第一篇：小作文舉例

“ 贏”的魅力

不忘初心，方可始終。成功飄渺難及，但一顆恒心足矣摧垮一切。莫嫌海角天涯遠，但肯搖鞭有到時。成功不是偶然，不能信手掂來，是靠日積月累的付出和努力。不改初衷，記住自己的夢想，披荊斬棘，搏擊長空，需要超乎常人的堅韌與毅力。夢若高山，而恒就若出生的太陽，慢慢磅礴，吞納峻嶺，盡灑陽光與萬物。恒，永遠通與成功！

成功難唾手得之，當憑日累月積。每人都有成功之夢，圓夢者鳳毛麟角。所謂“成功”，無“功”怎有“成”？無“時”怎有功？只有于風沙中懷揣恒心，歷經歲月的風化，闖過時間的消磨，才能成功。莫言功小難足掛齒，莫嘆蹉跎望而卻步。積累成功，重在堅持。相信熬過時間的淘洗，歲月的沉淀，奮斗必將成為苦索后夢想的茵茵綠洲！

千淘萬漉雖辛苦，吹盡黃沙始到金。成功需要努力，命運才會還以精彩。如若不奮斗，何談贏字，公平的命運不會偏袒任何一方，不剛則隳，不恒則退，唯有堅持才回到大成功的彼岸。不要忘了當初的雄心壯志，是否已被時光消耗殆盡，唯有青春，仍能為了夢想而拼搏，為何不傾盡全力？只為不負初心！人生在勤，不索何獲？拼搏，拼搏！成功等待著我！

九年寒窗磨利劍，六月沙場試鋒芒。學習是一個日積月累的過程，長期的努力才會獲得最后的成功，學習的道路沒有捷徑，唯有時間才能戰(zhàn)勝一切。不贏一次失誤而氣惱，一次成功而浮躁，做好打持久戰(zhàn)的準備，吃苦正是為了做金字塔尖上的人，懂得堅持敢于拼搏，成功便近在眼前。永不言敗，不畏挫折，不丟信心，贏得屬于自己的人生。

成功之花，必是澆灌了奮斗的淚泉，灑遍了堅持的光亮，才會芬芳迷人，應在什么？贏在堅持，已在日復一日的努力積淀，贏在無人問津時對夢想的偏執(zhí)。不積跬步，無以至千里，一次成功往往需要很長的積累，才能把樸實無華變成枝頭上的精彩，只有堅持逐夢的恒心與毅力，才能夠贏得勝利，你只負責精彩，命運自有安排。

以奮勇逐之，以寬心待之。勝敗亦是平常，雖勝，卻不宜驕滿。外來因素的干擾是我們心靈動蕩而不能自在的來源。放平心態(tài)，只要選擇了成功，就要持久努力爭??；榮譽過后，應該有一顆平常心，慢慢積累沉淀，重鑄下一次的輝煌。沉靜之心，敢于正視慘淡的人生，敢于直面成功的實質。且行且寬心，在成功中找尋自己內心的氤氳馨香。

中國式過馬路小作文

搶出來的是時間，忽略的卻是生命。中國式過馬路，是不愛惜自己的人們拿性命換取的。珍愛生命，學會等待。片刻的駐足，有可能會變成生命的延續(xù)。生命之花，需要耐心呵護，你們應從內心去改變，換位思考，將心比心，這樣行為，讓那些司機師傅如何應對？高超的車技，趕不上橫穿馬路的腳步。所以，遵守交規(guī)吧！為了他人，也為了我們自己。

跬步之遙，人們卻為了便利，用生命的籌碼做賭注。給自己帶來危險又給他人帶來不便。中國式過馬路，國民的素質體現的是國力的強大，然而泱泱中國，雖說金玉其外，那也不敢說“其中”是完美的。人們啊，你們能不能不被一己私利控制住了頭腦，以至讓中國人被外人鄙視？所有的中國人啊，讓我們杜絕中國式過馬路!把我們絢爛而寶貴的生命之線緊系于紅綠燈之上！

趁雪打劫

求償本無過，行善品更高。雪中的有償服務無可非議,但卻缺少了社會的溫情與關懷。金錢的交易是市場行為；無私的付出更傳善意關懷。風雪之中，無償的幫助給予傳遞的不只是友愛，更是城市中人情善意的凝聚。群力推車本無害，何必只求許金財。少一些交易，多幾次幫助，換來的就是人心向善，和諧幸福的城市，溫暖人情的文明。

善本人間無償物，何必乘危為財屈。朔雪紛飛的寒冷中，助人推車的行為固然作為溫暖人心的力量，可曾琢磨，當這種善舉蒙上利益的外表，不就成為了正常的交易了嗎？不正磨滅了“善”本來溫暖璀璨的色彩了嗎？醒悟吧！當你付以熱忱之心只為換取鴻毛之資，而摒棄善之初意時，正是違背了心靈善良燦爛的一面！人行善，固遵以道：不貪重財，為滿本心。

金錢的傳遞，善行的廉價。大雪茫茫，有無數溫暖在此升華，卻有不和諧在貶低善行的價值。幫扶是表，貪婪是實。推車的好意若以金錢作為媒介，人們的內心便也仿佛禁錮在利欲的牢籠。趁雪打劫，泯滅溫情，這是人與人的隔閡，心與心的阻礙。不要讓金錢成為善行的動力，社會需要的是無私的奉獻，而非當下的唯利是圖。

君子有所為有所不為。這并不是所謂的“趁雪打劫”，冰天雪地里，誰也都不容易，他們去推車，只是為生計所迫，況且，他們用汗水付出的勞動，理應得到回報。這總比那些外表上仁義道德，而內心卻充滿貪婪意念的偽君子強得多吧。喜愛金錢，乃人之常情，人之常欲，而人們在合情合理之下才給予謀取，有何不可，理應得到認可。

滄海桑田，人心冷暖，一葉知秋，趁雪打劫的陋習彰顯著人性的變化，迥異的態(tài)度也正為變向的批評。同為關愛，卻與雪中送炭之一背道而馳。即便君子愛財，也應取之有道；勞動雖應得償，也應適可而止。名為幫助，實則利益的行為也因此漫揚開來?？v然沒有曾經的路不拾遺，也應以自身為準，否則曾經陌生人中的溫暖，又應當何去何從？

雪中炭火三更暖，錢里講情日下寒。寒風刺骨壯漢立，趁雪；五十元推一程，打劫。如今社會，陌生路人，拿錢講情；昨日溫馨不在。大雪路人煙稀少，車打滑冷眼相待，人人錢里把人瞧。怎一個“漠”字了得？敲響他人的車窗，不取不義之財，一掃曾經的淡漠與疏遠，讓我們共同努力，用情暖這寒冬臘月。

寒冬溫炭心自暖，利益明鑒遂寒淵。行車困于冰天雪地中，熱心的幫推本應是友善的，而和人通曉世態(tài)炎涼，善意的幫助卻包裹著金錢的利益。嚴嚴冬日本應溫暖，卻用這違背道義的小舉動寒了人們的心?！叭菏o可畏獨陋”，然而民眾的立場多為贊同，純粹而善良的社會也已名存實亡。文明禮儀的炎黃子孫受到考驗，反省改變即必行。

君子愛財，取之有道；小人愛財，取之不易。金錢與道德的爭端，一直追溯到人類的誕生，面對復雜的欲望漩渦，我們總是無能為力，但貪婪化作蛛網，禁錮翱翔的翅膀，又怎樣能重回，換心靈一片藍空？又怎樣能重回，那人人真善的時代？也許明天，后天，甚至永遠。在繁華的地平線，習慣給一切定上價碼，殊知？那是人們良心

感恩父親

父恩勝青天，更高天一籌；父德譬袤土，更廣地一方。父親曾將你我放在肩頭，慈愛目光深邃的內含讓人讀不盡，品不窮。那種若三月暖陽般的父愛，隨時光鍍上了銀白。白發(fā)不藏，父已年邁。而一路遮去風雪的背影沒有變。日漸佝僂，父親仍然用那顆炙熱的心照耀著你我成長，父已老，愛若磐，荏苒春秋滄桑變，吾當盡孝報熾心。

走過成長，走過你的白發(fā)。初步蹣跚，你的寬厚于掌托起我走向人生起點；漸漸長大，你的諄諄教誨引領我一路且歌且行。你并非學識淵博的學者，卻又是孩子的我眼中無所不能的老爸。你并不完美，卻讓我欽佩你的品格，你的一言一行春風化雨，一路滋潤我健康成長，女兒永不會忘，女兒會是您的驕傲，一路有你，我很幸福！

父愛本默，深沉充盈大愛。十五年歲月，你的愛放晴了我心靈院落，我在你心中找到了歸屬天空。你的溫暖，我都記得，當我在歡歡喜喜的盛開，你卻慢慢的衰落。你早將滿心豐溢的生機傾注于我懷中，成為我最純真頑皮時光中最大的分享者，你如忠誠的衛(wèi)道士，守護著我風雨飄搖的青春。父親本默，可背后隱藏的愛的力量卻讓我緬懷！

父愛悠悠，昊天罔極。幾十年如一日在成長路上前行，有你陪伴。你是無聲細語，微小之處盡顯大愛；是堅固磐石，執(zhí)著守護詮釋關懷。無論是奪得佳績的喜悅，抑或名落孫山的沮喪，是你在暗處用仁慈雋永的性靈引我度過彷徨，邁向輝煌。傾一生汗水助子女鷹揚鳶飛；耗畢生心血換子女榮耀輝煌。晴空朗朗，父愛悠長。你是子女永遠的榜樣！

縱以青絲變白發(fā)，終當舊貌換新顏。父母用青春投注在光陰中，奉獻給我們的生命，是我們成人成才。但是，他們卻日漸老去。他們一直以不變的姿態(tài)，站在我們路途的起點，當我們贏得輝煌的時候，他們?yōu)槲覀児恼疲⑿??？v使年華老去，時光不再，但是有我們，他們已知足。鳥鴉反哺羊跪乳，寸草春暉難報忘。父母之思，盡生而報。

十四年如花，爭奇斗艷；十四年如夢，淚眼朦朧。你的笑，從不離我成功雀躍之刻；你的話，也永遠伴我失敗落寞之時。一切情感皆難以言表。每當我感受陽光的沐浴。便如同在你身邊，你用寬闊的臂膀為我撐起翱翔的天空，多年來，你無微不至的呵護著我，而我在成長，你卻在衰老，我多想把時光永遠定格在那時，因我為你驕傲，父親。

綠水本無憂，因風皺面；青山原不老，為雪白頭。父女之情，可稱得上是世界上最深沉，最含蓄的了，那就好像一杯濃濃的烏龍茶，越品越回味無窮。您幾十年含辛茹苦育我成人，歲月無情在您臉上留下痕跡，青絲載不動白發(fā)情。您偉大，您正直，您如一潭清水，我似一葉扁舟，任意攪渾打亂潭水的平靜，然而潭水清純依舊。爸，我愛您！

欲報之恩，昊天罔極。父親是一座偉岸的山，用他筆挺的身軀承載起一個家庭重擔，載起三口人的笑語歡聲。他用堅實的臂膀捍衛(wèi)子女的榮耀，用深邃的眼神給予你無私的鼓勵?？鞓分畷r，他樂你所樂；難過之時，他堅守不移；危難來時，他可相依，交托一切。這就是父親，愿為你坍塌，愿為你白發(fā)蒼蒼，愿付出一切守護你的榮光。

雷人文具

故作成熟的留言，是迷失而非深沉；假裝瀟灑的話語，是另類而非時尚?！袄兹宋木摺钡臅充N，折射出學生們心里的缺失，是非的誤判。好的箴言可春風化雨，影響一生；壞的俗語亦能潛移默化，侵蝕心靈。所以，我們要彌補我們眼前這個美麗卻危險的錯誤。找回自我，飛揚活力。讓此類文具不再引領我們走上歧路，在現實的精彩中遠離傷害。

另類的背后，是心靈的扭曲。“時尚“，無非是一群學生似懂非懂，無病呻吟。過早成熟，追求個性，就是雷人文具給學生們的惡性循環(huán)。年少無知，我們正值青春，不應讓我們的無邪成為黑心商家牟取利益的借口。心靈上的潛移默化，對未來的不負責，障蔽了童真。趁我們還年輕，做回自我，回歸本真，讓單純的心靈熠熠生輝！

蓬生麻中，不扶自直；白沙在涅，與之俱黑。學生當今沉浸在雷人文具的熱潮中，雖然表面無礙，但過多的“負能量”已經在潛移默化地改變著我們的心性?；蛟S它們張揚著清楚的瘋狂，但人總會在一瞬間猛然挺住叫囂自由的腳步。在那時，我們剩下的，就只有真正的積淀，而非虛浮的繁華。放下“雷人文具”，我們用知識來迎接明天。

低俗情話躍然文具之上，雷人雷語到底為何種風尚？再優(yōu)美的情話，再凄美的的故事，也不適合初三的我們。這種文具風的背后，是經營者高利潤的巨大誘惑，可我們青少年，難道非要以此彰顯自己的青春活力？個性可以體現，但需要的不是這種低俗，文具上這樣的噱頭只會引起人們的不齒。告別低俗文具文化，重顯青春向上！

佳言鼓舞正氣傳，惡語挫勢墮人心。文具當為書寫陽光華章的媒介，可上面印的某些惡語卻削弱了向上的勢頭。時尚之言非省人之句，勿以身心受損，必當遠離。我們?yōu)榉e極的力量和向上的思想奮斗。不能為這些消極低迷的文字誘惑。省之警之，疏之拒之。為將來書寫輝煌人生積淀正能量，抵制墮落思想，一定會有噴薄綻放的一日！

俗言濁語誤學子，樸素無華方是真。文具上的不良語句，已成為誤導學生的污濁之源。朝伴夕隨，耳濡目染，帶給學生的影響是極為惡劣的。入淤泥污水之中，日不冗其染，久而漸同化一體?？扇绱孙L尚的容忍與接納，無形之中便學生們心靈蒙塵。一句俗語，降低的是高雅的修養(yǎng)；幾條情話，誤導的是遠大的理想。摒棄惡風，重拾一個清靜世界

第二篇：考研英語小作文經典舉例及點評

考研英語投訴信經典范文舉例及點評

范文之一

［Directions］: Suppose that you ordered a refrigerator but later found a worrying problem.Write a letter of complaint to describe the matter and require settlement, Do not sign your own name at the end of your letter, using “Li Ming” instead.Dear Sir, I am happy that the refrigerator we ordered last week has arrived on time.But it is a great pity that we find there is something wrong with the refrigeration facilities.After we used it for several days.we found that food stored in the refrigerating compartment turned bad quickly.When we finally decided to take the temperature in it, we were surprised to find it was around 15℃, far from the standard temperture range from 0℃ to 9℃.This problem has affected our normal life.Would you please let me know whether or not you can send a repairman as soon as possible? I hope that my problem will get your kind consideration.Yours faithfully，Li Ming ［文章點評］

這封投訴信可以說寫得非常好，結構很清晰，第一段首先肯定對方按時送貨上門的做法，隨后簡述冰箱出了問題。第二段說明具體問題，第三段提出要求。

范文之二

Dear Sir:

With reference to our order No.W98, the 120 computer sets supplies to the above order were delivered the day before yesterday, but we regret that 20 sets were badly damaged.The packages containing the computer sets appeared to be in good condition and we accepted and signed for them without question.We unpacked the computer sets with care and can only assume that damage must be due to careless handling at some stage prior to packing.We shall be glad if you will replace all 20 sets as soon as possible.Meanwhile, we have put the damaged computer sets aside in case you need them to support a claim on your suppliers for compensation.Yours sincerely，Li Ming 范文之三

Dear Mr.Chang:

On September 10, our order for 280 women's cotton sweaters was duly received, but we regret to say that 40 cotton sweaters in white color were seriously soiled.We had the case investigated immediately, and the result shows the damage was due to improper packing, for which the suppliers are definitely responsible.Needless to say, we have suffered a great loss from this, as we cannot sell the sweaters in this condition to our customers.We ask you to conduct investigation at your end and reply to us.Sincerely yours，Li Ming

考研英語小作文四種英文道歉信范文講解

因過失或疏忽做錯了事，給別人帶來了麻煩或損失，發(fā)覺后要立即寫信給對方賠禮道歉，這是一種禮貌。道歉信要寫得坦率，誠懇。

1、因未能踐約赴宴致歉Unable to keep one's promise Dear Miss Nancy，Much to my regret I was unable to keep my promise to attend your birthday party last Saturday, owing to the fact that my little son was suddenly taken ill early that day.Hoping to see you soon.Truly yours, Tom 親愛的南希小姐：

小兒上周六突然生病，因此未能應約赴生日宴，殊覺抱歉，希原諒，再見。

2、因遲復來信致歉Because of answering one's letter late Dear David: I am afraid that you will think me unpardonably negligent in not having answered your letter dated 7, December sooner, but when I have told you the reason, I trust you will be convinced that the neglect was excusable.When your letter arrived, I was just in Hong Kong.As my family could not forward it to me during my absence, it has been, therefore, lying on my desk until the moment when I took it up.Now the first thing I have to hasten to do is to write to you these few lines to express my deep regret.I enjoyed many pleasant sights during my trip.I shall be pleased to give you an account to of them when I see you next.Sincerely yours, Tom 親愛的戴維：

請原諒我收到您12月7日的來信后遲遲未復，現將原因告訴您，相信您一定會諒解的。您的來信到來時，我正巧在香港，家人無法及時轉遞。你的信一直放在我寫字臺上，直到我回到才看見，拖至今天才回信，深表歉意。

這次出去旅行飽覽了許多美麗景色，下次見到您時，將告訴您一切。

3、因未能及時還書致歉Unable to return borrowed book on time Dear Kate:

Excuse me for my long delaying in returning to you your “Robinson Crusoe” which I read through with great interest.I had finished reading the book and was about to return it when my cousin came to see me.Never having seen the book, she was so interested in it that I had to retain it longer.However, I hope that in view of the additional delight thus afforded by your book, you will overlook my negligence in not returning it sooner.Thanking you again for the loan.Sincerely yours, Tom 親愛的凱特：

我遲遲未能歸還您的那本《魯濱遜飄流記》，請原諒。該書我讀得津津有味。讀完后，正預備歸還您時，我的表妹來訪，見這本書也感興趣，定要借去一讀。為了讓別人也能分享您那本書所給予的樂趣，我不能及時歸還。我想再延遲些日子奉還，諒您不會介意的。

再次感謝您的慷慨。

4、因遺失借書致歉Because of losing a borrowed book Dear Frank:

I am terribly sorry to tell you that I have lost the valuable book you were so kind to lend me last week.I read it everyday and intended to finish it next month.Last night when I came to my room, it was nowhere to be found.I will try to recover it as soon as possible.If I fail to find it, I will get a new book for you.But I am afraid it can never take the place of the old one.Old books are like old friends.Once lost, they can never be replaced.They are connected with cherished associations which the new ones can never have.And for this irrecoverable loss, I am to blame.I was so careless with my things.This is a warning to me to be more careful in the future.Yours truly, Tom 親愛的弗蘭克：

很抱歉，上星期您借給我的那本書竟遺失了。我每天都在看，準備下個月看完。昨晚我回到我的臥室，到處也找不到那本書。我將盡力找到它。萬一找不到，我只好買一本新的還您。

但是，新書恐怕不能代替那本舊書吧！舊書跟舊友一樣，一旦失去就不能再得。舊書與往事相連，這種不可彌補的損失，皆由我起。我對待一切太大意了，這次給我一個警告，叫我以后要小心。

考研英語小作文10篇經典索賠信函范文

為應對2006年考研英語小作文要求，本網站將定期為各位網友推薦一些英語應用文的范文供大家參考。本文是關于抱怨信函方面的范文，大家可以借鑒一下也是很有幫助的！

抱怨和索賠信函（Complaints & Claims）的目的是為了獲取更好的服務，對已出現的問題求得盡快的、妥善的解決。它通常是買方由于對收到的貨物不滿而書寫，如：貨物未按時到達；貨物雖抵達，但與訂單所載不同；貨物有損毀現象；貨物數量短缺或多余；貨物質量與樣品不符；服務不合理以及收費過高等，這些均是抱怨、索賠的正當理由。

書寫抱怨、索賠信函時，不妨開門見山出原先雙方同意的條件，然后列舉事實以表示有何不滿，以及為什么不滿，最后提出解決的方法。內容應明確、清楚、有理，語氣要簡潔、堅決。避免使用憤怒和使對方過于難堪的措辭（除非你所抱怨的問題反復發(fā)生，且多次投訴而毫無結果）。

1）For Delay in Shipment(由于發(fā)貨延遲而抱怨)Dear Sirs，The furniture we ordered from you should have reached us a week ago.Needless to say , the delay in delivery has put us to great inconvenience.It is therefore imperative that you dispatch them immediately.Otherwise we shall be obliged to cancel the order and obtain the goods elsewhere.Please look into the matter as one of urgency and let us have your reply as early as possible.Yours faithfully, John Thomas 親愛的先生們：我方從貴方訂購的家具應于一星期前收到。不用說，發(fā)貨的延遲給我方帶來了很大的不便。因此，貴方必須立即發(fā)貨，否則我們將被迫取消訂單，到另處訂貨。

請緊急處理此事，并盡快告知結果。

2）For Poor-Packing（由于包裝不妥提出索賠）Dear Sirs , We are writing to inform you that the toys covered by our order No.519arrived in such an unsatisfactory condition that we have to lodge a claim against you.It was found upon examination that 10%of them are broken and some are badly scratched , obviously due to the improper packing.Therefore, we cannot offer it for sale at the normal price and suggest that you make us an allowance of 20% on the invoiced cost.This is the amount by which we propose to reduce our selling price.If you cannot accept , I?m afraid we shall have to return them for replacement.Sincerely yours, John Thomas 親愛的先生們：我們寫信通知貴方，519號訂單玩具已收到，但貨物狀況很不令人滿意，故我們不得不提出索賠。經檢查，我們發(fā)現有10％的貨物破損，而且一些也有嚴重磨損現象。很明顯，這是由于包裝不妥造成的。因此，我們無法以原價售出貨物。建議貴方依照發(fā)票金額給予20％的折扣，這是我們所建議降低的售價額度。如果貴方無法接受，我們將不得不退貨，要求替換。

3）For Damage of Goods（由于貨物損壞而抱怨）Dear Sirs, Our order No.JT-8 the glassware you supplied to our order of 3rd July was delivered by the shipping company this morning.The 160 cartons containing the goods appeared to be in perfect

condition.But when I unpacked them with great care, I regret to report that 10 cartons of glassware badly cracked.We trust you can understand that we expect the compensation for our dam aged goods.Yours faithfully, John Thomas 親愛的先生們：訂單JT－8號我方于7月3日從貴處訂購的玻璃器皿已于今早貨運公司送到。裝有貨物的160個紙箱完好無損。但當我們小心打開檢查時，發(fā)現有10箱玻璃器皿嚴重破損。相信貴處能理解我方要求對損壞貨物進行賠償。

4）For Inconformity（由于貨物不符而抱怨）Dear Sirs ，On March 12, we ordered 1,200 shirts size 42.But unfortunately, we received completely different articles-children clothes today.We can only presume that a mistake was made and the children clothes were for another order.As I have several customers waiting, please arrange for the replacements at once.Faithfully yours, John Thomas 親愛的先生們：三月十二日我訂購了一千二百件四十二號男式襯衣。但不幸的是，今天我們收到了完全不同的貨物――兒童服裝。我們想貴方一定搞錯了，兒童服裝是另一份訂單。由于有幾位客戶在等貨，故請貴方立即安排更換貨物。

5）For Unacceptable Substitute（由于無法接受替代物而抱怨）Dear Mr.Cliff, During the past three months I have placed two sizable orders for The Handy Desk Companion by Roy.specifying the hard back binding.But both time you sent me paper-back binding because you were out of stock on the hard-back.Fortunately, I am still selling a few of the paper backs, but more and more customers ask for the hard-back ones.(At least two of our competitors have this reference book in hard-back in our cities).Enclosed is my order for 75 copies of The Handy Desk Companion in hard-back.Please do not, under any circumstances, send me anything else.I have plenty of the paper-back in stock.Very sincerely yours, Jorn Thomas 親愛的克里夫先生：在過去的三個月中，我兩次向貴方訂購了相當數量的由羅伊所著的《便利的辦公伙伴》一書，指定需要精裝本。但貴方由于精裝本缺貨，兩次寄給我的都是平裝本。

值得慶幸的是，我仍賣出一些平裝本，但越來越多的顧客索要精裝本。（本對少有兩家競爭者出售此書的精裝本）。

隨信寄上訂單，購買75本《便利的辦公伙伴》精裝本。請無論如何，不要寄給我其它替代物。我現已大量平裝本的庫存。

6）For Shortweight(由于短重而要求索賠)Dear Sirs ，We have just received the Survey Report from Shanghai Commodity Inspection Bureau evidencing that all drums of apple juice weigh short by form 1 to 5 kilogram, totaling 300 kilogram.As the drums were intact , it is obvious that apple juice was short weight before shipment.Under such circumstances , we have to file a claim against you to the amount of RMB

850 plus inspection fee.We are enclosing the Survey Report No.TE(95)115 and looking for ward to your settlement at an early date.Yours faithfully.親愛的先生們： John Thomas 我方剛剛收到上海商檢局的栓驗報告，證明所有蘋果汁每桶少一至五公斤,總共減少三千公斤。由于果汁完好無損，顯而易見，蘋果汁估裝運前就不夠重量。在這種情況下，我方不得不向貴方提出八百五十元人民幣的索賠，另加檢驗費用。現隨信附上第TE（95）115號商檢報告，希望早日解決這一問題。

7）For Over-Shipment（由于到貨數量過多而抱怨）Dear Sirs, We thank you for promptness in delivering the Chinaware we ordered on 20th Dec.The number of cartons delivered by your carrier this morning was 360, whereas our order was for only 320.Unfortunately, our present needs are completely covered and we cannot make use of the extra goods.Please inform us by fax what we are to do with the extra goods.Yours faithfully, 親愛的先生們：對于我方12月20日訂購的瓷器，非常感謝貴方及時發(fā)貨。然而，今早貴方承運人送來360箱貨物，而我方只訂購了320箱。很不幸，我方目前的需要已完全飽和，無法接受多余的貨物。請傳真通知我方如何處理。

8）For Inferior Quality(由于質量低劣而抱怨)Dear Sirs，With reference to our Order No.315, we are compelled to express our strong complaints for the inferior quality.Compared to the sample No.169, the arrived self-adhesive correction tape is very transparent and does not satisfactorily cover the error being corrected.We shall be glad to have your explanation of this inferiority in the quality, and also to know what you purpose to do in this matter.Sincerely yours.Jorn Thomas 親愛的先生們：關于我方第315號訂單，由于到貨質量低劣，我主被迫表達強烈的不滿。同169號樣品經較，此次運到的修改帶稀薄，無法滿意覆蓋被改正的錯誤。我方希望貴方對這一情況加以解釋，并告知貴方對此事的處理方法。

9）For Errors in an Invoice(由于發(fā)票錯誤抱怨)Dear Sirs ，When your sales representative, Helen Xu, called on me in late December,she told me that you were offering a special price of $ 147 on the ,Wizard icemaker during the month of January.I ordered six on January 17, figuring the total amount of the order at $882.However ,the invoice that accompanied the shipment showed the amount due as $ 1098.It is apparent that I was charged the regular price of $ 183 instead of the lower price I was promised.I?m enclosing a check for $ 882 in payment of the order.Unless I hear from , you to the contrary ,I will assume that this is the correct amount and that my account is clear.If this is not the case ,I would like your permission to return the six Wizard icemakers to you at your expense.Sincerely yours, 親愛的先生們:當貴方銷售代表海倫·徐去年十二月底拜訪我時,告知今年一月份奇術制冰機將以每臺147美元的價格銷售。我于一月十七日訂購了六臺，應支付882美元。然而，貴方的銷售價常規(guī)價每臺183美元，而并非所許諾的低廉價格。隨函附上一張882美元的支票。除非我聽到異議，否則我將認為款額正確、帳務已清。如果情形相反，請允許我退回六臺奇術 制冰機，所需費用全由貴方支付。

10)、For Poor Performance on a Service Contract(由于服務質量差而抱怨)Dear Mr..Weidner.Contract No.17854

You will recall that you and I have discussed at least three times during the past six months the low quality of service provided by your hotel.After each conversation, service is improved for a short time , and then reverts.back to the old standard that brought abort my original complaints.I will summarize in this letter my previous discussions about your performance.You may wish to refer to our contract as you read my comments.1.Windows :According to the contract ,all windows are to be cleaned once a month.This is not being done.Often from six to eight weeks elapse between cleanings.Even when the windows are cleaned ,the job is less than satisfactory.2.Carpets: The carpets should be vacuumed after each workday.Although your service people do show up each day , their efforts can only be described as careless.3.Miscellaneous : I could mention a dozen other cleaning responsibilities that are not being met satisfactorily--furniture , lavatories and ash trays , for example.I call your attention to paragraph 7c in the contract , Mr..Weidner , in which the provisions for revocation of the contract are described.I do not like to consider such a possibility , but I must have your written assurance that all provisions of the contract will be met.I will be pleased to meet with you once more to discuss the situation.I assure you that this a matter of some urgency to me.Yours faithfully, John Thomas 親愛的韋德羅先生：您會記得，在過去六個月中，我們至少三次討論過貴旅店服務質量低劣問題。每次討論過后，服務質量在短時間內有所提高，但不久又退回到原先的水平。

在這封信中，我將就先前討論問題做一概述。您在閱讀此信時，也許需要參考我們的合同.1.窗戶：遵照合同，每月清洗一次所有窗戶。然而。此項工作并未得到落實。每次清洗相隔六至八周。即使窗戶被清洗過，效果也不盡人意。2.地毯：每個工作日之后，對地毯應真空吸塵。盡管貴方服務人員每天露面，但工作很不仔細。3.各種事務：我可列舉許多令人不滿意的清潔工作，例如家具、衛(wèi)生間、煙灰缸等等。韋德羅先生，請您注意我們合的每7c一段，有關終止合同的說明。我本人并不想考慮這種可能，但您是必須書面保證履行合同中的所有條款。我很愿意同您再次會晤，討論目前情形。這事對于我至關重要，二盼急迫?？佳凶魑牧魧W申請信和獎學金申請信范文

留學申請信和獎學金申請信中須寫明下列幾點：(1)寫明申請學校和所學專業(yè)。(2)提供申請人的個人資歷。(3)索取申請學校相關的申請表等。

一、留學申請信(Application for Admittance)經典范文之一 Dear Sir，I am going to graduate from Department of Computer in Huabei University in June next year.I am very eager to enter the Graduate School of your university next fall to study applied computer for Ph.D.degree.I would appreciate it very much if you would send me a graduate catalog of your university and any other necessary information, and also a set of application forms for admission.Thank you for your kind assistance.Sincerely yours, Wang Feng 經典范文之二 Dear Sir，I am writing in the hope that I may obtain an opportunity to further my study in Applied Physics toward Master degree in your university.My name is Li Jin, an undergraduate student of the Department of Applied Physics, Huabei University.Next year in the summer, I will graduate and get my B.S.degree.I plan to continue my study and research in this field.I chose Boston University because there are a congenial team of researchers, an array of databases and research projects in your school of Physics.I believe my interests are extremely congruent with the strengths of the school.And my solid academic background will meet your general entrance requirements for graduate study.I will appreciate it very much if you could send me the Graduate Application Forms, the Application Form for Scholarships/Assistantships, and other relevant information.My mailing address is shown on the top of this letter.I am looking forward to hearing from you soon.Sincerely yours, Li Ming

二、獎學金申請信(Applications for Scholarships)經典范文之一 Dear Sir:

I should like to apply for one of the scholarships that your department may be offering to students from other countries.Would you please send me the necessary application froms and any further details about the scholarships.I am a postgraduate student in Beijing Science and Engineering University.I major in microelectronics engineering, and do some research work during my study years.I hope to have a further study and continue to do my research work if I succeed in obtaining the engineering scholarship.Enclosed please find two letters of recommendation and my score report card.Thank you for your consideration.I look forward to your reply.Respectfully yours, Ma Minghao 經典范文之二 Dear Dr.Gomes:

I have read the announcement of the scholarship in chemistry that the University of Colorado is offering, and I would like to submit my application.The enclosed application form for admission to the graduate school of your university will give my educational history.However, I would like to point out that I have just received an M.S.Sincerely yours, Li Ming 經典范文之三 Dear Sir:

I am writing to you in the hope of obtaining the scholarship in history to support my study and some research work.I am a graduate student in the Department of History in the Northeast University for Nationalities.In addition to study and research work, I also write books.Recently I have finished a book on the history of the Origen nationality in China, which is to be published by the World Book Publishing House in the coming year.I would like to focus on that field for my advanced studies.Enclosed please find three letters of recommendation and my resume.Thank you for your time and consideration.I look forward to your reply.Respectfully yours, Li Ming

考研英語摘要題型寫作思路要點講解

考研英語摘要題型寫作是難度非常大的一種寫作形式，隨著考生英語水平的不斷提高，這種題型應引起考生的重視。在2006年考研英語又出現該題型，盡管這種題型真正考到的概率不是很大，但是本人覺得各位網友還是要熟悉這種題型，以背急時之需。

1、摘要題型寫作要點：

① 動筆之前，考生一定要認真仔細地閱讀所給原文，弄懂原文大意，掌握原文要點。

② 摘要的長度一般是原文的四分之一或五分之一，考試時應遵守規(guī)定的字數限制。

③ 在做摘要時考生切忌照搬原文。

④ 摘要應與原文的觀點保持一致，并且仍按原文的邏輯順序排列。

⑤ 重點反映主要觀點，刪除細節(jié)。

⑥ 簡化從句，用簡短的語句代替冗長的語句。

⑦ 檢查與修改時，考生應重點檢查是否遺漏了原文的要點或包含了細節(jié)。

2、摘要題型寫作實例

① 試題題目

Directions: Study the following essay carefully and write a summary in about 80 words.We continue to share with our remotest ancestors the most tangled and evasive attitudes about death, despite the great distance we have come in understanding some of the profound aspects of biology.We have as much distaste for talking about personal death as for thinking about it;it is an indelicacy, like talking in mixed company about venereal disease or abortion in the old days.Death on a grand scale does not bother us in the same special way: we can sit around a dinner table and discuss war, involving 60 billion volatilized human deaths, as though we were talking about bad weather;we can watch abrupt bloody death every day, in color, on films and television, without blinking back a tear.It is when the numbers of dead are very small, and very close, that we begin to think in scurrying circles.At the very center of the problem is the naked cold deadness of one?s own self, the only reality in nature of which we can have absolute certainty, and it is unmentionable, unthinkable.We may be even less willing to face the issue at first hand than our predecessors because of a secret new hope that maybe it will go away.We like to think, hiding the thought, that with all the marvelous ways in which we seem now to lead nature around by the nose, perhaps we can avoid the central problem if we just become, next year, say, a bit smarter.(246 words)

3.talk about death when millions of people die 4.become confused and anxious when each time the dead people are very few and the death rates are almost equal

5.people?s fearfulness 6.seem to control nature 7.avoid death ② 原文要點：

1.continue to have the most confused ideas of death like predecessors 2.avoid talking about death ③ 參考摘要：

People dislike talking about death because they just like their predecessors still have the vaguest ideas of the issue.They talk about death only when million upon millions of people are killed in war.When they find only very few people die each time and the death rates are almost equal, they become very anxious, thinking that next time they themselves will meet their doom.Therefore, they fear very much.However, they have a hope that when they control nature, they can avoid death.(84 words)用實例講解考研英語摘要的寫作要點

本文談談怎樣寫英語概要(Precis)。要寫好一篇文章的概要應考生應具備兩種基本能力。首先應具備理解原文，掌握全文中心思想的能力；其次應具有用簡練的語言將原文的中心思想表達出來的能力。一般說來，概要的篇幅為原文的1/3至1/4，因此在寫概要時務必注意語言的概括和精練。概要寫作一般按下列步驟進行：

1.認真仔細地閱讀原文兩遍，理解和掌握全文的內容。

2.仔細地閱讀考題指令，明確了解考題要求，在原文上標出重點，如議論文中的論點、論據；記敘文中的發(fā)展、高潮、結局等。

3.再一次閱讀原文，并將所需要采用的要點列出。要點的記錄應盡可能簡潔明了。

4.根據記錄的要點寫出概要的初稿，并盡可能不參照原文，除非當你需要核實某個要點。這將十分有益于用自己的語言組織內容，而不是照抄原文中的某些詞句。完成初稿后應數一數字數，但千萬不可在寫完每一句句子即數字數。這樣不僅浪費寶貴的時間，而且會攪亂寫作的思路。

5.進行一些必要的修改和調整后，謄清完稿，并在最后注明具體字數。

應考生在重讀謄清稿時，有兩點還應牢記：首先，你寫出的概要內容必須忠實于原文，或者說精確(accurate)。概要中所有的內容和信息必須來源于原文，既不可篡改原文內容也不能包括原文未涉及到的內容。其次，概要讀起來應是一完整連貫的段落。要取得這一完整連貫，就應該使用一些連接詞(link－words)，如?but?,?and?,?however?,?also?等連接要點；同樣，也可使用諸如?since?,?though?,?even if ?，?when?,?after?,?before?等詞。請看下面一例子：

The sentry watched a hawk that hovered overhead, looking for some unsuspecting prey to pounce upon.Then he heard the distant, muffled roar of planes, then silence.For the past week he had been told to take note of everything that happened on the hill within his range of vision, and to report anything suspicious.The hill led to an experimental factory, where new and secret weapons were tested.There was a threat of war and the factory would be invaluable to the enemy.So the approaches to it were watched day in, and day out.He shifted his position;he felt that he had been crouching in the heather since the beginning of the time, but only a couple of hours of the day?s duty had passed.Suddenly he saw something falling from the sky like snow, only it was not snow.[He put out his hand and caught bits of that were drifting near him.They were thin strips of metal to confuse delicate instruments, so that it would not be possible to detect the landing of enemy craft.Next he heard a long, low, continuous roar from the east and saw bundles descending from the sky which looked like umbrellas opening, but which be knew to be parachutes with men hanging from them.He wanted to go at once to give the alarm, but he had to be sure that the parachutes were not his own men out on an exercise.The men were on ground now.One of them pointed in the direction of secret factory and they all began marching toward it.He had no more doubts and set off at once down the hill.He crawled slowly, sometimes on his stomach, sometimes on his side, weaving decided that he had ample cover and started to run.But he had erred, for bullets were soon whistling past him.He drooped flat on the ground.Nobody came to search for him, so he counted up to a hundred and then began crawling again.He moved tortuously and as silently as he could to his camp at the foot of the hill.]

Describe in not more than 80 words what the sentry saw and did from the moment when the strips of metal fell from the sky until he got back to his camp.Use your own words as far as possible.Do not include anything that is not in the passage.1.Points(Saw and Did)

1)Put out hands;caught strip metal.2)Saw bundles.3)Waited.4)Saw men on ground.5)One pointed;all marched.6)Went downhill.7)Crawled—stomach, side—to stream.8)Started running.9)Dropped flat(why?—bullets).10)Counted 100;crawled.11)Silently to camp.2.Rough Draft(Linking of Points)（寫得不好的摘要）

When the sentry held out his hand to catch what was falling out of the sky, he found that it was strips of metal.The bundles began coming down.The sentry waited until men appeared on the ground.One of them pointed and the sentry saw them march towards the factory.Crawling on his stomach and on his side, the sentry moved downhill.He began running when he came to a stream, but dropped down when he was shot at.After counting up to a hundred to himself, he began crawling silently again downhill.(95 words)

3.Fair Copy(Corrected Draft)（寫锝比較的摘要）

After catching hold of metal strips falling out of the sky, the sentry saw bundles descending and, after a time, some men appeared on the ground.One of them pointed and they all began marching towards the factory.The sentry crawled downhill on his stomach and on his side.When he came to a stream, he began running but dropped down when the men shot at him.He counted up to a hundred, then silently started crawling again towards his camp.(80 words)考研英語小作文摘要題型常見的寫作句型

常見的摘要句型共有43個，競學網把它收集在一起，如果考生能熟練背誦出來的話，那么對備考這類題型肯定非常有幫助。

1）This paper deals with...2）This article focuses on the topics of(that, having, etc)...3）This essay presents knowledge that...4）This thesis discusses...5）This thesis analyzes...6）This paper provides an overview of...7)This paper elaborates on...8）This article gives an overview of...9）This article compares...and summarizes key findings.10）This paper includes discussions concerning...11)This paper presents uptodate information on...12)This article covers the role of chemicals in...13)This paper addresses important topics including...14)This paper touches upon...15)This paper strongly emphasizes...16)This essay represents the proceedings of...17)This article not only describes...but also suggests...18)This paper considers...19)This paper provides a method of...20)This paper introduces an applicable procedure to analyze...21)This paper offers the latest information regarding...22)This paper is devoted to examining the role of...23)This article explores...24)This paper expresses views on...25)This paper reflects the state of the art in...26)This paper explains the procedures for...27)This paper develops the theory of...28)This article reviews the techniques used in...29)This paper investigates the techniques and procedures to...30)This article is about...31)This essay is related to...32)This paper concerns...33)This paper gives an account of...34)This article tells of...35)This paper tries to describe...36)This paper provides an analysis of...37)This paper reports the latest information on...38)The author of this article reviews...39)The writer of this paper discusses...40)The writer of this essay tries to explore...41)The aim of this paper is to determine...42)The purpose of this article is to review...43)The objective of this paper is to explore...

第三篇：作文提綱舉例

? 題目：難忘的一個人（也可自擬）

? 主題：寫一個讓自己印象深刻的人，表達對這個人的感受和感情。

提綱舉例：

一、開關回憶曾經有一個人讓自己難忘。

二、1.交代事情發(fā)生的時間、地點、人物、與起因。2.具體敘述難忘的經過。（詳略得當，重點敘述令自己感動的方面。要有人物的語言、動作、心理、神態(tài)、細節(jié)描寫）

三、結尾抒發(fā)真情實感

提綱舉例：

一、開頭總寫人物特點

二、通過具體事例表現人物特點。（通過人物的語言、動作、神態(tài)、心理等細節(jié)描寫。采用正面和側面描寫相結合的方法寫。）

三、抒發(fā)贊美之情，與開頭照應。

提綱舉例：

開頭：交代（拾荒者）的體貌、年齡及其留給自己的總體印象。（總寫）中間：（1）拾荒者早起晚歸，特別辛苦，歷盡人間滄桑。

（2）了解家境。（貧寒、孤苦無依、一拾荒為主）

（3）默默資助失學兒童。結尾：抒發(fā)對（拾荒者）的崇敬心情。提綱舉例：

開頭：抓住特點，描寫老爸外貌（外貌引入法）

中間：敘述事情，體現老爸樂觀的特點（細節(jié)描寫詳略結合）結尾：表達感情，領悟道理（啟發(fā)式結尾）

第四篇：英語作文舉例

自教育部提倡初中生每天長跑1500米后，校園里課間可以看到很多學生跑步的身影。對于這樣的倡議，你在學校做了一個調查，有些學生覺的好，有些學生覺的不好。請你把調查的結果用英語寫成短文，并談談自己的看法，發(fā)表在學校的刊物上，開頭已經寫好。

觀點原因你的觀點贊同可以放松，更健康，幫助學習更好

不贊同太累，跑步后上課不能集中注意力，想睡覺

I did a survey about whether middle school students should run 1500 meters every day.Here are the results.

第五篇：舉例子類說明文作文

常見的說明方法有：舉例子、分類別、下定義、摹狀貌、作詮釋、打比方、列數字、列圖表、引用說明。

2、常見說明方法的作用：

①、舉例子：通過舉具體的實例對事物的特征/事理加以說明，從而使說明更具體，更有說服力。

②、分類別：對事物的特征/事理分門別類加以說明，使說明更有條理性。

③、作比較：把__________和__________加以比較，突出強調了事物的特征/事理。

④、作詮釋：對事物的特征/事理加以具體的解釋說明，使說明更通俗易懂。⑤、打比方：將__________比作__________，從而形象生動地說明了事物的特征/事理。

⑥、摹狀貌：對事物的特征/事理加以形象化的描摹，使說明更具體形象。

⑦、下定義：用簡明科學的語言對說明的對象/科學事理加以揭示，從而更科學、更本質、更概括地揭示事物的特征/事理。

⑧、列數字：用具體的數據對事物的特征/事理加以說明，使說明更準確更有說服力。

（引用說明在文章開頭，還起到引出說明對象的作用。）

為什么不能調換段落順序？

不能調換：原文采用由??到??的順序介紹事物，調換后不合邏輯。

語言準確性：類型

1、加點字詞有何作用？（1）不可以。（2）原詞的意思或內容。

（3）所換詞語的意思或內容。（4）換了后意思有何改變，與不符合實際。限制性詞語能否刪去？

對策：答：（1）表態(tài)（刪還是不刪）。（2）定性。如：“比較”“幾乎”“相當”等詞表程度修辭；“大約”“可能”“左 右” 等表估計，“多”“有余”等表數量。（3）若刪去，原來什么樣的意思就變成了什么樣的意思了，不符合實際，太絕對了。（4）xx詞體現了語言的準確 性、周密性、科學性。

類型

4、從文章中找出一個能體現說明文語言“準確”特點的詞句，并體會。類型5：指代——“這些條件”、“這種現象”“同樣道理”等在文中具體指代什么。對策：一般指的就是代詞前面的那句話，找最近的一句話。有時要注意可能不是整句話，而是其中的一部分。篇二：說明文作文教案 1 2 板書： 學寫說明文 說明對象的特征 說明的順序 說明方法 3 篇三：說明文 1.舉例子

使文章更加具體,更有說服力,更客觀地說明了事物。使比較抽象，復雜的事情或事物變得通俗易懂，讓人信服。舉例子必須讓人覺得有真實感。2.作比較

說明某些抽象的或者是人們比較陌生的事物，可以用具體的或者大家已經熟悉的事物和它比較，使讀者通過比較得到具體而鮮明的印象。3.下定義

用簡明的語言對某一概念的本質特征作規(guī)定性的說明叫下定義。下定義能準確揭示事物的本質，是科技說明文常用的方法。4.列圖表

為了把復雜的事物說清楚，還可以采用圖表法，來彌補單用文字表達的缺欠，對有些事物解說更直接、更具體。使讀者直觀，一目了然的了解事物的特征。5.作詮釋 從一個側面，就事物的某一個特點做些解釋，這種方法叫詮釋法。（引.....的例子，說明......的......的特點。）6.打比方

利用兩種不同事物之間的相似之處作比較，以突出事物的形狀特點，增強說明的形象性和生動性的說明方法叫做打比方說明文中的打比方的說明方法，同修辭格上的比喻是一致的。用這個方法，可以使抽象復雜說得淺顯易懂，具體生動。不同的是，比喻修辭有明喻、暗喻、和借喻，而說明多用明喻和暗喻，借喻則不宜使用。（把......比作......，體現了.......的.......特點.......。）7.摹狀貌

為了使被說明對象更形象、具體，可以進行狀貌摹寫，這種說明方法叫摹狀貌。（和描寫要區(qū)分開,兩者雖一樣,不過是在不同的文體中的。）8.引資料

為了使說明的內容更充實具體，可以引資料說明。引資料的范圍很廣，可以是經典著作，名家名言，公式定律，典故諺語等。9.分類別

將被說明的對象，按照一定的標準劃分成不同的類別，一類一類地加以說明，這種說明方法，叫分類別。幫助讀者掌握特征，頭緒分明。10.列數字

為了使所要說明的事物具體化，還可以采用列數字的方法，以便讀者理解。需要注意的是，引用的數字，一定要準確無誤，不準確的數字絕對不能用，即使是估計的數字，也要有可靠的根據，并力求近似。

說明文是以說明為主要表達方式，對事物、事理進行介紹、解說的一種文體。說明文的閱讀方法

一，讀抓綱——整體把握說明點

說明文寫作的目的就是要告訴讀者某個事物或某個事物的某方面的知識。而作者傳達的這個知識，就是說明，也就是說明文的中心思想。那么怎樣把握它呢？方法主要有三點：

首先可抓住文章的標題明確說明點。俗說“標題是文章的眼睛”，說明文的標題往往揭示了說明的中心。先看總標題：《奇妙的克隆》，可知是有關神奇的克隆技術的知識介紹，以揭開“克隆”的秘密；再看內容，全文用了四個小標題：克隆是什么、克隆鯽魚出世前后、克隆綿羊“多利”、克隆技術造福人類。你只要瀏覽一下課文的小標題，就會對課文內容有個大體的了解。

其次可抓住文章的結構歸納說明點。一般說明文往往都會圍繞一個主要問題或內容進行說明，而有的說明文則需要我們把小說明點歸納起來，構成全文的說明點。例如《奇妙的克隆》采用的是并列式結構，從不同的側面說明克隆，除了我們前面說的抓小標題外（或者假如像有的文章那樣就沒有小標題），我們也可以根據四部分的內容結構把它歸納出來。即克隆的含義、實驗、發(fā)展與好處等。

另外可抓住說明的順序弄清說明點。事物事理的本身是有其順序的，人們認識事物事理也有一定的順序，因此理清了文章的順序，也就有助于弄清說明的中心。例如這篇課文主要是闡述事理的，無疑采用的是邏輯順序：先寫克隆的含義，接著寫克隆實驗，再寫克隆的發(fā)展，最后寫克隆對人類的造福和對克隆的思考。行文脈絡十分清楚，說明事理步步推進，文章的中心也就一目了然。

二，讀精析——細部研討方法點

要想把事物事理說清說透，就肯定離不開說明方法。因此閱讀說明文，就應當抓住主要的說明方法，并搞清楚各種說明方法的聯系和作用，這樣才能比較準確地把握說明的內容和文章的結構。我們不妨從以下兩方面入手：

一是可以先從全文上提領各部分的說明方法。不妨列出表格，以一覽無余。

二是可以抓住重點段落，精要分析具體的說明方法。例如：在“克隆是什么”一小節(jié)里，作者為了說明“克隆”，運用了三種說明方法：舉例子、釋義和引用。舉例子：列舉植物、動物界當中的人們比較熟悉的例子

來說明，把艱深的科學知識說得簡明易懂；釋義：對克隆一詞進行溯源并作出解釋；引用：引入《西游記》中孫悟空拔一把猴毛變出一大群猴子的故事，生動形象地說明了“克隆”是怎么一回事，把科學技術寫得富有趣味。

三，讀品味——捕捉咀嚼情感點

與其他文體一樣，說明文中也同樣“說”著作者的情感態(tài)度，而這也正是我們理解課文所不可或缺的?！镀婷畹目寺　肥巧飳W家談家楨寫的一篇科普文章。學習這篇課文，既要了解克隆這一科技成果，更要從中學習科學家在科學的道路上鍥而不舍、不斷攀登的精神，還要在此基礎上，對科學這把“雙刃劍”有一個初步的認識。

為了說明什么是“克隆”，作者精心組織材料，把“克降是什么”“克隆技術的發(fā)展脈絡”“克隆羊多利的誕生”“克隆技術如何造福人類”介紹得清清楚楚。但是作者又不限于一般性的知識介紹，而是融入自己的贊賞之情和嚴肅思考。具體地說，本文既向我們介紹了克隆科學知識，又展現了包括我國科學家在內的“科學精神”，同時又引領讀者全面地看待科學技術的發(fā)展。閱讀時，我們就要從課文中找出能表現科學家嚴謹、求實、鍥而不舍的態(tài)度與精神的句子，加以體味。

說明文寫法分析

1、結合說明方法談

規(guī)范性的答題模式如下：

這篇文章主要運用了??的說明方法，說明了??（內容：事物特征或事理），使說明??（作用：參考前面說明方法，明確其作用）

2、結合修辭手法談

規(guī)范性的答題模式如下：

這是一篇生動地說明文，大量地使用了各種修辭手法，說明了??（內容），使文章的說明形象生動。

3、結合表達方式談

記敘、描寫使說明更具體形象；抒情、議論使說明更有感情。那么，從這個角度分析說明文的寫法，答題的規(guī)范性格式如下：

這篇文章綜合運用多種表達方式，除了說明外，還有??（從“記敘、描寫、說明、議論”根據內容選擇），如??（具體舉例），就是??（表達方式）的運用，使說明更具體形象/充滿感情。