第一篇：新版八年級英語下冊第三單元知識點(diǎn)歸納

新版八年級英語下冊第三單元知識點(diǎn)歸納

Unit3 Could you please clean your room?

一、Peter ,could you please take out the rubbish? 彼得，你能把垃圾倒了嗎？----sure,mom.Could you please do sth ?請你（做）......好嗎？ 用于提出請求，希望得到對方的肯定回答，說話的語氣比較客氣委婉。

Could 不是can的過去式，是委婉、禮貌的說法?；卮鹩胏an.【常用答語】肯定回答：Sure./ Of course./ Certainly./No problem.否定回答： Sorry , I can’t

2、take out 取出（v+ adv）

【注】: 跟代詞做賓語，代詞放中間；跟名詞做賓語，可放在中間，也可放在后邊 take 有關(guān)的短語: take out 帶出去,取出

Please take out a piece of paper.請拿出一張紙。

Please take it out.請把它拿出來。take...out “把??帶出去”

My father is taking me out to go for a drive.我爸爸要帶我出去開車。(1)take off 脫下；（飛機(jī)）起飛

----Please take off your coat（外套）, It’s warm here.---The plane took off at 9:00 am.【短語】take out the trash/rubbish 倒垃圾 take away 拿走，取走

take back 收回 take place 發(fā)生 take off 脫下； 起飛

（2）take ?to ?把...帶到...(3)take sb.for a walk 帶某人去散步 take a walk 散步（4）take exercise 運(yùn)動，鍛煉（5）take one’s time 不用急，慢慢來（6）take a bus(ship/train)乘坐公共汽車（7）take turns 輪流，替換（8）It takes sb.some time to do sth.做某事花費(fèi)某人多長時間 3.Can you do the dishes.？那你可以洗盤子嗎？

do the dishes 洗碗

【結(jié)構(gòu)1】do the +名詞： do the dishes/ laundry 洗餐具/衣服

【結(jié)構(gòu)2】do the +動詞-ing do the cleaning 打掃衛(wèi)生

【結(jié)構(gòu)3】do one’s + 名詞 do one’s housework/ homework 做家務(wù)/家庭作業(yè)

【結(jié)構(gòu)4】do some +動詞-ing do some reading/ shopping 讀寫書/購物 4.could you please help out with a few things? help out動詞短語，表示在某人繁忙或 遇到困難時“給予幫助”。

help和out之間還可以加入具體的“人”。

e.g.He helped me out with my task.他幫我完成了任務(wù)。

They helped(us)out with the clean-up.他們幫助我們做大掃除。

5.Because Mom will back from shopping any minute now.因為媽媽馬上回來購物。

6.any minute now 一種常見的口語表達(dá)法，相當(dāng)于“隨時；馬上；在任何時刻”的意思，e.g.Don’t worry, he will come here any minute now.別擔(dān)心, 他會馬上來這兒。7.Could I at least finish watching this show? 至少讓我看完這個節(jié)目可以嗎？ 1】Could I do sth? 我可以做......嗎？

用于表達(dá)請求，語氣比較委婉。Could I go out with my classmate this weekend? 2】at least 至少，多指數(shù)量或程度上的最低限度。(反)at most 至多 3】finish v 結(jié)束；完成 finish doing sth 做完某事

eg— Can you finish reading these books before 10 o'clock? — Yes, I can.5、I think two hours of TV is enough for you!我覺得你看兩個小時的電視已經(jīng)足夠了。1】two hours of TV 表示時間、距離、金額、度量等詞語作主語時，通常被視作整體，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。

How time is flies!Three yearsisreally a short time.時光飛逝！三年真的是短暫的時光?！窘馕?】enough 足夠的，充分的（在句中作定語或表語）

I don’t have enough money with me.我沒有足夠的錢?！窘馕?】足夠；充分（放在形容詞；副詞后）

The river is deep enough for swimming.這條河夠深，可以游泳。

【記】 Mr.Smith has enough money ,but he isn’t kind enough to help others.史米斯先生有足夠的錢，但他不夠好心幫助別人

【注意】enough 修飾名詞時，置于名詞前；修飾形容詞時，置于形容詞之后。

6、Could you take out the rubbish,fold the clothes and do the dishes? 你能把垃圾倒了。把衣服疊好，再把碗洗了嗎？ 【解析】take out 拿出；取出 take 的用法：

Please take some books to the classroom.請帶一些書到教室去。

Take this medicine three times a day.這藥一天服三次。They usually take the bus to work.他們通常乘公共汽車去上班。

It takes me two hours to do my homework every day.我每天花兩個小時做作業(yè)。短語 take a rest 休息 take care of 照顧 take off 脫下；起飛 take up 占據(jù)

take down 拿下 take one’s time 不急；慢慢來 take one’s temperature 量體溫 7.The minute I sat down in front of the TV, my mom came over.我剛坐在電視機(jī)前面，我媽媽就過來了。

【解析1】the minute = as soon as “一......就......”

Please write to me the minute you get there.【解析2】 in front of指在物體外部的前面

There is a bike in front of the classroom.教室前面有一輛自行車。指在物體內(nèi)部的前面

Our teacher is standing in the front of the classroom 我們的老師正站在教室的前面 【記】 The driver sat _in the front of_ the car.The policeman stood ___in front of_ the car.【注意】有the無the區(qū)別大：

at table 吃飯；進(jìn)餐 in hospital 住院

at the tabel 在桌邊 in the hospital 在醫(yī)院（不一定看?。窘馕?】come over 過來

【拓展】 come 短語：

come across（偶然）發(fā)現(xiàn) come back 回來 come up with想出 come true實現(xiàn) come down下來 come from=be from來自,出生于 come in/into進(jìn)入,進(jìn)來 come on趕快,加油 come along走吧,過來,快點(diǎn) come and go來來去去 come up上來 come out出來，(花)開，(照片)沖洗出來 7.You watch TV all the time and never help out around the house!你總是看電視，從不幫忙做家務(wù)！

all the time = always 一直；總是

8.I’m just as tired as you are!我和你一樣累！【解析】as...as...和......一樣......9.For one week , she did not do any housework and neither did I.一周的時間，她不做任何家務(wù)，我也不做。

【解析】neither +助動詞/系動詞/情態(tài)動詞 +主語 “某人（主語）也不” ⑴ neither兩者都不

neither …nor… 既不…也不…,連接兩個詞做主語，謂語動詞由后一個主語確定 Neither Tom nor Jim is a student ⑵ 表達(dá)“…也不……” 則用 “Neither /Nor + be / V助 / V情 + 主”

—The first one wasn’t bad.— Neither was the second.第一個并不壞。-第二個也不是。10.The next day , my mom came home from work to find the house clean and tidy.第二天，媽媽下班回到家后發(fā)現(xiàn)房間很干凈、整潔。【解析】find +賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語 【注】find → found →found v尋找

(1)find sb.doing sth 發(fā)現(xiàn)某人做某事

(2)find it + adj.+ to do sth 發(fā)現(xiàn)做某事很……

◆find it difficult/ hard to do sth 發(fā)現(xiàn)做某事很困難 She found _it__ hard to finish the work by herself.她發(fā)現(xiàn)自己很難完成這項工作。

11.She asked in surprise.她吃驚地問道。【解析】in surprise 驚奇地；吃驚地

surprise v 使吃驚→surprising adj.令人吃驚的 →surprised adj.吃驚的

to one’s surprise 使某人吃驚的是 in surprise 吃驚地 be surprised at 對……感到吃驚 To my surprise_(使我吃驚的是），he got the first prize in the exam.12.“ I’m so sorry, Mom.I finish understand that we need to share the housework to have a clean and comfortable home.” I replied.“對不起，媽媽。我終于理解為了擁有一個干凈、舒適的家我們需要共同來分擔(dān)家務(wù)?！?我回答說。

【解析1】need v 需要 用于肯定句，是實義動詞。

(1)人做主語，sb.need to do sth 某人需要做某事(2)物做主語，sth need doing sth= sth need to be done ①Students need ___to have_(have)a good rest in studying.②The watch needs__mending___(mend).手表需要修。用于否定句或疑問句，是情態(tài)動詞(1)needn’t = don’t have to 沒有必要

(2)need ,must 引導(dǎo)的一般疑問句，肯定會的用must,否定回答用needn’t

— Must I go there now? — Yes，you must/No, you needn’t

【解析2】share 分享；共用 share sth 分享或共用某物 share sth with sb.與某人分享某物(All his friends __Shared___ his happiness when he won the match.13.Could I hang out with my friends after the movie? 看完電影后我能和朋友們一起閑逛嗎？

【解析】hang out 閑逛 hang up 把......懸掛/掛起 14.Could you please pass me the salt?你能把鹽遞給我嗎？

【解析】pass ⑴v 給；遞；走過；通過 pass sb.sth 把某物遞給某 Pass on 傳遞 Please pass the paper on to the other students.⑵ v 通過；路過 I pass your home.⑶ v 通過（考試）；及格 Tom can pass his math exam.15.Could I borrow that book?我能借下你那本書看嗎、Could you lend me some money?你能借我一些錢嗎？ 【解析】borrow /lend/keep(1)borrow 借入 ,與from 連用，尤指主語“【借進(jìn)來”】

borrow sth from sb.從某人那里借某物 You can borrow the book from the library.(2)lend 借出 ,與to 搭配 【指借出去】

lend sb sth=lend sth to sb 把某物借給某人He doesn’t want to lend his book to others.(3)keep 保留，保存（延續(xù)動詞，可以與表示一段時間的狀語連用）【指借一段時間】 【記】 I want to _borrow__ a bike from my friend but he didn’t _lend___ it to me, because Tom had _kept____ it for two days.16.I cut my finger and I’m trying not to get it wet.我的手指割傷了，傷口不能弄濕。

【解析】try(not)to do sth努力（不）做某事。try v 試圖，設(shè)法，努力 【拓展】(1)try on 試穿

(2)try to do sth 努力做某事 【側(cè)重盡力做】

(3)try doing sth 試圖做某事 【側(cè)重嘗試做】

(4)try one’s best to do sth= do one’s best to do sth 盡某人最大努力做某事 17.I hate to do chores.我討厭做家務(wù)。

hate to do sth 討厭做某事, 表示某次具體行為或動作。I hate to trouble him.我討厭麻煩他 hate doing sth不愿意做某事 表示經(jīng)?；蛄?xí)慣性行為或動作。She hates smoking in her room.她討厭在房間里抽煙。

18.Could I ask you to help me with some chores then? 那我能請求你幫我做些雜活嗎？

【解析】ask sb.to do sth 要求某人做某事。

ask for 請求，要某物

ask sb.about sth 向某人詢問關(guān)于某事(1)ask sb.for help 向某人請求幫助(2)ask sb.(not)to do sth請求某人做某事 ask構(gòu)成的短語： 短語 含義

ask sb.to do sth 請某人做某事 ask sb.not to do sth 不讓某人做某事 ask sb for sth 向某人要某物 ask for help 尋求幫助

19.I’ll finish my homework while you help me with the dishes.當(dāng)你幫我洗盤子的時候，我將完成我的家庭作業(yè)。

【解析1】finish doing sth 完成某事

— Can you finish _reading__ these books before 10 o’clock? 你能在十點(diǎn)前讀完這些書嗎？ — Yes, I can.【解析2】while conj.“在……期間； 當(dāng)……的時候” While 引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句的謂語動詞只能是延續(xù)動詞。

_While __ the children have fun, parents can take dance lessons on the beach.當(dāng)孩子們玩得開心時，父母可以在海灘上上舞蹈課?！窘馕?】help sb.with sth.在某事上幫助某人。【注】help v 幫助 → helpful adj.有幫助的

(1)help sb.do sth.=help sb.with sth.幫助某人做某事(2)with the help of sb.=with one’s help在某人的幫助之下(3)without the help of 沒有在…的幫助之下 ①I think reading is very __helpful____(help).② __Without____ your help, we couldn’t catch the thief.抓住小偷。20.Could I invite my friends to a party? 我能邀請我的朋友們來聚會嗎？ 【解析】invite sb.to Sp.邀請某人去某地 【解析】invite v → invitation n邀請(1)invite sb.to do sth 邀請某人做某事(2)invite sb.to +地點(diǎn) 邀請某人去某地

21.I don’t understand why some parents make their kids help with housework and chores at home.我不理解為什么有些父母在家讓孩子們幫忙做家務(wù)和雜務(wù)?！窘馕觥縨ake sb.do sth 讓某人做某事 make → made →made v.做，制作，使得

(1)make sb/sth + 形容詞 “讓某人或某物…” make you happy(2)make sb/sth do sth 使某人做某事 make me laugh.Colors can change our moods and make us _feel__ happy or sad, energetic or sleep.顏色可以改變我們的心情，使我們感到高興或悲傷，精力充沛或睡眠。22.They don’t have time to study and do housework，too.他們也沒有時間來學(xué)習(xí)家務(wù)和做家務(wù)?！窘馕觥縣ave time to do sth.有時間做某事 have time =be free 有空

23.Housework is a waste of their time.做家務(wù)是在浪費(fèi)他們的時間。

【解析】a waste of 浪費(fèi) a waste of time 浪費(fèi)時間 a waste of money 浪費(fèi)金錢 waste v “浪費(fèi)”

waste time/money on sth waste time / money(in)doing sth 在做某事上花費(fèi)時間/金錢 Don’t _waste_water.Can’t you see the sign “save water”?不要浪費(fèi)水。你看不到“節(jié)約用水”的牌子嗎？ 24.They should spend their time on schoolwork in order to get good grades and get into a good university.為了取得好成績并考上一所好大學(xué)，他們應(yīng)該把時間用在學(xué)習(xí)上?！窘馕?】spend...on sth 在某事上花費(fèi)......spend/pay/cost/take 花費(fèi)

(1)spend→spent→spent v 花費(fèi),主語是人

◆ sb.+ spend +時間/錢+on sth ◆sb.+spend +時間/錢+（in）doing sth ◆spend on= pay for 支付

He spends too much time on the computer games.他花太多時間在電腦游戲上。

Remember to spend some time _with_ your loved ones, because they’re not going to be around forever.記得花些時間和你所愛的人在一起，因為他們不會永遠(yuǎn)在你身邊。My father _spent_ one hundred thousand yuan on his new car.我父親花了十萬元買他的新車

(2)pay →paid →paid v 支付，主語是人

◆sb.+ pay + 錢+for sth I pay 10 yuan for the book.— How much did you pay for this computer? 你花了多少錢買這臺電腦 — Five hundred dollars.(3)cost→ cost→ cost v 花費(fèi)，主語是某物或某事

◆sth cost sb.+錢 某物花費(fèi)某人多少錢 A new computer costs me a lot of money.I bought a new sweater last weekend.It ___cost_ me 120 yuan.上周末我買了一件新毛衣。我花了120元

(4)take→took → taken v 花費(fèi)

◆It takes /took sb.some time to do sth.做某事花費(fèi)某人多長時間 It takes him 3 hours to do his homework.他花了3個小時做作業(yè)。

【解析2】in order to “目的是；為了” 后接動詞原形。in order to do sth 為了做某事 He ran quickly in order not __to be___ late for the meeting.他跑得很快，為了不遲到。【解析3】get into =enter 進(jìn)入 【拓展】與get相關(guān)的短語：

get up 起床 get back 返回 get over 克服

get dressed穿衣 get into進(jìn)入 get/be lost丟失 get off/on下/上車 get on well with sb.與某人相處得好 get out of從…出來 get warm 變曖 get ready for +n.為…做準(zhǔn)備 get ready to do sth.準(zhǔn)備做某事 get well康復(fù) get a chance 有機(jī)會、得到機(jī)會

get/go to sleep(fall asleep)入睡 相關(guān)：(be asleep睡著)25.Also,when they get older, they will have to do housrwork so there’s no need for them to do it now.而且，當(dāng)他們長大的時候，他們也將會做家務(wù)，因此，他們沒必要現(xiàn)在在做?！窘馕觥縢et older 長大 get/ become/ go辨析：

⑴ get+adj較多地與形容詞比較級連用。The days are getting longer and longer.天變得越來越長

⑵ become 強(qiáng)調(diào)變化的結(jié)果 It's becoming colder and colder.天氣變得越來越冷。⑶go+adj.''表示令人不快的事情 go bad變壞，go blind變瞎，go hungry挨餓

26.It is the parents’ job to provide a clean and comfortable environment at home for their children.在家為孩子們提供一個干凈、舒適的環(huán)境是父母的義務(wù)。【解析】provide sth.for sb.為某人提供某物 provide v 提供

provide sb.with sth.(sb 前介詞用for)=provide sth for sb.(sth 前需加介詞with)供應(yīng)某人某物

相當(dāng)于：offer sb.sth.= offer sth to sb.provide 為應(yīng)急等做好準(zhǔn)備而“提供； 供給” provide sb.with sth.=provide sth for sb.提供某人某物

offer 側(cè)重表示“愿意給予” offer sb.sth.= offer sth to sb.對某人提供某物 offer to do sth 主動提出干某事

supply 定期“供應(yīng)” , 強(qiáng)調(diào)替代或補(bǔ)充所需物品 Supply sb.with sth=supply sth.to sb.為某人提供某物

①The Internet provides us _with__a lot of _information___we need.因特網(wǎng)給我們提供了許多我們需要的信息。

② —Could you please provide us _with___ some information about the students’ health? — Of course, it’s my pleasure.你能為我們提供一些關(guān)于學(xué)生的健康信息？當(dāng)然，這是我的榮幸。

27.And anyway, I think doing chores is not so difficult.無論如何，我認(rèn)為做家務(wù)并不那么難。

【解析】anyway 無論如何,(一般放在句首，用逗號和句子隔開）

28.I think it is important for children to learn how to do chores and help their parents with housework.我認(rèn)為對孩子們來說，學(xué)習(xí)如何做雜務(wù)并幫助他們的父母做家務(wù)是很重要的?！窘馕觥縄t is important for sb.to do sth.對某人來說做某事是重要的

29.Children these days depend on their parents too much.現(xiàn)在的孩子太依賴他們的父母。

【解析】depend on 依靠；信賴

—— Shall we go for a picnic tomorrow? —— Well, it all ___depends on____ the weather.30....Everyone should do their part in keeping it clean and tidy.每個人都有責(zé)任保持家里的干凈和整潔。

【解析1】 do one’s part 盡職責(zé)；盡本分 Do one’s part in doing sth 在做某事上盡職責(zé) 【解析2】keep +sth /sb.+adj.“使......處于某種狀態(tài)”

Her mother asked her to keep the windows __open__ and the door __closed__.她媽媽叫她把窗戶打開，關(guān)上了門

keep 系動詞 “保持” keep + adj.We must keep healthy.實義動詞 “保持；繼續(xù)”

(1)keep(on)doing sth 繼續(xù)做某事 He was in great pain but he kept on working He kept on __ talking__ after the ball rang for class.他不停地球響下課后說。(2)keep sb.Doing sth 讓某人一直做某事 I’m sorry to have kept you waiting for so long.My teacher kept me __doing___ homework all the afternoon.對不起，讓您久等了。我的老師讓我整個下午做作業(yè)。

31.Doing chores helps to develop children’s independence and teaches them how to look after themselves.做雜務(wù)不僅可以培養(yǎng)孩子們的獨(dú)立性還可以教 他們?nèi)绾握疹欁约??！窘馕觥縟evelop independence 培養(yǎng)獨(dú)立意識

develop v→development n 發(fā)展→developing adj.發(fā)展的→developed adj.發(fā)達(dá)的 a developing country 一個發(fā)展中國家a developed country 一個發(fā)達(dá)國家 China is a __developing___country.32.Since they live in one house with their parents, they should know that everyone should do their part in keeping it clean and tidy.既然他們和父母同住在一個房子里，他們應(yīng)該知道保持家里干凈、整潔每個人都應(yīng)該參與。

【解析】since conj.既然(表示對方已知的事實或理由，常放在句首）

.—You have been in Neijiang very long? —Yeah.__Since___my parents came here.你在內(nèi)江已經(jīng)有很長時間了嗎？-是的。因為我的父母來到這里。

33.Our neighbor’s son got into a good college but during his first year, he had n idea how to take care of himself.我們鄰居的兒子上一所好大學(xué)，但是在第一年的時候，他還不知道如何照顧自己。

take care of 照顧Thanks for your invitation, but I’m so sorry I can’t go.I need to ___take care of___ my baby at home.【拓展】與take相關(guān)的短語：

take photos/pictures 照像 take away拿走 take out取出(work out算出)take care當(dāng)心 take a walk散步

take medicine服藥 take place發(fā)生take one’s temperature量體溫

take one’s time別著急

34.As a result , he often fell ill and his grades dropped.結(jié)果，他常常生病，功課也落下了。

【解析1】as a result 結(jié)果（插入語，放在句首，用逗號隔開）

Don’t ask him too late into the night, __As a result___ , he is only a small child.不要太深夜問他，作為一個結(jié)果，他只是一個小孩。【解析2】fall ill 生病 fall asleep 入睡

35.The earlier kids learn to be independent , the better it is for their future.孩子們越早學(xué)會獨(dú)立，對他們的未來越好。

【解析】the + 比較級，the + 比較級 “越......越......”

The more you smile, the happieryou will feel.你笑得越多，你就會感覺到快樂。

第二篇：新人教版八年級英語下冊第三單元知識點(diǎn)

Unit3 Could you please clean your room? 一．情態(tài)動詞could 的用法

1.提出禮貌的要求 Could you please(not)do sth ?請你（做）......好嗎？

用于提出請求，希望得到對方的肯定回答，說話的語氣比較客氣委婉。Could 不是can的過去式，是委婉、禮貌的說法?；卮鹩胏an.肯定回答：Yes,sure./ Yes, I can./Of course,I can./ Certainly./No problem./ With pleasure.否定回答： Sorry , I can’t / I’m afraid I can’t.I have to …,I’m going to…(說明理由)2.表示請求許可 Could I do a sth? 我可以做......嗎？

肯定回答：Yes, you can./ Yes ,please / Of course / Certainly./ No problem.否定回答：Sorry , you can’t / I’m afraid you can’t.3.could 為can的過去式，表示過去的能力。= was / were able to

Section A 1.take out the rubbish把垃圾帶出去 2.do the dishes = wash the dishes 洗碗碟 3.fold your clothes折衣服 4.sweep the floor掃地 5.make your bed整理床鋪

6.clean the living room打掃起居室

7.do some washing/ shopping/ cleaning洗衣服/ 購物/ 做清潔 8.go out for dinner出去吃晚飯 9.go to the movies去看電影

10.stay out late/ until nine呆到很晚/ 呆到9點(diǎn)鐘 11.get a ride撘車

12.give sb a ride to town開車送sb到鎮(zhèn)上 13.need to do something需要做…… 14.have to do something不得不做…… 15.help out with a few things幫助做些事情

16.at least 至少,多指數(shù)量或程度上的最低限度。(反)at most 至多，不超過 17.finish doing something完成做……

18.two hours of TV 兩個小時的電視

表示時間、距離、金額、度量等詞語作主語時，被視作整體，謂動用單數(shù)。19.be/ come back from shopping購物回來 20.any minute/ second/ moment now隨時 21.be angry with…對……生氣 22.solve the problem解決問題

23.throw down扔下，隨手丟下。throw at 向…扔去（惡意）throw to …扔給 throw away 扔掉 24.the minute……/ as soon as… / the moment …一…….就……(引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，主將從現(xiàn))25.come over 過來，順便來訪

26.take the dog for a walk= take a walk with … 遛狗 27.reply angrily生氣地回答

28.all the time一直

all day一整天

all evening整晚 29.shout back吼回去

talk back 頂嘴 neither / nor +助動詞/be動詞/情態(tài)動詞 +主語

“某人也不”

neither兩者都不

neither …nor… 既不…也不…(就近原則)

neither of us我們兩個都不 31 in surprise驚訝地

find +賓語+ adj / n./ prep 短語

find sb.doing sth 發(fā)現(xiàn)某人做某事

find it + adj.+ to do sth 發(fā)現(xiàn)做某事很……◆find it difficult/ hard to do sth 發(fā)現(xiàn)做某事很困難 33.share the housework分擔(dān)家務(wù)

share sth with sb.和某人分享某物 34.hang out with sb 和某人一起閑逛

hang up 把......懸掛/掛起 35.pass sb sth= pass sth to sb把某物遞給某人

Pass on 傳遞

36.borrow s from sb 從某人那里借某物 37.lend sth to sb = lend sb sth 把某物借給某人

keep……for +一段時間：借…一段時間 38.hate to do / doing sth討厭做……

39.try(not)to do sth努力（不）做某事。try one’s best to do sth= do one’s best to do sth 盡某人最大努力做某事

try on 試穿

try to do sth 努力做某事 【側(cè)重盡力做】

try doing sth 試圖做某事 【側(cè)重嘗試做】

40.while conj.“在……期間； 當(dāng)……的時候”

While 引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句的謂語動詞只能是延續(xù)動詞.(進(jìn)行時)Section B 1.invite v → invitation n邀請(1)invite sb.to do sth 邀請某人做某事

(2)invite sb.to +地點(diǎn) 邀請某人去某地 2.enough stress from school來自于學(xué)校的足夠的壓力

under the stress of …在…的壓力之下 3.a waste of time浪費(fèi)時間 waste

v “浪費(fèi)”

waste time/money on sth /(in)doing sth 在。。浪費(fèi)時間/金錢 4.人：spend…… on sth

人：pay ……for sth

物 ：sth cost sb +金錢

(in)doing sth

It takes sb +時間 to do sth.5.in order(not)to do sth為了做…… 6.get into a good university進(jìn)入好大學(xué)

7.there is no need for sb to do sth 對于某人來說沒必要做……

8.provide sth.for sb.= provide sb.with sth.為某人提供某物（為應(yīng)急等做好準(zhǔn)備而“提 供； 供給”）

offer sb.sth.= offer sth to sb.側(cè)重表示“愿意給予”

offer to do sth 主動提出干某事 Supply sb.with sth=supply sth.to sb.定期 “ 供應(yīng) ” , 強(qiáng)調(diào)替代或補(bǔ)充所需物品

9.depend on …依靠……依賴，由…而決定

10.develop children’s independence 養(yǎng)成孩子的獨(dú)立（習(xí)慣）→development → developed / developing 11.the idea of fairness公平意識

12.have no idea = don’t know 不知道 13.fall ill生病

14.grades drop成績下降

15.as a result因此，結(jié)果

as a result of …由于……作為……的結(jié)果

16.It’s fair/ unfair for sb to do sth 對于某人來說，做……是（不）公平的。17.get something to drink買飲料 18.be careful with… 小心對待…… 19.a few other things另處幾件事

20.Do one’s part(in)doing sth.盡自己的職責(zé)做某事 21.the earlier...the better…越早……越好…….【模擬試題】

一、英漢互譯。

1.play with ___________

2.have a test ___________ 3.do chores ___________

4.take out ___________ 5.make the bed ___________

6.sweep the floor ___________ 7.從……借___________

8.遛狗___________ 9.生氣___________

10.照顧___________ 11.邀請某人到……___________

12.忙于/從事___________ 13.洗餐具_(dá)__________

14.做飯___________

二、根據(jù)要求答題。

1.Could you help me clean the living room?（作肯定回答）_____________, ____________________.2.Thanks for taking care of my dog.（變同義句）_________________ for ________________ my dog.3.Remember to clean the bed.（改為同義句）________ ________ to clean the door.4.Can you lend your pen to me?（改為同義句）Can ________ ________ your pen? 5.I like to wash the plates because it’s relaxing.（就劃線部分提問）________ ________ you ________ to wash the plates?

三、用could, can, may, must, needn’t填空。

1.A: ________ you answer the question in English?

B: Sorry, I ________.________ I answer it in English?

A: No, you ________.You ________ answer it in Chinese.2.A: ________ I ask a question? B: Yes, you ________.But you ________ wait, a minute.3.A: ________ I use your eraser, Bill? B: Sorry.I don’t have one.Ask Mary.She _________ have one.4.A: ________ you help me do the shopping.B: OK, Sure.5.A: ________ you sweep the floor? B: But I ________ finish my homework first.四、單項填空。

1.—What a dirty room!You shouldn’t throw your waste things everywhere.-Oh, I am sorry, I am going to ________ and put them in the waste box.A.fold my clothes B.take out the trash C.watch TV 2.—Could you please go to the movies with me tonight? —Sorry, my mother is ill in bed, and I have to ______ her.A.take care of B.take a walk with C.take over 3.Don’t _________ the dog.it’s dangerous, it’ll bite you.A.play with B.play C.play for 4.—Jim, come out.Let’s go to play football.—Sorry.I’m _______ a maths problem.A.working out B.working on C.working for 5.—Mum, Could I go shopping with you? —Yes, ________ But you have to finish your homework first.A.you can B.you could C.you can’t 6.My mother often ________ my little sister _________ of the house and plays with her in the garden.A.take…out B.takes…out C.takes … to 7.I _________ doing the dishes because it’s boring.A.hates B.hate C.like 8.I _________ some money from him, but I’ll _______ it to him in a few days.A.borrow, return B.lend, borrow C.borrow, keep 9.________ the young trees is our duty.A.Taking good care of B.Take good care of C.Takes good care of

第三篇：英語八年級下冊第三單元知識點(diǎn)總結(jié)

Unit 3.Could you please clean your room?

一、短語動詞

1、take out 帶出去；取出；拔出；除掉 動副詞組

代詞作賓語時必須放在兩詞之間。

2、come over 固定短語

過來，順便來訪，拜訪。后面加介詞to，后接表示地點(diǎn)的名詞作賓語。拓展：take out of 把---從---取出/帶出

3、hang →hung→hung

hang out 閑逛；溜達(dá)。

4、throw down扔下；隨手丟下

其中throw可用作及物或不及物動詞，意為扔，擲→threw→thrown 拓展：throw at向----扔去（帶有攻擊性）throw to 扔給---（不含惡意）throw away扔掉 SectionB

1、take care of 照顧；照料。相當(dāng)于 look after后可接名詞、(反身）代詞作賓語。Take good care of相當(dāng)于look after well

2、二、動詞用法

1、finish 及物動詞 完成后跟名詞、代詞或動詞ing形式作賓語。拓展：與finish一樣用法的動詞或動詞短語有：enjoy/look forward to/mind/have fun/practice/be busy/consider/feel like/give up

2、pass用作及物動詞

給；遞； pass sb sth =pass sth to sb把某物遞給某人。

走過、通過（考試等）

作不及物動詞，（時間）過去，流逝

3、borrow sth from sb向某人借某物。

非延續(xù)性動詞

Lend(lent;lent)sb sth=lend sth to sb借給某人某物。非延續(xù)性動詞

Keep 由“保存”引申為“借”，延續(xù)性動詞，可與時間段連用。四川-----Excuse me,can I_____your pen?-----sorry,I have_____it to Bob.A.borrow;lend B.borrow;borrowed C.lend;borrowed D.lend;lent

4、hate及物動詞

厭惡；討厭，表示一種感情或心理狀態(tài)，不能用于進(jìn)行時態(tài)。

Hate sb/sth不喜歡某人或某物

Hate to do/doing sth 厭惡做某事（某一次或經(jīng)常性的）相當(dāng)于like的用法。

SectionB

1、invite及物動詞

邀請

名詞invitation 邀請；請?zhí)?/p>

Invite sb to +地點(diǎn)名詞。邀請某人到某地。

Invite sb to do sth 邀請某人做某事。

2、make sb do sth 讓某人做某事。

3、動詞辨析：

單詞

主語

常用結(jié)構(gòu)

含義 Spend(spent)

人

sb spend time/money on sth

Sb spend time/money doing sth Pay(paid)

人

sb pay money for sth Cost(cost)

物

sth cost sb some money Take(took)

it作形式主語 it takes sb some time to do sth 四川：-----I_________a lot of time palying computer games everyday.----oh,boy.it’s bad for your eyes.A.spend B.takes C.pay

4、provide sth for sb =provide sb with sth給某人提供某物

Offer sb sth =offer sth to sb主動給某人提供某物

Offer to do sth 主動提出做某事。

5、depend on依靠；依賴 independent獨(dú)立的 independence獨(dú)立性

6、develop作及物動詞或不及物動詞

發(fā)展；壯大。Development發(fā)展。

Developed/developing 前者是發(fā)達(dá)的后者是發(fā)展中的。

7、Have no idea 相當(dāng)于don't know

不知道、drop（dropped）→dropping

（1）drop意為“丟失或落下”時，既可以作及物動詞，也可以作不及物動詞。如：

She was scared and dropped the cup.她嚇壞了，丟落了茶杯。

The glass dropped from her hand.玻璃從她的手中掉了下來。

（2）drop作動詞還有“（價格）下降；放棄”的意思，如：

The price of the rice has dropped.大米的價格已經(jīng)降下來了。

Don't drop math.別放棄數(shù)學(xué)。

（3）drop也可作名詞，表示“滴”，如：

A drop of rain fell on my face.一滴雨落在我的臉上。

（4）drop還可指“下跌；落下的距離”，如：

There was a sudden drop in the temperature yesterday.昨天氣溫大幅下降。

拓展：drop behind 落后 drop in/by偶然拜訪

eye drops 眼藥水 a drop in the ocean滄海一粟

Drop out of school輟學(xué)

三、名詞

1、rubbish 不可數(shù)名詞

垃圾，廢棄物

2、mess名詞

雜亂；不整潔。常用短語：in a mess 亂七八糟

3、chores

家務(wù)

可數(shù)名詞

Housework（homework）家務(wù)

不可數(shù)名詞 SectionB

1、stress不可數(shù)名詞，精神壓力；心理負(fù)擔(dān)。

Under the stress of 在---壓力之下。

2、waste 名詞

浪費(fèi)

a waste of time 浪費(fèi)時間

不可數(shù)名詞

廢物；垃圾；浪費(fèi)

作形容詞

無用的；廢棄的；丟棄的。

作及物動詞

浪費(fèi)

四、形容詞

五、副詞

SectionB

1、anyway 副詞

而且；加之。

The coat is too expensive and anyway I don’t like the color.還可意為“不管怎樣，無論如何，即使這樣。

Anyway ,it’s worth trying.The water was cold but he took a shower anyway.六、介詞短語

1、in front of在---面前；是指在一定范圍外。

in the front of 在----前部，是指在一定范圍內(nèi)。廣東中考----why are you standing,Alice?-----I can’t see the blackboard clearly.two tall boys are sitting_________me.A.behind B.next to C.between D.in front of

2、in surprise 驚訝地；驚奇地，常用作狀語。

拓展：to one’s surprise 使某人吃驚的是，常放在句首，作狀語。

sectionB

1、in order to目的是；為了 后接動詞原形，引導(dǎo)目的狀語。位置可放在句首，也可放在句中。否定為：in order not to do.In order that 后面接從句，表示目的，從句中常含有情態(tài)動詞。廣東：in order _______for the meeting,my sister forced herself to get up early this morning.A.not to be late B.not being late C.to be late D.being late

3、as a result 結(jié)果；因此

拓展：as a result of 由于----；作為------的結(jié)果。

七、連詞

1、the minute意為“一----就----”引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，其后省略了引導(dǎo)詞that相當(dāng)于the moment或as soon as（通常情況下主從句時態(tài)要一致。但若主句用一般將來時，從句則要用一般現(xiàn)在時表將來。）哈爾濱：boys and girls,calm down and focus on the test paper____you begin to think about the answers.Be confident.you can do it.A.as if B.as soon as C.although

2、?when是at or during the time that, 既指時間點(diǎn)，也可指一段時間； while是during the time that，只指一段時間，因此when引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句中的動詞可以是終止性動詞，也可以是延續(xù)性動詞，而while從句中的動詞必須是延續(xù)性動詞。

②when 說明從句的動作和主句的動作可以是同時，也可以是先后發(fā)生；while 則強(qiáng)調(diào)主句的動作在從句動作的發(fā)生的過程中或主從句兩個動作同時發(fā)生。

③由when引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句，主句用過去進(jìn)行時，從句應(yīng)用一般過去時；如果從句和主句的動作同時發(fā)生，兩句都用過去進(jìn)行時的時候，多用while引導(dǎo)，如： a.When the teacher came in, we were talking.當(dāng)此句改變主從句的位置時，則為：

While we were talking, the teacher came in.b.They were singing while we were dancing.SectionB

1、since 由于；因為；既然，引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句，通常放在句首。

還可引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，自---以來。一般用在完成時當(dāng)中。

八、特殊句型

1、as---as---與---一樣，用于同級比較。第一個as為副詞，后跟形容詞或副詞的原級；第二個為連詞，引導(dǎo)比較狀語從句。

否定形式：not as/so---as---,不如----

2、neither+連系動詞be/助動詞/情態(tài)動詞+主語

----也不。

這是一個倒裝句，表示上句否定的情況也同樣適合后者。

So+連系動詞be/助動詞/情態(tài)動詞+主語

----也是。

這是一個倒裝句，表示上句肯定的情況也同樣適合后者。

拓展：neither+主語+連系動詞be/助動詞/情態(tài)動詞

----的確不是這樣。（表示說話者同意上文中說話者的否定觀點(diǎn)。）

So+主語+連系動詞be/助動詞/情態(tài)動詞

-----的確是這樣。

表示說話者同意上述說話者說出的觀點(diǎn)。

福建----last night I didn't watch the TV show。A Bite of China 2

-----_______did I.I was preparing for today’s test then.A.So B.Either C.Neither SectionB

1、do one’s part in(doing)sth 盡某人的職責(zé)做某事。

2、The+比較級，the+比較級

表示越----，就越-----

比較級+比較級

表示越來越------貴州：__________children there are in a family,________their life will be.A.the less;the better B.The fewer;the better C.Fewer;richer D.More;poorer

九、語法專項 1.can 的用法：

（1）.表示能力、許可、可能性。表示能力時一般譯為“能、會”，即有種能力，尤其是生來具備的能力，此時may 和must 均不可代替它。如：She can swim fast, but I can’t.她能游得很快，但我不能。I can see with my eyes.我用眼睛看。

（2）.表示許可，常在口語中。如：You can use my dictionary.你可以用我的字典。

（3）.表示推測，意為“可能”，常用于否定句和疑問句中，此時can’t 譯為“ 不可能”?！狢an it be our teacher?那個人有可能是我們老師嗎？—No, it can’t be our teacher.He is on a visit to the Great Wall.不可能。咱們老師正在游覽長城呢。2.could的用法：

（1）.can的過去式，意為“ 能、會”，表示過去的能力。如：He could write poems when he was 10.他十歲時就會寫詩。

（2）.could在疑問句中，表示委婉的語氣，此時 could 沒有過去式的意思。如:Could you do me a favour? 你能幫我個忙嗎？—Could I use your pen? 我能用一下你的鋼筆嗎? —Yes, you can.可以。（注意回答）

?—________ you pass me a pen? I’d like to write down the phone number.—Sure.Here it is.A.Can B.Need C.Might D.Must ?The man in the office___be Mr.Black, because he went home just now.A.mustn’t B.may not C.can’t D.needn’t —___ I take the newspaper away? —No, you mustn't.You____read it only here.A.Must;can B.May;can C.Need;must D.Must;must

第四篇：新版八年級英語下冊第四單元知識點(diǎn)歸納

新版八年級英語下冊第四單元知識點(diǎn)歸納

Unit 4 Why don’t you talk to your parents?

Why don’t you talk to your parents? 你為什么不和你打父母談?wù)勀兀?【解析】Why don't you do sth ?= Why not do sth? 為什么不......呢？ 【拓展】用于提建議的句型有：

(1)What about doing sth ?=How about doing sth? ….怎么樣？(2)Why don’t you do sth?= Why not do sth? 為什么不呢？(3)Let’s do sth.讓我們一起做某事吧。(4)Shall we/I do sth?我們做…好嗎？(5)had better do/not do sth 最好做/不做某事(6)Will/Would you please do sth 請你做…好嗎？(7)Would you like to do sth? 你想去做某事嗎？(8)Would you mind doing sth？你介意做某事嗎？ 【回答】

(1).同意對方的建議時，一般用：

◆ Good idea./ That’s good idea.好主意 ◆OK/ All right./ Great 好/ 行/太好了

◆ Yes, please./ I’d love to 是的/ 我愿意

◆ I agree with you 我同意你的看法

◆ No problem 沒問題

◆Sure/ Of course/ Certainly 當(dāng)然可以

◆Yes, I think so 對，我也這樣想

(2).對對方的幫助或要求表示委婉謝絕時，一般用：

◆ I don’t think so 我認(rèn)為不是這樣

◆Sorry, I can’t 對不起，我不能

◆I’d love to, but…

◆ I’m afraid…我愿意，但恐怕……

I have to study too much so I don’t get enough sleep.我要學(xué)的太多，因此我睡眠不足?！窘馕?】(1)too many + 復(fù)數(shù)名詞 許多 too many people(2)too much +不可數(shù)名詞 許多 too much homework(3)much too +形容詞 太… much too cold 【解析2】so conj.因此(表示因果關(guān)系，后面跟表示結(jié)果的句子，不與because同時使用）

My parents don’t allow me to hang out with my friends.我的父母不允許我和我的朋友們出去閑逛。

【解析】allow sb.to do sth 允許某人做某事 【拓展】allow v 允許

allow doing sth 允許做某事 They don’t allow smoking.allow sb.to do sth 允許某人做某事My mother allows me to watch TV.be allowed to do sth 被允許做某事

①We don’t allow ___________(smoke)in the reading room.②Our teacher allows us ____________(go)out for a walk.③The boy should be allowed____(play)after supper.④We won’t allow ________in the cinema.But you are allowed ______in the rest room.(smoke)⑤Teenagers should ___________(allow)to choose their own clothes.【拓展】allow與let的辨析：

allow指―允許‖，表示―默許，聽任，不加阻止‖，allow sb to do sth允許某人做某事。

Let指―讓‖，let sb do sth讓某人做某事，語意較弱，多用于口語中，let不能用于被動語態(tài)。4.What’s wrong? 怎么啦？

【解析】What’s wrong(with sb./ sth)（某人/物）怎么了？

I’m really tried because I studied until midnight last night.我真的很累，因為我昨天晚上一直學(xué)習(xí)到半夜?！窘馕觥縰ntil 直到......時

Why don’t you go to sleep earlier this evening?今天晚上你為什么不早點(diǎn)睡覺呢？ 【解析】go to sleep 去睡覺(強(qiáng)調(diào)―入睡，睡著‖這一動作）7.You look sad, Kim.金，你看起來很傷心?！窘馕觥縧ook 看起來（系動詞，后跟形容詞作賓語）【【拓展】：系動詞：后跟adj.作表語

一是：（be）am /is /are be quiet=keep quiet 保持安靜

二保持：stay/keep（表示持續(xù)狀態(tài)）stay healthy=keep healthy 保持健康 三變化：become/get/turn（表示狀態(tài)變化）五起來：sound/look/smell/taste/feel（表示感覺）

()Jack usually gets ______ when he speaks in public.A.happily B.exciting C.worried D.tired()Tom’s father looks very _____.But he is very kind.A.seriously B.serious C.friendly You ____ call him up.你____ 給他打電話。

【解析】call up(v + adv)call on 拜訪；號召 I call up my parents every Sunday.9.Well, I found my sister looking through my things yesterday.哦，昨天我發(fā)現(xiàn)我妹妹翻了我的東西。

【解析1】find sb.doing sth 發(fā)現(xiàn)某人正在做某事Mr.Wang found Li Dong reading a storybook in the class.類似動詞：hear，watch, see, feel 【解析2】look through 瀏覽 【拓展】與look相關(guān)的短語：

look for look after=take care of look like look the same look over look through look out look up look around look forward to 10.Yes, but I’m still angry with her.是的，但是我仍然很生她的氣?！窘馕觥縝e angry with sb.生某人的氣

【拓展】angry adj.生氣的→ angrily adv.生氣地

(1)be angry with sb.=be mad at sb.對某人生氣【with后接人】(2)be angry at/about sth對某事感到生氣 【at后接事】(3)be angry to do sth 做某事感到生氣

【記】 My father was very __________(對……生氣)his computer.He hit the computer _______(angry)()— Why are you unhappy, Kate? — I didn’t finish my homework again.I’m afraid Miss Gao will be ___ me.A.angry with B.friendly to C.proud of()I was very angry ____ myself ___ making such as a stupid mistakes.A.at;at B.with;for C.at;with D.with;at 11.Although she’s wrong, It’s not a big deal.盡管她錯了，但也不是什么大錯?！窘馕?】although= though 盡管 , 用來引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。【注】though / although 不能與but連用 【拓展】although/however辨析

⑴although conj，―雖然；即使；縱然‖，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時放在主句前后都可。Although he is very old, yet he is quite strong.他雖然年紀(jì)大了，但身體還很健壯。⑵ however adv，在句中作插入語，起一個連詞的作用，一般用逗號與句子分開，可以放在句首或句中，意為―然而，盡管如此‖。

It’s raining hard, However, I think we should go out.雨下的很大。盡管如此，我認(rèn)為我們還應(yīng)該出去。

【解析2】It’s not a big deal.沒什么大不了；不是什么大事（常用于口語中）You left your homework at home.你把作業(yè)忘在家里了。

【解析】leave v 遺忘，留下 leave sth.somewhere把某物忘在某地 leave sb.by oneself 把某人單獨(dú)留下

12.Hope things work out.希望事情順利解決?！窘馕?】hope v 希望

hope to do sth I hope to visit Guilin.hope + that 從句（表示希望）I hope that you’ll be better soon wish v 希望 wish to do sth I wish to visit Guilin.wish sb.to do sth 希望某人做某事 I wish you to go.wish +that 從句 表示愿望，從句用虛擬語氣 I wish I were you.【解析2】work out 解決；成功地發(fā)展，后跟fine,well, badly等詞，表明產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果如何。

13.My problem is I can’t get on with my favorite.我的問題是我不能喝我的家人和睦相處?！窘馕觥縢et on with sb.和某人和睦相處；和某人關(guān)系良好 =get along with get on well/ badly with 相處的好/壞

14.When they argue, it’s like a big, black cloud hanging over our home.當(dāng)他們爭吵的時候，就像有一大團(tuán)烏云籠罩在我們家?！窘馕?】argue 爭吵

→argument n 爭論 have an argument with sb.與某人辯論

argue with sb.與某人爭吵 argue with sb.about sth 為某事與某人爭吵 argue about sth 爭論某事

argue against 爭辯；反對 He argued against the plan 【解析2】 hang over 掛在......之上； 懸浮在......之上 hang out 閑逛；常去某處 He likes reading and he often hangs out in the bookshop.hang on to 緊緊抓住 You’d better hang on to me in the crowd.hang up 掛電話；懸掛 After she finished her conversation 15.Also, my elder brother is not very nice to me.【解析】elder adj.年紀(jì)較長的 His elder brother is ill.elder 用來表示兄弟姐妹及子女之間的長幼關(guān)系，常用作定語

older 泛指新舊、老幼或年齡的大小關(guān)系，可以用作表語，是old的比較級形式。【記】 My ______brother is 7 years older than my younger sister.【解析2】be nice to sb.對某人友好 be friendly to sb.be good to sb.16.He always refuses to let me watch my favorite TV show.他總是拒絕讓我看我最喜歡的電視節(jié)目。

【解析】refuse =say no to v拒絕 refuse to do sth拒絕去做某事 ①The boy refused __________(go)to see his father with us.()②He refused when I asked him for help.A.said yes B.said no C.said hello 17.Instead he watches whatever he wants until late at night.相反，他卻想看什么酒看什么，一直到深夜?！窘馕?】 instead 代替，反而，替

(1)instead 副詞，代替，常放在句首或句尾,表示前面的事情沒做，而做了后面的事情。Lee was ill so I went instead.李病了，所以我去了。(2)instead of +n/doing 代替，而不是，放在句中

instead of 為介詞短語，后面一般接名詞、代詞、介詞短語或動名詞形式。

She wrote to him instead of calling him.=She didn’t call him.She wrote to him instead.她沒有給他打電話，而是給他寫了封信。

Health is very important to us.We should eat more vegetables and fruit _____ rich food.A.instead B.instead of C.because of D.because 【解析2】 whatever = no matter what 任何，每一

18.If your parents are having problems, you should offer to help.如果你的父母有問題，你應(yīng)該主動提供幫助。

【解析】 offer to do sth 主動提出做某事 【拓展】offer v 主動給予(1)offer to do sth 主動提出做某事

(2)offer sb.sth= offer sth to sb.主動提供給某人某物

()The little boy _____ his seat to the old lady on the crowded bus.A.offered B.brought C.lent D.took 19.Secondly,why don’t you sit down and communicate with your brother? 其次，你為什么不能坐下來和你的哥哥交流一下呢？ 【解析1】secondly adv.第二；其次

【解析2】communicate v交流 communication n 交流；溝通communicate with sb.和某人交流

They communicate with each other by QQ.()They can’t understand each other so they have difficulty in _____.A.communicate B.communicated C.communicating 20.You should explain that you don’t mind him watching TV all the time.你應(yīng)該跟他解釋說你并不介意他一直看電視。

【解析】explain 解釋；說明 → explanation n 解釋；說明

explain sth to sb.向某人解釋某事。explain to sb sth給某人解釋某事 21.I’m worried about my school grades.我很膽小我的學(xué)習(xí)成績。【解析】 be worried about sth.擔(dān)心某事

【拓展】worry v 擔(dān)心 → worried adj.焦急的 worry about = be worried about 為…擔(dān)心 ①Don’t be _________(worry).You’ll catch up with others.()② Don’t ____ about things so much.It will make you stressed out.afraid B.worry C.worried D.Terrified 22.My cousin borrows my things without returning them.我堂弟借我東西沒有還我?！窘馕觥縭eturn ⑴v 歸還=give back return...to...= give back to...把......還給......⑵ v 回來；返回 = come back 23.My parents give me a lot of presure about school.我父母在學(xué)習(xí)上給了我很多壓力。【解析】press v 按；壓 →pressure壓力

⑴不可數(shù)名詞（物理學(xué)）壓力air pressure 氣壓 blood pressure 血壓

⑵不可數(shù)名詞 還可指精神上、外界施加的壓力 = stress under pressure 在壓力下 24.I have to compete with my classmates at school.在學(xué)校我不得不和我的同學(xué)們競爭?！窘馕觥縞ompete v競爭；對抗 → competition n 競爭

compete with sb.和某人競爭compete against/ with 與……競爭compete for 為……參加比賽

We are ready for the coming ________________(compete).25.You should all be ___ each other to improve.你們都應(yīng)該互相____ 而全面發(fā)展?！窘馕觥縤mprove =make...better 改進(jìn) →improvement n 提高

26.Who gives their opinions about the problem? 對于這個問題都有誰提出了他們自己的觀點(diǎn)。

【解析】opinion n 意見；想法；看法 in one’s opinion 以某人的觀點(diǎn)；在某人看來 give opinions about sth.給出關(guān)于某事的觀點(diǎn)。

27.These days , Chinese children are sometimes busier on weekends than weekdays because they have to take so many after-school classes.目前，中國的孩子有時周末比平常還要忙，因為他們不得不上那么多的課后輔導(dǎo)班?！窘馕觥縮ome time /sometime/some times/sometimes 【口訣】：分開是一段，合起是某時； 分開s 是倍次，合起s是有時

(1)some time一段時間，做時間狀語 It takes sb.some time to do sth.做某事花費(fèi)某人多長時間

(2)sometime adv 在某個時候，(3)some times 名詞詞組，―幾次，幾倍‖ Mr.Green went to Sanya some times last summer.(4)sometimes=at times 有時（一般現(xiàn)在時的標(biāo)志詞）()I hope to visit the USA _____ in the future.A.sometimes B.some times C.sometime D.some time 28.Others are practicing sports so that they can compete and win.其他人正在練習(xí)體育運(yùn)動，這樣他們就能參與競爭并獲勝。

【解析】 others pron.―其他的人或事物‖There are other ways of doing it.做這事還有其他的辦法。

()My sister is outgoing.She likes making friends with ____.A.other B.another C.the other D.others 29.The Taylors are a typical American family.泰勒一家是一個典型的美國之家。

【解析1】The Taylors 泰勒一家。在姓氏的復(fù)數(shù)前加冠詞the表示―全家人或夫妻兩人‖，使用時注意主語和謂語保持一致。The Blacks are getting ready for the holiday.【解析】typical 典型的 be typical of ―是……的特點(diǎn)‖

30..Maybe I could cut out a few of their activities, but I believe these activities are important for my children’s future.或許我可以減少他們的一些活動，但是我相信這些活動對孩子們的未來很重要?！窘馕觥縞ut out 刪除；刪去(v+adv)You’d better cut out that sentence.cut up 切碎 cut down 砍到 cut in 插隊 cut off 切斷（水、電）供應(yīng)

()Don’t ___ when others talk;it’s impolite.A.cut out B.cut in C.cut down D.cut off 31.I really want them to be successful.我真的很想他們成功。

【解析】successful 成功的【拓展】 succeed v 成功，達(dá)到 →success n 成功 →successful adj 成功的→successfully adv成功地 ◆succeed in doing sth ①If at first you don’t ____________(success).try, try again.()② She works very hard ,so she will ____ in ____ the exam.A.successful;pass B.success;passing C.succeed;passing D.successful;passing 32.It’s time for homework.該寫作業(yè)了。

【解析】It’s time for sth 是到做某事的時候了。It’s time for lunch.It’s time to do sth It’s time to go to school.()It’s 9:30 pm., children!_____ is time to go to bed.A.That B.It C.This D.They In some families, competition starts very young and continues until the kids get older.在有些家庭，競爭從孩子們很小的時候就開始了，一直持續(xù)到他們長大?！窘馕觥縞ontinue 繼續(xù)；持續(xù)

【拓展】continue doing sth =go on doing sth 繼續(xù)做某事(前后做同一件事)continue to do sth = go on to do sth 繼續(xù)做某事（前后不是同一件事）①Let’s continue____________(read)the text.②Many students hope to continue ________(study)after _______(finish)school.（）③ The two teams continued _____ the game after half an hour.A.play B.to play C.playing D.played 【拓展】continue，go on, last辨析

⑴continue v.繼續(xù)，持續(xù)，指進(jìn)程在時間或空間上的延續(xù)，強(qiáng)調(diào)持續(xù)不斷，有時也可以指短暫停止后繼續(xù)進(jìn)行。

He continue the work for two days.他連續(xù)兩天都在做這項工作。⑵ go on指無間歇或有間歇地繼續(xù)，或以某種特定方式繼續(xù)。go on to do sth繼續(xù)做某事，指開始做另外一件事； go on doing sth繼續(xù)做原來所做的事情。

After doing his homework, he went on to preview his lessons.做完家庭作業(yè)之后，他繼續(xù)去預(yù)習(xí)他的研究。

⑶last v.持續(xù)，延續(xù)，維持，指某事物繼續(xù)存在或某種現(xiàn)象在時間上延續(xù)，說明某一動作要延續(xù)一段時間。

She won’t last long in that job.那個工作她做不了多久。

34.Mothers send their small kids to all kinds of classes.媽媽們把她們的小孩子送去各種各樣的輔導(dǎo)班。

【解析1】send→ sent → sent v 發(fā)送

【短語】： send away 趕走 send for 派人去請

send off 寄出 send out 分發(fā) send up 發(fā)射send sb.sth = send sth to sb.送給某人某物

【注】類似的動詞有：show(展示； 給……看)give(給)lend(借出)offer（提供）return（歸還）tell（告訴）

()① You fill in both parts of the form, then_____.A.send up it B.send for it C.send it away D.send it off()Please send a photo of your family ____ me.A.for B.at C.to D.with 【解析2】all kinds of 各種各樣的【拓展】kind(1)n 種類

kind of +adj.有點(diǎn)，有幾分，kind of cold 有點(diǎn)冷 a kind of 一種的，某種的 all kinds of 各種各樣的

different kinds of 不同種類的 What kind of…?那種

(2)adj.友好的 be kind to sb.= be good to sb.=be friendly to sb.對某人友好 【辨析】kind of 與kinds of: ○1kind of 單獨(dú)用，表示―有點(diǎn)‖，后接形容詞或副詞： He is kind of thin.‖他有點(diǎn)瘦‖ I feel kind of hungry.‖我有點(diǎn)餓‖

Uncle Wang speaks kind of quickly.王叔叔說得有點(diǎn)快。

○2若kind of前有a, this, that, what等，譯為―種，種類‖ 后加名詞。

That kind of question is difficult to answer.那類問題難回答。What kind of sport do you like best? 你最喜歡何種運(yùn)動？

()①This kind of skirt looks ___ and sells _____.A.nice;well B.nice;good C.well;well D.good;nice()②—What ____ animals do you like? — Monkeys.I think they’re _____ clever.A.kind of;kind of B.a kind of;a kind of C.kind of;a kind D.a kind of;kind of()③ — It’s going to rain.Let me fetch an umbrella for you.— Thank you!You are so ____.A.lucky B.kind C.relaxed D.Interesting 【2013浙江臺州】17.—I want to see the movie Iron Man 3(《鋼鐵3》).Do you know the ______ of the ticket? —Yes.Five dollars.A.number B.price C.kind D.name 35..Kids should have time to relax and think for themselves, too.孩子們也應(yīng)該有時間放松和獨(dú)立思考。

【解析】have time to do sth 有時間做某事

36.And they are always comparing them with other children.她們總是把自己的孩子和其他的孩子作比較。

【解析】compare A with B 將A和B 比較

(1)compare…with… 把……與…..做比較

(2)compare…to… 把…..比做……

()①.People often compare a teacher a candle.A.to B.into C.as D.with()②.It’s necessary English Chinese in English study.A.compare;to B.to compare;with C.comparing;to D.to compare;into 【2011四川廣元】— Why are most children under too much pressure ? — Because their parents always compare them ___ others.A.With B.by C.to 37.Doctors say too much pressure is not good for a child’s development.醫(yī)生說太多的壓力不利于孩子們的發(fā)展。

【解析1】be good for 對......有好處

【拓展】good(better;best)adj.好的 → goodness n 好處；善行 ；美德

be good for 對….有益處（反）be bad for對…有害處 be good at +n/doing=do well in +n/doing 擅長于做某事 be good to sb.=be kind to =be friendly to sb.對某人友好

【記】The boy is good ______me.He is good ______English , and he tells me oral practice is good ______improve spoken English.38.Dr.Alice Green says all these activities can cause a lot of stress for children.愛麗絲.格林醫(yī)生說所有的這些活動可能給孩子們帶來很多壓力。【解析】 cause v.造成，使發(fā)生

(1)cause sb.to do sth 使某人做某事(2)cause sb.for sb.給某人添麻煩()①She always ___ trouble ___ people.A.cause;to B.cause;for C.causing;to D.causing;for()②Every year driving after drinking wine ____ a lot of traffic accidents.A.happens B.provides C.causes 【拓展】 cause, reason, excuse辨析

⑴cause n.原因，指引起某種結(jié)果的―原因‖，后接介詞of.The cause of the accident was the fact that he was driving too fast.事故的原因是他開車開的太快。

⑵reason n.理由，原因，指決定做某事或采取某項行動的理由。

The reason he was driving so fast was that he didn’t want to miss an important meeting.他開車如此快的原因是他不想錯過一個重要的會議。

⑶excuse n.辯解，借口，指對某種行為所做的解釋，可以是真的，也可以是托詞。He made a good excuse for his driving.他為自己開快車找了一個堂皇的借口。()What ___ the flowers to die? A.made B.had C.caused D.get()Do you often ___ trouble ____ your parents? A.get;into B.pay;for C.cause;for D.give;to 39..In my opinion, it is important for children/ parents to...我認(rèn)為，對于孩子們/父母來說，......是重要的。

【解析】in one’s opinion 以某人的觀點(diǎn)； 在某人看來

40.Perhaps children/ parents should / could......或許孩子們/父母應(yīng)該/ 可能.......【解析】perhaps 也許；可能

【拓展】perhaps，probably，possibly，maybe辨析 ⑴perhaps意為―也許，可能‖，一般指比較小的可能性。

Perhaps I will see him the day after tomorrow, but I am not sure.也許我后天去看他，不過我不能確定。

⑵probably―很可能，大概‖，其可能性最大，表示一種幾乎完全肯定的意思。He will probably refuse the offer.他很可能會拒絕這份提議。⑶possibly意為―可能，或許，也許‖，可能性較大。

I’ll see you today, or possibly tomorrow.我今天要見你，不過也可能是明天。⑷maybe―或許，大概‖，主要用于非正式場合，常用在口語中，語氣比perhaps輕。Maybe you put the letter in your basket.或許你把信放在你的籃子里了。41.It’s crazy.這是瘋狂的。

【解析】crazy.adj.不理智的；瘋狂的(在句中作定語、表語、賓語補(bǔ)足語)be crazy about 對……著迷；熱衷于…… I’m crazy about football.42.Does Cathy Taylor think it’s important for kids to join after-school activities? 凱西.泰勒認(rèn)為對于孩子們而言參加課文活動重要嗎？

【解析】It’s + adj.(easy,difficult,important,necessary)+(for sb.)to do sth

【注】若形容詞表示事物特征的，如：easy ,difficult, hard ,important等，須用介詞for 【形容物，用for】

It’s +adj(kind, honest, friendly,)+(of sb)to do sth.【注】 若形容詞表示人的性格、品質(zhì)與特點(diǎn)，如：good ,kind ,nice, wrong等，用介詞of。【形容人用of】

【2012山東東營】It’s very convenient ___ us to buy train tickets now because we can buy them either from the station or on the Internet.A.to B.of C.by D.for ① It’s important for us _______(learn)English well.②It’s hard for us ____________(finish)this task in two days.()③ It’s very nice ____ you to help me a lot.A.for B.of C.in D.on()④ –It’s very ___ of you to work out the problem for me.A.kind B.polite C.clever D.easy 43.keep on happening 持續(xù)發(fā)生

【解析】keep on doing 繼續(xù)做某事 keep sb.doing sth 讓某人一直做某事 keep up with 跟上

keep sb.from doing sth阻止某人做某事 keep away from避開 Mr.Li kept _________(work)here for nearly 30 years.二、重點(diǎn)語法 1.情態(tài)動詞should與could的用法 should的用法

should為情態(tài)動詞，表示勸告、建議，意為―應(yīng)該‖，它和其他情態(tài)動詞一樣，沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化，后接動詞原形，其否定形式為shouldn’t。

Maybe she should say sorry to you.也許她應(yīng)該跟你說聲對不起。could的用法

情態(tài)動詞could既是can的過去式，表示過去的能力，又可以表示謹(jǐn)慎、客氣的建議，后接動詞原形，其否定形式為couldn’t。

My grandfather could drive well even at the age of eighty.我的祖父甚至到了80歲任然能很好地駕車。

You could go out and buy her some medicine.你可以出去給他買些藥。

()The girl_____ read before she went to school.A.Could B.Couldn’t C.Should D.May 2.狀語從句

狀語從句就是在句子中作狀語的從句。狀語從句有好幾種，如時間狀語從句、原因狀語從句、條件狀語從句、結(jié)果狀語從句、目的狀語從句等。本單元重點(diǎn)講述以下三種類型的狀語從句。

1).until引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句

until意為―直到；在........之前‖。注意until和not.....until在用法上的區(qū)別。Until：在帶有till或until引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句里

如果主句用肯定式，其含義是―一直到……時‖，謂語動詞只能用延續(xù)性動詞。如果主句用否定式，其含義是―直到……才……‖, 謂語動詞可用瞬間動詞。

The young man read till the light went out.Let’s wait until the rain stops.We won’t start until Bob come Don’t get off until the bus stops.Continue in this direction until you see a sign.一直朝著這個方向走直到你看見一個指示牌。

I didn’t wake up until I heard the alarm clock.直到聽到鬧鐘的鈴聲我才醒來。2).so that引導(dǎo)的目的狀語從句

so that是連詞，意為―為的是，以便‖，引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句。注意so that, in order that和in order to在用法上的區(qū)別。

Let me take down your telephone number so that I can call you later.讓我記下你的號碼，為的是以后好打電話給你。3).although引導(dǎo)的狀語從句

although的用法意思相當(dāng)于though（盡管，雖然），用來引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。它所引導(dǎo)的從句不能與并列連詞but，and，so等連用，但可以和yet，still等詞連用。

① Although the book was old, we decided to buy it.盡管這本書很舊，我們還是決定買。② Although he was tired, he went on working.Although he had only entered the contest for fun, he won first prize.盡管他參加這次競賽只不過是鬧著玩而已，卻贏得了頭等獎。

第五篇：新版八年級英語下冊第五單元知識點(diǎn)歸納

一.基礎(chǔ)知識講解.【解析1】過去進(jìn)行時 過去進(jìn)行時態(tài)

②過去某段時間正在發(fā)生的動作

⑵.與過去進(jìn)行時連用的時間狀語，常見的有 at nine last night/ at that time= then/at this time yesterday / ⑷ 過去進(jìn)行時的四個基本句型 ⑸ 過去進(jìn)行時的固定句型

在凱特正在看電視的同時，吉姆正在讀書。鞏固練習(xí)：用所給動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空

6.__________________you __________________(have)supper at that time? 【解析2】 at the time of 在......的時候（常用于過去進(jìn)行時）

2.my alarm didn’t go off so i ___ up late.我的鬧鐘沒有響，因此我____晚了?！窘馕觥縣eavily adv 在很大程度上

heavily adv 沉重地the army lost heavily 形容風(fēng)大的時候常用strong/hard, 形容雨雪下得大的時候用heavily/hard 【2013黔西南】121.sometimes it rains _________in guizhou in summer.【注】heavy改y為i +ly 變?yōu)閍dv ,類似的adj還有： hungry饑餓的hungrily happy快樂的happily angry生氣的angrily

4.i ___ to the bus stop but i still missed the bus.我____ 向公共汽車站但還是錯過了公共汽車。②想念；思念

③ n 用于姓名或姓之前，是對未婚女子的稱呼，但首字母要大寫，“小姐；女生” 6.that’s strange.真奇怪

【解析】strange adj.奇怪的 →strangely adv奇怪地 →stranger n 陌生人 be strange to 對??感到陌生

陌生的he stands in a stranger street.【解析】report v 報道 → reporter n 記者

那么，當(dāng)暴風(fēng)雨突然來臨的時候，你正在做什么呢？ 【解析】so 的用法：

無實際意義，表示驚訝或領(lǐng)會，引出后面內(nèi)容 so so + adj./ adv “如此??”

so + adj./adv +that 從句

so + 從句 “所以“

so that +從句 “以便，為了??”

【解析1】i see.我知道了。（表示通過別人提醒而明白、了解）()—it’s bad for your eyes to read in the sun.— _____.【拓展】 see sb.do sth 看到某人做某事 see sb.doing sth 看到某人正在做某事 【解析2】either 也

(1)also 也，用于肯定句句中，用在實義動詞之前，系動詞、助動詞、情態(tài)動詞之后。(2)too 也，用于肯定句句末(3)either 也，通常放于否定句末

本的爸爸正在把木頭塊搭在窗戶上面，而他的媽媽正在確保手電筒和收音機(jī)能正常使用?！窘馕?】make sure確信； 確保 表示“工作”，是不可數(shù)名詞： ⑵.表示“著作”或“作品”，是可數(shù)名詞，但多用復(fù)數(shù)： ⑶ 表示“工廠”，只用復(fù)數(shù)形式，但可表示單數(shù)意義：

當(dāng)雨點(diǎn)開始重重地打在窗戶上的時候，本正在幫助他的媽媽做晚飯。

【解析2】heavily 在很大程度上；大量地

【拓展】heavy adj.重的（反）light → heavily adv 猛烈地 【注】形容雨雪下得大用heavily/hard()②sometimes it rains ____ in xi’an in summer.【2013黔西南】121.sometimes it rains _________in guizhou in summer.【解析3】 against 倚；碰；撞 ⑴表示“反對”，其反義詞為 for。若表示“強(qiáng)烈反對”，一般用副詞 strongly：

are you for or against the plan? 你對這個計劃是贊成還是反對呢?你對這個計劃是贊成還是反對

he stood leaning against the tree.他站著斜靠在墻上 【解析】 at first 首先；最初

【拓展】(1)at first = at the beginning 最初，開始 【強(qiáng)調(diào)在時間順序或做某事過程等開始之初】

(2)first of all 首先，第一 【表明陳述事情的重要性】 【解析1】 fall asleep 進(jìn)入夢鄉(xiāng)；睡著 【拓展】sleep / asleep 辨析：

(1)sleep =be in bed v 睡覺，指睡的動作狀態(tài)，(2)get to sleep =fall asleep 入睡，強(qiáng)調(diào)進(jìn)入睡眠的狀態(tài)(3)go to bed 上床睡覺，強(qiáng)調(diào)睡覺的動作。stayed up too late last night.be asleep強(qiáng)調(diào)睡著的狀態(tài)the baby is asleep 【拓展】fall asleep, sleep, go to sleep, get to sleep, go to bed用法區(qū)別。⑴fall asleep屬“連系動詞+表語”結(jié)構(gòu)，“入睡；睡著”，指進(jìn)入夢鄉(xiāng)，往往含有“不知不覺就睡著了“的意思。asleep在此作表語形容詞。⑵ sleep指睡覺時的一種狀態(tài)，是一個延續(xù)性的動詞。

he likes to sleep for an hour in the afternoon.他喜歡在下午睡上一個小時。⑶ go to sleep意為“入睡，睡著”，強(qiáng)調(diào)從開始睡到睡著的過程。

⑷get to sleep與go to sleep意思相近，但它強(qiáng)調(diào)的是進(jìn)入睡眠狀態(tài)。⑸go to bed“就寢”，“上床睡覺”，指上床去睡這個動作，與get up相對應(yīng)。

我們學(xué)校的學(xué)生通常早晨六點(diǎn)起床，晚上九點(diǎn)半睡覺。die out:指家庭、種族、物種、組織、信仰等的消失或消亡。【解析2】rise 增加；提高；增強(qiáng)；上升，升起

raise舉起；提高主語發(fā)出的動作作用于其他事物let’s raise our glasses to tom.【解析1】過去分詞做定語 fallen leaves 落葉 詞條含義用法例句

【解析】 join 加入；參加

【辨析】join/join in/take part in(1)join=be a member of 參加 ,指加入某種組織，并成為其中的一員?！?join in 后接活動名稱

◆ join sb.加入到某個人群之中

(2)take part in 參加，指加入群體活動中并在活動中發(fā)揮重要作用。18.turn on the radio 打開收音機(jī)

【解析】turn on 打開（反）turn off 關(guān)掉

【2013江蘇淮安】13.it's getting dark.please ________ the light.【2013湖南益陽】33.the boy is sleeping.please _____the radio.tree.當(dāng)我們到達(dá)事故現(xiàn)場的時候，看到汽車由于撞在了樹上，已經(jīng)變了些?！窘馕觥縢et to 到達(dá)get → got→ gotten v 得到 【解析】 happen 發(fā)生；碰巧（指偶然性發(fā)生）

(1)happen v “發(fā)生”沒有被動語態(tài)，主語是物，強(qiáng)調(diào)某事發(fā)生的偶然性(3)it happened that?碰巧

【2013山東濟(jì)南】53.—it’s hot today, isn’t it? 【解析】realize v 意識到

⑴ realize + n she didn’t realize her mistake.羅柏特。艾倫現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)50多歲了，但那時候他還只是一名小學(xué)生。【解析】 over= more than 超過

【解析】一段時間+ ago 之前，用于一般過去時

【解析】 the rest of ? “其余的，剩下的” ,做主語時，其謂語動詞的數(shù)要與the rest of 修飾的名詞一致。

學(xué)校停課一天，羅柏特和他的朋友們沉默地走回了家。

【解析1】remember to do sth與remember doing sth的用法區(qū)別。

⑴remember to do sth記得去做某事（此事還未做）

⑵remember doing sth記得做過某事（此事已做完）

【解析3】terror n 恐怖 → terrorist 恐怖分子be full of terror充滿恐怖 我很害怕以至于后來我?guī)缀鯚o法正常思考?！窘馕觥縣ardly 幾乎不； 絕不

羅柏特和他的朋友們聽到這則消息感到很吃驚?！窘馕?】be surprised to do sth 做某事很吃驚

【拓展】surprise v 使吃驚→surprising adj.令人吃驚的

→surprised adj.吃驚的 to one’s surprise 使某人吃驚的是 in surprise 吃驚地 be surprised at 對??感到吃驚 ①__________________(使我吃驚的是），he got the first prize in the exam.【解析2】hear的用法 hear意為“聽見”，強(qiáng)調(diào)聽的結(jié)果?！窘Y(jié)構(gòu)】：hear sb.do sth聽見某人做某事； hear sb.doing sth聽見某人正在做某事 hear也有“聽說”之意，這時后接that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。①hear about意為“聽說”，相當(dāng)于hear of，后面接詞或短語。

i have heard about/of the story before.我以前就聽說過這個故事。

i haven’t heard from my mother for months.我已經(jīng)好幾個月沒有收到我媽媽的來信了。【解析】true adj.真的 → truly adv.真地 →truth 實情；事實to be truth n.真相 honest = to tell(you)the truth老實說；說實話