第一篇：2015年高考英語短文改錯(cuò)解題技巧(學(xué)生)（寫寫幫推薦）

2016年高考英語短文改錯(cuò)解題技巧

一、短文改錯(cuò)常見考點(diǎn)設(shè)置：

1.考點(diǎn)設(shè)置之名詞

命題特點(diǎn):本來用復(fù)數(shù),卻用單數(shù).改正方法:(1)根據(jù)名詞前的修飾限定成份;

(2)根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系.詳解：

1）.She said that she and my schoolmate all wished me success.2）.After class we become stranger at once.3）.They want me to devote all my time to my studies so that I’ll get marks in all my subject.4）.On the way up I was busy taking picture since the scenery was so beautiful.5）.There are advantage for students to work while studying at school.6）.He had no ideas that the kitchen was not for guests.7）.I looked at his other hands.2.考點(diǎn)設(shè)置之代詞

命題特點(diǎn)：1.女性代詞指代男性或相反；2.單數(shù)指代復(fù)數(shù)；3.代詞詞性誤用。改正方法：聯(lián)系上下文的邏輯關(guān)系。

代詞的錯(cuò)誤特點(diǎn)：1.人稱代詞的偷換錯(cuò)誤

2.缺少人稱代詞的錯(cuò)誤

3.人稱代詞數(shù)的一致問題

4.人稱代詞格的一致問題 詳解：

1）The Smiths did his best to make me feel at home.2）I have a good friend who’s name is Liu Mei.3）It was about noon when we arrived at the foot of the mountain.The three of them were very excited.4）Soon I began to enjoy talking to myself on paper as I was learning to express me in simple English.5）One day I wrote a little story and showed to my teacher.1 6）Some students may also save up for our college or future use.7）I took it in me and we walked.3.考點(diǎn)設(shè)置之介詞

命題特點(diǎn)及改正方法：介詞涉及搭配錯(cuò)誤，因此可從以下方面確定錯(cuò)誤：1）介詞的基本用法；2）習(xí)慣搭配；3）動(dòng)詞詞類確定錯(cuò)誤，如talk， serve, wait等。介詞短語常?？?，固定搭配要記牢。介詞后邊跟賓語，結(jié)合語境細(xì)推敲。詳解：

1）We do not seem to get much time to talk about together.2）I was so tired that I fell asleep at the moment my head touched the pillow.3）The main problem was in that I always thought in Chinese and tried to translate anything into English.4）We’ll talk with our plan for the weekend over dinner.5）I am writing to thank you with your kind help.6）He was looking for a glass the cupboard.7）Each these lines stands for a trouble in my life.4.考點(diǎn)設(shè)置之時(shí)態(tài)

命題特點(diǎn)及改正方法：現(xiàn)在時(shí)與過去時(shí)的誤用，句中一般沒有時(shí)間狀語。每年都考。要注意聯(lián)系上下文，著眼于整個(gè)語篇的時(shí)態(tài)。通常整篇都是過去，突然一個(gè)句子用現(xiàn)在時(shí)。其中又以一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和過去時(shí)互改為多。詳解：

1）They did not want me to do any work at home;they want me to devote all my time to my studies so that---2）The time passes quickly.Evening came.3）She liked it very much and reads it to the class.4）I don’t know that they don’t like to talk with me.Sometimes, we talked to each other very well in class.5）I will write again and send you the photos we take together.6）We had guests last night who have not stayed in a B&B hotel ago.5.andbutor誤用及前后不一致

命題特點(diǎn)：主要考查and、or、but、so等并列連詞的誤用。改正方法；1）根據(jù)句意確定誤； 2）根據(jù)句子的邏輯關(guān)系確定錯(cuò)誤。詳解：

1)She is smiling at me but nodding at me.2）It looks as if my parents treat me as a visitor and a guest.3）The food was expensive and the service was good.4）I came into the living room and saw one of them just go through the kitchen door but turn on the light.5）We fed monkeys, visiting temples and told stories.6）She liked it very much and reads it to the class.6.考點(diǎn)設(shè)置之從句連詞

命題特點(diǎn)及改正方法：句子結(jié)構(gòu)方面的錯(cuò)誤主要涉及句子成份和復(fù)合句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞等。解答這類題從以下方面來思考：1）句子結(jié)構(gòu)是否完整，成份是否冗缺；2）復(fù)合句中邊接方句和從句的關(guān)系詞或引導(dǎo)詞的運(yùn)用是否得當(dāng)?shù)取Ｔ斀猓?/p>

1）It was about noon we arrived at the foot of the mountain.2）I don’t know that they don’t like to talk with me.3）The main problem was in that I always thought inChinese and tried to translate everything into English.4）What things are in other homes, I wonder.5）Earning their own money allows them to spend on anything as if they please.6）They did not want breakfast because that they were going out early in the morning.7.考點(diǎn)設(shè)置之冠詞

命題特點(diǎn)及改正方法：英語中冠詞只有三個(gè)，只能從以下幾個(gè)方向出題：1）不定冠詞a和an互改；2）不定冠詞a或an和定冠詞the互改；3）根據(jù)需要增刪冠詞。詳解：

1）As everyone knows, it’s famous mountain with all kinds of plants and animals.2）We may be one family and live under a same roof, but---3）On Thursday I will have to decide what I want to do over a weekend.4）I hope you’ve had pleasant journey home 8.考點(diǎn)設(shè)置之形容詞和副詞

命題特點(diǎn)及改正方法：主要考查形容詞和副詞的誤用、形容詞及副詞的比較級(jí)等。1）根據(jù)adj.或adv.的基本用法確定錯(cuò)誤；2）修飾連系動(dòng)詞或名詞用形容詞；3）修飾行為動(dòng)詞、形容詞、過去分詞及整個(gè)句子用副詞。詳解：

1）I would describe myself as shy and quietly.2）There have been reports in America about people tryingto steal person information for bad purposes.3）Finding information on the Net is easily.4）So what I learned from the job was much more important as what I earned.5）My pronunciation was terribly.6）They came back lately and had some tea.9.考點(diǎn)設(shè)置之非謂語動(dòng)詞

命題特點(diǎn)改正方法：1）謂語動(dòng)詞和非謂語動(dòng)詞的錯(cuò)用；2）動(dòng)詞不定式和動(dòng)名詞的錯(cuò)用；3）現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞的錯(cuò)用等。詳解：

1）Earning their own money allow them to spend on anything as they please.2）My parents will do all they can make sure that I get a good education.3）Soon I began to enjoy talk to myself on paper as I was learning to express myself in simple English.4）We fed monkeys, visiting temples and told stories.5）Some students may also to save up for our college or future use.二、短文改錯(cuò)口訣

動(dòng)詞形，名詞數(shù)，還要注意形和副；非謂語，細(xì)辨別，習(xí)慣用法要記?。?句子成分多分析，邏輯錯(cuò)誤須關(guān)注；冠詞連詞常光顧.詳解：

（一）動(dòng)詞形：主要包括兩類錯(cuò)誤：動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)錯(cuò)誤，以及主、謂不一致的錯(cuò)誤。動(dòng)詞形常見錯(cuò)誤：

1）一般過去時(shí)與一般 現(xiàn)在時(shí)錯(cuò)用。2）第三人稱單數(shù)形式錯(cuò)用。

2）and 前后動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)不一致。(and具有對(duì)稱性）4）主謂不一致。5）缺少謂語動(dòng)詞（尤其缺be動(dòng)詞）6）主動(dòng)語態(tài)與被動(dòng)語態(tài)錯(cuò)用

7）Used to 的運(yùn)用錯(cuò)誤

（二）名詞數(shù)：指名詞單、復(fù)數(shù)形式的用法錯(cuò)誤。常表現(xiàn)為將名詞復(fù)數(shù)寫成單數(shù)。改正方法：

１）根據(jù)名詞前的修飾限定成份．２）根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系．

（三）還要注意形和副：注意形容詞和副詞在句子中的作用和具體用法。這也是高考短文改錯(cuò)題的常考點(diǎn)。命題特點(diǎn)及改正方法：主要考查形容詞和副詞的誤用、形容詞及副詞的比較級(jí)等。根據(jù)adj或adv的基本用法確定錯(cuò)誤；修飾連系動(dòng)詞或名詞用形容詞；修飾行為動(dòng)詞、形容詞、過去分詞及整個(gè)句子用副詞。

（四）非謂語，細(xì)辨別：這是考查最多的錯(cuò)誤形式之一。主要有現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞，動(dòng)名詞和不定式錯(cuò)誤。1）不定式2）動(dòng)名詞作主語、賓語3）and 連接的不定式或動(dòng)名詞前后一致（尤其距離較遠(yuǎn)時(shí)）4）現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞的區(qū)別等。

（五）習(xí)慣用法要記?。褐饕疾榱?xí)慣搭配方面的基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)，其錯(cuò)誤表現(xiàn)形式主要有三種：多詞、少詞和搭配錯(cuò)誤。

（六）句子成分多分析：不同的句子成分要用不同的詞類；不同的語境要選擇不同的詞語。只有對(duì)句子結(jié)構(gòu)和成分作細(xì)致的分析，才能找出用詞不當(dāng)?shù)腻e(cuò)誤。

（七）邏輯錯(cuò)誤須關(guān)注：與句子的上、下文不一致，甚至相矛盾，屬于邏輯性錯(cuò)誤，如稱謂上的張冠李戴。

（八）冠詞連詞常光顧：常考的錯(cuò)誤形式有：連詞but，and，or和so的用法錯(cuò)誤，以及冠詞的用法錯(cuò)誤等。

三.短文改錯(cuò)小結(jié) 做短文改錯(cuò)應(yīng)采取六個(gè)步驟和四不改。六個(gè)步驟：

（1）通讀短文，整體把握短文大意。

（2）細(xì)讀全文，逐句分析，把握結(jié)構(gòu)，逐一作答。（3）粗略分析詞法、句法、邏輯上是否有問題。

（4）逐行修改，先易后難。（5）復(fù)讀全文，驗(yàn)證答案。

（6）要注意答題是否合乎規(guī)范。四不改: ①標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)不改。②大小寫不改。③詞序錯(cuò)誤不改（不是不改，而是按錯(cuò)詞或少詞來改)。

④在綱外生詞不改。文中出現(xiàn)帶漢語注釋的詞，在句中不可能用錯(cuò).(一)Friendship is importance.Everyone needs friendship.In all our lives we can’t live without

friendship just like we can’t live without air and water.Friendship makes us getting on well

with one another to go ahead under different kinds of difficulties in front of us.But real

friendship is easy to come by, true friendship must be sincerely and be based on understand

each other but not on benefits of each other.A good friend can always be a good teacher to us.By his advice we are persuading to go the right way.Therefore more friends we have, the

better we can improve ourself.(二)Not all people like to work and everyone likes to play.All over the world men and

woman, boys and girls enjoy sports.Since many years ago, many adults and children called

their friends together to spend hours, even days play games.One of reasons why people like to

play is that sports help them to live happily.In other words, they help to keep people strong and

health.If people are playing games, they move a lot of.That is why sports are good activities

for their health.Having fun with their friends make them happy.Many people enjoy sports by

watch others play.(三)I feel quite sure the chemistry test that we’re going to have tomorrow.The teacher has already told us exact

what to study and I think my grades on homework has been good．In a fact, I think chemistry has always been one

of the subjects that I enjoy it most.Susan and I had already spent two hours review pages 115-140 tonight.We are

going to devote another hour to practise with some of the sample(實(shí)例)problem.Then I will ready for the test.(四)It was 7:15 in the morning of February 8, 2007． I was walking along Park Road towards the east while an old man came out of the park on the other sides of the

street． Then I saw a yellow car drive up Third Street and made a right turn into Park Road． The next moment the car hit the man while she was crossing the road． He fell with a cry． The car didn’t stop and drive off at full speed heading west． I noticed the driver was young woman wore a pair of glasses and the plate number was AC864． After two minutes later, I stopped a passed car and took the old man to the nearest hospital．(五)I often quarrel about my mother over whether I can watch TV after school.She holds view that senior three students have to make fully use of every minute to work hard at their lessons.It seems to me that once I am allowed to do that, I’ll unable to control myself and forget all about my study.She also thinks it is bad for my eye.But I really can’t accept her ideas.In my opinion, watch TV can set my mind at rest after a day’s hard works.Besides, it is important for us to know what had happened at home and at abroad.Thus, we shouldn’t be forbidden to watch TV.(六)Dear Mr.Johnson, I’ve learned from a newspaper that some clerks are wanting in your company.I am eager to being one of them.So I am writing the letter.My name is zhang Hua.I was born in the Hebei Province and I am in good health.I’ve just graduated in the Computer Department of Wuhan University.I did very good in all subjects and I am especial good at computer studies and English.I can read science books in English and doing some writing in English as well.Beside, I know a little French.And in my spare time ,I enjoy playing basketball.As is said that your company is very famous and I’ll very glad if you let me work for it.My telephone number is 027-89276628．I am looking forward to hearing from you soon.(七)Dear Robert, Thank for your letter of May 12th.How glad I was when I get it.I’d be very happy to be your pen friends.Now allow me introduce myself to you.I’m a boy student aged seventeen, study in Senior Three of Hongqi High School.I’m a monitor of my class.I am about to take the National Matriculation Entrance Test after twenty days, that is, between June 7 and 8．You know, I want very much to be a doctor working for poor peasants that I try to make fully use of every hour and study far into the night every day.Best wishes！

(八)One day Rosa wrote to her friend, who was a doctor, invite him to have dinner with her families.A few days later the doctor wrote back to her but she couldn’t read his writing because the letters were written careless.Then she asked her husband for the help, but he couldn’t read it, too.Then her husband got an idea.He told her that a chemist might be able read the doctor’s letter.So the woman went to chemist’s.The chemist in the shop studied the letter for a long time but he gave her a large bottle of medicine.He told the woman she would eat twelve pills a day.Finally Rosa still had no idea whether her friend will come or not.(九)Have you ever heard the saying: All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy? What this means is if you study all the times you will become a boring person．You must go out and have a fun with your friends, otherwise you’ll lose them．No one wants to be friends with anyone who only talks work and study．Perhaps you have a confidence problem．Please try remember what the work you do is for yourself but no one else．You don’t have to compete for your classmates．No one could be happier in studying seven days and seven nights.(十)Our class held a discussion about that whether music should be played during the break or

not.The opinions are divided.Most of students think that music should be played.As we know，music can produce a lively and happy atmosphere.However, after hard study music can bring

us relaxation, which reduce the tiredness.This can help us make full preparations for the next

class.Listen to music also makes us feel happy.On the other hand, some students didn’t think

so.In their opinion, they can’t get the expecting effect from playing music, for the class break

time is too short.What is needed most during the class break is peace instead noise produced

by music.In my opinion, it is good to play some soft and peace music during the class break.In

this way students can enjoy music as good as have a good rest.(十一)One day some people on the shore heard the cry for help.They ran up to the sea.A soldier

jumped into the water and swim to the man who was calling for helps.The young soldier was a

good swimmer and soon pulled the man back the shore.He took the man in the arms and

carried him out water.All the people there admired to the young man.Now everyone saw what

the man was a very wealth man in the city.Then he went up the soldier and gave the soldier

one pound for save his life.(十二)Jim arrived at home and discovered that he has forgotten his door key.He rang the bell, but nobody came to open the door.He rang again and waiting, but still there was not reply.He walked round the house to see if he could find a open window, but they were all locked.It was beginning to rain, he did not know how to do.Kate, his wife, had obvious gone out.He didn’t know where she had been or when she’d return.Finally, he picked up a stone and threw them at the kitchen window.Just then, his wife came back.9(十三)I was recent told that listening to loud music is gradually making people hard of hearing.I’m sure it has already been happened to my neighbor.For years she has turned a deaf ear to my requests to turn his radio down.When she gave a party she isn’t have to invite the rest of the street.Everyone can dance in her music in his own room.Now a scientist has discovered a certain electronic sounds have strange effects on rats.He declares they break down almost paralyze(癱)with their legs trembled.Then it is simply a matter of throwing them out by their tail.I wonder that the same thing will happen to my neighbor someday.(十四)A few days ago I saw a interesting program on TV.There was about the problem of traffic.It seems that a great deal damage is done by traffic.All our cities are suffered from this.Some buildings are falling to piece.It’s often faster to walk than to go by car and by bus.The problem has been getting bad for a long time.This was only one among thousands of other problems in our cities.All of sorts of bad things are happening to our cities.Our roads are never designed for so heavy traffic.It takes longer and longer to move from one place to another.(十五)In the past my hometown was the most beautiful place.Thick trees and green grass could be seen anywhere.In order to build more house and grow more crops, people cut down much more trees.As time went on, the whole forest was almost destroyed.Gradually, the green hills

turn wasteland.As a result, sandstorms struck us now and then, from which we were suffered lot.But I do wish all the people could realize the terribly disaster caused from man.What’s more, we should take good care of our nature and punish those who against the law.短文改錯(cuò)參考答案:

2014.10.30(一)1.important 或

importance前加of

2.like--as

3.getting----get

4.kind---kinds

5.easy前加not 6.sincere

7.understanding

8.persuaded

9.more前加the

10.ourselves(二)1.and---but

2.woman---women

3.called前加have 4.play---playing

5.of 后加the

6.health---healthy

7.If---When

8.of劃掉

9.make---makes

10.watch---watching(三)1．sure---sure about

2． exact---exactly

3． has---have;

4．a(chǎn) 去掉

5．去掉it

6．had---have

7．review---reviewing． 8.practice---practicing

9．problem---problems

10.will 后加 be(四)1.in---on

2.while---when

3.sides---side

4.made---make 5.she---he

6.drive---drove

7.young前加a

8.wore---wearing 9.later 去掉

10.passed---passing(五)1.about---with

2.view前加the

3.fully---full

4.me---her 5.I’ll后加be

6.eye---eyes

7.watch---watching

8.works---work 9.had---has

10.and后at劃掉

(六)1.wanting---wan ted 2.being---be 3.Hebei前the劃掉 4.the前in---from 5.good---well

6.special---specially

7.doing---do

8.Beside---Besides 9.As---at

10.I’ll后加be(七)1.Thank---Thanks;或 for 前加you 2.get---got 3.friends---friend 4.me后加to 5.study---studying 6.a劃掉 7.about劃掉

8.after---in 9.very---so 10.fully---full(八)1.invite---inviting

2.families---family

3.careless---carelessly

4.the help---help 5.too---either

6.able---able to

7.chemist’s---a chemist’s 8.but---and

9.eat---take

10.will---would(九)1．heard---heard of

2．is---that

3．Times---time 4．a(chǎn) 去掉

5.anyone---someone

6.Talk---Talk about

7.try---try to 8．What---that

9．For---with/against

10．Happier---happy(十)1.that劃掉

2.students---the students

3.However---Besides 4.reduce---reduces

5.Listen---Listening

6.didn’t---don’t 7.expecting---expected

8.instead---instead of

9.peace---peaceful

10.good---well(十一)1.the cry---a cry 2.swim---swam

3.helps---help 4.back---to 5.out---out of

6.admired to---admired

7.what---that 8.wealth---wealthy

9.up---up to

10.save---saving(十二)1.at home---home

2.has---had

3.waiting---waited 4.not---no 或 not---not any

5.find a---find an 6.he---and he 7.how---what

8.obvious---obviously

9.been---gone 10.them---it(十三)1.recent---recently

2.been 劃掉

3.his---her

4.gave---gives 5.isn’t---doesn’t

6.in her---to her

7.a certain---certain 8.trembled---trembling

9.tail---tails

10.that---if(十四)1.a---an

2.There---It

3.deal---deal of 4.suffered---suffering

5.piece---pieces

6.and---or 7.bad---worse

8.was---is

9.All of---All

10.so---such(十五)1.the---a

2.anywhere---everywhere

3.house---houses

4.much---many

5.turn---turned

6.we were---we

7.And---So

8.terribly---terrible

9.from man---by man

10.who---who are 12

第二篇：學(xué)生如何做好高考英語短文改錯(cuò)

學(xué)生如何做好高考英語短文改錯(cuò)

短文改錯(cuò)是高考英語試題第二卷中的一種題型，10分，是廣大學(xué)生失分較多的一道題。高考英語短文改錯(cuò)主要考查學(xué)生在語篇中綜合運(yùn)用英語語言知識(shí)的能力，它不同于單句改錯(cuò)，學(xué)生應(yīng)在理解短文的基礎(chǔ)上，根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，對(duì)文中的錯(cuò)誤做出判斷，并進(jìn)行糾正。因此，該題型綜合性強(qiáng)，涉及面廣。要求學(xué)生具備比較扎實(shí)的基本功，在理解短文要表達(dá)的意思的前提下，找出并改正文中的錯(cuò)誤。試題主要是考查單詞、詞的搭配、詞法、句法、語篇中的行文邏輯等各方面的水平。換句話說，就是檢查學(xué)生的詞、句、篇和語法的綜合水平。所以說，這是一種比較全面的考查，學(xué)生在平時(shí)的學(xué)習(xí)中要注意詞不離句、句不離篇，要特別注意詞的用法、搭配和語法的培養(yǎng)。短文改錯(cuò)的題型特點(diǎn)可概括為： 1．所選文章大都以說明文、記敘文為主。

2．錯(cuò)誤常見的有三種：多詞、少詞和錯(cuò)詞，其中錯(cuò)詞較多。

3．集閱讀理解能力與綜合運(yùn)用知識(shí)能力于一體，全面考查學(xué)生對(duì)英語單詞、語法知識(shí)、習(xí)慣用法以及交際語言的運(yùn)用能力。要想做好短文改錯(cuò)，應(yīng)根據(jù)其特點(diǎn)和規(guī)律，掌握一定的解題方法和技巧。掌握方法和技巧之后做題便會(huì)事半功倍!

一、短文改錯(cuò)應(yīng)注意以下八個(gè)方面

1．一定要按照試題說明及例題的要求答題。在改錯(cuò)時(shí)，不但要在右邊空格處寫上所缺或改正的單詞，而且還要在短文的錯(cuò)誤之處劃上相應(yīng)的符號(hào)。否則，判卷人就無法判斷考生是否改對(duì)了。2．要從邏輯行文人手，反復(fù)推敲，通過上下文推理判斷，找出無錯(cuò)、多詞或缺詞的地方。3．不要匆忙做題，應(yīng)該先通讀全文，掌握大意，再判斷是非。若看一行改一行，忽視了上下文的聯(lián)系與語境，就會(huì)造成較多的錯(cuò)誤。

4．不要把注意力集中在改語法錯(cuò)誤上，還要從詞語、語法、結(jié)構(gòu)、搭配和邏輯關(guān)系等方面全面考慮，異清楚究竟是屬于哪一方面的錯(cuò)誤。

5．注意所學(xué)過的那些同音異義、形近易混、字母不發(fā)音以及字母必須雙寫的詞。

6．從句子種類、句型結(jié)構(gòu)、時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)、語氣、詞語搭配、習(xí)慣用法和段落層次等方面人手，仔細(xì)推敲，找出可能出現(xiàn)的差錯(cuò)。

7．注意文章的前后照應(yīng)，認(rèn)真思考，然后找出人稱混亂、概念前后矛盾的地方，進(jìn)行改正。8．答案做好后，再通讀一遍全文，認(rèn)真檢查核對(duì)答案，避免錯(cuò)改、漏改、不合要求及不規(guī)范的現(xiàn)象發(fā)生。

注意：在修改過程中，一定要相信自己的第一感覺。一般來說，第一次填寫的答案正確率比較高，沒有十足的把握不要輕易修改!

二、出題規(guī)律以及破解關(guān)鍵

(一)一般說來，短文改錯(cuò)的10行中，有1行無錯(cuò)誤；多詞和缺詞的各占l一2行；錯(cuò)詞的大約占5—6行。了解這一常規(guī)，有助于解題。這樣就會(huì)避免在每一行中硬要找出一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤來。如果做的答案中，沒有上述四種情況中的一種或者多種，缺詞的行數(shù)超過3—4行．那么就得認(rèn)真檢查是否有判斷上的錯(cuò)誤。

(1)多詞，這恰恰是與缺詞相反，即不該有的詞出現(xiàn)在句中，多詞的情況也常常出現(xiàn)在句子結(jié)構(gòu)中，如代詞、冠詞、介詞、助動(dòng)詞；不定式符號(hào)t0、比較級(jí)的疊用，考生可以從以下幾點(diǎn)尋找突破口。①不可數(shù)名詞或抽象名詞前是否多了冠詞；復(fù)數(shù)名詞表示類別時(shí)，前面是否也多了定冠詞；②及物動(dòng)詞后面是否多了介詞或其他詞；③比較級(jí)是否出現(xiàn)重疊使用的情況；④固定搭配和習(xí)慣用法中是否多詞。

然而有些試題需學(xué)生縱觀全局。只有抓住全句的意思，弄清語言結(jié)構(gòu)，才能最后判斷出多余的詞。

light．(1ight改為lighter)4．介詞

(1)主要考察(特別是與動(dòng)詞的)固定搭配。(2)出題形式：

①介詞省略：I’m sure you will get rid the sorrow and unhappiness caused by the disaster．(get rid of是固定搭配，意思為“擺脫，除去”)②介詞多余：My wife is also happy because of I have given up smoking．(because of與because用法的辨別區(qū)分。前者不能接句子，而后者充當(dāng)連詞可以接句子。所以應(yīng)該把《去掉。)③介詞用錯(cuò)(一般為固定搭配)：I picked out her false hair and said，“Don’t be sad，Miss．”(picked out應(yīng)該為picked up。pick out挑選的意思；pick up撿起的意思。)5．連詞

主要考察前后兩句話之間的銜接關(guān)系。?？既N關(guān)系：but轉(zhuǎn)折，and并列，because原因。①One day，my wife and l went shopping at a store．We drove the car but we had a lot of things to buy．(but改為because／as／for。)②Chatting on line，students can more freely express their feelings and opinions，but improve their English by talking with native speakers．(but改為and)． ③If heating，water can be changed into steam．(heating應(yīng)該用heated．)見有特殊動(dòng)詞或句型，查句子的語氣是否有錯(cuò)誤。

④He ordered that the work must be started at once．[解析]order，demand，require，request，insist，propose，advise，suggest等動(dòng)詞的賓語從句，常用虛擬語氣“(should)+動(dòng)詞原形”。⑤It is high time that you go to sch001．[解析]It is(high)time?后接謂語動(dòng)詞是過去式的從句或should+動(dòng)詞原形，所以go應(yīng)改為went． 6．句式

(1)主要考察that與what或which／how與what之間的轉(zhuǎn)換。

(2)出題形式：①She never has enough time for that she wants to do．(that改為what。)注意：這一形式是改錯(cuò)?？键c(diǎn)。@We Chinese people have always been concerned about which has happened in your area．(which改為what)7．冠詞

(1)主要考察句中冠詞是否多余。(2)出題形式：

①冠詞多余：Every kind of the Chinese food is worth trying．(去掉the)②冠詞遺漏：I hope you’ve had pleasant journey home(had a pleasant journey)8．代詞

(1)主要考察代詞是否多余，以及與反身代詞之間的混用；“it”一詞的不當(dāng)使用(包括用于從句中 或作形式主語或賓語)．(2)出題形式：

①代詞多余：Don’t lose your heart．with the help of the people all over the world．I’m sure you will get rid of the sorrow and unhappiness．(1ose heart：泄氣；喪失勇氣；而lose one’s heart to sb．/sth．：愛上；鐘情于。原文意思很明顯是“別泄氣”。所以應(yīng)該把your去掉。一字之差，離題千里)。

②代詞混用：I should be able to tell visitors about our history and culture and show them

第三篇：高考英語短文改錯(cuò)論文

高考英語短文改錯(cuò)解題策略

摘要：短文改錯(cuò)是高考試題中一個(gè)重要題型。它不僅考查學(xué)生在語法、詞匯、修辭等方面的語言知識(shí)和能力，而且還考查學(xué)生對(duì)信息的認(rèn)知與獲取能力，更重要的是考查學(xué)生能夠判斷、鑒別正誤的能力。這一題型對(duì)很多考生來說是有相當(dāng)難度的，因?yàn)楦腻e(cuò)中的錯(cuò)誤一般都是他們平時(shí)較容易犯的錯(cuò)誤，即他們的軟肋，所以在做這類題目的時(shí)候，常常感到無從下手，或者驚慌失措，結(jié)果胡亂改改就草草了事，結(jié)果連難度系數(shù)并不高的題目也做不出來，知道答案后又后悔不已，但為時(shí)已晚。所以考生應(yīng)該以正確的態(tài)度來面對(duì)此題。本文就高考英語試題中的短文改錯(cuò)的特點(diǎn)，提出解題策略。1.高考英語短文改錯(cuò)的特點(diǎn)

英語短文改錯(cuò)是現(xiàn)代語言測(cè)試試題中一個(gè)重要的類型。它一般是選擇一段或者幾段文字正確、語言地道、題材得當(dāng)?shù)恼Z言材料為母本，按照一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)淖謹(jǐn)?shù)大體給這篇語言材料分行，在現(xiàn)代語言測(cè)試學(xué)科學(xué)命題理論指導(dǎo)下，對(duì)其中的某些文字進(jìn)行有目的地添加、刪減或錯(cuò)誤改動(dòng)，使這段文字的某些行出現(xiàn)錯(cuò)詞、多詞或缺詞的一種情況，讓學(xué)生對(duì)測(cè)試行的文字進(jìn)行判斷或改動(dòng)，以恢復(fù)原文正確地道得體的本來面貌，以此來對(duì)學(xué)生的語言水平進(jìn)行科學(xué)的測(cè)定。

短文改錯(cuò)屬于綜合考點(diǎn)單技能間接試題特點(diǎn)，就是把各類考點(diǎn)綜合起來放在一定篇幅中進(jìn)行考察，對(duì)學(xué)生的語言能力和語篇的能力都有所要求，但更側(cè)重于考察學(xué)生對(duì)語言篇章結(jié)構(gòu)的整體理解和把握的能力，因而屬于檔次較高的題型，能比較準(zhǔn)確地反映學(xué)生的實(shí)際語言水平，也較容易區(qū)分學(xué)生的層次差異。此題型還在辯錯(cuò)、改錯(cuò)中考察到學(xué)生部分產(chǎn)生性的運(yùn)用能力，因而這種題型成為目前測(cè)試準(zhǔn)確性最有效的題型之一。

2.提高高考短文改錯(cuò)能力的方法及策略 2.1靈活運(yùn)用語法知識(shí)

眾所周知，英語語言能力包括眾多因素，其中之一是語法知識(shí)。語法知識(shí)是構(gòu)成語言能力的基礎(chǔ)。沒有系統(tǒng)的語法知識(shí)，學(xué)習(xí)者就很難全面、準(zhǔn)確地以口頭或書面的形式表達(dá)思維或意念。短文改錯(cuò)項(xiàng)目側(cè)重于測(cè)試學(xué)生的運(yùn)用語法知識(shí)的能力，即怎樣運(yùn)用規(guī)范的語言知識(shí)解決具體問題的能力。對(duì)于學(xué)生來說，在平時(shí)要徹底地了解已學(xué)過的語法知識(shí)和概念，要學(xué)會(huì)“舉一反三”，提高語言的準(zhǔn)確性、邏輯性。2.2擴(kuò)大詞匯量、掌握詞語固定搭配

詞匯與搭配是高考英語短文改錯(cuò)項(xiàng)目的另一測(cè)試點(diǎn)，其測(cè)試面含蓋各類詞性的詞，同時(shí)側(cè)重考核他們的搭配與用法。短文改錯(cuò)對(duì)詞匯的考核有些是語意的，有些是結(jié)構(gòu)上的。詞匯的積累不是一朝一夕即可完成，它需要在平時(shí)的學(xué)習(xí)過程中逐步積累，積少成多；了解詞的不同搭配在不同語境中的用法，同義詞之間的不同用法，學(xué)會(huì)根據(jù)上下文來判斷單詞與短語的含義，上下文內(nèi)容的連貫以及邏輯關(guān)系的順暢等。因此，對(duì)于學(xué)生來說，平時(shí)自己在學(xué)習(xí)中要注意擴(kuò)大、鞏固已有的詞匯量;同時(shí)，在學(xué)習(xí)、掌握詞匯的過程中，特別要注意提高自己靈活運(yùn)用詞匯的能力。2.3運(yùn)用語篇知識(shí) 短文改錯(cuò)主要是考察對(duì)短文宏觀上的把握與微觀上的語言基本功。除了考查語法與詞匯，也考查對(duì)語言整體內(nèi)容的理解和運(yùn)用。此題之所以采用短文改錯(cuò)的形式，就是強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)語言知識(shí)（語法與詞匯）在具體語境或上下文中使用的能力。因此在歷年的考題中，很大一部分并不只是限于孤立的詞組或語法，而是要求考生從篇章的角度，從上下文，從句子與句子之間，從語段與語段之間的邏輯關(guān)系與語意關(guān)系去判斷正誤。

要做到從篇章的角度把握全局，首先要學(xué)會(huì)利用首段或段首句最大限度的獲取信息。文章的開頭往往開宗明義，點(diǎn)明主題。因此利用段首句提供的信息挖掘文章的思路，尋找文章的脈絡(luò)和線索。其次理清文章結(jié)構(gòu)，找出前后的邏輯關(guān)系及銜接連詞等。最后聯(lián)系上下文，尋找相關(guān)線索，確定有無語義上的錯(cuò)誤。在歷年的考試中，學(xué)生對(duì)這類錯(cuò)誤的判斷準(zhǔn)確率相對(duì)較低。因此，學(xué)生平時(shí)要加強(qiáng)對(duì)篇章的理解能力的訓(xùn)練，了解、熟悉篇章結(jié)構(gòu)的特點(diǎn)：語段內(nèi)句子之間的關(guān)系、語段之間的關(guān)系；它們的類別；各種不同關(guān)系的表示法等等。只有在此基礎(chǔ)上，學(xué)生才能靈活正確地使用語言知識(shí)，做到準(zhǔn)確答題。2.4運(yùn)用文化背景知識(shí)

做短文改錯(cuò)題時(shí)，有時(shí)文章中提供的信息還不夠，這就要求學(xué)生把儲(chǔ)存在大腦里的一般知識(shí)信息結(jié)合起來考慮，找出錯(cuò)誤并加以改正。根據(jù)Widdowson(1983)提到的理解全過程，“理解實(shí)質(zhì)上是背景知識(shí)、語境和語言知識(shí)本身綜合作用的產(chǎn)物，缺少任何一部分，理解將是失敗或不完整的。” 2.5采用正確的解題技巧

2.5.1頭腦冷靜，通讀全文掌握中心意思

短文改錯(cuò)題是一個(gè)較綜合和較有難度的題型，但不是無法攻克，所以做這類題時(shí)首先要保持冷靜，運(yùn)用自己所儲(chǔ)備的相關(guān)知識(shí)，理性分析。接下來不要拿起來就改，首先應(yīng)該對(duì)文章有個(gè)整體了解，可以先迅速通讀全文，在正確理解或大致正確理解甚至猜想原文的前提下，使我們對(duì)全文在宏觀上有一個(gè)初步的把握，這對(duì)判斷整體的時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)都很重要。因?yàn)槎涛氖莻€(gè)整體，只了解孤立的詞句是不夠的，需要從篇章的角度對(duì)句子、段落進(jìn)行深層次。透徹的理解，掌握上下文的語境，把局部含義與主旨大意結(jié)合起來判斷，就能提高準(zhǔn)確性。2.5.2分句閱讀，利用語法等知識(shí)逐行找錯(cuò)

做完上述工作后，就要進(jìn)入逐行改錯(cuò)階段。仔細(xì)分析每一個(gè)句子，而不是每一行。語言是以句子而不是以行為完整的意義單位的，所以解題時(shí)，要上下兼顧，切不可顧此失彼。在整句理解的基礎(chǔ)上，逐行進(jìn)行語法和行文邏輯錯(cuò)誤分析。既要看清詞或句子，更要理清整體的邏輯關(guān)系。綜合運(yùn)用所學(xué)語言知識(shí)，根據(jù)各行不同的錯(cuò)誤情況分別進(jìn)行答題。如果碰到哪一行的錯(cuò)誤沒找出來，可暫時(shí)不做，接著做下一行，全部做完后，再回頭做，可能就會(huì)容易些。而且有時(shí)后面的文章會(huì)給出有用的信息。特別要注意兩方面：一是不能改變文中句子本身的意義，還要注意錯(cuò)誤是否出現(xiàn)在行首或尾，因?yàn)檫@兩處的錯(cuò)誤往往不易被察覺。

2.5.3最后通讀，驗(yàn)證答案 改后復(fù)讀有助于查漏補(bǔ)缺，糾正失誤，減少差錯(cuò)。通過復(fù)讀，看看全文是否通暢，行文邏輯是否合理，文章結(jié)構(gòu)或句式結(jié)構(gòu)是否完整，尤其要對(duì)初改時(shí)感覺不順利的地方多加以推敲。還要檢查是否按照考試要求使用所規(guī)定的符號(hào)刪除、增添或修改，避免非水平性失分。3.結(jié)語

綜上所述，英語短文改錯(cuò)是對(duì)語言知識(shí)全面的考查。對(duì)詞匯，語法與篇章理解能力都有較高的要求，建議考生在學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)不能一知半解，似是而非，對(duì)于知識(shí)的掌握必須扎實(shí)準(zhǔn)確。而且還要多進(jìn)行改錯(cuò)練習(xí)?？梢酝ㄟ^看其他同學(xué)的習(xí)作，欣賞的同時(shí)也有意識(shí)地把該習(xí)作進(jìn)行一下“改錯(cuò)”，還可多進(jìn)行單句改錯(cuò)練習(xí)，但每次練習(xí)都要遵照正確的方法和步驟，逐漸體會(huì)和把握這一題型的規(guī)律，久而久之就能容易地發(fā)現(xiàn)和改正語病。除此之外，還要加強(qiáng)閱讀方面的訓(xùn)練。閱讀是理解的先決條件，理解是判斷正誤的依據(jù)，而判斷又是改錯(cuò)的先決條件。因此要準(zhǔn)確找出文章中的錯(cuò)誤，必須首先著眼閱讀，加強(qiáng)閱讀。

高考英語短文改錯(cuò)解題策略

五大連池風(fēng)景區(qū)高級(jí)中學(xué)

佟玲

第四篇：2014屆高考英語短文改錯(cuò)3

1.短文改錯(cuò)（共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分）

假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。錯(cuò)誤涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。

增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)（∧），并在其下面寫出該加的詞。

刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（）劃掉。

修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。

注意：1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改僅限一詞。

2.只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計(jì)分。

Attention please, everyone.I have announcement to make.You will pay a visit to the museum on October 1st.I think we will be interest in it.In the course of the visit, the guide will give us an account of the past or the development of the city.She say something about the advanced workers, included some teachers.We will see many pictures there.I’m sure of that we can learn a lot.After the visit, we’ll have a discussion in group and each of us must write a composition.We are to start out as earlier as 7:00 am.We must gather against time at the school gate.That’s all.Thanks.2.短文改錯(cuò)(共10小題;每小題1分, 滿分10分)

假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。

增加: 在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)（∧）, 并在其下寫出該加的詞。

刪除: 把多余的詞用斜線（）劃掉。

修改: 在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線, 并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。

注意: 1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；

2.只允許修改10處, 多者（從第11處起）不計(jì)分。

Ladies and gentlemen,It is special pleasure to welcome our new staff member, Mr Tony White, who has come here to America.Mr White has recently graduated from the University of Chicago where he has

majored in English Literature and minored in Teaching English as the Second Language.He willworking with us here for at least two years.One of the goals of our school are to promote understanding and cooperation between the young people of our two countries.By have Mr White, who is willing to sacrifice the comfort of his friends and family to come to a strange country, we feel we are very lucky and our goals will be easily realized.On behalf of the whole school, I’d like to extend to you, Mr White, your sincerest welcome.We are indeed happy to have you here, and we wish you all the better during your stay in China.Thank you.3.短文改錯(cuò)（共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分）

假定英語課上老師要求同桌中間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處，每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。

增加：把缺詞處叫個(gè)漏字符號(hào)（∧），并在其下面寫出該加的詞。

刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（）劃掉。

修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。

注意：1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；

2.只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計(jì)分。

A few days ago I saw an instructive program on TV.It was about what the

traffic problem in

cities.It seems that a great deal of damages is done by traffic．All our cities are suffering from this.Some buildings are actual falling to pieces.It's often fast to walk than to go by car and by bus.The

problem has been getting worse day by day．This is only one of the thousands problems in our cities.All

sorts of terrible things were happening to our cities.The question is how we can do about it．0ur

roads were never designing for such heavy traffic．It is time the government does something about

these problems．

4.短文改錯(cuò)(共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分)

假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。

增加:在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)(∧)，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。

刪除:把多余的詞用斜線()劃掉。

修改:在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。

注意:1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞;

2.只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計(jì)分。

One day I pushed my cousin Li Dong in wheelchair on an especial narrow sidewalk.We struggled along with one wheel on the sidewalk or the other on the road.Suddenly, a man riding his motorcycle past us rapidly, missing Li Dong by several inch.Immediately, he turned round, stopped his motorcycle and came over.We were worried she would blame us for have stood in his way.To our surprise, he said nothing at all and helped out push the wheelchair until we reached a slightly wider sidewalk.Then he left after we could say thanks to him.We were leaving ashamed of what we thought.ks5u

5.短文改錯(cuò)(共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分)

假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處，每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加，刪除或修改。

增加： 在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)（^）,并在其下面寫出該加的詞。

刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（）劃掉。修改： 在錯(cuò)詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。

Good morning, everyone.It’s great honor for me to speak here.My name’s Li Xiaojun, born in a harmonious family.My father and mother are all high school teachers.Influenced by them, I read widely during my early age, but I’ve developed a great interest in arts and sports.I’m easy-going, get along well with my classmates.It is this personality which helps me win over all my classmates’ friendships, and also help me overcome many difficulties both in academic and personal life.Being admitted in your university has always been a beautiful dream for me.I dream constantly that I, along with mine classmates, will study happy with the help of the respectable professors.I dream that I will swim freely in the sea, enjoying the waves of knowledge.I hope all my dream will come true in the near future.Thank you.答案

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第五篇：2017年高考英語短文改錯(cuò)[定稿]

2017年高考英語短文改錯(cuò)最全套路

一、短文改錯(cuò)萬能公式

1.謂語動(dòng)詞的錯(cuò)誤是歷年考試的重點(diǎn)和熱點(diǎn)，常見動(dòng)詞錯(cuò)誤類型有：

①一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)與一般過去時(shí)錯(cuò)用;

②and前后動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)不一致;

③主謂不一致;

④缺少動(dòng)詞,特別是be動(dòng)詞;

⑤第三人稱單數(shù)形式錯(cuò)用;

⑥主動(dòng)語態(tài)和被動(dòng)語態(tài)錯(cuò)用。

2.名詞的常見錯(cuò)誤：

單復(fù)數(shù)名詞錯(cuò)用，可數(shù)名詞與不可數(shù)名詞錯(cuò)用。

3.連詞錯(cuò)誤：

連詞包括關(guān)系代詞、副詞，并列連詞and/or/but等。

關(guān)于連詞，一般考查從句關(guān)系：who/whom/whose/what/which/how/why/when/where/if/whether等。

4.冠詞錯(cuò)誤：

誤用a和an(根據(jù)單詞的第一個(gè)音素來判定);

誤用a/an和the(固定搭配，或泛指、特指;多冠詞或少冠詞)

5.形容詞和副詞錯(cuò)誤：

系動(dòng)詞后用形容詞(be/am/is/are/was/were/become/go/感官性動(dòng)詞smell/feel);

詞性的誤用(形容詞修飾名詞;副詞修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞)。

6.代詞錯(cuò)誤：

代詞的主格和賓格(I/me;he/him;she/her;we/us they/them)錯(cuò)誤;

反身代詞(myself/yourself/himself/herself/themselves/ourselves)使用錯(cuò)誤;

代詞的單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)使用錯(cuò)誤;

代詞指代錯(cuò)誤;

多代詞或少代詞。

7.非謂語動(dòng)詞的常見錯(cuò)誤：

不定式、動(dòng)名詞作主語、賓語時(shí);

and連接的不定式或動(dòng)名詞前后不一致(尤其距離較遠(yuǎn)時(shí));

介詞后用動(dòng)名詞形式作賓語;

某些動(dòng)詞后要求接動(dòng)名詞或不定式。

8.介詞錯(cuò)誤：

詞組中的介詞誤用;

介詞意思理解偏差;

介詞的多用或少用

二、短文改錯(cuò)解答口訣

動(dòng)詞形，名詞數(shù);

注意形和副;

非謂動(dòng)詞細(xì)辨別;

習(xí)慣用法要記住;

句子成分多分析;

邏輯錯(cuò)誤須關(guān)注。

1、動(dòng)詞形

主要包括兩類錯(cuò)誤：動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)錯(cuò)誤，以及主、謂不一致的錯(cuò)誤。

例如：My favourite sport is football.I was member of our school football team.Now my picture and prize is hanging in the library.(are)

上述兩例分別屬于時(shí)態(tài)錯(cuò)誤和主、謂不一致錯(cuò)誤。找出此類錯(cuò)誤的關(guān)鍵是樹立牢固的時(shí)態(tài)概念，注意短文內(nèi)容發(fā)生或存在的時(shí)間，保持時(shí)間概念的一致性。

2、名詞數(shù)

指名詞單、復(fù)數(shù)形式的用法錯(cuò)誤。常表現(xiàn)為將名詞復(fù)數(shù)寫成單數(shù)。

例如：?so that I’ll get good marks in all my subject.(subjects)

3、區(qū)分形和副

即區(qū)分形容詞和副詞在句子中的作用和具體用法。這也是高考短文改錯(cuò)的常考點(diǎn)。例如：I’m sure we’ll have a wonderfully time together.(wonderful)Unfortunate, there are too many people in my family.(Unfortunately)

需要注意的是，形容詞多用來做定、表、補(bǔ)語等，而副詞只能在句子中作狀語，修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞或整個(gè)句子。第一例中的wonderful作定語修飾time，第二句的Unfortunately作狀語修飾整個(gè)句子。

4、非謂動(dòng)詞細(xì)辨別

這是考查最多的錯(cuò)誤形式之一。主要有分詞和動(dòng)名詞類錯(cuò)誤，也包括不定式類錯(cuò)誤。

例如：

?in my spare time, but now I am interesting in football.(interested)

Play football not only makes us grow up tall and strong but also ?(playing)

My parents love me? and will do all they can ∧ make sure?(to)

上述二、三例分別是動(dòng)名詞作主語，和不定式作目的狀語。一般的，現(xiàn)在分詞有主動(dòng)態(tài)和進(jìn)行時(shí)的含義，而過去分詞具有被動(dòng)態(tài)和完成時(shí)的含義，不定式有將來時(shí)態(tài)的含義。

5、習(xí)慣用法要記住

主要考查習(xí)慣搭配方面的基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)。這也是歷年高考的?？键c(diǎn)，其錯(cuò)誤表現(xiàn)形式主要有三種：多詞、少詞和搭配錯(cuò)誤。

例如：It was very kind for them to meet me at the railway station and?(of)We must keep in mind that we play for the team instead ∧ ourselves.(of)

6、句子成分多分析

不同的句子成分要用不同的詞類;不同的語景要選擇不同的詞語。這些都有待我們對(duì)句子結(jié)構(gòu)和句子成分作細(xì)致的分析，才能找出用詞不當(dāng)?shù)腻e(cuò)誤。

例如：They∧eager to know everything about China and?(were)I live in Beijing, where is the capital of China.(which)

第一例漏掉了謂語動(dòng)詞were，這是受寒于習(xí)慣的影響而導(dǎo)致的錯(cuò)誤;第二例則是詞類與它在句子中的成分不相符，where是副詞，不能作主語。

7、邏輯錯(cuò)誤須關(guān)注

與句子的上、下文不一致，甚至相矛盾，屬于邏輯性錯(cuò)誤。如稱謂上的張冠李戴，人名、地名、時(shí)間、方位等方面的錯(cuò)誤，常是這類錯(cuò)誤的考查對(duì)象。

例如：The Smiths did his best to make me feel at home.(their)First, let me tell you something more about myself.(去掉more)

?no way of setting the matter except by selling the set.Now someone at home reads instead.(everyone)上述第一例中的主語是Smiths(史密斯夫婦倆)，因此后面的his不合邏輯。第二例中的more在這兒表“再”的意思，才開始告訴別人，怎么能說“再告訴你一些事”?第三例講的是為了解決看電視時(shí)的爭(zhēng)端，“我們”把電視機(jī)賣了;晚上沒電視看了，所以與從前一樣，大家又都讀書了，所以該用everyone。

除了上述錯(cuò)誤類型外，?？嫉腻e(cuò)誤形式還有：連詞but, and, or和so的用法錯(cuò)誤(可以歸類為邏輯錯(cuò)誤)，以及冠詞的用法錯(cuò)誤等。

例如：

She was smiling but nodding at me.(and)

It looks as if my parents treat me as a visitor and a guest.(or)

We may be one family and live under a same roof.(the)

三、短文改錯(cuò)參考原則 1.改動(dòng)以最少為原則;2.虛詞以添加或刪除為原則;3.實(shí)詞以改變?cè)~形為原則;4.以保持句子原意為原則;

5.核對(duì)錯(cuò)項(xiàng)時(shí)，若的確有一時(shí)難以改出的地方，可以參考所改動(dòng)項(xiàng)是否基本符合“1：1：8”的比例：即多一詞1個(gè)，缺詞1個(gè)，錯(cuò)詞8個(gè);

6.核對(duì)改正的語法項(xiàng)目是否有重復(fù)，因?yàn)槎涛母腻e(cuò)往往覆蓋面廣，一般不會(huì)出現(xiàn)重復(fù)考查某個(gè)語法點(diǎn)的現(xiàn)象;

7.核對(duì)答題符號(hào)是否規(guī)范，位置是否準(zhǔn)確，看看有無遺漏符號(hào)，忽略字母大小寫和拼寫等問題。