第一篇：新概念英語(yǔ)第四冊(cè)第二十單元課文詞組拓展(教學(xué)用)

新概念英語(yǔ)第四冊(cè)第二十單元課文詞組拓展

Lesson 20 Snake poison 蛇毒

How it came about that snakes manufactured poison is a mystery.Over the periods their saliva, a mild, digestive juice like our own, was converted into a poison that defies analysis even today.It was not forced upon them by the survival competition;they could have caught and lived on prey without using poison just as the thousands of non-poisonous snakes still do.Poison to a snake is merely a luxury;it enables it to get its food with very little effort, no more effort than one bite.And why only snakes? Cats, for instance, would be greatly helped;no running rights with large, fierce rats or tussles with grown rabbits just a bite and no more effort needed.In fact it would be an assistance to all the carnivorae--though it would be a two-edged weapon-When they fought each other.But, of the vertebrates, unpredictable Nature selected only snakes(and one lizard).One wonders also why Nature, with some snakes concocted poison of such extreme potency.In the conversion of saliva into poison one might suppose that a fixed process took place.It did not;some snakes manufactured a poison different in every respect from that of others, as different as arsenic is from strychnine, and having different effects.One poison acts on the nerves, the other on the blood.The makers of the nerve poison include the mambas and the cobras and their venom is called neurotoxic.Vipers(adders)and rattlesnakes manufacture the blood poison, which is known as haemolytic.Both poisons are unpleasant, but by far the more unpleasant is the blood poison.It is said that the nerve poison is the more primitive of the two, that the blood poison is, so to speak, a newer product from an improved formula.Be that as it may, the nerve poison does its business with man far more quickly than the blood poison.This, however, means nothing.Snakes did not acquire their poison for use against man but for use against prey such as rats and mice, and the effects on these of viperine poison is almost immediate.(NCE Book Four)

含有come的詞組

around about across

along

apart come _______ 發(fā)生，產(chǎn)生 come _______ 偶然遇見(jiàn)，碰上 come _______ 1.出現(xiàn)，發(fā)生；2.進(jìn)步，進(jìn)展 come _______ 破碎，崩潰 come _______ 1.蘇醒，復(fù)原；2.順便來(lái)訪

down at

by between down to

come _______ 1.攻擊，沖向；2.達(dá)到，了解 come _______ 1.分開(kāi)，離間；2.妨礙（某人做某事）come by 1.得到，獲得；2.訪問(wèn)，看望 come down 1.（物價(jià)等）下跌；2.落魄，潦倒 come down to 可歸結(jié)為 off in into on

in for come_______ come _______ come _______ come _______ come _______

1.進(jìn)入，進(jìn)來(lái)；2.到達(dá)；3.當(dāng)令，流行起來(lái)；4.（比賽時(shí)）獲得……名；5.當(dāng)選，就任，上臺(tái)；6.（錢(qián)）到手，被收入 受到，遭到

1.進(jìn)入，加入；2.開(kāi)始處于；3.得到，繼承 1.脫落，分開(kāi)；2.結(jié)果，表現(xiàn)

1.（表示鼓勵(lì)、催促等）快，走吧；2.進(jìn)步，進(jìn)展；3.發(fā)生，開(kāi)始

round / out

/ through / to /

out with come _______ 1.出現(xiàn)，顯露；2.出版，發(fā)表；3.結(jié)果是 come _______ 1.發(fā)表，公布；2.吐露，說(shuō)出，提出；3.展出，供應(yīng) come_______ 1.來(lái)，前來(lái)；2.繞道而來(lái)；3.重又來(lái)到；4.改變主意，回心轉(zhuǎn)意；

5.（風(fēng)、船等）轉(zhuǎn)向；6.蘇醒，復(fù)元；7.讓步，服從，照辦

come _______ 經(jīng)歷……仍活著，安然度過(guò) come_______ 1.蘇醒；2.總數(shù)為，結(jié)果是；3.涉及，談到

up

under

up for

up to

up with

up against

come _______ 1.編入，歸入（某一項(xiàng)目）；2.受到，遭受（影向、支配等）come _______ 1.出現(xiàn)，發(fā)生 2.走上前來(lái) come _______ 突然（或意外）碰到（困難、反對(duì)等）come _______ 1.升上來(lái)，升起，出現(xiàn)；2.出讓，賣出；3.列入 come _______ 比得上，達(dá)到（標(biāo)準(zhǔn)等）come _______ 提出，想出，提供

come / go into _______ 實(shí)施，生效 come / go into _______ 實(shí)施，實(shí)行，生效 come to _______ 失敗，遭受不幸

come / get to _______ 搏斗起來(lái)，開(kāi)始勉力對(duì)付 come to a _______（事情等）達(dá)到危急的關(guān)頭

come to _______ 蘇醒過(guò)來(lái)，開(kāi)始有生氣 come into one’s _______ come into _______ come to one’s _______

顯示自身的特點(diǎn)（或價(jià)值）

開(kāi)始活動(dòng)，開(kāi)始運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)，投入使用

1.恢復(fù)理性，醒悟過(guò)來(lái)；2.（昏迷后）蘇醒過(guò)來(lái)

come to _______

妥協(xié)，和解 come _______

come to _______ 顯露，暴露 come into _______ come to _______

come / draw to a_______

（預(yù)言、期望等）實(shí)現(xiàn)，成為現(xiàn)實(shí)

出現(xiàn)，形成 動(dòng)手互毆 漸近結(jié)束

第二篇：新概念英語(yǔ)第四冊(cè)第十九單元語(yǔ)法與句型(教學(xué)用)

新概念英語(yǔ)第四冊(cè)第十九單元課語(yǔ)法與句型 Lesson 19 The stuff of dreams 說(shuō)夢(mèng)話的本質(zhì)

It is fairly clear that the sleeping period must have some function, and because there is so much of it the function would seem to be important.Speculations about its nature have been going on for literally thousands of years, and one odd finding that makes the problem puzzling is that it looks very much as if sleeping is not simply a matter of giving the body a rest.' Rest ', in terms of muscle relaxation and so on, can be achieved by a brief period lying, or even sitting down.The body's tissues are self-repairing and self-restoring to a degree, and function best when more or less continuously active.In fact a basic amount of movement occurs during sleep which is specifically concerned with preventing muscle inactivity.If it is not a question of resting the body, then perhaps it is the brain that needs resting? This might be a plausible hypothesis were it not for two factors.First the electroencephalograph(which is simply a device for recording the electrical activity of the brain by attaching electrodes to the scalp)shows that while there is a change in the pattern of activity during sleep, there is no evidence that the total amount of activity is any less.The second factor is more interesting and more fundamental.In l960 an American psychiatrist named William Dement published experiments dealing with the recording of eye-movements during sleep.He showed that the average individual's sleep cycle is punctuated with peculiar bursts of eye-movements, some drifting and slow, others jerky and rapid.People woken during these periods of eye-movements generally reported that they had been dreaming.When woken at other times they reported no dreams.If one group of people were disturbed from their eye-movement sleep for several nights on end, and another group were disturbed for an equal period of time but when they were not exhibiting eye-movements, the first group began to show some personality disorders while the others seemed more or less unaffected.The implications of all this were that it was not the disturbance of sleep that mattered, but the disturbance of dreaming.(NCE Book Four)

【語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)】matter的詞性和用法 【課文原句】

Speculations about its nature have been going on for literally thousands of years, and one odd finding that makes the problem puzzling is that it looks very much as if sleeping is not simply a matter of giving the body a rest.' Rest ', in terms of muscle relaxation and so on, can be achieved by a brief period lying, or even sitting down.The implications of all this were that it was not the disturbance of sleep that mattered, but the disturbance of dreaming.【例句銜接】All right, leave the matter to us two.好吧，就把這件事交給我們倆吧。As far as the weather is concerned, I don’t think it matters.就天氣而論，我覺(jué)得沒(méi)有什么關(guān)系。

But this does not matter, for, as he often remarked, one is never too old to learn.但是這不要緊，因?yàn)?，正如他一向所說(shuō)的那樣，一個(gè)人要活到老學(xué)到老。Every task, no matter how boring, brings me steps closer to fulfilling my dreams.每一項(xiàng)工作，無(wú)論多么乏味，都使我朝著實(shí)現(xiàn)夢(mèng)想跨進(jìn)了步伐。For my part, it doesn’t matter whether he comes or not.對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)，他來(lái)不來(lái)都沒(méi)有關(guān)系。He checks the car as a matter of routine.他例行公事，檢查了汽車。

I had suffered a great loss in business.To make matters worse, the bank broke.我生意上賠了很多錢(qián)。更糟糕的是，銀行又倒閉了。Stress at work is a matter of concern to staff and management.工作壓力是員工和資方都關(guān)心的事。It is a matter of pride for him that he has never accepted money from his family.對(duì)他來(lái)說(shuō)，從未要過(guò)家里人一分一毫是一件事關(guān)的事。重要的事情 關(guān)心的事情 令人遺憾的事情 某人處理的事情

絕不是小事 常規(guī)的事情

由于原則的緣故 由于信念的緣故 由于政策的緣故

只是時(shí)間問(wèn)題 生死攸關(guān)的事情

只是個(gè)運(yùn)氣問(wèn)題、成本問(wèn)題、興趣問(wèn)題

【語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)】and so on 的用法

【課文原句】Rest ', in terms of muscle relaxation and so on, can be achieved by a brief period lying, or even sitting down.【例句銜接】

他對(duì)美術(shù)、音樂(lè)、書(shū)等都感興趣。

我們學(xué)政治、中文、英文等等。

我們亦可把屏幕劃分為四等分、六等分等等。

他談到我們受到父母多少恩惠、我們對(duì)國(guó)家應(yīng)盡的義務(wù)等等。

They wanted him for guest shots, record albums, personal appearances and so on.他們請(qǐng)他在電影中客串，請(qǐng)他灌唱片，舉行專場(chǎng)演出，諸如此類。其他人都對(duì)藝術(shù)、音樂(lè)、書(shū)等感興趣。

She called him a liar, hypocrite, a low down swab and so on.她罵他撒謊、偽君子、可鄙的笨蛋。諸如此類，不一而舉。

There are different forms of energy, such as heat energy, electric energy, and so on.能有各種不同形式，諸如熱能、電能等。

【語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)】含有self的復(fù)合詞

【課文原句】The body's tissues are self-repairing and self-restoring to a degree, and function best when more or less continuously active.【例句銜接】

Criticism and _________ is necessary in that it helps us to find and correct our mistakes.批評(píng)與自我批評(píng)是必要的，因?yàn)樗軒椭覀儼l(fā)現(xiàn)并改正我們的錯(cuò)誤。Each time you let go, you are sure to come close to_________.每一次放棄，一定是進(jìn)一步地超越自我。

His attractiveness is partly due to his _________.他的吸引力一部分是由于他的自信。（CIDE）We hold these truths to be _________

that all men are created equal.我們認(rèn)為下面的這些真理是不言而喻的，那就是，人人生而平等。More importantly, the Asian peoples have a strong sense of _________, _________, _________

and _________.This is an important driving force for transformation and innovation.更重要的是，亞洲各國(guó)人民有著強(qiáng)烈的自尊自信、自立自強(qiáng)精神，這是激勵(lì)變革創(chuàng)新的重要?jiǎng)恿?。Ethical or moral freedom meant to him the autonomy and _________ n of the human will.對(duì)他來(lái)說(shuō)，倫理的或道德的自由，意味著人的意志自律與自我決定。Other people will give up working for a boss and become _________.還有些人不去給別的老板打工，而是自己當(dāng)老板。The advantage of this is that it can spur people on to greater heights.The flaw is that it results in _________

individualism, which affects creativity indirectly.其好處是啟發(fā)人的進(jìn)取心，弊端是導(dǎo)致以個(gè)人為中心，間接影響創(chuàng)新。

_________, _________, _________ l, these three alone lead life to sovereign power.自重，自覺(jué)，自制，此三者可以將生命引至崇高境域。He is a _________

man.He didn't finish even elementary school.他是一個(gè)自學(xué)成材的人。他連小學(xué)也未讀完。Hong Kong has entered its new era stronger and more _________

than at any other time in its history.香港踏入了自開(kāi)埠以來(lái)經(jīng)濟(jì)最強(qiáng)勁和自信心最強(qiáng)的新紀(jì)元。It was felt that each nation's _________ was served by encouraging its exports and discouraging its imports.一般認(rèn)為，鼓勵(lì)出口和限制進(jìn)口是符合每個(gè)國(guó)家的自身利益的。China has traditionally been the _________, _________

“Middle Kingdom.” 中國(guó)歷來(lái)是自給自足的“中史之國(guó)。” The thought of doing something humiliating to her own _________

attracted her wonderfully.這種去做使她的自尊心受到羞辱的事情的思想奇怪地誘惑著她。The second section consists of those who in the main are economically _________.第二部分是在經(jīng)濟(jì)上大體上可以自給的。

【語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)】“連詞＋形容詞”類省略句

【課文原句】The body's tissues are self-repairing and self-restoring to a degree, and function best when more or less continuously active.【例句銜接】

The full figures, _________, will show imports remaining at a high level.詳盡的數(shù)據(jù)，在可以獲得時(shí)，將表明進(jìn)口仍維持在高水平上。We avoided one another, _________.無(wú)論何時(shí)只要可能，我們都互相回避。

Cover and put in a cool place _________

to serve.將其加蓋并放置與陰涼處，直至可以使用。He lay still as _________.他躺著一動(dòng)不動(dòng)，就像睡著了一樣。

The model worker worked extremely hard _________.盡管那位模范工人病得厲害，他仍極其努力地工作。_________, I appreciate the invitation.雖然不能參加，我仍高興受到邀請(qǐng)。

_________, the story is interesting.不管真實(shí)與否，這個(gè)故事很有意思。

You must study hard _________, or you will regret _________.年輕時(shí)你必須好好學(xué)習(xí)，否則你老了會(huì)后悔。

_________, the room was well lit.房間雖不大卻很亮堂。

Things were beginning to improve, _________.情況開(kāi)始改善，盡管速度不夠快。

His job _________

had been to look after the landlord’s dogs and horses.他小時(shí)候的工作，是照看地主的狗和馬。He lay still _________.他躺著一動(dòng)不動(dòng)，就像睡著了一樣。

第三篇：新概念英語(yǔ)第四冊(cè)第二十一單元語(yǔ)法與句型(教學(xué)用)

新概念英語(yǔ)第四冊(cè)第二十一單元語(yǔ)法與句型 Lesson 21 William S.Hart and the early “Western”

film

威廉?S?哈特和早期的“西部”影片

William S.Hart was, perhaps, the greatest of all Western stars, for unlike Gary Cooper and John Wayne he appeared in nothing but Westerns.From 1914 to 1924 he was supreme and unchallenged.It was Hart who created the basic formula of the Western film, and devised the protagonist he played in every film he made, the good-bad man, the accidental, noble outlaw, or the honest but framed cowboy, or the sheriff made suspect by vicious gossip;in short, the individual in conflict with himself and his frontier environment.Unlike most of his contemporaries in Hollywood, Hart actually 'knew something of the old West.He had lived in it as a child when it was already disappearing, and his hero was firmly rooted in his memories and experiences, and in both the history and the mythology of the vanished frontier.And although no period or place in American history has been more absurdly romanticized, myth and reality did join hands in at least one arena, the conflict between the individual and encroaching civilization.Men accustomed to struggling for survival against the elements and Indian were bewildered by politicians, bankers and business-men, and unhorsed by fences, laws and alien taboos.Hart's good-bad man was always an outsider, always one of the disinherited, and if he found it necessary to shoot a sheriff or rob a bank along the way, his early audiences found it easy to understand and forgive, especially when it was Hart who, in the end, overcame the attacking Indians.Audiences in the second decade of the twentieth century found it pleasant to escape to a time when life, though hard, was relatively simple.We still do;living in a world in which undeclared aggression, war, hypocrisy, chicanery, anarchy and impending immolation are part of our daily lives, we all want a code to live by.(NCE Book Four)

【語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)】詞組nothing but表示強(qiáng)調(diào)

【課文原句】William S.Hart was, perhaps, the greatest of all Western stars, for unlike Gary Cooper and John Wayne he appeared in nothing but Westerns.She is something of an actress.Talent

gift She is nothing but an actress She is everything but an actress.【例句銜接】I feel nothing but contempt for those who abuse children.__________（虐待孩子的人）treat children cruelly

他們的意見(jiàn)僅僅是廢話。

Their advice is nothing but nonsense.世上無(wú)所謂天才，它僅僅是刻苦加勤奮。

There is no such thing as genius;it is nothing but labor and diligence.他只好垂頭喪氣地回家睡覺(jué)。

He could do nothing but go back to bed sadly.只有奇跡才能挽救她的生命。nothing but wonders can save her life 他只會(huì)發(fā)牢騷。

He could do nothing but complain.不要把他當(dāng)朋友，他只是個(gè)罪犯。Take…for

綿延數(shù)英里除了沙漠別無(wú)他物。

For miles and miles there is nothing but desert.他滿心期待著友好的祝賀和一張數(shù)目可觀的支票。友好的祝賀 friendly congratulation 4

一張數(shù)目可觀的支票 a substantial check

He anticipated nothing but friendly congratulations and a substantial check Some seemingly good things brought us nothing but trouble.一些看似好運(yùn)的事情只會(huì)給我們帶來(lái)麻煩。

I have endeavored to assert nothing but what I had good authority for.除了我確有把握的事情外，我不會(huì)斷然地講任何事情。

I feel nothing but contempt for such dishonest behavior.對(duì)這種不誠(chéng)實(shí)的行為，我表示十分輕蔑。

I have nothing but contempt for the people who despise money.我就是看不慣那些對(duì)金錢(qián)不屑一顧的人。

Such a vicious lie could be nothing but a stab in the back.這樣一種惡毒的謊言簡(jiǎn)直是暗箭傷人。

【語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)】強(qiáng)調(diào)句型（兩處）

【課文原句】It was Hart who created the basic formula of the Western film, and devised the protagonist he played in every film he made, the good-bad man, the accidental, noble outlaw, or the honest but framed cowboy, or the sheriff made suspect by vicious gossip;in short, the individual in conflict with himself and his frontier environment.（第一段中間）……h(huán)is early audiences found it easy to understand and forgive, especially when it was Hart who, in the end, overcame the attacking Indians.（第三段末尾）【例句銜接】

It is through competition that children can learn the meaning of courage.正是通過(guò)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，孩子能夠懂得勇氣的意義。

It was totally by chance that they discovered the entrance to the underground palace.完全出于偶然，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)了這座地下宮殿的入口。

It was more in sorrow than in anger that he criticized his former colleague.他批評(píng)以前的同事，并非出于氣憤而是為他傷心。

It is only when one is ill that one realizes the value of health.人們生病了才知道健康的價(jià)值。

It was when she was about to go to bed that the telephone rang.正當(dāng)她要睡覺(jué)時(shí)，電話鈴響了。

It was because the water had risen that they could not across the river.正式由于水漲了，他們沒(méi)法過(guò)河。

It was not until I had read your letter that I understood the true state of affairs.直到看了你的信我才了解事態(tài)真 相。

It was not until I met you that I knew real happiness.直到我遇到你以后，我才真正體會(huì)到幸福。

主語(yǔ)的強(qiáng)調(diào)

It is you that are to blame.該受責(zé)備的人就是你。

強(qiáng)調(diào)句的問(wèn)句

he bought a book yesterday

he went to school by bus What is it that he bought yesterday When is it that he bought a book

Was it you that I saw last night at the concert? 昨晚在音樂(lè)會(huì)上我見(jiàn)到的是你嗎？

How is it that your answer differs from his? 你的答案跟他的答案怎么個(gè)不同？

What is it that you want me to say? 你想讓我說(shuō)的是什么？ Who was it that caught a thief yesterday in a marketplace? 是誰(shuí)昨天在市場(chǎng)上逮住一個(gè)小偷？

Whom was it that you caught yesterday in a marketplace? 你昨天在市場(chǎng)上逮住的是誰(shuí)？

強(qiáng)調(diào)句中的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 modal verbs

It must have been his father that you saw just now.你剛剛看到的肯定是他父親。

It might be his father that he’s thinking of.他現(xiàn)在所想到的可能就是他父親。

How can it be that he didn’t pass the exams? 他考試沒(méi)有通過(guò)怎么可能呢？

It might have been yesterday that John bought a book for Mary.也許就是昨天約翰給瑪麗買(mǎi)了一本書(shū)。

Can it have been the bus driver who set fire on the bus? 放火燒車的人會(huì)是這位公交車司機(jī)嗎？

It may be what the teacher believes in the students that motivates the students most.最能激勵(lì)學(xué)生的也許正是老師在學(xué)生身上所相信的東西。

【語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)】形式賓語(yǔ)it（三處）

【課文原句】（1）Hart’s good-bad man was always an outsider, always one of the disinherited, and if he found it necessary to shoot a sheriff or rob a bank along the way, his early audiences found it easy to understand and forgive, especially when it was Hart who, in the end, overcame the attacking Indians.Audiences in the second decade of the twentieth century found it pleasant to escape to a time when life, though hard, was relatively simple.【例句銜接】

【真題再現(xiàn)】 I don’t think ________possible to master a foreign language without much memory work.（2007年NECCS初賽C類試題第32題）

A.this

B.that C.its

D.it I find it odd that she takes so long to do that job.她花那么長(zhǎng)時(shí)間做那件事，我覺(jué)得很奇怪。

He did not think it plausible that all the differences could be explained in this way.他認(rèn)為用這種方式解釋所有的區(qū)別似乎沒(méi)有道理。

We must make it clear that this simply means a conversion of energy.我們必須講清楚，這僅僅意味著能量轉(zhuǎn)換。We think it quite obvious that all machines are made up of one or more simple machines.所有機(jī)器都由一個(gè)以上的簡(jiǎn)單機(jī)械組成，我們認(rèn)為這是很清楚的。

We all consider it of great importance that we should combine theory with practice.我們大家都認(rèn)為，理論聯(lián)系實(shí)際是非常重要的。You can easily show it to be true that oxygen is very active.你可以很容易證實(shí)，氧是非?；钴S的。

We take it for granted that air expands when heated.空氣受熱時(shí)膨脹，我們認(rèn)為這是理所當(dāng)然的。

They consider it important that these elements be separated from one another.他們認(rèn)為，把這些元素彼此分開(kāi)是很重要的。Heat makes it possible to solder wires and to weld sheets of metals.熱量使焊接電線和金屬板成為可能。

We call it reduction to remove the same factors from the terms of a fraction.從分?jǐn)?shù)的分子和分母中去掉相同的因數(shù)，我們稱為約分。

We feel it necessary to verify the theory from various angles.我們覺(jué)得，必須從不同角度來(lái)證實(shí)這個(gè)理論。

They think it necessary building one more hydropower station in the area.他們認(rèn)為，有必要在本地區(qū)在建一座水電站。

【語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)】比較級(jí)表示的最高級(jí)含義

superlative degree comparative

【課文原句】And although no period or place in American history has been more absurdly romanticized, myth and reality did join hands in at least one arena, the conflict between the individual and encroaching civilization.【例句銜接】

__________（沒(méi)有比時(shí)間更貴重的東西）, but nothing is less valued.Valuable

dear

沒(méi)有一件事比待在家里聽(tīng)音樂(lè)更愉快的了。

Nothing is more Pleasant than listening to music at home

沒(méi)有人比你自己更在乎自己的外表。

No one is more conscious of appearance than you

__________（沒(méi)有人比特倫斯Terence更具有競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力）, which is why he has progressed so quickly.Wonders are many, and nothing is more wonderful than man _____________（沒(méi)有一件東西是比人更為奇妙的）.Nothing is more unhealthy for the spirit than preoccupations of that kind.沒(méi)有什么比那種先占有的思想更有害于靈魂。

Nothing is more difficult than to restore authority after it has been shaken.天下的難事，莫過(guò)于恢復(fù)已被動(dòng)搖了的權(quán) 威。

Nothing is more unsound than the reaction of any method which naturally arises.沒(méi)有什么事情比排斥必然出現(xiàn)的方法更沒(méi)有根據(jù)了。

Nothing is more important than to receive education.沒(méi)有比接受教育更重要的事。

Nothing is more easy than to tame an animal, and few things more difficult than to get it to breed freely under confinement, even when the male and female unite.馴養(yǎng)動(dòng)物是一件最容易的事，但是要它們?cè)谟慕麪顟B(tài)下自由繁殖，既使雌雄交配，亦是一件很難的事。

History has proved that nothing is more difficult in war than to adhere to a single strategic plan.歷史證明戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中最難的，是固執(zhí)一簡(jiǎn)單的戰(zhàn)略計(jì)劃。

Nothing is more remarkable than the independent personality of the tongue now and then.有時(shí)候，語(yǔ)言的獨(dú)特性比任何東西都重要。

No one is more committed than I to preserving and, indeed, enhancing them.所以，我定會(huì)以無(wú)比決心，致力維持并加強(qiáng)這些成功因素。

No one is more worthy to be enrolled in the democratic aristocracy.沒(méi)有人比他更適合當(dāng)民主的貴族。The 23 million Taiwan compatriots are our brothers and sisters of the same blood.No one is more eager than we are to resolve the Taiwan question through peaceful means.兩千三百萬(wàn)臺(tái)灣同胞是我們的手足兄弟，沒(méi)有人比我們更希望通過(guò)和平的方式解決臺(tái)灣問(wèn)題。

She is a teacher than whom no one is more patient.她是個(gè)比誰(shuí)都耐心的老師。

【語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)】when引出的定語(yǔ)從句

【課文原句】Audiences in the second decade of the twentieth century found it pleasant to escape to a time when life, though hard, was relatively simple.【例句銜接】

We will put off the picnic until next week, __________（那時(shí)天氣可能會(huì)好一些）.Antecedent

We can never forget the day _________（香港回歸祖國(guó)）.我仍然記得第一次見(jiàn)到詹妮弗的那一天。I still remembered the day when I first met Jenifer 下個(gè)月即將來(lái)臨，屆時(shí)你們將在家鄉(xiāng)度暑假。

The next month, when you spend your vacation in your hometown, is coming/approaching /drawing near Where

第四篇：21世紀(jì)大學(xué)英語(yǔ)第四冊(cè)第二單元課文翻譯

A我們需要的感激A ?J ?克羅寧一個(gè)晴朗的下午，我在紐約上了一輛出租車。從司機(jī)的表情和他猛拉排擋的樣子中，我可以看出他很不高興。我問(wèn)他是怎么回事。“我完全有理由生氣，”他怒氣沖沖地說(shuō)。“今天上午我的一個(gè)乘客把錢(qián)包忘在我車?yán)锪?。里面有?00塊錢(qián)。我花了一個(gè)多小時(shí)想方設(shè)法找那個(gè)家伙。最后我在他的賓館里找到了他。他拿了錢(qián)包，一聲不吭地瞪著眼看著我，好像我本來(lái)打算要偷他的錢(qián)包似的?！薄八麤](méi)有給你酬金？”我大聲問(wèn)?！耙粋€(gè)子兒也沒(méi)有。但我要的不是錢(qián)??”他咕噥著，然后突然大聲說(shuō)，“只要那個(gè)家伙說(shuō)句什么??”因?yàn)樗\(chéng)實(shí)的助人行為沒(méi)有得到感激，那位出租車司機(jī)一整天都悶悶不樂(lè)，而且我知道以后他在做類似的好事之前會(huì)仔細(xì)考慮一下了。這種對(duì)感激的需要是我們都能感受到的，而拒絕表示感謝則會(huì)大大扼殺善良與合作的精神。第二次世界大戰(zhàn)期間，辛辛那提的一位母親收到他參軍的兒子一封來(lái)信，信中提到諾曼底一個(gè)村莊中的一位婦女在他受傷饑餓時(shí)將他帶到家中，幫他躲過(guò)了德國(guó)人的搜捕。不幸的是，后來(lái)那男孩在阿登高地的進(jìn)攻戰(zhàn)中陣亡了。然而，這位母親卻受到一種不可抗拒的愿望的驅(qū)使。她積蓄了兩年，穿過(guò)大西洋，找到了她兒子提到的那個(gè)村莊。經(jīng)過(guò)多次打聽(tīng)之后，她找到了那位曾經(jīng)保護(hù)過(guò)她兒子的婦女——一位貧窮農(nóng)夫的妻子——將一個(gè)包裹硬塞進(jìn)她手里。那是她兒子在畢業(yè)典禮上獲得的一塊金表，是那個(gè)男孩曾經(jīng)擁有過(guò)的唯一真正有價(jià)值的東西。這位母親表示感激的舉動(dòng)深深觸動(dòng)了人們的心靈，在那個(gè)村莊內(nèi)外成為傳奇般的故事。它比出色的演講更能讓人培養(yǎng)起對(duì)美國(guó)人的好感。感激是對(duì)每一個(gè)無(wú)論大小的善行

優(yōu)雅地接受并表示欣賞的藝術(shù)。我們大多數(shù)人受到款待，接受禮物和明顯的好處時(shí)都不會(huì)忘記表示我們的愉悅之情，但即使在這種情況下我們也還能夠完善我們表示感激的方式，讓它盡可能的個(gè)人化和真誠(chéng)。最近，我和妻子在意大利南部旅游時(shí)，我給康涅狄格州的一位朋友寄去了幾瓶令我們喜歡的當(dāng)?shù)丶厌?。那是件小小的禮物，然而令我們驚訝的是，我們收到的不是一封傳統(tǒng)的感謝信而是一張電唱機(jī)唱片。我們播放它時(shí)，聽(tīng)到了我們的朋友在飯后的一段話，描述他和他的客人們?nèi)绾蜗矚g那酒，并感謝我們考慮得周到。有這件不同尋常的東西來(lái)證明別人欣賞我們的禮物真令人愉快。有時(shí)感激不僅僅是一件個(gè)人的事。我在麥吉爾大學(xué)學(xué)醫(yī)的兒子告訴我，有一位被送到蒙特利爾醫(yī)院的病人經(jīng)過(guò)輸血而獲救?？祻?fù)以后他問(wèn)：“我是否能找到那位獻(xiàn)血者的名字，向他表示感謝？”他被告知獻(xiàn)血者的名字是從來(lái)不公開(kāi)的。出院幾個(gè)星期后他回來(lái)獻(xiàn)了一品脫血。從那以后他一次又一次地為了同一目的回來(lái)。當(dāng)一名外科醫(yī)生稱贊這種不留姓名的高尚行為時(shí)，他只是回答說(shuō)：“有個(gè)我永遠(yuǎn)也不知道是誰(shuí)的人為我這樣做了。我只是在說(shuō)‘謝謝’?！备屑げ粌H可以是一種轉(zhuǎn)瞬即逝的情緒，在有些情況下還可以是一種能持續(xù)終生的更新，想到這一點(diǎn)真令人感到欣慰。丈夫充滿感激地回想起妻子慷慨無(wú)私的行為，妻子從不忘記丈夫送給她的禮物，這些都大大有助于使家庭生活保持和諧。英國(guó)作家和博物學(xué)家W?H?赫德森曾經(jīng)寫(xiě)道：“一天晚上，我?guī)б粋€(gè)朋友回家同我們一起吃了頓家常便飯。后來(lái)他對(duì)我說(shuō)：‘你真幸運(yùn)，你的妻子雖然身體不好還要照顧孩子，但菜燒得那么好吃?！蔷滟澝赖脑挻蜷_(kāi)

了我的眼睛，它教會(huì)我要感謝妻子日復(fù)一日的、而一直被我習(xí)以為常的英雄行為。”感激的禮儀首先應(yīng)該在小事情上用得最多。送報(bào)的男孩、送牛奶的人、郵遞員、理發(fā)師、飯店里的女招待、開(kāi)電梯的人——所有這些人都在以某種方式為我們服務(wù)。通過(guò)表示感謝我們可以使日常平淡的關(guān)系具有人情味，使單調(diào)的任務(wù)變得令人愉快。我的一位在倫敦當(dāng)公共汽車售票員的病人有一次對(duì)我吐露說(shuō)，“有時(shí)我真厭倦了我的工作。人們抱怨，麻煩你，說(shuō)車錢(qián)找得不對(duì)。但是有一位早晚乘我車的女士總是在我收她的車票時(shí)用一種特別友好的方式感謝我。我真希望她是代表所有的乘客在說(shuō)話。這使我一直保持微笑。”阿諾德?本涅特的一個(gè)出版商夸獎(jiǎng)自己的秘書(shū)效率特高。一天，本涅特對(duì)她說(shuō)：“你的老板說(shuō)你效率極高。你的秘訣是什么？”“那不是我的秘訣，”秘書(shū)回答。“那是他的?！泵看嗡秊樗鲆患?，無(wú)論多小的事，他從未忘記表示感謝。因此，她工作一直非常努力。有些人不愿表達(dá)感激之情，因?yàn)樗麄冇X(jué)得這不會(huì)受歡迎。我的一個(gè)病人在出院幾個(gè)星期后回到醫(yī)院來(lái)感謝他的護(hù)士?！拔覜](méi)有更早地回來(lái)，”他解釋說(shuō)，“是因?yàn)槲也孪肽銈儗?duì)于人們的感激一定厭煩得要命?！薄罢孟喾?，”她回答說(shuō)，“我很高興你來(lái)。很少有人意識(shí)到我們多么需要鼓勵(lì)，我們從那些鼓勵(lì)我們的人身上獲得了多大的幫助?！蔽覀兯o予的感激永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)過(guò)多。因?yàn)槲覀兩磉叺娜嗽跇?gòu)筑他們的人生哲學(xué)時(shí)所依據(jù)的正是這些微笑、我們所表示的感謝和我們表示欣賞的各種小小的示意動(dòng)作。

B禮儀為什么是重要的朱迪思?馬丁 朱迪思?馬丁(生于1938年)是

《華盛頓郵報(bào)》的戲劇和電影評(píng)論家，她撰寫(xiě)的聯(lián)合特寫(xiě)專欄“禮儀小姐”通過(guò)稿件辛迪加在國(guó)際上多家報(bào)紙同時(shí)發(fā)表。她在哈佛大學(xué)的一次演講中闡述了她在《普通禮節(jié)》一書(shū)中的觀點(diǎn)，現(xiàn)轉(zhuǎn)載如下。如今的美國(guó)人錯(cuò)誤地認(rèn)為只要具有個(gè)人美德就會(huì)毫不費(fèi)力地、自然地產(chǎn)生可接受的社會(huì)行為。道德和禮節(jié)之間的區(qū)別已變得模糊了。大多數(shù)人以為，你只需要有一副好心腸，其余的事情便不用你費(fèi)心了。你不必寫(xiě)感謝信。這種對(duì)于人際關(guān)系的“自然的”態(tài)度認(rèn)定：熟知任何一個(gè)人就是愛(ài)他，人類唯一的問(wèn)題只是溝通問(wèn)題。這既否認(rèn)了人們可能被基本的、的確不可調(diào)和的差異——哲學(xué)的、政治的或者宗教的差異——所分隔，也假定了所有這樣的差異僅是誤解而已。許多形式的禮節(jié)恰恰是用來(lái)掩蓋那些由不可調(diào)和的分歧所造成的厭惡之情的。只要禮儀應(yīng)當(dāng)完全符合道德的想法存在，用來(lái)潤(rùn)滑普通生活的應(yīng)酬話或慣例就會(huì)產(chǎn)生道德問(wèn)題。過(guò)去人們講究義務(wù)性的正式拜訪，那個(gè)時(shí)候，“夫人不在家”的意思顯然就是“夫人不想見(jiàn)你，就像你并不想見(jiàn)她一樣，不過(guò)她注意到你已經(jīng)盡職了。”如今，我們從來(lái)不給自己暫時(shí)被別人聯(lián)系不上的便利，甚至對(duì)陌生人也不例外。有了電話和BP機(jī)，人們使得自己能隨時(shí)被任何人所立即接通，而被認(rèn)為無(wú)禮的并不是打電話干擾別人的人，而是不肯聽(tīng)電話的人。我收到許多記者的來(lái)信，他們認(rèn)為只有直言不諱才是誠(chéng)實(shí)。他們感到氣憤，因?yàn)閱?wèn)他們“你好嗎？”的人們并不真正想聽(tīng)他們說(shuō)肚子不舒服。在寫(xiě)信給那些他們并不想結(jié)交的人時(shí)，他們要求不以“你的忠實(shí)的”來(lái)簽署信件。讓人有點(diǎn)討厭的是，在說(shuō)“早上好”之前得看一下天氣預(yù)報(bào)。那

些提倡實(shí)話實(shí)說(shuō)的人在回答“我看上去好嗎？”之類漫不經(jīng)心的問(wèn)題時(shí)會(huì)說(shuō)實(shí)話，這也等于要求給粗野無(wú)禮以特別許可。禮儀標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化的缺乏導(dǎo)致了一個(gè)經(jīng)常是憤怒與混亂的社會(huì)，在那兒每個(gè)人都赤裸著他的道德觀，每一個(gè)細(xì)小的行為都被視作是一種道德觀的顯露。今天，每個(gè)人都聲稱不僅有權(quán)設(shè)計(jì)自己的禮節(jié)，而且有權(quán)在別人不遵守這些禮節(jié)時(shí)發(fā)火，即使他并沒(méi)有費(fèi)心讓別人了解過(guò)他的喜好。事實(shí)上，現(xiàn)在比任何時(shí)候更容易在無(wú)意中傷人。一位紳士為一位女士開(kāi)門(mén)，因?yàn)樗哪赣H告訴他女士們喜歡這樣的禮節(jié)，但是這位女士卻轉(zhuǎn)過(guò)身來(lái)，對(duì)他現(xiàn)出一面蔑視的樣子，因?yàn)樗耆枇怂鳛榕缘娜烁?。一個(gè)年輕女子在一輛擁擠的公共汽車上給一位身體虛弱的年長(zhǎng)男士讓座，而他厭惡地瞪了她一眼，因?yàn)樗龘p傷了他作為男子的尊嚴(yán)。注意，這些人只是想表示友好；唯一的問(wèn)題是他們?cè)谧裱煌亩Y節(jié)體系而已。奇怪的是，現(xiàn)在比任何時(shí)候更難故意傷人。如果你說(shuō)，“你面目可憎，我恨你，”那人可能會(huì)回答，“你正在氣頭上 ；我會(huì)等你感覺(jué)好一些?！苯忉屪约旱膭?dòng)機(jī)能夠?yàn)樗械倪^(guò)失開(kāi)脫，這種觀念也許在一個(gè)凌辱肆虐的世界里十分重要，在那兒，萬(wàn)能的理由，“我心情不好”，赦免了一個(gè)人所有的義務(wù)或責(zé)任。有人認(rèn)為，人們無(wú)需借助全社會(huì)默認(rèn)的一種人為規(guī)范就可以“自然地”為人處事。這種想法就像認(rèn)為人們可以用一種沒(méi)有被普遍認(rèn)可的語(yǔ)法規(guī)則的語(yǔ)言來(lái)交際的想法一樣愚蠢。如同語(yǔ)言一樣，禮儀的準(zhǔn)則可以被運(yùn)用得或嫻熟或拙劣，其目的可以是崇高的或邪惡的，其表達(dá)的觀念和感情可以多種多樣。如同語(yǔ)言一樣，禮儀不停地經(jīng)歷著緩慢的變化和適應(yīng)過(guò)程，但這些變化必須是全

球性的，而不是細(xì)微局部的。因?yàn)槿绻巳硕技磁d創(chuàng)造自己的禮儀，那誰(shuí)也不會(huì)理解另一個(gè)人行為的含義，結(jié)果就會(huì)造成社會(huì)的混亂和文明的終結(jié)。

第五篇：新概念英語(yǔ)4第十周課堂練習(xí)(教學(xué)用)

新概念英語(yǔ)4第十周課堂練習(xí)

Do you find it very difficult and painful to get up in the morning? This might be called laziness, but Dr.Kleitman has a new（1）___explanantion _______.He has proved that everyone has a daily energy cycle.During the hours when your labor through your work you may say that you’re “hot”, that’s true.The time of day（2）___when_______ you feel most energetic is when your cycle of body temperature is（3）____at______ its peak.For some people the peak comes during the forenoon.For（4）__others________ it comes in the afternoon or evening.No one has discovered why this is（5）___so_______, but it leads to such familiar monologues as: “Get up, Peter!You’ll be late for work（6）__again________!” The possible explanation to the（7）__trouble________ is that Peter is at his temperature-and-energy peak in the evening.Much family quarrelling（8）_____ends_____ when husbands and wives

realize what these energy cycles mean, and which cycle each member of the family has.You can’t（9）___change_______ your energy cycle, but you can learn to make your life fit if better.Habit can help, Dr.Kleitman believes.Maybe you’re sleepy in the evening but feel you must stay up late anyway.Counteract your cycle to some extent by habitually staying up（10）__later________ than you want（11）____to______.If your energy is（12）_____low_____ in the morning, but you have an important to do early in the day, rise before your

（13）___usual_______ hour.This won’t change your cycle, but you’ll get up steam and work（14）____better______ at your low point.Get off to a slow start（15）____which______ saves your energy.Get up with a leisurely yawn and stretch.Sit on the（16）____edge side______ of the bed a minute before putting your feet on the（17）__ground /floor_______.Avoid the troublesome search（18）___for_______ clean clothes by laying them out

the night before.Whenever（19）___possible_______, do routine work in the afternoon and（20）__save________ requiring more energy or concentration for your sharper hours.Supreme

Supreme fool

Supreme disgust

Supreme good

Outlaw

Outbreak of flu

Outdoor activity

Outletexit

Output of steel

Outlook of value

Outrage

Outskirtssuburbs

Outstanding

outcome

vicious cycle

vicious companionguyperson vicious criticism

vicious headacheserious

vice-chairman

vicebadevil

vanish without trace

his wealth vanished into nothingvanish from sight

arena of politics

literary circle /domain /

bewilder

confusevexperplex

puzzle

baffle

confound

flowers alien to China

stress

observe the tabooviolate the taboo

reinforce the taboo

deep-seated taboorigid tabooimport

moral code

crack the code

break the code

decipher the code

invent/make up the code

civil code

criminal code

comply with the code follow the ocde

devise the code

draw up the codeformulate the code lay down the code