit which can be transferred to other parties during the transportation of goods.33.direct quote 直接報(bào)價(jià)

A certain amount of foreign currency, usually one unit or one hundred unit, is marked with equivalent amount of home currency.34.acquisition 收購

Buying existing facilities 35.GATT 關(guān)稅和貿(mào)易總協(xié)定 The General Agreement of Tariff and Trade.V.Answer the following questions in English.(20%)36.What are the five major modes of the modern freight transportation system? Water, air, road, rail, pipeline 37.What do ―valued‖ policies mean? Valued policies mean that a country provide investors with preferential policies for insured return in order to attract foreign investment.38.What is the purpose to establish GSP(the Generalized System of Preference)? The purpose of GSP is to help development of developing countries by provide tariff concession to them.39.What is the relationship between MNEs and their host countries? The relationship of MNEs and their host countries is interdependable and interactive.Ⅵ.Translate the following into Chinese.(15%)40.The Bank for International Settlement(BIS)is a unique institution.Many of its operations are of types normally performed by a commercial bank, but it is owned principally by central banks, and managed by central banks and its principal customers are central banks.The objects of BIS are to promote the cooperation among central banks and to provide additional facilities for international operations.國際結(jié)算銀行是一個(gè)獨(dú)特的機(jī)構(gòu)。盡管它擁有商業(yè)銀行的許多常規(guī)業(yè)務(wù)，但它卻是由中央銀行擁有，管理并將各國央行作為其主要客戶。它的目標(biāo)是促進(jìn)各國央行間的合作，從而為國際貿(mào)易提供額外的支持。

41.In the 1970s and 1980s counter trade was different from the old practice although some similarities remained.Current counter trade partners are not necessarily familiar partners and goods exchanged are sometimes vertically related.Current counter trade can be categorized as follows.20世紀(jì)七八十年代，對(duì)銷貿(mào)易盡管保留一些與過去相似的地方，但它卻與過去明顯不同。它的貿(mào)易伙伴不再是熟悉的伙伴，交易的商品也并不總是垂直相關(guān)的?，F(xiàn)行的對(duì)銷貿(mào)易可分類如下。Ⅶ.Translate the following into English.(25%)

42．跨國公司是在一個(gè)以上國家擁有、控制和經(jīng)營資產(chǎn)的商業(yè)組織。

MNC refers to an commercial organization which owns, controls and manages asset in more other one country.43．世界各國被世界銀行分為三大領(lǐng)域：高收入國家，中等收入國家和低收入國家。

Countries in the world are grouped into four categaries by the World Bank:high-income, middle-income, and low-income countries.44．企業(yè)投保的主要刺激是他們可以騰出資金，進(jìn)行其他項(xiàng)目的投資。

The main stimulas for intreprises to insure is that they can release their funds and invest in other projects.45．信用證的付款方式對(duì)買賣雙方都提供了保障。The payment of credit provides assurance to both the buyers and the sellers.46．世界上任何一個(gè)地方任何一種社會(huì)的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長都與利用運(yùn)輸有直接的關(guān)系。In any place of the world, the economic growth of any society has a direct relation with the adoption of transportation.