第一篇:2018年安徽省中考英語試卷分析
2018年中考英語試卷分析
2018年安徽省中考英語試題滲透核心素養(yǎng),關(guān)注學(xué)生日常生活。試卷總題數(shù)為96小題,基本上覆蓋了初中英語考綱要求的全部?jī)?nèi)容,嚴(yán)格以《英語課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》和《2018年安徽省初中學(xué)業(yè)畢業(yè)考試綱要》為依據(jù),尊重學(xué)情,有效考查了學(xué)生的英語學(xué)科素養(yǎng)。以下就典型試題進(jìn)行分析:
一、試卷結(jié)構(gòu)
2018年安徽中考英語試卷與2017年試卷在結(jié)構(gòu)和分值上基本相同,試卷由聽力,語言知識(shí)運(yùn)用,閱讀理解以及寫四部分構(gòu)成。試卷容量大,知識(shí)面廣,基本上涵蓋了初中階段要求掌握和理解的全部?jī)?nèi)容。
二、試卷特點(diǎn)
2018年安徽省中考英語試題注重基礎(chǔ),突出語用。知識(shí)范圍把握地很準(zhǔn),沒有難題、偏題、怪題,沒有超出《課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》中的《功能意念項(xiàng)目表》和《話題項(xiàng)目表》的要求;詞匯控制在課標(biāo)規(guī)定的范圍之內(nèi);語法知識(shí)方面考查的內(nèi)容也在《考試綱要》要求的范圍之內(nèi)。
三、試題分析
2018年安徽中考英語試卷依然注重對(duì)學(xué)生基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)與運(yùn)用能力的考查,在各個(gè)題型上均有所體現(xiàn)。聽力部分:話題涉及動(dòng)物、打電話、就醫(yī)、喜好、購(gòu)物、詢問、建議、周末活動(dòng)、個(gè)人情況介紹、計(jì)劃與安排等。今年中考英語聽力話題均來源于生活,考察學(xué)生對(duì)材料的理解和獲取信息能力。
單項(xiàng)填空:整體上難度不大,其中情景交際、名詞辨析、動(dòng)詞辨析、動(dòng)詞短語辨析、形容詞辨析、代詞辨析等作為近年來的必考點(diǎn),2018年依然進(jìn)行了重點(diǎn)考查。37題考察動(dòng)詞短語辨析,提到動(dòng)物會(huì)依據(jù)周圍環(huán)境改變自身顏色來進(jìn)行自我保護(hù),這里考察了take on這一短語,需要學(xué)生學(xué)會(huì)運(yùn)用排除法以及根據(jù)語境推測(cè)來了解take on在這里是呈現(xiàn)出的意思。
完形填空:2018年兩篇完形填空都是記敘文,對(duì)于考生來說理解起來并不難。在選項(xiàng)設(shè)置上不僅保持對(duì)名詞、動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞的辨析等必考點(diǎn)的考查,杜絕了純語法題,考生只有借助上下文乃至全文的語境啟示,運(yùn)用邏輯推理,才能做出準(zhǔn)確判斷。
閱讀理解:2018年閱讀理解注重考查學(xué)生對(duì)多種體裁和題材書面問題的閱讀和理解能力,考試材料內(nèi)容豐富,體現(xiàn)了多樣性、真實(shí)性、實(shí)用性,綜合考察學(xué)生綜合運(yùn)用語言能力,體現(xiàn)跨文化交際。比如D篇閱讀介紹了未來的智能城市,具有強(qiáng)烈的時(shí)代感,科技味十足,擴(kuò)大了學(xué)生視野。
書面表達(dá):書面表達(dá)試題設(shè)計(jì)貼近學(xué)生生活實(shí)際,以感謝恩師為話題,讓學(xué)生對(duì)自己的老師表達(dá)感恩之情。本次書面表達(dá)屬于半開放式命題,該題設(shè)計(jì)縮短了城鄉(xiāng)孩子之間差距,讓基礎(chǔ)比較薄弱的孩子有話可說,有句可寫。2018年安徽中考英語試卷在延續(xù)往年風(fēng)格的基礎(chǔ)上,一方面進(jìn)一步突出了語言的“活用”能力,另一方面,題目緊密聯(lián)系學(xué)生實(shí)際,對(duì)初中英語教學(xué)有積極的引導(dǎo)作用。讓老師不拘泥于采用題海戰(zhàn)術(shù)和押題戰(zhàn)術(shù),讓教學(xué)遠(yuǎn)離“死記硬背”,鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生在學(xué)習(xí)和生活中注重語言的積累,體現(xiàn)了英語學(xué)科的育人價(jià)值。
第二篇:2013年安徽省中考英語試卷
2013年安徽省中考英語試卷
第一部分 聽力(共五大題,滿分30分)
I.關(guān)鍵詞語選擇(共5小題;每小題1分,滿分5分)你將聽到五個(gè)句子。請(qǐng)?jiān)诿啃☆}所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出一個(gè)你所聽到的單詞或短語。每個(gè)句子讀兩遍。
1.A.trade B.trip C.train 2.A.warn B.wash C.watch 3.A.soft B.safe C.same 4.A.ticket B.basket C.present' 5.A.keep off B.get off C.turn off Ⅱ.短對(duì)話理解(共10小題;每小題1分,滿分10分)你將聽到十段對(duì)話,每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題。請(qǐng)?jiān)诿啃☆}所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出一個(gè)最佳選項(xiàng)。每段對(duì)話讀兩遍。
6.What is the man's job?
7.What is the man going to do?
8.Which animal is mentioned in the conversation?
9.What sport will the man do this Saturday?
10.What is the man looking for?
11.Where can the woman park the car? A.By the road.B.In the building.C.Behind the building.12.How does the man go to work these days? A.By car.B.By taxi.C.By bike.13.What does the man mean? A.He likes his job.B.He hates his job.C.He often loses jobs.14.How much will the man pay? A.$20.B.$40.C.$60.15.Where does the conversation probably take place? A.On a bus.B.In the street.C.In a museum.III.長(zhǎng)對(duì)話理解(共5小題;每小題1分,滿分5分)你將聽到兩段對(duì)話,每段對(duì)話后有幾個(gè)小題。請(qǐng)?jiān)诿啃☆}所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳答案。每段對(duì)話讀兩遍。
聽下面一段對(duì)話,回答第16、17兩個(gè)小題。
16.What is the weather like?
A.Rainy.B.Cloudy.C.Windy.17.What will they do in the end?
A.They'll take a taxi.B.They'll have a drink.C.They'll do shopping.聽下面一段對(duì)話,回答第18至20三個(gè)小題。
18.What does the woman want to do?
A.To have a meeting, B.To buy some tea.C.To interview Mr.White.19.What time are they going to meet?
A.At 1 pm.B.At 2 pm.C.At 3 pm.20.Where are they going to meet?
A.In Mr.White's office.B.At the Bank of China.C.In Sunshine Tea House.Ⅳ.短文理解(共5小題,每小題1分,滿分5分)
你將聽到一篇短文,短文后有5個(gè)小題。請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,在每小題所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。短文讀兩遍。
21.Where did the old lady put the broken pieces of glass?
A.On the road.B.Into the bag.C.Into her pocket.22.Who were talking on the road?
A.An old lady and a policeman.B.A policeman and some kids.C.An old lady and some kids.23.Why did the old lady pick up the pieces of glass?
A.To collect the glass.B.To clean the road.C.To keep the kids safe.24.What did the policeman do then?
A.He punished the old lady.B.He joined the old lady.C.He played with the kids.25.What can you know from the story?
A.The old lady was kind.B.The kids were honest.C.The policeman was brave.V.信息轉(zhuǎn)換(共5小題;每小題1分,滿分5分)
你將聽到一篇短文,請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,填寫下面表格中所缺的單詞,每空僅填一詞。短文讀兩遍。
A Sale in Our School
When Who What
Why There will be a sale next 26.Students from 27 classes are going to take part in the activity.We can sell used things such as cards, 28 and bookmarks.We can 29 used things for what we need.We can make 30 use of used things and protect' the environment.第二部分 英語知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共三大題,滿分55分)VI.單項(xiàng)填空(共20小題;每小題1分,滿分20分)從每小題所給的A、B、C、D 四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。31.--What is Miss Gao's favourite________?
--She is always in pink.Don't you know?
A.colour B.book C.song D.movie 32.You __ drive your car so fast.It's very dangerous.A.wouldn't B.shouldn't C.couldn't D.mightn't 33.--Would you like some milk?
--________.A.Yes, please B.The same to you
C.Help yourself D.My pleasure 34.--________ can you finish this English examination?
--In about one and a half hours.A.How far B.How often C.How soon D.How long 35.Smile to the world, ________ the world will smile back to you.A.nor B.but C.or D.and 36.--I can't find David.Where is he?
--He ________ for tomorrow's competition at home.A.prepares B.is preparing C.has prepared D.prepared 37.Mrs.King put a coat ________ the sleeping girl to keep her warm.A.over B.with C.behind D.beside 38.--I am a little hungry, Mom.--There are some cakes on the plate.You can take ________.A.it B.one C.that D.this 39.I will meet Jane at the station.Please ________ what time she will arrive.A.count B.choose C.check D.catch 40.--Tony, ________ are you in such a hurry?--The meeting will start soon.I don't want to be late.A.where B.how C.when D.why 41.--What was Jim wearing at the party?--Nothing ________.He was in his usual shirt and jeans.A.special B.simple C.important D.interesting 42.--It will be my turn.I feel a little nervous.--________ You can make it!A.Congratulations!B.Take it easy.C.kook out!D.Have a good time.43.It is helpful to ________ a good habit of reading in language learning.A.take B.show C.develop D.match 44.The rivers will become dirtier and dirtier ______ we take action to protect them.A.since B.if C.until D.unless 45.--Our school bus will leave at 8 o'clock tomorrow.Don't be late.--OK.I will be there ten minutes________.A.sooner B.slower C.faster D.earlier 46.Thanks to the Internet, different kinds of information ________ in a short time.A.can be learned B.has been learned C.can learn D.has learned 47.I'm surprised to hear from her.________, we last met ten years ago.A.On one hand B.That is to say
C.Believe it or not D.In other words 48.The people in Ya'an have met lots of difficulties, but they haven't ________ hope.A.picked up B.given up C.looked for D.waited for 49.I stir remember the college and the teachers ________ I visited in London years ago.A.what B.who C.that D.which 50.--TV says there will be a storm tomorrow.--________I planned to go climbing with my classmates.A.I hope so B.I'm afraid so C.Sounds good D.Bed luck VII.完形填空(共20小題;每小題1.5分,滿分30分)閱讀下列短文, 從每小題所給的A、B、C、D 四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。A
Mr.and Mrs.Green were very worried about their son, Leo.He seemed to be dumb(啞的)51 he was normal in every other way.Mr.and Mrs.Green tried everything to get him to 52 , but with no success.When Leo was six years old, the best doctors in the town 53 him carefully, but could find nothing wrong.And he seemed to be smart.It was just that he 54 spoke.“There might be something wrong with his 55 , and he doesn't know he's able to speak,” one doctor said.“But he can read and write,” said Mr.Green.“We've written him notes, telling him that he can speak.” “It's certainly very 56 ,” another doctor said.“Perhaps he'll be able to speak some day.” 57 passed.Leo went to university.But he did not speak a 58 word.Then one day, Leo was having a meal with his parents.Without any warning, he looked up from his 59 and said, “Pass me the salt, please.” Mr.and Mrs.Green were excited.“You spoke!You spoke!” they cried, “Why have you 60 so long to speak?” “I didn't have anything to say,” he said.“Until now everything was perfect.But you forgot to put salt in these potatoes.” 51.A.because B.when C.though D.before 52.A.speak B.walk C.play D.laugh 53.A.taught B.found C.examined D.asked 54.A.never B.often C.usually D.always 55.A.back B.hair C.face D.mind 56.A.unfair B.strange C.noisy D.quiet 57.A.Hours B.Weeks C.Months D.Years 58.A.good B.right C.single D.new 59.A.chair B.meal C.hands D.books 60.A.slept B.walked C.served D.waited
B It is often said that eyes can speak.Do you have such kind of 61 ? In a bus you may look at a stranger, but not too, 62.If he notices that he is being looked at, he may 63 uncomfortable.It is the same in daily life.When you are looked at for several more times, you will look 64 up and down in order to 65 if there is anything wrong with you.If 66 goes wrong, you will feel angry with the person who is looking at you.67 can speak, right? Looking too long at someone may seem to be impolite.But sometimes things are 68.If you wish to draw someone's 69 , you may look at him or her for more than ten seconds.For lovers, they enjoy looking at each other longer to show the love that words cannot 70.Clearly, eye communication should be done according to the relationship between the two people and the certain situation.61.A.future B.fear C.experience D.exercise 62.A.late B.long C.low D.loud 63.A.feel B.smell C.sound D.taste 64.A.itself B.himself C.myself D.yourself 65.A.see B.guess C.hear D.expect 66.A.something B.nothing C.everything D.anything 67.A.Ears B.Eyes C.Mouth D.Nose 68.A.different B.difficult C.tiring D.boring 69: A.direction B.lesson C.attention D.trouble 70.A.write B.print C.read D.Express VIII.補(bǔ)全對(duì)話(共5小題;每小題1分,滿分5分)
根據(jù)對(duì)話內(nèi)容,從方框內(nèi)的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。
Ann: Thank you for the birthday gift, Dad.It's the best gift I have ever had.Dad: 71 Ann: I've always wanted a computer.72 Dad: And you need it to chat(聊天)with your friends, too.Ann: I guess you are right.73 Dad: Send an email? Er, just do like this.74 Ann: Yes, Dad.I think it's easy.Dad: 75 Ann: I won't, I promise.A.Have you got it? B.Do you need help? C.I’m glad you like it.D.How can I turn it on? E.I need it to do my homework.F.Just don't spend too much time on it.G.Could you show me how to send an email? 71._________72._________73._________74._________75._________
第三部分 閱讀理解(共一大題,滿分40分)IX.閱讀理解(共20小題;每小題2分,滿分40分)
閱讀下列短文,從每小題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。
A Many people say that they are working too many hours.They don't have enough time to relax or to stay with their family.Work hours are different from one country to another.In France, people spend about 1,646 hours a year at work.In Japan, however, people work about 2,159 hours a year.That means a Japanese worker works 513 more hours a year than a French worker.Why do people work so many hours? Some people work extra hours because they want to make more money.However, many companies don't pay overtime.Their workers don't get more pay for more work.Some people think it's their duty to work more hours.Some are afraid of losing their jobs if they don't work more hours.Many people say that their vacations are too short.In France, people get five weeks of paid vacation a year.In Germany, they get four to six weeks, and in the United States, two weeks.One study shows fewer than half of workers used all their vacation days.In Great Britain, there is a saying, “All work and no play makes Jack a dull(遲鈍的)boy.” If that is true, there must be a lot of dull people in the world.76.A Japanese worker works __ more hours a year than a French one.A.513 B.1,646 C.2,159 D.3,805 77.The word “extra” in Paragraph 3 means “.A.正常的 B.額外的 C.有用的 D.少量的
78.People in ________ get only two weeks of paid vacation a year.A.France B.Germany
C.the United States D.Great Britain 79.Which of the following is true according to the passage? A.No companies offer vacations to their workers.B.Many people say they have enough time to relax.C.Not all companies pay their workers for more work.D.More than half of workers use all their vacation days.80.What can we infer from the passage? A.Many workers have to work long hours.B.Many people have vacations long enough.C.Work hours are the same around the world.D.There are a lot of dull people in the world.B ①”I will think of it.“ It is easy to say this, but do you know what great things have come from thinking? Though we can not see, or hear, or feel our thoughts, they have great power(力量)!②Isaac Newton was seated in his garden on a summer evening when he saw an apple fall from a tree.He began to think, and tried to find out why the apple fell.Then he discovered how the earth, sun, moon, and stars are kept in their places.③James Ferguson once saw the inside of his father's watch, and he wondered, ”Why should I not make a watch?“ This set him thinking and it led to a wooden clock which kept good time.④Walt Disney, the famous American film-maker, was often thinking of new ideas.One day, when he was in a meeting, he suddenly stopped talking, deep in thought.He looked and looked at a place high up in the room.This continued for a long time, end then he got an idea for a new cartoon.⑤Ideas come at any time, end the important thing is to think.When you meet with any difficulty, don't lose heart.Try to think of it before asking someone to help you.Think and by thinking you will learn how to think creatively.81.Newton wanted to find out ________.A.when the apple hit him B.why the apple fell C.who made the apple fall D.where the apple fell 82.________ made a wooden clock.A.Isaac Newton B.Walt Disney
C.James Ferguson D.James' father 83.Walt Disney was ________ when he got an idea for a new cartoon.A.making a film B.telling a story
C.having a meeting D.sitting in a garden 84.From the passage we can learn that
A.we should always ask others for help B.every one of us likes thinking
C.it is easy to see and hear our thoughts D.thinking helps to get new ideas 85.Which of the following shows the structure(結(jié)構(gòu))of the passage?
(①=Paragraph 1, ②= Paragraph 2, …)
broadcast1/'br?:dkɑ:st||?br?d?k?st/n[C] a programme on the radio or on television: a radio news broadcast | live broadcast(= a programme that you see or hear at the same time as the events are happening)
2broadcast v past tense and past participle, broadcast 1 [ I,T] to send out radio or television programmes: The interview was broadcast live across Europe.2 [T] to tell something to a lot of people: There was no need to broadcast the fact that he lost his job.broadcaster /?br??dkɑ?st? || ?br??dk?st?r/ n [C] flask / flɑ:sk || fl?sk/n [C] I BrE a special type of bottle that you use to keep liquids either hot or cold, for example when travelling 2 a flat bottle usually used to carry alcohol 3 a glass bottle with a narrow top, used in a LABORATORY
1flat/ fl?t / adj flatter, flattest
1? SURFACE? smooth and level, without raised or hollow areas, and not sloping or curving: a flat-bottomed boat |a perfectly flat sandy beach | flat as a
curious/ ?kj??ri?s || 'kjur-/ adj 1 wanting to know about something: When I mentioned her name everyone was curious.| [ +about] I’m incurious about this book she's supposed to be writing.|curious to see/hear/know etc: Mandy was curious to hear what Peter had to say himself.—opposite INCURIOUS 2 strange or unusual: a curious noise coming from the cellar | curious that It's very curious that she left without saying goodbye.curl /k?:l|| k?rl/ n 1[C] a small mass of hair
pollute / p?'lu:t/ v [T] 1 to make air, water, soil etc dangerously dirty and not suitable for people to use: beaches polluted by raw sewage | industrial emissions that pollute the air 2 pollute sb’s mind to give someone immoral thoughts and spoil their character:
fears that Lawrence's novels would pollute young minds--polluted adj: polluted rivers--polluter
n [C]
pollution / p??lu:?n /n [U] 1 the process of making
86.The pronunciation of the word ”broadcast“ is ____ or/?br?d?k?st /.A./'br?:dkɑ:st/ B./'br?ud'sɑ:st/ C./br?d'k?st/ D./'bru:dkɑ:st/ 87.The word”____ “can be used as an adjective(形容詞).A.pollute B.pollution C.curious D.curiously 88.Which of the following is a flask?
89.The word ”pollute“ means ”______“.A.to tell something to a lot of people B.wanting to know about something C.a programme on the radio or on TV D.to make air.water, soil, etc dirty 90.These texts are probably from ______.A.a magazine B.a dictionary
C.a newspaper D.an advertisement
D
The human brain weighs about 1.4 kilograms, but it can, hold much more information than most computers.However, there is another difference between humans and computers.Computers don't forget information they are given, but humans often do.No one remembers everything, and luckily we don't usually have to.But everyone can improve their memory if they want to.Here are some suggestions.◆Try to use new informati6n immediately.For example, if you meet someone who says ”Hi!I'm Carlos,“ don't just say ”Hello.“ Repeat the person's name.Say”____“
◆Break a big number into smaller parts.For example, it's hard to memorize(記憶)109244153.But if you break it into three parts--109/244/153—it becomes easier.◆Write out what you need to remember ever and over again.This will help you keep it in mind longer, especially for memorizing formulas(公式)or facts.◆Always review information.If you bring what you've learned back to your mind, they become easier to remember.For example, before you go to sleep, it’s a good idea to review the new things you learned that clay.◆Discuss with a friend.It is always easier to remember things through discussions.You can have a discussion about what's right and what's wrong, and it will lead to the right answer.◆Never tell yourself that you have a bad memory.You can always do something to help improve your memory.And everyone's memory gets better if they use it often enough.All of the suggestions are helpful.If you follow them, you are certain to improve your memory.91.How many suggestions are mentioned in the passage?
A.Three.B.Four.C.Five.D.Six.92.Which should be put in the blank(空格)in Paragraph 2?
A.Hello, Carlos.B.How do you do? C.Hello, I am Sophia.D.Glad to meet you!93.What can help memorize a big number more easily according to the passage?
A.To store it in a computer.B.To break it into stunner parts.C.To discuss it with a friend.D.To review it before you sleep.94.Which of the following is true according to the passage?
A.Discussing with friends can help you remember things.B.Always reviewing information can help you fall asleep.C.Formulas and facts can help you learn about your brain.D.Human beings can improve their memory by computer.95.What does the sentence ”Never tell yourself that you have a bad memory” mean?
A.You should tell others about your bad memory.B.You should believe in other people all the time.C.You should ask others to improve their memory.D.You should ho confident in your memory ability.第四部分 寫(共兩大題,滿分25分)
X.單詞拼寫(共5小題;每小題1分,滿分5分)
根據(jù)首字母及漢語提示,完成下列單詞的拼寫,使句意明確,語言通順。96.What do you like to do in your f______(空閑的)time? 97.I could hear her sweet v______(噪音)from the next room.98.Travelling by plane is expensive, but it s______(節(jié)省)time.99.Would you please make a shopping l________(清單)for the picnic? 100.It's polite to k______(敲)on the door before entering a room.XI.書面表達(dá)(共1小題;滿分20分)
今天是父親節(jié)。假定你是李華,請(qǐng)給你的美國(guó)朋友John寫一封電子郵件,談?wù)勀銓⑷绾闻c父親一起度過這個(gè)特別的日子。要點(diǎn)如下:
●表述你與父親間的情感;
●為父親制作二張卡片;
●幫助父親做點(diǎn)事;
●陪父親散步等。
注意:1.詞數(shù)80-100;
2.請(qǐng)不要逐句翻譯,可適當(dāng)發(fā)揮;
3.郵件的開頭和結(jié)尾已為你寫好,不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。Dear John,It's Father's Day today.It's a special day, isn't it? ______________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ What' your plan for Father's Day? I'm looking forward to hearing from you.Yours,Li Hua
參考答案
第一部分 聽力
I-IV.1-5.BCBAC 6-10.ABABC 11-15.CCABA 16-20.ABCAC 21-25.BACBA V.26.Sunday 27.7/seven 28.toys 29.change 30.full
第二部分 英語知識(shí)運(yùn)用
VI.31-35.ABACD 36-40.BABCD 41 ~45.ABCDD 46-50.ACBCD VII.51-55.CACAD 56-60.BIX:BD 61-65.CBADA 66-70.BBACD VIII.71-75.CEGAF 第三部分 閱讀理解(IX.76-80.ABCCA 81 ~85.BCCDA 86-90.ACDDB 91 ~95.DABAD 第四部分 寫
X.96.free 97.voice 98.saves 99.list 100.knock Xl.One possible version Dear John, It's Father's Day today.It's a special day, isn't it? I think we should do something to show our love for our fathers on this special day.My father and I are good friends.Whenever I meet with difficulties, he is always there, ready to help me.Today I will make a beautiful card for him, with my thanks and best wishes on it.Then I will help him wash the car this afternoon and cook his favorite food in the evening.Besides, I'll take a walk with him after dinner and then play chess with him, for he likes it very much.I' m sure he'll be very happy.What's your plan for Father's Day? I' m looking forward to hearing from yon.Yours,Li Hua
第三篇:中考英語試卷分析
中考英語試卷分析
裘有桃
單項(xiàng)選擇:
歷年來中考英語的單項(xiàng)選擇屬于極易得分的題目,15道單選題主要考查了學(xué)生在特定語境中對(duì)所學(xué)詞匯、語法等語言知識(shí)的綜合運(yùn)用。該題覆蓋面廣,無偏題,考點(diǎn)突出,立足課本。主要考查項(xiàng)目有冠詞、代詞、名詞、形容詞、副詞、連詞、動(dòng)詞等詞類的掌握情況以及句子的時(shí)態(tài)。語法點(diǎn)側(cè)重考查其在具體語境中的應(yīng)用,但都是常見的交際應(yīng)用,比較簡(jiǎn)單。
幾年的考題風(fēng)格主要是對(duì)一些詞類的用法考生語言技能的實(shí)際運(yùn)用能力,特別注重考查學(xué)生在一定語言環(huán)境下使用英語的能力。突出語言的交際性和實(shí)用性。在單選題中,多數(shù)體現(xiàn)為情景對(duì)話形式,題目靈活,看起來容易做,但如不根據(jù)特定的語境認(rèn)真考慮,往往失分。交際用語與學(xué)生的生活實(shí)際和經(jīng)歷密切相關(guān),考查這一點(diǎn)充分體現(xiàn)了要注重語言交際能力學(xué)習(xí)的這個(gè)導(dǎo)向。突出對(duì)詞類的考查。
從歷年的中考題可以發(fā)現(xiàn)每年都必考的有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,形容詞和副詞,名詞,動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài),日常習(xí)慣用語。每一題都不難,主要是一些基本的語法,屬于極易得分的題目,但一定要細(xì)心。
完形填空:
完形填空題是中考的必考題型,是考查詞匯、語法與閱讀理解等多種內(nèi)容的綜合填空題。完形填空題的設(shè)置,目的是考查學(xué)生的閱讀理解能力和綜合語言知識(shí)的運(yùn)用能力。根據(jù)幾年中考完形填空來看,命題思路主要體現(xiàn)在以下幾個(gè)方面:
一、體載、題材多樣,考查學(xué)生涉獵各種信息的能力
中考英語試題的完形填空題一般為兩篇短文,分析近幾年完形填空題的選材,該題型所選短文的體裁、題材多樣。體載有記敘文、議論文等,題材涉及到趣味故事、幽默小品、科普知識(shí)、日常生活、人物小記、社會(huì)話題等。盡管體裁、題材多樣,但所選的短文不長(zhǎng),一般在職100——150詞之間,而且短文情節(jié)連貫,層次分明,線索不復(fù)雜,一篇短文重點(diǎn)敘述一種觀點(diǎn),幾個(gè)小段落可集中表達(dá)一個(gè)主題。中考英語完形填空題如此選材的目的是考查學(xué)生是否有閱讀各種體裁、題材文章的能力以及涉獵各種信息的能力。
二、側(cè)重整體理解,考查學(xué)生快速閱讀能力
完形填空題實(shí)際上是恢復(fù)原貌式的閱讀理解題,各種短文結(jié)構(gòu)嚴(yán)謹(jǐn),段落清楚,而且首句一般不挖空,便于學(xué)生依據(jù)首句提示進(jìn)行整體理解。解答完形填空題要求學(xué)生具備快速閱讀的各種能力和技巧,如視讀、跳讀、查讀、猜詞等。因?yàn)橥晷翁羁疹}的答題時(shí)間只有十幾分鐘,在這有限的時(shí)間內(nèi)不僅要讀完全文和選項(xiàng),而且要考慮各個(gè)選項(xiàng)的正誤,同時(shí)還要對(duì)句子結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行分析,對(duì)詞義進(jìn)行辨析,對(duì)隱含的主題進(jìn)行推斷,對(duì)有些答案要反復(fù)核查。由此可見,讀速快慢會(huì)直接影響答題速度。
三、側(cè)重基礎(chǔ)知識(shí),考查學(xué)生語言知識(shí)的掌握能力
完形填空題以文入手,結(jié)合文章內(nèi)容考查學(xué)生的基礎(chǔ)語言知識(shí),主要是考查學(xué)生詞語搭配,近義詞辯異,正確辨析句子結(jié)構(gòu),掌握語法規(guī)則的能力。
四、上下對(duì)照,考查學(xué)生捕捉關(guān)鍵詞的能力
完形填空題設(shè)計(jì)時(shí),有時(shí)單看一句是得不出正確答案的,需要閱讀下句、甚至若干句后才有“茅賽頓開”之感。上下對(duì)照,即在上文或下文中找到與正確答案相同的關(guān)鍵詞。學(xué)生在答題中要有邊讀邊在大腦中儲(chǔ)存上下信息的能力,捕捉關(guān)鍵詞。
五、設(shè)置語境,考查學(xué)生的分析推理能力
完形填空題中,有時(shí)答題無上下對(duì)照的關(guān)鍵詞作參考,而是考查學(xué)生要分析前后語境去推理出正確答案。在這種試題中,四個(gè)選項(xiàng)填入句中語法、句子結(jié)構(gòu)都正確,但分析前后語境,只有一個(gè)正確答案。
六、結(jié)合生活,考查學(xué)生利用常識(shí)解題的能力
完形填空題中,有時(shí)命題者在完形填空題中考查學(xué)生的生活常識(shí),看看學(xué)生是否能善于觀察生活,積累生活常識(shí),能否利用常識(shí)去做出恰當(dāng)?shù)倪x擇。這類題的設(shè)計(jì),四個(gè)選項(xiàng)放入句中語法、句子結(jié)構(gòu)都正確,而且不一定需要上下聯(lián)系,而是依據(jù)常識(shí)解答。
七、關(guān)注連詞,考查學(xué)生對(duì)行文邏輯、句子關(guān)聯(lián)的理解能力
從近幾年中考英語完形填空題的分析來看,命題者有時(shí)就有關(guān)連詞進(jìn)行挖空,以此來考查學(xué)生通過閱讀能否理解句與句之間的關(guān)聯(lián)關(guān)系,是否了解行文邏輯的要求,能否掌握因果、轉(zhuǎn)折、并列、條件、讓步等連詞的用法。
閱讀理解:
初中英語閱讀理解題已成為評(píng)估學(xué)生英語水平的重要測(cè)試題型,在中考英語試卷中所占比重較大。閱讀理解題主要是考查學(xué)生綜合運(yùn)用所學(xué)語言知識(shí)的能力,包括細(xì)節(jié)理解能力、詞義判斷能力、歸納概括能力及邏輯推理能力等。大致來說,閱讀理解題主要針對(duì)如下方面:(1)個(gè)別詞語或句子;(2)某一細(xì)節(jié)或情節(jié);(3)主題;(4)背景知識(shí);(5)結(jié)論或結(jié)局;(6)內(nèi)涵隱意或寓意等。閱讀理解的題材廣泛,體裁多種,題型多樣。閱讀理解的題材廣泛,內(nèi)容包羅萬象,如有關(guān)動(dòng)植物、人物傳記、歷史、文化、環(huán)境、資源、交通、醫(yī)學(xué)、經(jīng)濟(jì)、信息等方面??傮w上說,其題材主要集中在科普知識(shí),社會(huì)文化和經(jīng)濟(jì)生活三方面。
閱讀理解文章的體裁主要有三類:敘述文、說明文和議論文。1)、敘述文 敘述文一般以講述個(gè)人生活經(jīng)歷為主,對(duì)于經(jīng)歷的陳述通常由一定的時(shí)間概念貫穿其中,或順序或倒序。但是在考試中一般不出現(xiàn)單純的敘述文,因?yàn)閱渭兊臄⑹鑫谋容^簡(jiǎn)單、易懂。所以中考中的敘述文大多是夾敘夾議的文章。這類文章的基本結(jié)構(gòu)模式是:
(1)一段概括性的話引入要敘述的經(jīng)歷(話題)(2)敘述先前的經(jīng)歷及其感悟或發(fā)現(xiàn)(3)敘述接下來的經(jīng)歷及其感悟或發(fā)現(xiàn)(4)做出總結(jié)或結(jié)論 2)、說明文(描述文)
說明文的一般結(jié)構(gòu)模式和敘述文的結(jié)構(gòu)模式有相通之處即:提出問題(或以一個(gè)事例引出問題)----發(fā)現(xiàn)直接原因-----分析深層原因-----得出結(jié)論或找到出路。知道了類似的文章結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn),就可以據(jù)此來進(jìn)行考題預(yù)測(cè)。比如,我們看出了該篇文章屬于這種結(jié)構(gòu)類型,就能判斷出幾個(gè)問題中肯定有一個(gè)要問原因,還有可能要出現(xiàn)推斷題。
3)、議論文
我們大家最容易辨認(rèn)出來的議論文模式是主張---反主張模式。在這一模式中,作者首先提出一種普遍認(rèn)可的觀點(diǎn)或某些人認(rèn)可的主張或觀點(diǎn),然后進(jìn)行澄清,說明自己的主張或觀點(diǎn),或者說提出反主張或真實(shí)情況。議論文的這種結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)決定了它的主要題型是作者觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題,文章主旨題以及推理判斷題。只要發(fā)現(xiàn)了這種結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn),解答問題的主要任務(wù)就變成了到段落內(nèi)找答案,基本上不存在任何困難。
中考閱讀理解中任何體裁的文章往往都遵循著這樣一個(gè)共同的模式:提出話題(觀點(diǎn)或事例)----用事例分析原因(或批駁觀點(diǎn))------得出結(jié)論。對(duì)文章結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)的把握有助于讀者更加自覺地關(guān)注文章的開始和結(jié)尾,分清觀點(diǎn)和事例,從而在閱讀理解中準(zhǔn)確定位,快速答題。
閱讀理解的題型主要有主觀性題型和客觀性題型。前者主要包括主旨型、推理型、作者語氣、態(tài)度型、結(jié)論型等。后者主要包括事實(shí)型、推測(cè)詞義型、指代關(guān)系型、常識(shí)題、是非題等。
書面表達(dá):
書面表達(dá)是中考英語測(cè)試的一個(gè)重要方面,綜合地考查學(xué)生運(yùn)用所學(xué)的英語知識(shí)進(jìn)行語言表達(dá)的能力。
一、書面表達(dá)題的題型特點(diǎn)
書面表達(dá)的題型看起來繁多,但都在初中階段所學(xué)的范圍之內(nèi),內(nèi)容并不多,題型多為以下幾種:
1.看圖編寫對(duì)話或短文。
2.根據(jù)圖示(或英文提示)填寫對(duì)話或短文中所缺的詞語。
3.根據(jù)中文提示編寫對(duì)話或短文。
4.根據(jù)中文(或英文)提示編寫書信、日記、通知、感謝信等。
初中階段的書面表達(dá)主要是考查學(xué)生是否具備將零亂的句子組成段落的能力,同時(shí)也是考查學(xué)生的語句組織能力。從難度上看,填寫對(duì)話或短文中所缺的詞語這一方面的題比較容易,因?yàn)榫渥邮乾F(xiàn)成的,不用自己再造??磮D編寫對(duì)話或短文則要困難一些,因?yàn)榫渥尤约壕帉?。難度最大的是按中文或英文提示寫作文,除了句子不犯語法錯(cuò)誤,單詞拼寫正確外,還要求上下文意思連貫,符合邏輯。
二、做書面表達(dá)時(shí)應(yīng)注意的幾點(diǎn)
1.書面表達(dá)雖然有一定的主觀性,但不同于其他的寫作,有它的獨(dú)特之處,學(xué)生不能離開提示自定內(nèi)容。即在做的時(shí)候,一定要注意提示或圖,切中題意。
2.提示內(nèi)容要全部寫上,不能丟掉一些材料中所包含的內(nèi)容。
3.在遣詞造句時(shí),一定要選用在課本中學(xué)過的并有把握的詞匯和句型,決不要憑自己的想像和猜測(cè)去寫,否則就有可能寫出漢語式的英文。
4.在寫短文時(shí),適當(dāng)?shù)倪\(yùn)用所學(xué)過的一些連詞,將散亂的句子連接成通順的短文。
5.若為應(yīng)用文,格式要正確,書寫要符合規(guī)范。
三、書面表達(dá)題的答題方法
做書面表達(dá)的解題技巧有:
1.對(duì)于看圖作文一定要看清畫面,了解圖示所表達(dá)的主要內(nèi)容,尤其要注意圖片中的人物、地點(diǎn)和背景;把握關(guān)鍵詞語,積極展開聯(lián)想;逐圖進(jìn)行描述,綜合起來思考。
2.對(duì)于應(yīng)用文寫作一定要仔細(xì)閱讀寫作要求、所給的提示、文字說明等材料,確定寫作的文體和格式;根據(jù)提供的寫作材料,確立主題,列出要點(diǎn);根據(jù)要點(diǎn)運(yùn)用所掌握的英語詞語和知識(shí)把要點(diǎn)適當(dāng)展開,用自己最熟悉最有把握的句型和詞匯來表達(dá)。盡可能地用多樣化的句子結(jié)構(gòu)和句型,使語言豐富、流暢。
3.寫完之后要檢查修改。要對(duì)照題目要求,認(rèn)真通讀全句、對(duì)話或短文,檢查內(nèi)容有無遺漏,時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)是否妥當(dāng),單詞的拼寫是否正確,主謂是否一致,句子的語序和表達(dá)是否符合英文習(xí)慣等,盡量減少錯(cuò)誤。
第四篇:2011中考英語試卷分析
2011中考英語試卷分析
2011年安徽省中考英語試題依據(jù)中考考綱來確定考查內(nèi)容,注重考查基礎(chǔ)知識(shí),試題內(nèi)容貼近生活,具有基礎(chǔ)性、時(shí)代性、廣泛性、、多樣性、及開放性,同時(shí)對(duì)學(xué)生的創(chuàng)新精神與綜合實(shí)踐能力提出了更高的要求。
一、注重基礎(chǔ),傳遞“減負(fù)”理念。
2011年中考英語試卷題型穩(wěn)定,講究應(yīng)用,題干簡(jiǎn)潔明了,始終體現(xiàn)了“基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)和基本技能”的基礎(chǔ)要求,整卷都體現(xiàn)了這一理念,有利于引導(dǎo)學(xué)生擺脫題海,落實(shí)“減負(fù)”要求。同時(shí)對(duì)考生理解真實(shí)語言材料提出了相應(yīng)要求,考查學(xué)生的綜合能力。試卷仍然分為聽力與筆試兩部分,考試內(nèi)容涵蓋初中英語教材80%的話題及相關(guān)語言知識(shí),話題涉及家人、朋友、學(xué)習(xí)、文化、名人介紹、跨文化交際等《課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》要求的相關(guān)內(nèi)容。試題設(shè)置兼顧了課標(biāo)、教材與我省的教學(xué)實(shí)際。
二、有效反映考生學(xué)業(yè)水平
今年英語試卷的試題在注重基礎(chǔ)的同時(shí),也保證了梯度,有的題目看上去容易,但如果不夠細(xì)心,也容易失分。這樣的設(shè)置既保證了絕大部分學(xué)生都能得到最基本的分?jǐn)?shù),其難度也得到了有效的控制。比如在單項(xiàng)填空題型中,檢測(cè)了學(xué)生對(duì)冠詞、形容詞、代詞、名詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞等基本詞形的掌握情況;而情境對(duì)話題中,學(xué)生的語境理解能力再一次受到了挑戰(zhàn);再如閱讀理解的閱讀量雖然不大,但少數(shù)題目的設(shè)置對(duì)學(xué)生的綜合理解運(yùn)用能力仍然有一定的要求。
三、貼近生活,承載德育功能
本次英語試卷所選的語言材料貼近生活,突出了試題的價(jià)值立意和教育功能,體現(xiàn)了新課改的教學(xué)理念。例如閱讀理解的D篇,對(duì)卓別林的生平事跡介紹就有很強(qiáng)的價(jià)值觀教育;而作文題要求考生寫一封回信,告訴他在美國(guó)的筆友Lisa中國(guó)學(xué)生的假期生活,內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)與學(xué)生生活息息相關(guān),學(xué)生都會(huì)有話可說,容易下筆,同時(shí)要點(diǎn)提示的假期生活安排也承載了德育功能,向?qū)W生傳遞了積極生活,充實(shí)生活的理念。它既測(cè)試了考生的英語寫作能力,也能引導(dǎo)他們的價(jià)值取向。
四、對(duì)今后教學(xué)的啟示
今年的中考英語試題給我們的啟示是:全面發(fā)展學(xué)生的綜合語言運(yùn)用能力才能真正提高學(xué)生的英語水平,并在學(xué)業(yè)考試中取得好成績(jī)。教學(xué)要求應(yīng)與《課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》的要求保持一致,脫離《課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》的要求只會(huì)無端加重學(xué)生課業(yè)負(fù)擔(dān),而不能真正提高學(xué)生學(xué)業(yè)水平。
第五篇:2013中考英語試卷分析
夢(mèng)飛教育內(nèi)部資料庫
2013中考英語試卷分析
2013年初中畢業(yè)學(xué)業(yè)考試英語學(xué)科試卷嚴(yán)格依據(jù)《義務(wù)教育英語課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》(教育部,2011)(以下簡(jiǎn)稱《課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》)和《2013年安徽省初中畢業(yè)學(xué)業(yè)考試綱要》(安徽省教育科學(xué)研究院,2013)(以下簡(jiǎn)稱《考試綱要》)為指導(dǎo),結(jié)合我省初中英語教學(xué)實(shí)際,面向全體學(xué)生,注重城鄉(xiāng)差異,試題設(shè)計(jì)科學(xué)規(guī)范,符合新課程理念,體現(xiàn)了初中畢業(yè)學(xué)業(yè)考試在水平的基礎(chǔ)上兼顧選拔的功能。
一、回顧五年中考,把握命題規(guī)律
安徽省英語學(xué)科畢業(yè)學(xué)業(yè)考試卷近五年總體難度系數(shù)和試題題型較為平穩(wěn),穩(wěn)中有變,推陳出新,體現(xiàn)終結(jié)性評(píng)價(jià)的公平、公正。最近的五年中考試卷命制嚴(yán)格按照《考試綱要》要求,保證各種中考題型基本不變,試卷各個(gè)題型中試題的由易到難比例為7:2:1。比較起來2010、2013年試題難度相對(duì)大一些,2009、2011和2012三年試卷較為容易。
聽力部分:2009—2013五年中考聽力測(cè)試保持題型和權(quán)重不變,總共五大題,總分30分,占總分值20%,嚴(yán)格按照考綱進(jìn)行設(shè)置。今年中考英語聽力材料口語化傾向,話題均來源于生活,體現(xiàn)了《課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》和《考試綱要》上的11個(gè)功能意念,和24個(gè)話題項(xiàng)目??疾鞂W(xué)生對(duì)口頭材料的理解和獲取信息能力。例如,2010年中考聽力的第12小題,How often does the man have a general health check-up? A.Once a year B.Twice a year C.Every two years聽力材料:—Have you got a general hea1th check-up this year?—Yes, the resu1t is very good!I have it once a year.本題涉及健康話題(24個(gè)話題的第13項(xiàng))。
聽力考察題型有:關(guān)鍵詞語選擇,短對(duì)話理解,長(zhǎng)對(duì)話理解,短文理解和信息轉(zhuǎn)換等幾種形式。由易到難層層推進(jìn),當(dāng)學(xué)生完成短對(duì)話理解和長(zhǎng)對(duì)話理解,也漸漸熟悉聽力考試中播放的語音語調(diào),然后進(jìn)入短文理解和信息轉(zhuǎn)化,前者聽力材料多為幽默故事,例如2010、2011、2012和2013均為相同體裁,學(xué)生喜聞樂見,設(shè)問一般為why, what, how, who等,相對(duì)而言what問題較多,考察學(xué)生獲取故事中基本信息的能力。最后一題信息轉(zhuǎn)化。聽力測(cè)試難度最大的一題,考察學(xué)生攝取信息能力,同時(shí)還要考察學(xué)生書寫能力。
英語知識(shí)運(yùn)用:英語知識(shí)運(yùn)用包括單項(xiàng)選擇完形填空和補(bǔ)全對(duì)話,分值為55分,考察學(xué)生在微語境下運(yùn)用英語知識(shí)解決問題的能力。近五年的單項(xiàng)選擇試題側(cè)重考察學(xué)生的英語語言交際能力,多采用短對(duì)話形式(2012年對(duì)話13小題;2010年15小題),即使不是對(duì)話也設(shè)置微型語境,較少對(duì)純語法和詞匯知識(shí)考查,例如,2012年43小題,—Could you tell me he came here? —He drove here himself.A.how B.why C.when D.whether(答案:A)。本題考查賓語從句中特殊疑問詞的選用,考生只有讀懂對(duì)話,根據(jù)答案提示才能正確選擇答案。幾乎每道單選題都設(shè)置語境。完形填空題依然選擇兩篇短文,20小題,每題1.5分,體裁一般是一篇記敘文,一篇說明文。題材多為小故事大道理,富有哲理,寓意深刻。說明文有科普、文化、風(fēng)俗等短文,體現(xiàn)了語言是文化的載體,在語言學(xué)習(xí)同時(shí)少不了人文思想傳播。在設(shè)題形式上有很多值得我們關(guān)注的規(guī)律,多考查動(dòng)詞、名詞,形容詞在語境中辯析與運(yùn)用,(2011年占16小題;2012年占17小題)。不再單純考察語言形式,所給四個(gè)選項(xiàng)均從語法角度為正確選項(xiàng),考生只有讀懂語境,熟悉所給四個(gè)選項(xiàng)意義區(qū)別,才能做出正確判斷。真正意義上考查學(xué)生綜合語言運(yùn)用能力。
閱讀理解:閱讀理解注重考查學(xué)生對(duì)多種體裁和題材書面問題的閱讀和理解能力,考生應(yīng)該在規(guī)定的時(shí)限內(nèi)閱讀四篇短文,提取必要信息,完成20題客觀性試題??荚嚥牧鲜菍W(xué)生生活中熟悉的材料,也是《課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》和《考試綱要》上面規(guī)定的話題。從下面表格中可以對(duì)比分析近五年安徽中考閱讀理解試題選材的特點(diǎn):
語篇 A B C D
2009年 多國(guó)生日文化 哲理故事 海報(bào)
(國(guó)際夏令營(yíng))科普短文(改善記憶)
2010年 有關(guān)文化差異的趣味短文 勵(lì)志故事 問卷調(diào)查 人物傳記
2011年 有關(guān)色彩與性格的科普短文 4幅餐飲廣告 一封求助的1夢(mèng)飛教育,你身邊的輔導(dǎo)專家!
書信 卓別林人物傳記
2012年 達(dá)芬奇
人物傳記 哲理故事 美國(guó)學(xué)校的布告欄 關(guān)于性格分析的小品文
2013年 有關(guān)工作時(shí)間的趣味短文 哲理故事 全英語辭典
節(jié)選 提高記憶力的建議
從近五年對(duì)比表上可以看出,閱讀理解選材多是小故事大道理,文化習(xí)俗,科普短文,海報(bào)、廣告、信件等多種體裁的應(yīng)用文,注重考查學(xué)生綜合運(yùn)用英語語言的能力,研究20小題考查形式多為細(xì)節(jié)提取,推理判斷,主旨大意,猜測(cè)詞義,選擇標(biāo)題等形式,2011年和2012年細(xì)節(jié)提取相對(duì)多一些,因此閱讀試題難度下降,2009年和2010年,細(xì)節(jié)提取試題減少,推理判斷增加,因此試卷難度加大。一份試卷的難易程度很大程度上取決于閱讀理解試題的設(shè)計(jì)。
寫:寫的部分分為單詞拼寫和書面表達(dá),分值為25分。前者雖然只考5分,但是意義重大,要求考生在初三最后階段要認(rèn)真復(fù)習(xí)考綱上呈現(xiàn)的1600左右單詞,這些單詞和學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)的教材不兼容,簡(jiǎn)言之,每一個(gè)版本教材少則幾十,多則一百多個(gè)生詞。這些生詞必須認(rèn)真學(xué)習(xí),毫不懈怠。近五年考查的25個(gè)單詞沒有生僻詞,但是考查的詞義未必是學(xué)生熟悉的,例如,2012年第100題paper,學(xué)生多知道是紙張的意思,而很多考生不知道有試卷,論文的意思。2009年的99小題,fruit,學(xué)生知道水果,但是試卷上給的是果實(shí),很多學(xué)生因不熟悉沒有寫出來。因此最后強(qiáng)化詞匯學(xué)習(xí)和復(fù)習(xí)是一舉多得的事情。無論是閱讀理解還是完形填空,乃至?xí)姹磉_(dá)都少不了詞匯支撐。
2009年至2013年書面表達(dá)有一定的梯度,相對(duì)于2009、2011和2012年而言,2010和2013兩年的書面表達(dá)要難一些,主要是語言表達(dá)難度加大,2009年寫一個(gè)關(guān)于“清涼油使用”的便條和2010年關(guān)于“環(huán)保”建議的電子郵件,前者學(xué)生必須使用到幾個(gè)生詞,后者涉及環(huán)保話題,是初中階段比較有難度的話題。2011、2012和2013年三年書面表達(dá)涉及暑假生活、與人相處和如何和父親度過“父親節(jié)”都是學(xué)生熟悉的日常生活,學(xué)生寫起來有話可說,有感可言,自然順手。2012年書面表達(dá)還給出英語提示,又進(jìn)一步降低書寫難度。
二、解讀2013試卷,把脈復(fù)習(xí)策略
2013年安徽初中畢業(yè)學(xué)業(yè)考試英語科試卷結(jié)構(gòu)穩(wěn)定,題型趨于成熟,設(shè)計(jì)科學(xué)嚴(yán)謹(jǐn),無繁、難、偏、怪題,具有一定的靈活性和開放性。今年的試題難度總體較2012年略有提高,以書面表達(dá)試題為例,2013年給出所有要點(diǎn)相對(duì)于2012年,沒有英語提示,大大提高了寫作難度。閱讀理解的文本信息有所增加,雖然20小題中考察細(xì)節(jié)性試題依然占半數(shù),較2011、2012年同類試題相比,2013年推理判斷,主旨大意,猜測(cè)詞義等難度相對(duì)較大的題所占比例有所增加。全縣各校英語試題難度系數(shù)表見文后附表。
2013年聽力考察從語音語速方面,從聽力材料和聽力試題的設(shè)計(jì)方面沿襲我省一貫題型,(五大題,30小題計(jì)30分)由易到難,語速舒緩,語音純正,語言地道,較往年試卷相比有幾個(gè)亮點(diǎn),10小題短對(duì)話考察多個(gè)話題和功能意念項(xiàng)目,例如,飲食,建議,計(jì)劃,交通,日?;顒?dòng),購(gòu)物,價(jià)格,地理等。其次,長(zhǎng)對(duì)話理解選取的素材比較新穎,例如18—20小題,考察功能意念中的打電話,內(nèi)容涉及到怎樣進(jìn)行預(yù)約,考察學(xué)生對(duì)電話內(nèi)容的理解,26—30小題校園大甩賣話題,涉及時(shí)間、人物、內(nèi)容、原因等多個(gè)話題,短文容量較大,考察學(xué)生短時(shí)間內(nèi)的記憶能力。
根據(jù)隨機(jī)抽取100名考生統(tǒng)計(jì)計(jì)算得出的數(shù)據(jù),聽力試題2、3、4、5、7、8、10小題得分率較高,均在90%以上,得分率最低的第30小題,只有11%,考查學(xué)生單詞書寫,這一題考察的單詞是形式上較為容易的單詞full,恰恰就是因?yàn)槿菀祝趶?fù)習(xí)時(shí)大家忽視它,考場(chǎng)上很難想起來。
2013年單項(xiàng)選擇題考察學(xué)生在微語境中綜合運(yùn)用英語語言知識(shí)的能力,仔細(xì)分析20小題,有以下幾個(gè)特點(diǎn),第一、每道試題都給考生設(shè)置語境,考察一個(gè)基本知識(shí)點(diǎn),考查比較廣泛,考查涉及語言知識(shí)項(xiàng)目又突出語言的交際功能。第二、語言親切自然,富有人文色彩,例如33小題:—Would you like some milk?—_____.A.Yes, please B.The same to you C.Help yourself D.My pleasure學(xué)生能讀出出題者的關(guān)心和溫暖,像這樣的試題還有32小題關(guān)注交通安全,35小題為人之道,38小題母親之愛,42小題鼓勵(lì)他人等等。第三、動(dòng)詞和動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)(32、36、39、43、46、48小題),和交際用語(33、42、50小題)是考試的重點(diǎn),另外還考查到了形容詞、副詞、連詞等,對(duì)比其
他省市試卷,我省中考試卷更加側(cè)重于語言知識(shí)在語境中的實(shí)際運(yùn)用能力考查。
抽取的樣本中得分最高為20分,最低分3分,得分率較高的是31、35、36、40、44等小題,最低的是33、37、43和50小題,得分率在45%左右。其中33和50小題考查的是交際用語,有較大的靈活性,要求學(xué)生熟練掌握《考試綱要》列出的功能意念項(xiàng)目表和話題項(xiàng)目表。因此對(duì)于考綱列出的18項(xiàng)語法項(xiàng)目表要進(jìn)行逐一復(fù)習(xí),在最后第二輪語言知識(shí)項(xiàng)目復(fù)習(xí)時(shí),精選真題,精讀精練,切忌題海戰(zhàn)術(shù)。
2013年完形填空主要通過閱讀來考查學(xué)生的語言知識(shí)和綜合運(yùn)用語言知識(shí)的能力,是將詞匯運(yùn)用和閱讀融為一體的的題材,不僅對(duì)學(xué)生英語知識(shí)和能力進(jìn)行多角度的考查,而且對(duì)其思維能力在較高層次(如聯(lián)想、推理、歸納等)進(jìn)行檢測(cè)。它要求學(xué)生不僅要具有一定的詞匯、句型和語法知識(shí),從句子層次上來考慮單詞搭配、習(xí)慣用法和語法等,而且還要具備閱讀能力、綜合分析能力和運(yùn)用語言知識(shí)的能力。今年的完型填空分為A、B兩部分,這兩部分別講述了父母對(duì)孩子關(guān)愛和目光的交流在人際關(guān)系的重要性,同時(shí)關(guān)注的是當(dāng)今社會(huì)中的二大主題——關(guān)愛家庭和社會(huì)和諧的生活。錯(cuò)誤率較高的是56和64題,其原因是部分學(xué)生在沒有看懂上下文而錯(cuò)選答案所造成的。今年20小題中考查動(dòng)詞有52、53、60、63、65、70等小題;考察名詞有57、59、61、67、69等5小題;考察形容詞有56、58、62、68等小題,名詞、動(dòng)詞、和形容詞占總數(shù)80%。因此沖刺階段我們應(yīng)該從全國(guó)中考真題中選出一些具有代表性的試題,尤其是考查的內(nèi)容是實(shí)詞為主的試題進(jìn)行實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練,做到事半功倍。
2013年閱讀理解較全國(guó)其他省市閱讀理解相比有以下特點(diǎn)。
一、閱讀理解素材選取體現(xiàn)了多樣性,真實(shí)性,實(shí)用性,考察學(xué)生綜合運(yùn)用語言能力,四篇閱讀四種不同體裁,體現(xiàn)跨文化交際,其中A篇介紹各個(gè)國(guó)家對(duì)工作時(shí)間的不同看法,B篇介紹思想的力量,C篇是全英辭典的節(jié)選,D篇是提高記憶力的幾條建議,真正從多角度體現(xiàn)《義務(wù)教育課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》的課程理念。
二、題型設(shè)計(jì)講究多層次、多角度、難易搭配,例如每一篇的前兩題或者前三題都是細(xì)節(jié)性試題或是事實(shí)認(rèn)定,讓學(xué)生得心應(yīng)手,舒心應(yīng)考,再次體現(xiàn)人本思想。
三、20小題的設(shè)計(jì)在照顧大部分考生的同時(shí)也體現(xiàn)了終結(jié)性測(cè)試的層次性和選拔性,例如,79、80、84、85、94、95等小題考察學(xué)生推理判斷的能力,獲取甄別信息能力。因此,閱讀理解部分的復(fù)習(xí)應(yīng)該要求教師和學(xué)生多研究、多思考,在復(fù)習(xí)詞匯、語法等語言基礎(chǔ)要點(diǎn)的同時(shí),還應(yīng)該挑選不同題材和體裁的短文進(jìn)行實(shí)戰(zhàn)演練,限時(shí)閱讀,技巧點(diǎn)撥,真題強(qiáng)化等,通過最后階段復(fù)習(xí)切實(shí)提高學(xué)生應(yīng)試技巧和應(yīng)試能力。
2012年寫作部分分為單詞拼寫和短文寫作,今年考查五個(gè)詞:free、voice、saves、list、knock,均為比較容易的詞匯,但是,閱卷現(xiàn)場(chǎng)反饋信息是,free寫成frea,把knock寫成knook,忘記給save加上s等,根據(jù)抽樣調(diào)查,5個(gè)單詞的得分率均低于50%,五個(gè)單詞得分率最高的是96小題,最低的是99小題,可見最后階段的詞匯復(fù)習(xí)勢(shì)在必行。書面表達(dá)試題設(shè)計(jì)2012年難度有所上升,主要是相對(duì)于2012年沒有英語提示,讓基礎(chǔ)比較薄弱的學(xué)生難于下筆。但書面表達(dá)貼近學(xué)生生活,給出的輔助性說明及語境合理,內(nèi)容清楚,讓學(xué)生有話可說。書面表達(dá)畢竟是難度較大的試題,即使客觀題做得比較好的學(xué)生也存在不少問題。本題的得分率僅為36.5%,是哲體試卷得分率最低的一題。其中的主要錯(cuò)誤表現(xiàn)為:英語表達(dá)能力差、病句較多、單詞拼寫錯(cuò)誤多、層次不清晰,卷面欠整潔等??傊瑫姹磉_(dá)分值為20分,既考查學(xué)生寫作能力,也考查語言綜合運(yùn)用能力。因此,寫作能力的培養(yǎng)不是朝夕之功,需要我們堅(jiān)持不懈,初
一、初二階段需要強(qiáng)化語言的輸入,只有在起始年級(jí)進(jìn)行足夠的輸入,才能得到量變到質(zhì)變的過程。2011年《義務(wù)教育課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》五級(jí)閱讀要求課外閱讀需要1500詞以上。只有足量的輸入才能在最后輸出階段有良好的表現(xiàn),寫作部分才能有出彩的展示。
三、依據(jù)《課標(biāo)》、《綱要》,迎戰(zhàn)2014中考
1、正確把握命題導(dǎo)向
新課改實(shí)施以來,傳統(tǒng)的課堂觀念發(fā)生了重大變化。在教學(xué)過程中要改滿堂灌的注入式教學(xué)為師生、生生互動(dòng)的啟發(fā)式教學(xué),英語教師不再是高高在上的權(quán)威,而應(yīng)是課程的組織者、引領(lǐng)者和實(shí)施者。教師不僅要教會(huì)學(xué)生語言知識(shí),更要教會(huì)學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)方法;教師不僅教教材,更重要的是學(xué)會(huì)用教材去教。這就要求教師正確把握命題方向,豐富課程資源,注意營(yíng)造英語環(huán)境,重視鍛煉英語思維,不搞題海戰(zhàn)術(shù)和死記硬背,以培養(yǎng)學(xué)生聽、說、讀、寫的語用能力為目標(biāo),兼容并蓄,齊頭并進(jìn)。
2、提高學(xué)生閱讀能力
閱讀是人們學(xué)習(xí)和傳遞知識(shí)與信息的重要途徑。長(zhǎng)期以來,培養(yǎng)閱讀能力一直是語言學(xué)科重要的課程目標(biāo)。通過閱讀,學(xué)習(xí)者不僅可以學(xué)到英語詞匯和語言知識(shí),增強(qiáng)語感,提高語言學(xué)習(xí)的水平,更可以獲取信息,提高分析和解決問題的能力。就應(yīng)試而言,閱讀理解也是考生失分較多的項(xiàng)目。因此,教師應(yīng)關(guān)注語篇教學(xué)。教給學(xué)生閱讀技巧,如捕捉關(guān)鍵句,教會(huì)學(xué)生速讀、精讀、略讀、跳讀、復(fù)讀和根據(jù)上下文猜測(cè)詞義等方法,注重選材內(nèi)容的教育性、時(shí)代性、生活性和多樣性,在不同的情景中培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的邏輯思維能力和分析判斷能力并進(jìn)而提高學(xué)生自主閱讀的能力。
3、注重培養(yǎng)學(xué)生寫作能力
新課改實(shí)驗(yàn)以來,英語課堂發(fā)生了質(zhì)的變化,一個(gè)顯著的變化就是學(xué)生的口語表達(dá)能力有了長(zhǎng)足的進(jìn)步,但不容忽視的是有的學(xué)生的基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)和基本技能卻滑坡了,從這次中考的數(shù)據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)不難看出,聽力部分第V題聽短文,寫信息以及第I題書面表達(dá)失分最多。很多學(xué)生在考試中不能正確使用所學(xué)語法、詞匯和句型有效地組織句子,準(zhǔn)確度不高。因此,英語課堂教學(xué)要做到“兩手抓,兩手硬,即要注重聽說能力的培養(yǎng),又要重視對(duì)學(xué)生寫的技能的培養(yǎng)。關(guān)鍵是找到二者之間的切入點(diǎn),加強(qiáng)筆頭訓(xùn)練,激發(fā)寫作興趣,提高寫作技巧,由易到難,問題也就不難解決。