第一篇：快速閱讀練習

1快速閱讀練習（1）

Part IIReading Comprehension(Skimming and Scanning)(15 minutes)

Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1.For questions 1-7, mark

Y(for YES)if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;N(for NO)if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage;NG(for NOT GIVEN)if the information is not given in the passage.For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.Harvard University

A Brief Introduction

Harvard University, private, coeducational institution of higher education, the oldest in the United States, in Cambridge, Massachusetts.In 1636 a college was founded in Cambridge by the Great and General Court of the Massachusetts Bay Colony.It was opened for instruction two years later and named in 1639 for English clergyman John Harvard, its first benefactor.The college at first lacked substantial endowments and existed on gifts from individuals and the General Court.Harvard gradually acquired considerable autonomy and private financial support, becoming a chartered university in 1780.Today it has the largest private endowment of any university in the world.Sponsored by Henry Rosovsky, former dean of the faculty of arts and sciences(1973-1984), the undergraduate elective system, or General Education Program, was replaced in 1979 by a Core Curriculum intended to prepare well-educated men and women for the challenges of modern life.Students are now required to take courses for the equivalent of an academic year in each of five areas: literature and arts, history, social analysis and moral reasoning, science, and foreign cultures.In addition to the new curriculum, students must spend roughly the equivalent of two years on courses in a field of concentration and one year on elective courses.Students must also demonstrate competence in writing, mathematics, and a foreign language.From its earliest days Harvard established and maintained a tradition of academic excellence and the training of citizens for national public service.Among many notable alumni are the religious leaders Increase Mather and Cotton Mather;the philosopher and psychologist William James;and men of letters such as Ralph Waldo Emerson, Henry David Thoreau, James Russell Lowell, Oliver Wendell Holmes, Robert Frost, and T.S.Eliot.More U.S.presidents have attended Harvard than any other college: John Adams, John Quincy Adams, Theodore Roosevelt, Franklin

D.Roosevelt, and John F.Kennedy.A sixth, Rutherford B.Hayes, was a graduate of Harvard Law School, which also counts the jurists Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr., and Felix Frankfurter among its alumni.Undergraduate Activities

During their freshman year, students live in halls within Harvard Yard, a walled enclosure containing several structures from the early 18th century now used as dormitories, dining facilities, libraries, and classrooms.Sophomores, juniors, and seniors live in the 12 residences known as houses.Named in honor of a distinguished alumnus or administrator, each house accommodates approximately 350 students and a group of faculty members who provide individual instruction as

tutors, fostering social and intellectual exchange between students and teachers.Each house also has a library and sponsors cultural activities and intramural athletics.Undergraduate life has the additional attraction of proximity to Boston.Graduate and Professional Faculties

Harvard's graduate and professional facilities, founded over the last 200 years, include schools of arts and sciences, business administration, dental medicine, design, divinity, education, law, medicine, public administration(now the John Fitzgerald Kennedy School of Government), and public health.Special studies programs are also provided at the Harvard-Yenching Institute;the John K.Fairbank Center for East Asian Research;the Kathryn W.and Shelby Cullom Davis Center for Russian Studies;and at the centers for Middle Eastern Studies, International Affairs, International Legal Studies, Energy and International Policy, and Health Policy Management.Special Facilities

The Harvard campus is also the site of several renowned museums and collections, among them the Fogg Museum, distinguished for its European and American paintings, sculptures, and prints;the Botanical Museum;and the Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology.Harvard’s library system is the oldest in the United States.The central library collection, used for advanced scholarly research, is housed in the Harry Elkins Widener Memorial Library.Augmented by the Houghton Library of rare books and manuscripts, the undergraduate Lamont, Cabot, and Hilles libraries, and the separate house and departmental libraries, as well as by the graduate schools-collections, the Harvard library complex forms the world’s largest university library system.It currently contains more than 13 million volumes, manuscripts, and microfilms.Harvard University also maintains the Arnold Arboretum, in Boston;the Harvard College Observatory, based in Cambridge;the research center for Byzantine and Early Christian studies at Dumbarton Oaks, in Washington, D.C.;and Villa I Tatti in Settignano, Italy, formerly the home and library of art critic Bernard Berenson and now a center for art history research.Home games of the Harvard Crimson football team and other athletic events take place at Harvard Stadium, which has a seating capacity of more than 38,000.Yale University is Harvard’s traditional rival in sports.Publications

Undergraduate publications include the Harvard Crimson, a daily newspaper founded in 1873;the Harvard Advocate, a literary review;and a nationally known humor magazine, the Harvard Lampoon.Among journals issued by Harvard’s graduate schools and affiliated groups are the Harvard Business Review, Harvard Educational Review, and Harvard Law Review.Harvard University Press, founded in 1913, publishes books of scholarly as well as general interest and medical and scientific works.注意：此部分試題請在答題卡1上作答；8-10題在答題卡1上。

1.The article gives readers a general view of Harvard University.2.Harvard University is a public, coeducational institution of higher education in Cambridge.U.S.3.According to the new curriculum, students must spend the equal time on both courses in a field of concentration and elective courses.4.The freshmen live in halls within Harvard Yard which provides tutors.5.Special studies programs are also provided at the Harvard-Yenching Institute for East Asian Research;the Kathryn W.and Shelby Cullom Davis Center for Russian Studies.6.Harvard’s library system is the world’s oldest university library system.7.Harvard University Press, established in 1913, publishes works of many kinds.8.Harvard became a chartered university in 1780 by acquiring considerable autonomy and ________________________.9.The central library collection of Harvard library system is mainly for ____________________.10.Harvard’s traditional rival in sports is________________________.1.Y.從文章各個副標題可以總結出文章的大概輪廓。副標題包括哈佛大學簡介、本科教育、研究生教育、教學設施和大學出版業(yè)等，讀者看過這幾方面的介紹，對哈佛大學就會有初步的了解。因此選Y.2.N.根據(jù)public, coeducational 等詞語可以將本題定位在文章第一句話，“Harvard University,private, coeducational institution of higher education, the oldest in the United States, in Cambridge, Massachusetts.” 但是原文是private 而不是 public, 因此選N.3.N.根據(jù)curriculum, concentration and elective courses等短語，通過查讀迅速定位于第二段

倒數(shù)第二句“In addition to the new curriculum, students must spend roughly the equivalent of two years on courses in a field of concentration and one year on elective courses.” 然而，在原文中“concentration”方面是兩年，在“elective courses”方面是一年，因此并不相等，選N.4.NG.文章中關于住宿部分只是談到新生住在“Harvard Yard”，并沒有談到是否有導師

“tutor”，因此選NG.5.N.本題相對簡單，根據(jù)若干專有名詞可以將題目定位于第三副標題的內容，因此可以輕

松找到進行東亞研究的應該是the John K.Fairbank Center，因此選N.6.N.本題關于library, 可以通過查讀定位于special faculty 部分，而通過university library

system 我們定位到這部分的第二段倒數(shù)第二句，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)the Harvard library complex forms the world’s largest university library system.而不是oldest 因此選N.7.Y.本題是本文最后一句話的大意概括，很顯然選Y.8.private financial support.根據(jù)charted university, considerable autonomy，可以通過瀏覽閱讀

和查讀將本題迅速定位在開頭第二段的最后一句“Harvard gradually acquired considerable autonomy and private financial support, becoming a chartered university in 1780.” 因此，可以尋找空白處所缺部分，為private financial support。

9.advanced scholarly research.通過central library可以將本題定位于第四副標題的第四部分，在第二句話找到正確答案

10.Yale University.首先，看到sports，我們可以基本定位于第四副標題最后一部分，通過查

讀我們發(fā)現(xiàn)和traditional rival對應的是本段最后一句，因此答案很簡單，應為Yale University.

第二篇：五步快速作文練習法

首先強調的是，這里的作文特指高考應試作文。應試作文，在寫作當中應該是一種特殊的寫作樣本。它是在一定要求之下按時完成并由閱卷教師在較短時間內做出評判并打出具體分值的作文形式。

其次說明的是，本文所說的作文法指議論文寫作。應試作文除詩歌以外的其他文體沒有限制，但從快速高效實用的角度看，議論文寫作是首選。相對于記敘文，議論文觀點明確，易于閱卷教師捕捉，而記敘類文章將主題隱藏于敘事之中，不容易引起閱卷老師注意。而其他創(chuàng)新體裁，風險過大，不宜作為高考應試作文首選。要知道，應試作文不光要寫的好，還要閱卷老師改的好。

所謂五步，圖示如下：

□1-亮出觀點

○2-材料證明 □3-點評材料 ○4-延伸材料 □5-點題結尾 1、3、5□為處為議論性文字。

2、4○處為敘述性文字。具體操作是這樣的。第1處明確主題，亮出觀點；第2處為了證明觀點，進行敘述，以具體例子為證；到第3處結合上面的事情進行點評，以深化主題；第4處再敘述，以延伸話題，將說理引向深入；第5處評論上述事例的同時，點題收尾。

這里所說的五步，是五個步驟：先亮觀點，再事實證明，然后對事實點評，接著再說事，最后總結性點題，呼應開頭。五步不代表說每篇作文都只能是五個自然段完成。每個步驟可以是一段，也可以是兩段。

應試作文評分是按照幾個要素來量分的，權重也不盡相同。首要的就是主題確定要符合題目要求，其次才是材料選擇，謀篇布局，語言表達方面的要求。切題與否決定著整篇作文的水準。所以說應試作文開篇亮出觀點，明確自己要寫什么比什么都重要。不要繞來繞去，開門見山最好。閱卷老師在較短時間內不可能對應試作文的每一句話都字斟句酌，與其說老師慢慢找，不如自己主動直接說出來。

現(xiàn)在不少學生的通病是，寫議論文采用觀點加材料的簡單模式，缺乏邏輯思維品質，整個文章思辨色彩不強，說理的說服力欠缺。一般是開頭提出觀點之后，就一股腦列舉幾個事例，也不加分析，就到最后又說幾句點一下題結束。

五步快速作文法強調的是敘議結合。敘事是為議論服務，議論是建立在敘事基礎之上的，敘與議之間不是油水分離，而是水乳交融。

下面以安徽省2010年高考作文一篇題為《凡事，適可而行后適可而止》的范文來看一看：

凡事，適可而行后適可而止。

當然，止于至善，是每個人最希望看到的結果。不管是偏遠鄉(xiāng)村的農夫，漁夫還是繁華都市的工人，高管，都在為這快節(jié)奏的社會發(fā)展打著合諧的節(jié)拍。

然而，富士康的兄弟姐妹，卻因為跟不上這和諧的節(jié)拍，付出生命的代價。環(huán)境是改變一個人重要的因素，但不能困在當前環(huán)境而不知返途，人生是美好的，不能因為短暫的挫折和傷痛就要選擇輕生。陽光總在風雨后，不經過的努力的耕種怎能感受收獲的喜悅？用阿里巴巴創(chuàng)始人馬云先生的話“今天很殘酷，明天更殘酷，后天很美好，但絕大多數(shù)人死在明天晚上，看不到后天的太陽”來映照這些經不起生命折騰的人最為恰當不過了。經不起打擊,也許，環(huán)境只是人生選擇上的一個失誤。

人的十字路口，選擇失誤，錯過機遇，確實很多。如果這個集體真的不合適你，你可以考慮換個集體。不一定非要等老板覺得你不能勝任這份工作的時候，你才選擇離開。人生要找合適自己的，不是找湊合自己的。哪怕這份工作薪水不錯，但違背你的原則和道德底線，你可以大方地說“NO”,沒有什么丟臉和庸俗。近些年，安徽出了一個名人——許嵩。他被冠以“周杰倫接班人”和“音樂界韓寒”之稱，可見其影響力。我們且不說，他是誰誰誰的影子，隨便在哪個搜索引擎一搜，都是他的海量信息。

讀過他簡歷的人都知道，他是安徽醫(yī)科大學畢業(yè)生，然而，他卻走上獨立創(chuàng)作音樂的道路，集詞曲唱錄混音制作于一人，在創(chuàng)作型歌手當中都屬屈指可數(shù)的奇人。他沒有簽約任何唱片公司，只通過官網宣傳，就有很好的銷量，他擁有全球海量FANS。這么多的人粉他，說明他是成功的，是大家的典范。醫(yī)學和音樂是風馬牛不相及的兩個行業(yè)，但許嵩找到了屬于自己的，適合自己的道路，并且把這個選擇無限最大化了。

選擇合適自己的，很重要；不適合自己的，只會讓你白搭更多。再拿婚姻來說，找一個愛的人是過一輩子，不是馬馬虎虎地過一生。人生的路說長不長，說短不短。不能將就地過，要過就要有滋有味地過。時下，各大衛(wèi)視的相親節(jié)目里男選女，女選男。驚現(xiàn)雷人雷語，讓老外對中國人的愛情觀和愛情價值觀都產生了疑問，中國人就這么低俗嗎？對別人提要求，首先也得掂量自己的斤兩，適合的紐帶是拴在兩個人的身上，不是建立在其中一個人離譜得有悖社會風氣的條件上，那樣，適合的天平終有一端不平衡而傾斜。令人啼笑皆非的鳳姐，不知山高水深不為過，居然弄不清自己的份量，狂言只有北大清華研究生才適合自己，也不怪在作秀節(jié)目現(xiàn)場被人扔雞蛋，換成我，肯定要扔鵝卵石。有人做過精確的估算，全中國有6人符合鳳姐的要求，但愿這6人中的一人這輩子能和鳳姐憋屈著堅強地幸存到生命的終點。

蔥就是蔥，插哪兒都裝不了蒜。大家都明白這個簡單常識：水田種不了麥子，旱地種不了稻子。如果你非要違背客觀規(guī)律，主觀臆斷行事，只會適得其反，狼狽收場。

人生亦是如此,適可而行方始步,量力而行卻止履。

本文九個自然段，敘議結合。整個框架也是按五步來構建的。第1步就是亮出觀點，揭示出材料中的哲理。第2步用富士康的兄弟姐妹與馬云為例加以證明。第3步上下兼顧，圍繞主旨進行點評。

第4步再以許嵩與婚姻現(xiàn)象為例，延展話題，豐富文章內涵。第5步照應開頭，總結主題。最后強調一點的是，不能機械地認為敘述處一句議論也不能有，議論處一句敘述也不行，可以相互滲透關聯(lián)。只是基本框架是這樣構建的。按這樣的模式進行構思，將整篇文章寫下來。

“隨手筆錄”

朱昌元

不少語文老師都鼓勵并指導學生寫隨筆，不少學生都備有一個兩個隨筆本。

那么，什么樣的文章叫隨筆呢？我們筆下的文字都符合隨筆的要求嗎？

《辭?！穼Α半S筆”是這樣解釋的：“散文的一種。隨手寫來，不拘一格。中國宋代以后，雜記見聞，也用此名?！逅摹詠?，隨筆十分流行，形式多樣、短小活潑。優(yōu)秀的隨筆以借事抒情、夾敘夾議、語言洗練、意味雋永為其特色。”按“隨手寫來，不拘一格”的解釋，我們的隨筆本上所寫的文章，可以說都符合隨筆的要求。當然，是否具有隨筆的那些特色則是另一回事了。

在中國，隨筆這個名稱大概產生于宋代。宋代洪邁一部關于歷史、文學、哲學、藝術等方面的筆記就叫《容齋隨筆》，“容齋”是洪邁的書齋名。他用四十多年時間寫了五集隨筆，除了第一集“隨筆”這個名稱，其他幾集分別以“續(xù)筆”“三筆”“四筆”“五筆”名之。洪邁在《容齋隨筆》的卷首說：“予老去習懶，讀書不多，意之所之，隨即記錄，因其后先，無復詮次，故目之曰‘隨筆’?！薄耙庵?，隨即記錄”，所以叫“隨筆”。這恐怕是洪邁給隨筆下的最為準確的定義了。南宋時期的諸多“筆記”“筆談”“筆錄”“雜記”之類的文章，實質都是“意之所之，隨即記錄”的，故統(tǒng)稱為“隨筆”也應該是恰當?shù)?。但在中國古代的文體中，這些文章都屬于筆記。而且這些文章，在宋代以前和以后都有，只是沒有像洪邁那樣直接用“隨筆”命名而已。

現(xiàn)代作家中，也有不少人善于寫隨筆。像胡適、郁達夫、周作人、林語堂、汪曾祺等，都是寫生活隨筆的高手。當代作家張中行的幾本隨筆集，分別叫做《負暄瑣話》《負暄續(xù)話》《負暄三話》，可以說連命名方式也深受洪邁的影響。當然，他們的隨筆內容也以生活中的所遇所感為主，大多“隨手筆錄，不拘一格”，但也“抒寫自由，質樸自然”，“縱意而談，涉筆成趣”。

西方的隨筆以法國啟蒙思想家蒙田的《隨筆錄》為標志，再由英國的培根引進英國并在英國發(fā)揚光大。蒙田認為思想是很難保留和捕捉的，蒙田用隨筆的形式盡可能把思想寫下來，目的在于記錄自我內心的獨白，哪怕這個獨白違反正統(tǒng)的道德。因而，西方的隨筆更注重思想的閃光，更強調自由的色彩和強烈的個性。因此，這些隨筆閃耀著人道主義、人文精神、理性、自由、平等、博愛等思想的光輝。以蒙田和培根為代表的西方隨筆的共同特點是：短小精粹，寫法隨意；較少描寫、敘述，而注重說理、議論，充滿著思辨色彩和哲理意味；其主要功能不是娛樂、休閑，而是引人深思，啟迪人的心智。我們看看蒙田的《熱愛生命》（節(jié)選），就能體會到蒙田隨筆的精粹、雋永： 我對某些詞語賦予特殊的含義。拿“度日”來說吧，天色不佳，令人不快的時候，我將“度日”看做是“消磨光陰”，而風和日麗的時候，我卻不愿意去“度”，這時我是在慢慢賞玩、領略美好時光。

壞日子，飛快去“度”，好日子，要停下來細細品嘗?！岸热铡薄跋r光”的常用語令人想起那些“哲人”的習氣。他們以為生命的利用不外乎在于將它打發(fā)、消磨，并且盡量回避它，無視它的存在，仿佛這是一件苦事、一件賤物似的。至于我，我卻認為生命不是這個樣子的，我覺得它值得稱頌，富有樂趣，即便我自己到了垂暮之年也還是如此。我們的生命受到自然的恩賜，它是優(yōu)越無比的，如果我們覺得不堪生之重壓或是白白虛度此生，那也只是怪我們自己。

“糊涂人的一生枯燥無味，躁動不安，卻將全部希望寄托于來世?！?不過，我卻隨時準備告別人生，毫不惋惜。這倒不是因生之艱辛或苦惱所致，而是由于生之本質在于死。因此只有樂于生的人才能不感到死之苦惱。

對于人們常說的“度日”這個詞語，蒙田從哲學的角度進行議論，發(fā)掘出“熱愛生命”的主題。這就是蒙田隨筆的獨特之處。我們都學過培根的《論讀書》，同樣可以看出西方隨筆的上述特點。選自法國思想家帕斯卡爾《思想錄》的《人是能思想的葦草》和選自英國思想家羅素《羅素自傳》的《我為什么而活著》也是這樣的優(yōu)秀作品。這樣的隨筆，是“心靈的漫游”（〔英〕約翰遜）、是“我手寫我心”（〔英〕喬治·奧威爾）。英國作家本森認為：“隨筆是我們自己的手筆；隨筆的妙處并不在于題目，而在于個性的魅力。隨筆自然要寫出某種‘有意思的’東西，某種可供人嗅察、聽到、看見、感知、想像、思考的東西，但是最根本一點，作者必須有自己的看法，這看法又必須在他自己的心靈中自然形成，而隨筆的魅力即依靠著醞釀和記錄下這看法的心靈的魅力。??而作者在隨筆中所要表達的那種感想，那種心情，若用古歌謠中的詞句來說，就是：‘我對我自己說道——我說?！敝袊F(xiàn)代作家中寫具有思想性隨筆的，既有老一輩的梁啟超、魯迅等大家，也有新一代的作家，像王小波、李敖、董橋、朱學勤等。

從上面的介紹中，我們可以大致了解隨筆的基本特點，也能夠懂得中西方隨筆在內容上、形式上的差異。但不管是寫中國式的還是西方式的，以下問題是必須注意的。

首先，重在一個“隨”字。因為隨筆應該是一種偶得，是偶然得到，隨手記錄，這或許是我們寫隨筆的一種常態(tài)。當心靈在生活中受到觸發(fā)，一種想法從心頭倏然閃過，你便感到一絲興奮，此時便有了寫作隨筆的興致和激情，隨著情感的奔涌、思緒的流淌，一篇佳作就要誕生了。這和一般作文的寫法不同，它不是運用常規(guī)思維進行演繹，也不需要根據(jù)要求來拼湊，更不是無病呻吟、裝腔作勢，而是一種對瞬間發(fā)現(xiàn)的捕捉，是一種對鮮活思想的抒寫。像著名作家汪曾祺的散文隨筆選《隨遇而安》中的《夏天的昆蟲》、《北京的秋花》、《草木春秋》、《四方食事》、《家鄉(xiāng)的食物》、《肉食者不鄙》等篇，寫法隨意，娓娓道來，饒有情趣。有的寥寥數(shù)語就寫出了某種物體的形態(tài)特征，簡潔精粹之極。

其次，要有思想。我們常說，思想深刻才能寫出好作品。這對于隨筆來說同樣至關重要，可以說思想是隨筆的靈魂。所以隨筆一般不宜于用來贊美，用來歌功頌德，用來寫官樣文章，因為思想總是嚴肅冷峻的，它帶給人們的往往不是一時的輕快愉悅，而是一種發(fā)人深省的厚重深沉之感。廣東的《隨筆》雜志所刊載的大多就是這樣的文章。

再次，要精心構思。“意之所之，隨即記錄”并不是隨便亂寫。季羨林先生在談寫作經驗時說：“散文隨筆，看似松松散散、隨隨便便，實際都是慘淡經營而來，文章寫成后，讀起來雖然如行云流水，自然天成，實際上其背后蘊藏著作者的一片匠心?！?《季羨林談寫作》)季先生自己寫的隨筆散文就是這樣的。隨筆的篇幅不能長，像巴爾扎克說的那樣，“要用最小的面積驚人地集中了最大量的思想”，不但要擠干水分，還要寫得圓潤玲瓏，搖曳多姿。好的隨筆總能把深刻獨到的思想表現(xiàn)得生動形象，引人入勝，像課文《人是能思想的葦草》，即使忽略文章中那些深刻透徹的說理、思辨，光是題目中這個前無古人的比喻，也會讓千百年后的讀者折服。

我們的作文，特別是高考作文，如果寫隨筆，就要注意隨筆的這些基本特點，要讓看起來是意之所之、信手而寫的文章，閃耀著心靈的哲思，讓思想的靈光和獨特的匠心使閱卷老師的眼睛為之一亮，以取得理想的成績。

第三篇：大學英語六級考試快速閱讀沖刺練習

在線學英語 體驗請申請：

洛基英語，中

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Reading Comprehension(Skimming and Scanning)(15 minutes)

Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1.For questions 1-4, mark

Y(for YES)if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;

N(for NO)if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage;

NG(for NOT GIVEN)if the information is not given in the passage.For questions 5to10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.Stress

This may come as a surprise, but you need stress in your life.Leading stress management experts say that life without stress would be dull and unexciting.Stress adds flavor, challenge, and opportunity to life.However, too much stress can seriously affect your physical and mental well-being.A major challenge in today's stress-filled world is to make the stress in your life work for you instead of against you.In today's hectic, fast-paced world and with the booming economy, stress is our constant companion.It comes from mental or emotional activity and physical activity.Too much emotional stress can result in physical illness, such as high blood pressure, ulcers, asthma, irritable colon, headaches, or even heart disease.On the other hand, physical stress from work or exercise rarely causes such ailments.In fact, physical exercise can help you to relax and to handle your mental or emotional stress.Hans Selye, M.D., a recognized expert in the field, has defined stress as a “nonspecific response of the body to a demand”.The key to reducing stress is learning how our bodies respond to those demands.When stress becomes prolonged or particularly frustrating, it can become harmful-causing distress or “bad stress”.Recognizing the early signs of distress and then doing something about them can make a significant difference in the quality of your life.YouTheme

In order to use stress in a positive way and prevent it from becoming distress, you should be aware of your own reactions to stressful events.The body responds to stress by going through specific stages:(1)alarm,(2)resistance, and(3)exhaustion.Muscles tense, blood pressure and heart rate rise, and adrenaline and other stress-triggered hormones that increase the level of alertness are released.If the stress-causing conditions continue, your body will need time to make repairs, if that happens, you eventually may develop a physical problem that is related to stress, such as migraine headaches, high blood pressure, backaches, or insomnia.That's why when stress occurs it's important that you recognize and deal with it in a positive way.While it's impossible to live completely free of stress and distress, it is possible to prevent some distress as well as to minimize its impact when it can't be avoided.The U.S.Department of Health and Human Services offers the following suggestions for ways to handle stress.Try Physical Activity

When you're nervous, angry or upset, try releasing the pressure through exercise or physical activity.Running, walking, playing tennis, or working in your garden are 在線學英語 體驗請申請：

just some of the activities you might try.Physical exercise will relieve your anxiety and worry and help you relax.Your body and your mind will work together to ease the stress in your life.Share Your Stress

It helps to talk with someone about your anxieties and worries.Perhaps a friend, family member, teacher, or counselor can help you achieve a more positive perspective on what's troubling you.If you feel your problem is serious, you might seek professional help from a psychologist, psychiatrist or social worker.Knowing when to ask for help is a positive step in avoiding more serious problems later.Take Care of Yourself

You should make every effort to eat well and to get enough rest.If you're irritable and tense from lack of sleep, or if you're not eating properly, you'll be more vulnerable to stressful situations.If stress repeatedly keeps you from sleeping, you should consult your doctor.Make Time for Yourself Schedule time for both work and recreation.Don't forget, play can be just as important to your overall well-being as work.You need a break from your daily routine to just relax and have fun.Go window-shopping or work on a hobby.Allow yourself at least a half hour each day to do something you enjoy.Make a List of the Things You Need to Do

Stress can result from disorganization and a feeling that “there's so much to do, and not enough time”.Trying to take care of everything at once can be overwhelming, and as a result, you may not accomplish anything.Instead, make a list of everything you have to do, then do one thing at a time, checking off each task as it is completed.Give priority to the most important tasks and do those first.Go Ahead and Cry

A good cry can be a healthy way to bring relief to your anxiety.It might even help yon avoid a headache or other physical consequence of anxiety and stress.Create a Quiet Scene

Yon can't always run away, but you can allow yourself a mental “get-away”.A quiet country scene painted mentally, or on canvas, can transport you from the tension of a stressful situation to a more relaxing frame of mind.You also can create a sense of peace and tranquility by reading a good book or listening to beautiful music.Avoid Self-Medication

While yon can use prescription or over-the-counter medications to relieve stress temporarily, they do not remove the conditions that caused the stress in the first place.In fact, many medications may be habit-forming and also may reduce your efficiency, thus creating more stress than they eliminate.They should be taken only on the advice of your doctor.考試論壇

Relax

The best strategy for reducing or avoiding stress altogether is to learn how to relax.Unfortunately, many people try to relax at the same pace that they lead the rest of their lives.That doesn't work.Instead, try tuning out your worries about time, productivity and “doing right”.Here are several relaxation techniques you may find 在線學英語 體驗請申請：

helpful:

-You should take a deep breath and exhale to help calm your mind, counter your body's natural stress reaction and improve your response.-You should laugh.Many stress management experts advocate laughter as a relaxation technique for relieving tension.-You should take a warm bath or shower.Whether you prefer bubble baths or long hot showers, this is an excellent way to relax after a stressful day.-You should try progressive muscle relaxation.Individual contract and relax each muscle group of your body.Begin by tensing your toes for 10 seconds, then relax them for 20.Work all the way up your body, alternately tensing and relaxing, and finish with your facial muscles.By learning the “art” of relaxation, you'll find satisfaction in just “being”, without trying or striving.Your focus on relaxation, enjoyment and health will reduce stress, anxiety and worry in your life.The result is, you will be calmer, healthier and happier.注意：此部分試題在答題卡1上作答。

1.In today's stressful world, we should get control of the stress in our life rather than being forced by it.2.According to the author, too much physical illness can lead to emotional stress.3.When stress becomes prolonged or particularly frustrating, it can become too harmful to cause distress or bad stress.4.If the conditions which cause stress continue, your body will need time, usually, three to five days, to make repairs.5.Although it's impossible to live without stress and distress _____________________.6.A more positive perspective on what's troubling you may be achieved with the help of_____________________.7.Disorganization and a feeling that “there's so much to do, and not enough time” can _____________________.8.You can read a good book or listen to beautiful music_____________________.9._____________________is the best strategy for reducing or avoiding stress.10.The reduction of stress, anxiety and worry in your life is _____________________.Fast Reading

(1-4)Y N Y NG

5.it is possible to prevent some distress and to minimize its impact when it can't be avoided

6.a friend, family member, teacher, or counselor

7.result in stress

8.to create a sense of peach and tranquility

9.Learning how to relax 在線學英語 體驗請申請：

10.due to your focus on relaxation, enjoyment and health

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第四篇：如何通過精聽練習快速提高四級聽力

? 如何通過精聽練習快速提高四級聽力

在四級備考的過程中，除了通過做題來提高對考試題型、場景的了解外，我們還需要通過精聽練習來提高整體的聽力能力。在教學過程中，經常有學生抱怨自己背了很多單詞，能大致聽懂文章，但找不出答案，或者聽到了答案又往往無法在短時間內作出反應，并把單詞順利寫下來。四級聽力考試是非常注重細節(jié)記錄的，不管是選擇題還是填空題都需要對文章細節(jié)內容有一個良好的把握。如果光有單詞基礎，卻無法把它們有機結合起來，自然是做不好題目的。而做精聽練習恰好能彌補考生對聽力原文的細節(jié)把握，同時又能鍛煉記憶以及對單詞的反應速度，所以是一種非常好的練習方法。以下對該方法作一個簡單的介紹：

首先，精聽文章的選擇

直接選擇四級真題的聽力題來做。對于程度一般的考生可以選擇短對話來做，那么程度不錯的考生就可以做短文和復合式聽寫，根據(jù)自己的情況也可以慢慢從簡到難一步一步做。

其次，精聽的步驟：聽—讀—寫—聽

聽全文（或者所選取的整段）：先把文章從頭到尾聽一遍，了解大致意思，并注意斷句。接下來仔細把每句話的意思聽懂，聽一句停一下，有不明白的地方可以多聽幾遍，盡量依靠自己聽到的內容聯(lián)系場景把文章聽懂。實在不明白也要把讀音聽出來。這個步驟鍛煉的是考生的聽力理解能力。

讀全文：仔細聽過之后應該對文章內容了解比較細致了，接下來跟著文章一句一句進行跟讀，不明白的地方模仿發(fā)音。這個步驟也可以和第一個步驟結合在一起做，為的是鍛煉考生的語音和記憶力，同時對口語也是有幫助的。

寫全文：做過聽讀訓練后，接下來要把文章聽寫下來。可以選擇聽一句寫一句，聽完一個整句或者一個比較長的意群后先不忙著動筆，想清楚這個句子的結構和意思后再寫。切忌聽到一兩個單詞就忙著寫，這樣往往記不下后面的內容。不會寫的內容盡量根據(jù)讀音拼寫。這個過程對單詞的輸出和記憶力的提高是很有幫助的。

聽全文：全部寫完后再聽一遍原文，比照自己寫的內容，看是否有可改進之處。對照原文答案找出自己錯誤的地方，記錄并改正。再聽一遍原文進一步確認自己錯誤之處是否聽懂。

精聽練習的確是一個比較煩瑣的過程，但只要堅持每天訓練，一定會看到成果。

第五篇：初中體育 1.快速跑 2.素質練習教案

1.快速跑 2.素質練習

教學目標： 1.鞏固提高蹲踞式起跑、疾跑、途中跑技術、著重解決途中跑的步頻步幅存在的問題激發(fā)創(chuàng)新思維和自主學習； 2.通過全程練習，進一步體會動作，提高各階段技術的應用，激發(fā)學生的合作精神；

3.加強素質練習，發(fā)展腿部力量，培養(yǎng)吃苦耐勞精神。

準備部分：

1.整隊、檢查人數(shù)、著裝 2.師生問好、3.宣布課的內客 4.安排見習生 5.游戲：同心協(xié)力 教法：

1.由體育委員整隊

2.教師宣布課的內容及要求 3.安排見習生

組識：四列橫隊

要求：靜、齊、快 精神飽滿，思想集中

二、后蹬跑+加速跑

教法：

1.教師講解、提問、示范，巡視、輔導糾錯

2.學生積極參與，體驗動作，相互觀察，相互學習組織：四路縱隊

要求：大腿高抬，積極下壓，上體放松稍前傾

三、步頻步幅練習

1.步頻練習：設置50～60cm間隔的標志物，讓學生以最快的速度跑過 2.步幅練習：按140～200cm的間隔距離逐增 教法：

1.教師講解、提問、示范，巡視、輔導糾錯 2.學生積極參與，體驗動作，相互觀察，相互學習組織：四路縱隊

要求：后蹬時充分蹬伸髖、膝、踝關節(jié)

四、學習終點沖刺跑 教法：

?

??1.講解、練習，啟發(fā)誘導

2.學生相互觀察，相互學習，互相輔導

要求：認真練習，正確掌握，體會初作，頻率快、步幅大，相互交流感受

結束部分

1.集合 2.放松

3.小結 4.解散

???